2025年中考英语作文技巧课件

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中考英语作文技巧 12技巧 1.用好词汇 2.写好句子 3.写好开头 4.写好结尾 5.过渡自然 6.学会扩句 7.化繁为简 12. 8.巧用短语 9. 10. 11. 一.用好词汇 1.措辞要遵循习惯 语言是交流的工具,我们只有用那些通用的、流行的、合乎语言习惯的词汇来表达信息,人们才会觉得顺耳,否则就会显得生硬、难懂。 例如: ① We rise early every day. ② We get up early every day. 2.选词要确切达意 词义是指词所表达的含义。要想用词贴切,准确地表达思想,就应熟练地掌握每个词汇的确切含义。尤其要注意英语中的同义词和近义词,使用不当就容易出错。 例如: ①He is very tall. ② He is very high. 3.用词要简明扼要 我们在选词时要尽量做到“宁用常用词,不用偏僻词;宁用具体词,不用抽象词;宁用单个词,不用累赘词”。   例如:   ①His name is called Tom.   ② His name is Tom. 二.写好句子 写好每个句子是写好整篇文章的关键。中考英语书面表达大都是引导性写作,只要能准确地表达出所给的图画、表格、提纲等中的提示性内容,就是一个好句子。以下是写好英语句子的六大方法。 1.直译法 这是英语写作最常用的方法。同学们在掌握了一定的词汇之后,结合一定的语法知识,按照句子的结构特点,直接用英语写出相应的句式即可。例如: 【提示】他不喜欢踢足球。 2.分解法 就是把一个句子分解成两个或两个以上的句子。这样还可以减少写错句子的可能。例如: 【提示】在各地来的学生中,有许多是北方人。 3.合并法 就是把两个或两个以上的简单句合并成一个复合句或较复杂的简单句。运用这种方法能提高文章的可读性。例如: 【提示】我们迷路了,这使我们的野营旅行变成了一次冒险。 【表达】He doesn't like playing football./He dislikes playing football. 【表达】Students here are from all over the country.Many of them are from the North. 【表达】Our camping trip turned into an adventure when we got lost. 4.删减法 就是在写英语句子时,删掉或省略相应汉语句子里的某些词、短语或重复的成分。例如: 【提示】这台打字机真是物美价廉。 5.移位法 由于英、汉在表达习惯上存在差异,所以在英语表达中,根据实际的需要, 某些成分需要前置或后置,如不定式、介词短语、定语从句。例如: 【提示】他发现学好英语很容易。 注:it在此为形式宾语,真正的宾语是句末的不定式to learn English well。 【表达】This typewriter is very fine and cheap indeed. 【表达】He found it easy to learn English well. 6.分析法  就是根据要表达的汉语意思,通过语法分析和句式判断,然后写出准确地道的英语句子。例如:  【提示】我没有见过他,所以说不出他的模样。   三.写好开头   1.开门见山,直接点题 这种方法在记叙文和议论文中较为常用,即在开头将这篇文章所要说明的主题直接表达出来。比如在写“Introduce Myself”或“Myself”等介绍自己的文章时,往往可直接点题。例如:   My name is Joan. I study in No.4 Middle School. I am in Class One,... 【表达】I haven't met him before, so I cannot tell you what he looks like. 2.设问开头,引人注意 这种方法较为新颖、独到,有时也能引人深思。例如: Do you know me? My name is Li Ming.My English name is John... 3.开头描述或解释主题 这种方法在说明文中较为常用。 例如:Computer is a wonderful machine.It's a great inventio in many years.It develops very quickly... 4.开头点明时间或地点 这种方法多用于记叙文。文章一开头便可直接介绍事件发生的时间、地点,也可点明人物,便于读者了解文章的主要内容。例如: Yesterday,February 25,was a happy day for me.. 四.写好结尾 1.呼应开头 结尾和开头相互照应,可使整篇文章的结构更严谨、周密。例如: 开头:Yesterday,February 25,was a happy day for me.. 结尾:I was very happy all day. 2.总结全文 这种结尾方法一般适用于记叙文。例如: 开头:Li Mei is our English teacher... 结尾:She teaches well. We all love her. 3.提出结论 这种结尾方法一般适用于记叙文或议论文。例如: 开头:It was fine today. I went to the Great Wall with my classmates... 结尾:We had a very nice time.And we learned a lot. 五.过渡自然 一篇好的书面表达,要行文流畅连贯,具备“逻辑美”。而在文中使用一些具有过渡性作用的连词、副词和短语等,可以使文章条理清晰、衔接自然、逻辑严密。以下是英文写作中常用的过渡性语句的使用策略及其归纳。1.过渡性语句的使用策略 (1)并列连词(短语)连接句子并列连词用于把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来,且各个分句之间存在着一定的逻辑关系。巧用并列连词能够使文章更自然,常用的并列连词有and、but、or、so等。 ①and,表并列或顺承。例如: I cooked lunch. I made a cake. →I cooked lunch and made a cake. ②but,表转折。例如: I love the book. The book is too expensive. →I love the book but it is too expensive. ③so,表因果。例如: He got up late.He missed the train. →He got up late, so he missed the train. ④or,表选择。