考题猜想05 语法填空培优专练20篇-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版）

2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 考题猜想05 语法填空培优专练20篇 原卷版 满分策略 一、括号内给动词的三种填法： 1. 谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致； 2. 非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词； 3. 动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。 二、填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”： 1. 看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three months; 2. 看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…; 3. 看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”； 4. 看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。 三、语法填空两个重要理念： 1. 同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。 2. 括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。 四、自由填空黄金做题思路: 1. 填写介词，需要考虑空前空后与动词、名词或形容词的固定搭配或习惯用法； 2. 填写冠词，考虑a和an的区别，以及定冠词和不定冠词的区别以及含冠词固定搭配； 3. 填写连词，既要考虑并列句中and, or ,but的选择又要考虑名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句连接词的选择； 4. 是填写代词，高频词是it，还有one，another, either, neither, that等不定代词。上述自由填空一般占3-4空，其余为给词填空。 五、规范训练目标： 做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时6分钟/每篇。 考点例析 考点一：提示词为动词，考查谓语动词。 若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。 例1 (2025•八省联考卷) The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China, but also (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. 例2 (2024•浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. 例3（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 考点二：提示词为动词，考查非谓语动词。 若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。 例4（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 例5（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 考点三：提示词为动词，考查词性转换为名词或形容词。 当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。 例6（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 例7（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 考点四：提示词为名词，考查名词的数与格及词形转换。 所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。 例8（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists. 例9（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. 例10（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 考点五：提示词代词，考查代词的数、格或反身代词。 所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。 例11（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 例12（2021全国I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 　 　（I）. 例13（2020年新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 考点六：提示词为形容词，考查形容词或副词的比较等级。 当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。 例14（2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 例15（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ____________ (high) mountain. 考点七：提示词为形容词，考查形容词词性转换为副词甚至动词。 当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。 例16（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 例17（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 考点八：无提示词，根据句子含义填冠词。 若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 例18（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 例19（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 考点九：无提示词，根据句子含义填介词。 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。 例20（2023新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. 例21（2023全国甲卷）She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment. 考点十：无提示词，根据句子含义填代词。 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。 例22（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _________ can be to eat out. 考点十一：无提示词，根据句子含义填并列连词。 当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。 例23（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 例24（2023新高考II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. 例25（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 考点十二：无提示词，根据句子含义填定语从句关系代词或关系副词。 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 例26（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. 例27（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 考点十三：无提示词，根据句子含义填名词性从句连接词。 设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。 例28（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 例29（2021全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 考点十四：无提示词，根据句子含义填状语从句连接词。 设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。 例30（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. Passage 01 （24-25高二上·河南驻马店·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 From learning Chinese to teaching Chinese Speaking of her experience learning Chinese, Passant Sayed Khalil said that she embarked on the journey of learning Chinese at the 1 (suggest) of her father. Her father believed that the relationship between Egypt and China was becoming increasingly close, with many Chinese companies 2 (set) up operations in Egypt, making learning Chinese very 3 (benefit) for future development. However, her journey of learning Chinese was not without challenges. Passant Sayed Khalil recalled facing pronunciation difficulties in the first week of learning Chinese at Cairo University. “Chinese is 4 (complete) different from my native Arabic language. So I needed to put in extra effort to learn.” “Over the years, learning Chinese 5 (make) me a better version of myself,” Passant Sayed Khalil said. In September 2019, after graduating from Cairo University, Passant Sayed Khalil went to Beijing Normal University 6 (pursue) her master’s degree. In July 2021, after two years of study and internship at the Confucius Institute of Cairo University, she successfully obtained her master’s degree 7 became a Chinese teacher at the Confucius Institute of Cairo University. Today, she often tells her students stories about China and its culture in the classroom. Her students, as she once 8 (be), face challenges with Chinese pronunciation, sentence construction, and writing. In these moments, she shares her secrets of learning Chinese 9 her students — practice more, face challenges, and also shows 10 (they) places of interest in Beijing such as the Great Wall to experience Chinese culture. Passage 02 （23-24高二下·河南驻马店·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Indigenous plants of Sri Lanka have attracted traders and food lovers for centuries. But separated by land and ocean, Sri Lanka is far away from China, and it is not easy to find a restaurant 1 (devote) to that country’s cuisine in any Chinese city. Fortunately, food lovers can sit down at a Beijing food festival 2 (sample) Sri Lanka’s cuisine that’s not well-known in China. Dammika De Silva, 3 18-year best — known chef in Sri Lanka, is now at Beijing’s Minzu Hotel for a two—week stint to arouse diners’ 4 (curious) and appetites for the coastal country’s cuisine. He 5 (present) a special menu for the ongoing Sri Lanka Food Festival at the hotel’s Mill Cafe, co-organized by the embassy of Sri Lanka in China and the Beijing People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries. “Sri Lanka is the country of spices, and we are the people of spices, ”declares Manick Rodrigo in the festival, managing director of Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts, 6 the famous chef currently works. “Nearly 80 percent of cinnamon on the global market is from Sri Lanka, ”he adds. The fact that so many spices are native 7 the tropical Southeast Asian country has made 8 a trading attraction since the days of the Maritime Silk Road. Spices make food fragrant and 9 (taste), and apart from people 10 (avoid) strongly spiced food for religious reasons, many people in Sri Lanka like strong—flavored food, he adds. Passage 03 （23-24高二下·河南开封·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jianbing is one of China’s most popular street breakfasts. Every neighborhood has its own Jianbing vendor (摊贩) serving breakfast from dawn through mid-morning, satisfying hungry 1 (local) on their way to work. Contrary 2 what you might think, Jianbing is no grab-and-go street breakfast. 3 (preserve) the crispness (酥脆) of the pancake, Jianbing is never cooked ahead of time, so waiting in a line is part of the culture. But 4 (basic), Jianbing is a breakfast worth waiting for. Jianbing has a longer history 5 almost any other Chinese street food. Thought to have originated in Shandong Province during the Three Kingdoms Period, military strategist Zhuge Liang had his soldiers cook food on shields (盾) 6 (hold) over the fire. Of course, if Jianbing were that easy to make, it would have taken the world by storm long before now. Part of 7 challenge in copying the dish is that the recipe for a Jianbing differs by region, and even by vendor. Many consider it 8 (possible) to make your own Jianbing without months of practice and tuition from a master. Yet a few committed foreigners have made it, who 9 (inspire) to bring Jianbing to a hungry audience after their first taste in China back in the 1980s. In the UK, twins Melissa and Oliver Fu, owners of Mei Mei’s Street Cart are bringing the joys of Jianbing first to London and now Manchester despite all the difficulty they have in 10 (perfect) their technique. Passage 04 （23-24高二下·陕西汉中·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mamianqun or the horse-faced skirt originated from the Song Dynasty, but it gained popularity among women during later Ming and Qing dynasties. 1 truly sets mamianqun apart is the intricate pleats (褶) that are both abundant and distinctive. The pleats are not only decorative, they allow for 2 (free) of movement. Now designers draw their inspiration from traditional Chinese cultural elements to create charming patterns on the skirts. Mamianqun isn’t just for historical reenactments (重演). It’s an item of clothing 3 (perfect) suitable for everyday wear, even in a contemporary office setting. 4 design of mamianqun combines tradition with modernity, 5 (make) it not just a relic of the past, but a functional and stylish addition to the modern wardrobe (衣橱). Now, mamianqun is making an even 6 (huge) comeback compared to most of times. People wear it either in the streets or in the office. This resurgence (复兴) is fueled by a growing sense of cultural pride, which promotes people 7 (honor) their heritage by having traditional clothing into their daily wardrobes. Caoxian, 8 (know) as the heart of mamianqun manufacturing, is a county in Shandong Province. Caoxian holds a deep cultural heritage of han fu, Chinese traditional clothing, and is home 9 numerous han fu enterprises. With the rise of online shopping, the local han fu industry of Caoxian 10 (grow) rapidly in recent years. Passage 05 （23-24高二下·河南焦作·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 On Wednesday, one of the country’s top livestream influencers Dong Yuhui, invited two writers, Yu Hua and Su Tong, and the editor-in-chief of Harvest magazine, Cheng Yongxin, to hisDouyin program, Time With Yuhui. The 1 (enthusiastic) that the writers brought to the livestream was so strong that Dong extended the one-hour program to 150 minutes. They 2 (sell) 63,000 bimonthly issues of the literary before they ended the program. The talk show made many ask the same question: How many people still read, 3 (particular)printed magazines and books? Harvest, 4 (found) in 1957, has been boosting contemporary Chinese literature since the1980s. Yu Hua, 5 is known for his novel To Live, said the magazine is like the Dow Jones index of the country’s literary scene. Harvest’s editor-in-chief Cheng Yongxin said throughout the hard times 6 (face) all printed publications, the magazine has never run any advertisements, because they think readers come to them for literature, not for ads. “ 7 brought us to this livestream is that things have changed, and we’re being challenged,” Cheng said. “But I fully believe in the power of literature, and of good writing.” Dong remembers that the attention he received as buyers rushed to his livestreaming room was partly due 8 his past readings of literature. “Literature brings us closer,” Dong added. The success led media critics 9 (see) a light in the future of serious writing. Nowadays, literary creations need to step out, and greet 10 (consumer) in the way they like and accept. Dong is their preferred choice and a deserving host. Passage 06 （23-24高二下·河北石家庄·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The “Understanding Contemporary China” Foreign Language Contests were held in Beijing from December 4 to 8． Nearly one million college students from more than 1,300 universities participated , with about 2,500 1 (enter) the national final. The contests aimed to 2 (deep) college students’ understanding of China, enhance their linguistic (语言的) abilities and intercultural communication 3 (competent), and provide a platform for them to tell China’s stories well. The champion of the English group 4 (determine) through a simulated (模拟的) “Global Youth Summit”. Three contestants discussed 5 (topic) including cultural diversity and the future development of mankind with Xinhua News Agency’s reporter Simon Keith Robinson, 6 tested their knowledge and ability to handle diverse subjects. Xu Chengcheng, from Beijing Foreign Studies University, won 7 national championship of the International Communication Contest. She demonstrated a high-level of English proficiency(熟练)and strong communication skills in the prepared speech 8 the Global Youth Summit session(会议). A special session of “Multilingual Champions Showcase” was part 9 the closing ceremony, where champions used their foreign language skills 10 (share) stories about their understanding of China and communication with the world, showcasing youthful insights. Passage 07 （23-24高二上·河南洛阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A concert 1 (feature ) ancient China's Tang Dynasty poems was held in Philadelphia, on Friday night January to celebrate the upcoming Chinese Lunar New Year. Echoes of Ancient Tang Poems, the 1.5-hour-long concert attracted more than 2,000audience and brought the Tang Dynasty to life with ancient poems reinterpreted by young international 2 (composer). 3 concert, presented jointly by Suzhou International Young Artist Festival and the Philadelphia Orchestra, was also held to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the orchestra’s historic 1973 tour of China. Chinese Consul General in New York Huang Ping, 4 made remarks before the show, said, “The Philadelphia Orchestra 5 (become) one of the most popular foreign orchestras in China since the ensemble’s (乐团) trip to China. The stories between the Philadelphia Orchestra and 6 (it) Chinese partners showed that people to people exchange is a constant driving force for China-U. S. relations.” 