考题猜想02 阅读理解 记叙文培优专练20篇-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版）

2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 考题猜想02 阅读理解-记叙文培优专练20篇 原卷版 满分策略 一、阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”。 二、阅读理解记叙文重视首尾段作用，尤其是标题概括题和写作意图题。 三、猜词词义题注意运用“代入法”“排除法”从逻辑性和褒贬性出发。 四、文章寓意题选项字面意思和言外之意与文章主旨结合，去伪存真。 五、形容词适配题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词，确定最佳答案。 六、标题概括题既要注意文章线索“点睛”作用，还要注意首尾段呼应， 尤其是尾段主旨升华。记叙文标题兼具概括性、新颖性和针对性。 七、满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 Passage 01 （24-25高二上·福建福州·期末）Decades ago, my friend Caetlin received a special assignment from the poet Robert L. Hass, who instructed each student to memorize three poems of their choosing from The Norton Anthology of American Literature—not for any urgent exam reason, he claimed, but instead to prepare them for their unavoidable future occasions when you’re going to be alone, and poetry is going to be all you have. If the task was as a strange one, it’s because the act of memorizing a poem feels curiously old-fashioned in an era when few of us encounter poetry at all. When I was in graduate school, working toward a degree in English literature, I mostly limited myself to essays. It was only in my 40s that I began to change my ways. It happened in a flight to Seattle. For hours, I read nothing else but a poem. Sometimes I spoke its lines aloud, my voice masked by the airplane’s thrum. Sometimes I went through the whole poem at once, and sometimes I repeated a single stanza (诗节) over and over, and by the time my plane landed on the West Coast, I had the whole thing, all 40 lines of it, in my head. Because the process is as simple as it is very boring, memorizing a great poem always begins as a crime. The boredom of repetition reduces the great charm it has. But as you run your hands through the rock, the lines at last come together again, and the scattered text transforms back into a treasure. In other words, poetry survives continuously by becoming a part of those who read it. It can do so only because it is so specific, so entirely different from us, that taking it in expands our own sense of what we are. Some of the poems I’ve memorized are already fading, and that’s fine. I know that if I spend a little time with them, they’ll sing in me again. Others keep beating in me like a new pulse. I won’t promise you that memorizing poetry will make your life better, but it will make you more: more in touch with language, with other minds, maybe with what you might yet become. 1．Why did Robert L. Hass advise students to read poems? A．To become literature professors. B．To prepare for the coming exams. C．To compose more original poems. D．To relieve their future loneliness. 2．Why does the author say that memorizing a poem begins as a crime? A．It’s out of date to recite poems. B．Repetition wastes a lot of time. C．Repetition ruins the poem’s beauty. D．It’s a shame to read poems on plane. 3．How does understanding poetry influence us? A．By broadening self-understanding. B．By refreshing our good memories. C．By helping us survive the hard life. D．By reminding us to forget the past. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards memorizing poetry in the last paragraph? A．Doubtful. B．Reserved. C．Appreciative. D．Critical. Passage 02 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）We’ve seen the images of destruction, ruins and flooding left behind from Hurricane Helene. But other images also came out of the storm: family photos. After the deadly hurricane in October, Taylor Schenker found herself with about 200 family photos that didn’t belong to her. It started after the storm. Schenker’s house weathered Helene well, but she said her friend’s entire home was destroyed by flood. Schenker and her friend went for walk to check out the home, which was one of the many local homes that was destroyed. “We spent about four hours digging through the ruins, looking for my friend’s belongings,” Schenker told CBS News last month. “And during the search, I found five photographs. We laid out the photos along the river bank, hoping they would be reunited with their owners.” Schenker later uploaded the photos online. She said she found about 100 photos herself, but picked up about another 100 from others who found them, including search and rescue teams. To date, she has reunited around 15% of the photos with their owners. She still adds new photos to Instagram daily. Each reunion is a heartwarming reminder that what she’s doing is important. “I’m grateful for being able to do this. When you hand something so special to somebody and then give them a hug — it’s such a privilege,” she said. Schenker mails photos to people who are no longer in the area, but she also hand delivers the ones that belong to families who stayed close by. In one case, a college-aged son found his family’s photos on her Instagram, reached out to Schenker and connected her with his mom. “We have now found five photos of this one family, of these two sons, and when I met with the mom to reunite the photos, she shared that one of her sons had actually passed,” Schenker said. “And so, when they lost their home, they lost all memory of this child, which is absolutely devastating in addition to the disaster that has already happened.” She said she recently went for another so-called photo walk — where she dug through ruins to find images — and recognized the woman’s late son in yet another photo. 1．What do we know about Taylor Schenker? A．Her home was destroyed by hurricane Helene. B．She looked for missing photos for a living. C．She helped many hurricane survivors by collecting photos. D．She was known for reuniting people with their missing families. 2．What does the underlined word ones in paragraph 6 refer to? A．Families. B．Photos. C．Mails. D．Lives. 3．The author proves the importance of Schenker’s efforts by all the following EXCEPT ________. A．making comparisons B．providing data C．quoting comments D．giving examples 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Families reunited on social media B．Looking into the ruins for hope C．Hurricane torn down millions of homes D．A special reunion after the storm Passage 03 （24-25高二上·浙江绍兴·期末）Takanori Kobayashi, a 23-year-old from Japan, has had a strong connection with Peking Opera since his childhood. His fascination with Chinese history began in his early childhood, influenced by Japanese manga (漫画), especially works like Romance of the Three Kingdoms. These stories made him curious about Chinese culture and led him to search for related videos online. At 14, Kobayashi came across a video of a historical Peking Opera, The Battle of Red Cliffs. Although he didn’t understand the language, he was captivated by the costumes, makeup, and music. At 17, he found a website for the Shincyo Theater, a Peking Opera troupe (巡演) in Tokyo founded by Zhang Chunxiang, a Beijing-born artist, who had moved to Japan in the 1980s and founded the Shincyo Theater to promote Peking Opera in Japan. Kobayashi emailed the theater, sharing with Zhang his passion for Peking Opera, and his desire to join the troupe. Zhang was impressed by his passion. At 18, Kobayashi moved to Tokyo to attend Chuo University, majoring in Chinese language and culture, while attending Zhang’ s Peking Opera classes every Saturday. Zhang teaches his students by explaining the movements of Peking Opera in simple Japanese. Kobayashi, who enjoys playing civil roles, listens to famous performances to learn the music and get a sense of the roles. He works with Zhang to improve his performance. Years of hard work paid off. In 2020, Kobayashi finally got the chance and debuted in a small painted-face role in Wild Boar Forest, one of Shincyo Theater’s productions, which got well-received. After graduation, Kobayashi worked for a company in cosmetics, but he still studies Peking Opera in his free time and occasionally performs with Shincyo Theater. “Becoming a professional Peking Opera performer in Japan is difficult and might not be practical as a long-term career. In China, performers usually start training at four or five, whereas I began close to 20. Even so, I’d still like to pursue it professionally and give it my best shot,” said Kobayashi. 1．What sparked Kobayashi’s initial interest in Chinese history and culture? A．School lessons related to China. B．A visit to the Shincyo Theater. C．Chinese tales told in Japanese comic. D．A video of a historical Peking Opera. 2．Which of the following words can best describe Kobayashi? A．Optimistic and considerate. B．Persistent and diligent. C．Energetic and determined. D．Creative and passionate. 3．What does the underlined word “debuted” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Played a leading role. B．Painted a facial makeup. C．Performed for the first time. D．Conquered the stage fright. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．He has to quit owing to starting late. B．He will keep informed and practise occasionally. C．He is willing to give it a shot despite the difficulties. D．He tries to be a professional Peking Opera performer. Passage 04 （24-25高二上·江苏宿迁·期末）In the heart of Yorkshire, Glen Williams’ work connects with the everyday experiences of the working class. His artistic journey began in the 1970s, shaped by the industrial landscape and the lives of those around him. Glen’s story speaks to art lovers, especially those who have walked similar paths, as he brings a deep understanding of community and resilience to his work. Growing up in a working-class family, he liked to go to school. Art was the very subject that truly excited him and he remembered searching for “any piece of paper or card” to create sculptures, often using the backs of envelopes and cardboard boxes. This resourcefulness remains with him and he continues to include abandoned materials in his art, showing his commitment to sustainability. His journey as an artist was not always easy. “I didn’t really pick up a paint brush for the next 40 years,” he revealed, as life’s responsibilities, like work and family, took over. Ultimately, he returned to painting while suffering from mental illness. Glen found it very therapeutic (有疗效的) to draw what he was experiencing. He passionately advocated for art therapy, stating, “I think there should be a lot more made of it in society,” stressing the need for creative outlets in mental health. Growing up in South Yorkshire, Glen lived in a community of miners and steelworkers. “Working-class people feature heavily throughout my work,” he noted, recalling school trips to coal mines and steelworks. This rich background shapes his paintings, which often show the daily lives and struggles of these individuals. He captures their dignity and spirit, inviting viewers to connect with their stories. His recent exhibition at Huddersfield Art Gallery highlights his focus on people and community. Through his art, Glen invites viewers to reflect on their own memories and experiences, creating a connection that celebrates shared humanity. 1．What influenced Glen Williams’ artistic journey? A．Art lovers. B．Economic growth. C．His education. D．His growth background. 2．Why did Glen Williams search for “any piece of paper or card” to create sculptures? A．Because of his passion for art. B．Because of his family’s support. C．Because of its desirable features. D．Because of environmental worries. 3．Why did Glen Williams return to painting? A．To advocate art. B．To avoid responsibility. C．To pursue a dream. D．To seek mental comfort. 4．What do we know about Glen Williams’ art? A．It helps relate to the working class. B．It shows the heavy work for workers. C．It conveys his dissatisfaction with life. D．It unlocks viewers’ memories of the past. Passage 05 （24-25高二上·江苏苏州·期末）Driving home from work, Will spotted a For Sale sign on the last remaining farm in the city of Milwaukee. An idea flashed through Will’s head. He could grow food here. Most people in the neighborhood were not eating well. “Folks were living in what I call a food desert,” Will says, “I knew I had to do something, because you can’t have a healthy community without healthy food.” Will hired some neighborhood teenagers to help him get started. They “grew” new soil by composting, which means collecting food waste and piling it up until it breaks down and turns into soil. Then they made good natural fertilizer (肥料) before starting growing food. Today, Growing Power Community Food Center is growing enough food to feed people in the neighborhood. In the winter, the compost gives off enough heat to keep the greenhouses warm as it breaks down into soil. Goats, chickens, and turkeys live behind the greenhouses. Red-eyed fish are swimming in aquariums (水族箱) at the center of the greenhouses. The fish are for eating, but they also help the plants grow. The water they swim in, enriched by the fish droppings, is channeled toward the pots containing vegetables. Then it is cleaned by other plants, and returned to the fish tank as pure water. “We don’t waste anything here,” Will says. “The city farm of the future is a multi-storied building, angled toward the sun. This idea, called ‘vertical (垂直的) farming’, is a new way to feed more people. You grow fish on the bottom floor and pump the water up to the top. Then the water is piped down from floor to floor, through beds of growing plants, ranging from leafy greens up high to mushrooms lower down. By the time the water returns to the fish on the bottom floor, it’s clean again.” Will says, “Growing food is powerful and it can change the world!” 1．Why did Will decide to grow food in Milwaukee? A．To enable people to eat better. B．To make some profits by farming. C．To build a harmonious community. D．To transform the desert into a farm. 2．What do we know about Will’s food centre? A．It works like a forest and wastes nothing. B．It is a greenhouse and provides heat in winter. C．It is a city farm and employs chemical fertilizers. D．It collects conventional soil and uses animal waste. 3．Which of the following can best describe Will? A．Thoughtful and faithful. B．Adventurous and generous. C．Creative and ambitious. D．Humorous and farsighted. 4．What is Will talking about in the last paragraph? A．The procedure of water cleaning. B．The influence of vertical farming. C．The vision for future city farming. D．The description of a future building. Passage 06 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）Catherine Borowski and her partner Lee Baker are the founders of Graphic Rewilding, a project to place huge nature-inspired artworks into the urban landscape. “We just want to add the colour and diversity of nature into run-down spaces, urging people to notice and find joy in the world around them,” says Baker. Baker, a painter, has long understood the benefits of biophilic (热爱自然的) design. Having suffered a breakdown 10 years ago, Baker found that drawing flowers was the only way to lift his spirit. It was around this time that Baker met Borowski, and joined her production company as a creative director. The pair have worked together ever since launching Graphic Rewilding in 2021. Since then, they’ve decorated many buildings at locations including Earl’s Court station, Lewes Castle and Westfield Shopping Centre in Shepherd’s Bush—all hand drawn by Baker. “We love galleries, but we focus on public art. This way, our work is out there for everyone to enjoy,” Baker says. The pair believe that flowers have serious power, even when they're not real. “We know that spending time in nature is good for us, but studies show that even pictures of plants have a positive effect on the mind,” says Baker. He discovers from the research that images of plants in hospital waiting rooms can help reduce feelings of stress inpatients. Even so, they admit that art is no match for Mother Nature. “Some people expressed concern that our project might hurt real rewilding efforts. But both can coexist,” says Borowski. “Of course, we want more green space. But we aren’t gardeners. We’re artists. In the absence of nature, we want to create inspiring spaces through art.” Overall, the response has been hugely positive. “The joy that these artworks bring is evident,” says Borowski, highlighting an early project in Crawley, West Sussex, where they painted brick walls, billboards, benches and even bins. “There were so many smiling faces,” she says. “Putting art into a place that previously felt unloved feels like developing joy where there was none.” 1．What is the Graphic Rewilding project aimed at? A．Bringing cities to life through art. B．Promoting people’s appreciation of art. C．Promoting biodiversity in urban areas. D．Raising people’s eco-friendly awareness. 2．What led Baker to fall in love with biophilic design? A．His working experience in the wild. B．His research on the benefits of plants. C．A collaboration with Catherine Borowski. D．A comforting experience of drawing flowers. 3．What distinguishes Graphic Rewilding from gallery exhibitions? A．It gives access to everyone B．It creates hand-drawn designs. C．It focuses on famous buildings. D．It expressed itself more artistically. 4．How do most people react to the pair’s artworks? A．Indifferent. B．Doubtful. C．Appreciative. D．objective. Passage 07 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）Frank Caprio is a well-known judge who has gained popularity for his caring and understanding approach in the courtroom. Born on November 23, 1936, Caprio serves as the Chief Judge of the Providence Municipal Court in Rhode Island, USA． His trials have been turned into a television program called “Caught in Providence”, which airs on local Fox stations and presents his work. Caprio’s decisions often reflect a mixture of legal strictness and human warmth. He is known for his merciful judgments and his ability to connect with the people before him. For instance, in one case, a 96-year-old man was brought before Caprio for speeding in a school zone. The elderly man explained that he was driving his 63-year-old son, who has cancer, to a blood test. After hearing the man’s story, Caprio responded with sympathy, highlighting the man’s dedication to his family at an advanced age. Judge Caprio has been called “the warmest judge” by his admirers because of his way of handling justice. His trials prove that the law can be applied with understanding and mercy, which has made him a beloved figure both in the United States and around the world. Another heartwarming example is that Caprio once canceled a double fine for a truck driver who hadn’t got a notice for a previous fine. After the case was dismissed, the driver shared that 20 years ago, as a lost teenager, Caprio had asked him about his future dreams during a trial, a question that marked a turning point in the driver’s life. Caprio’s story is not just about his role as a judge but also about how a single kind act can affect someone’s life. His way of working as a judge shows that justice can be done with sympathy and that sometimes a kind word can change a person’s path for the better. 1．What makes Frank Caprio popular? A．His appearances in a TV program. B．His ability to solve complex legal cases. C．His balance of mercy and justice in trials. D．His strict legal decisions in the courtroom. 2．Which word can best describe Judge Caprio in dealing with the speeding case? A．Flexible. B．Stubborn. C．Generous. D．Passionate. 3．What lasting impact did Judge Caprio have on the truck driver? A．He taught the driver the importance of obeying traffic laws. B．He inspired the driver to map out his future life path. C．He eased the driver’s financial burden by canceling the fine. D．He encouraged the driver to take responsibility for his actions. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Life and Work of Frank Caprio B．The Challenges of Modern Justice C．The Role of a Judge in the Courtroom D．