例如: Can you play the drums? Can you play the guitar? →Can you play the drums or play the guitar? ⑤常见的并列连词短语有: Both Jim and Jack are tall. In her spare time,she either swims or runs. I like neither sports nor music. I can not only draw but also sing. (2)添加成分拓展句子 不少同学在写作时感到词乏,若此时能巧妙地添加一些副词或短语,来拓展所要表达的句子,就会使文章内容变得更加清晰和充实。例如: ①I like sports.[一般表达] → I like sports, especially swimming and playing basketball.[加分表达] ② Jack is good at English.[一般表达] →Jack is good at English. For example,he can talk with foreigners in English freely.[加分表达] (3)使用语句过渡句子 除了连接两个句子和拓展句子之外,我们还可以使用一些插入语等具有过渡性作用的语句来连接上下文,使行文连贯,达到承上启下、前后呼应的效果,这能体现作者清晰的思路。 典例分析: 我们的班长是个好女孩。她学习努力,各门功课优秀。她喜欢体育运动,积极参加学校的运动会。她还乐于助人。她给我们树立了好榜样。 Our monitor is a good girl. She studies very hard. She is good at all the subjects. She likes sports. She takes an active part in the school sports meets.She is always ready to help others. She has set us a good example.[一般表达] →As you know, our monitor is a good girl. She studies very hard so that she is good at all the subjects. What's more,she likes sports. She takes an active part in the school sports meets.In addition,she is always ready to help others.In aword, she has set us a good example. 常用过渡性语句的归纳 (1)表示“顺序” first of all,next,lastly(at last/in the end) 首先;其次,接下来;最后 firstly,secondly,thirdly 第一;第二;第三 and then 于是 both...and... ······和······(两者都)······ not only... but also... 不但······而且······ as well as 也,又,和,及 either...or... 或者······或者······ neither...nor... 既不······也不······ with 和,跟,同 together with 和,连同 along with... 连······一起,随同······一起 (2)表示“并列” and 和,并,然后,接着 (3)表示“递进” what's more (and) 而且,此外 also/too 也,同样,而且 in other words 换句话说,换言之 in this case 在这种情况下, 既然这样 anyway 无论如何 or other 或者说 (4)表示“解释和转换话题” that is (to say) 即,也就是说 in other words 换句话说 by the way 顺便说 I am afraid... 我恐怕······ in my opinion 依我看来 in fact 事实上 after that 在那以后,然后 later 稍后,后来 soon 不久,立刻,很快 shortly after 稍后,随后 finally / at last/in the end 终于,最后 in no time 立刻 since then 从那以后 after a while 过了一会儿 at once 立刻,马上 during 在······期间 at the same time 同时 until now 直到现在 suddenly 突然 as early as... 早在······ the other day 前几天 (四)表时间 (6)表示“对比和比较” like 像,如同 unlike 不像······, 和······不同 in the same way 同样地 while 而 still 依然,然而 on the one hand...on the other hand... 一方面······ 另一方面······ (7)表示“因果” because 因为 since 既然 as 因为 because of 因为 thanks to 由于 so that 所以 so/such...that... 如此······ 以至于······ in order to 为了 SO 因此,所以,那么,这样看来 (8)表示“条件和让步” if 如果,要是,即使 unless 如果不,除非 once 一旦 as long as 只要 though/although 虽然,尽管 (9)表示“转折” but 但是,然而 however 然而,可是,不管用何种方法 still 尽管如此,依然 at the same time 同时 (10)表示“总结” in a / one word 总之,简而言之,概括地说 in short/in a few words 简而言之,简单扼要地 on the whole 大体上,基本上 SO 所以,那么,这样看来 It is clear that... ··.···是显而易见的 There is no doubt that... ······是毫无疑问的 It is well-known that... 众所周知······ as we all know 大家都知道 六.学会扩句 英语书面表达不是简单地翻译要点,而是要学会根据要点进行扩句,适当发挥。 1.在名词前面加一个或多个形容词。 例如: ①She is a teacher. →She is a kind, patient and knowledgeable English teacher. 2.在名词后加上同位语或定语从句。例如: ① We should master English. → We students should master English,the most widely used foreign language in the world. 3.在“助动词/系动词/情态动词之后,实义动词之前”加副词。例如: ①I love playing soccer. → I really / undoubtedy love playing soccer. 4.添加并列的动词。