2025届湖北省八校联考高三下学期三模英语试题

湖北省2025届八校三统联考 高三英语试题 本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 ★祝考试顺利★ 注意事项： 1、答题前，请将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的制定位置。 2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3、非选择题作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4、考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力 （共两节、满分30分） 做题时先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应 位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man want to do? A．Reserve a cheap hotel. B．Go to Mexico on business. C．Relax and enjoy himself. 2．What will the woman get? A．Carpet cleaner. B．A paper towel. C．A glass of wine. 3．Who is the woman? A．She's a teacher. B．She's a student. C．She's an assistant. 4．Where are the speakers heading? A．To a swimming pool. B．To the beach. C．To a restaurant. 5．Why is the museum of great significance? A．It's a museum for old art. B．It's built on a small island. C．It's the first of its kind in Indonesia. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is bothering Jamie? A．His clothing. B．His car. C．His sister. 7．What will Jamie do next? A．Go to sleep. B．Drive faster. C．Do some reading. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．How many seats does the bicycle have? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. 9．What will be the hardest part of riding the bicycle? A．Keeping balance. B．Gaining speed. C．Being safe. 听第8 段材料，回答第 10至12题。 10．What might Mr.Wells be? A．An athlete. B．A business owner. C．An advertising expert. 11．What do we know about the product? A．It is from family business. B．Its main buyers are runners. C．It is designed to be used by a team. 12．According to the woman，what does Mr.Wells need most? A．The budget of the advertising. B．The name of the chosen person. C．The artwork of the advertisement. 听第9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The preparation for a school play. B．The woman's visit to the man's house. C．The traditional customs in the woman's country. 14．How did the man's parents feel about the woman at first? A．Angry. B．Embarrassed. C．Surprised. 15．What did the man's father have in common with the woman? A．They played the same sport. B．They were both very smart in their class. C．They both gained many awards in school. 16．Why can't the woman attend the dinner on time? A．She will be seeing a play. B．She will be celebrating a holiday. C．She will be performing in a show. 听第10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17．How long is the storm warning for? A．12 hours. B．13 hours. C．24 hours. 18．What does the speaker advise people to particularly stay away from? A．The windows. B．The ocean. C．The roads. 19．What makes the storm dangerous? A．The rain. B．The winds. C．The pressure. 20．What does the speaker suggest people do? A．Turn off their power. B．Keep up with the latest news. C．Board their windows and doors with wood. 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Here are several places which will surprise you. Death Valley, California, USA Very lively at night but completely dead during the day, this place is nothing but dry hot desert.It actually holds the record for the hottest air temperature.It has an average temperature of 46℃ but it has reached 56.7℃ in 1913 and is considered to be a current record.As the driest place in the USA, this place is actually inhabited even though less than a thousand people live there. Kebili, Tunisia Tunisia's close location to the Mediterranean Sea suggests that it should be nice and cool but Kebili is a desert town which has the highest temperature recorded at 55℃.The people inhabiting the area have adjusted to tough conditions and learned to spend most of their time in the shade.Date palms are one of the key features of this place. Wādī Halfā， Sudan The city is located on the shores of Lake Nubia, and dust storms are a pretty common thing in the summer.With an average temperature of 41℃， it still managed to make it to 53℃ in 1967.You would think that it should be a little bit cooler for it is the most northern place in Sudan. Dasht-e Lut Desert, Iran It's another uninhabited desert which is actually getting super hot.In the past 20 years, the temperatures of 70℃ have been recorded.The salt desert spreads over 200 miles and even wildlife is not that spread.The place is popular with tourists and naturalists who would like to experience extreme landscapes. 21．What can we say about Death Valley? A．There is little rainfall in it. B．Over 1，000 people live there. C．There is nothing but dry hot sand in it. D．Its average temperature is 56.7℃. 22．Which place has the highest temperature ever recorded? A．Death Valley. B．Dasht-e Lut Desert. C．Wādī Halfā. D．Kebili. 23．What do the four places have in common? A．They are places suitable to settle in. B．They are located close to deserts. C．