The Humanity of a Judge in the Courtroom Passage 08 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）Accompanied by her father, using a combination of aid and free climbing and taking advantage of some special equipment and ropes for protection, 10-year-old Selah made it to the top of El Capitan on June 12 after five days of big wall climbing. Climbing the challenging and adventurous Nose route of El Capitan was a labour of love for Selah in more than one way. Her parents, Mike and Joy Schneiter, fell in love on this 3,000-plus-foot huge rock and she has always wanted to feel the way that her parents felt when they were up there together. Selah showed great interest in rock climbing at an early age. She wore her first rock-climbing equipment shortly after she learned to walk. She first dreamed of climbing El Capitan when she was 6 or 7. El Capitan is a famous mountain-sized rock in Yosemite National Park. Getting to its top is no easy task. It’s taller, as reported, than the tallest building in the world — Dubai’s Burj Khalifa. El Capitan, with its difficult Nose route, which runs more than 3,000 feet high up the centre of the rock’s face, is considered one of the world’s hardest big wall climbs and has attracted the best climbers over time. But never before had a youngster accomplished it. Selah’s achievement caught national attention. Outside Magazine called her the youngest documented person to climb the Nose. Ken Yager, president of the Yosemite Climbing Association, said he also couldn’t think of anyone younger who had done it. Selah didn’t talk much about her El Capitan accomplishment. “I’m not necessarily a special kid or anything like that, she said. “There were a few times when I would be so worn that it somewhat discouraged me from holding on. But overall, it was just great to keep going.” Selah shared this advice for other young climbers dreaming of big walls, “It doesn’t necessarily take a super special person to achieve something like that. You just have to put your mind to it.” 1．What do we learn about Selah climbing El Capitan? A．She got inspired by her family history. B．She began her climbing on June 12. C．She managed without any external help. D．She was the first female to reach the top. 2．What is the purpose of paragraph 3? A．To arouse readers’ interest in El Capitan. B．To provide basic information about El Capitan. C．To stress the challenge of climbing El Capitan. D．To state the reasons for El Capitan’s popularity. 3．Which of the following words best describe Selah? A．Realistic and fortunate. B．Flexible and selfless. C．Efficient and inspiring. D．Humble and determined. 4．What may be Selah’s advice for other young climbers? A．Nothing is impossible for a genius. B．Dream big and aim high. C．Chance favours the prepared mind. D．Be committed to your ambition. Passage 09 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）“I am not out of place, I am where I belong.” says British student Bruno Walker, after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a patient in Zhengzhou, China. Some locals are astonished by receiving traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from a foreigner, but Walker is confident in his path. He is among a growing number of foreigners engaging in TCM, mixing their Western backgrounds with ancient Chinese healing arts. Walker, from Britain, came to China in 2015, drawn by martial arts. While learning Shaolin kung fu in Henan, he developed a curiosity about Chinese culture and medicine. After a year of intensive Chinese study, he signed up in Henan University of Chinese Medicine. Now a graduate student specializing in acupuncture, he has treated over a thousand patients. “He is skilled in heartbeat diagnosis (诊断) and acupuncture,” says his teacher, Professor Yu Dongdong. “He can practise independently.” Under his Chinese name “Wuyan.” Bruno has become an online hit on the video-sharing platform Douyin, gathering over 900,000 followers. Balancing his roles as practitioner and internet celebrity, he presents local culture in fluent Henan dialect (方言), often alongside his local girlfriend. “Your grasp of the Henan dialect is even more authentic than mine,” comments one follower. Apparently, his cultural involvement has endeared him to many. He also treated his grandmother’s health problems with acupuncture, leading to her swift recovery. With his growing fan base, Brano feels a responsibility. “Posting videos was just a pastime, but now I want to participate in more meaningful projects,” he says. He plans to create bilingual videos promoting TCM and sharing stories of ancient Chinese medical experts. “I’m devoted to spreading awareness of TCM and its far-reaching cultural significance,” he adds. Whether in China or Britain, he plans to devote himself to TCM. “I will do anything to help people through TCM. That’s my calling.” 1．What does Bruno’s words imply in paragraph 1? A．He is content with current situation. B．He is curious about doing acupuncture. C．He is willing to cure the locals with TCM. D．He is satisfied with his foreign background. 2．Why did Bruno decide to study TCM? A．He was influenced by his teacher. B．He aimed to introduce TCM to Britain. C．He wanted to become an internet celebrity. D．He was inspired while learning martial arts. 3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Bruno’s success in treating his relatives. B．Bruno’s difficulties in learning the Henan dialect. C．Bruno’s challenges in balancing his multiple roles. D．Bruno’s popularity in winning people online and offline. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this text? A．To highlight a unique cultural integration in TCM. B．To emphasize the importance of TCM in education. C．To explore the benefits of practicing TCM in China. D．To encourage the use of dialects in promoting TCM. Passage 10 （24-25高二上·湖南永州·期末）Ever since my daughter Gabi was just a young child, she has been curious about the world around her, always ready to ask “why” and “how” questions. I thought it could be fun to talk to my daughter about female scientists. I discovered there was a scientist, Ada Lovelace. She had a love for mathematics and a belief that computers can be used to finish many tasks humans do. I told Gabi about Lovelace's contributions to the field and the impact she had on me as a scientist and mathematician. Today, computers are such an essential part of our daily lives; we can’t imagine living without them. The idea that computers can go beyond just calculating numbers and perform any abstract operation is the phenomenon of our technology. However, not everyone knows that this idea dates back to long before the first programmable, general-purpose digital computer was introduced in the 1940s. This concept goes back to the 1800s, thanks to Loveluce, a pioneer in mathematics and computing, who was recognized as the first computer programmer. Lovelace also held her belief that while computers had endless potential, they could not be truly intelligent. She argued that AI can’t create anything original without learning from human input. This is still true today as AI becomes increasingly common in our everyday lives. While ChatGPT and similar AI tools may seem to have a “mind” of their own, those tools are simply parroting human-generated content on the internet. Lovelace was an incredibly intelligent woman, who contributed so much to mathematics and computer science. Her enthusiasm and determination led her to look further and search deeper. I hope Loyelace will inspire my daughter and other young girls to consider following in her footsteps. 1．What can be learned about Gabi? A．She has great admiration for Lovelace. B．She has a dream of becoming a scientist. C．She shows strong curiosity about the world. D．She believes computers are as smart as humans. 2．What does the author stress in paragraph 2? A．The invention of computers. B．Lovelace’s contribution to science. C．The development of technology. D．Lovelace’s education background. 3．What does the underlined word “parroting” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Repeating. B．Creating. C．Appreciating. D．Imagining. 4．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text? A．To show her interest in science. B．To explain the significance of computers. C．To provide an example for girls to follow. D．To demonstrate the disadvantage of computers. Passage 11 （24-25高二上·湖南郴州·期末）Dala horses, the brightly painted wooden horses, with their complex patterns, come from the Dalarna region and date back to the 1600s. Originally carved as toys, they gradually became the symbols of Swedish tradition over time. That was my first learning about Dala horses from a book on Swedish culture. While I didn’t fully understand the deeper meaning at that time, I was immediately drawn to their charm and uniqueness. When I was younger, I remember how excited I was when my parents took me to a craft workshop. I had seen these colorful horses in many places — on postcards, at the zoo and even in shops. But this time, I was going to create one myself. The process was so much fun! First, we started with a small wooden block. We used carving tools to carefully shape the wood into a horse. It was a bit tricky at first, and my hands were so shaky, but as I kept carving, the shape of the horse slowly started to appear. Once we were done carving, it was time to paint! I felt like an artist as I painted tiny flowers and swirls (旋涡) on its body. My horse was not perfect, but it felt like a masterpiece to me! I still remember how proud I felt holding the finished horse. Its patterns, painted in bright red, blue and yellow, looked like the Dala horses I had seen before. My parents told me that the colors and designs meant something special, and I could tell this little wooden horse had a bigger meaning than just being a decoration. Years later, I still have that Dala horse in my room. It’s a reminder of that wonderful day and my connection to Swedish traditions. The Dala horse is more than a piece of art — it’s a symbol of history, culture, and cherished memories. 1．Which is the true statement about the Dala horse? A．It was originally used as a decoration. B．It came from the Swedish region of Dalarna. C．It originated from a famous book in Swedish culture. D．It is a modern invention inspired by traditional wooden toys. 2．How did the author feel when he first learned about the Dala horse? A．Indifferent. B．Confused. C．Fascinated. D．Skeptical. 3．Why did the author like his Dala horse so much? A．His parents spoke highly of his remarkable carving skills. B．It served as a reminder of his bond with Swedish traditions. C．It approached an ideal state of perfection in form and detail. D．It exhibited a remarkable similarity to the ones on postcards. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Dala Horses: Carved from happiness B．Dala Horses: A Swedish Artistic Wonder C．Discovering the Beauty of Dala Horses’ Patterns D．The History and Making of Dala Horses in Sweden Passage 12 （24-25高二上·湖南益阳·期末）As a university student, my days have been filled with various activities, including a new job, a research position, university courses, gym sessions, and guitar practice. Sometimes it felt like too much to balance all these activities, and I was eager for some quiet time alone. However, a remarkable change occurred when I decided to start waking up at 5:30 am. At first, it was incredibly challenging and made me quite unhappy. I frequently turned off the alarm clock, causing me to miss buses and trains, leading to tardiness at work and subsequent issues. But then, I laid my eyes on a book titled “Morning Miracle”, which motivated me to rise 30 minutes earlier. I adopted a straightforward routine: spending five minutes journaling, sipping water slowly, taking deep breaths to unwind, doing a few push-ups, and glancing at a board displaying my goals. After persevering for 21 days, my job performance improved dramatically. I felt more focused and energetic, and this wasn’t just because I thought it would. The quiet morning helps me focus on my tasks. I learned to do one thing at a time. And this saved me from getting mentally exhausted. I also started my day by thinking about the good things and writing down what I’m grateful for to manage stress. Next, I prioritized (优先处理) my tasks depending on how important they are, ensuring that I addressed the most crucial ones first. I also made sure to take breaks during the day to recharge. I also set aside time for learning and self-improvement, aiming to advance in my career by gaining new skills and knowledge. To maintain this morning routine, I ensured that I was in bed by 10 pm, allowing me to start my day at 5:30 am. This habit used the peaceful mornings to enhance my physical, mental, and emotional well-being. However, I managed to overcome these difficulties. By making these adjustments, I found a newfound balance in my busy life as a university student. 1．What problem did the writer face before changing his wake-up time? A．Lack of sleep. B．Lack of motivation. C．Poor study performance. D．An imbalance in activities. 2．What does the underlined word “tardiness” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Lateness. B．Tiredness. C．Progress. D．Efficiency. 3．On what basis did the author prioritize tasks? A．Difficulty. B．Importance. C．Complexity. D．Availability. 4．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain the importance of waking up early. B．To recommend a book called “Morning Miracle”. C．To share how the writer found balance in his life. D．To describe the writer’s busy life as a university student. Passage 13 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末）George C． Hale served as the Chief of the Kansas City Fire Department for 31 years. At the end of the 19th century, he enhanced firefighting with his 60 patented inventions, including the Hale Water Tower and the telephone fire alarm, and helped bring America’s fire departments into the modern era. In Kansas’ early history, fires were common with most homes built of wood and heated with coal. Every second mattered for the crews tasked with putting them out. Hale was a mechanical genius, solving the problems firefighters faced in his era. Teams of trained horses were used to transport equipment to and from fires from 1860 to 1927. Harnessing (上挽具) the horses was a time－consuming business until Hale invented the swinging horse harness. The harness was suspended (悬挂) from the ceiling of the fire station. When the alarm sounded, the horses moved into place and the harness broke open and dropped into position, making them spring into action with lightning speed. Hale trained his team to make certain every moment counted. Demonstrations of their record－speed harnessing were so successful that major cities demanded to see the Kansas City firefighters in action. The team was even invited to represent the United States as the “American Fire Team” at the International Fire Congress in London in 1893 for an audience with Queen Victoria. Passionate about seeking new approaches to upgrading firefighting, Hale made numerous inventions, improving firefighters’ work efficiency. He even hired a circus gymnast to teach firefighters physical fitness. His novel ideas dramatically changed the whole fire service. Although Hale was fired owing to his political conflict with the authority in 1902, he didn’t quit his commitment to firefighting. He actively advised departments around the country and sold fire control facilities as far away as Russia. When he died in 1923, the Kansas City Journal called him “one of the greatest fire chiefs in the history of modern firefighting”. 1．What was the advantage of George C． Hale’s swinging harness? A．It allowed horses to run faster. B．It reduced response time to fire. C．It protected firefighters from hurt. D．It simplified the process of firefighting. 2．Why does the author mention the International Fire Congress? A．To indicate the excellence of Hale’s team. B．To compare diverse firefighting techniques. C．To evaluate the role of the international stage. D．To convince people of America’s efforts in firefighting. 3．Which of the following can best describe George C． Hale? A．Creative and committed. B．Ambitious and responsible. C．Brave and generous. D．Unselfish and optimistic. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Honors of the Kansas City Fire Department B．Development of Kansas’ Firefighting Cause C．George C． Hale: a Witness to the Fire Service D．George C． Hale: a Great Contributor to Firefighting Passage 14 （24-25高二上·湖南衡阳·期末）I remember a time when steaming dishes of dumplings were laid out before me on the dining table. I was five years old, and a bowl of Chinese vinegar with two drops of sesame oil sat under my nose, eagerly awaiting the three hot dumplings that my grandma would soon drop in. She’d always break them in half for me so my little fingers could use my chopsticks, and that day, I was the pride and joy of my family for consuming a total of nine dumplings. That was the last time I had looked at a plate of dumplings without fear — at least until recently. Somewhere along the way, food transformed into something I avoided. Any plate became fat-protein-carbs in my eyes. The rich fat on red-braised pork remained untouched on my plate, and even my mom’s delicious stir-fried dishes were secretly washed in the water before I’d attempt to eat them. Passing by bakeries consumed me with conflict for the rest of the day because they looked so, so delicious. I wanted a taste so badly, but no, I couldn’t. This past March, I visited my family in China for the first time in six years. There was a stillness unlike earlier springs. The winter chill overstayed its welcome, seemingly in response to my grandpa’s passing just a few weeks before. My grandpa always requested peanuts with his dumplings, sometimes a bottle of beer, if my grandma allowed it. He liked sauerkraut filling (酸菜馅), since meat was hard on his dentures (假牙), which made clicking sounds when he chewed. This time around, we bought giant sauerkraut dumplings from the morning market. My grandma still broke them in half for me. This time, I couldn’t eat nine, but I ate until I was full, and over the memories of my grandpa’s clicking and the warmth of my stomach filling up, I found comfort. 1．Why did Grandma break the dumplings in half? A．To cool them quickly. B．To show the filling. C．To make the author eat easily. D．To appeal to the author. 2．What happened to the author when growing up? A．He became tired of homemade food. B．He stopped eating meat at home. C．He started enjoying cooking more. D．He stayed away from certain types of food. 3．How did the author’s recent visit to China differ from his previous ones? A．He stayed for a longer period than before. B．His grandpa’s death affected the family. C．The weather was much warmer than usual. D．His family didn’t prepare his favorite dishes. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Grandma’s love. B．Experiences of homesickness. C．Memories of dumplings. D．Wishes for returning home. Passage 15 （24-25高二上·江苏南通·期末）Naomi Gutierrez grew up seeing her mother with her nails always done, and she even had a nail-themed birthday party for her seventh birthday. Now, the postgraduate runs a student business doing nails on campus. Gutierrez’ services include gel manicures (凝胶美甲), gel extensions, and regular polish manicures. For Gutierrez, doing her nails serves as a way to care about oneself, “I’m putting me first. I’m putting something on my body first,” Gutierrez said. She first learned to do nails through YouTube videos, starting with basic manicures before trying gel extensions. In order to get used to new techniques, she was her own guinea pig (豚鼠)  “I used to do like the most ridiculously long sets on myself ... the bigger the canvas, you know the more designs you can do.” Gutierrez started her nail business around November of her first year of her master’s. She credits her friends for pushing her to start charging for her services and explained that the money would in turn improve the business. This means “giving people more colors, more options, and it makes it fun for me too.” Gutierrez said. Another aspect of being the on-campus nail tech that Gutierrez enjoys is getting the chance to talk to people. “It’s a long process for me usually, and so in those hours, especially when they’re my friends or people I’m close to, it’s good to talk to them and catch up. It gives us a really good space and time to just, talk and do whatever we need to do,” Gutierrez said. Currently about a year in, Gutierrez has built up a group of regulars that she usually expects to hear from when there are big events she sees being promoted on Instagram. “I kind of already feel like, Oh, she’s about to message me you know, so that’s been fun,” Gutierez said. Gutierrez schedules appointments over direct messages through her Instagram: @naxnailz. 1．What do we know about Naomi Gutierrez? A．Taking care of her nails is her top priority. B．Nails have recently become part of her life. C．She sees doing her nails a form of self-care. D．She runs a nail-themed party for her mother. 2．What can be learned from paragraph 4? A．She tried them out on herself. B．She thought of a bigger picture. C．She cheered herself up regularly. D．She took advantage of the canvas. 3．According to Gutierrez, what’s the primary benefit of her nail business? A．Personal fulfillment and chances to be helpful. B．Financial satisfaction and social responsibility. C．Business growth and networking opportunities. D．