例如: You should understand your mom. → You should understand,love,and respect your mom. 七.化繁为简 中考英语书面表达以简单句为主,因此考生要学会构造简单句,抓住得分点。 书面表达常用的五种简单句句型: (1)主语+谓语 The sun was shining. 主语 谓语 (2)主语+谓语+宾语   She likes English.   主语 谓语 宾语 (3)主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 I find learning English difficult. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 (4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 They told me the story. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 (5)主语+系动词+表语 He is tall. 主语 系动词 表语 八.巧用短语 巧用亮点短语,尽可能使用多种表达方式。例如:同一个意思“帮助”,假如只用一个动词help,就显得词汇贫乏。如果能在作文中不断地变换方式,用give sb.a hand、do sb.a favor 等来表达“帮助”,句子将更加灵活生动。 可利用不定式短语、介词短语或形容词短语等来增加句子的句式,从而使句子的表达更加多样化。 (1)利用不定式短语。例如: My parents encouraged me. They told me to believe in myself. → My parents encouraged me to believe in myself. (2)利用介词短语。例如: You can write well by reading more. → You should read more in order to write well. (3)利用形容词短语。例如: We got to school after a three-hour trip,tired but happy. 九.句型多样 中考英语书面表达可以适当使用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句及感叹句,或强调句、倒装句、状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句来增加句子多样性。中考英语书面表达不能只有简单句,要适当运用复合句,这是加分的亮点句式。 中考英语书面表达有十大加分句型。 句型一:分词作状语 分词作状语可以用来替代时间、条件、原因等状语从句,让文章显得更加简洁,同时也显得考生的英语功底更加深厚。分词作状语的用法:当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一样时,可直接省略从句的主语,并把从句的谓语改成分词(主动语态改成现在分词,被动语态改成过去分词),从而构成分词作状语的结构。例如: ① When I saw Dad working so hard, I could not help bursting into tears. →Seeing Dad working so hard, I could not help bursting into tears.  ② Because I was moved by the kids in Wenchuan, I decided to donate all my money to them. → Moved by the kids in WVenchuan,I decided to donate all my money to them. 句型二:状语从句 在复合句中,用作状语的从句叫状语从句。常见的状语从句:时间状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句。 (1)时间状语从句引导词:while、when、since、before、after、until/till、as soon as等。 例如:When I got to school, itwas raining. (2)让步状语从句引导词: though/although、even though/if、whatever、whenever等。 例如:Though/Although he was ill,he still came to school. (3)条件状语从句引导词:if、unless、as long as等。 例如:If you come,we will be very happy. 句型三:副词提前 副词提前是中考英语写作中一个非常好的做法,它可以在作者还没有说出具体的事件时,将其内心的想法表达出来,具有增强情感效果、让文章结构更加清晰的作用。我们常用的firstly、secondly、finally、besides、furthermore等所谓的“逻辑词”都属于这一类型。例如: ① Obvously,one of the best ways to keep healthy is to do sports. 显然,保持健康最好的方法之一是做运动。 句型四:动名词作主语 动名词作主语是比较简单的一种加分句型,非常容易掌握。例如: ① Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 句型五:强调句 强调句的规律性极强,是中考英语写作中非常好用的一种高级句型,具有增强文章感情色彩的作用。强调句型的基本模式:It is/was+强调的部分+that/who+句子中剩余的部分。例如: 原本我们想写的句子:Eric found a beautiful vase in the cave. 要强调主语Eric,则为:It was Eric that/who found a beautiful vase in the cave. 句型六:同位语或同位语从句 合理使用同位语从句,尤其是和排比句一起使用的时候,其产生的效果是非 常能够打动阅卷老师的。 同位语从句的基本结构:抽象名词+that+抽象名词的内容(从句)。主句剩余部分或在前,或在后。例如: ① The fact is clear that our planet is becoming warmer and warmer. 很显然,我们的地球正在变得越来越暖。 句型七:巧用 as as含义丰富,巧用as能够让作文更加精彩。例如: ① As winter comes, more and more leaves fall off the trees,yellow and sad.随着冬天的来临,越来越多透着伤感的黄叶从树上落下。 [as的用法] ①当,随着 as time goes by 随着时间的流逝 ②作为 regard A as B把A当作B as a result 结果是······ ③正如,就像  as we all know / as everyone knows 正如大家都知道的 as is known to all/us 众所周知 as the saying goes 就像谚语说的 ④因为 as+句子,表原因 ⑤比较 as...as it used to 和过去一样······ 句型八:宾语从句 宾语从句是一种名词性从句,指在复合句中作及物动词、介词及某些形容词(如glad、sorry、sure、happy、afraid等)的宾语的分句。宾语从句必须是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他部分”。常见的连接词有that、if/whether、what、when、where、how、who等。 1.正确使用宾语从句,必须注意的几个问题 (1)时态 当宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、普遍真理或引用格言、谚语时,无论主句用什么时态,从句都要用一般现在时。 例如:  He said that light travels much faster than sound.  他说光比声音传播得更快。 (2)否定前移 当主句的谓语为suppose、believe、think、guess等动词且主语为第一人称时,从句若表示否定,一般要将否定词not转移到主句的谓语之前。 例如: I don't think that he will come this evening.我想他今晚不会来。【注意】从句时态不是一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时,否定不转移。 句型九:定语从句 在中考英语写作中正确使用定语从句能够提高作文的文采。例如:  ① The man, who is called Father by me,is trying to ensure us a better life with all his effort. 那个被我称作父亲的人,正在竭尽全力为我们提供更好的生活。 句型十:倒装句 (1)Not only...but also...倒装 句式:Not only+一般疑问语序,but (also)+陈述语序 例句: ① Not only did we play basketball together,but we also talked for a while.我们不仅一起打了篮球,还聊了一会儿。 十.恰当使用被动语态 在中考英语书面表达中恰当使用被动语态,可以增加语法结构的多样性,给文章添彩。 1.使用被动语态,需要注意的几个问题 (1)不及物动词(短语)及由及物动词转化而来的不及物动词,如happen、take place、belong to、cost、fit、arrive、take part in、die、come、go、fall、sell、write等没有被动语态,常用主动形式表被动。例如: ① Great changes have taken place in China in the past 30 years. 在过去30年里中国发生了巨大的变化。 (2)一些动词作系动词使用时,如look、feel、taste、sound、smell、prove等,要使用其主动形式表示被动意义。例如: The food tastes very delicious. 食物尝起来很好吃。 (3)使役动词和感官动词,如let、make、have、see、watch、hear、feel、notice等,后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时省略了to,但变为被动句时则要还原上to。例如:  The boss made us work ten hours a day. → We were made to work ten hours a day (by the boss). 老板让我们每天工作10个小时。 (4)带双宾语的动词,如give、pass、show、buy、borrow、make等动词的被动语态,通常把间接宾语(人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(物)仍保留在谓语之后;有些则把指物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,而间接宾语(指人)则要在其前面加相应的介词to或for。例如: ①My mother gave me a book. 我妈妈给了我一本书。 →I was given a book (by my mother). → A book was given to me (by my mother). (5)动词短语变为被动语态时,要把这些短语看成一个整体(相当于一个动词),不能漏掉其中的介词或副词。例如: ① We should speak to old people politely. 我们应该有礼貌地和老人说话。 → Old people should be spoken to politely (by us). 2.熟记下列短语 be made of 由······制成(可以看出原材料) be made from 由······制成(看不出原材料) be made in 在某地生产制造 be made by 被某人制造 be made into 被制成······ be made up of 由······组成 be made with 用······工具制成 be used to do sth.被用来做某事 be used for doing sth.被用来做某事 be used by sb.被某人使用 used to do sth.过去常常做某事 be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 十一.另辟蹊路 如果遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达,可采用变通的办法,在保持原意的基础上,用不同的表达方式写出来。 1.替换词/短语   know understand 理解 get a better understanding of 更好地理解   should had better 最好be supposed to 应该 Why not...?为什么不······?     good positive 积极的;正面的attractive 有吸引力的excellent 优秀的outstanding 出色的terrific 极好的fantastic 极好的 promising 有希望的;有前途的 perfect 完美的   bad negative 消极的;负面的poor 可怜的heart breaking 令人心碎的harmful 有害的terrible 糟糕的 many a number of+可数名词 several a couple of 几个;两个;两三个   very extremely 极其 unusually 不寻常地 surprisingly 惊人地 really undoubtedly 毫无疑问absolutely绝对   obviously As we all know... 