They are the hottest places on earth. D．They are more popular with tourists than other places. B Recently I bought a book about signposts.Signposts aren't very interesting, you're thinking.Well, that, of course, depends on whether you happen to be lost! Ancient travelers would have been grateful for these when settlements were smaller and further apart.In winter, the ability to reach shelter for the night could be the difference between life and death. One of the very earliest waymarks discovered is in Cumbria.Dating from Roman times, it had lain fallen until 1836, when a farmer ploughing his fields came across a sandstone.There are other stone posts that have stood by roadsides for centuries.It wasn't until 1697 that an act was passed declaring that guide-stones must be built. This applied to remote parts of the country where there might be confusion as to which path led to the nearest market town.Later, with the appearance of the Royal Mail, the number rose still further.Nowadays many of these early road signs are designated (指定) as Listed Monuments. “How times change！” Lucy, an enthusiastic walker, to whom I loaned the book, exclaimed. “I suppose now we all rely far more upon mobile phones to guide us.” “Yet they aren't perfect.Whenever I go out, I prefer a map.I never have to worry about running out of battery.” “I'm always grateful to whoever is placing waymarkers along the route，” she added, “I suppose that however sure we are, a little outside confirmation is always welcome.” Lucy is quite right there.Life itself can offer us a great many choices of path, and sometimes it isn't easy to know if we've chosen the best one. Perhaps when it comes to gratitude, we should also include thanks for those people who appear in our lives when we most need them — either giving us gentle warning that we might be heading in the wrong direction, or reassurance that we are on the right track.After all, we'd be lost without them! 24．What does the underlined word “these” in the first paragraph refer to? A．Signposts.　　　 B．Abilities. C．Settlements. D．Shelters. 25．What contributed to the initial spread of signposts? A．The market trade. B．The act passed in 1697. C．The discovery of the sandstone. D．The appearance of the Loyal Mail. 26．What does Lucy think of signposts? A．Popular. B．Outdated. C．Imperfect. D．Helpful. 27．What does the author learn from signposts? A．To choose right tracks. B．To live a colorful life. C．To have a grateful mind. D．To offer practical choices. C Scientists at Purdue University created the world's whitest paint — a discovery that not only adds yet another choice to the “which white should we paint this wall” dilemma, but also might help the climate crisis. The paint was developed by Purdue mechanical engineering professor Xiulin Ruan and his team.It works through a passive cooling technology that offers great promises to reduce space cooling cost and global warming.“When we started this project seven years ago, we had saving energy and fighting climate change in mind，” Ruan said in a podcast (播客) episode of This Is Purdue.They wanted to create a paint that would reflect sunlight away from a building, dramatically decreasing the need for air conditioning. Heating, cooling, and lighting account for 28 percent of the world's total greenhouse gas emissions.And overusing air conditioning can overwhelm a city's power grid and cause blackouts (停电)．In a Queens blackout in 2006，175，000 people were left without power, which led to 40 deaths.This paint could effectively be an alternative to air conditioners in some places. The paint reflects 98.1%of solar radiation while also giving out infrared (红外线的) heat.Because the paint takes in less heat from the sun than it gives out, a surface coated with this paint is cooled below the surrounding temperature without using power.Covering a roof area of 1，000 square feet with the paint could create 10 kilowatts of cooling power, the researchers found.“That's more powerful than the air conditioners used by most houses，” Ruan told This Is Purdue. You can't buy the paint just yet, but researchers are partnering with a company to put the paint on the market.While individual action to fight climate change can help save our planet, it's important to note that the vast majority of the world's greenhouse gas emissions can be traced back to 100 companies.Maybe we can douse(浇) those companies with this white paint, too — it could be worth a shot. 28．What is known about the paint? A．It has different colors. B．It doesn't cost much. C．It uses heating technology. D．It is climate-friendly. 29．What is the Queens blackout mentioned to show? A．The poor management of power. B．The significance of the paint. C．The importance of air conditioning. D．The result of global warming. 30．Which aspect of the paint is talked about in Paragraph 4? A．