考题猜想03 阅读理解-七选五培优专练20篇-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版）

2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 考题猜想03 阅读理解-七选五培优专练20篇 解析版 满分策略 技巧一 | 从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。 因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as a result结果，thus/therefore因此，so (such)...如此……以至于等。 技巧二 | 从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系 转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：however然而等。 技巧三 | 从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系 前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。 技巧四 | 从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系 递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also也, 而且, further另外(的), furthermore而且，此外等。 技巧五 | 从细节逻辑上判断——平列关系 表示列举关系的有：firstly第一, 首先secondly第二, thirdly第三in the first place第一，首先for one thing首先等。 技巧六 | 从词汇线索上判断——代词指代 英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 技巧七 | 从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词 英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。 技巧八 | 从词汇线索上判断——同畴词 上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题 技巧九 | 从试题位置上判断——问题在段首 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。 技巧十 | 从试题位置上判断——问题在段尾 所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。 段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 Passage 01 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）At 40, I fell in love with cycling and joined a local cycling club. I befriended cycling lovers and we often went cycling together. 1 I decided to go on a solo (独自的) cycling journey from Singapore to Indonesia. My late grandfather was born in Bagansiapiapi, Indonesia. Growing up, I’d hear all kinds of stories about his childhood before he moved to Singapore. I was anxious to visit his birthplace but I never acted on it until the idea of cycling there came to mind. 2 And I decided to go big — make the whole journey across the island and head to the northernmost tip of Indonesia. I made sure I planned my first solo ride around Indonesia well. My whole trip would cover more than 1,600 km. I aimed to cycle around 100 km to 140 km a day, which would take about four to six hours. I had to leave room for flexibility. Possible bicycle breakdowns and accidents needed to be taken into account. 3 During the first leg of the journey, I hardly felt tired because I was so driven by my excitement. Reaching Bagansiapiapi, I immediately asked about the history relating to the large Chinese community there. I learned that a Chinese family surnamed Tan did live there for years. In the 1940s, they moved to another part of Southeast Asia. The locals couldn’t remember the names so I wasn’t sure whether it was my grandfather’s family. 4 All the small pieces of the history reminded me of the hard work of my forefathers to find a better life for their later generations. 5 Once, I got lost while cycling towards Lake Toba. Luckily, a family of three showed me the right directions. The whole journey was unforgettable. I was thankful that I could witness the land where my grandparents had ever lived and that I had completed such a challenging cycling journey myself. A．I knew I had to make it happen. B．At age 49, I developed a thirst for adventure. C．My cycling journey was not without challenges. D．Or I was just feeling extra tired on a certain day. E．However, the possibility left me feeling excited and satisfied. F．I took note of a few potential hostels and other accommodations. G．I felt a little regret for not exploring more of my family’s detailed history. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者40岁时爱上骑自行车，并决定从新加坡独自骑行到印度尼西亚，探访祖父的出生地巴甘西亚皮阿比，整个骑行旅程超过1600公里，途中了解了当地华人社区的历史，虽然遇到了一些困难，但也得到了当地人的帮助，最终顺利完成骑行之旅的故事。 1．根据上文“At 40, I fell in love with cycling and joined a local cycling club. I befriended cycling lovers and we often went cycling together.( 40岁时，我爱上了骑自行车，并加入了当地的一个自行车俱乐部。我和自行车爱好者成了朋友，我们经常一起去骑自行车)”可知，作者40岁时爱上了骑自行车，并加入了当地的自行车俱乐部，与骑行爱好者交朋友并经常一起骑行。B选项“At age 49, I developed a thirst for adventure. (49岁时，我渴望冒险) ”承接上文，说明作者在49岁时有了新的追求——冒险，因此决定独自骑行从新加坡到印度尼西亚。这符合逻辑顺序和语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选B。 2．根据上文“Growing up, I’d hear all kinds of stories about his childhood before he moved to Singapore. I was anxious to visit his birthplace but I never acted on it until the idea of cycling there came to mind.(在他移居新加坡之前，我听过他各种各样的童年故事。我很想去他的出生地看看，但一直没有付诸行动，直到我想到骑车去那里)”提到作者一直想去祖父的出生地印度尼西亚，但从未付诸行动，直到想到骑自行车去那里。A选项“I knew I had to make it happen. (我知道我必须让它发生) ”紧承上文，表达了作者决定要实现这个想法的决心。下文“And I decided to go big — make the whole journey across the island and head to the northernmost tip of Indonesia.(于是我决定做一次大的尝试——横穿整个岛屿，前往印尼的最北端)”进一步说明了作者的计划，与A选项相呼应。故选A。 3．根据上文“I made sure I planned my first solo ride around Indonesia well. My whole trip would cover more than 1,600 km. I aimed to cycle around 100 km to 140 km a day, which would take about four to six hours. I had to leave room for flexibility. Possible bicycle breakdowns and accidents needed to be taken into account. (我确保我的第一次独自在印度尼西亚骑行计划得很好。我的整个旅程将超过1600公里。我的目标是每天骑100到140公里，大约需要4到6个小时。我必须为灵活性留出空间。需要考虑到可能出现的自行车故障和事故)”可知，作者为了确保骑行顺利，做了详细的计划，包括每天骑行的距离和预留的灵活时间，以及考虑可能的自行车故障和事故。