我们都知道······ It is widely known that...众所周知······ 2.一句多译 考生应学会扬长避短,用不同的英语句子来表达同一汉语意思。下面我们 举例说明英语中的“一句多译”现象: ①这本字典花了我50元钱。 The dictionary cost me ¥50. I spent ¥50 on the dictionary. I spent ¥50 in buying the dictionary. I paid ¥50 for the dictionary. I bought the dictionary for ¥50. 3.常用功能结构和句型 (1)提建议 had better(not)do 最好(不)做 How about/What about doing...?······怎么样? I think you should do... 我认为你应该做······ I suggest that you should do... 我建议你做······ If I were you,I would do... 我要是你的话,我会做······ It's best to do...最好做······ Why not do /Why don't you do...? 为什么不做······? (2)表示喜欢和感兴趣 like/love/ enjoy/ be fond of喜欢做······ prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A也不愿做B be interested in doing sth.=show take an interest in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣 (3)努力做······ try to do...努力做······ try one's best to do... = do one's best to do...竭尽全力做······ make efforts to do...= make every effort to do...尽力做······ spare no effort to do...不遗余力地做······ (4)打算做······/计划做······  intend/plan to do...打算做······ be going to do...打算/计划做······ decide to do...决定做······ make up one's mind to do...下定决心做······ (5)表示想/希望 want to do... = would like to do...想做······ hope/wish to do...希望做······ expect to do...期待着做······ consider doing...考虑做······ (6)其他 keep/stop/prevent sb.from doing...阻止某人做······ be busy (in)doing/be busy with+名词 忙于做······ spend time /money (in) doing=spendtime/money on+名词 花费时间/金钱做  have fun/have a good time / enjoy oneself doing 玩得开心 have trouble / problem / difficulty (in) doing做······有困难 十二.加分谚语 1.勤奋、意志与成功 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成。 No pain,no gain.没有付出就没有收获。 2.学习方法与态度 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 It is neve too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。 3.健康与心态 An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果,医生远离我。 Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作,不玩耍聪明小伙也变傻。 4.品行与操守 Honesty is the best policy.诚实为上。 Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.要人尊敬,必须自重。 5.金钱与财富 Gold will not buy anything. 黄金不能买尽一切。 6.珍惜时光 Time flies.光阴似箭。 Time and tide wait for no man.时不我待。 Time is money.时间就是金钱。 Time lost cannot be won again.时光一去不复返。 7.择友与友谊 Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚,人以群分。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。 Keep good men company and you shall be of the number. 近朱者赤,近墨者黑。 8.常理与法则 A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。 Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事,今日毕。 Facts speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。 Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。 Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 Still water runs deep.静水流深。 Strike the iron while it is hot.趁热打铁。 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。 Look before you leap.三思而后行。 More haste,less speed.欲速则不达。 The early bird catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。 It is no use crying over spilt mlk.覆水难收。 It is the first step that is troublesome 万事开头难。 thank you! $$

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