Its application. B．Its function. C．Its composition. D．Its disadvantage. 31．What can be learned from the last paragraph? A．The quality of the paint needs improving. B．The paint will bring profits to the 100 companies. C．Researchers want to see the paint in commercial use. D．Individual efforts matter in creating the whitest paint. D Human responses to moral dilemmas can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports.The findings indicate that users may underestimate the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot. Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others.They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场)． The authors then presented 767 U．S.participants, who were on average 39 years old, with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person's life to save five others.Before answering, participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five.After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers. Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read.However, the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance.This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT's statements on their own moral judgments. The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence.They propose that future research should design chatbots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings. 32．What are ChatGPT's answers to a certain moral stance? A．Inconsistent. B．Valuable. C．Creative. D．Simple. 33．What is learned about the participants? A．They admitted the power of ChatGPT. B．They were interviewed by a moral advisor. C．They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly. D．They were presented with different moral dilemmas. 34．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Different findings of the study. B．Future potentials for chatbots. C．Major focuses of future education. D．Solutions to the impact of chatbots. 35．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics B．ChatGPT：Is It Likely to Affect Our Life? C．ChatGPT：Why Is It Making Us So Nervous? D．ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down.However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with.__36__ Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person. Give a hug.Hugging someone shows your affection and care.__37__ This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment.With no kind and loving words, your actions have already said a lot. __38__ Now, go on and say some kind words.Words like “I'm here”， “we are in this together”， “you'll get over this”， “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you're there to take him/her through the sad moment. Use the right tone of voice.__39__ They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person, you would need to say it with the right tone of voice. Listen patiently.People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反馈) that they wanted.Don't be that person.After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time.__40__ A．Say kind loving words. B．Make use of polite expressions. C．Then choose to appreciate others too. D．Remember that words do not stand alone. E．It will help you know how to offer the best fitting help. F．This knowledge is gained through research and practice. G．When you do this to someone, they can feel your warmth. 第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I've been in an 18-year love-hate relationship with a black walnut (黑核桃树)．In late September or early October, falling fruits as__41___ as baseballs put your head at risk.Patio (露台) umbrellas are a __42__ while dining in the garden beginning in early August, and because of the amount of fruit this season, I__43__my helmet while working in the garden. Also, the black walnut produces a chemical substance (物质) through its roots as a__44__strategy, which is poisonous to several common plants. There have been many new plant varieties I brought home with__45__ that the walnut would __46___accept them, but they all failed to grow well. What does__47__are native plants that naturally grow in the area.They are important to have around since they provide beneficial pollinators (传粉者) like birds, bees and butterflies with seeds and __48__ to a healthy environment.Native plants for this area are generally easy to grow, so they experience less __49__． Have I thought of getting rid of this giant__50__ in my backyard? Yes，__51__， removing this tree standing at 50 feet is next to impossible.I'm also__52__ under the tree.Trees are important to the urban forest and for all of those that live in it.Trees absorb air pollution and keep cities cooler and more livable.They are home to many birds and insect species and are __53__for keeping our environment balanced. Sometimes, I__54__ my life without the black walnut.I can't __55__ a spring without the birds who arrive every year and sing loudly before dawn.I miss falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I look up into its leaves before the __56__ threaten to fall. Every spring, I wonder what the season__57__： What are the chances of being knocked __58__while barbecuing? Like any good relationship, I'll never be pleased.I'm stuck with this tree, so I'll listen to its needs and give it the space it __59__．