D选项“Or I was just feeling extra tired on a certain day. (或者我只是在某一天感觉特别累) ”是一种假设的情况，与上文中提到的预留灵活时间相呼应，表示即使遇到意外情况（如某天特别累），也能灵活应对。故选D。 4．根据上文“Reaching Bagansiapiapi, I immediately asked about the history relating to the large Chinese community there. I learned that a Chinese family surnamed Tan did live there for years. In the 1940s, they moved to another part of Southeast Asia. The locals couldn’t remember the names so I wasn’t sure whether it was my grandfather’s family. (到达Bagansiapiapi后，我立即询问了与那里庞大的华人社区有关的历史。我了解到一个姓谭的中国家庭确实在那里住了很多年。在20世纪40年代，他们搬到了东南亚的另一个地方。当地人记不住他们的名字，所以我不确定那是不是我祖父的家人)”可知，作者到达祖父的出生地后，询问了与当地华人社区有关的历史，但不确定是否是祖父的家族。E选项“However, the possibility left me feeling excited and satisfied. (然而，这种可能性让我感到兴奋和满足)”表示尽管不确定，但这种可能性仍然让作者感到兴奋和满足。这符合作者的情感变化，也体现了作者对家族历史的关注和探索。故选E。 5．根据下文“Once, I got lost while cycling towards Lake Toba. Luckily, a family of three showed me the right directions. (有一次，我在骑车去鸟羽湖的路上迷路了。幸运的是，一个三口之家给我指了正确的方向)”可知，此处提出作者在骑行过程中迷路了，但幸运地得到了一个三口之家的帮助。C选项“My cycling journey was not without challenges. (我的骑行之旅并非没有挑战) ”引出下文作者在骑行过程中遇到的困难。故选C。 Passage 02 （24-25高二上·河北唐山·期末）After an afternoon of collecting leaves or pulling wild grass from your garden, you may wonder how much all that activity counts toward your daily exercise quota (定额). 1 “Many yard and garden tasks require enough effort to count as medium-intensity exercise,” says Dr. I-Min Lee, a professor at Harvard Medical School. And the U.S. physical activity guidelines call for doing at least 150 minutes per week of medium-intensity exercise. 2 You can spread it out over the week or focus on just two days during the weekend. 3 Several yard and garden tasks — digging holes, shoveling soil, or bagging fallen leaves, for example — strengthen various muscles. Besides, gardening or yard work, like walking, swimming, and dancing, has a low rate of injuries when compared with higher-intensity activities such as running. There’s even evidence that gardening can reduce stress and anxiety. 4 This makes gardening an effective approach to well-being. “If you enjoy gardening and yard work, it can be a good way to meet your exercise goals,” says Dr. Lee. “ 5 In this way, you are more likely to stick to them consistently.” A．The answer is no. B．They also increased physical activity levels. C．Such changes help lower the risk of heart disease. D．You can meet that goal doing garden or yard work. E．After all, the best rule is to do activities you enjoy. F．You may collect a few health benefits from doing so. G．Surprisingly, it adds up to more than you might think. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．F 4．C 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。哈佛医学院教授称，园艺和庭院工作属中等强度运动，能满足锻炼要求，还能带来多种健康益处 。 1．由上文“After an afternoon of collecting leaves or pulling wild grass from your garden, you may wonder how much all that activity counts toward your daily exercise quota (定额).(在花园里收集了一下午树叶或拔了一下午野草后，你可能会想，这些活动对你的日常锻炼定额有多大作用。)”可知，这里提出了关于花园活动对日常锻炼定额作用的疑问。空格处应是对这个疑问的回应，而G项Surprisingly, it adds up to more than you might think.(令人惊讶的是，它累计起来的量比你想象的要多。) 符合此处语境，对前文的疑问进行了回答，表明花园活动的锻炼量比想象的多，有承上作用。故选G项。 2．由上文“And the U.S. physical activity guidelines call for doing at least 150 minutes per week of medium-intensity exercise.(美国的身体活动指南要求每周至少进行 150 分钟的中等强度运动。)”以及下文“You can spread it out over the week or focus on just two days during the weekend.(你可以把它分散在一周内完成，或者只集中在周末的两天。)”可知，上文提到了每周中等强度运动的时长要求，下文说的是完成运动的时间安排方式。空格处应是说明通过做园艺或庭院工作可以达到这个运动目标，D项You can meet that goal doing garden or yard work.(你可以通过做园艺或庭院工作来实现那个目标。)符合此处语境，that goal指代上文的at least 150 minutes per week of medium-intensity exercise，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。 3．由下文“Several yard and garden tasks — digging holes, shoveling soil, or bagging fallen leaves, for example — strengthen various muscles. Besides, gardening or yard work, like walking, swimming, and dancing, has a low rate of injuries when compared with higher-intensity activities such as running. There’s even evidence that gardening can reduce stress and anxiety.(例如，一些庭院和园艺工作 —— 挖洞、铲土或把落叶装袋 —— 可以锻炼各种肌肉。此外，与跑步等高强度运动相比，园艺或庭院工作，就像散步、游泳和跳舞一样，受伤率较低。甚至有证据表明园艺可以减轻压力和焦虑。)”可知，这里列举了做园艺和庭院工作的诸多好处。空格处应是总述做这些工作能带来一些健康益处，F项You may collect a few health benefits from doing so.(你可能会从这样做中获得一些健康益处。) 符合此处语境，引出下文对这些益处的具体阐述，有启下作用。故选F项。 4．由上文“There’s even evidence that gardening can reduce stress and anxiety.(甚至有证据表明园艺可以减轻压力和焦虑。)”以及下文“This makes gardening an effective approach to well-being.(这使得园艺成为一种促进健康的有效方法。)”可知，上文提到园艺能减轻压力和焦虑，下文说这使园艺成为促进健康的方法。空格处应是说明减轻压力和焦虑与促进健康之间的联系，C项Such changes help lower the risk of heart disease.(这样的变化有助于降低患心脏病的风险。)符合此处语境，Such changes指代上文reduce stress and anxiety，解释了减轻压力和焦虑这种变化对健康的积极影响，起到了承上启下的作用。故选C项。 5．由上文“‘If you enjoy gardening and yard work, it can be a good way to meet your exercise goals,’ says Dr. Lee.(李博士说：‘如果你喜欢园艺和庭院工作，这可能是实现你的锻炼目标的好方法。’)”以及下文“In this way, you are more likely to stick to them consistently.(这样，你更有可能始终如一地坚持下去。)”可知，上文强调喜欢园艺和庭院工作对实现锻炼目标的作用，下文说这样能坚持下去。空格处应是进一步说明喜欢这些活动的重要性，E项After all, the best rule is to do activities you enjoy.(毕竟，最好的原则是做你喜欢的活动。) 符合此处语境，activities you enjoy与上文enjoy gardening and yard work相呼应，同时解释了为什么喜欢的活动更能让人坚持下去，起到了承上启下的作用。故选E项。 