Increased popularity and social media exposure. 4．What does the last paragraph intend to tell us? A．She has a stable customer base. B．Her appointment is hard to make. C．She is increasingly popular on Instagram. D．Her business is often promoted on Instagram. Passage 16 （24-25高二上·重庆·期末）A year after Walt Disney made history with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, its artists were struggling to find the right design for Bambi, the tale of a young deer The film’s production team realized they needed a style that highlighted almost all of the leaves, flowers and mushrooms in their first feature-length animated film. Soon they got their inspiration from Tyrus Wong, whose work was on display as a new exhibit at New York City’s museum. In 1938, The Walt Disney Studio hired him to draw the frames between the main drawings of the animators. After reading the story of Bambi, he saw an opportunity to break out of his boring job. He said to himself, “This is all outdoor scenery. And I’m a landscape painter. This will be great!” Inspired by Chinese landscape paintings, he used watercolor and pastels (蜡笔) to make sketches that bring the feeling of forest scenes with simple strokes of color and special attention to light and shadow. In the following years, Wong’s sketches attracted Disney and became the guide for Bambi’s background artists, who were later trained to imitate his style. “His expression was a great leap forward for the medium,” writes John Lasseter, the chief creative officer for Walt Disney and Pixar Animation Studios. “Where other films were literal, Bambi was expressive and emotional.” In 2001, Wang was named “Disney Legend”, and he received the recognition as the true lead artist. He pursued art all his life and still made art during his retirement, including toy animals from recycled materials and handmade kites that he regularly flew off the Santa Monica Pier in California. “People admire his works because of Bambi, but Bambi was just a really small part of his life,” says his youngest daughter. “He considers himself not a great artist but a lucky artist, who was at the right place at the right time.” 1．Why did Walt Disney’s artists notice Tyrus Wong? A．He was good at drawing cartoon characters. B．He won a prize at a museum in New York. C．His style was suitable for the animated film Bambi. D．His work could be used to advertise Walt Disney’s films. 2．What does John Lasseter think of Tyrus Wong’s paintings? A．They were literal and detailed. B．They showed the legend of Walt Disney. C．They conveyed thoughts effectively. D．They displayed the progress of the medium. 3．What can we learn about Tyrus Wong from the last paragraph? A．He gave up art after retirement. B．He had been busy his whole life. C．He liked to purchase toys and kites. D．He was devoted to art during his life time. 4．How does the author introduce Tyrus Wong? A．By giving examples. B．By following time order. C．By listing figures. D．By analyzing cause and effect. Passage 17 （24-25高二上·河北保定·期末）Jeanne Baret may not be as well-known as other explorers, but as the first woman to sail around the globe in the late 18th century, her achievements were no less remarkable. Baret did not set out to be an explorer. She was born in July 1740 in a rural village in the Burgundy region of France. Her father was an uneducated laborer, and her mother was devoted to raising the family. It is widely believed that Baret had little, if any, formal education. Despite this, she was locally recognized for her expertise in herbalism (草药学) and was known as “the herb woman.” In 1765, Commerson, the famous botanist and naturalist from Burgundy, was invited to join a round-the-world expedition led by a French Navy officer and explorer. Baret was hired to assist comments on in the categorization of his plant specimens (标本). At that time, women were banned from serving aboard French naval ships. The most widely accepted story is that Baret, dressed as a man, managed to board the ship. The ship sailed from Nantes to Rio de Janeiro in 1766, then to Montevideo where they collected plant specimens. The ship then went south through the Strait of Magellan and reached Tahiti. It is believed that Baret’s true identity was revealed there but she remained on board nevertheless to continue her scientific work. Her careful documentation of up to 6,000 plant species, some of which were previously unknown to science, significantly enriched the botanical knowledge of the era. This was not just a journey around the world; it was an expedition that reshaped perceptions (看法) of women’s capabilities and roles in scientific discovery and adventure. 1．What do we know about Jeanne Baret’s early life? A．She came from a well-off family. B．She was naturally curious in exploration. C．She gained recognition for curing patients. D．She hardly got any schooling. 2．What is Baret’s barrier to joining the voyage? A．Female identity. B．Lack of working experience. C．Poor physical strength. D．Limited knowledge. 3．What impact did the expedition have on society at that time? A．It promoted French naval reform in many aspects. B．It confirmed women’s role in scientific discovery and adventure. C．It diversified the local plant species and enriched the botanical knowledge. D．It changed people’s views on women’s ability and role in scientific exploration. 4．Which of the following can best describe Baret? A．Reliable and skillful. B．Capable and careful. C．Gifted and determined. D．Ambitious and cooperative. Passage 18 （24-25高二上·河北廊坊·期末）I live in a small village. Some time ago, I noticed that in each election cycle the same candidates (候选人) would run and get elected, sometimes unopposed. There were no changes, no new businesses starting up, and no growth at all. Having daughters in high school, I felt I had my finger on the: “pulse” of a younger generation. I listened to their ideas about what could be better in our village, or why they had to go one town over to use the new skateboard park or have a burger at a new diner. And that was the moment when I, a single mother of three, thought about running in the upcoming election to become a Village Trustee. I felt that the issue of economic development needed to be addressed to relieve the pressure of rising property taxes on the residents. So, I gathered up my courage and picked up documents from Village Hall on running for election. I did some serious research and turned to friends who had run in various town elections before to make sure I chose the correct petition (请愿书), filled it out accurately, and got the right number of signatures. I believed that God helps those who help themselves. After filing my paperwork, I received support. Friends called to offer to put my signs on their lawns. One friend even created and maintained a website for me, where I could post my profile, mission statement, and information about free healthcare events and elderly services. When I walked in the Good Neighbor Parade as a newly elected official, the crowd cheered for me. Knowing that so many people believed in me and wanted me to help them achieve good things for their hometown was an incredible feeling. Finding the courage to run in a small-town election changed my outlook on life. It gave me hope that dreams can come true and small ideas can grow into something big. 1．What did the author find about the village elections? A．There were tough election battles. B．No candidates would run unopposed. C．More capable candidates were elected. D．There was almost no change in every run. 2．What inspired the author to run for Village Trustee? A．Her desire to make a leader. B．Her daughters’ efforts for a better village. C．Her experience in previous town elections. D．Her exposure to the ideas of the young generation. 3．How did the author prepare for her election campaign? A．She asked experienced friends for help. B．She created a website to promote herself. C．She gathered information about other, candidates. D．She hired a professional team to run the campaign. 4．What can we conclude from this passage? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. C．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. D．Better late than never, but better never late. Passage 19 （24-25高二上·河北张家口·期末）Solo travel, or traveling alone, wasn’t considered safe, ideal or fashionable for Indian women 25 years ago. But that didn’t stop Dr. Sudha Mahalingam. When she followed her husband on his work trips abroad, she used the opportunities to make her adventurous trips. Two decades ago, Mahalingam quit her job in mainstream print journalism and switched careers to take up energy research. Soon after, she started receiving invitations to speak at international conferences in oil producing countries and the world of travel opened up to her. Today, at 70, she has visited 66 countries across six continents, which she shares on her blog Footloose Indian as well as in her book The Travel Gods Must Be Crazy. Owing to a busy schedule of managing work and family, Mahalingam often had no time to organize her travel, so most of her early trips were sudden and unplanned. She landed in the Czech Republic without a valid (有效的) visa, faced the challenge of finding vegetarian food in China, got accidentally locked in a museum in Iran and was caught without proof of a yellow fever vaccination (疫苗接种) at the airport in Nairobi, Kenya. Though Mahalingam sometimes travels with friends, most of her journeys are solo. Her most recent international adventure that stands out was her trip to Borneo in Southeast Asia. “There were crawlies (爬虫) everywhere and fallen leaves as high as one meter. You put your foot and won’t know if a snake would stick itself around your leg or whether a poisonous insect would bite you. It was pouring all the time. I have been to the Amazon rainforest as well but it was a cakewalk compared to Borneo,” she says. Mahalingam has been addicted to different adventure sports too, including diving and hang-gliding. She also made a difficult journey to Everest base camp and, at the age of 66, went skydiving in Uluru, Australia. 1．What did Mahalingam do 25 years ago? A．She followed her husband to India. B．She gave lectures on print journalism. C．She began traveling to other countries. D．She managed to keep family-work balance. 2．How is paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By describing a process. B．By giving examples. C．By making a comparison. D．By analyzing cause and effect. 3．Why did Mahalingam mention the Amazon rainforest in paragraph 4? A．To highlight the hardship of her Borneo trip, B．To prove the wide extent of Mahalingam’s travels. C．To emphasize the importance of the Amazon rainforest. D．To tell the differences between Borneo and the Amazon rainforest. 4．Which of the following best describes Mahalingam? A．Creative. B．Courageous. C．Considerate. D．Demanding. Passage 20 （24-25高二上·江西·阶段练习）Raised on the farm, Padma Suresh had a love for agriculture just like her father. Young Padma would spend most of her evening after school in the fields, learning the art of organic farming. After moving to the city, she began missing the farm. Faced with the limited space, Padma felt the absence of fresh vegetables. Besides, she was disappointed with the taste and quality of shop-bought vegetables. Because chemicals used on vegetables were harmful to human health, she finally decided to take matters into her own hands and change her yard into a vegetable garden. Now 48, Padma has devoted the past 12 years to developing a garden with 200 plants of 20 varieties of vegetables. She relies on natural fertilizers (肥料). Additionally, she uses creative organic farming methods like preparing liquid fertilizers from fish. Her husband Suresh Ettan, who is now working in an oil and gas company, said, “As I don’t eat meat, I have limited food choices in the city. Now every morning, my wife sends me a good breakfast. Apart from that, she also shares the photos of her day’s harvest. I take pride in showing those photos to my colleagues.” For Padma, the garden has become a source of joy and also a link to her rural roots. Padma says she finds connection to her village through the traditional recipes and taste of homegrown vegetables. More importantly, by growing her own food, the gardener has not only found a way to provide a supply of organic vegetables to her family but also a way to earn some money. Earning money was what she didn’t expect. Padma says she has a small shop where she sells extra vegetables. Within an hour, all her vegetables are sold out. This organic farming business earns her up to Rs 1,000. 1．When did Padma develop her love for organic farming? A．After she moved to the city. B．When she helped on the farm. C．After she graduated from school. D．When she lacked fresh vegetables. 2．Which words can best describe Padma? A．Warm-hearted and confident. B．Generous and gifted. C．Creative and hard-working. D．Responsible and organized. 3．How does Suresh Ettan feel about his wife’s farm? A．The farm makes his life busy. B．The farm offers him rich food. C．The farm costs lots of his money. D．The farm prevents him eating meat. 4．What unexpected benefit has been brought to Padma? A．Some additional income. B．Good neighbour relationship. C．Fresh vegetables for her family. D．A connection with her hometown. Passage 21 （24-25高二上·福建南平·期末）Kate Winslet is, according to herself, an “open” book. Her honesty and down-to-earth nature have made her one of the world’s most beloved celebrities — and these are on display in an interview with Harpe’s Bazaar, where she shared very personal details about her life. Despite her fame and fortune, she was a battler who overcame many barriers to get to where she is today. “My father had dreams of becoming a great actor and always made the most of things.” Winslet warmly recalled. However, when Winslet was just 11, her father had an accident and lost his foot, significantly affecting the family’s future. “His foot was reattached through a wonderful operation, but that was extremely hard for him. And at that point, we were supported by the Children’s Trust, helping with school expenses. I am one of the most unlikely success stories,” she explained. Despite all the hardships, her family did everything in their power to help Winslet achieve her dream. She told Harpe’s, “I’ve always been so grateful to my parents that they attach great importance to my dream.” When she was 17, it was her father who took her to try out for the teenage movie Heavenly Creatures and encouraged her, “You’ll get the role.” And she just thought, “Yes, I’m going to get it.” It was a role she ultimately landed. “It was a quiet, humble (谦逊的) sort of confidence that I’ve always tried to hang on to,” she added. For Winslet, remembering her history and where she came from is essential to who she is today. “It’s very hard to stay grounded, but I did.” 1．What did Winslet do in the interview? A．She showed her love for nature. B．She shared reasons for her popularity. C．She revealed individual life experiences. D．She recommended a book about celebrities. 2．Why is Winslet’s childhood mentioned? A．To introduce a charity organization. B．To show her family harmony. C．To praise her father’s tough character. D．To stress her suffering in growth. 3．What is the main reason why Winslet thanked her parents? A．They took her dream seriously. B．They won a role for her. C．They offered her financial support. D．They taught her acting skills. 4．Which of the following best describes Winslet? A．Generous. B．Reliable. C．Determined. D．Creative. Passage 22 （24-25高二上·福建泉州·期末）One of the world’s rarest birds, the greater adjutant stork (大秃鹳), known locally as the Hargila was once considered “disease carrier” and “ugly” by the villagers in Assam who would destroy their nests. Dr Purnima Devi Barman, an Indian wildlife biologist, has been committed to protecting the endangered birds and changing the opinion of villagers. Barman’s love of animals started at age five while she lived with her grandparents by the Brahmaputra River, where she often encountered all sorts of birds coming to the fields and wetlands. Recalling one of the moments that changed her life, Barman said that while she was doing her PhD paper on the greater adjutant stork, she got a call telling her that a villager had cut the nest-tree of adjutant storks and nine chicks fell down. When she communicated with the villager and his neighbours, she was shouted at and laughed at. “The villager was so angry at me for rescuing the birds. One of his neighbours said that ‘we cannot keep it in our backyard. It makes our area very dirty and smelly’,” Barman recalled. But with her tireless effort, she managed to change his views and the villager joined her in protecting the birds. “After that, I experienced the power of the community and decided-to make use of it for stork conservation,” Barman added. She then started the Hargila Army of villagers, especially the network of thousands of families across villages who travel door to door with her in spreading awareness and educating people about stork conservation. “Initially women hesitated to come out and volunteer. But one day, I organized a cooking contest and scores of people participated and that’s how all our gatherings revolved (围绕) around stork conservation and restoring their ecosystem. Slowly and gradually, we increased the network, and now we are saving many other endangered species,” Barman said. 1．What has led to the decrease of the storks in Assam? A．The attack of diseases. B．High demand for wood. C．Villagers’ negative attitude. D．Ignorance of their situation: 2．What drove Barman to found “the Hargila Army of villagers”? A．Her bird-watching experience. B．Her PhD study on the bird. C．Her effort to prevent tree cutting. D．Her communication with a villager. 3．How did Barman involve women at first? A．By visiting them door to door. B．By organising a cooking contest: C．By giving away food to them. D．By hosting voluntary activities. 4．What can we learn about Barman from her deeds? A．She strives to preserve wildlife. B．She values diverse views. C．She prioritises academic education. D．She cares about villagers’ welfare. Passage 23 （24-25高二上·福建厦门·期末）Travel photographer Peter Yan left behind a successful career at Apple to pursue his work as a visual storyteller. In a few years, the Chinese-born Australian photographer has built an impressive following on social media, where over 150,000 people follow his inspiring imagery. One particular photo, taken on a trip to Yangshuo, China, has caused the Internet to sit up and take notice. In the photograph, a cormorant (鸬鹚) fisherman stands on his simple wooden raft (筏), ready to work with his two birds next to him. When Peter arrived at Yangshuo, he was immediately entranced by the practice of cormorant fishing. This technique is typically practiced in rivers, with fishermen training their birds to catch fish in their throat and bring them back to the boat. The method was first described in a 636 CE text about the history of the Sui Dynasty and was a prosperous (繁荣的) industry. Now, cormorant fishing is typically practiced for tourism purposes, which makes Yan’s photograph all the more special. Through this viral photograph, he’s been able to bring awareness back to a tradition that is fading. At the same time, given Yangshuo’s incredible landscape, he’s exposed his followers to a new side of China that they may not otherwise have discovered. Three years ago, photography was just a hobby for Yan. Since he went on overseas vacations, he started to post on social media regularly. After a year, his account took off and gained lots of followers. He loved his full-time job, but as his photography “work” became more serious, he had to make a tough decision. In the end, he chose travel photography full-time, for fear of future regret if he didn’t try it sooner. Yan looks forward to the countless adventures that lie ahead, knowing there are still many hidden treasures waiting to be discovered. 1．What can be learned about cormorant fishing? A．It’s a major industry. B．It’s an ordinary skill. C．It’s an age-old practice. D．It’s a high-return business. 2．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Yan’s hobby of sending online posts. B．Yan’s experience of travelling overseas. C．Yan’s commitment to drawing followers. D．Yan’s journey to becoming a photographer. 3．Which best describes Peter Yan? A．Sensitive and caring. B．Adventurous and influential. C．Generous and ambitious. D．Humorous and fashionable. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To recommend a job. B．To promote a county. C．To introduce a person. D．To preserve a tradition. 