7 (found) in 1900, the orchestra was the first U S orchestra to perform in China Since then, it has 8 (frequent) visited the Asian country, serving 9 a bridge for bilateral cultural, educational and people-to-people exchanges. “The concert was marvelous, ”said Jennifer Lin, a local documentary director told Xinhua after the show. “The poetry was 10 (impress) .The singing was beautiful , and the orchestra was fantastic ” Passage 08 （23-24高二上·河南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Japanese researchers have developed computerized chopsticks that enhance (增加)salty tastes, 1 could help those who need to reduce sodium (钠)in their diets. The chopsticks 2 (develop) by Meiji University professor Homei Miyashita and drink manufacturer Kirin Holdings Company in May. Wiring connects the chopsticks to a small computer device 3 (attach) to the eater’s hand. A weak electrical current transports sodium ions (离子)from food through the chopsticks 4 the mouth. “As 5 result, the salty taste enhances 1.5 times,” Miyashita said. The 6 (tradition) diet in Japan is salty. The average Japanese adult eats about 10 grams of salt each day. That is twice the amount suggested by the World Health Organization. High sodium intake is linked to increased cases of high blood 7 (press), strokes and other conditions. “To prevent these 8 (disease), we need to reduce the amount of salt we take in,” said Kirin researcher Ai Sato. Sato 9 (add) that if Japanese people try to reduce salt intake in the usual ways, they will need to cut many of their favorite foods from their diet. Otherwise, they would have to eat bland or flavorless food. Miyashita and Kirin are improving their chopsticks and hope to have them ready 10 (sell) as early as next year. Passage 09 （24-25高二上·安徽安庆·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pupils at Milton Hall School in Essex will soon be treated to lessons inside an actual private jet. The school 1 (buy) the disused plane earlier this month and will use it to inspire creative learning. The Cessna Citation jet, 2 was brought to the school’s playing field by crane (起重机) was said to be “a lot 3 (cheap) than building a classroom”. Once it’s washed and repaired, it’s expected 4 (hold) up to 15 children. “The children just want to get inside it, 5 we need to make it safe first.” Jon Baker, Milton Hall’s media manager said. “It’ll 6 (comfortable) fit half a class when we’re finished.” The school’s business manager said they would spend about four 7 (month) transforming the space, with seating, lighting, solar panels and so on, 8 (change) it into a completely new exciting learning space. They hoped to give their children 9 unusual way to further attract them and expand on 10 (they) learning. Once it’s ready, the school hopes to use it as an IT center and for media studies. Passage 10 （24-25高二上·安徽·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese hit video game Black Myth: Wukong, 1 action role-playing game developed by Game Science, 2 (come) top of the “most-played games” list on Steam, a leading gaming platform, merely an hour after its launch on Tuesday morning. 3 (adapt) from the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game has succeeded in “telling China’s story with world-class quality”. In it, players take the role of the Destined One, a monkey following in the footsteps of the Monkey King on an 4 (adventure) journey to collect the six Relics 5 once belonged to Sun Wukong and challenge the Celestial Court (天庭). Drawing on a rich heritage of nearly 1,000 years of Chinese culture, the game’s storyline and characters have proven difficult 6 (understand) for many players, especially those from Western countries. For instance, a player shared on social media that their lack of familiarity with Journey to the West led to them consistently missing hidden treasures, finally resulting 7 repeated failures during a boss fight in Chapter 2. To bridge these cultural divides, numerous Western fans have devoted 8 (enthusiastic) great time and effort. One player wrote a 200-page outline detailing Sun Wukong’s abilities across all 100 chapters of Journey to the West, and another fan immersed 9 (he) in the epic by checking out TV shows, 10 (essay) and online encyclopedias. Through this process, Western players have not only refined their gaming skills but also developed a deeper appreciation for Sun Wukong and this classic book. Passage 11 （24-25高二上·安徽·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 In recent years, China’s new-style milk tea has blended traditional tea culture with modern creativity. 1 has captured the attention of young consumers are its unique flavors and trendy designs. Milk tea, a satisfaction to people’s 2 (stomach), is rarely 3 (absence) from social media trends. Collaborative drinks, such as the Luckin Coffee × Black Myth: Wukong series, 4 (win) widespread admiration for their bold flavors and cultural references since its introduction into the market. Legend has it that the idea for such collaborations arose from a tea shop’s attempt to capture the attention of 5 target audience. Early efforts, which relied on 6 (simple) and more traditional designs, proved 7 vain, failing to stand out in a competitive market, until the innovative themed drinks emerged and reshaped the game. The process is meticulous (一丝不苟的), involving choosing high-quality tea bases 8 blending signature flavors with iconic elements, such as monkey-shaped foam art. With its growing appeal, Chinese milk tea culture is bound 9 (enjoy) international fame. A trip 10 (schedule) to try these collaborations will not be disappointing! Passage 12 （23-24高二下·安徽马鞍山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Students aged 6-12 in California will be required 1 (learn) cursive handwriting. The return to handwriting comes after many years in which typing on computer keyboards 2 (teach) and handwriting was 3 (large) ignored. Cursive is 4 kind of handwriting in which all the letters in a word are connected to each other. 5 (start) this year, Assembly Bill 446 requires handwriting in grades one through six and cursive lessons in grades three and above. Experts say learning cursive is 6 (benefit) to brain development, reading skills, and hand movement. Some educators also find value in teaching children to read historical 7 (document) and family letters from past generations. Pamela Keller, 8 teaches grades four to six at Orangethorpe Elementary School in Fullerton, said she was already teaching cursive before the law took effect on January 1. Some children complained about the difficulty. 9 , when Keller told them cursive could make them smarter and help them move 10 the next level, they got excited. They wanted to learn. Passage 13 （23-24高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Just after finishing his work, Mr. Philips was going to the grocery shop to buy some bananas, but he saw a poor old lady 1 (sell)fresh bananas on the street, so it seemed 2 (convenient)to buy some from her. The old lady charged $7 3 one kilo of bananas. “But the shop 4 I usually buy from gives them for $5 per kilo!”, Mr. Philips said. “I’m sorry sir, I cannot afford to match that price”, the old lady responded. Mr. Philips said nothing and went to the grocery shop. 5 , when he wanted to pay for bananas he picked, the cashier told him that the price per kilo was $10. He tried to bargain again, but the manager said coldly, “We do not bargain.” Mr. Philips felt very 6 (annoy)with his attitude, and decided to put the bananas back and go back to the old lady. She recognized him 7 (instant)and told him, “Sir, I can’t match that price.” “Don’t worry, I will pay you $10 per kilo!” said Mr. Philips. “Now, give me two 8 (kilo)please!” The old lady happily packed the bananas and said, “I can’t accept $10 per kilo but I will accept $7 per kilo. I appreciate your 9 (kind).” Mr. Philips left the old lady speechless with gratitude, and also recommended many friends to buy bananas from the old lady, which they did. From that day on, she made 10 much better living than ever before. Passage 14 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever sunk a spoon and a pair of chopsticks into a deep bowl of hot pot? If so, then you know that this widely-appreciated dish can be 1 (absolute) delicious and fun to eat. Typically 2 (associated) with Chinese food, hot pot is commonly seasoned with all kinds of traditional Chinese ingredients, ranging from raw shellfish 3 sliced mushrooms. Today hot pot is enjoyed all across Asia, which begs the question: Where, exactly, did hot pot originate? Some historians trace its beginnings back to boatmen living along the Yangtze and Jialing rivers around Chongqing, China, 4 invented an inexpensive and efficient way to eat. Others believe early hot pots 5 (link) to Mongol soldiers. As they traveled and camped across Asia and beyond, they’d sit around the fires, 6 (enjoy) hot soup in one of their overturned helmets (头盔). Nowadays there are three major styles of hot pot. Sichuan hot pot 7 (feature) strong and spicy flavors. Cantonese hot pot is a much 8 (mild) version with less spicy seasoning. The third one is Mongolian hot pot, which is similar to the original version of hot pot. Despite the variations of this dish, 9 makes hot pot become a favorite dish all over the world is its inclusiveness-everyone is free to add their favorite 10 (item) right into the pot, cooking and eating as they go. Passage 15 （24-25高二上·广东潮州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s lunar spacesuit made its first public appearance on September 28, 2024 in Chongqing. The suit features a 1 (power) appearance and stands for pioneering spirit of the Chinese people, according to media reports. The unveiling (揭幕) marks a significant milestone (里程碑) in the country’s lunar exploration efforts and 2 (reflect) the advancement of China’s spacesuit technology. The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) also launched 3 naming campaign for the suit in which all people were welcomed to join during the opening ceremony of the 4 (three) space suit technology forum in Southwest China’s Chongqing Municipality. The red decorative bands on the arms and legs emphasize its smooth and elegant design, with the arm bands 5 (design) to look like flowing “Feitian” ribbons (带) — meaning flying gods in traditional Chinese culture — symbolizing grace and 6 (elegant). The leg bands 7 (shape) like the exhaust flames of a rocket, conveying the dynamic energy of space exploration. Meanwhile, the suit draws inspiration from traditional Chinese military uniforms, 8 reflects the courage and pioneering spirit of the Chinese people. Since 2020, the research and development of the lunar spacesuit has focused 9 protective functions in complex environments and enhancing astronaut mobility. The design lays stress on every small component, with high safety standards. The suit’s development has achieved numerous technical 10 (breakthrough), establishing a solid foundation for China’s first manned lunar mission. Passage 16 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下列短文，根据上下文在空白处填写适当的词语，或使用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。 Within the wildly varied types of Peruvian food, there’s one deserving some special attention-Peruvian Chinese food, locally 1 (call) chifa. The roots of the chifa tradition lie in the first big wave, of Chinese migration to Peru, which 2 (occur) in the mid-nineteenth century. Since then, more Chinese have come to Peru. And this, in turn, creates interesting 3 (opportunity) for Chinese citizens considering opening a business in Peru. The Chinese influence in Peru has given rise to 4 kind of fusion (融合) cuisine. Also, it’s responsible for contributing some absolutely essential ingredients 5 Peruvian cooking. Just as traditional Chinese ingredients took root in wider Peruvian cuisine, certain words of Chinese origin became commonly-used in Peru. Of course, there’s the word chifa, 6 describes Chinese-Peruvian fusion food as well as the restaurants that sell it. Chifa is not just a fusion of two cuisines 7 a reflection of the unique culinary traditions of the regions where it is prepared. Recipes can easily 8 (adjust) to include ingredients only available or popular in a specific region. Another fun fact: the 9 (huge) popular late-night TV programme “Wantan Night” was actually named after the wontons used in chifa, 10 (demonstrate) just how deeply rooted Chinese cuisine is in Peru. Passage 17 （24-25高二上·广东清远·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Aircraft designer Gu Songfen and nuclear expert Wang Dazhong 1 (award) the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, China’s top science honour, on 3rd November, 2021. They received the prize for their outstanding contributions to 2 (science) and technological innovation. Born in 1930 Gu is a well-known aircraft designer, and an aviation strategy scientist. From 1961 to 1986, he served 3 the chief designer and director of the Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute, 4 is part of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China. He, together with his assistants, established 5 unique system, which was far more advanced than that in America. What’s more, he carried out two aviation strategic 6 (research), making a significant contribution to China’s aviation science and technology. Born in 1935, Wang is a 7 (distinguish) scholar and strategic scientist in international nuclear energy. He 8 (commit) himself to developing advanced nuclear energy systems with inherent safety features since he worked. 