Passage 03 （24-25高二上·贵州安顺·期末）It is always good to be informed about how to deal with possible emergencies and difficulties when travelling abroad. 1 Health Care Italy guarantees medical assistance to anyone who needs it and goes to a public hospital or similar facility(emergency rooms, polyclinics, doctor’ surgeries). 2 However, we recommend taking out travel health insurance before you depart, to make sure you are covered for any accidents and illnesses not covered by the National Health Service. Pharmacies Pharmacies follow normal shop opening hours. In big cities, there are some that are open 24/7. On public holidays(e. g., Sundays)or for night-time emergencies, pharmacies are open according to a shift system: 3 Dentists Foreign nationals temporarily visiting Italy are also entitled to basic dental care. You can simply go to a National Health Service surgery or, if necessary, to the emergency room. 4 If any problems occur during your stay in Italy, we recommend contacting the accommodation facility, restaurant, shopkeeper, etc., to request appropriate explanations. If this is not enough to deal with your problems, 5 Bearing in mind that it is important to collect and keep all document at ion and direct evidence to prove your case. A．Administrative violations. B．Complaints and poor service. C．In these cases, there is no charge. D．you can take action to protect your rights. E．You can take action by making a collective complaint. F．Here is more general information on assistance services. G．A calendar will let you know where to find the nearest one that is open. 【答案】 1．F 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了关于在国外旅行时如何应对可能的紧急情况和困难的一般信息，特别是关于医疗保健、药店、牙医服务以及投诉和服务不佳时的处理建议。 1．根据上文“It is always good to be informed about how to deal with possible emergencies and difficulties when travelling abroad(当你在国外旅行时，了解如何应对可能出现的紧急情况和困难总是很有好处的。)”可知，文章开篇指出了解在国外旅行时如何处理可能的紧急情况和困难总是好的，后文分别从医疗保健、药店、牙医以及遇到问题时的处理方式等方面进行介绍，所以此处应是引出下文关于援助服务的更多信息。选项F“Here is more general information on assistance services.(以下是关于援助服务的更多一般信息。)”符合语境，起到了总领下文的作用。故选F。 2．根据上文“Italy guarantees medical assistance to anyone who needs it and goes to a public hospital or similar facility(emergency rooms, polyclinics, doctor’ surgeries).(意大利为任何需要医疗服务并前往公立医院或类似机构（急诊室、综合医院、医生诊所）的人提供医疗救助。)”可知，上文提到意大利为任何需要的人在去公立医院或类似设施时提供医疗援助。选项C“In these cases, there is no charge.(在这些情况下，不收费。)”中的“these cases”指的就是去公立医院等接受医疗援助的情况，说明在这种情况下意大利的医疗援助是免费的，符合上下文逻辑。故选C。 3．根据上文“In big cities, there are some that are open 24/7. On public holidays(e. g., Sundays)or for night-time emergencies, pharmacies are open according to a shift system(在大城市里，有些药店是全天候 24 小时营业的。在公共假期（例如，周日）或遇到夜间紧急情况时，药店按照轮班制度营业：)”可知，上文提到了在公共假期或夜间紧急情况时，药店按照轮班制度营业。选项G“A calendar will let you know where to find the nearest one that is open.(一份日历会让你知道在哪里可以找到最近的一家营业的药店)”说明了在药店轮班营业的情况下，如何找到营业的药店，与上文衔接紧密。故选G。 4．空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“If any problems occur during your stay in Italy, we recommend contacting the accommodation facility, restaurant, shopkeeper, etc., to request appropriate explanations.(如果你在意大利停留期间出现任何问题，我们建议你联系住宿场所、餐厅、店主等，要求他们给出合理的解释。)”等内容可知，本段主要讲述的是关于投诉和服务差的问题。选项B“Complaints and poor service.( 投诉和服务差)”符合本段主题。故选B。 5．根据上文“If this is not enough to deal with your problems,(如果这样做仍不足以解决你的问题)”可知，上文为从句，指出如果联系相关方不足以解决问题。选项D“you can take action to protect your rights.(你可以采取行动来保护你的权利)”承接从句内容，指出在这种情况下可以采取行动保护自己的权利，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 04 （24-25高二上·陕西咸阳·期末）While the key to success in both personal and professional relationships lies in your ability to communicate well, it’s not the words that you use but your nonverbal cues or “body language” that speak the loudest. Body language is the use of physical behavior, expressions, and mannerisms to communicate nonverbally, often done instinctively rather than consciously. 1 . Facial expressions. The human face is extremely expressive. 2 . And facial expressions are universal. The facial expressions for happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust are the same across cultures. Body movement and posture. Consider how your perceptions (看法) of people are affected by the way they sit, walk, stand, or hold their head. 3 . This type of nonverbal communication includes your posture and your unnoticeable movements. Gestures. You may wave, point, or use your hands when arguing or speaking energetically, often expressing yourself with gestures without thinking. However, the meaning of some gestures can be very different across cultures. 4 , for example, usually conveys a positive message in English-speaking countries, it’s considered offensive in countries such as Germany, Russia, and Brazil. So, it’s important to be careful of using gestures so as to avoid misinterpretation. Space. Have you ever felt uneasy during a talk because the other person was standing too close? 5 , although that need differs depending on the culture, the situation, and the closeness of the relationship. You can use it to communicate many different nonverbal messages, including signals of closeness and affection or aggression. A．The way you move and carry yourself communicates a wealth of information B．