试卷第22页，共22页 试卷第21页，共22页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 考题猜想02 阅读理解-记叙文培优专练20篇 解析版 满分策略 一、阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”。 二、阅读理解记叙文重视首尾段作用，尤其是标题概括题和写作意图题。 三、猜词词义题注意运用“代入法”“排除法”从逻辑性和褒贬性出发。 四、文章寓意题选项字面意思和言外之意与文章主旨结合，去伪存真。 五、形容词适配题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词，确定最佳答案。 六、标题概括题既要注意文章线索“点睛”作用，还要注意首尾段呼应， 尤其是尾段主旨升华。记叙文标题兼具概括性、新颖性和针对性。 七、满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 Passage 01 （24-25高二上·福建福州·期末）Decades ago, my friend Caetlin received a special assignment from the poet Robert L. Hass, who instructed each student to memorize three poems of their choosing from The Norton Anthology of American Literature—not for any urgent exam reason, he claimed, but instead to prepare them for their unavoidable future occasions when you’re going to be alone, and poetry is going to be all you have. If the task was as a strange one, it’s because the act of memorizing a poem feels curiously old-fashioned in an era when few of us encounter poetry at all. When I was in graduate school, working toward a degree in English literature, I mostly limited myself to essays. It was only in my 40s that I began to change my ways. It happened in a flight to Seattle. For hours, I read nothing else but a poem. Sometimes I spoke its lines aloud, my voice masked by the airplane’s thrum. Sometimes I went through the whole poem at once, and sometimes I repeated a single stanza (诗节) over and over, and by the time my plane landed on the West Coast, I had the whole thing, all 40 lines of it, in my head. Because the process is as simple as it is very boring, memorizing a great poem always begins as a crime. The boredom of repetition reduces the great charm it has. But as you run your hands through the rock, the lines at last come together again, and the scattered text transforms back into a treasure. In other words, poetry survives continuously by becoming a part of those who read it. It can do so only because it is so specific, so entirely different from us, that taking it in expands our own sense of what we are. Some of the poems I’ve memorized are already fading, and that’s fine. I know that if I spend a little time with them, they’ll sing in me again. Others keep beating in me like a new pulse. I won’t promise you that memorizing poetry will make your life better, but it will make you more: more in touch with language, with other minds, maybe with what you might yet become. 1．Why did Robert L. Hass advise students to read poems? A．To become literature professors. B．To prepare for the coming exams. C．To compose more original poems. D．To relieve their future loneliness. 2．Why does the author say that memorizing a poem begins as a crime? A．It’s out of date to recite poems. B．Repetition wastes a lot of time. C．Repetition ruins the poem’s beauty. D．It’s a shame to read poems on plane. 3．How does understanding poetry influence us? A．By broadening self-understanding. B．By refreshing our good memories. C．By helping us survive the hard life. D．By reminding us to forget the past. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards memorizing poetry in the last paragraph? A．Doubtful. B．Reserved. C．Appreciative. D．Critical. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者朋友多年前被诗人Robert L. Hass布置了一项特别任务——背诵三首诗，以及作者自己后来开始背诵诗歌的经历和感悟。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“not for any urgent exam reason, he claimed, but instead to prepare them for their unavoidable future occasions when you’re going to be alone, and poetry is going to be all you have(他声称，这不是因为任何紧急的考试原因，而是为了让他们为将来不可避免的孤独时刻做好准备，届时诗歌将成为你唯一拥有的东西)。”可知，Robert L. Hass的目的是为了让学生在未来孤独时有所依靠，以缓解孤独感。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Because the process is as simple as it is very boring, memorizing a great poem always begins as a crime. The boredom of repetition reduces the great charm it has(因为这个过程既简单又无聊，背诵一首伟大的诗总是开始得像是一种罪过。重复的无聊减少了它所具有的巨大魅力)。”可知，作者认为背诵诗歌的过程中，重复的无聊会破坏诗歌的魅力，因此开始背诵诗歌时就像是一种罪过。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“In other words, poetry survives continuously by becoming a part of those who read it. It can do so only because it is so specific, so entirely different from us, that taking it in expands our own sense of what we are(换句话说，诗歌通过成为读者的一部分而不断存在。它之所以能做到这一点，是因为它是如此的具体，与我们如此的不同，以至于接受它扩展了我们对自己是什么的感觉)。”可知，理解诗歌可以扩展我们对自我的认识，影响我们对自我的理解。A选项“By broadening self-understanding.(通过拓宽自我理解)”符合题意。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“I won’t promise you that memorizing poetry will make your life better, but it will make you more: more in touch with language, with other minds, maybe with what you might yet become(我不会向你保证背诵诗歌会让你的生活变得更好，但它会让你变得更多：更多地接触语言，接触其他思想，也许还有你可能成为的样子)。”可知，作者对背诵诗歌持赞赏的态度，认为背诵诗歌可以让人更多地接触语言、其他思想和可能的自我。故选C。 Passage 02 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）We’ve seen the images of destruction, ruins and flooding left behind from Hurricane Helene. But other images also came out of the storm: family photos. After the deadly hurricane in October, Taylor Schenker found herself with about 200 family photos that didn’t belong to her. It started after the storm. Schenker’s house weathered Helene well, but she said her friend’s entire home was destroyed by flood. Schenker and her friend went for walk to check out the home, which was one of the many local homes that was destroyed. “We spent about four hours digging through the ruins, looking for my friend’s belongings,” Schenker told CBS News last month. “And during the search, I found five photographs. We laid out the photos along the river bank, hoping they would be reunited with their owners.” Schenker later uploaded the photos online. She said she found about 100 photos herself, but picked up about another 100 from others who found them, including search and rescue teams. To date, she has reunited around 15% of the photos with their owners. She still adds new photos to Instagram daily. Each reunion is a heartwarming reminder that what she’s doing is important. “I’m grateful for being able to do this. When you hand something so special to somebody and then give them a hug — it’s such a privilege,” she said. Schenker mails photos to people who are no longer in the area, but she also hand delivers the ones that belong to families who stayed close by. In one case, a college-aged son found his family’s photos on her Instagram, reached out to Schenker and connected her with his mom. “We have now found five photos of this one family, of these two sons, and when I met with the mom to reunite the photos, she shared that one of her sons had actually passed,” Schenker said. “And so, when they lost their home, they lost all memory of this child, which is absolutely devastating in addition to the disaster that has already happened.” She said she recently went for another so-called photo walk — where she dug through ruins to find images — and recognized the woman’s late son in yet another photo. 1．What do we know about Taylor Schenker? A．Her home was destroyed by hurricane Helene. B．She looked for missing photos for a living. C．She helped many hurricane survivors by collecting photos. D．She was known for reuniting people with their missing families. 2．What does the underlined word ones in paragraph 6 refer to? A．Families. B．Photos. C．Mails. D．Lives. 3．The author proves the importance of Schenker’s efforts by all the following EXCEPT ________. A．making comparisons B．providing data C．quoting comments D．giving examples 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Families reunited on social media B．Looking into the ruins for hope C．Hurricane torn down millions of homes D．A special reunion after the storm 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Taylor Schenker在飓风Helene过后，帮助幸存者寻找和归还家庭照片的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Schenker’s house weathered Helene well, but she said her friend’s entire home was destroyed by flood. (Schenker的房子在飓风Helene中安然无恙，但她说她朋友的整个家被洪水摧毁了)”可知，A选项错误。根据第四段中的“Schenker later uploaded the photos online. She said she found about 100 photos herself, but picked up about another 100 from others who found them, including search and rescue teams.(Schenker后来将这些照片上传到网上。她说她自己找到了大约100张照片，但从其他人那里又收集了大约100张，包括搜救队找到的)”可知，她通过收集照片帮助了许多飓风幸存者。B和D选项在文中没有提到。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第六段中“Schenker mails photos to people who are no longer in the area, but she also hand delivers the ones that belong to families who stayed close by.(Schenker将照片邮寄给那些已经不在该地区的人，但她也会亲手将那些属于住在附近的家庭的照片送给他们)”中的deliver和belong to families可知，ones指代的是photos。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To date, she has reunited around 15% of the photos with their owners.(到目前为止，她已经将大约15%的照片归还给了它们的主人)”和第五段中的“Each reunion is a heartwarming reminder that what she’s doing is important.(每次重逢都是一个温馨的提醒，表明她所做的工作很重要)”及第六段中的“In one case, a college-aged son found his family’s photos on her Instagram, reached out to Schenker and connected her with his mom.(在一个案例中，一个大学生在她的Instagram上找到了他家的照片，联系了Schenker，并让她与他妈妈取得了联系)”可知，作者通过提供数据、引用评论、举例来证明Schenker努力的重要性。A选项making comparisons(进行比较)在文中没有体现。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，主要讲述了Taylor Schenker在飓风Helene过后，帮助幸存者寻找和归还家庭照片的故事，强调了她所做的工作的重要性。 “Families reunited on social media”虽然提到了社交媒体，但文章的重点是照片的重聚，而不是通过社交媒体重聚家庭。“Looking into the ruins for hope”和“Hurricane torn down millions of homes”虽然与文章内容相关，但不够具体，无法准确概括文章的核心故事。由此可知，“A special reunion after the storm(风暴后的特殊重逢)”最能概括文章的主题，强调了在灾难后通过照片实现的特殊重聚。故选D。 Passage 03 （24-25高二上·浙江绍兴·期末）Takanori Kobayashi, a 23-year-old from Japan, has had a strong connection with Peking Opera since his childhood. His fascination with Chinese history began in his early childhood, influenced by Japanese manga (漫画), especially works like Romance of the Three Kingdoms. These stories made him curious about Chinese culture and led him to search for related videos online. At 14, Kobayashi came across a video of a historical Peking Opera, The Battle of Red Cliffs. Although he didn’t understand the language, he was captivated by the costumes, makeup, and music. At 17, he found a website for the Shincyo Theater, a Peking Opera troupe (巡演) in Tokyo founded by Zhang Chunxiang, a Beijing-born artist, who had moved to Japan in the 1980s and founded the Shincyo Theater to promote Peking Opera in Japan. Kobayashi emailed the theater, sharing with Zhang his passion for Peking Opera, and his desire to join the troupe. Zhang was impressed by his passion. At 18, Kobayashi moved to Tokyo to attend Chuo University, majoring in Chinese language and culture, while attending Zhang’ s Peking Opera classes every Saturday. Zhang teaches his students by explaining the movements of Peking Opera in simple Japanese. Kobayashi, who enjoys playing civil roles, listens to famous performances to learn the music and get a sense of the roles. He works with Zhang to improve his performance. Years of hard work paid off. In 2020, Kobayashi finally got the chance and debuted in a small painted-face role in Wild Boar Forest, one of Shincyo Theater’s productions, which got well-received. After graduation, Kobayashi worked for a company in cosmetics, but he still studies Peking Opera in his free time and occasionally performs with Shincyo Theater. “Becoming a professional Peking Opera performer in Japan is difficult and might not be practical as a long-term career. In China, performers usually start training at four or five, whereas I began close to 20. Even so, I’d still like to pursue it professionally and give it my best shot,” said Kobayashi. 1．What sparked Kobayashi’s initial interest in Chinese history and culture? A．School lessons related to China. B．A visit to the Shincyo Theater. C．Chinese tales told in Japanese comic. D．A video of a historical Peking Opera. 2．Which of the following words can best describe Kobayashi? A．Optimistic and considerate. B．Persistent and diligent. C．Energetic and determined. D．Creative and passionate. 3．What does the underlined word “debuted” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Played a leading role. B．Painted a facial makeup. C．Performed for the first time. D．Conquered the stage fright. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．He has to quit owing to starting late. B．He will keep informed and practise occasionally. C．He is willing to give it a shot despite the difficulties. D．He tries to be a professional Peking Opera performer. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述日本青年小林崇德Takanori Kobayashi崇德热爱京剧，克服困难坚持学习并追求专业表演的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“His fascination with Chinese history began in his early childhood, influenced by Japanese manga (漫画), especially works like Romance of the Three Kingdoms. (他对中国历史的迷恋始于童年，受到日本漫画的影响，尤其是《三国演义》等作品。)”可知，用日本漫画讲述的中国故事激发了小林最初对中国历史和文化的兴趣。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“At 18, Kobayashi moved to Tokyo to attend Chuo University, majoring in Chinese language and culture, while attending Zhang’ s Peking Opera classes every Saturday. (18岁时，小林搬到东京中央大学就读，主修中国语言和文化，同时每周六参加张的京剧课。)”和第四段中“Years of hard work paid off.(多年的辛勤工作得到了回报)”可知，小林自18岁时开始主修中国语言和文化，并每周六参加张的京剧课，并坚持了很多年，这体现了他坚持不懈，勤奋的性格特指。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Kobayashi finally got the chance (小林终于得到了机会)”及“in a small painted-face role in Wild Boar Forest, one of Shincyo Theater’s productions, which got well-received. (在新桥剧团的作品《野猪森林》中扮演了一个画着脸的小角色，受到了好评。)”可知，小林终于得到机会，扮演了其中一个角色，由此推断，划线单词的含义是“第一次演出，首演”。故选C。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In China, performers usually start training at four or five, whereas I began close to 4. Even so, I’d still like to pursue it professionally and give it my best shot,” said Kobayashi. (在中国，演员通常在四五岁开始训练，而我是在20岁左右开始训练的。即便如此，我仍然想以职业的方式追求它，尽我最大的努力。)”可知，虽然小林开始学京剧的时间较晚，但尽管困难重重，他仍然愿意再次尝试。故选C。 Passage 04 （24-25高二上·江苏宿迁·期末）In the heart of Yorkshire, Glen Williams’ work connects with the everyday experiences of the working class. His artistic journey began in the 1970s, shaped by the industrial landscape and the lives of those around him. Glen’s story speaks to art lovers, especially those who have walked similar paths, as he brings a deep understanding of community and resilience to his work. Growing up in a working-class family, he liked to go to school. Art was the very subject that truly excited him and he remembered searching for “any piece of paper or card” to create sculptures, often using the backs of envelopes and cardboard boxes. This resourcefulness remains with him and he continues to include abandoned materials in his art, showing his commitment to sustainability. His journey as an artist was not always easy. “I didn’t really pick up a paint brush for the next 40 years,” he revealed, as life’s responsibilities, like work and family, took over. Ultimately, he returned to painting while suffering from mental illness. Glen found it very therapeutic (有疗效的) to draw what he was experiencing. He passionately advocated for art therapy, stating, “I think there should be a lot more made of it in society,” stressing the need for creative outlets in mental health. Growing up in South Yorkshire, Glen lived in a community of miners and steelworkers. “Working-class people feature heavily throughout my work,” he noted, recalling school trips to coal mines and steelworks. This rich background shapes his paintings, which often show the daily lives and struggles of these individuals. He captures their dignity and spirit, inviting viewers to connect with their stories. His recent exhibition at Huddersfield Art Gallery highlights his focus on people and community. Through his art, Glen invites viewers to reflect on their own memories and experiences, creating a connection that celebrates shared humanity. 1．What influenced Glen Williams’ artistic journey? A．Art lovers. B．Economic growth. C．His education. D．His growth background. 2．Why did Glen Williams search for “any piece of paper or card” to create sculptures? A．Because of his passion for art. B．Because of his family’s support. C．Because of its desirable features. D．Because of environmental worries. 3．Why did Glen Williams return to painting? A．To advocate art. B．To avoid responsibility. C．To pursue a dream. D．To seek mental comfort. 4．What do we know about Glen Williams’ art? A．It helps relate to the working class. B．It shows the heavy work for workers. C．It conveys his dissatisfaction with life. D．It unlocks viewers’ memories of the past. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了艺术家Glen Williams的成长经历和艺术创作。同时文章介绍了其近期的展览，指出他对人和社区的关注，通过艺术邀请观众反思自身记忆和经历，建立共享人性的联系。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In the heart of Yorkshire, Glen Williams’ work connects with the everyday experiences of the working class. His artistic journey began in the 1970s, shaped by the industrial landscape and the lives of those around him.(在约克郡的中心，Glen Williams的作品与工人阶级的日常生活经历紧密相连。他的艺术之旅始于20世纪70年代，受到了工业景观和周围人生活的熏陶。)”可知，Glen Williams的艺术作品与工人阶级的日常生活经历紧密相连，受到了工业景观和周围人生活的熏陶即受到了他的成长背景的影响。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Growing up in a working-class family, he liked to go to school. Art was the very subject that truly excited him and he remembered searching for ‘any piece of paper or card’ to create sculptures, often using the backs of envelopes and cardboard boxes.(他成长于一个工人阶级家庭，喜欢上学。艺术是真正让他兴奋的主题，他记得自己为了创作雕塑而四处寻找“任何纸片或纸板”，经常使用信封背面和纸板箱。)”可知，Glen Williams因为对艺术的热爱而四处寻找纸片或纸板来创作雕塑。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Ultimately, he returned to painting while suffering from mental illness. Glen found it very therapeutic (有疗效的) to draw what he was experiencing.(最终，他在患有精神疾病时回到了绘画。Glen发现把自己所经历的画出来很有疗效。)”可知，Glen Williams回到绘画是为了寻求精神上的安慰。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In the heart of Yorkshire, Glen Williams’ work connects with the everyday experiences of the working class.(在约克郡的中心，Glen Williams的作品与工人阶级的日常生活经历紧密相连。)”以及第四段“Growing up in South Yorkshire, Glen lived in a community of miners and steelworkers. ‘Working-class people feature heavily throughout my work,’ he noted, recalling school trips to coal mines and steelworks. This rich background shapes his paintings, which often show the daily lives and struggles of these individuals.(在南约克郡长大，Glen生活在一个矿工和钢铁工人的社区里。他回忆起学校组织的煤矿和钢铁厂之旅时说：“工人阶级在我的作品中占据重要地位。”这一丰富的背景塑造了他的画作，这些画作经常展现这些人的日常生活和奋斗。)”可知，Glen Williams的艺术作品与工人阶级紧密相关，反映了他们的生活和奋斗。因此，A选项“It helps relate to the working class.(它有助于与工人阶级建立联系)”符合题意。故选A项。 Passage 05 （24-25高二上·江苏苏州·期末）Driving home from work, Will spotted a For Sale sign on the last remaining farm in the city of Milwaukee. An idea flashed through Will’s head. He could grow food here. Most people in the neighborhood were not eating well. “Folks were living in what I call a food desert,” Will says, “I knew I had to do something, because you can’t have a healthy community without healthy food.” Will hired some neighborhood teenagers to help him get started. They “grew” new soil by composting, which means collecting food waste and piling it up until it breaks down and turns into soil. Then they made good natural fertilizer (肥料) before starting growing food. Today, Growing Power Community Food Center is growing enough food to feed people in the neighborhood. In the winter, the compost gives off enough heat to keep the greenhouses warm as it breaks down into soil. Goats, chickens, and turkeys live behind the greenhouses. Red-eyed fish are swimming in aquariums (水族箱) at the center of the greenhouses. The fish are for eating, but they also help the plants grow. The water they swim in, enriched by the fish droppings, is channeled toward the pots containing vegetables. Then it is cleaned by other plants, and returned to the fish tank as pure water. “We don’t waste anything here,” Will says. “The city farm of the future is a multi-storied building, angled toward the sun. This idea, called ‘vertical (垂直的) farming’, is a new way to feed more people. You grow fish on the bottom floor and pump the water up to the top. Then the water is piped down from floor to floor, through beds of growing plants, ranging from leafy greens up high to mushrooms lower down. By the time the water returns to the fish on the bottom floor, it’s clean again.” Will says, “Growing food is powerful and it can change the world!” 1．Why did Will decide to grow food in Milwaukee? A．To enable people to eat better. B．To make some profits by farming. C．To build a harmonious community. D．To transform the desert into a farm. 2．What do we know about Will’s food centre? A．It works like a forest and wastes nothing. B．It is a greenhouse and provides heat in winter. C．It is a city farm and employs chemical fertilizers. D．It collects conventional soil and uses animal waste. 3．Which of the following can best describe Will? A．Thoughtful and faithful. B．Adventurous and generous. C．