In return, my walnut offers a home to wildlife and a reminder that __60__， instead of resistance, is the better way to be. 41．A.aggressive　　　　　 B．powerful C．fast D．hard 42．A.comfort B．must C．favor D．decision 43．A.carry B．keep C．wear D．prepare 44．A.competitive B．basic C．conservative D．successful 45．A.hopes B．curiosity C．directions D．enthusiasm 46．A.suddenly B．generally C．possibly D．carefully 47．A.improve B．work C．stand D．change 48．A.relate B．adapt C．contribute D．stick 49．A.harm B．disaster C．survival D．stress 50．A.assignment B．thrill C．pain D．treasure 51．A.however B．even C．instead D．somehow 52．A.planted B．protected C．removed D．managed 53．A.suitable B．practical C．responsible D．necessary 54．A.live through B．think about C．focus on D．call for 55．A.see B．welcome C．forget D．imagine 56．A.nuts B．worries C．trees D．branches 57．A.produces B．values C．holds D．undertakes 58．A.unbearable B．unbelievable C．unable D．unconscious 59．A.requires B．saves C．chooses D．creates 60．A.patience B．acceptance C．preference D．tolerance 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Three million years may seem like a long time.But when you consider that planet Earth is more than 4.5 billion years old, it is a pretty short period of time. The blue whale, 61.________(weigh) more than even the biggest dinosaurs, is the largest animal 62.________ has ever lived.They can grow to 30 meters long and be as heavy as 130, 000 kilograms.But for millions of years, they were not nearly that large, scientists said.“All of a sudden—‘boom’ — we see 63.________(they) get very big，” said scientist Nick Pyenson.He and other 64.________ (researcher) recently published an article on whale size.“It's like going from whales the size of minivans (面包车) to longer than two school buses，” Pyenson added. The scientists believe 65.________ caused whales to get so large was a change in the Earth's climate only about 3 million years ago.This change led to food becoming more 66.________(easy) available.67.________ oncoming ice age made the ocean water cold and 68.________(bring) more nutrients, resulting in more food for large whales.Whales which were able to quickly-eat a lot of food survived, and got 69.________ (large)．“Over the next three or four million years, the blue whales grew 10 times bigger than they 70.________(be)，” the scientists said. 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 With the development of the network, distance learning is gaining in popular.People's opinions about it varies from one to another.In my opinion, it won't replace with traditional learning.Firstly, it isn't suitably for students who prefer direct communication with teachers.What's bad, studying online too long will do harm to students' eyes.However, it is its flexibility in time and place which benefits teaching and learning.Also, it releases teachers from repeat the same contents since the video or audio materials can played repeatedly.So it is a effective addition to traditional learning. Briefly, the combination of distance learning and traditional learning can help students realize their potential when putting into practice. 第二节　书面表达(满分25分) 请你以“Science and Technology Influence Our Life”为题，给校刊“英语角”栏目写一篇英文稿件，内容包括： 1．举例说明科学技术给学校教育和我们生活带来的新变化； 2．你的感受。 注意： 1．词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Science and Technology Influence Our Life _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 共10页 第1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高三英语试题答案+听力原文+解析 1－5 CBABC 6－10 ACBCB 11－15 ACBCA 16－20 CAABB 21－25 ABCAB 26－30 DCDBB 31－35 CACDD 36－40 FGADE 41－45 DBCAA 46－50 CBCDC 51－55 ABDBD 56－60 ACDAB 61．weighing　62.that　63.them 64.researchers 65．what　66.easily　 67.An　68.brought 69.larger 70．had been 第一部分　听力原文 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 (Text 1) M：I need a vacation.I haven't had a day off in eight months.It's about time I did something fun. W：I agree.You've been working hard lately.Why don't we go to Mexico? I can get us a good deal on a hotel. (Text 2) W：I just spilled red wine on the carpet.Do you have any carpet cleaner? M：No，It just ran out.Get a paper towel and try to get the stain out with water and some salt.Hurry! (Text 3) W：Mark，please be quiet.We're in the middle of a test.If you need something，our teaching assistant Brittany is here to help you. M：Sorry，Mrs.Smith.Susie asked to borrow a pen，and I was just telling her I don't have an extra one. (Text 4) M：If you grab the towels，I'll get the sunglasses. W：Okay.Do you have everything else you need? A bathing suit? Your surfboard? M：Yes，everything's in the car already.I also packed some sandwiches in case we're hungry later. (Text 5) M：Indonesia opened its first international modern art museum in 2017.It's called the Museum MACAN，which is short for Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art in Nusantara. W：What does the word “nusantara” mean? M：It's an Indonesian term for a group of islands. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 (Text 6) M：Will we be home soon? W：We still have an hour left，Jamie.I know the car is hot，but there is nothing I can do about it.Your sister isn't complaining about it. M：That's because Meg is asleep.Besides，I'm not complaining.This shirt is just really uncomfortable.I just wanted to know how long I had to wear it. W：Well，I'm not going to drive any faster.Why don't you just try to go to sleep like your sister? M：I'm not tired at all.I will just try to read through this article. W：OK.But stop if you feel sick. 听第7段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 (Text 7) W：What is that thing？I've never seen a bicycle with more than one seat. M：It's called a tandem bicycle.I have seen versions with up to three seats.However，this one will just hold Mary and me. W：Wow! I can't imagine trying to ride it，let alone stopping with it.I bet you can go fast，though. M：I've heard that going fast is easier because it's heavy.Also，staying on the bike should be easier if we go faster.However，I think that we will be wearing a lot of safety equipment just in case.It may be difficult to stop. W：Well，please don't get hurt.I still have a mark from a bicycle accident I had long ago. M：Don't worry.We will take it easy.It will be fine because our town is flat. 听第8段材料，回答第 10至12题。 (Text 8) W：What Mr.Wells is looking for is a face for his brand，someone who has a large social media presence. M：What about a professional athlete？Maybe not a football star，but someone young and healthy? W：Well，you're the advertising expert.What sport would you suggest? M：A runner maybe，or tennis.Not a team sport.This product is designed to be used alone. W：Yes，but it needs to be someone nice.This is a family business.Our main buyers are mothers. M：Well，what we can do is draw up a list of names in your budget to take back to Mr.Wells. W：Money is no object.What I would like to see is some artwork. M：The advertisement might depend on the person you choose. W：Well，create one advertisement for each person you have in mind.Mr.Wells won't care who it is.He'll want to see something real. M：OK，I'll have our designer draw something up. 听第9段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 (Text 9) W：I was so embarrassed yesterday.I really thought that it was OK to accept the offer. M：Don't worry.You're not aware of our custom in this country. W：I still don't understand.What was the right thing to do? M：If you're offered a drink，you say no at first.Then the host asks again.It doesn't matter if it's the second or third time they ask.But after you say no to the first offer，it's OK to say yes when asked again. W：Oh no! I feel even more embarrassed now.Do your parents think I'm rude? M：They were surprised at first.But once I explained to them about what it's like in America，they both laughed.They understand now. W：Thanks.I would honestly be so sad if they didn't like me. M：That won't happen.They like you a lot.Not only did I tell them that you were at the top of our class，but I told them how good you are at soccer.My dad was very excited.He has a few awards in the sport. W：That's a relief. M：In fact，they wanted me to invite you to our holiday dinner. W：I'm afraid I'll be a bit late，but I will absolutely come after our school play.It is the only thing I have going on that day，but it's important.I was given the honor of acting in it，even though I'm just an exchange student. 听第10段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 (Text 10) Please be advised.The local weather authority has issued a warning from 8：00 p．m.today，Tuesday the 13th of August，until 8：00 a．m.tomorrow.Please stay inside your homes during this time，especially those near the ocean.Only travel using the roads during an absolute emergency.Even though this is a low-pressure storm，keep away from any windows in your home.Rain will continue to fall until the morning.However，it is the fast winds that people should be cautious of.Falling branches and flying objects could be very dangerous，even while inside.Boarding windows and doors with wood is not recommended.Blocking exits can make unnecessary trouble if emergencies happen.Turning off the power in your home is also a bad idea.It is best to keep informed by using the local weather channels.We will be broadcasting updates every 10 minutes.Communication can help aid fast action.If the power does go out，stay inside.Use a battery-operated radio if possible.Another option is to use your cell phone or computer to keep up with news in the area or for contacting neighbors.You can visit our website，www.weather.gov for more information，tips and a live weather map. 