There are many different types of nonverbal communication or body language C．While the “OK” sign made with the hand D．It is able to convey countless emotions without saying a word E．Do you still remember the most embarrassed moment you have ever experienced F．Everyone should pay more attention to physical behavior in a formal occasion G．We all have a need for physical space 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在人际交往中，肢体语言的重要性及其各种表现形式，包括面部表情、身体动作和姿势、手势以及空间距离等。 1．根据上文内容“Body language is the use of physical behavior, expressions, and mannerisms to communicate nonverbally, often done instinctively rather than consciously.(肢体语言是指通过身体行为、表情和举止来进行非语言交流，通常是本能而非有意识地做出的。)”可知，上文提出肢体语言这一概念。选项B“There are many different types of nonverbal communication or body language(有许多不同类型的非语言交流或肢体语言。)”承上启下，自然引出下文各种类型的肢体语言。故选B。 2．根据上文内容“The human face is extremely expressive.(人类的面部极具表现力。)”可知，上文指出人脸极具表现力。选项D“It is able to convey countless emotions without saying a word(它能够不说话就传达无数的情感。)”进一步解释了人脸是如何通过表情来表达情感的，与前文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选D。 3．根据上文“Body movement and posture. Consider how your perceptions (看法) of people are affected by the way they sit, walk, stand, or hold their head.(身体动作和姿势。想想看，人们坐下、走路、站立或抬头的方式是如何影响你对他们的看法的。)”可知，本段主题是身体动作和姿势。选项A“The way you move and carry yourself communicates a wealth of information(你移动和保持自身姿势的方式传达了大量信息)”与本段主题相符，即身体的动作和姿势所传达的信息。故选A。 4．根据下文“for example, usually conveys a positive message in English-speaking countries, it’s considered offensive in countries such as Germany, Russia, and Brazil. So, it’s important to be careful of using gestures so as to avoid misinterpretation.(例如，在英语国家通常传达积极的信息，但在德国、俄罗斯和巴西等国家，它却被认为是冒犯性的。所以，谨慎使用手势以避免产生误解是很重要的。)”可知，下文举例说明某个手势在不同文化中的不同含义。选项C“While the “OK” sign made with the hand(用手做出的“OK”手势)”与后文内容相呼应，是对后文例子的引出。故选C。 5．根据本段首句“Space.”可知，本段主题为空间。根据空后“although that need differs depending on the culture, the situation, and the closeness of the relationship.(尽管这种需求会因文化、情境以及关系的亲密程度而有所不同。)”可推测，空处为主句，且和下文存在转折关系。选项G“We all have a need for physical space(我们都对个人空间有需求)”中的“a need for physical space”和下文“need”保持一致，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G。 Passage 05 （24-25高二上·宁夏银川·期末）How to Develop a Sense of Humor A good sense of humor can make you the life of the party and help you go easier on yourself. Using different forms of tricks, you’ll have people around you roaring with laughter. Learn to tell the sort of jokes you find funny. Once you’ve learned what kind of humor you enjoy, try including it in your conversations with friends. Try to tell your jokes as if commenting on the weather. 1 Have fun. 2 Remember, you are more than your humor. Try to find the world engaging, new, and strange. This will help improve your overall mood and make it easier for you to find humor in things if you allow yourself to play. So get out there and have fun with yourself! 3 If the way you tell a story goes a long way toward making it funny, practice it as you talk. Smile and laugh along with everyone. If you’re telling a shocking part of the story, widen your eyes and lean forward for a dramatic effect. You can also use your hands to be more expressive and get a laugh on others, too. Joke kindly and carefully. 4 If you are making fun of a friend, try to joke about a positive aspect of that person rather than a weakness. If a colleague is always on time, say you set your watch by him or her. If your children write a good paper for school, say they’ll be promoted to a teacher next. 5 A．Surround yourself with funny people. B．Use your body language to be more engaging. C．Remember, humor should brighten days, not darken them. D．Jokes about friends should not show them in a negative way. E．A casual delivery is often the funniest part of an unusual comment. F．Focus on their delivery and how they turn it into something humorous. G．Avoid getting so caught up in making people laugh that you forget to enjoy yourself. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个培养幽默感的方法。 1．根据上文“Try to tell your jokes as if commenting on the weather.(试着像评论天气一样讲你的笑话。)”可知，空处承接上文，指出随意的表达往往是有趣的部分，E项中的“comment”和上文中的“commenting”对应。E项“A casual delivery is often the funniest part of an unusual comment.(随意的表达往往是不寻常评论中最有趣的部分。)”承接上文，说明随意的表达往往是有趣的，承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 2．根据段落主旨句“Have fun.(玩得开心)”可知，空处对上文进一步解释说明，强调不要沉迷于逗乐别人，应该要让自己玩得开心。G项中的“enjoy yourself”和“have fun”对应。G项“Avoid getting so caught up in making people laugh that you forget to enjoy yourself.(不要太沉迷于让别人笑，而忘记了享受自己。)”说明了要让自己玩儿得开心，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 3．空处为段落主旨句。根据下文“Smile and laugh along with everyone. If you’re telling a shocking part of the story, widen your eyes and lean forward for a dramatic effect. You can also use your hands to be more expressive and get a laugh on others, too.(和每个人一起微笑和大笑。如果你正在讲述故事中令人震惊的部分，请睁大眼睛，身体前倾，以获得戏剧性的效果。你也可以用你的手来表达更多，也可以让别人开怀大笑。)”可知，本段介绍了使用肢体语言来培养幽默感的方法。B项“Use your body language to be more engaging.(用你的肢体语言让自己更有吸引力。)”说明了要使用肢体语言，概括了本段主要内容，可作为主旨句，故选B。 4．根据段落主旨句“Joke kindly and carefully.(开玩笑要和蔼而小心。)”可知，本段强调和朋友开玩笑要和蔼并且小心，D选项“Jokes about friends should not show them in a negative way.(关于朋友的笑话不应该以消极的方式表现出来。)”