Creative and ambitious. D．Humorous and farsighted. 4．What is Will talking about in the last paragraph? A．The procedure of water cleaning. B．The influence of vertical farming. C．The vision for future city farming. D．The description of a future building. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。威尔在密尔沃基看到待售农场，决定种植食物改善社区饮食。他建立生态农场，并设想未来垂直农场，认为种植食物能改变世界。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Most people in the neighborhood were not eating well. “Folks were living in what I call a food desert,” Will says, “I knew I had to do something, because you can’t have a healthy community without healthy food.” (附近的大多数人都吃得不好。威尔说：“人们生活在我所说的食物沙漠中，我知道我必须做点什么，因为没有健康的食物，就没有健康的社区。”)”可知，威尔所在社区的大多数人饮食不健康，他认为没有健康的食物就没有健康的社区，所以他决定种植食物是为了让人们吃得更好。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “They “grew” new soil by composting, which means collecting food waste and piling it up until it breaks down and turns into soil. Then they made good natural fertilizer (肥料) before starting growing food. Today, Growing Power Community Food Center is growing enough food to feed people in the neighborhood. In the winter, the compost gives off enough heat to keep the greenhouses warm as it breaks down into soil. Goats, chickens, and turkeys live behind the greenhouses. Red-eyed fish are swimming in aquariums (水族箱) at the center of the greenhouses. The fish are for eating, but they also help the plants grow. The water they swim in, enriched by the fish droppings, is channeled toward the pots containing vegetables. Then it is cleaned by other plants, and returned to the fish tank as pure water. “We don’t waste anything here,” Will says. (他们通过堆肥“种植”新的土壤，这意味着收集食物垃圾并将其堆放起来，直到它分解并变成土壤。然后，在开始种植食物之前，他们制作了优质的天然肥料。今天，成长力量社区食品中心正在种植足够的食物来养活附近的人们。在冬天，堆肥分解成土壤时会释放出足够的热量来保持温室的温暖。山羊、鸡和火鸡住在温室后面。红眼鱼在温室中心的水族馆里游泳。鱼是用来吃的，但它们也有助于植物生长。它们游泳的水被鱼粪富集，被引导到装有蔬菜的锅里。然后，它被其他植物清洗，并作为纯净水返回鱼缸。威尔说：“我们在这里什么都不浪费。”。)”可知，威尔的食物中心通过堆肥制造新土壤、利用鱼的粪便为植物提供养分、水循环利用等，可知这个食物中心的运作就像一个森林生态系统一样，没有任何浪费。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Driving home from work, Will spotted a For Sale sign on the last remaining farm in the city of Milwaukee. An idea flashed through Will’s head. He could grow food here. (威尔下班开车回家，在密尔沃基市最后一个农场上看到了一个待售标志。威尔脑海中闪过一个念头。他可以在这里种植粮食。)”可知，威尔看到城市里最后的农场，就想到种植食物来改善社区人们的饮食，这体现了他的创造力；根据文章最后一段““The city farm of the future is a multi-storied building, angled toward the sun. This idea, called ‘vertical (垂直的) farming’, is a new way to feed more people. You grow fish on the bottom floor and pump the water up to the top. Then the water is piped down from floor to floor, through beds of growing plants, ranging from leafy greens up high to mushrooms lower down. By the time the water returns to the fish on the bottom floor, it’s clean again.” Will says, “Growing food is powerful and it can change the world!” (“未来的城市农场是一座朝向太阳的多层建筑。这种被称为‘垂直农场’的想法是一种养活更多人的新方式。你在底层养鱼，然后把水抽到顶层。然后，水通过管道从一层楼流到另一层楼，穿过从高到低的绿叶蔬菜到蘑菇的植物床。当水回到底层的鱼身上时，它又干净了。”威尔说：“种植粮食是强大的，它可以改变世界！”)”可知，他不仅建立了食物中心，还对未来的城市农场有新的设想，并认为种植食物可以改变世界，这显示出他有雄心壮志。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段““The city farm of the future is a multi-storied building, angled toward the sun. This idea, called ‘vertical (垂直的) farming’, is a new way to feed more people. You grow fish on the bottom floor and pump the water up to the top. Then the water is piped down from floor to floor, through beds of growing plants, ranging from leafy greens up high to mushrooms lower down. By the time the water returns to the fish on the bottom floor, it’s clean again.” Will says, “Growing food is powerful and it can change the world!” (“未来的城市农场是一座朝向太阳的多层建筑。这种被称为‘垂直农场’的想法是一种养活更多人的新方式。你在底层养鱼，然后把水抽到顶层。然后，水通过管道从一层楼流到另一层楼，穿过从高到低的绿叶蔬菜到蘑菇的植物床。当水回到底层的鱼身上时，它又干净了。”威尔说：“种植粮食是强大的，它可以改变世界！”)”可知，威尔描述了“vertical farming (垂直农业)”这种新的种植方式，以及未来城市农场是一个多层建筑，朝向太阳，鱼在底层养殖，水通过植物层循环等，这是对未来城市农业的设想。故选C项。 Passage 06 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）Catherine Borowski and her partner Lee Baker are the founders of Graphic Rewilding, a project to place huge nature-inspired artworks into the urban landscape. “We just want to add the colour and diversity of nature into run-down spaces, urging people to notice and find joy in the world around them,” says Baker. Baker, a painter, has long understood the benefits of biophilic (热爱自然的) design. Having suffered a breakdown 10 years ago, Baker found that drawing flowers was the only way to lift his spirit. It was around this time that Baker met Borowski, and joined her production company as a creative director. The pair have worked together ever since launching Graphic Rewilding in 2021. Since then, they’ve decorated many buildings at locations including Earl’s Court station, Lewes Castle and Westfield Shopping Centre in Shepherd’s Bush—all hand drawn by Baker. “We love galleries, but we focus on public art. This way, our work is out there for everyone to enjoy,” Baker says. The pair believe that flowers have serious power, even when they're not real. “We know that spending time in nature is good for us, but studies show that even pictures of plants have a positive effect on the mind,” says Baker. He discovers from the research that images of plants in hospital waiting rooms can help reduce feelings of stress inpatients. Even so, they admit that art is no match for Mother Nature. “Some people expressed concern that our project might hurt real rewilding efforts. But both can coexist,” says Borowski. “Of course, we want more green space. But we aren’t gardeners. We’re artists. In the absence of nature, we want to create inspiring spaces through art.” Overall, the response has been hugely positive. “The joy that these artworks bring is evident,” says Borowski, highlighting an early project in Crawley, West Sussex, where they painted brick walls, billboards, benches and even bins. “There were so many smiling faces,” she says. “Putting art into a place that previously felt unloved feels like developing joy where there was none.” 1．What is the Graphic Rewilding project aimed at? A．Bringing cities to life through art. B．Promoting people’s appreciation of art. C．Promoting biodiversity in urban areas. D．Raising people’s eco-friendly awareness. 2．What led Baker to fall in love with biophilic design? A．His working experience in the wild. B．His research on the benefits of plants. C．A collaboration with Catherine Borowski. D．A comforting experience of drawing flowers. 3．What distinguishes Graphic Rewilding from gallery exhibitions? A．It gives access to everyone B．It creates hand-drawn designs. C．It focuses on famous buildings. D．It expressed itself more artistically. 4．How do most people react to the pair’s artworks? A．Indifferent. B．Doubtful. C．Appreciative. D．objective. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Catherine Borowski和她的搭档Lee Baker共同创建了Graphic Rewilding项目，将大自然色彩和多样性融入到破败的空间中，让人们在日常生活中发现世界的美好。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Catherine Borowski and her partner Lee Baker are the founders of Graphic Rewilding, a project to place huge nature-inspired artworks into the urban landscape.(Catherine Borowski和她的搭档Lee Baker是Graphic Rewilding项目的创始人，该项目旨在将巨大的以自然为灵感的艺术品融入城市景观。)”以及“We just want to add the colour and diversity of nature into run-down spaces, urging people to notice and find joy in the world around them,(我们只是想把自然的色彩和多样性添加到破败的空间中，促使人们注意到并找到周围世界的乐趣，)”可知，Graphic Rewilding项目的目的是通过艺术为城市注入活力。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Having suffered a breakdown 10 years ago, Baker found that drawing flowers was the only way to lift his spirit.(10年前，Baker精神崩溃，他发现画花是唯一能提振他精神的方法。)”可知，一次画花的安慰经历让Baker爱上了亲生物设计。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“We love galleries, but we focus on public art. This way, our work is out there for everyone to enjoy,(我们喜欢画廊，但我们专注于公共艺术。这样，我们的作品就可以让每个人欣赏，)”可知，Graphic Rewilding与画廊展览的区别在于它面向大众，每个人都可以欣赏。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Overall, the response has been hugely positive.(总的来说，反响非常积极。)”以及“There were so many smiling faces,(有很多笑脸，)”可知，大多数人对这对搭档的艺术作品都很欣赏。故选C项。 Passage 07 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）Frank Caprio is a well-known judge who has gained popularity for his caring and understanding approach in the courtroom. Born on November 23, 1936, Caprio serves as the Chief Judge of the Providence Municipal Court in Rhode Island, USA． His trials have been turned into a television program called “Caught in Providence”, which airs on local Fox stations and presents his work. Caprio’s decisions often reflect a mixture of legal strictness and human warmth. He is known for his merciful judgments and his ability to connect with the people before him. For instance, in one case, a 96-year-old man was brought before Caprio for speeding in a school zone. The elderly man explained that he was driving his 63-year-old son, who has cancer, to a blood test. After hearing the man’s story, Caprio responded with sympathy, highlighting the man’s dedication to his family at an advanced age. Judge Caprio has been called “the warmest judge” by his admirers because of his way of handling justice. His trials prove that the law can be applied with understanding and mercy, which has made him a beloved figure both in the United States and around the world. Another heartwarming example is that Caprio once canceled a double fine for a truck driver who hadn’t got a notice for a previous fine. After the case was dismissed, the driver shared that 20 years ago, as a lost teenager, Caprio had asked him about his future dreams during a trial, a question that marked a turning point in the driver’s life. Caprio’s story is not just about his role as a judge but also about how a single kind act can affect someone’s life. His way of working as a judge shows that justice can be done with sympathy and that sometimes a kind word can change a person’s path for the better. 1．What makes Frank Caprio popular? A．His appearances in a TV program. B．His ability to solve complex legal cases. C．His balance of mercy and justice in trials. D．His strict legal decisions in the courtroom. 2．Which word can best describe Judge Caprio in dealing with the speeding case? A．Flexible. B．Stubborn. C．Generous. D．Passionate. 3．What lasting impact did Judge Caprio have on the truck driver? A．He taught the driver the importance of obeying traffic laws. B．He inspired the driver to map out his future life path. C．He eased the driver’s financial burden by canceling the fine. D．He encouraged the driver to take responsibility for his actions. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Life and Work of Frank Caprio B．The Challenges of Modern Justice C．The Role of a Judge in the Courtroom D．The Humanity of a Judge in the Courtroom 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Frank Caprio是一位以同情和理解著称的法官，他在法庭上人性化的判决展现了法律与仁慈的结合，其善意的言行对许多人产生了深远的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Frank Caprio is a well-known judge who has gained popularity for his caring and understanding approach in the courtroom. (Frank Caprio是一位著名的法官，他因在法庭上充满关怀和理解的态度而广受欢迎)”和第四段中“His trials prove that the law can be applied with understanding and mercy, which has made him a beloved figure both in the United States and around the world. (他的审判证明，法律可以在理解和仁慈的基础上得到执行，这使他成为美国和世界各地备受爱戴的人物)”可知，他的受欢迎源于他在审判中平衡了仁慈与正义。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The elderly man explained that he was driving his 63-year-old son, who has cancer, to a blood test. After hearing the man’s story, Caprio responded with sympathy, highlighting the man’s dedication to his family at an advanced age. (这位老人解释说，他当时正开车载着他63岁、患有癌症的儿子去做血液检查。听完老人的讲述后，Caprio表现出同情，并赞扬了老人在高龄时仍对家庭如此奉献的精神)”可知，Caprio没有机械地执行法律，而是根据老人的特殊情况表现出理解和同情。这反映了他对案件的个性化考量，他是灵活的。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“After the case was dismissed, the driver shared that 20 years ago, as a lost teenager, Caprio had asked him about his future dreams during a trial, a question that marked a turning point in the driver’s life. (案件被撤销后，这位司机分享道，20年前，当他还是一个迷茫的少年时，Caprio在一次审判中询问了他关于未来梦想的问题，这个问题成为了他人生中的一个转折点)”可知，Caprio的言行对司机产生了深远影响，激励他规划未来。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Caprio’s story is not just about his role as a judge but also about how a single kind act can affect someone’s life. His way of working as a judge shows that justice can be done with sympathy and that sometimes a kind word can change a person’s path for the better. (Caprio的故事不仅仅关于他作为法官的角色，还关于一个善意的举动如何影响一个人的一生。他作为法官的工作方式表明，正义可以在同情的基础上实现，有时一句温暖的话语就能改变一个人的命运，使其走向更好的方向)”可知，文章主要讲述了Caprio在法庭上如何通过同情和理解来执行法律，展现了他在审判中的人性化一面。因此，D项“法庭上法官的人性”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 Passage 08 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）Accompanied by her father, using a combination of aid and free climbing and taking advantage of some special equipment and ropes for protection, 10-year-old Selah made it to the top of El Capitan on June 12 after five days of big wall climbing. Climbing the challenging and adventurous Nose route of El Capitan was a labour of love for Selah in more than one way. Her parents, Mike and Joy Schneiter, fell in love on this 3,000-plus-foot huge rock and she has always wanted to feel the way that her parents felt when they were up there together. Selah showed great interest in rock climbing at an early age. She wore her first rock-climbing equipment shortly after she learned to walk. She first dreamed of climbing El Capitan when she was 6 or 7. El Capitan is a famous mountain-sized rock in Yosemite National Park. Getting to its top is no easy task. It’s taller, as reported, than the tallest building in the world — Dubai’s Burj Khalifa. El Capitan, with its difficult Nose route, which runs more than 3,000 feet high up the centre of the rock’s face, is considered one of the world’s hardest big wall climbs and has attracted the best climbers over time. But never before had a youngster accomplished it. Selah’s achievement caught national attention. Outside Magazine called her the youngest documented person to climb the Nose. Ken Yager, president of the Yosemite Climbing Association, said he also couldn’t think of anyone younger who had done it. Selah didn’t talk much about her El Capitan accomplishment. “I’m not necessarily a special kid or anything like that, she said. “There were a few times when I would be so worn that it somewhat discouraged me from holding on. But overall, it was just great to keep going.” Selah shared this advice for other young climbers dreaming of big walls, “It doesn’t necessarily take a super special person to achieve something like that. You just have to put your mind to it.” 1．What do we learn about Selah climbing El Capitan? A．She got inspired by her family history. B．She began her climbing on June 12. C．She managed without any external help. D．She was the first female to reach the top. 2．What is the purpose of paragraph 3? A．To arouse readers’ interest in El Capitan. B．To provide basic information about El Capitan. C．To stress the challenge of climbing El Capitan. D．To state the reasons for El Capitan’s popularity. 3．Which of the following words best describe Selah? A．Realistic and fortunate. B．Flexible and selfless. C．Efficient and inspiring. D．Humble and determined. 4．What may be Selah’s advice for other young climbers? A．Nothing is impossible for a genius. B．Dream big and aim high. C．Chance favours the prepared mind. D．Be committed to your ambition. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了10岁女孩Selah成功攀登酋长岩的励志故事。 1．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Her parents, Mike and Joy Schneiter, fell in love on this 3,000-plus-foot huge rock and she has always wanted to feel the way that her parents felt when they were up there together. (她的父母Mike和Joy Schneiter就是在这座3000多英尺高的巨大岩石上坠入爱河的，因此她一直渴望能体验到父母当年共同站在那里的感觉。)”可知，Selah受到家族历史的启发，所以她去攀登酋长岩。故选A。 2．推理判断题。由文章第三段“El Capitan is a famous mountain-sized rock in Yosemite National Park. Getting to its top is no easy task. It’s taller, as reported, than the tallest building in the world — Dubai’s Burj Khalifa. El Capitan, with its difficult Nose route, which runs more than 3,000 feet high up the centre of the rock’s face, is considered one of the world’s hardest big wall climbs and has attracted the best climbers over time. But never before had a youngster accomplished it. (酋长岩是优胜美地国家公园内一座著名的巨型岩石山。登上它的顶峰绝非易事。据报道，它比世界上最高的建筑——迪拜的哈利法塔还要高。酋长岩的“鼻子线”之路艰难无比，这条路线沿着岩石表面的中心向上延伸超过3000英尺，被认为是世界上最困难的大岩壁攀登路线之一，长期以来吸引了众多顶尖攀岩者前来挑战。但此前从未有未成年人成功攀登过。)”可知，本段主要强调攀登酋长岩的挑战。故选C。 3．推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“Selah didn’t talk much about her El Capitan accomplishment. “I’m not necessarily a special kid or anything like that, she said. “There were a few times when I would be so worn that it somewhat discouraged me from holding on. But overall, it was just great to keep going.” (Selah并没有过多谈论她攀登酋长岩的成就。“我并不是什么特别的孩子，”她说，“有几次我累极了，有些灰心，不想再坚持下去。但总的来说，能继续攀登真是太棒了。”)”和最后一段“Selah shared this advice for other young climbers dreaming of big walls, “It doesn’t necessarily take a super special person to achieve something like that. You just have to put your mind to it.” (Selah向其他梦想攀登大岩壁的年轻攀岩者分享了她的建议：“要取得这样的成就，并不一定需要成为超级特别的人。你只需要下定决心去做。”)”可知，Selah在谈到自己的成就时很谦虚，认为自己并不是什么特别的人，但她仍然坚持了下来，并鼓励其他年轻的攀岩者要坚定自己的志向，所以Selah是谦虚而坚定的。故选D。 4．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Selah shared this advice for other young climbers dreaming of big walls, “It doesn’t necessarily take a super special person to achieve something like that. You just have to put your mind to it.” (Selah向其他梦想攀登大岩壁的年轻攀岩者分享了她的建议：“要取得这样的成就，并不一定需要成为超级特别的人。你只需要下定决心去做。”)”可知，Selah给其他年轻攀岩者的建议是要对自己的志向坚定不移。故选D。 Passage 09 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）“I am not out of place, I am where I belong.” says British student Bruno Walker, after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a patient in Zhengzhou, China. Some locals are astonished by receiving traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from a foreigner, but Walker is confident in his path. He is among a growing number of foreigners engaging in TCM, mixing their Western backgrounds with ancient Chinese healing arts. Walker, from Britain, came to China in 2015, drawn by martial arts. While learning Shaolin kung fu in Henan, he developed a curiosity about Chinese culture and medicine. After a year of intensive Chinese study, he signed up in Henan University of Chinese Medicine. Now a graduate student specializing in acupuncture, he has treated over a thousand patients. “He is skilled in heartbeat diagnosis (诊断) and acupuncture,” says his teacher, Professor Yu Dongdong. “He can practise independently.” Under his Chinese name “Wuyan.” Bruno has become an online hit on the video-sharing platform Douyin, gathering over 900,000 followers. Balancing his roles as practitioner and internet celebrity, he presents local culture in fluent Henan dialect (方言), often alongside his local girlfriend. “Your grasp of the Henan dialect is even more authentic than mine,” comments one follower. Apparently, his cultural involvement has endeared him to many. He also treated his grandmother’s health problems with acupuncture, leading to her swift recovery. With his growing fan base, Brano feels a responsibility. “Posting videos was just a pastime, but now I want to participate in more meaningful projects,” he says. He plans to create bilingual videos promoting TCM and sharing stories of ancient Chinese medical experts. “I’m devoted to spreading awareness of TCM and its far-reaching cultural significance,” he adds. Whether in China or Britain, he plans to devote himself to TCM. “I will do anything to help people through TCM. That’s my calling.” 1．What does Bruno’s words imply in paragraph 1? A．He is content with current situation. B．He is curious about doing acupuncture. C．He is willing to cure the locals with TCM. D．He is satisfied with his foreign background. 2．Why did Bruno decide to study TCM? A．He was influenced by his teacher. B．He aimed to introduce TCM to Britain. C．He wanted to become an internet celebrity. D．He was inspired while learning martial arts. 3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Bruno’s success in treating his relatives. B．Bruno’s difficulties in learning the Henan dialect. C．Bruno’s challenges in balancing his multiple roles. D．Bruno’s popularity in winning people online and offline. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this text? A．To highlight a unique cultural integration in TCM. B．To emphasize the importance of TCM in education. C．To explore the benefits of practicing TCM in China. D．To encourage the use of dialects in promoting TCM. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了英国人布鲁诺学习中医并在中国传播中医药学的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中““I am not out of place, I am where I belong.” says British student Bruno Walker, after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a patient in Zhengzhou, China. (英国学生布鲁诺·沃克在中国郑州对一名患者进行针灸治疗后说：“我并没有格格不入，我在属于我的地方。”)”可知，Bruno认为自己适合现在的环境。由此推知，他对目前的情况感到满足。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“While learning Shaolin kung fu in Henan, he developed a curiosity about Chinese culture and medicine. After a year of intensive Chinese study, he signed up in Henan University of Chinese Medicine. (在河南学习少林功夫时，他对中国文化和医学产生了好奇心。经过一年深入的中文学习，他报名参加了河南中医药大学)”可知，Bruno在学习少林功夫时，对中国文化和中医产生了兴趣，从而决定学习中医。故选D项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Under his Chinese name “Wuyan.” Bruno has become an online hit on the video-sharing platform Douyin, gathering over 900,000 followers. Balancing his roles as practitioner and internet celebrity, he presents local culture in fluent Henan dialect (方言), often alongside his local girlfriend. “Your grasp of the Henan dialect is even more authentic than mine,” comments one follower. Apparently, his cultural involvement has endeared him to many. He also treated his grandmother’s health problems with acupuncture, leading to her swift recovery. (布鲁诺在视频分享平台抖音上走红，拥有90多万粉丝。他平衡了从业者和网络名人的角色，用流利的河南方言展示了当地文化，经常和他当地的女朋友在一起。一位追随者评论道：“你对河南方言的掌握甚至比我的更地道。”显然，他的文化参与使他深受许多人的喜爱。他还用针灸治疗了祖母的健康问题，使她迅速康复)”可知，第三段提到Bruno因在社交媒体上的表现和流利的方言表达，吸引了众多粉丝；他的文化融合使他在线上线下获得认可，强调了他在网络和现实生活中的人气。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了外国人Bruno通过学习和推广中医实现了文化融合，展现了中医作为独特文化方式的魅力，因此本文目的是突出中医中的一种独特文化融合现象。故选A项。 Passage 10 （24-25高二上·湖南永州·期末）Ever since my daughter Gabi was just a young child, she has been curious about the world around her, always ready to ask “why” and “how” questions. I thought it could be fun to talk to my daughter about female scientists. I discovered there was a scientist, Ada Lovelace. She had a love for mathematics and a belief that computers can be used to finish many tasks humans do. I told Gabi about Lovelace's contributions to the field and the impact she had on me as a scientist and mathematician. Today, computers are such an essential part of our daily lives; we can’t imagine living without them. The idea that computers can go beyond just calculating numbers and perform any abstract operation is the phenomenon of our technology. However, not everyone knows that this idea dates back to long before the first programmable, general-purpose digital computer was introduced in the 1940s. This concept goes back to the 1800s, thanks to Loveluce, a pioneer in mathematics and computing, who was recognized as the first computer programmer. Lovelace also held her belief that while computers had endless potential, they could not be truly intelligent. She argued that AI can’t create anything original without learning from human input. This is still true today as AI becomes increasingly common in our everyday lives. While ChatGPT and similar AI tools may seem to have a “mind” of their own, those tools are simply parroting human-generated content on the internet. Lovelace was an incredibly intelligent woman, who contributed so much to mathematics and computer science. Her enthusiasm and determination led her to look further and search deeper. I hope Loyelace will inspire my daughter and other young girls to consider following in her footsteps. 1．What can be learned about Gabi? A．She has great admiration for Lovelace. B．She has a dream of becoming a scientist. C．She shows strong curiosity about the world. D．She believes computers are as smart as humans. 2．What does the author stress in paragraph 2? A．The invention of computers. B．Lovelace’s contribution to science. C．The development of technology. D．Lovelace’s education background. 3．What does the underlined word “parroting” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Repeating. B．Creating. C．Appreciating. D．Imagining. 4．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text? A．To show her interest in science. B．To explain the significance of computers. C．To provide an example for girls to follow. D．To demonstrate the disadvantage of computers. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与女儿Gabi谈论女科学家Ada Lovelace的故事，介绍了Lovelace对科学的贡献及其对后代的启发。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Ever since my daughter Gabi was just a young child, she has been curious about the world around her, always ready to ask “why” and “how” questions. I thought it could be fun to talk to my daughter about female scientists.(自从我的女儿Gabi还是个孩子时，她就对周围的世界充满了好奇，总是准备好问‘为什么’和‘如何’这样的问题)”可知，Gabi对世界充满了强烈的好奇心。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“However, not everyone knows that this idea dates back to long before the first programmable, general-purpose digital computer was introduced in the 1940s. This concept goes back to the 1800s, thanks to Loveluce, a pioneer in mathematics and computing, who was recognized as the first computer programmer.(然而，并不是每个人都知道，这个想法可以追溯到20世纪40年代第一台可编程的通用数字计算机问世之前很久。这个概念可以追溯到19世纪，多亏了Loveluce，数学和计算的先驱，她被认为是第一个计算机程序员)”可推知，此段强调了Lovelace对科学的贡献。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段的“Lovelace also held her belief that while computers had endless potential, they could not be truly intelligent. She argued that AI can’t create anything original without learning from human input (洛夫莱斯还认为，虽然计算机有无限的潜力，但它们不可能真正智能。她认为，如果不从人类输入中学习，人工智能就无法创造出任何原创的东西)”可知，洛夫莱斯认为计算机不可能真正智能，不从人类输入中学习就无法创造出任何原创的东西；结合划线词所在句中的让步状语从句“While ChatGPT and similar AI tools may seem to have a “mind” of their own(虽然ChatGPT和类似的人工智能工具似乎有自己的‘思想’)”可知，“those tools are simply parroting human-generated content on the internet(这些工具只是在互联网上parroting人类生成的内容)”表达的意思是“这些工具只是重复人类生成的内容”，即这些内容不是这些工具原创的，划线词“parroting”的意思是“重复”，与repeating同义。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I hope Loyelace will inspire my daughter and other young girls to consider following in her footsteps.(我希望Lovelace能够激励我的女儿和其他年轻女孩考虑追随她的脚步)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了提供一个女孩们可以效仿的榜样。故选C。 Passage 11 （24-25高二上·湖南郴州·期末）Dala horses, the brightly painted wooden horses, with their complex patterns, come from the Dalarna region and date back to the 1600s. Originally carved as toys, they gradually became the symbols of Swedish tradition over time. That was my first learning about Dala horses from a book on Swedish culture. While I didn’t fully understand the deeper meaning at that time, I was immediately drawn to their charm and uniqueness. When I was younger, I remember how excited I was when my parents took me to a craft workshop. I had seen these colorful horses in many places — on postcards, at the zoo and even in shops. But this time, I was going to create one myself. The process was so much fun! First, we started with a small wooden block. We used carving tools to carefully shape the wood into a horse. It was a bit tricky at first, and my hands were so shaky, but as I kept carving, the shape of the horse slowly started to appear. Once we were done carving, it was time to paint! I felt like an artist as I painted tiny flowers and swirls (旋涡) on its body. My horse was not perfect, but it felt like a masterpiece to me! I still remember how proud I felt holding the finished horse. Its patterns, painted in bright red, blue and yellow, looked like the Dala horses I had seen before. My parents told me that the colors and designs meant something special, and I could tell this little wooden horse had a bigger meaning than just being a decoration. Years later, I still have that Dala horse in my room. It’s a reminder of that wonderful day and my connection to Swedish traditions. The Dala horse is more than a piece of art — it’s a symbol of history, culture, and cherished memories. 1．Which is the true statement about the Dala horse? A．It was originally used as a decoration. B．It came from the Swedish region of Dalarna. C．It originated from a famous book in Swedish culture. D．It is a modern invention inspired by traditional wooden toys. 2．How did the author feel when he first learned about the Dala horse? A．Indifferent. B．Confused. C．Fascinated. D．Skeptical. 3．Why did the author like his Dala horse so much? A．His parents spoke highly of his remarkable carving skills. B．It served as a reminder of his bond with Swedish traditions. C．It approached an ideal state of perfection in form and detail. D．It exhibited a remarkable similarity to the ones on postcards. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Dala Horses: Carved from happiness B．Dala Horses: A Swedish Artistic Wonder C．Discovering the Beauty of Dala Horses’ Patterns D．The History and Making of Dala Horses in Sweden 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从书中了解到瑞典达拉木马，对其产生兴趣，之后在手工坊亲手制作达拉木马，这一经历不仅让作者感受到制作的乐趣，更让作者体会到它所承载的瑞典传统文化。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Dala horses, the brightly painted wooden horses, with their complex patterns, come from the Dalarna region and date back to the 1600s. Originally carved as toys, they gradually became the symbols of Swedish tradition over time.(达拉木马，这些色彩鲜艳、图案复杂的木马，来自达拉纳地区，可追溯到17世纪。最初被雕刻成玩具，随着时间的推移，它们逐渐成为瑞典传统的象征)”可知，达拉木马来自瑞典的达拉纳地区。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That was my first learning about Dala horses from a book on Swedish culture. While I didn’t fully understand the deeper meaning at that time, I was immediately drawn to their charm and uniqueness.(那是我第一次从一本关于瑞典文化的书中了解到达拉木马。虽然当时我并没有完全理解其深层含义，但我立刻被它们的魅力和独特性所吸引)”可知，作者第一次了解到达拉木马时，被它们的魅力和独特性所吸引，即感到着迷。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Years later, I still have that Dala horse in my room. It’s a reminder of that wonderful day and my connection to Swedish traditions.(多年后，我的房间里还放着那匹达拉木马。它让我想起了那个美好的日子，以及我与瑞典传统的联系)”可推知，作者非常喜欢他的达拉木马，因为它提醒着作者与瑞典传统的联系。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Dala horses, the brightly painted wooden horses, with their complex patterns, come from the Dalarna region and date back to the 1600s.(达拉木马，这些色彩鲜艳、图案复杂的木马，来自达拉纳地区，可追溯到17世纪)”和最后一段“Years later, I still have that Dala horse in my room. It’s a reminder of that wonderful day and my connection to Swedish traditions. The Dala horse is more than a piece of art — it’s a symbol of history, culture, and cherished memories.(多年后，我房间里仍然有那匹达拉木马。它让我想起那个美好的日子以及我与瑞典传统的联系。达拉木马不仅仅是一件艺术品——它是历史、文化和珍贵记忆的象征)”可知，介绍了达拉木马的起源，讲述作者了解并亲手制作达拉木马的经历，最后强调它不仅是一件艺术品，更是瑞典历史文化和珍贵回忆的象征。由此可知，B项“Dala Horses: A Swedish Artistic Wonder(达拉木马：瑞典的艺术奇迹)”适合作文章标题。故选B项。 Passage 12 （24-25高二上·湖南益阳·期末）As a university student, my days have been filled with various activities, including a new job, a research position, university courses, gym sessions, and guitar practice. Sometimes it felt like too much to balance all these activities, and I was eager for some quiet time alone. However, a remarkable change occurred when I decided to start waking up at 5:30 am. At first, it was incredibly challenging and made me quite unhappy. I frequently turned off the alarm clock, causing me to miss buses and trains, leading to tardiness at work and subsequent issues. But then, I laid my eyes on a book titled “Morning Miracle”, which motivated me to rise 30 minutes earlier. I adopted a straightforward routine: spending five minutes journaling, sipping water slowly, taking deep breaths to unwind, doing a few push-ups, and glancing at a board displaying my goals. After persevering for 21 days, my job performance improved dramatically. I felt more focused and energetic, and this wasn’t just because I thought it would. The quiet morning helps me focus on my tasks. I learned to do one thing at a time. And this saved me from getting mentally exhausted. I also started my day by thinking about the good things and writing down what I’m grateful for to manage stress. Next, I prioritized (优先处理) my tasks depending on how important they are, ensuring that I addressed the most crucial ones first. I also made sure to take breaks during the day to recharge. I also set aside time for learning and self-improvement, aiming to advance in my career by gaining new skills and knowledge. To maintain this morning routine, I ensured that I was in bed by 10 pm, allowing me to start my day at 5:30 am. This habit used the peaceful mornings to enhance my physical, mental, and emotional well-being. However, I managed to overcome these difficulties. By making these adjustments, I found a newfound balance in my busy life as a university student. 1．What problem did the writer face before changing his wake-up time? A．Lack of sleep. B．Lack of motivation. C．Poor study performance. D．An imbalance in activities. 2．What does the underlined word “tardiness” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Lateness. B．Tiredness. C．Progress. D．Efficiency. 3．On what basis did the author prioritize tasks? A．Difficulty. B．Importance. C．Complexity. D．Availability. 4．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain the importance of waking up early. B．To recommend a book called “Morning Miracle”. C．To share how the writer found balance in his life. D．To describe the writer’s busy life as a university student. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过早起改变自己的作息时间，从而使自己的生活、学习都发生了很大的变化，健康状况也得到了较大的提升，作者也因此在繁忙的大学生生活中找到了新的平衡。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Sometimes it felt like too much to balance all these activities, and I was eager for some quiet time alone.(有时候，平衡所有这些活动感觉太难了，我渴望有一段安静的独处时间。)”可知，在改变他的起床时间前 ，作者面对着不能平衡这些活动的困难。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“I frequently turned off the alarm clock, causing me to miss buses and trains, leading to tardiness at work and subsequent issues(我经常关掉闹钟，以致于我错过了公共汽车和火车，导致上班tardiness和随后的问题)”可知，赶不上公交车和火车，会让作者上班迟到，故tardiness表示“迟到”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“Next, I prioritized (优先处理) my tasks depending on how important they are, ensuring that I addressed the most crucial ones first.(接下来，我根据任务的重要程度对它们进行优先排序，确保我先处理最重要的任务。)”可知，作者以任务的重要性为基础，决定优先处理哪个任务。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Sometimes it felt like too much to balance all these activities, and I was eager for some quiet time alone. However, a remarkable change occurred when I decided to start waking up at 5:30 am.(有时候，平衡所有这些活动感觉太难了，我渴望有一段安静的独处时间。然而，当我决定开始在早上5:30起床时，一个显著的变化发生了。)”和最后一段“By making these adjustments, I found a newfound balance in my busy life as a university student.(通过这些调整，我在繁忙的大学生生活中找到了新的平衡。)”可知，本文主要是为了分享了作者如何通过调整作息时间，在大学生活中找到了新的平衡。故选C。 Passage 13 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末）George C． Hale served as the Chief of the Kansas City Fire Department for 31 years. At the end of the 19th century, he enhanced firefighting with his 60 patented inventions, including the Hale Water Tower and the telephone fire alarm, and helped bring America’s fire departments into the modern era. In Kansas’ early history, fires were common with most homes built of wood and heated with coal. Every second mattered for the crews tasked with putting them out. Hale was a mechanical genius, solving the problems firefighters faced in his era. Teams of trained horses were used to transport equipment to and from fires from 1860 to 1927. Harnessing (上挽具) the horses was a time－consuming business until Hale invented the swinging horse harness. The harness was suspended (悬挂) from the ceiling of the fire station. When the alarm sounded, the horses moved into place and the harness broke open and dropped into position, making them spring into action with lightning speed. Hale trained his team to make certain every moment counted. Demonstrations of their record－speed harnessing were so successful that major cities demanded to see the Kansas City firefighters in action. The team was even invited to represent the United States as the “American Fire Team” at the International Fire Congress in London in 1893 for an audience with Queen Victoria. Passionate about seeking new approaches to upgrading firefighting, Hale made numerous inventions, improving firefighters’ work efficiency. He even hired a circus gymnast to teach firefighters physical fitness. His novel ideas dramatically changed the whole fire service. Although Hale was fired owing to his political conflict with the authority in 1902, he didn’t quit his commitment to firefighting. He actively advised departments around the country and sold fire control facilities as far away as Russia. When he died in 1923, the Kansas City Journal called him “one of the greatest fire chiefs in the history of modern firefighting”. 1．What was the advantage of George C． Hale’s swinging harness? A．It allowed horses to run faster. B．It reduced response time to fire. C．It protected firefighters from hurt. D．It simplified the process of firefighting. 2．Why does the author mention the International Fire Congress? A．To indicate the excellence of Hale’s team. B．To compare diverse firefighting techniques. C．To evaluate the role of the international stage. D．To convince people of America’s efforts in firefighting. 3．Which of the following can best describe George C． Hale? A．Creative and committed. B．Ambitious and responsible. C．Brave and generous. D．Unselfish and optimistic. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Honors of the Kansas City Fire Department B．Development of Kansas’ Firefighting Cause C．George C． Hale: a Witness to the Fire Service D．George C． Hale: a Great Contributor to Firefighting 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是George C. Hale作为堪萨斯城消防局局长的卓越贡献和影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“The harness was suspended (悬挂) from the ceiling of the fire station. When the alarm sounded, the horses moved into place and the harness broke open and dropped into position, making them spring into action with lightning speed.(挽具悬挂在消防站的天花板上。当警报响起时，马匹移动到适当的位置，挽具打开并掉落到适当的位置，使它们能够迅速行动起来，速度犹如闪电。)”可知，Hale发明的摇摆挽具减少了对火灾的反应时间。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Hale trained his team to make certain every moment counted. Demonstrations of their record－speed harnessing were so successful that major cities demanded to see the Kansas City firefighters in action. The team was even invited to represent the United States as the “American Fire Team” at the International Fire Congress in London in 1893 for an audience with Queen Victoria.(Hale训练他的团队，确保每一刻都很重要。他们演示了以创纪录的速度给马匹上挽具，取得了巨大成功，以至于各大城市都要求观看堪萨斯城消防员的行动。该团队甚至被邀请代表美国，作为“美国消防队”参加1893年伦敦国际消防大会，觐见维多利亚女王。)”可知，作者提到国际消防大会是为了证明Hale团队的卓越。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中最后一句“His novel ideas dramatically changed the whole fire service.(他的新奇想法极大地改变了整个消防部门。)”以及最后一段“Although Hale was fired owing to his political conflict with the authority in 1902, he didn’t quit his commitment to firefighting. He actively advised departments around the country and sold fire control facilities as far away as Russia.(尽管海尔在1902年因政治冲突被当局解雇，但他并没有放弃对消防事业的承诺。他积极向全国各地的消防部门提供建议，并将消防设施远销至俄罗斯。)”可知，George C. Hale是有创造力，有责任心，可用creative和committed来描述George C. Hale。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“At the end of the 19th century, he enhanced firefighting with his 60 patented inventions, including the Hale Water Tower and the telephone fire alarm, and helped bring America’s fire departments into the modern era.(在19世纪末，他凭借60项专利发明，包括Hale Water Tower和电话火警报警器，强化了消防工作，并帮助美国的消防部门进入了现代化时代。)”以及最后一段最后一句“When he died in 1923, the Kansas City Journal called him “one of the greatest fire chiefs in the history of modern firefighting”.(当他于1923年去世时，《堪萨斯城日报》称他为“现代消防史上最伟大的消防局长之一”。)”可知，文章主要讲述作为消防局局长的George C. Hale对消防作出的贡献。由此可知，D项“George C. Hale: a Great Contributor to Firefighting(George C. Hale：消防事业的伟大贡献者)”为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 14 （24-25高二上·湖南衡阳·期末）I remember a time when steaming dishes of dumplings were laid out before me on the dining table. I was five years old, and a bowl of Chinese vinegar with two drops of sesame oil sat under my nose, eagerly awaiting the three hot dumplings that my grandma would soon drop in. She’d always break them in half for me so my little fingers could use my chopsticks, and that day, I was the pride and joy of my family for consuming a total of nine dumplings. That was the last time I had looked at a plate of dumplings without fear — at least until recently. Somewhere along the way, food transformed into something I avoided. Any plate became fat-protein-carbs in my eyes. The rich fat on red-braised pork remained untouched on my plate, and even my mom’s delicious stir-fried dishes were secretly washed in the water before I’d attempt to eat them. Passing by bakeries consumed me with conflict for the rest of the day because they looked so, so delicious. I wanted a taste so badly, but no, I couldn’t. This past March, I visited my family in China for the first time in six years. There was a stillness unlike earlier springs. The winter chill overstayed its welcome, seemingly in response to my grandpa’s passing just a few weeks before. My grandpa always requested peanuts with his dumplings, sometimes a bottle of beer, if my grandma allowed it. He liked sauerkraut filling (酸菜馅), since meat was hard on his dentures (假牙), which made clicking sounds when he chewed. This time around, we bought giant sauerkraut dumplings from the morning market. My grandma still broke them in half for me. This time, I couldn’t eat nine, but I ate until I was full, and over the memories of my grandpa’s clicking and the warmth of my stomach filling up, I found comfort. 