9 impresses the nation is that he has helped China make great progress in the development of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology, 10 (lay) an important foundation for the country to step into the forefront globally in the field of advanced nuclear energy. Passage 18 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space exploration has always been an extraordinary pursuit for countries around the world, and China is no exception. China’s space ambitions can be traced back to 1957 1 the Soviet Union launched the world’s first satellite, Sputnik. Mao Zedong decided that China should also launch 2 (it) own satellite with the assistance of Soviet technology and top scientists such as Qian Xuesen. Thus, the country started the first space program. China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1 3 (launch) in 1970, using the long march rocket modified from the Dongfang ballistic missile. In 1992, China began project 921, 4 manned space program. Using Russian aerospace technology 5 (purchase) during this period, the country space program made a significant 6 (improve). A breakthrough came in 2003. The Shenzhou-5 spacecraft carried China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. China became the third country 7 (have) independent human space flight capabilities. One major reason for China’s success in space is the huge government investment. Beijing’s spending 8 research and development for spacecraft manufacturing skyrocketed from US$22.6 million in year 2000 to US$433.4 million in 2014. Still, the Chinese space program has quite a lot of catching up to do. However, there is one thing for sure: China is a 9 (lead) force to be reckoned with in the current space race. It has 10 (clear) defined plans for manned lunar mission, space probes for planets like Jupiter, and has built simulation grounds. Passage 19 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Greater Cold, or dahan, is a solar term that expresses the degree of cold. It 1 (symbolise) the official arrival of spring. In ancient times, it meant that the break in farming in winter was coming to an end. During Greater Cold, the cold waves 2 (frequent) move southward, making it the 3 (cold) season of the year. Greater Cold 4 (divide) into three terms. According to phenomena 5 (record) by folk observations, in the first five days, hens start to hatch chickens; during the middle term, eagles are in a state of hunting; and the last five days sees ice in a lake freeze 6 the edge to the center, where it is strongest and thickest. Ye Chunsheng, a professor of the Chinese Department at Sun Yatsen University, explains the 7 (wise) of ancient people, saying the severe cold at this time of the year is a good sign, 8 means that pests (害虫) and disease will not be able to survive the winter, and there will be a good harvest (收获) next year. 9 the Greater Cold is a time of coldness, expert Liu Xiaochang’s memory of his childhood brings a sense of warmth. “I was born in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. No matter how cold the weather is, it can’t stop people from getting together, 10 (celebrate) their reunion.” Passage 20 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For first-time visitors to Chengdu, Chunxi Road is an essential destination not to be overlooked. Chunxi Road as well as the other two main roads 1 (build) in 24 to link two commercial centers. It provides lovely food choices, 2 (delight) sightseeing, and a lot of shopping chances. Today, it stands as the very heart of fashion and modernity in Chengdu, offering 3 unique experience that reflects the city’s dynamic spirit. At the northern end of Chunxi Road, several bronze statues 4 (true) capture the essence of Chengdu’s past and present. An old man 5 (dress) in traditional Chinese clothes is engaged in making delicious food. Nearby, a young lady is walking in a hurry. The old man, with whom the visitors often take a picture, stands for the businessmen from the past, while the lady stands for the modern young people.    Chunxi Road is a shopper’s paradise, offering an extensive range of products from high-end international brands 6 affordable local items. The street is also renowned for its mouth-watering and budget-friendly local 7 (snack) that cater to every palate. For those concerned about the spicy cuisine in Chengdu, there are fast-food outlets 8 (serve) sweet options and nearby cafés and tea-houses 9 you can relax with a cup of coffee or tea. Many visitors are drawn to this area by the charm of the song Chengdu just 10 (experience) the city’s celebrated “slow-paced” and “laid-back” lifestyle. Passage 21 （24-25高二下·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origins of the umbrella can be traced back over thousands of years to early human societies. Initially used as sunshades, these early umbrellas 1 (fashion) from materials like silk or paper, and waterproofed with wax (蜡) and lacquer (漆) 2 (offer) rain protection. According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, which proved inconvenient for travel. Inspired by 3 sight of people taking shelter under eaves (屋檐), Lady Yun created a folding device made of bamboo and fabric. LuBan later improved this design, making it 4 (practical)for rain and sun protection than before, paving the way 5 the modern umbrella — a proof of the wisdom and 6 (creative) of early Chinese people. Pioneer 7 China may be in the development of umbrellas, similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece, 8 (primary) for sun protection. The word “umbrella” 9 (it) originates from the Latin “umbra”, meaning “shade”. Over time, as waterproofing techniques advanced, umbrellas changed from simple sunshades to essential tools for rain protection, 10 (gain) widespread popularity across the globe. Passage 22 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wooden movable-type printing (活字印刷) is one of the world’s oldest printing techniques. It dates back to the early Yuan Dynasty, during 1 time it was introduced to compile (编撰) and print elan genealogies (家谱). Since then, this technique has been passed down through generations in Rui’an county, Zhejiang province, and is still 2 use today. Men are trained to draw and carve Chinese characters, which are then set into a type-page and printed. The movable characters can be used time and again after the type-page 3 (take) apart. The printed genealogy is then placed into a locked box 4 (preserve). The reason why woodblock movable type printing continues to exist in modern society 5 (part) lies in its ability to produce genealogies that can be preserved for a long time. Compared to modern printing technologies, products printed 6 (employ) woodblock movable type remain clear for hundreds of years. However, with the systematic training 7 (need), the low income generated and computer printing technology popularized, the number of craftspeople 8 (decrease) rapidly so far. At present, only eleven people over 50 years of age remain who have mastered the whole set of techniques. 9 not protected, this traditional practice will soon disappear. With the growing 10 (emphasize) on traditional culture and conservation awareness, woodblock movable type printing, as a cultural heritage, has gained increasing attention and protection. Passage 23 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the majority of southeastern Asian countries such as Vietnam and Thailand, rice is the 1 (widespread) grain. China is the first country 2 (grow) rice. Chinese people have devoted themselves to 3 (boost) this essential crop for centuries. To feed the large population, Chinese people work together to make sure that rice is grown well. For instance, in order to tackle the crisis of water 4 (short), our government calls on citizens to reduce water consumption. They also carry out artificial rainfalls in which a special device is sent into the sky and explodes like a bomb. Then the 5 (chemical) inside help generate rain from clouds. As for our scientists, they research on characteristics of various rice grains to develop some excellent ones, some of 6 may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil. With people’s efforts 7 (expand) to more aspects, lots of difficulties in farming have been overcome and some visions have been turned 8 reality. We 9 (convince) that rice can be extended to more countries in the world. In closing, 10 we can grow rice in deserts is no longer an assumption, but there is still a long way for us to go. Passage 24 （23-24高二下·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 DUJIANGYAN Originally constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a 1 (remark) example of ancient engineering skill and is still 2 use today. During the Warring States period, people who lived along the 3 (bank) of the Min River were troubled by annual flooding. Qin governor and irrigation engineer Li Bing investigated the problem 4 (thorough). He led a team to construct a levee 5 (redirect) a portion of the river’s flow. Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water. After the system was finished, no more floods occurred. What’s more, the redirected water from the Min River could be used for irrigation， 6 made Sichuan one of the most productive agricultural regions in China . If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see 7 unusual construction that resembles a fish’s mouth. This famous attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts, namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, 8 (design) scientifically to control the water flow throughout the year. 9 (recognize) as a UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan 10 (irrigate) farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years. Passage 25 （23-24高二上·浙江·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Sept. 7, famous Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, 1 (award) by UNESCO for her contribution 2 the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. 3 (call) the “daughter of Dunhuang”, she started her story with the cave 60 years ago. In 1963, Fan, then a 25-year-old Peking University graduate, had the chance 4 (work) at the Mogao Caves, a place she had wanted to explore for a long time. Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost 5 (complete) cut off from the world. Fan and her coworkers stayed inside the caves to do research, copy murals (壁画), and do 6 they could to protect and restore them. 7 time passed, Fan found a serious problem. 8 number of tourists visiting Dunhuang was increasing, which might harm the caves, 9 (cause) the murals inside to fade. In the late 1980s, Fan stumbled upon (偶然发现) computer technology by chance. She realized that this might preserve the Mogao Caves forever. After over 30 years of 10 (explore), the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relies there, allowing Dunhuang’s art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world. 试卷第2页，共16页 试卷第1页，共16页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 考题猜想05 语法填空培优专练20篇 解析版 满分策略 一、括号内给动词的三种填法： 1. 谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致； 2. 非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词； 3. 动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。 二、填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”： 1. 看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three months; 2. 看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…; 3. 看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”； 4. 看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。 三、语法填空两个重要理念： 1. 同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。 2. 括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。 四、自由填空黄金做题思路: 1. 填写介词，需要考虑空前空后与动词、名词或形容词的固定搭配或习惯用法； 2. 填写冠词，考虑a和an的区别，以及定冠词和不定冠词的区别以及含冠词固定搭配； 3. 填写连词，既要考虑并列句中and, or ,but的选择又要考虑名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句连接词的选择； 4. 是填写代词，高频词是it，还有one，another, either, neither, that等不定代词。上述自由填空一般占3-4空，其余为给词填空。 五、规范训练目标： 做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时6分钟/每篇。 考点例析 考点一：提示词为动词，考查谓语动词。 若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。 例1 (2025•八省联考卷) The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China, but also (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. 答案: promotes。 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数promotes。故填promotes。 例2 (2024•浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. 答案: be offered。 解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 例3（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 答案：was amazed。 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 考点二：提示词为动词，考查非谓语动词。 若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。 例4（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 答案: to bite。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 例5（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 答案：borrowing。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 考点三：提示词为动词，考查词性转换为名词或形容词。 当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。 例6（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 答案：arrival。 解析：考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 例7（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 答案：excited 解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 考点四：提示词为名词，考查名词的数与格及词形转换。 所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。 例8（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists. 答案：interviews。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。 例9（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. 答案：son’s 解析：考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 例10（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 答案：spacious。 解析：考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 考点五：提示词代词，考查代词的数、格或反身代词。 所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。 例11（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 答案：their。 解析：考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 例12（2021全国I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 　 　（I）. 答案：mine 解析：句意为：对我来说的确如此。指my memory,所以用名词性物主代词作介词的宾语,故填mine. 例13（2020年新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 答案：themselves 解析：考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。 考点六：提示词为形容词，考查形容词或副词的比较等级。 当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。 例14（2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 答案：simpler。 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 例15（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ____________ (high) mountain. 答案:highest。 考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 考点七：提示词为形容词，考查形容词词性转换为副词甚至动词。 当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。 例16（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 答案：rarely。 解析：考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。 例17（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 答案：Basically。 解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 考点八：无提示词，根据句子含义填冠词。 若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 例18（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 答案：a。 解析：考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。 例19（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 答案：the。 解析：考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 考点九：无提示词，根据句子含义填介词。 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。 例20（2023新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. 答案：by。 解析：考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。 例21（2023全国甲卷）She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment. 答案：for。 解析：考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 考点十：无提示词，根据句子含义填代词。 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。 例22（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _________ can be to eat out. 答案：it 解析：考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。 考点十一：无提示词，根据句子含义填并列连词。 当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。 例23（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 答案：or。 解析：考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 例24（2023新高考II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. 答案：and。 解析：考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 例25（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 答案：but。 解析：考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 考点十二：无提示词，根据句子含义填定语从句关系代词或关系副词。 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 例26（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. 答案：that/which。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 例27（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 答案：where。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 考点十三：无提示词，根据句子含义填名词性从句连接词。 设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。 例28（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 答案：why。 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 例29（2021全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 答案：what。 解析：考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。 考点十四：无提示词，根据句子含义填状语从句连接词。 