说明了和朋友开玩笑要谨慎小心，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 5．根据上文“If you are making fun of a friend, try to joke about a positive aspect of that person rather than a weakness. If a colleague is always on time, say you set your watch by him or her. If your children write a good paper for school, say they’ll be promoted to a teacher next.(如果你在和朋友开玩笑，试着开那个人积极的一面而不是缺点的玩笑。如果一个同事总是很准时，就说你是根据他/她来调表的。如果你的孩子在学校写了一篇好论文，告诉他们接下来会被提升为老师。)”可知，开玩笑要说积极的一面，C选项“Remember, humor should brighten days, not darken them.(记住，幽默应该照亮你的生活，而不是让你的生活黯淡无光。)”说明了幽默是要照亮生活的，也就是要挑积极的方面来开玩笑，承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 Passage 06 （24-25高二上·安徽宣城·期末）Healthy Winter Habits to Maintain Heálth You can catch a cold or flu any time of the year, but they seem more common during the cooler months. Reduce the chances you’ll contract a serious illness this cold season by following these tips. ●Make handwashing a priority. Preventive measures like washing your hands often can significantly lower your odds of getting sick. Handwashing is even compared to a “do-it-yourself vaccine.” 1 Wash regularly with soap and water for about 20 seconds, especially when handling food, caring for someone sick or after using the restroom. ● 2 Adopting healthy everyday habits means your body is in better condition to fight off potential attacks by germs and combat an illness more effectively if you do get sick. A well-balanced diet that includes moderate portions from each of the major food groups can help ensure you’ re getting the nutrition and nutrients promote a stronger immune system. Getting enough sleep and making sure you’re drinking enough water can also ensure your body is ready for whatever the season brings. ●Stock up on necessary supplies. If you do get sick, the best place for you is at home, where you can nurse yourself back to health. 3 You can keep over-the-counter medications to treat uncomfortable cold and flu symptoms. Be sure to check last year’s leftovers, as some may have expired. ●Relieve bothersome symptoms. 4 Then, you can get back to feeling better. Acough is a common cold symptom, and relieving chest congestion that causes you to cough frequently can make a big difference. If symptoms persist, contact your health care professional. ●Do your part to prevent spreading bacteria. If you do get sick, know you can take steps to protect those around you. Simple acts like covering your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze and using your elbow if you don’t have a tissue can be effective in preventing the spread of bacteria. 5 A．Make overall wellness a way of life. B．Surround yourself with regular workout. C．That means having the essentials on hand. D．It is actually a powerful tool against bacteria. E．There are many options one can try to relieve cold and flu symptoms. F．When you’re under the weather, treating your symptoms lets your body rest. G．It’s also important to keep a distance from others to help prevent the spread of your illness. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍冬季保持健康的方法。 1．由上文“Handwashing is even compared to a “do-it-yourself vaccine.” (洗手甚至被比作一种 “自己动手的疫苗”。)”可知，这里强调洗手的重要性，空格处要进一步说明洗手为何重要，而D项It is actually a powerful tool against bacteria. (它实际上是对抗细菌的有力工具。)符合此处语境，对前文进行了合理的延伸，其中It指代上文Handwashing，有承上作用。故选D项。 2．由下文“Adopting healthy everyday habits means your body is in better condition to fight off potential attacks by germs and combat an illness more effectively if you do get sick. (养成健康的日常习惯意味着你的身体处于更好的状态，能够抵御细菌的潜在攻击，并且如果你真的生病了，也能更有效地对抗疾病。)”可知，此段强调养成健康日常习惯，让整体健康成为一种生活方式，而A项Make overall wellness a way of life. (让整体健康成为一种生活方式。) 能概括该段内容，作为小标题合适。故选A项。 3．由上文“If you do get sick, the best place for you is at home, where you can nurse yourself back to health. (如果你真的生病了，对你来说最好的地方就是在家，在那里你可以调养自己恢复健康。)”以及下文“You can keep over-the-counter medications to treat uncomfortable cold and flu symptoms. (你可以备一些非处方药来治疗不舒服的感冒和流感症状。)”可知，生病在家调养需要有一些必备物品，而C项That means having the essentials on hand. (这意味着手头要有必需品。)承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。 4．由下文“Then, you can get back to feeling better. (然后，你就可以感觉好起来了。)”可知，空格处应说明先做什么才能感觉好起来，而F项When you’re under the weather, treating your symptoms lets your body rest .(当你身体不舒服时，治疗症状能让你的身体得到休息。)符合语境，说明治疗症状让身体休息后才能感觉好起来。故选F项。 5．由上文“Simple acts like covering your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze and using your elbow if you don’t have a tissue can be effective in preventing the spread of bacteria. (像咳嗽或打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住口鼻，没有纸巾时用肘部捂住这样的简单行为，都能有效防止细菌传播。)”可知，此段讲防止细菌传播的方法，而G项It’s also important to keep a distance from others to help prevent the spread of your illness. (与他人保持距离以防止疾病传播也很重要。)进一步阐述防止疾病传播的方法，符合语境。故选G项。 Passage 07 （24-25高二上·河南·阶段练习）If you are planning to visit the USA and want to do like the locals do, follow these tips and you’re sure to fit in comfortably — whether you’re in Boston, New York or San Francisco! 1 Popular culture is a huge influence around the world. 