1．Why did Grandma break the dumplings in half? A．To cool them quickly. B．To show the filling. C．To make the author eat easily. D．To appeal to the author. 2．What happened to the author when growing up? A．He became tired of homemade food. B．He stopped eating meat at home. C．He started enjoying cooking more. D．He stayed away from certain types of food. 3．How did the author’s recent visit to China differ from his previous ones? A．He stayed for a longer period than before. B．His grandpa’s death affected the family. C．The weather was much warmer than usual. D．His family didn’t prepare his favorite dishes. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Grandma’s love. B．Experiences of homesickness. C．Memories of dumplings. D．Wishes for returning home. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了小时候吃饺子的美好时光，以及随着成长对某些食物的恐惧，最后通过回中国探亲，重新找回了对食物的热爱和对家的温暖记忆。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She’d always break them in half for me so my little fingers could use my chopsticks(她总是把饺子掰成两半，这样我小小的指头就能使用筷子了)”可知，奶奶把饺子掰开是为了让作者吃起来容易，故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Somewhere along the way, food transformed into something I avoided. Any plate became fat-protein-carbs in my eyes. The rich fat on red-braised pork remained untouched on my plate, and even my mom’s delicious stir-fried dishes were secretly washed in the water before I’d attempt to eat them. Passing by bakeries consumed me with conflict for the rest of the day because they looked so, so delicious.(在某个时刻，食物变成了我避免的东西。在我眼里，任何盘子都变成了脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物。红烧肉上的肥肉在我的盘子里一动也不动，就连我妈妈做的美味的炒菜也在我吃之前偷偷地在水里洗了一遍。那天剩下的时间里，路过的面包店让我充满了矛盾，因为它们看起来太好吃了。)”可知，作者在成长过程中开始避开某些类型的食物。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“There was a stillness unlike earlier springs. The winter chill overstayed its welcome, seemingly in response to my grandpa’s passing just a few weeks before(与往年的春天不同，这次有一种静谧的气氛。冬天的寒冷似乎赖着不走，好像在回应我爷爷几周前的去世)”可知，作者最近一次的中国之行与以往的不同，是因为爷爷的去世影响了家人，故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“I remember a time when steaming dishes of dumplings were laid out before me on the dining table. I was five years old, and a bowl of Chinese vinegar with two drops of sesame oil sat under my nose, eagerly awaiting the three hot dumplings that my grandma would soon drop in(我记得曾经有一段时间，热气腾腾的饺子放在我的饭桌前。我五岁的时候，一碗中国醋和两滴芝麻油在我的鼻子下面，热切地等待着奶奶即将放进去的三个热饺子)”、第四段中“Somewhere along the way, food transformed into something I avoided. Any plate became fat-protein-carbs in my eyes. (不知从什么时候开始，食物成了我避之不及的东西。任何盘子在我眼里都变成了脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的组合。)”以及最后一段“This time around, we bought giant sauerkraut dumplings from the morning market. My grandma still broke them in half for me. This time, I couldn’t eat nine, but I ate until I was full, and over the memories of my grandpa’s clicking and the warmth of my stomach filling up, I found comfort(这一次，我们从早市上买了巨大的酸菜饺子。奶奶还是为我把它们掰开。这次，我吃不下九个了，但我吃饱了，在回忆中爷爷的咔嗒声和胃里渐渐填满的温暖中，我找到了安慰)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者对饺子的记忆，从童年的喜爱到成长过程中对某些高热量食物的恐惧，再到最后重新通过吃饺子找回对食物和家的温暖记忆；由此可知，本文主要讲的是对饺子的回忆，故选C项。 Passage 15 （24-25高二上·江苏南通·期末）Naomi Gutierrez grew up seeing her mother with her nails always done, and she even had a nail-themed birthday party for her seventh birthday. Now, the postgraduate runs a student business doing nails on campus. Gutierrez’ services include gel manicures (凝胶美甲), gel extensions, and regular polish manicures. For Gutierrez, doing her nails serves as a way to care about oneself, “I’m putting me first. I’m putting something on my body first,” Gutierrez said. She first learned to do nails through YouTube videos, starting with basic manicures before trying gel extensions. In order to get used to new techniques, she was her own guinea pig (豚鼠)  “I used to do like the most ridiculously long sets on myself ... the bigger the canvas, you know the more designs you can do.” Gutierrez started her nail business around November of her first year of her master’s. She credits her friends for pushing her to start charging for her services and explained that the money would in turn improve the business. This means “giving people more colors, more options, and it makes it fun for me too.” Gutierrez said. Another aspect of being the on-campus nail tech that Gutierrez enjoys is getting the chance to talk to people. “It’s a long process for me usually, and so in those hours, especially when they’re my friends or people I’m close to, it’s good to talk to them and catch up. It gives us a really good space and time to just, talk and do whatever we need to do,” Gutierrez said. Currently about a year in, Gutierrez has built up a group of regulars that she usually expects to hear from when there are big events she sees being promoted on Instagram. “I kind of already feel like, Oh, she’s about to message me you know, so that’s been fun,” Gutierez said. Gutierrez schedules appointments over direct messages through her Instagram: @naxnailz. 1．What do we know about Naomi Gutierrez? A．Taking care of her nails is her top priority. B．Nails have recently become part of her life. C．She sees doing her nails a form of self-care. D．She runs a nail-themed party for her mother. 2．What can be learned from paragraph 4? A．She tried them out on herself. B．She thought of a bigger picture. C．She cheered herself up regularly. D．She took advantage of the canvas. 3．According to Gutierrez, what’s the primary benefit of her nail business? A．Personal fulfillment and chances to be helpful. B．Financial satisfaction and social responsibility. C．Business growth and networking opportunities. D．Increased popularity and social media exposure. 4．What does the last paragraph intend to tell us? A．She has a stable customer base. B．Her appointment is hard to make. C．She is increasingly popular on Instagram. D．Her business is often promoted on Instagram. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是研究生Gutierrez在校园里做美甲生意的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“For Gutierrez, doing her nails serves as a way to care about oneself, “I’m putting me first I’m putting something on my body first,” Gutierrez said.(对Gutierrez来说，做指甲是关心自己的一种方式，“我把我放在第一位，我把我的身体放在第一位，”Gutierrez说。)”可知，Gutierrez认为做指甲是一种自我照顾。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“In order to get used to new techniques, she was her own guinea pig (豚鼠) “I used to do like the most ridiculously long sets on myself ... the bigger the canvas, you know the more designs you can do.”(为了适应新技术，她成了自己的小白鼠。“我以前喜欢在自己身上做长得可笑的系列……画布越大，你知道你可以做的设计就越多。”)”可知，Gutierrez在自己身上做实验。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“Gutierrez started her nail business around November of her first year of her master’s. She credits her friends for pushing her to start charging for her services and explained that the money would in turn improve the business. This means “giving people more colors, more options, and it makes it fun for me too.” Gutierrez said.(Gutierrez在硕士一年级的11月左右开始了她的美甲生意。她认为是朋友们促使她开始对服务收费，并解释说，这些钱反过来会改善生意。这意味着“给人们更多的颜色，更多的选择，这对我来说也很有趣。”Gutierrez说。) 和第六段“Another aspect of being the on-campus nail tech that Gutierrez enjoys is getting the chance to talk to people. “It’s a long process for me usually, and so in those hours, especially when they’re my friends or people I’m close to, it’s good to talk to them and catch up. It gives us a really good space and time to just, talk and do whatever we need to do,” Gutierrez said.( Gutierrez喜欢做校园美甲师的另一个方面是有机会与人交谈。“对我来说，这通常是一个漫长的过程，所以在那些时间里，尤其是当他们是我的朋友或我亲近的人时，和他们谈谈，聊聊是很好的。”这给了我们一个很好的空间和时间来讨论和做我们需要做的事情。”)”可知，Gutierrez认为，她做美甲生意的主要好处是她的生意增长了并且建立了与人交流的网络。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Currently about a year in, Gutierrez has built up a group of regulars that she usually expects to hear from when there are big events she sees being promoted on Instagram. “I kind of already feel like, Oh, she’s about to message me you know, so that’s been fun,” Gutierez said. Gutierrez schedules appointments over direct messages through her Instagram: @naxnailz.(目前，大约一年的时间里，Gutierrez已经建立了一群常客，当她看到Instagram上有大型活动被宣传时，她通常会收到他们的来信。Gutierrez说：“我已经觉得，哦，她要给我发信息了，这很有趣。”Gutierrez通过她的Instagram账号@naxnailz直接安排预约。)”可知，Gutierrez有一个稳定的客户群。故选A项。 Passage 16 （24-25高二上·重庆·期末）A year after Walt Disney made history with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, its artists were struggling to find the right design for Bambi, the tale of a young deer The film’s production team realized they needed a style that highlighted almost all of the leaves, flowers and mushrooms in their first feature-length animated film. Soon they got their inspiration from Tyrus Wong, whose work was on display as a new exhibit at New York City’s museum. In 1938, The Walt Disney Studio hired him to draw the frames between the main drawings of the animators. After reading the story of Bambi, he saw an opportunity to break out of his boring job. He said to himself, “This is all outdoor scenery. And I’m a landscape painter. This will be great!” Inspired by Chinese landscape paintings, he used watercolor and pastels (蜡笔) to make sketches that bring the feeling of forest scenes with simple strokes of color and special attention to light and shadow. In the following years, Wong’s sketches attracted Disney and became the guide for Bambi’s background artists, who were later trained to imitate his style. “His expression was a great leap forward for the medium,” writes John Lasseter, the chief creative officer for Walt Disney and Pixar Animation Studios. “Where other films were literal, Bambi was expressive and emotional.” In 2001, Wang was named “Disney Legend”, and he received the recognition as the true lead artist. He pursued art all his life and still made art during his retirement, including toy animals from recycled materials and handmade kites that he regularly flew off the Santa Monica Pier in California. “People admire his works because of Bambi, but Bambi was just a really small part of his life,” says his youngest daughter. “He considers himself not a great artist but a lucky artist, who was at the right place at the right time.” 1．Why did Walt Disney’s artists notice Tyrus Wong? A．He was good at drawing cartoon characters. B．He won a prize at a museum in New York. C．His style was suitable for the animated film Bambi. D．His work could be used to advertise Walt Disney’s films. 2．What does John Lasseter think of Tyrus Wong’s paintings? A．They were literal and detailed. B．They showed the legend of Walt Disney. C．They conveyed thoughts effectively. D．They displayed the progress of the medium. 3．What can we learn about Tyrus Wong from the last paragraph? A．He gave up art after retirement. B．He had been busy his whole life. C．He liked to purchase toys and kites. D．He was devoted to art during his life time. 4．How does the author introduce Tyrus Wong? A．By giving examples. B．By following time order. C．By listing figures. D．By analyzing cause and effect. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了迪士尼动画电影《小鹿斑比》背后的故事，重点介绍了艺术家泰鲁斯・王（Tyrus Wong）为电影创作的独特风格的画作，以及他在艺术领域的贡献和一生对艺术的追求。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Soon they got their inspiration from Tyrus Wong, whose work was on display as a new exhibit at New York City’s museum. In 1938, The Walt Disney Studio hired him to draw the frames between the main drawings of the animators.(很快，他们从Tyrus Wong那里得到了灵感，他的作品正在纽约市博物馆作为新展品展出。1938年，华特·迪士尼工作室聘请他为动画师的主要画作绘制中间的框架。)”以及第三段“Inspired by Chinese landscape paintings, he used watercolor and pastels (蜡笔) to make sketches that bring the feeling of forest scenes with simple strokes of color and special attention to light and shadow.(受中国山水画启发，他用水彩和蜡笔绘制草图，用简单的色彩笔触和特别关注光影来呈现森林场景的感觉。)”可知，Tyrus Wong的作品风格适合迪士尼的动画电影《小鹿斑比》，故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据文中第五段““His expression was a great leap forward for the medium,” writes John Lasseter, the chief creative officer for Walt Disney and Pixar Animation Studios(“他的表现手法是这一媒介的一次重大飞跃，”华特迪士尼和皮克斯动画工作室的首席创意官约翰·拉塞特写道)”可知，John Lasseter认为Tyrus Wong的绘画展示了媒介的进步。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“He pursued art all his life and still made art during his retirement, including toy animals from recycled materials and handmade kites that he regularly flew off the Santa Monica Pier in California(他一生都在追求艺术，甚至在退休后还继续创作艺术，包括用回收材料制作的玩具动物和他经常在加利福尼亚州圣莫尼卡码头放飞的手工风筝)”可知，Tyrus Wong一生都在追求艺术，即使在退休后也没有停止创作，包括用回收材料制作玩具动物和手工制作风筝，故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Soon they got their inspiration from Tyrus Wong, whose work was on display as a new exhibit at New York City’s museum.(很快，他们从Tyrus Wong那里得到了灵感，他的作品正在纽约市博物馆作为新展品展出)”可知，文章先介绍了Tyrus Wong在纽约博物馆展出的作品吸引了迪士尼的艺术家；再根据文章第二段“In 1938, The Walt Disney Studio hired him to draw the frames between the main drawings of the animators.(1938年，华特·迪士尼工作室聘请他为动画师的主要画作绘制中间的框架)”可知，文章接着介绍了Tyrus Wong1938年被迪士尼工作室聘用；根据文章第三段“Inspired by Chinese landscape paintings, he used watercolor and pastels (蜡笔) to make sketches that bring the feeling of forest scenes with simple strokes of color and special attention to light and shadow.(受中国山水画启发，他用水彩和蜡笔绘制草图，用简单的色彩笔触和特别关注光影来呈现森林场景的感觉。)”可知Tyrus Wong受中国山水画启发，为《小鹿斑比》创作背景；根据文章最后一段“He pursued art all his life and still made art during his retirement, including toy animals from recycled materials and handmade kites that he regularly flew off the Santa Monica Pier in California(他一生都在追求艺术，甚至在退休后还继续创作艺术，包括用回收材料制作的玩具动物和他经常在加利福尼亚州圣莫尼卡码头放飞的手工风筝)”，可知文章介绍了Tyrus Wong受中国山水画启发，从他在博物馆的作品展览，到被迪士尼雇佣，再到他的作品影响了《小鹿斑比》的风格，最后到他退休后的生活，可推理出文章是按照时间顺序介绍Tyrus Wong的，故选B项。 Passage 17 （24-25高二上·河北保定·期末）Jeanne Baret may not be as well-known as other explorers, but as the first woman to sail around the globe in the late 18th century, her achievements were no less remarkable. Baret did not set out to be an explorer. She was born in July 1740 in a rural village in the Burgundy region of France. Her father was an uneducated laborer, and her mother was devoted to raising the family. It is widely believed that Baret had little, if any, formal education. Despite this, she was locally recognized for her expertise in herbalism (草药学) and was known as “the herb woman.” In 1765, Commerson, the famous botanist and naturalist from Burgundy, was invited to join a round-the-world expedition led by a French Navy officer and explorer. Baret was hired to assist comments on in the categorization of his plant specimens (标本). At that time, women were banned from serving aboard French naval ships. The most widely accepted story is that Baret, dressed as a man, managed to board the ship. The ship sailed from Nantes to Rio de Janeiro in 1766, then to Montevideo where they collected plant specimens. The ship then went south through the Strait of Magellan and reached Tahiti. It is believed that Baret’s true identity was revealed there but she remained on board nevertheless to continue her scientific work. Her careful documentation of up to 6,000 plant species, some of which were previously unknown to science, significantly enriched the botanical knowledge of the era. This was not just a journey around the world; it was an expedition that reshaped perceptions (看法) of women’s capabilities and roles in scientific discovery and adventure. 1．What do we know about Jeanne Baret’s early life? A．She came from a well-off family. B．She was naturally curious in exploration. C．She gained recognition for curing patients. D．She hardly got any schooling. 2．What is Baret’s barrier to joining the voyage? A．Female identity. B．Lack of working experience. C．Poor physical strength. D．Limited knowledge. 3．What impact did the expedition have on society at that time? A．It promoted French naval reform in many aspects. B．It confirmed women’s role in scientific discovery and adventure. C．It diversified the local plant species and enriched the botanical knowledge. D．It changed people’s views on women’s ability and role in scientific exploration. 4．Which of the following can best describe Baret? A．Reliable and skillful. B．Capable and careful. C．Gifted and determined. D．Ambitious and cooperative. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了18世纪晚期首位环球航行的女性探险家Jeanne Baret的生平和成就，以及她对当时社会对女性能力和角色看法的改变。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Her father was an uneducated laborer, and her mother was devoted to raising the family. It is widely believed that Baret had little, if any, formal education.(她的父亲是一个没有受过教育的劳动者，她的母亲致力于抚养家庭。人们普遍认为，巴雷特几乎没有受过什么正规教育。)”可知，Jeanne Baret几乎没有受过任何教育。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“At that time, women were banned from serving aboard French naval ships.(当时，法国海军舰艇禁止女性服役。)”可知，Baret加入这次航行遇到的障碍是她的女性身份。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This was not just a journey around the world; it was an expedition that reshaped perceptions (看法) of women’s capabilities and roles in scientific discovery and adventure.(这不仅仅是一次环球旅行；这是一次重塑人们对女性在科学发现和冒险中的能力和角色的看法的探险。)”可知，这次探险改变了人们对女性在科学探索中的能力和角色的看法。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Despite this, she was locally recognized for her expertise in herbalism (草药学) and was known as ‘the herb woman’.(尽管如此，她在当地因其在草药学方面的专长而得到认可，并被称为‘草药女人’。)”可知，Baret在草药学方面有天赋；根据第三段“The most widely accepted story is that Baret, dressed as a man, managed to board the ship.(最被广泛接受的说法是，巴雷特装扮成男人，成功地登上了船。)”可知，为了参加这次探险，Baret克服了重重困难，装扮成男人登上了船，这说明她很坚定。故选C。 Passage 18 （24-25高二上·河北廊坊·期末）I live in a small village. Some time ago, I noticed that in each election cycle the same candidates (候选人) would run and get elected, sometimes unopposed. There were no changes, no new businesses starting up, and no growth at all. Having daughters in high school, I felt I had my finger on the: “pulse” of a younger generation. I listened to their ideas about what could be better in our village, or why they had to go one town over to use the new skateboard park or have a burger at a new diner. And that was the moment when I, a single mother of three, thought about running in the upcoming election to become a Village Trustee. I felt that the issue of economic development needed to be addressed to relieve the pressure of rising property taxes on the residents. So, I gathered up my courage and picked up documents from Village Hall on running for election. I did some serious research and turned to friends who had run in various town elections before to make sure I chose the correct petition (请愿书), filled it out accurately, and got the right number of signatures. I believed that God helps those who help themselves. After filing my paperwork, I received support. Friends called to offer to put my signs on their lawns. One friend even created and maintained a website for me, where I could post my profile, mission statement, and information about free healthcare events and elderly services. When I walked in the Good Neighbor Parade as a newly elected official, the crowd cheered for me. Knowing that so many people believed in me and wanted me to help them achieve good things for their hometown was an incredible feeling. Finding the courage to run in a small-town election changed my outlook on life. It gave me hope that dreams can come true and small ideas can grow into something big. 1．What did the author find about the village elections? A．There were tough election battles. B．No candidates would run unopposed. C．More capable candidates were elected. D．There was almost no change in every run. 2．What inspired the author to run for Village Trustee? A．Her desire to make a leader. B．Her daughters’ efforts for a better village. C．Her experience in previous town elections. D．Her exposure to the ideas of the young generation. 3．How did the author prepare for her election campaign? A．She asked experienced friends for help. B．She created a website to promote herself. C．She gathered information about other, candidates. D．She hired a professional team to run the campaign. 4．What can we conclude from this passage? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. C．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. D．Better late than never, but better never late. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者所在村庄选举无变化，受女儿及年轻人想法启发并通过努力获得成功。