设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。 例30（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 答案：When/As。 解析：考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。 Passage 01 （24-25高二上·河南驻马店·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 From learning Chinese to teaching Chinese Speaking of her experience learning Chinese, Passant Sayed Khalil said that she embarked on the journey of learning Chinese at the 1 (suggest) of her father. Her father believed that the relationship between Egypt and China was becoming increasingly close, with many Chinese companies 2 (set) up operations in Egypt, making learning Chinese very 3 (benefit) for future development. However, her journey of learning Chinese was not without challenges. Passant Sayed Khalil recalled facing pronunciation difficulties in the first week of learning Chinese at Cairo University. “Chinese is 4 (complete) different from my native Arabic language. So I needed to put in extra effort to learn.” “Over the years, learning Chinese 5 (make) me a better version of myself,” Passant Sayed Khalil said. In September 2019, after graduating from Cairo University, Passant Sayed Khalil went to Beijing Normal University 6 (pursue) her master’s degree. In July 2021, after two years of study and internship at the Confucius Institute of Cairo University, she successfully obtained her master’s degree 7 became a Chinese teacher at the Confucius Institute of Cairo University. Today, she often tells her students stories about China and its culture in the classroom. Her students, as she once 8 (be), face challenges with Chinese pronunciation, sentence construction, and writing. In these moments, she shares her secrets of learning Chinese 9 her students — practice more, face challenges, and also shows 10 (they) places of interest in Beijing such as the Great Wall to experience Chinese culture. 【答案】1．suggestion 2．setting 3．beneficial 4．completely 5．has made 6．to pursue 7．and 8．was 9．with 10．them 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了埃及开罗大学孔子学院的中文老师帕桑特•赛义德•哈利勒学习中文的经历。 1．考查名词。句意：谈到学习中文的经历，帕桑特•赛义德•哈利勒说，她是在父亲的建议下开始学习中文的。此处作介词宾语，应用名词suggestion，at the suggestion of...表示“在……的建议下”。故填suggestion。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：她的父亲认为，埃及和中国的关系越来越密切，许多中国公司在埃及开展业务，学习汉语对未来的发展非常有益。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，many Chinese companies与set up之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾补。故填setting。 3．考查形容词。句意：她的父亲认为，埃及和中国的关系越来越密切，许多中国公司在埃及开展业务，学习汉语对未来的发展非常有益。此处是“make+宾语+形容词”复合结构，表示“使……怎么样”，应用形容词beneficial“有益的”。故填beneficial。 4．考查副词。句意：中文和我的母语阿拉伯语完全不同。此处修饰形容词different，应用副词completely“完全地”，作状语。故填completely。 5．考查动词时态。句意：帕桑特•赛义德•哈利勒说：“多年来，学习中文让我成为了更好的自己。”根据Over the years可知，应用现在完成时，动名词learning Chinese作主语，谓语动词用单数，助动词使用has。故填has made。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年9月，从开罗大学毕业后，帕桑特•赛义德•哈利勒前往北京师范大学攻读硕士学位。“去北京师范大学”的目的是“攻读硕士学位”，应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to pursue。 7．考查连词。句意：2021年7月，经过在开罗大学孔子学院两年的学习和实习，她顺利获得硕士学位，并成为开罗大学孔子学院的汉语教师。obtained her master’s degree和became a Chinese teacher是并列谓语关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 8．考查动词时态。句意：她的学生和她曾经一样，面临着汉语发音、句子结构和写作方面的挑战。此处表示“她的学生，就像她曾经一样”，由once(曾经)表明陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语 she 是第三人称单数，be动词使用was。故填was。 9．考查介词。句意：在这些时刻，她与学生们分享学习汉语的秘诀——多练习，面对挑战，并向他们展示北京的名胜古迹，如长城，以体验中国文化。固定搭配share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某物”。故填with。 10．考查代词。句意：在这些时刻，她与学生们分享学习汉语的秘诀——多练习，面对挑战，并向他们展示北京的名胜古迹，如长城，以体验中国文化。此处作宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。 Passage 02 （23-24高二下·河南驻马店·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Indigenous plants of Sri Lanka have attracted traders and food lovers for centuries. But separated by land and ocean, Sri Lanka is far away from China, and it is not easy to find a restaurant 1 (devote) to that country’s cuisine in any Chinese city. Fortunately, food lovers can sit down at a Beijing food festival 2 (sample) Sri Lanka’s cuisine that’s not well-known in China. Dammika De Silva, 3 18-year best — known chef in Sri Lanka, is now at Beijing’s Minzu Hotel for a two—week stint to arouse diners’ 4 (curious) and appetites for the coastal country’s cuisine. He 5 (present) a special menu for the ongoing Sri Lanka Food Festival at the hotel’s Mill Cafe, co-organized by the embassy of Sri Lanka in China and the Beijing People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries. “Sri Lanka is the country of spices, and we are the people of spices, ”declares Manick Rodrigo in the festival, managing director of Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts, 6 the famous chef currently works. “Nearly 80 percent of cinnamon on the global market is from Sri Lanka, ”he adds. The fact that so many spices are native 7 the tropical Southeast Asian country has made 8 a trading attraction since the days of the Maritime Silk Road. Spices make food fragrant and 9 (taste), and apart from people 10 (avoid) strongly spiced food for religious reasons, many people in Sri Lanka like strong—flavored food, he adds. 【答案】 1．devoted 2．to sample 3．an 4．curiosity 5．is presenting 6．where 7．to 8．it 9．tasty 10．avoiding 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了斯里兰卡本土植物几个世纪以来一直吸引着商人和美食爱好者。尽管斯里兰卡与中国相隔遥远，但在北京的一个食品节上，美食爱好者可以品尝到在中国不太知名的斯里兰卡美食。文章还提到了斯里兰卡的香料和食品节的一些细节。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：但由于陆地和海洋的阻隔，斯里兰卡距离中国很远，在中国的任何城市都很难找到一家专门经营该国美食的餐厅。devote与restaurant之间是被动关系，要用过去分词作定语，故填devoted。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，美食爱好者们可以坐下来参加北京美食节，品尝在中国不太知名的斯里兰卡美食。因空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，要用动词不定式，故填to sample。 3．考查冠词。句意：斯里兰卡最著名的厨师达米卡·德席尔瓦（Dammika De Silva）现年18岁，目前正在北京民族饭店（Minzu Hotel）工作两周，以激发食客们对沿海国家美食的好奇心和食欲。因空白处后面有名词，需使用不定冠词表示“一个”含义，best-known 是元音音素开头的单词，前面要用不定冠词an，故填an。 4．考查名词。句意：同上。此处缺少宾语，要用名词作宾语，故填curiosity。 5．考查时态。句意：他正在酒店的美尔咖啡厅（Mill Cafe）为正在进行的斯里兰卡美食节提供特别菜单，该活动由斯里兰卡驻华大使馆和北京人民对外友好协会联合举办。此处缺少谓语动词，因句子表示的是当前正在发生的动作，此处要用现在进行时，故填is presenting。 6．考查连词。句意：“斯里兰卡是香料之国，我们是香料之人，”巴贝林阿育吠陀度假村（Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts）总经理马尼克·罗德里戈（Manick Rodrigo）在节日中表示，这位著名厨师目前就在那里工作。此处缺少关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts，因空白处作状语表示地点，故填where。 7．考查介词。句意：这么多香料原产于热带东南亚国家，使得它自海上丝绸之路时代以来就成为一个贸易吸引地。be native to为固定短语，表示“原产于”，故填to。 8．考查代词。句意：同上。此处缺少宾语，要用代词it指代前面的the tropical Southeast Asian country，故填it。 9．考查形容词。句意：香料使食物香气四溢，味道鲜美，除了那些因宗教原因避免食用辛辣食物的人外，斯里兰卡的许多人喜欢口味浓郁的食物，他补充道。此处在句子中做宾补，要用形容词，故填tasty。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。avoid与people之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词作定语，故填avoiding。 Passage 03 （23-24高二下·河南开封·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jianbing is one of China’s most popular street breakfasts. Every neighborhood has its own Jianbing vendor (摊贩) serving breakfast from dawn through mid-morning, satisfying hungry 1 (local) on their way to work. Contrary 2 what you might think, Jianbing is no grab-and-go street breakfast. 3 (preserve) the crispness (酥脆) of the pancake, Jianbing is never cooked ahead of time, so waiting in a line is part of the culture. But 4 (basic), Jianbing is a breakfast worth waiting for. Jianbing has a longer history 5 almost any other Chinese street food. Thought to have originated in Shandong Province during the Three Kingdoms Period, military strategist Zhuge Liang had his soldiers cook food on shields (盾) 6 (hold) over the fire. Of course, if Jianbing were that easy to make, it would have taken the world by storm long before now. Part of 7 challenge in copying the dish is that the recipe for a Jianbing differs by region, and even by vendor. Many consider it 8 (possible) to make your own Jianbing without months of practice and tuition from a master. Yet a few committed foreigners have made it, who 9 (inspire) to bring Jianbing to a hungry audience after their first taste in China back in the 1980s. In the UK, twins Melissa and Oliver Fu, owners of Mei Mei’s Street Cart are bringing the joys of Jianbing first to London and now Manchester despite all the difficulty they have in 10 (perfect) their technique. 【答案】 1．locals 2．to 3．To preserve 4．basically 5．than 6．held 7．the 8．impossible 9．were inspired 10．perfecting 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统美食煎饼的历史和发展。 1．考查名词的数。句意：每个社区都有自己的煎饼小贩，从黎明到上午10点左右供应早餐，满足了上班路上饥饿的当地人。设空处作宾语，local“当地人，本地人”为可数名词，根据后文their可知数量大于一应用复数形式。故填locals。 2．考查介词。句意：与你所想的相反，煎饼可不是随便拿就能带走的街头早餐。短语contrary to表示“与……相反”。故填to。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持煎饼的酥脆，煎饼从来不提前做，所以排队等候是中国文化的一部分。此处preserve在句中作目的状语应用不定式，首字母大写。故填To preserve。 4．考查副词。句意：但基本上，煎饼是一份值得等待的早餐。修饰后文句子应用副词basically，故填basically。 5．考查介词。句意：煎饼的历史比几乎任何其他中国街头小吃都要悠久。根据上文longer可知为比较级，填介词than“比”，故填than。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：据信它起源于三国时期的山东，军事战略家诸葛亮让他的士兵在火上拿着盾牌做饭。设空处为非谓语动词，此处hold与shields构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填held。 7．考查冠词。句意：复制这道菜的部分挑战在于，煎饼的做法因地区而异，甚至因供应商而异。此处challenge为特指“复制这道菜的挑战”，应用定冠词。故填the。 8．考查形容词。句意：许多人认为，没有几个月的练习和师傅的指导，自己做煎饼是不可能的。作宾补，表示“不可能的”应用形容词impossible。故填impossible。 9．考查时态语态。句意：然而，有几个坚定的外国人成功了，他们在上世纪80年代第一次品尝中国煎饼后，受到启发，将煎饼带给了饥饿的中国观众。设空处在who引导非限制性定语从句中作谓语，who指代先行词foreigners，在从句作主语，与动词inspire构成被动关系，结合时间状语in the 1980s可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were inspired。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：在英国，梅美街头小推车的老板梅利莎·傅和奥利弗·傅先把煎饼的乐趣带到伦敦，现在又把煎饼带到曼彻斯特，尽管他们在完善技术方面遇到了很多困难。作介词的宾语，应用动名词。故填perfecting。 Passage 04 （23-24高二下·陕西汉中·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mamianqun or the horse-faced skirt originated from the Song Dynasty, but it gained popularity among women during later Ming and Qing dynasties. 1 truly sets mamianqun apart is the intricate pleats (褶) that are both abundant and distinctive. The pleats are not only decorative, they allow for 2 (free) of movement. Now designers draw their inspiration from traditional Chinese cultural elements to create charming patterns on the skirts. Mamianqun isn’t just for historical reenactments (重演). It’s an item of clothing 3 (perfect) suitable for everyday wear, even in a contemporary office setting. 4 design of mamianqun combines tradition with modernity, 5 (make) it not just a relic of the past, but a functional and stylish addition to the modern wardrobe (衣橱). Now, mamianqun is making an even 6 (huge) comeback compared to most of times. People wear it either in the streets or in the office. This resurgence (复兴) is fueled by a growing sense of cultural pride, which promotes people 7 (honor) their heritage by having traditional clothing into their daily wardrobes. Caoxian, 8 (know) as the heart of mamianqun manufacturing, is a county in Shandong Province. Caoxian holds a deep cultural heritage of han fu, Chinese traditional clothing, and is home 9 numerous han fu enterprises. With the rise of online shopping, the local han fu industry of Caoxian 10 (grow) rapidly in recent years. 【答案】 1．What 2．freedom 3．perfectly 4．The 5．making 6．huger 7．to honor 8．known 9．to 10．has grown/has been growing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是马面裙的历史、设计及其复兴。 1．考查主语从句。句意：真正让马面裙与众不同的是其丰富而独特的复杂褶皱。该句是由连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用连接代词，结合句意，此处指的是事物，所以使用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 2．考查名词。句意：褶皱不仅是装饰性的，它们还允许自由运动。根据该空前的动词短语allow for可知，此处应该用名词形式作宾语，free的名词为freedom意为“自由”。故填freedom。 3．考查副词。句意：这是一件非常适合日常穿着的衣服，即使在现代办公环境中也是如此。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词，表示程度，perfect的副词为perfectly意为“十分；非常”符合句意。 故填perfectly。 4．考查冠词。句意：马面裙的设计将传统与现代相结合，使其不仅是过去的遗物，而且是现代衣柜的功能和时尚补充。结合句意可知，此处指的是“马面裙的设计”，所以表示特指，应使用定冠词the，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填The。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：马面裙的设计将传统与现代相结合，使其不仅是过去的遗物，而且是现代衣柜的功能和时尚补充。此处为非谓语动词作状语，动词make 与其前面的句子是主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式作状语。故填making。 6．考查形容词比较级。句意：现在，与大多数时候相比，马面裙正在更大规模地回归。根据该句中的副词 even 以及 compared to most of times可知，此处应该用该形容词的比较级。故填huger。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种复兴是由一种日益增长的文化自豪感推动的，这种自豪感促使人们通过将传统服装纳入日常衣橱来纪念他们的遗产。此处为非谓语动词作宾补，根据promote sb to do sth意为“促使某人做某事”可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式。故填to honor。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：曹县是山东省的一个县，被称为马面裙制造业的中心。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词Caoxian，know与名词Caoxian之间为被动关系，所以此处应该用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。 9．考查介词。句意：曹县拥有深厚的汉服文化遗产，是众多汉服企业的所在地。此处为固定短语be home to...意为“是……的所在地”符合句意，所以此处使用介词to。故填to。 10．考查谓语动词。句意：随着网络购物的兴起，曹县当地的汉服产业近年来发展迅速。此处为谓语动词，根据该句中的时间状语 in recent years可知，此处应该用现在完成时表示“该动作发生在过去，持续到现在”或者现在完成进行时表示“该动作一直在进行”，grow与主语the local han fu industry of Caoxian之间为主动关系，且主语为名词单数形式。故填has grown/has been growing。 Passage 05 （23-24高二下·河南焦作·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 On Wednesday, one of the country’s top livestream influencers Dong Yuhui, invited two writers, Yu Hua and Su Tong, and the editor-in-chief of Harvest magazine, Cheng Yongxin, to hisDouyin program, Time With Yuhui. The 1 (enthusiastic) that the writers brought to the livestream was so strong that Dong extended the one-hour program to 150 minutes. They 2 (sell) 63,000 bimonthly issues of the literary before they ended the program. The talk show made many ask the same question: How many people still read, 3 (particular)printed magazines and books? Harvest, 4 (found) in 1957, has been boosting contemporary Chinese literature since the1980s. Yu Hua, 5 is known for his novel To Live, said the magazine is like the Dow Jones index of the country’s literary scene. Harvest’s editor-in-chief Cheng Yongxin said throughout the hard times 6 (face) all printed publications, the magazine has never run any advertisements, because they think readers come to them for literature, not for ads. “ 7 brought us to this livestream is that things have changed, and we’re being challenged,” Cheng said. “But I fully believe in the power of literature, and of good writing.” Dong remembers that the attention he received as buyers rushed to his livestreaming room was partly due 8 his past readings of literature. “Literature brings us closer,” Dong added. The success led media critics 9 (see) a light in the future of serious writing. Nowadays, literary creations need to step out, and greet 10 (consumer) in the way they like and accept. Dong is their preferred choice and a deserving host. 【答案】 1．enthusiasm 2．had sold 3．particularly 4．founded 5．who 6．facing 7．What 8．to 9．to see 10．consumers 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章讲述周三，国内顶级直播网红董宇辉邀请了余华、苏童两位作家以及《收获》杂志主编程永新，参加了他的抖音节目《与宇辉共度时光》。 1．考查名词。句意：编剧余华和苏童给直播带来的热情是如此的热烈和持续，以至于董先生把一个小时的节目延长到了150分钟。冠词修饰名词，作主语，enthusiasm“热情”，不可数名词，故填enthusiasm。 2．考查时态。句意：在结束该计划之前，他们卖出了6.3万本双月刊。Sell动词先于before引导的状语从句的动作ended，表示“过去的过去”用过去完成时。故填had sold。 3．考查副词。句意：个脱口秀让很多人问了同样的问题:有多少人还在阅读，特别是印刷杂志和书籍?作状语用副词particularly，故填particularly。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：《收获》，创建于1957年，自20世纪80年代以来一直在推动中国当代文学的发展。found作定语，修饰Harvest，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式，故填founded。 5．考查定语从句。