第二部分　阅读理解 第一节 A 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了让人大吃一惊的四个不同的地方，它们共同的特点是都非常炎热。 21．A　推理判断题。根据Death Valley, California, USA部分中的“As the driest place in the USA”可知 Death Valley是美国最干旱的地区；由此可知，这个地方很少下雨。 22．B　细节理解题。根据Death Valley, California, USA部分中的“it has reached 56.7℃ in 1913 and is considered to be a current record”，Kebili, Tunisia部分中的“Kebili is a desert town which has the highest temperature recorded at 55℃”，Wādī Halfā， Sudan部分中的“With an average temperature of 41℃， it still managed to make it to 53℃ in 1967.”以及Dasht-e Lut Desert, Iran部分中的“In the past 20 years, the temperatures of 70℃ have been recorded.”可知，有记载的最高温度是在伊朗的Dasht-e Lut 沙漠，达到70℃。 23．C　细节理解题。根据对四个地方的温度的介绍可知，这四个地区共同之处是它们都是地球上最热的地方。 B 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最近买了一本关于路标的书，以及从书中了解到关于路标的知识。 24．A　词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Recently I bought a book about signposts.”可猜测，画线单词“these”指的就是上文中提到的路标。 25．B　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，1697年通过的法案促成了路标最初的传播。 26．D　推理判断题。根据第六段内容可推知，露西对路标的看法是认为它是有帮助的。 27．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者从路标中学到了要有感恩的心。 C 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普杜大学的科学家们创造了世界上最白的涂料——这一发现不仅为“我们应该把这面墙涂成哪种白色”的困境增加了另一个选择，而且有助于解决气候危机。 28．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The paint was developed by Purdue mechanical engineering professor Xiulin Ruan and his team.It works through a passive cooling technology that offers great promises to reduce space cooling cost and global warming.”可知，关于涂料我们知道它是气候友好型的。 29．B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a Queens blackout in 2006，175，000 people were left without power, which led to 40 deaths.This paint could effectively be an alternative to air conditioners in some places.”可推知，提及皇后区停电事件是为了说明涂料的意义。 30．B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“The paint reflects 98.1%of solar radiation while also giving out infrared (红外线的) heat.Because the paint takes in less heat from the sun than it gives out, a surface coated with this paint is cooled below the surrounding temperature without using power.Covering a roof area of 1，000 square feet with the paint could create 10 kilowatts of cooling power, the researchers found.”可知，第四段主要谈论了涂料的功能方面的内容。 31．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“You can't buy the paint just yet, but researchers are partnering with a company to put the paint on the market.”可知，研究人员希望看到这种涂料在商业上的应用。 D 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。 32．A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场)．”可推知，ChatGPT对某种道德立场的回答不一致。 33．C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT's statements on their own moral judgments.”可知，参与者在不知不觉中受到了ChatGPT的影响。 34．D　段落大意题。最后一段主要讲解决聊天机器人影响人类道德判断力的方法。 35．D　标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Human responses to moral dilemmas can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports.”以及倒数第二段中“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT's statements on their own moral judgments.”并结合文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法可知，D选项最符合文章标题。 第二节 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何照顾一个伤心的人。 36．F　上文提到“知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是与生俱来的”，说明需要通过研究和实践获得，F选项中“This knowledge”对应上文“knowing how to care for a sad person”。故F选项“这些知识是通过研究和实践获得的”符合语境。 37．G　根据上文“Give a hug.Hugging someone shows your affection and care.”以及后文“This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.”可知，拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心，所以当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖。故G选项“当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖”承接上文，指出拥抱某人的好处，符合语境。 38．A　根据本段后文可知，本段主要讲对别人说一些暖心的话语，故A选项符合语境。 39．D　根据上文“Use the right tone of voice.”以及后文“They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.”可知，后文提到言语配合语气向听者传达意思，说明不是孤立的，D选项中“words”对应后文“They”。故D选项符合语境。 40．E　根据上文“After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time.”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明倾听的作用：帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助，故E选项符合语境。 第三部分　语言知识运用 第一节 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者和院子里种的黑核桃树的点滴生活故事，提醒人们要接受而不是抵抗。 41．D　根据下文“as baseballs put your head at risk”可知，黑核桃树上落下的果实像棒球一样坚硬。hard意为“硬的，坚硬的”，符合语境。 42．B　根据语境及下文“while dining in the garden beginning in early August”可知，这个季节会有果子落下，作者他们在花园里用餐时，庭院伞是必不可少的。must意为“必不可少的东西”，符合语境。 43．C　根据上文“because of the amount of fruit this season”及下文“my helmet while working in the garden”可知，这个季节会有果子落下，所以在花园工作时要戴上头盔，以防被坚硬的果子砸到头。