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I live in a small village. Some time ago, I noticed that in each election cycle the same candidates (候选人) would run and get elected, sometimes unopposed. There were no changes, no new businesses starting up, and no growth at all. (我住在一个小村庄。前段时间，我注意到在每个选举周期中，同样的候选人会参加竞选并当选，有时没有对手。没有变化，没有新的业务出现，根本没有增长)”可知，关于村委会选举，作者发现每次举行几乎都没有变化。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Having daughters in high school, I felt I had my finger on the: “pulse” of a younger generation. I listened to their ideas about what could be better in our village, or why they had to go one town over to use the new skateboard park or have a burger at a new diner. (我的女儿也在上高中，我觉得自己掌握了年轻一代的“脉搏”。我听取了他们的意见，比如我们村什么地方可以做得更好，或者他们为什么要到另一个城镇去使用新的滑板公园，或者在一家新的餐馆吃汉堡)”可知，作者有高中的女儿，了解了年轻一代对于村庄可以变得更好的想法，这促使作者想要竞选村理事。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“I did some serious research and turned to friends who had run in various town elections before to make sure I chose the correct petition (请愿书), filled it out accurately, and got the right number of signatures. (我做了一些认真的调查，并求助于以前参加过各种城镇选举的朋友，以确保我选择了正确的请愿书，准确地填写了请愿书，并得到了正确的签名数量)”可知，作者为选举做准备时，她向有经验的朋友求助。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finding the courage to run in a small-town election changed my outlook on life. It gave me hope that dreams can come true and small ideas can grow into something big. (鼓起勇气参加小镇选举改变了我对生活的看法。它给了我希望，梦想可以成真，小想法可以成长为大的东西)”及全文可知，作者受女儿及年轻人想法启发竞选并通过努力获得成功。由此推知，“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. (心之所愿，无事不成)”概括文章最为合适。故选C。 Passage 19 （24-25高二上·河北张家口·期末）Solo travel, or traveling alone, wasn’t considered safe, ideal or fashionable for Indian women 25 years ago. But that didn’t stop Dr. Sudha Mahalingam. When she followed her husband on his work trips abroad, she used the opportunities to make her adventurous trips. Two decades ago, Mahalingam quit her job in mainstream print journalism and switched careers to take up energy research. Soon after, she started receiving invitations to speak at international conferences in oil producing countries and the world of travel opened up to her. Today, at 70, she has visited 66 countries across six continents, which she shares on her blog Footloose Indian as well as in her book The Travel Gods Must Be Crazy. Owing to a busy schedule of managing work and family, Mahalingam often had no time to organize her travel, so most of her early trips were sudden and unplanned. She landed in the Czech Republic without a valid (有效的) visa, faced the challenge of finding vegetarian food in China, got accidentally locked in a museum in Iran and was caught without proof of a yellow fever vaccination (疫苗接种) at the airport in Nairobi, Kenya. Though Mahalingam sometimes travels with friends, most of her journeys are solo. Her most recent international adventure that stands out was her trip to Borneo in Southeast Asia. “There were crawlies (爬虫) everywhere and fallen leaves as high as one meter. You put your foot and won’t know if a snake would stick itself around your leg or whether a poisonous insect would bite you. It was pouring all the time. I have been to the Amazon rainforest as well but it was a cakewalk compared to Borneo,” she says. Mahalingam has been addicted to different adventure sports too, including diving and hang-gliding. She also made a difficult journey to Everest base camp and, at the age of 66, went skydiving in Uluru, Australia. 1．What did Mahalingam do 25 years ago? A．She followed her husband to India. B．She gave lectures on print journalism. C．She began traveling to other countries. D．She managed to keep family-work balance. 2．How is paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By describing a process. B．By giving examples. C．By making a comparison. D．By analyzing cause and effect. 3．Why did Mahalingam mention the Amazon rainforest in paragraph 4? A．To highlight the hardship of her Borneo trip, B．To prove the wide extent of Mahalingam’s travels. C．To emphasize the importance of the Amazon rainforest. D．To tell the differences between Borneo and the Amazon rainforest. 4．Which of the following best describes Mahalingam? A．Creative. B．Courageous. C．Considerate. D．Demanding. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印度女性Mahalingam在25年前开始独自旅行，克服很多困难，游历66个国家，还参与多种冒险运动，展现了她的勇敢。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Solo travel, or traveling alone, wasn’t considered safe, ideal or fashionable for Indian women 25 years ago. But that didn’t stop Dr. Sudha Mahalingam. When she followed her husband on his work trips abroad, she used the opportunities to make her adventurous trips. (25年前，独自旅行对印度女性来说并不安全、理想或时尚。但这并没有阻挡Sudha Mahalingam博士。当她跟随丈夫出国工作时，她利用这些机会进行冒险旅行)”可知，25年前Mahalingam就开始去其他国家旅行。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Owing to a busy schedule of managing work and family, Mahalingam often had no time to organize her travel, so most of her early trips were sudden and unplanned. She landed in the Czech Republic without a valid (有效的) visa, faced the challenge of finding vegetarian food in China, got accidentally locked in a museum in Iran and was caught without proof of a yellow fever vaccination (疫苗接种) at the airport in Nairobi, Kenya. (由于工作和家庭的繁忙安排，Mahalingam经常没有时间组织她的旅行，所以她的大多数早期旅行都是突然的和计划外的。她在没有有效签证的情况下降落在捷克共和国，在中国面临着寻找素食的挑战，在伊朗被意外锁在博物馆里，在肯尼亚内罗毕机场被发现没有黄热病疫苗接种证明)”可知，本段列举了Mahalingam在不同国家遇到的各种意外情况，表明她的很多旅行是突然的和计划外的，因此本段是通过举例来展开的。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中Mahalingam所说的话“There were crawlies (爬虫) everywhere and fallen leaves as high as one meter. You put your foot and won’t know if a snake would stick itself around your leg or whether a poisonous insect would bite you. It was pouring all the time. I have been to the Amazon rainforest as well but it was a cakewalk compared to Borneo (到处都是爬虫，还有一米高的落叶。你把脚放在地上，不知道蛇会不会缠住你的腿，也不知道有毒的昆虫会不会咬你。雨一直下个不停。我也去过亚马逊雨林，不过和婆罗洲相比，那简直是小菜一碟)”可知，和婆罗洲之旅相比，亚马逊雨林之旅很容易。由此可知，Mahalingam通过这种对比突出婆罗洲之旅的艰难。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。前四段主要讲述Mahalingam独自旅行，经历各种意外情况仍继续冒险，最后一段“Mahalingam has been addicted to different adventure sports too, including diving and hang-gliding. She also made a difficult journey to Everest base camp and, at the age of 66, went skydiving in Uluru, Australia. (Mahalingam也沉迷于不同的冒险运动，包括潜水和悬挂式滑翔。她还经历了一次艰难的珠峰大本营之旅，并在66岁的时候去了澳大利亚的乌鲁鲁跳伞)”表明她参与多种冒险运动，这些都体现出她很勇敢。故选B项。 Passage 20 （24-25高二上·江西·阶段练习）Raised on the farm, Padma Suresh had a love for agriculture just like her father. Young Padma would spend most of her evening after school in the fields, learning the art of organic farming. After moving to the city, she began missing the farm. Faced with the limited space, Padma felt the absence of fresh vegetables. Besides, she was disappointed with the taste and quality of shop-bought vegetables. Because chemicals used on vegetables were harmful to human health, she finally decided to take matters into her own hands and change her yard into a vegetable garden. Now 48, Padma has devoted the past 12 years to developing a garden with 200 plants of 20 varieties of vegetables. She relies on natural fertilizers (肥料). Additionally, she uses creative organic farming methods like preparing liquid fertilizers from fish. Her husband Suresh Ettan, who is now working in an oil and gas company, said, “As I don’t eat meat, I have limited food choices in the city. Now every morning, my wife sends me a good breakfast. Apart from that, she also shares the photos of her day’s harvest. I take pride in showing those photos to my colleagues.” For Padma, the garden has become a source of joy and also a link to her rural roots. Padma says she finds connection to her village through the traditional recipes and taste of homegrown vegetables. More importantly, by growing her own food, the gardener has not only found a way to provide a supply of organic vegetables to her family but also a way to earn some money. Earning money was what she didn’t expect. Padma says she has a small shop where she sells extra vegetables. Within an hour, all her vegetables are sold out. This organic farming business earns her up to Rs 1,000. 1．When did Padma develop her love for organic farming? A．After she moved to the city. B．When she helped on the farm. C．After she graduated from school. D．When she lacked fresh vegetables. 2．Which words can best describe Padma? A．Warm-hearted and confident. B．Generous and gifted. C．Creative and hard-working. D．Responsible and organized. 3．How does Suresh Ettan feel about his wife’s farm? A．The farm makes his life busy. B．The farm offers him rich food. C．The farm costs lots of his money. D．The farm prevents him eating meat. 4．What unexpected benefit has been brought to Padma? A．Some additional income. B．Good neighbour relationship. C．Fresh vegetables for her family. D．A connection with her hometown. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Padma Suresh从小热爱有机农业，搬到城市后对农场生活充满怀念，于是将自家院子改造成菜园，不仅为家人提供有机蔬菜，还意外获得了额外收入的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Raised on the farm, Padma Suresh had a love for agriculture just like her father. Young Padma would spend most of her evening after school in the fields, learning the art of organic farming.(Padma Suresh在农场长大，和她父亲一样热爱农业。年轻的Padma会在放学后的大部分晚上在田野里度过，学习有机农业的艺术)”可知，Padma在农场帮忙时就培养了对有机农业的热爱。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段提到“Now 48, Padma has devoted the past 12 years to developing a garden with 200 plants of 20 varieties of vegetables. She relies on natural fertilizers. Additionally, she uses creative organic farming methods like preparing liquid fertilizers from fish.(现年48岁的Padma在过去的12年里一直致力于开发一个拥有200株20种蔬菜的花园。她依靠天然肥料。此外，她还使用创造性的有机耕作方法，如用鱼制作液体肥料)”可知，Padma不仅勤奋地经营着自己的菜园，还有创造力地运用各种有机耕作方法。由此可知，最能描述Padma的词语是有创造力的和勤奋的。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“As I don’t eat meat, I have limited food choices in the city. Now every morning, my wife sends me a good breakfast. Apart from that, she also shares the photos of her day’s harvest.(因为我不吃肉，所以我在城市里的食物选择很有限。现在每天早上，我妻子都会给我送一顿丰盛的早餐。除此之外，她还会分享她当天收获的照片)”可推知，Suresh Ettan认为他妻子的农场为他提供了丰富的食物。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“More importantly, by growing her own food, the gardener has not only found a way to provide a supply of organic vegetables to her family but also a way to earn some money. Earning money was what she didn’t expect.(更重要的是，通过自己种植食物，这位园丁不仅找到了一种为家人提供有机蔬菜的方法，而且还找到了一种赚钱的方法。赚钱是她没有预料到的)”可知，Padma获得的意想不到的好处是一些额外的收入。故选A。 Passage 21 （24-25高二上·福建南平·期末）Kate Winslet is, according to herself, an “open” book. Her honesty and down-to-earth nature have made her one of the world’s most beloved celebrities — and these are on display in an interview with Harpe’s Bazaar, where she shared very personal details about her life. Despite her fame and fortune, she was a battler who overcame many barriers to get to where she is today. “My father had dreams of becoming a great actor and always made the most of things.” Winslet warmly recalled. However, when Winslet was just 11, her father had an accident and lost his foot, significantly affecting the family’s future. “His foot was reattached through a wonderful operation, but that was extremely hard for him. And at that point, we were supported by the Children’s Trust, helping with school expenses. I am one of the most unlikely success stories,” she explained. Despite all the hardships, her family did everything in their power to help Winslet achieve her dream. She told Harpe’s, “I’ve always been so grateful to my parents that they attach great importance to my dream.” When she was 17, it was her father who took her to try out for the teenage movie Heavenly Creatures and encouraged her, “You’ll get the role.” And she just thought, “Yes, I’m going to get it.” It was a role she ultimately landed. “It was a quiet, humble (谦逊的) sort of confidence that I’ve always tried to hang on to,” she added. For Winslet, remembering her history and where she came from is essential to who she is today. “It’s very hard to stay grounded, but I did.” 1．What did Winslet do in the interview? A．She showed her love for nature. B．She shared reasons for her popularity. C．She revealed individual life experiences. D．She recommended a book about celebrities. 2．Why is Winslet’s childhood mentioned? A．To introduce a charity organization. B．To show her family harmony. C．To praise her father’s tough character. D．To stress her suffering in growth. 3．What is the main reason why Winslet thanked her parents? A．They took her dream seriously. B．They won a role for her. C．They offered her financial support. D．They taught her acting skills. 4．Which of the following best describes Winslet? A．Generous. B．Reliable. C．Determined. D．Creative. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是凯特·温斯莱特在采访中分享的个人成长经历、家庭对她演艺梦想的支持以及她克服重重困难实现梦想的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her honesty and down-to-earth nature have made her one of the world’s most beloved celebrities — and these are on display in an interview with Harpe’s Bazaar, where she shared very personal details about her life.(她的诚实和脚踏实地的天性使她成为世界上最受喜爱的名人之一——在《时尚芭莎》的采访中，这些特质展露无遗，她在采访中分享了非常私人的生活细节。)”可知，她在采访中分享了非常私人的生活细节。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Despite her fame and fortune, she was a battler who overcame many barriers to get to where she is today. (尽管她享有名声和财富，但她是一个克服了许多障碍才取得今天成就的奋斗者。)”以及下文讲述的温斯莱特童年时的经历可知，温斯莱特童年时期家庭遭遇的重大变故及其对家庭的影响，由此可知，提到她童年的经历是强调她在成长过程中所经历的苦难。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She told Harpe’s, “I’ve always been so grateful to my parents that they attach great importance to my dream.” When she was 17, it was her father who took her to try out for the teenage movie Heavenly Creatures and encouraged her, “You’ll get the role.”(她告诉《时尚芭莎》，“我一直都非常感激我的父母，因为他们非常重视我的梦想。”在她17岁的时候，是她的父亲带她去试镜青少年电影《天堂造物》，并鼓励她说：“你会得到这个角色的。”)”可知，温斯莱特感激父母的原因是因为他们认真对待和支持她的梦想。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据尾段中的““It was a quiet, humble (谦逊的) sort of confidence that I’ve always tried to hang on to,” she added. For Winslet, remembering her history and where she came from is essential to who she is today. “It’s very hard to stay grounded, but I did.”(“我一直努力保持一种安静、谦逊的自信，”她补充道。对于温斯莱特来说，记住自己的历史和出身对她今天的身份至关重要。“保持脚踏实地非常困难，但我做到了。”)”以及全文中描述她如何克服重重困难追求自己的梦想可知，温斯莱特是一个有决心的人。故选C项。 Passage 22 （24-25高二上·福建泉州·期末）One of the world’s rarest birds, the greater adjutant stork (大秃鹳), known locally as the Hargila was once considered “disease carrier” and “ugly” by the villagers in Assam who would destroy their nests. Dr Purnima Devi Barman, an Indian wildlife biologist, has been committed to protecting the endangered birds and changing the opinion of villagers. Barman’s love of animals started at age five while she lived with her grandparents by the Brahmaputra River, where she often encountered all sorts of birds coming to the fields and wetlands. Recalling one of the moments that changed her life, Barman said that while she was doing her PhD paper on the greater adjutant stork, she got a call telling her that a villager had cut the nest-tree of adjutant storks and nine chicks fell down. When she communicated with the villager and his neighbours, she was shouted at and laughed at. “The villager was so angry at me for rescuing the birds. One of his neighbours said that ‘we cannot keep it in our backyard. It makes our area very dirty and smelly’,” Barman recalled. But with her tireless effort, she managed to change his views and the villager joined her in protecting the birds. “After that, I experienced the power of the community and decided-to make use of it for stork conservation,” Barman added. She then started the Hargila Army of villagers, especially the network of thousands of families across villages who travel door to door with her in spreading awareness and educating people about stork conservation. “Initially women hesitated to come out and volunteer. But one day, I organized a cooking contest and scores of people participated and that’s how all our gatherings revolved (围绕) around stork conservation and restoring their ecosystem. Slowly and gradually, we increased the network, and now we are saving many other endangered species,” Barman said. 1．What has led to the decrease of the storks in Assam? A．The attack of diseases. B．High demand for wood. C．Villagers’ negative attitude. D．Ignorance of their situation: 2．What drove Barman to found “the Hargila Army of villagers”? A．Her bird-watching experience. B．Her PhD study on the bird. C．Her effort to prevent tree cutting. D．Her communication with a villager. 3．How did Barman involve women at first? A．By visiting them door to door. B．By organising a cooking contest: C．By giving away food to them. D．By hosting voluntary activities. 4．What can we learn about Barman from her deeds? A．She strives to preserve wildlife. B．She values diverse views. C．She prioritises academic education. D．She cares about villagers’ welfare. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了印度野生生物学家普尔尼玛·德维·巴曼博士对于大秃鹳的保护工作。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the world’s rarest birds, the greater adjutant stork (大秃鹳), known locally as the Hargila was once considered “disease carrier” and “ugly” by the villagers in Assam who would destroy their nests. (世界上最稀有的鸟类之一，大秃鹳，在当地被称为哈吉拉，曾经被阿萨姆邦的村民认为是“疾病携带者”和“丑陋的”，他们会摧毁它们的巢穴。)”可知，村民的消极态度导致了大秃鹳的减少。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Recalling one of the moments that changed her life, Barman said that while she was doing her PhD paper on the greater adjutant stork, she got a call telling her that a villager had cut the nest-tree of adjutant storks and nine chicks fell down. When she communicated with the villager and his neighbours, she was shouted at and laughed at. “The villager was so angry at me for rescuing the birds. One of his neighbours said that ‘we cannot keep it in our backyard. It makes our area very dirty and smelly’,” Barman recalled. (回忆起改变她一生的一个时刻，巴曼说，当她正在写关于大秃鹳的博士论文时，她接到一个电话，告诉她一个村民砍倒了大秃鹳的巢树，九只小鸡掉了下来。当她与村民和他的邻居交流时，她被大声呵斥和嘲笑。“村民对我救了这些鸟很生气。他的一个邻居说：‘我们不能把它养在后院。它使我们的区域非常肮脏和难闻’，”巴曼回忆道。)”可知，和一个村民的交流驱使巴曼成立了“哈吉拉村民军”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But one day, I organized a cooking contest and scores of people participated and that’s how all our gatherings revolved (围绕) around stork conservation and restoring their ecosystem. (但是有一天，我组织了一场烹饪比赛，很多人参加了比赛，我们所有的聚会都围绕着保护鹳和恢复它们的生态系统展开。)”可知，巴曼一开始通过组织烹饪比赛让女人参与进来。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Dr Purnima Devi Barman, an Indian wildlife biologist, has been committed to protecting the endangered birds and changing the opinion of villagers. (印度野生生物学家普尔尼玛·德维·巴曼博士一直致力于保护濒危鸟类，并改变村民的看法。)”以及倒数第二段“She then started the Hargila Army of villagers, especially the network of thousands of families across villages who travel door to door with her in spreading awareness and educating people about stork conservation. (然后，她成立了“哈吉拉村民军”，特别是由数千个家庭组成的网络，他们和她一起挨家挨户地传播鹳的保护意识，教育人们。)”可知，巴曼努力保护野生动物。故选A。 Passage 23 （24-25高二上·福建厦门·期末）Travel photographer Peter Yan left behind a successful career at Apple to pursue his work as a visual storyteller. In a few years, the Chinese-born Australian photographer has built an impressive following on social media, where over 150,000 people follow his inspiring imagery. One particular photo, taken on a trip to Yangshuo, China, has caused the Internet to sit up and take notice. In the photograph, a cormorant (鸬鹚) fisherman stands on his simple wooden raft (筏), ready to work with his two birds next to him. When Peter arrived at Yangshuo, he was immediately entranced by the practice of cormorant fishing. This technique is typically practiced in rivers, with fishermen training their birds to catch fish in their throat and bring them back to the boat. The method was first described in a 636 CE text about the history of the Sui Dynasty and was a prosperous (繁荣的) industry. Now, cormorant fishing is typically practiced for tourism purposes, which makes Yan’s photograph all the more special. Through this viral photograph, he’s been able to bring awareness back to a tradition that is fading. At the same time, given Yangshuo’s incredible landscape, he’s exposed his followers to a new side of China that they may not otherwise have discovered. Three years ago, photography was just a hobby for Yan. Since he went on overseas vacations, he started to post on social media regularly. After a year, his account took off and gained lots of followers. He loved his full-time job, but as his photography “work” became more serious, he had to make a tough decision. In the end, he chose travel photography full-time, for fear of future regret if he didn’t try it sooner. Yan looks forward to the countless adventures that lie ahead, knowing there are still many hidden treasures waiting to be discovered$$