2 . If anything ties us together culturally, it’s probably the TV shows and movies we watch, the celebrity gossip we read in magazines, the sports teams we follow daily. Best to avoid talking about politics, religion or how much people earn unless you are among close friends. Join in strangers’ casual conversations The signature American speaking volume might be a shock at first. Usually, you will be forced to hear strangers’ conversations on public transport, at restaurants, standing in the checkout line. 3 , you will never run out of strange conversations to entertain each other. Show your talent for good deal hunting We Americans aren’t satisfied with a purchase unless we’ re sure we got our money’s worth. So if you find yourself in a MacDonald, look for deals. If your brain tells you that the burger is simply too big, just tell yourself: “Hey, if I don’t get deals, why not take the leftovers to go and eat them for lunch tomorrow? Two meals for the price of one? 4 !” Try to be yourself The US celebrates diversity more than any other place on Earth. Going against norms is in Americans’ blood, which explains the rule of being American: Be yourself. 5 . So when you’re in the US you should do it, too! Luckily for you, foreign accents make you the most interesting person at any party. A．But it is a good deal B．If they talk too loudly C．Find suitable topics to start small talks D．So it is hard not to be exposed to it abroad E．If you put any shyness aside and join in the small talks F．Never mind that you are looking for a winter coat in winter G．Americans value their individuality and show it off unapologetically 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个融入美国社会的技巧。 1．根据下文“If anything ties us together culturally, it’s probably the TV shows and movies we watch, the celebrity gossip we read in magazines, the sports teams we follow daily. Best to avoid talking about politics, religion or how much people earn unless you are among close friends.(如果有什么东西在文化上把我们联系在一起，那可能是我们看的电视节目和电影，我们在杂志上读到的名人八卦，我们每天关注的运动队。最好避免谈论政治、宗教或人们挣多少钱，除非你们是亲密的朋友)”可知，这里主要谈到哪些话题适合闲谈及哪些话题应该回避。所以C项“Find suitable topics to start small talks(找合适的话题开始闲聊)”适合做本段的标题。故选C。 2．根据空前“Popular culture is a huge influence around the world.(流行文化对世界有着巨大的影响)”及空后的具体实例可知，美国流行文化也影响着世界。D项“So it is hard not to be exposed to it abroad(因此，外国人很难不接触到美国流行文化)”正好起到了承前启后的作用。故选D。 3．空前“The signature American speaking volume might be a shock at first.(一开始，美国人标志性的说话音量可能会让人感到震惊)”谈到美国喜欢闲谈，而且声音很大；空后“you will never run out of strange conversations to entertain each other.(你们永远不会没有奇怪的谈话来娱乐彼此)”则提到这些闲谈可以让大家彼此乐呵，所以E项“If you put any shyness aside and join in the small talks (只要你不害羞，加入这些闲聊)”符合。故选E。 4．根据前文“We Americans aren’t satisfied with a purchase unless we’ re sure we got our money’s worth.(我们美国人是不会对买的东西感到满意的，除非我们确信我们花的钱物有所值)”可知，本段主要是谈美国人的嗜好之一：每个交易都得物有所值。所以A项“But it is a good deal(这是一笔不错的交易)”不但呼应了标题，也解释了美国人喜欢打包的原因。故选A。 5．根据空前“Going against norms is in Americans’ blood, which explains the rule of being American: Be yourself.(违背常规是美国人的血液，这就解释了做美国人的原则：做你自己)”及空后“So when you’re in the US you should do it, too! Luckily for you, foreign accents make you the most interesting person at any party. (所以当你在美国的时候，你也应该这样做！幸运的是，外国口音会让你成为任何聚会上最有趣的人)”可知，空项应该是鼓励在美国的外国人理直气壮地展示自我。所以G项“Americans value their individuality and show it off unapologetically (美国人重视他们的个性，并毫不掩饰地炫耀)”符合。故选G。 Passage 08 （23-24高二下·安徽蚌埠·期末）Tricks to Enhance Your Engagement in Charity Work Charitable activities and volunteering play a crucial role in our society, benefiting both the recipients and the volunteers themselves. Engaging in public service can be highly rewarding. 1 Below are some tips for becoming more active in public service. Find Your Passion. Just like any other area in life, it’s essential to discover what you are passionate about when it comes to public service. 2 . For instance, if you’re passionate about education, you might choose to volunteer in a local school or library. 3 Regular engagement in charity work helps build a strong connection and commitment to the cause. Instead of occasional volunteering, establish a routine that fits your schedule. This could be contributing a few hours every weekend or setting specific days for your charitable activities. Spread the Word. Sharing your involvement with friends and family can create a sense of responsibilities. When others are aware of your commitment to public service, you’re more likely to follow through. 4 Collaborate with Others. Many charitable projects benefit from teamwork. Join forces with like-minded individuals or friends to work on projects together. This cooperation not only eases the workload but also enhances the sense of community and shared goals. Set Clear Goals. 5 What do you hope to achieve, and in what time? Setting clear goals can keep you focused and motivated. A．Make It a Routine. B．Engage in Charity Work Daily. C．Clarify your objectives in public service. D．Select a cause or organization that suits you. E．But it requires tricks for a fulfilling experience. F．It can also inspire those around you to get involved. G．However, it makes a meaningful impact on their communities. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何提高你参与慈善工作的技巧。 1．根据上文“Engaging in public service can be highly rewarding.”（参与公共服务可能会有很高的回报。）根据下文“Below are some tips for becoming more active in public service.”（下面是一些在公共服务中变得更积极的建议。）