句意：以小说《活着》而闻名的余华说，这本杂志就像中国文坛的道琼斯指数。空处引导定语从句，先行词Yu Hua，从句中作主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词who，故填who。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：《收获》总编辑程永新说，在所有印刷出版物面临的整个艰难时期，这本杂志从来没有刊登过任何广告，因为他们认为读者来是为了文学，而不是广告。空格处作定语，修饰hard times，face与times之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填facing。 7．考查主语从句。句意：“让我们做这个直播的原因是，事情已经发生了变化，们正在受到挑战。”空处引导主语从句，从句中作主语，指物，用连词词what，故填What。 8．考查介词。句意：董记得，当买家涌入他的直播室时，他受到的关注在一定程度上是由于他过去读过文学作品。due to“由于，因为”固定短语，故填to。 9．考查不定式。句意：这一成功让媒体评论家看到了严肃写作的未来之光。lead sb to do sth.“让某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语，故填to see。 10．考查名词。句意：如今，文学创作需要走出去，以消费者喜欢和接受的方式迎接消费者。动词greet后用名词作宾语，consumer是可数名词，结合句意，用复数，故填consumers。 Passage 06 （23-24高二下·河北石家庄·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The “Understanding Contemporary China” Foreign Language Contests were held in Beijing from December 4 to 8． Nearly one million college students from more than 1,300 universities participated , with about 2,500 1 (enter) the national final. The contests aimed to 2 (deep) college students’ understanding of China, enhance their linguistic (语言的) abilities and intercultural communication 3 (competent), and provide a platform for them to tell China’s stories well. The champion of the English group 4 (determine) through a simulated (模拟的) “Global Youth Summit”. Three contestants discussed 5 (topic) including cultural diversity and the future development of mankind with Xinhua News Agency’s reporter Simon Keith Robinson, 6 tested their knowledge and ability to handle diverse subjects. Xu Chengcheng, from Beijing Foreign Studies University, won 7 national championship of the International Communication Contest. She demonstrated a high-level of English proficiency(熟练)and strong communication skills in the prepared speech 8 the Global Youth Summit session(会议). A special session of “Multilingual Champions Showcase” was part 9 the closing ceremony, where champions used their foreign language skills 10 (share) stories about their understanding of China and communication with the world, showcasing youthful insights. 【答案】 1．entering 2．deepen 3．competence 4．was determined ．topics 6．which 7．the 8．and 9．of 10．to share 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了“理解当代中国”外语比赛于12月4日至8日在北京举行。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：来自1300多所大学的近100万名大学生参加了比赛，其中约2500人进入了全国决赛。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词，about 25,00和enter为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填entering。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些比赛旨在加深大学生对中国的了解，提高他们的语言能力和跨文化交际能力，并为他们提供一个讲好中国故事的平台。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“打算做某事”。故填deepen。 3．考查名词。句意同上。空处需填不可数名词competence，作宾语。故填competence。 4．考查动词时态语态。句意：英语组的冠军是通过模拟“全球青年峰会”决出的。结合下文的“discussed”可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语The champion of the English group，是单数形式，且与determine为被动关系，需用被动语态，be动词用was。故填was determined。 ．考查名词的数。句意：三位选手与新华社记者西蒙·基思·罗宾逊讨论了文化多样性和人类未来发展等话题，测试了他们处理不同话题的知识和能力。空处需填名词topic，作宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填topics。 6．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 7．考查冠词。句意：来自北京外国语大学的徐成成同学获得了国际交流大赛的全国冠军。此处对“national championship of the International Communication Contest”进行特指，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 8．考查连词。句意：在准备好的演讲和全球青年峰会上，她展示了高水平的英语水平和良好的沟通能力。the prepared speech和the Global Youth Summit session为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。 9．考查介词。句意：闭幕式上还有一个特别的“多语种冠军展示”环节，冠军们用他们的外语技能分享了他们对中国的了解以及与世界交流的故事，展示了他们年轻的见解。part of为固定搭配，意为“部分的”。故填of。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”。故填to share。 Passage 07 （23-24高二上·河南洛阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A concert 1 (feature ) ancient China's Tang Dynasty poems was held in Philadelphia, on Friday night January to celebrate the upcoming Chinese Lunar New Year. Echoes of Ancient Tang Poems, the 1.5-hour-long concert attracted more than 2,000audience and brought the Tang Dynasty to life with ancient poems reinterpreted by young international 2 (composer). 3 concert, presented jointly by Suzhou International Young Artist Festival and the Philadelphia Orchestra, was also held to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the orchestra’s historic 1973 tour of China. Chinese Consul General in New York Huang Ping, 4 made remarks before the show, said, “The Philadelphia Orchestra 5 (become) one of the most popular foreign orchestras in China since the ensemble’s (乐团) trip to China. The stories between the Philadelphia Orchestra and 6 (it) Chinese partners showed that people to people exchange is a constant driving force for China-U. S. relations.” 7 (found) in 1900, the orchestra was the first U S orchestra to perform in China Since then, it has 8 (frequent) visited the Asian country, serving 9 a bridge for bilateral cultural, educational and people-to-people exchanges. “The concert was marvelous, ”said Jennifer Lin, a local documentary director told Xinhua after the show. “The poetry was 10 (impress) .The singing was beautiful , and the orchestra was fantastic ” 【答案】 1．featuring 2．composers 3．The 4．who 5．has become 6．its 7．Founded 8．frequently 9．as 10．impressive 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了1月日周五晚，一场以中国古代唐代诗歌为主题的音乐会在费城举行，以庆祝即将到来的中国农历新年。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：1月日周五晚，一场以中国古代唐代诗歌为主题的音乐会在费城举行，以庆祝即将到来的中国农历新年。空处为非谓语动词，A concert与feature为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填featuring。 2．考查名词。句意：这场长达1.5小时的音乐会吸引了2000多名观众，通过年轻的国际作曲家对古诗的重新诠释，让人们重新认识了唐朝。by后接名词作宾语，表示多个作曲家，用复数composers。故填composers。 3．考查冠词。句意：这场音乐会由苏州国际青年艺术家节和费城交响乐团联合举办，也是为了纪念该乐团1973年历史性的中国巡演50周年。前文已经提到“A concert”，本句特指，用定冠词the。置于句首，首字母大写。故填The。 4．考查定语从句。句意：中国驻纽约总领事黄平在演出前发表讲话说:“自从费城交响乐团访问中国以来，他们已经成为中国最受欢迎的外国交响乐团之一。先行词为Chinese Consul General，指人，在非限制性定语从句中做主语，关系代词为who。故填who。 5．考查时态。句意：中国驻纽约总领事黄平在演出前发表讲话说:“自从费城交响乐团访问中国以来，他们已经成为中国最受欢迎的外国交响乐团之一。根据“since the ensemble’s (乐团) trip to China”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，主语 The Philadelphia Orchestra是单数，助动词用has。故填has become。 6．考查代词。句意：费城交响乐团与中国合作伙伴之间的故事表明，人文交流是推动中美关系不断发展的动力。形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词Chinese partners。故填its。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：该乐团成立于1900年，是第一个在中国演出的美国乐团，此后经常访问亚洲国家，为两国文化，教育和民间交流架起了桥梁。空处为非谓语动词，the orchestra与found在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故置于句首，首字母大写。填Founded。 8．考查副词。句意：该乐团成立于1900年，是第一个在中国演出的美国乐团，此后经常访问亚洲国家，为两国文化，教育和民间交流架起了桥梁。副词frequently修饰动词has visited。故填frequently。 9．考查介词。句意：该乐团成立于1900年，是第一个在中国演出的美国乐团，此后经常访问亚洲国家，为两国文化，教育和民间交流架起了桥梁。空格处考查固定短语serve as“充当”。故填as。 10．考查形容词。句意：诗歌令人印象深刻，歌声优美，管弦乐队也很棒。was后接形容词impressive作表语。故填impressive。 Passage 08 （23-24高二上·河南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Japanese researchers have developed computerized chopsticks that enhance (增加)salty tastes, 1 could help those who need to reduce sodium (钠)in their diets. The chopsticks 2 (develop) by Meiji University professor Homei Miyashita and drink manufacturer Kirin Holdings Company in May. Wiring connects the chopsticks to a small computer device 3 (attach) to the eater’s hand. A weak electrical current transports sodium ions (离子)from food through the chopsticks 4 the mouth. “As 5 result, the salty taste enhances 1.5 times,” Miyashita said. The 6 (tradition) diet in Japan is salty. The average Japanese adult eats about 10 grams of salt each day. That is twice the amount suggested by the World Health Organization. High sodium intake is linked to increased cases of high blood 7 (press), strokes and other conditions. “To prevent these 8 (disease), we need to reduce the amount of salt we take in,” said Kirin researcher Ai Sato. Sato 9 (add) that if Japanese people try to reduce salt intake in the usual ways, they will need to cut many of their favorite foods from their diet. Otherwise, they would have to eat bland or flavorless food. Miyashita and Kirin are improving their chopsticks and hope to have them ready 10 (sell) as early as next year. 【答案】 1．which 2．were developed 3．attached 4．to 5．a 6．traditional ．pressure 8．diseases 9．added 10．to sell 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本研究人员已经开发出一种能够增强咸味的电子筷子，有望帮助那些需要在饮食中减少钠摄入量的人群。增强咸味的筷子在日本可能会很有市场，因为日本的传统饮食口味偏咸。 1．考查定语从句。句意：日本研究人员开发了一种电脑筷子，可以提高咸味，这可以帮助那些需要减少饮食中钠含量的人。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，并在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 2．考查时态语态。句意：这种筷子是由明治大学教授宫下和美和饮料制造商麒麟控股公司于5月开发的。根据in May可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词develop与主语The chopsticks构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用一般过去时被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were developed。 3．考查非谓语。句意：电线将筷子连接到食客手上的一个小型计算机设备上。句中已有谓语动词connects，且无连词，故空处应填非谓语动词，attach和逻辑主语device之间为被动关系，空处应填过去分词在句中作后置定语。故填attached。 4．考查介词。句意：微弱的电流将钠离子从食物中通过筷子输送到口腔。from...to...“从……到……”为固定搭配。故填to。 5．考查冠词。句意：Miyashita说：“因此，咸味增加了1.5倍。”as a result“结果”为固定短语。故填a。 6．考查形容词。句意：日本的传统饮食是咸的。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词diet。故填traditional。 7．考查名词。句意：高钠摄入与高血压、中风和其他疾病的发病率增加有关。分析句子可知，空处应填名词pressure，high blood pressure“高血压”。故填pressure。 8．考查名词。句意：“为了预防这些疾病，我们需要减少盐的摄入量，”麒麟研究人员Ai Sato说。根据these可知，空处应填名词复数作宾语。故填diseases。 9．考查时态。句意：Sato补充说，如果日本人试图以通常的方式减少盐的摄入，他们将需要从饮食中减少许多他们喜欢的食物。分析句子可知，空处为主句谓语动词，时态应与上句said Kirin researcher Ai Sato一致，用一般过去时。故填added。 10．考查非谓语。句意：Miyashita和Kirin正在改进他们的筷子，并希望最早在明年上市。ready to do“准备好做……”为固定搭配。故填to sell。 Passage 09 （24-25高二上·安徽安庆·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pupils at Milton Hall School in Essex will soon be treated to lessons inside an actual private jet. The school 1 (buy) the disused plane earlier this month and will use it to inspire creative learning. The Cessna Citation jet, 2 was brought to the school’s playing field by crane (起重机) was said to be “a lot 3 (cheap) than building a classroom”. Once it’s washed and repaired, it’s expected 4 (hold) up to 15 children. “The children just want to get inside it, 5 we need to make it safe first.” Jon Baker, Milton Hall’s media manager said. “It’ll 6 (comfortable) fit half a class when we’re finished.” The school’s business manager said they would spend about four 7 (month) transforming the space, with seating, lighting, solar panels and so on, 8 (change) it into a completely new exciting learning space. They hoped to give their children 9 unusual way to further attract them and expand on 10 (they) learning. Once it’s ready, the school hopes to use it as an IT center and for media studies. 【答案】 1．bought 2．which 3．cheaper 4．to hold 5．but 6．comfortably 7．months ．changing 9．an 10．their 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国埃塞克斯郡米尔顿霍尔学校购买了一架废弃的飞机，并将用它来激发创造性学习。 1．考查时态。句意：这所学校本月早些时候购买了这架废弃的飞机，并将用它来激发创造性学习。根据后文earlier this month可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填bought。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这架塞斯纳奖状喷气式飞机是用起重机运到学校操场的，据说“比建一间教室便宜得多”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Cessna Citation jet，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 3．考查比较级。句意：这架塞斯纳奖状喷气式飞机是用起重机运到学校操场的，据说“比建一间教室便宜得多”。根据后文than可知，空处应用比较级形式。故填cheaper。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦被清洗和修复，它预计最多可容纳15名儿童。短语be expected to do sth.表示“预计做某事”。故填to hold。 5．考查连词。句意：“孩子们只是想进去，但我们首先要确保安全。”米尔顿·霍尔的媒体经理乔恩·贝克说。结合前后文语境可知，此处为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。 6．考查副词。句意：“等我们结束，它够半个班的人用没问题。”空处修饰动词fit，用副词comfortably，作状语。故填comfortably。 7．考查名词的数。句意：学校的业务经理表示，他们将花大约四个月的时间改造这个空间，安装座位、照明、太阳能电池板等，把它变成一个全新的、令人兴奋的学习空间。根据上文four可知，名词应用复数形式。故填months。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：学校的业务经理表示，他们将花大约四个月的时间改造这个空间，安装座位、照明、太阳能电池板等，把它变成一个全新的、令人兴奋的学习空间。空处作非谓语动词，change与逻辑主语they构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。故填changing。 9．考查冠词。句意：他们希望给他们的孩子一个不寻常的方式来进一步吸引他们，扩大他们的学习。way为泛指，且unusual是发音以元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。 10．考查代词。句意：他们希望给他们的孩子一个不寻常的方式来进一步吸引他们，扩大他们的学习。修饰名词learning应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 Passage 10 （24-25高二上·安徽·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese hit video game Black Myth: Wukong, 1 action role-playing game developed by Game Science, 2 (come) top of the “most-played games” list on Steam, a leading gaming platform, merely an hour after its launch on Tuesday morning. 3 (adapt) from the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game has succeeded in “telling China’s story with world-class quality”. In it, players take the role of the Destined One, a monkey following in the footsteps of the Monkey King on an 4 (adventure) journey to collect the six Relics 5 once belonged to Sun Wukong and challenge the Celestial Court (天庭). Drawing on a rich heritage of nearly 1,000 years of Chinese culture, the game’s storyline and characters have proven difficult 6 (understand) for many players, especially those from Western countries. For instance, a player shared on social media that their lack of familiarity with Journey to the West led to them consistently missing hidden treasures, finally resulting 7 repeated failures during a boss fight in Chapter 2. To bridge these cultural divides, numerous Western fans have devoted 8 (enthusiastic) great time and effort. One player wrote a 200-page outline detailing Sun Wukong’s abilities across all 100 chapters of Journey to the West, and another fan immersed 9 (he) in the epic by checking out TV shows, 10 (essay) and online encyclopedias. Through this process, Western players have not only refined their gaming skills but also developed a deeper appreciation for Sun Wukong and this classic book. 【答案】 1．an 2．came 3．Adapted 4．adventurous 5．that/which 6．to understand 7．in 8．enthusiastically 9．himself 10．essays 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了《黑神话：悟空》这款电子游戏深受玩家喜爱，并且激发了西方粉丝学习中国文化的热情。 1．考查冠词。句意：中国热门电子游戏《黑神话：悟空》，这是由Game Science开发的一款动作角色扮演游戏，在周二上午发布仅一小时后，就荣登领先游戏平台Steam“最受欢迎游戏”榜首。此处表示《黑神话：悟空》是Game Science开发的一款动作角色扮演游戏，表泛指，且action的发音以元音音素开头，所以应加不定冠词an。故填an。 2．考查动词的时态。句意参考上题。空格处为句子谓语。根据“merely an hour after its launch on Tuesday morning”可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填came。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：该游戏改编自中国经典小说《西游记》，成功地“以世界级的品质讲述了中国的故事”。句子已有谓语has succeeded且逗号前后无连词，故空处为非谓语动词。adapt意为“改编”，逻辑主语the game与动词adapt之间是被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词，作状语。故填Adapted。 4．考查形容词。句意：在游戏中，玩家扮演“天命人”的角色，这是一只追随美猴王脚步的猴子，踏上了一段冒险之旅，收集曾经属于孙悟空的六件遗物，挑战天庭。此处应用形容词修饰journey。adventurous意为“勇于冒险的，惊险的”。故填adventurous。 5．考查定语从句。句意参考上题。空处引导定语从句，指代先行词the six Relics，且在从句中作主语，所以应用that/which引导从句。故填that/which。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意为：这款游戏汲取了近1000年中国文化的丰富遗产，其故事情节和人物角色对于许多玩家来说理解起来比较困难，尤其是来自西方国家的玩家。句中proven为系动词，其后形容词difficult作表语，其后跟不定式，构成常见用法系动词+形容词+to do的结构。故填to understand。 7．考查介词。句意：例如，一位玩家在社交媒体上分享说，他们对《西游记》不熟悉，导致他们一直错过隐藏的宝藏，最终导致第2章中的一场终极决斗一再失败。result in为固定搭配，意为“导致”。故填in。 8．考查副词。句意：为了弥合这些文化鸿沟，众多西方粉丝热情地投入了大量的时间和精力。此处应用副词修饰have devoted。enthusiastically意为“热情地”。故填enthusiastically。 9．考查代词。句意：一位玩家写了一份200页的大纲，详细介绍了孙悟空在《西游记》所有100章中的能力，另一位粉丝通过观看电视节目、散文和在线百科全书沉浸在这一史诗中。immerse oneself in sth.为固定用法，意为“沉浸在，深陷于”。