wear意为“穿；戴”，符合语境。 44．A　根据下文“which is poisonous to several common plants”及“but they all failed to grow well”可知，黑核桃树会产生一种对其他常见的几种植物有毒的化学物质，使它们不能生长好，与其竞争。competitive意为“有竞争力的”，符合语境。 45．A　根据下文“that the walnut would__46__accept them”可知，作者希望黑核桃树能接受其他植物。hope意为“希望”，符合语境。 46．C　根据下文“but they all failed to grow well”可知，作者希望黑核桃树有可能接受其他新植物。possibly意为“可能”，符合语境。 47．B　根据下文“They are important to have around since they provide beneficial pollinators (传粉者) like birds，bees and butterflies with seeds and__48___to a healthy environment.”可知，此处在介绍本土植物的作用。work意为“起作用”，符合语境。 48．C　根据上文“they provide beneficial pollinators (传粉者) like birds，bees and butterflies with seeds”可知，这些都是对健康的环境有益的东西。contribute意为“贡献”，contribute to意为“有助于”，符合语境。relate to与……有关；adapt to适应；stick to坚持。 49．D　根据上文“Native plants for this area are generally easy to grow”可知，在这个地区本地植物通常易于生长，因此和其他植物竞争的压力较小。stress意为“压力”，符合语境。 50．C　根据上文“getting rid of”及下文“removing this tree”可知，此处指作者是否想过处理掉后院的黑核桃树，因为这棵树对作者来说是巨大的烦恼。pain意为“烦恼”，符合语境。 51．A　根据上文“Have I thought of getting rid of this giant__50___ in my backyard？”和下文“removing this tree standing at 50 feet is next to impossible”可知，作者想过要移除黑核桃树，但是又不可能做到，所以上下文之间是转折关系。however意为“然而”，符合语境。 52．B　根据下文“Trees are important to the urban forest and for all of those that live in it.”可知，树木保护人类，也包括作者。protect意为“保护”，符合语境。 53．D　根据下文“for keeping our environment balanced”可知，树木对保持环境平衡来说是必不可少的。necessary意为“必不可少的”，符合语境。 54．B　根据下文“I can't__55__ a spring without the birds”可知，作者有时候会考虑没有黑核桃树的生活。think about意为“考虑”，符合语境。live through经历；focus on集中；call for需要。 55．D　根据上文“Sometimes，I__54__ my life without the black walnut.”及“I can't”可知，作者无法想象没有黑核桃树的生活。imagine意为“想象”，符合语境。 56．A　根据上文“as I look up into its leaves”和下文“threaten to fall”可知，此处指在黑核桃树的果实掉落前。nut意为“坚果”，符合语境。 57．C　根据下文“What are the chances of being knocked__58__ while barbecuing？”可知，作者在思考春天有什么。hold意为“包含”，符合语境。 58．D　根据下文“while barbecuing”及语境可知，此处指作者在思考烧烤的时候被黑核桃树上落下的果子击昏的几率有多大。unconscious意为“无意识的”，符合语境。unbearable无法容忍的；unbelievable难以置信的；unable无能为力。 59．A　根据上文“so I'll listen to its needs and give it the space”可知，作者会倾听黑核桃树的需求，给它所需的空间。require意为“需要，要求”，符合语境。 60．B　根据下文“instead of resistance”可知，此处指的是要接受，而不是抵抗。acceptance意为“接受”，符合语境。 第二节 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲸鱼体积逐渐变大的原因。 61．weighing　考查现在分词。动词weigh“重量为”与主语whale“鲸鱼”为主谓关系，故使用现在分词形式作后置定语。 62．that　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是animal，关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词前有形容词最高级修饰，应用关系代词that。 63．them　考查代词的宾格。空处作动词see的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式，故填them。 64．researchers　考查名词复数。researcher“研究人员”，可数名词，other后接可数名词的复数形式，表示“其他的研究人员”，故填researchers。 65．what　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，believe后是省略that的宾语从句，空处引导主语从句，引导词在主语从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。 66．easily　考查副词。此处应用副词形式easily，修饰后面的形容词available“可获得的”。 67．An　考查不定冠词。age在句中用作可数名词，此处泛指“即将到来的冰河时代”，应用不定冠词，且oncoming发音以元音音素开头，应用an，首字母应大写。 68．brought　考查一般过去时。此处是and连接的并列谓语动词，句子是一般过去时，空处应和made保持一致，用动词过去式，故填brought。 69．larger　考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，吃得多的鲸鱼存活下来，体型变得更大，而且前文一直探讨的是体积的变大，故此处应该使用形容词比较级。 70．had been　考查过去完成时。结合句意可知，此处be表示的动作发生在动词“grew”之前，表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。 第四部分　写作 第一节 With the development of the network, distance learning is gaining in .People's opinions about it from one to another.In my opinion, it won't replace traditional learning.Firstly, it isn't for students who prefer direct communication with teachers.What's ， studying online too long will do harm to students' eyes.However, it is its flexibility in time and place benefits teaching and learning.Also, it releases teachers from the same contents since the video or audio materials can played repeatedly.So it is effective addition to traditional learning. Briefly, the combination of distance learning and traditional learning can help students realize their potential when into practice. 第二节 【参考范文】 Science_and_Technology_Influence_Our_Life Science and technology have been deeply influencing both our life and study.Take our school for instance.Now there are several HD-cameras monitoring the whole campus in case of emergency or school bullying.At meal time, we can watch TV news in the dinning hall, learning the latest international and domestic events.Not only can our teachers use multimedia equipment to make their classes more lively, but also they can mark papers on the computer, which enormously improves the efficiency of paper-scoring. In addition, in our daily life we can do plenty of things conveniently, such as paying by Alipay, getting food by online platforms, going to school by shared bike and so on. In a word, it is the development of science and technology that makes such a comfortable and convenient life available to us. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$