可知，选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文。故E选项“但它需要技巧来获得充实的体验。”切题。故选E项。 2．根据下文“For instance, if you’re passionate about education, you might choose to volunteer in a local school or library.”（例如，如果你对教育充满热情，你可以选择在当地的学校或图书馆做志愿者。）可知，下文是对上文具体的事业和组织的说明。所以上文与事业和组织有关。故D选项个“选择一个适合你的事业或组织。”切题。故选D项。 3．根据下文“Regular engagement in charity work helps build a strong connection and commitment to the cause. Instead of occasional volunteering, establish a routine that fits your schedule.”（定期参与慈善工作有助于建立牢固的联系和对事业的承诺。与其偶尔做志愿者，不如建立一个适合你日程安排的习惯。）可知，本段主要在说要定期做慈善。故A选项“让它成为例行公事”切题。故选A项。 4．根据上文“When others are aware of your commitment to public service, you’re more likely to follow through.”（当别人意识到你对公共服务的承诺时，你更有可能坚持到底）可知，选项成绩上文说明对别人的影响。故F选项“它也可以激励你周围的人参与进来。”切题。故选F项。 5．根据上文“Set Clear Goals.”（设定明确的目标。）下文“What do you hope to achieve, and in what time?”（你希望在什么时间实现什么目标?）可知，选项强调标题且承接下文。故C选项“明确你的公共服务目标”切题。故选C项。 Passage 09 （23-24高一下·山东东营·期末）World Wildlife Day is celebrated each year on March 3rd. This is a day that has the goal of informing the general public about the plants and wild animals in the world. So you can do many things to celebrate this day. As we all know, litter can be harmful to birds, fish, and other wildlife. Therefore, make an effort to pick up any litter that you see. 1 You can visit an aquarium or zoo near you, because aquariums and zoos help a lot with endangered species, allowing their populations to increase. 2 Thus, World Wildlife Day is the perfect day to pay a local aquarium or zoo a visit. If possible, try to learn about the plants and wild animals near you. You can do some research about local wildlife. You can also research some of the threats to these plants and wild animals. 3 For example, if one of the primary threats an animal faces is litter, be sure to deal with it properly, and pick up any litter you see. If you like, you can plant a garden with native tree, bush and flower species. 4 To plant them in the garden accordingly, it is necessary to do some research beforehand on trees, bushes and flowers that are native to your area and where they would grow best. 5 There are a variety of organizations that help wildlife in different ways. If you have a specific species that you’d like to support, or even if you’d just like to help wildlife in general, there might be an organization somewhere that you can join and assist with their efforts. A．Every year, there is a theme for World Wildlife Day. B．If the threat they face is caused by human, try to help reduce it. C．These may be the only places to find certain endangered animals. D．Additionally, it’s a good way to join an organization that helps wildlife. E．These can help provide wild animals with a place where they can shelter. F．Databases online can help us find the plants which are native to our area. G．And you’d better make sure that you reduce the amount of litter you create. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章针对如何保护植物和野生动物，介绍了一些具体做法。 1．上文“As we all know, litter can be harmful to birds, fish, and other wildlife. Therefore, make an effort to pick up any litter that you see.(众所周知，垃圾对鸟类、鱼类和其他野生动物都是有害的。因此，努力捡起你看到的任何垃圾)”建议捡起你看到的对野生动物有害的任何垃圾，选项G“你最好确保减少你制造的垃圾数量。”承接上文，指出进一步保护野生动物的做法，不仅要捡起垃圾，还要减少制造的垃圾数量。故选G项。 2．上文“You can visit an aquarium or zoo near you, because aquariums and zoos help a lot with endangered species, allowing their populations to increase.(你可以参观附近的水族馆或动物园，因为水族馆和动物园对濒危物种有很大帮助，使它们的数量增加)”说明你可以参观附近的水族馆或动物园，这些地方可以使濒危物种数量增加，选项C“这些可能是唯一能找到某些濒危动物的地方。”承接上文，C项中的“These”指代上文中的“aquariums and zoos”。故选C项。 3．上文“You can do some research about local wildlife. You can also research some of the threats to these plants and wild animals.(你可以做一些关于当地野生动物的研究。你也可以研究一些对这些植物和野生动物的威胁)”说明你可以对当地植物和野生动物面临的威胁做一些研究，进而采取一些相应的保护措施，选项B“如果他们面临的威胁是由人类造成的，试着帮助减少它。”承接上文，研究发现威胁是人类造成的话，要采取措施减少威胁。故选B项。 4．上文“If you like, you can plant a garden with native tree, bush and flower species.(如果你喜欢，你可以在花园里种上当地的树木、灌木和花卉)”说明你可以在花园里种上当地的树木、灌木和花卉，选项E“这些可以为野生动物提供一个可以庇护的地方。”承接上文，E项中的“These”指代上文中的“native tree, bush and flower species”。故选E项。 5．下文“There are a variety of organizations that help wildlife in different ways. If you have a specific species that you’d like to support, or even if you’d just like to help wildlife in general, there might be an organization somewhere that you can join and assist with their efforts.(有各种各样的组织以不同的方式帮助野生动物。如果你有一个特定的物种，你想要支持，或者即使你只是想帮助野生动物，也许在某个地方有一个组织，你可以加入并帮助他们的努力)”说明有各种各样帮助野生动物的组织，你可以加入其中一个组织，来保护野生动物。选项D“此外，加入一个帮助野生动物的组织也是一个好方法。”引出下文，是对下文的总结。故选D项。 Passage 10 （23-24高二下·安徽六安·期末）Everyone has to deal with people they disagree with at times. Here are some ways to help you make it. Stay calm and objective. It can be hard not to personalize something. Oftentimes when talking over disagreements, you may have the urge to win an argument. 1 Even if what the other person is saying sounds very unreasonable, don’t hurry to argue. Try to stay calm and look at the situation objectively. Listen to others patiently. Do not interrupt when someone else is speaking. Truly listen to what another person says and try to understand them while you’re listening. 