故填himself。 10．考查名词的单复数。句意参考上题。此处泛指与《西游记》有关的文章，essay 表示“文章，短文”时是可数名词，且其前没有限定词，所以此处应用复数形式essays。故填essays。 Passage 11 （24-25高二上·安徽·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 In recent years, China’s new-style milk tea has blended traditional tea culture with modern creativity. 1 has captured the attention of young consumers are its unique flavors and trendy designs. Milk tea, a satisfaction to people’s 2 (stomach), is rarely 3 (absence) from social media trends. Collaborative drinks, such as the Luckin Coffee × Black Myth: Wukong series, 4 (win) widespread admiration for their bold flavors and cultural references since its introduction into the market. Legend has it that the idea for such collaborations arose from a tea shop’s attempt to capture the attention of 5 target audience. Early efforts, which relied on 6 (simple) and more traditional designs, proved 7 vain, failing to stand out in a competitive market, until the innovative themed drinks emerged and reshaped the game. The process is meticulous (一丝不苟的), involving choosing high-quality tea bases 8 blending signature flavors with iconic elements, such as monkey-shaped foam art. With its growing appeal, Chinese milk tea culture is bound 9 (enjoy) international fame. A trip 10 (schedule) to try these collaborations will not be disappointing! 【答案】 1．What 2．stomachs 3．absent 4．have won 5．the 6．simpler/more simple 7．in 8．and 9．to enjoy 10．scheduled 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了近年来中国新式奶茶将传统茶文化与现代创意相结合，受到年轻消费者喜爱的原因及发展趋势。 1．考查主语从句。句意：吸引年轻消费者的是其独特的口味和时尚的设计。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，用 what引导从句，意为“……的东西”。首字母大写。故填What。 2．考查名词单复数。句意：奶茶，一种让人胃口大开的饮品，在社交媒体上也经常出现。根据“people’s”表明此处是“胃”的复数形式，表示多数人的胃。故填stomachs。 3．考查形容词。句意：奶茶，一种让人胃口大开的饮品，在社交媒体上也经常出现。此处需要形容词absent作表语，表示“缺席的”。故填absent。 4．考查动词的时态。句意：自推出以来，瑞幸咖啡×黑神话：悟空系列等合作饮品因其大胆的口味和对文化的借鉴赢得了广泛的赞赏。根据时间状语“since its introduction into the market”可知，主句需要用现在完成时，主语为Collaborative drinks，助动词用have。故填have won。 5．考查冠词。句意：据说，这种合作的想法源于一家茶馆试图吸引目标受众的注意力。此处“target audience”是特指该茶店的目标客户群体，需用定冠词the。故填the。 6．考查形容词比较级。句意：早期的努力，依赖于更简单和更传统的设计，被证明是徒劳的，未能在竞争激烈的市场中脱颖而出，直到创新的主题饮料出现并重塑了游戏。此处比较早期尝试与后期主题设计的创新性，需用 simple 的比较级 simpler或 more simple。故填simpler/more simple。 7．考查介词。句意：早期的努力，依赖于更简单和更传统的设计，被证明是徒劳的，未能在竞争激烈的市场中脱颖而出，直到创新的主题饮料出现并重塑了游戏。固定搭配 in vain表示“徒劳、无效”。故填 in。 8．考查连词。句意：制作过程一丝不苟，包括选择高品质的茶基，将标志性的口味与猴子形状的泡沫艺术等标志性元素混合在一起。此处前后文为并列关系，需要用连词and连接。故填 and。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：随着其日益增长的吸引力，中国奶茶文化必将享有国际声誉。固定搭配 be bound to do something 表示“一定能”。故填 to enjoy。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：一次计划好的行程去尝试这些联名饮品不会让你失望！此处非谓语作后置定语，修饰“trip”，schedule和trip是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填 scheduled。 Passage 12 （23-24高二下·安徽马鞍山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Students aged 6-12 in California will be required 1 (learn) cursive handwriting. The return to handwriting comes after many years in which typing on computer keyboards 2 (teach) and handwriting was 3 (large) ignored. Cursive is 4 kind of handwriting in which all the letters in a word are connected to each other. 5 (start) this year, Assembly Bill 446 requires handwriting in grades one through six and cursive lessons in grades three and above. Experts say learning cursive is 6 (benefit) to brain development, reading skills, and hand movement. Some educators also find value in teaching children to read historical 7 (document) and family letters from past generations. Pamela Keller, 8 teaches grades four to six at Orangethorpe Elementary School in Fullerton, said she was already teaching cursive before the law took effect on January 1. Some children complained about the difficulty. 9 , when Keller told them cursive could make them smarter and help them move 10 the next level, they got excited. They wanted to learn. 【答案】 1．to learn 2．was taught 3．largely 4．a 5．Starting 6．beneficial 7．documents 8．who 9．However 10．to 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了美国加州6-12岁的学生将被要求学习草书书写。该法案于1月1日就生效了。 1．考查不定式。句意：加州6-12岁的学生将被要求学习草书书写。be required to do sth“被要求做某事”。故填to learn。 2．考查时态语态。句意：多年来，人们一直在教授用电脑键盘打字，而手写在很大程度上被忽视。陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时，主语typing与谓语teach为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was taught。 3．考查副词。句意：多年来，人们一直在教授用电脑键盘打字，而手写在很大程度上被忽视。副词largely作状语修饰动词。故填largely。 4．考查冠词。句意：草书是一种将一个单词中的所有字母连在一起的书写形式。a kind of一种，为固定短语。故填a。 5．考查非谓语。句意：从今年开始，国会第446号法案要求1 ~ 6年级的学生书写，3年级以上的学生学习草书。空处为非谓语动词，Assembly Bill 446与start为主动关系，用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Starting。 6．考查形容词。句意：专家表示，学习草书对大脑发育、阅读技能和手部运动都有好处。形容词beneficial作表语。故填beneficial。 7．考查名词。句意：一些教育工作者还发现，教孩子阅读历史文献和祖传家书很有价值。document为可数名词，无不定冠词修饰，用复数形式表示泛指。 故填documents。 8．考查定语从句。句意：在富勒顿小学教四到六年级的帕梅拉·凯勒说，在该法律于1月1日生效之前，她就已经在教草书了。先行词为Pamela Keller，指人，作非限制性定语从句的主语，关系代词为who。故填who。 9．考查副词。句意：然而，当凯勒告诉他们草书可以让他们更聪明，帮助他们更上一层楼时，他们很兴奋。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系，副词为however，首字母大写。故填However。 10．考查介词。句意：然而，当凯勒告诉他们草书可以让他们更聪明，帮助他们更上一层楼时，他们很兴奋。move to“搬到……”，为固定短语。故填to。 Passage 13 （23-24高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Just after finishing his work, Mr. Philips was going to the grocery shop to buy some bananas, but he saw a poor old lady 1 (sell)fresh bananas on the street, so it seemed 2 (convenient)to buy some from her. The old lady charged $7 3 one kilo of bananas. “But the shop 4 I usually buy from gives them for $5 per kilo!”, Mr. Philips said. “I’m sorry sir, I cannot afford to match that price”, the old lady responded. Mr. Philips said nothing and went to the grocery shop. 5 , when he wanted to pay for bananas he picked, the cashier told him that the price per kilo was $10. He tried to bargain again, but the manager said coldly, “We do not bargain.” Mr. Philips felt very 6 (annoy)with his attitude, and decided to put the bananas back and go back to the old lady. She recognized him 7 (instant)and told him, “Sir, I can’t match that price.” “Don’t worry, I will pay you $10 per kilo!” said Mr. Philips. “Now, give me two 8 (kilo)please!” The old lady happily packed the bananas and said, “I can’t accept $10 per kilo but I will accept $7 per kilo. I appreciate your 9 (kind).” Mr. Philips left the old lady speechless with gratitude, and also recommended many friends to buy bananas from the old lady, which they did. From that day on, she made 10 much better living than ever before. 【答案】 1．selling 2．more convenient 3．for 4．that/which 5．However 6．annoyed 7．instantly 8．kilos 9．kindness 10．a 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Philips先生在街上向一位贫穷的老妇人买香蕉的故事。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：刚做完他的工作，菲利普斯先生正要去杂货店买一些香蕉，但他看到一个可怜的老太太在街上卖新鲜香蕉，所以似乎从她那里买一些更方便。分析句子可知，空处作saw的宾语补足语，lady与sell构成主动关系，表示动作正在进行时，用现在分词。故填selling。 2．考查形容词。句意同上。根据Mr. Philips was going to the grocery shop to buy some bananas可知，菲利普斯先生本打算去店里买水果，但是看到街上有人卖，所以从街上买似乎更方便，空处缺少形容词的比较级，convenient对应的比较级为more convenient。故填more convenient。 3．考查介词。句意：老妇人每公斤香蕉要价7美元。charge+金钱+for sth.为固定短语，意思为：开价多少钱卖……。故填for。 4．考查定语从句。句意：“但是我经常去的商店每公斤卖5美元！”菲利普斯先生说。分析句子可知，the shop为先行词，其后为限制性定语从句，the shop作从句中from的宾语，表示物，用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 5．考查副词。句意：当他想为自己挑选的香蕉付款时，收银员告诉他每公斤的价格是10美元。根据前文菲利普斯觉得路边7美元一公斤的香蕉卖贵了，想要去5美元一公斤的店里买，结合the price per kilo was $10可知，空处前后为转折关系，表示“然而”，用逗号隔开，用however。放在句首，首字母大写。故填However。 6．考查形容词。句意：菲利普先生对他的态度感到非常恼火，决定把香蕉放回去，回到老太太身边。空处放在felt后面作表语，表示人的感受，用annoyed，意思为：恼火的。故填annoyed。 7．考查副词。句意：她立刻认出了他，对他说:“先生，这个价钱我不能卖。”空处修饰动词recognize，用副词作状语。故填instantly。 8．考查名词。句意：现在，请给我两公斤！two后搭配可数名词复数。故填kilos。 9．考查名词。句意：我很感激你的好意。空处作appreciate的宾语，表示“善意”用kindness，不可数名词。故填kindness。 10．考查冠词。句意：从那天起，她的生活比以前好多了。make a living意思为：谋生，为固定短语，空处放在much前面，much以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a。故填a。 Passage 14 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever sunk a spoon and a pair of chopsticks into a deep bowl of hot pot? If so, then you know that this widely-appreciated dish can be 1 (absolute) delicious and fun to eat. Typically 2 (associated) with Chinese food, hot pot is commonly seasoned with all kinds of traditional Chinese ingredients, ranging from raw shellfish 3 sliced mushrooms. Today hot pot is enjoyed all across Asia, which begs the question: Where, exactly, did hot pot originate? Some historians trace its beginnings back to boatmen living along the Yangtze and Jialing rivers around Chongqing, China, 4 invented an inexpensive and efficient way to eat. Others believe early hot pots 5 (link) to Mongol soldiers. As they traveled and camped across Asia and beyond, they’d sit around the fires, 6 (enjoy) hot soup in one of their overturned helmets (头盔). Nowadays there are three major styles of hot pot. Sichuan hot pot 7 (feature) strong and spicy flavors. Cantonese hot pot is a much 8 (mild) version with less spicy seasoning. The third one is Mongolian hot pot, which is similar to the original version of hot pot. Despite the variations of this dish, 9 makes hot pot become a favorite dish all over the world is its inclusiveness-everyone is free to add their favorite 10 (item) right into the pot, cooking and eating as they go. 【答案】 1．absolutely 2．associated 3．to 4．who 5．were linked 6．enjoying 7．features 8．milder 9．what 10．items 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了火锅的历史起源、主要风格以及其受欢迎的原因。 1．考查副词。句意：如果你曾经把勺子和筷子伸进一个深火锅里，你就会知道这道广受好评的菜绝对美味，吃起来也很有趣。修饰后文形容词delicious应用副词absolutely，作状语。故填absolutely。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：火锅通常与中国食物联系在一起，通常用各种中国传统食材调味，从生海鲜到蘑菇片不等。句中is seasoned为谓语动词，associate在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语hot pot构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填associated。 3．考查介词。句意：火锅通常与中国食物联系在一起，通常用各种中国传统食材调味，从生海鲜到蘑菇片不等。结合句意表示“范围从……到……”可知短语为range from…to…。故填to。 4．考查定语从句。句意：一些历史学家追溯其起源到中国重庆附近长江和嘉陵江沿岸的船夫，他们发明了一种既便宜又高效的吃法。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词boatmen，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who引导。故填who。 5．考查动词时态语态。句意：另一些人认为早期的火锅与蒙古士兵有关。be linked to意为“与……有关”，是固定搭配。根据句意以及“early”可知宾语从句陈述过去的事情，要用一般过去时被动语态，主语hot pots是复数，be动词用were，故填were linked。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们穿越亚洲和其他地方旅行和露营时，他们会坐在火堆旁，在他们翻过来的头盔中享用热汤。本句谓语动词是would sit，enjoy是非谓语动词，与主语they是主动关系，要用现在分词形式作状语。故填enjoying。 7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：四川火锅以麻辣著称。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为Sichuan hot pot，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填features。 8．考查形容词比较级。句意：广东火锅是一个比较温和的版本，调料不那么辣。结合后文“with less spicy seasoning”可知此处应用比较级milder，表示“更温和的”。故填milder。 9．考查主语从句。句意：尽管这道菜有多种变化，但使火锅成为世界各地人们最喜欢的菜肴的是它的包容性——每个人都可以把自己最喜欢的食材直接放进锅里，边煮边吃。空格处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故用连接代词what引导。故填what。 10．考查名词。句意：尽管这道菜有多种变化，但使火锅成为世界各地人们最喜欢的菜肴的是它的包容性——每个人都可以把自己最喜欢的食材直接放进锅里，边煮边吃。item为可数名词，设空处使用复数形式作宾语。故填items。 Passage 15 （24-25高二上·广东潮州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s lunar spacesuit made its first public appearance on September 28, 2024 in Chongqing. The suit features a 1 (power) appearance and stands for pioneering spirit of the Chinese people, according to media reports. The unveiling (揭幕) marks a significant milestone (里程碑) in the country’s lunar exploration efforts and 2 (reflect) the advancement of China’s spacesuit technology. The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) also launched 3 naming campaign for the suit in which all people were welcomed to join during the opening ceremony of the 4 (three) space suit technology forum in Southwest China’s Chongqing Municipality. The red decorative bands on the arms and legs emphasize its smooth and elegant design, with the arm bands 5 (design) to look like flowing “Feitian” ribbons (带) — meaning flying gods in traditional Chinese culture — symbolizing grace and 6 (elegant). The leg bands 7 (shape) like the exhaust flames of a rocket, conveying the dynamic energy of space exploration. Meanwhile, the suit draws inspiration from traditional Chinese military uniforms, 8 reflects the courage and pioneering spirit of the Chinese people. Since 2020, the research and development of the lunar spacesuit has focused 9 protective functions in complex environments and enhancing astronaut mobility. The design lays stress on every small component, with high safety standards. The suit’s development has achieved numerous technical 10 (breakthrough), establishing a solid foundation for China’s first manned lunar mission. 【答案】 1．powerful 2．reflects 3．a 4．third 5．designed 6．elegance 7．are shaped 8．which 9．on/upon 10．breakthroughs 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了中国的登月服外观在重庆首次公开亮相。 1．考查形容词。句意：据媒体报道，这套服装具有强大的外观，代表了中国人的开拓精神。形容词powerful作定语修饰名词appearance，符合句意。故填powerful。 2．考查动词。句意：此次亮相标志着我国探月工作的一个重要里程碑，反映了中国航天服技术的进步。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语为The unveiling (揭幕)，设空处与marks并列作谓语，用第三人称单数形式reflects。故填reflects。 3．考查冠词。句意：在中国西南部重庆市举行的“第三届航天服技术论坛”开幕式上，中国载人航天局（CMSA）还发起了一场为宇航服征名活动，欢迎所有人参加。泛指“一场为宇航服征名活动”，用不定冠词修饰，且naming起始音为辅音音素。故填a。 4．考查序数词。句意：在中国西南部重庆市举行的“第三届航天服技术论坛”开幕式上，中国载人航天局（CMSA）还发起了一场为宇航服征名活动，欢迎所有人参加。前有定冠词the，此处表示“第三”，用序数词third。故填third。 5．考查非谓语。句意：手臂和腿上的红色装饰带强调了它的光滑和优雅的设计，手臂上的饰带看起来像流动的“飞天”飘带——在中国传统文化中意味着飞行的神——象征着优雅和优雅。此处为with的复合结构。the arm bands与design为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填designed。 6．考查名词。句意：手臂和腿上的红色装饰带强调了它的光滑和优雅的设计，手臂上的饰带看起来像流动的“飞天”飘带——在中国传统文化中意味着飞行的神——象征着优雅和优雅。与名词 grace并列，填名词elegance作symbolizing宾语。故填elegance。 7．考查时态语态。句意：腿部装饰带形状像火箭升空尾焰，传递着太空探索的动态能量。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语The leg bands与谓语shape为被动关系。故填are shaped。 8．考查定语从句。句意：同时，这套服装借鉴了传统铠甲的形态，体现了中国人民的勇气和开拓精神。引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子作非限制性定语从句的主语，关系代词为which。故填which。 9．考查介词。句意：2020年以来，月球宇航服的研发重点是复杂环境下的防护功能和增强宇航员的机动性。固定搭配focus on/upon“专注于，聚焦”符合句意。故填on/upon。 10．考查名词复数。句意：宇航服的发展取得了许多技术突破，为中国首次载人登月任务奠定了坚实的基础。breakthrough为可数名词，且有numerous修饰，用复数形式作宾语。故填breakthroughs。 Passage 16 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下列短文，根据上下文在空白处填写适当的词语，或使用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。 Within the wildly varied types of Peruvian food, there’s one deserving some special attention-Peruvian Chinese food, locally 1 (call) chifa. The roots of the chifa tradition lie in the first big wave, of Chinese migration to Peru, which 2 (occur) in the mid-nineteenth century. Since then, more Chinese have come to Peru. And this, in turn, creates interesting 3 (opportunity) for Chinese citizens considering opening a business in Peru. The Chinese influence in Peru has given rise to 4 kind of fusion (融合) cuisine. Also, it’s responsible for contributing some absolutely essential ingredients 5 Peruvian cooking. Just as traditional Chinese ingredients took root in wider Peruvian cuisine, certain words of Chinese origin became commonly-used in Peru. Of course, there’s the word chifa, 6 describes Chinese-Peruvian fusion food as well as the restaurants that sell it. Chifa is not just a fusion of two cuisines 7 a reflection of the unique culinary traditions of the regions where it is prepared. Recipes can easily 8 (adjust) to include ingredients only available or popular in a specific region. Another fun fact: the 9 (huge) popular late-night TV programme “Wantan Night” was actually named after the wontons used in chifa, 10 (demonstrate) just how deeply rooted Chinese cuisine is in Peru. 【答案】 1．called 2．occurred 3．opportunities 4．a 5．to 6．which 7．but 8．be adjusted 9．hugely 10．demonstrating 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了秘鲁中餐chifa，其起源于19世纪中期中国移民潮，是融合菜系，体现了独特烹饪传统，还影响了当地语言和节目。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在种类繁多的秘鲁食物中，有一种值得特别关注——秘鲁中餐，当地人称之为chifa。句中已有谓语is，空处为非谓语动词，Peruvian Chinese food和call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此空处需用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填called。 2．考查动词时态。句意：chifa传统的根源在于19世纪中叶中国移民到秘鲁的第一次大浪潮。空处为which引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语in the mid-nineteenth century可知，句子时态为一般过去时，空处用过去式occurred。故填occurred。 3．考查名词。句意：这反过来又为考虑在秘鲁开展业务的中国公民创造了有趣的机会。opportunity是可数名词，空前无限定词，所以使用名词复数形式表示泛指意义。故填opportunities。 4．考查冠词。句意：中国在秘鲁的影响力催生了一种融合美食。a kind of为固定短语，意为“一种”。故填a。 5．考查介词。句意：此外，它还负责为秘鲁烹饪提供一些绝对必要的食材。contribute...to...是固定短语，意为“把……捐献给……”，因此空格处用介词to。故填to。 6．考查定语从句。句意：当然，还有“chifa”这个词，用来形容中国和秘鲁的融合食物，以及卖这种食物的餐馆。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词chifa是物，从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 7．考查连词。句意：Chifa不仅融合了两种美食，还是其制作地区独特烹饪传统的一种体现。not only...but (also)...为固定短语，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 8．考查被动语态。句意：食谱可以很容易地调整，包括只在特定地区可用或受欢迎的成分。空处且为句子的谓语动词部分，adjust与主语Recipes之间为被动关系，空前有情态动词can，后接动词原形，因此空处需填be adjusted。故填be adjusted。 9．考查副词。句意：另一个有趣的事实是：非常受欢迎的深夜电视节目“Wantan Night”实际上是以chifa中使用的馄饨命名的，这表明中国菜在秘鲁有多么根深蒂固。空处修饰形容词popular，需用副词形式。故填hugely。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一个有趣的事实是：非常受欢迎的深夜电视节目“Wantan Night”实际上是以chifa中使用的馄饨命名的，这表明中国菜在秘鲁有多么根深蒂固。句中已有谓语was actually named，空处为非谓语动词，programme “Wantan Night”和demonstrate之间是主动关系，因此空处需用现在分词形式作状语。故填demonstrating。 Passage 17 （24-25高二上·广东清远·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Aircraft designer Gu Songfen and nuclear expert Wang Dazhong 1 (award) the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, China’s top science honour, on 3rd November, 2021. They received the prize for their outstanding contributions to 2 (science) and technological innovation. Born in 1930 Gu is a well-known aircraft designer, and an aviation strategy scientist. From 1961 to 1986, he served 3 the chief designer and director of the Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute, 4 is part of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China. He, together with his assistants, established 5 unique system, which was far more advanced than that in America. What’s more, he carried out two aviation strategic 6 (research), making a significant contribution to China’s aviation science and technology. Born in 1935, Wang is a 7 (distinguish) scholar and strategic scientist in international nuclear energy. He 8 (commit) himself to developing advanced nuclear energy systems with inherent safety features since he worked. 9 impresses the nation is that he has helped China make great progress in the development of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology, 10 (lay) an important foundation for the country to step into the forefront globally in the field of advanced nuclear energy. 【答案】 1．were awarded 2．scientific 3．as 4．which 5．a 6．researches 7．distinguished 8．has committed 9．What 10．laying 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述飞机设计师顾诵芬和核能专家王大中获国家最高科学技术奖，表彰他们在航空和核能领域的杰出贡献的故事。 1．考查时态语态。句意：2021年11月3日，飞机设计师顾诵芬和核能专家王大中被授予中国最高科学荣誉——国家最高科学技术奖。此处需要使用动词作谓语，主语Gu Songfen和Wang Dazhong是两个人，与谓语动词award是被动关系，且本句描述过去发生的事实，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were awarded。 2．考查形容词。句意：他们因在科技创新方面的杰出贡献而获奖。此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词innovation，science的形容词形式是“scientific”。故填scientific。 3．考查介词。句意：从1961年到1986年，他担任沈阳飞机设计研究所（隶属于中国航空工业集团公司）的总设计师和主任。此处需要使用介词as与served搭配构成短语，即“serve as”意为“作为……身份”。故填as。 4．考查定语从句。句意：从1961年到1986年，他担任沈阳飞机设计研究所（隶属于中国航空工业集团公司）的总设计师和主任。此处需要使用关系词，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 5．考查冠词。句意：他和他的助手们建立了一套独特的制度，比美国先进得多。system是可数名词，此处表泛指，unique辅音音素开头，此处需要使用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查名词。句意：而且，他开展了两项航空战略研究，为中国航空科技事业做出了重大贡献。此处需要使用名词被形容词strategic修饰，research可数名词，此处表达复数意义。故填researches。 7．考查形容词。句意：王大中出生于1935年，是国际核能领域的杰出学者和战略科学家。此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词scholar，distinguish的形容词形式为“distinguished”意为“杰出的”。故填distinguished。 8．考查时态。句意：自工作以来，他一直致力于开发具有固有安全性的先进核能系统。此处需要使用动词作谓语，主语为He，根据时间状语从句since he worked可知，此处本句时态为现在完成时，表动作的持续。故填has committed。 9．考查主语从句。句意：令国人印象深刻的是，他帮助中国在高温气冷堆技术发展方面取得了巨大进步，为中国在先进核能领域跻身世界前列奠定了重要基础。此处需要使用连接词引导主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语指物，用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：令国人印象深刻的是，他帮助中国在高温气冷堆技术发展方面取得了巨大进步，为中国在先进核能领域跻身世界前列奠定了重要基础。此处需要使用非谓语动词作状语，该空后内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，lay用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填laying。 Passage 18 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space exploration has always been an extraordinary pursuit for countries around the world, and China is no exception. China’s space ambitions can be traced back to 1957 1 the Soviet Union launched the world’s first satellite, Sputnik. Mao Zedong decided that China should also launch 2 (it) own satellite with the assistance of Soviet technology and top scientists such as Qian Xuesen. Thus, the country started the first space program. China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1 3 (launch) in 1970, using the long march rocket modified from the Dongfang ballistic missile. In 1992, China began project 921, 4 manned space program. Using Russian aerospace technology 5 (purchase) during this period, the country space program made a significant 6 (improve). A breakthrough came in 2003. The Shenzhou-5 spacecraft carried China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. China became the third country 7 (have) independent human space flight capabilities. One major reason for China’s success in space is the huge government investment. Beijing’s spending 8 research and development for spacecraft manufacturing skyrocketed from US$22.6 million in year 2000 to US$433.4 million in 2014. Still, the Chinese space program has quite a lot of catching up to do. However, there is one thing for sure: China is a 9 (lead) force to be reckoned with in the current space race. It has 10 (clear) defined plans for manned lunar mission, space probes for planets like Jupiter, and has built simulation grounds. 【答案】1．when 2．its 3．was launched 4．a 5．purchased 6．improvement 7．to have 8．on 9．leading 10．clearly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国航天事业的发展历程和重要成就，展示了其在国际航天领域的地位与未来规划。 1．考查定语从句。句意：中国的航天雄心可以追溯到1957年，当时苏联发射了世界上第一颗卫星——斯普特尼克。此处为限定性定语从句，先行词是1957，指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。 2．考查代词。句意：毛泽东决定中国也应该在苏联技术和顶尖科学家如钱学森的帮助下发射自己的卫星。空后为名词，所以此处为表示“它的”的形容词性物主代词。故填its。 3．考查动词语态。句意：中国的第一颗卫星东方红一号于1970年发射，使用的是由东风弹道导弹改装的长征火箭。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及时间状语in 1970可知，此处使用一般过去时，launch意为“发射”与主语China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was launched。 4．考查冠词。句意：1992年，中国开始了项目921，这是一个载人航天计划。program意为“项目，计划”为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处为泛指“一个载人航天计划”，且manned以辅音音素开头，所以此处使用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：利用这一时期购买的俄罗斯航天技术，国家航天计划取得了显著的进步。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰technology，purchase意为“购买”与所修饰词之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填purchased。 6．考查名词。句意：同上。此处为名词作宾语，improve的名词为improvement意为“改进，改善”符合句意，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用单数形式。故填improvement。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：神舟五号飞船将中国首位宇航员杨利伟送入太空，使中国成为第三个拥有独立载人航天能力的国家。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词country，当被修饰语前有序数词时，应使用动词不定式形式作定语。故填to have。 8．考查介词。句意：北京在航天器制造研发上的支出从2000年的2260万美元飙升至2014年的4.334亿美元。此处为固定搭配spend… on...，表示在某方面的花费。故填on。 9．考查形容词。句意：然而，有一件事是确定的：中国是当前太空竞赛中一股不可忽视的领导力量。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词force，lead的形容词为leading意为“领先的，最前的”符合句意。故填leading。 10．考查副词。句意：它清晰地定义了载人登月任务、木星等行星的空间探测计划，并建立了模拟基地。此处为副词形式修饰动词defined，clear的副词为clearly意为“清晰地”符合句意。故填clearly。 Passage 19 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Greater Cold, or dahan, is a solar term that expresses the degree of cold. It 1 (symbolise) the official arrival of spring. In ancient times, it meant that the break in farming in winter was coming to an end. During Greater Cold, the cold waves 2 (frequent) move southward, making it the 3 (cold) season of the year. Greater Cold 4 (divide) into three terms. According to phenomena 5 (record) by folk observations, in the first five days, hens start to hatch chickens; during the middle term, eagles are in a state of hunting; and the last five days sees ice in a lake freeze 6 the edge to the center, where it is strongest and thickest. Ye Chunsheng, a professor of the Chinese Department at Sun Yatsen University, explains the 7 (wise) of ancient people, saying the severe cold at this time of the year is a good sign, 8 means that pests (害虫) and disease will not be able to survive the winter, and there will be a good harvest (收获) next year. 9 the Greater Cold is a time of coldness, expert Liu Xiaochang’s memory of his childhood brings a sense of warmth. “I was born in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. No matter how cold the weather is, it can’t stop people from getting together, 10 (celebrate) their reunion.” 【答案】 1．symbolises 2．frequently 3．coldest 4．is divided 5．recorded 6．from 7．wisdom 8．which 9．Although 10．celebrating 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国二十四节气中的“大寒”（Greater Cold）这一节气。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它象征着春天的正式到来。句子描述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语it是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填symbolises。 2．考查副词。句意：在大寒期间，寒潮经常向南移动，使其成为一年中最冷的季节。空格处用副词frequently修饰动词move，frequently意为“经常”，故填frequently。 3．考查最高级。句意：在大寒期间，寒潮经常向南移动，使其成为一年中最冷的季节。空前有the，空格处用最高级coldest，故填coldest。 4．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：大寒分为三个阶段。表示“大寒被分为三个阶段”，句子用被动语态，描述客观事实，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语Greater Cold是不可数名词，因此空格处用is divided。故填is divided。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据民间观察记录的现象，在最初的五天里，母鸡开始孵小鸡；在中期，鹰处于狩猎状态；在过去的五天里，湖中的冰从边缘到中心都结冰了，那里是最坚固、最厚的地方。句中谓语是start，空格处用非谓语动词，phenomena和record之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填recorded。 6．考查介词。句意：根据民间观察记录的现象，在最初的五天里，母鸡开始孵小鸡；在中期，鹰处于狩猎状态；在过去的五天里，湖中的冰从边缘到中心都结冰了，那里是最坚固、最厚的地方。from...to...是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，因此空格处用介词from，故填from。 7．考查名词。句意：中山大学中文系教授叶春生解释了古人的智慧，说每年这个时候的严寒是一个好兆头，这意味着病虫害将无法度过冬天，明年将有一个好收成。由the和of可知，空格处用名词，wise的名词是wisdom，是不可数名词，意为“智慧”。故填wisdom。 8．考查定语从句。句意：中山大学中文系教授叶春生解释了古人的智慧，说每年这个时候的严寒是一个好兆头，这意味着病虫害将无法度过冬天，明年将有一个好收成。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词sign是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。 9．考查连词。句意：虽然大寒是一个寒冷的时代，但专家刘小昌对童年的回忆却给人一种温暖的感觉。根据语境可知，句子前后为转折关系，空格处意为“虽然”，用although引导让步状语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Although。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：不管天气有多冷，都不能阻止人们聚在一起庆祝团圆。句中谓语是can’t stop，空格处用非谓语动词，people和celebrate之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，表示和getting together同时发生。故填celebrating。 Passage 20 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For first-time visitors to Chengdu, Chunxi Road is an essential destination not to be overlooked. Chunxi Road as well as the other two main roads 1 (build) in 24 to link two commercial centers. It provides lovely food choices, 2 (delight) sightseeing, and a lot of shopping chances. Today, it stands as the very heart of fashion and modernity in Chengdu, offering 3 unique experience that reflects the city’s dynamic spirit. At the northern end of Chunxi Road, several bronze statues 4 (true) capture the essence of Chengdu’s past and present. An old man 5 (dress) in traditional Chinese clothes is engaged in making delicious food. Nearby, a young lady is walking in a hurry. The old man, with whom the visitors often take a picture, stands for the businessmen from the past, while the lady stands for the modern young people.    Chunxi Road is a shopper’s paradise, offering an extensive range of products from high-end international brands 6 affordable local items. The street is also renowned for its mouth-watering and budget-friendly local 7 (snack) that cater to every palate. For those concerned about the spicy cuisine in Chengdu, there are fast-food outlets 8 (serve) sweet options and nearby cafés and tea-houses 9 you can relax with a cup of coffee or tea. Many visitors are drawn to this area by the charm of the song Chengdu just 10 (experience) the city’s celebrated “slow-paced” and “laid-back” lifestyle. 【答案】 1．was built 2．delightful 3．a 4．truly 5．dressed 6．to 7．snacks 8．serving 9．where 10．to experience 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成都市的春熙路的历史以及特色。 1．考查时态语态。句意：春熙路和其他两条主要道路建于24年，连接两个商业中心。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in 24可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语与Chunxi Road保持一致，用单数。故填was built。 2．考查形容词。句意：它提供美味的食物选择，令人愉快的观光，还有很多购物的机会。修饰名词sightseeing用形容词delightful。故填delightful。 3．考查冠词。句意：如今，它已成为成都时尚和现代的核心，提供了一种独特的体验，反映了这座城市的活力精神。此处experience为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 4．考查副词。句意：在春熙路的北端，几座铜像真实地捕捉了成都过去和现在的精髓。修饰动词capture用副词truly，故填truly。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位穿着中国传统服装的老人正在做美味的食物。此处dress与man构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填dressed。 6．考查介词。句意：春溪路是购物者的天堂，从高端国际品牌到价格实惠的本地商品，应有尽有。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填to。 7．考查名词的数。句意：这条街也以其令人垂涎和经济实惠的当地小吃而闻名，这些小吃迎合了各种口味。此处snack数量大于一应用复数形式。故填snacks。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于那些担心成都辣的人来说，这里有提供甜食的快餐店，附近还有咖啡厅和茶馆，你可以在那里喝杯咖啡或茶放松一下。此处serve与fast-food outlets构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填serving。 9．考查定语从句。句意：对于那些担心成都辣的人来说，这里有提供甜食的快餐店，附近还有咖啡厅和茶馆，你可以在那里喝杯咖啡或茶放松一下。定语从句修饰先行词cafés and tea-houses，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多游客被歌曲“成都”的魅力吸引到这个地区，只是为了体验这座城市著名的“慢节奏”和“悠闲”的生活方式。此处experience作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to experience。 Passage 21 （24-25高二下·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origins of the umbrella can be traced back over thousands of years to early human societies. Initially used as sunshades, these early umbrellas 1 (fashion) from materials like silk or paper, and waterproofed with wax (蜡) and lacquer (漆) 2 (offer) rain protection. According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, which proved inconvenient for travel. Inspired by 3 sight of people taking shelter under eaves (屋檐), Lady Yun created a folding device made of bamboo and fabric. LuBan later improved this design, making it 4 (practical)for rain and sun protection than before, paving the way 5 the modern umbrella — a proof of the wisdom and 6 (creative) of early Chinese people. Pioneer 7 China may be in the development of umbrellas, similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece, 8 (primary) for sun protection. The word “umbrella” 9 (it) originates from the Latin “umbra”, meaning “shade”. Over time, as waterproofing techniques advanced, umbrellas changed from simple sunshades to essential tools for rain protection, 10 (gain) widespread popularity across the globe. 【答案】 1．were fashioned 2．to offer 3．the 4．more practical 5．for 6．creativity 7．as 8．primarily 9．itself 10．gaining 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了雨伞的起源，讲述了中国古代雨伞的发明过程，以及在其他古代文明中类似遮阳工具的出现，还说明了“umbrella”这个词的词源，以及雨伞随着防水技术发展而在全球普及的情况。 1．考查被动语态。句意：最初用作遮阳伞，这些早期的雨伞是由丝绸或纸等材料制成的，并涂有蜡和漆以防水。谓语动词fashion与主语umbrellas之间是被动关系，要使用被动语态，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数。故填were fashioned。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中作状语，表示目的，所以使用动词不定式，表示涂蜡和漆的目的是防水。故填to offer。 3．考查冠词。句意：受人们在屋檐下避雨这一景象的启发，云夫人创造了一种由竹子和织物制成的折叠装置。空白处后面的名词sight被后面的介词短语修饰表示特指，使用定冠词。故填the。 4．考查形容词比较级。句意：鲁班后来改进了这个设计，使它比以前更实用，可以防雨和防晒，为现代雨伞铺平了道路——这是早期中国人智慧和创造力的证明。根据上文“LuBan later improved this design(鲁班后来改进了这个设计)”可知，上文提到了鲁班后来改进了这个设计，可推理出此处要把鲁班改进设计前后雨伞的功能进行比较，空白处应填入形容词比较级。故填more practical。 5．考查介词。句意：同上。“pave the way for... ”为固定短语，含义为“为……铺平道路”，符合句意。故填for。 6．考查名词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中作介词of的宾语，使用名词，creative的名词为creativity意为“创造力”。故填creativity。 7．考查连词。句意：虽然中国在雨伞的发展方面可能是先驱，但类似的装置也出现在其他古代文明中，如埃及、亚述和希腊，主要是用于防晒。根据下文“similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece(类似的装置也出现在其他古代文明中，如埃及、亚述和希腊)”可知，下文提到了类似的装置也出现在其他古代文明中，如埃及、亚述和希腊，可推理出空白处引导让步状语从句，因让步状语从句为倒装结构，可推理出本句使用了“表语/状语/动词原形 + as + 从句”结构。故填as。 8．考查副词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中作状语修饰整个句子，使用副词，primary的副词为primarily意为“最初”符合句意。故填primarily。 9．考查代词。句意：“umbrella”这个词本身就来源于拉丁语“umbra”，意思是“阴影”。空白处在句子中作主语The word “umbrella”的同位语，表示“umbrella”这个词本身，所以空白处填反身代词。故填itself。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，随着防水技术的进步，雨伞从简单的遮阳伞变成了防雨的必备工具，在全球范围内得到了广泛的普及。此处为非谓语动词作状语，gain与逻辑主语之间为主动意义，表示一个自然而然的结果，使用现在分词作状语。故填gaining。 Passage 22 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wooden movable-type printing (活字印刷) is one of the world’s oldest printing techniques. It dates back to the early Yuan Dynasty, during 1 time it was introduced to compile (编撰) and print elan genealogies (家谱). Since then, this technique has been passed down through generations in Rui’an county, Zhejiang province, and is still 2 use today. Men are trained to draw and carve Chinese characters, which are then set into a type-page and printed. The movable characters can be used time and again after the type-page 3 (take) apart. The printed genealogy is then placed into a locked box 4 (preserve). The reason why woodblock movable type printing continues to exist in modern society 5 (part) lies in its ability to produce genealogies that can be preserved for a long time. Compared to modern printing technologies, products printed 6 (employ) woodblock movable type remain clear for hundreds of years. However, with the systematic training 7 (need), the low income generated and computer printing technology popularized, the number of craftspeople 8 (decrease) rapidly so far. At present, only eleven people over 50 years of age remain who have mastered the whole set of techniques. 9 not protected, this traditional practice will soon disappear. With the growing 10 (emphasize) on traditional culture and conservation awareness, woodblock movable type printing, as a cultural heritage, has gained increasing attention and protection. 【答案】 1．which 2．in 3．is taken 4．to preserve 5．partly 6．employing 7．needed 8．has decreased 9．If 10．emphasis 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上最古老的印刷技术之一——木活字印刷术，它在瑞安传承至今，但目前因多种因素工匠数量锐减，需得到保护。 1．考查定语从句。句意：它可以追溯到元朝早期，在那个时期，它被引入用于编撰和印刷族谱。“during ___1___ time it was introduced to compile (编撰) and print elan genealogies (家谱)”是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the early Yuan Dynasty，关系词将其代入从句作介词during后宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 2．考查介绍。句意：从那时起，这项技术在浙江省瑞安县代代相传，至今仍在使用。“in use”是固定短语，意为“在使用中”。故填in。 3．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：活字在排版拆卸后可以反复使用。take apart(拆开)是从句中谓语动词，与主语the type page之间是被动关系，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is taken。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后将印刷好的族谱放入一个上锁的盒子中保存。“(preserve)”作“is then placed into a locked box”的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to preserve。 5．考查副词。句意：木活字印刷术在现代社会继续存在的原因部分在于它能够印制可以长期保存的族谱。提示词修饰动词短语lies in，用副词partly作状语，意为“部分地”。故填partly。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：与现代印刷技术相比，采用木活字印刷的产品几百年后仍清晰可见。“(employ) woodblock movable type”作后置定语修饰products，employ(使用)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语products之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填employing。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，由于需要系统的培训、收入低以及计算机印刷技术的普及，到目前为止，工匠的数量正在迅速减少。提示词作with复合结构中宾语补足语，need(需要)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the systematic training之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语。故填needed。 8．考查时态。句意：然而，由于需要系统的培训、收入低以及计算机印刷技术的普及，到目前为止，工匠的数量正在迅速减少。decrease(减少)是谓语动词，与主语the number of craftspeople之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“so far”可知，应用现在完成时态，the number of craftspeople作主语，助动词用has。故填has decreased。 9．考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果不加以保护，这种传统做法很快就会消失。“___9___ not protected”是条件状语从句，完整形式是“If it is not protected”，当从句中有“it+be”动词时，可将其省略，保留If not protected。故填If。 10．考查名词。句意：随着对传统文化的重视和保护意识的增强，作为文化遗产的木活字印刷术受到了越来越多的关注和保护。提示词作宾语，用名词emphasis，意为“重视”，不可数名词。故填emphasis。 Passage 23 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the majority of southeastern Asian countries such as Vietnam and Thailand, rice is the 1 (widespread) grain. China is the first country 2 (grow) rice. Chinese people have devoted themselves to 3 (boost) this essential crop for centuries. To feed the large population, Chinese people work together to make sure that rice is grown well. For instance, in order to tackle the crisis of water 4 (short), our government calls on citizens to reduce water consumption. They also carry out artificial rainfalls in which a special device is sent into the sky and explodes like a bomb. Then the 5 (chemical) inside help generate rain from clouds. As for our scientists, they research on characteristics of various rice grains to develop some excellent ones, some of 6 may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil. With people’s efforts 7 (expand) to more aspects, lots of difficulties in farming have been overcome and some visions have been turned 8 reality. We 9 (convince) that rice can be extended to more countries in the world. In closing, 10 we can grow rice in deserts is no longer an assumption, but there is still a long way for us to go. 【答案】 1．most widespread 2．to grow 3．boosting 4．shortage 5．chemicals 6．which 7．expanded 8．into 9．are convinced 10．that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水稻在东南亚及中国的重要性及其相关研究。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：在越南和泰国等大多数东南亚国家，水稻是最广泛种植的谷物。本空修饰名词grain，作定语，且此处表示“最广泛的”，应用形容词最高级形式most widespread。故填most widespread。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是第一个种植水稻的国家。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，本空作后置定语，修饰名词country，country和grow“种植”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且country有序数词the first修饰，用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to grow。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：几百年来，中国人民一直致力于提高这种主要作物的产量。devote oneself to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，为固定搭配，to是介词，本空用boost“提高”的动名词形式。故填boosting。 4．考查名词。句意：例如，为了解决水资源短缺的危机，我国政府呼吁市民减少用水量。本空作介词of的宾语，用名词shortage“短缺”，不可数名词。故填shortage。 5．考查名词的数。句意：然后里面的化学物质帮助云产生雨水。chemical“化学物质”为可数名词，根据谓语动词help可知，主语为复数，本空用名词复数chemicals。故填chemicals。 6．考查定语从句。句意：至于我们的科学家，他们研究各种稻米的特点，以开发一些优良的稻米，其中一些稻米产量高，富含营养和矿物质，甚至可以在盐碱地种植。some of _____ may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ones，关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人们努力的范围被扩大到更多方面，农业中的许多困难已被克服，一些愿景已变为现实。此处为with复合结构，且people’s efforts与expand“扩大”为被动关系，用过去分词，作宾补。故填expanded。 8．考查固定短语。句意：随着人们努力的范围被扩大到更多方面，农业中的许多困难已被克服，一些愿景已变为现实。turn... into...“把……变成……”，为固定短语，本空用介词into，符合题意。故填into。 9．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：我们相信水稻可以推广到世界上更多的国家。本空为句子谓语，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语We和convince“使确信，使信服”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are convinced。 10．考查主语从句。句意：最后，我们能在沙漠中种植水稻已不再是假设，但我们还有很长的路要走。_____ we can grow rice in deserts为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。 Passage 24 （23-24高二下·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 DUJIANGYAN Originally constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a 1 (remark) example of ancient engineering skill and is still 2 use today. During the Warring States period, people who lived along the 3 (bank) of the Min River were troubled by annual flooding. Qin governor and irrigation engineer Li Bing investigated the problem 4 (thorough). He led a team to construct a levee 5 (redirect) a portion of the river’s flow. Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water. After the system was finished, no more floods occurred. What’s more, the redirected water from the Min River could be used for irrigation， 6 made Sichuan one of the most productive agricultural regions in China . If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see 7 unusual construction that resembles a fish’s mouth. This famous attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts, namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, 8 (design) scientifically to control the water flow throughout the year. 9 (recognize) as a UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan 10 (irrigate) farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years. 【答案】 1．remarkable 2．in 3．banks 4．thoroughly 5．to redirect 6．which 7．an 8．was designed 9．Recognized 10．has irrigated/has been irrigating 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了都江堰的历史、作用和优点，体现了我国古代劳动人民的聪明智慧。 1．考查形容词。句意：都江堰最初是秦国在公元前256年左右建造的灌溉和防洪系统，是古代工程技术的一个杰出例子，至今仍在使用。分析句子结构，设空处应该填写形容词作定语，修饰名词example。形容词remarkable意为“杰出的”符合句意。故填remarkable。 2．考查介词。句意：都江堰最初建于公元前256年左右，是秦国的灌溉和防洪系统，是古代工程技术的杰出典范，至今仍在使用。由句意知此处应填介词in，短语be in use意为“在使用中”，固定搭配。故填in。 3．考查名词。句意：战国时期，居住在岷江沿岸的人们每年都受到洪水的困扰。分析句子，设空处使用名词作along宾语。bank为可数名词，意为“河岸”，此处表示复数意义。故填banks。 4．考查副词。句意：秦国郡守、水利工程师李冰彻底地调查了这个问题。副词作状语修饰动词“investigated”，所给词“thorough（彻底的）”为形容词，应填副词。故填thoroughly。 5．考查不定式。句意：他带领一个团队建造了一个堤坝，以改变部分河水的流向。此处应填不定式，作目的状语。故填to redirect。 6．考查定语从句。句意：并且，从岷江调来的水可以用于灌溉，这就使四川成为中国最高产的农业地区之一。根据句意，设空处所填的词引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 7．考查冠词。句意：如果你去都江堰，你会看到一个不寻常的建筑，就像一个鱼的嘴。根据句意“一个不寻常的建筑”可知，设空处填入冠词a/an来修饰单数可数名词“construction”。另外，空后面的形容词“unusual”的音标是元音音素开头的，需要用an。故填an。 8．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这个著名的景点，鱼嘴，连同另外两个重要的部分，即飞沙堰和宝瓶口，旨在全年科学地控制水流。空处为谓语动词， together with连接并列名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与该结构之前的名词或代词保持一致，所以谓语动词与This famous attraction一致，主语与design之间为被动关系且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态was designed。故填was designed。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：都江堰被联合国教科文组织认定为世界文化遗产，2000多年来，都江堰一直在灌溉农田的同时防止洪水泛滥。空处为非谓语动词，Dujiangyan与recognize之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Recognized。 10．考查动词时态。句意：都江堰被联合国教科文组织认定为世界文化遗产，2000多年来，都江堰一直在灌溉农田的同时防止洪水泛滥。设空处是动词作谓语，结合句意及时间状语for over 2,000 years可知应用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，表示对现在有影响，或者表示过去某个时刻开始的动作持续到现在而且还将继续下去, Dujiangyan作主语，助动词用has。故填has irrigated/has been irrigating。 Passage 25 （23-24高二上·浙江·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Sept. 7, famous Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, 1 (award) by UNESCO for her contribution 2 the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. 3 (call) the “daughter of Dunhuang”, she started her story with the cave 60 years ago. In 1963, Fan, then a 25-year-old Peking University graduate, had the chance 4 (work) at the Mogao Caves, a place she had wanted to explore for a long time. Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost 5 (complete) cut off from the world. Fan and her coworkers stayed inside the caves to do research, copy murals (壁画), and do 6 they could to protect and restore them. 7 time passed, Fan found a serious problem. 8 number of tourists visiting Dunhuang was increasing, which might harm the caves, 9 (cause) the murals inside to fade. In the late 1980s, Fan stumbled upon (偶然发现) computer technology by chance. She realized that this might preserve the Mogao Caves forever. After over 30 years of 10 (explore), the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relies there, allowing Dunhuang’s art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world. 【答案】 1．was awarded 2．to 3．Called 4．to work 5．completely 6．whatever/what 7．As 8．The 9．causing 10．exploration 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是9月7日，联合国教科文组织授予85岁的中国著名考古学家樊锦诗荣誉称号，以表彰她为保护敦煌莫高窟所做的贡献。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：9月7日，联合国教科文组织授予 85 岁的中国著名考古学家樊锦诗荣誉称号，以表彰她为保护敦煌莫高窟所做的贡献。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据“On Sept. 7”可知，此处为一般现在时，主语amous Chinese archacologist Fan Jinshi与award之间构成被动关系，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填 was awarded。 2．考查介词。句意：9月7日，联合国教科文组织授予85岁的中国著名考古学家樊锦诗荣誉称号，以表彰她为保护敦煌莫高窟所做的贡献。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语 contribution to 意为“对……的贡献”符合句意。故填to。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“敦煌之女”的她，从60年前的洞穴开始了她的故事。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语， call 与逻辑主语 she 构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Called。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：1963年，25岁的北京大学毕业生樊锦诗有机会在莫高窟工作，这是她长期以来一直想去探索的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰抽象名词 chance ，其后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to work。 5．考查副词。句意：那时候，莫高窟几乎与外界完全隔绝。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词短语 cut off ，complete的副词形式为completely意为“完全地”符合句意。故填completely。 6．考查宾语从句。句意：樊和她的同事待在洞穴里做研究，复制壁画，尽他们所能保护和修复它们。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连接词引导宾语从句作do的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意，表示“什么”或者“无论什么”，所以此处可用whatever或what。故填whatever/what。 7．考查状语从句。句意：随着时间的流逝，樊发现了一个严重的问题。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导时间状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示“随着”符合句意，所以此处使用as引导时间状语从句，位于句首，所以首字母大写。故填As。 8．考查固定短语。句意：参观敦煌的游客越来越多，这可能会损害洞穴，导致里面的壁画褪色。结合句子结构以及句意可知，此处应为固定短语“the number of”意为“……的数量”，且位于句首，所以首字母大写。故填The。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：参观敦煌的游客越来越多，这可能会损害洞穴，导致里面的壁画褪色。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，cause 与上文句子的内容构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词作结果状语。故填causing。 10．考查名词。句意：经过30多年的探索，敦煌研究院建立了一个数字数据库来保护那里的文物，让敦煌的艺术永世长存，走出洞穴，与世界相遇。分析句子结构可知，此处作介词的宾语，应用名词形式，explore的名词为exploration意为“探索”且此处为不可数名词。故填exploration. 试卷第2页，共37页 试卷第1页，共37页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$