2 Change the subject. You would especially want to change the subject when dealing with a disagreement in the workplace. Actually, you can do it in any situation. 3 You can change the topic by saying, “Yeah, that’s tough. Hey, are you going to the company picnic next weekend?” Look for agreement. 4 When dealing with disagreements, you should try to find a point where you both agree. This can help you figure out how to smooth things over and talk out your differences in a mature manner. 5 When you’re talking out a major disagreement, negative body language may come up accidentally. If you get heated, you may do things like rolling your eyes, sighing or crossing your arms. This will only make the other person feel hurt and frustrated. Be aware of what your body is doing and try to use respectful body language. A．Avoid negative body language. B．It doesn’t help resolve disagreements. C．Try to understand other people’s real meanings. D．However, body language can be unconscious as well. E．You can also ask them not to cut in when it’s your turn. F．For example, some coworkers may bring up a sensitive topic. G．Even someone whose opinions are different from yours may share certain core values. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．G 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。每个人有时都要与意见相左的人打交道，文章介绍了一些方法可以帮助你做到这一点。 1．由小标题“Stay calm and objective. (保持冷静和客观。)”可知与意见相左的人打交道时作者建议一：保持冷静和客观，上文“Oftentimes when talking over disagreements, you may have the urge to win an argument. (通常在谈论分歧时，你可能会有赢得争论的冲动。)”讲的这种情况作者并不赞同，该空应承接上文讲其原因，B选项“这无助于解决分歧。”切合语境。故选B项。 2．由小标题“Listen to others patiently. (耐心地倾听别人的意见。)”可知与意见相左的人打交道时作者建议二：耐心倾听别人的意见，再结合上文“Do not interrupt when someone else is speaking. Truly listen to what another person says and try to understand them while you’re listening. (别人讲话时不要打断。真诚地倾听别人所说的话，并在听的时候试着理解他们。)”讲与意见相左的人打交道时如何耐心倾听别人意见的策略（不打断对方说，认真倾听并理解对方的话），可得出该空承接上文继续讲耐心倾听别人意见的其它策略，E选项“你也可以要求他们在轮到你的时候不要插话。”切合语境，呼应上文“Do not interrupt when someone else is speaking.”，C项“试着理解别人的真正含义。”与上文“try to understand them while you’re listening”语义重复，不合语境。故选E项。 3．由小标题“Change the subject. (换个话题。)”可知与意见相左的人打交道时作者建议三：换个话题，上文“You would especially want to change the subject when dealing with a disagreement in the workplace. Actually, you can do it in any situation. (在处理工作场所的分歧时，你会特别想改变话题。事实上，你可以在任何情况下都这样做。)”和下文“You can change the topic by saying, “Yeah, that’s tough. Hey, are you going to the company picnic next weekend?” (你可以换个话题说：“是的，这很难。嘿，下周末你要去公司野餐吗？”)”可知，该空承接上下文举例说明出现分歧时需要换话题的敏感场合，F选项“例如，一些同事可能会提出一个敏感的话题。”切合语境。故选F项。 4．由小标题“Look for agreement. (寻求一致意见。)”可知与意见相左的人打交道时作者建议四：寻求与意见相左的人的一致意见，再结合下文“When dealing with disagreements, you should try to find a point where you both agree. (在处理分歧时，你应该试着找到一个双方都同意的点。)”可知，你与意见相左的人在某事上也会有都同意的点，G选项“即使是与你意见不同的人，也可能有某些共同的核心价值观。”切合语境。故选G项。 50．该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“When you’re talking out a major disagreement, negative body language may come up accidentally. If you get heated, you may do things like rolling your eyes, sighing or crossing your arms. This will only make the other person feel hurt and frustrated. Be aware of what your body is doing and try to use respectful body language. (当你谈论一个重大分歧时，负面的肢体语言可能会意外出现。如果你被激怒了，你可能会做一些事情，比如翻白眼、叹气或交叉双臂。这只会让对方感到受伤和沮丧。注意你的身体在做什么，并试着使用尊重的肢体语言。)”可知，负面的肢体语言会产生不好的影响，因此与意见相左的人打交道时作者建议五：避免负面的肢体语言，A选项“避免负面的肢体语言。”切合语境。故选A项。 Passage 11 （23-24高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）How to start up a library of things Rather than cluttering (乱推放) our houses, starting up a library of things allows people to borrow and share huge, pricey goods in the neighbourhood. 1 But instead of borrowing books, local people are borrowing drills, pasta makers and guitars for an affordable fee. Here’s how to start your own: Talk to your neighbours 2 Do they feel their home is too cluttered? Do they want to do their bit for the environment and spend less money? Link into local networks and ask people to vote on a “wish list” of items they could borrow. Find a space Start small in someone’s garage or local market to see what items are most popular. Then find space in buildings in urban areas with high footfall (客流量) such as libraries or community hubs. 3 Why start a library of things? We were living in a small house and needed some tools to put up shelves. We didn’t want to own the tools and hiring them was expensive! 4 Inspired by tool libraries in the US and lending libraries in Berlin, we started a small library of things locally and seven years later we’re running five library of things locations across London. What other impact on the local area? We’ve run very successful events led by borrowers such as mending meetups, sewing classes, DIY classes. 5 Borrowers have previously tested out new food businesses at the market by using our items. And for every £10 someone spends on borrowing, £8 stays locally, creating local jobs and supporting the local community spaces. A．Find out if local people need a sharing library. B．The library of things has a variety of effects locally. C．You’ll need some money to set up your sharing library. D．What’s more, we were also discomforted by the waste we made. E．But in suburban and rural areas, a mobile sharing library might be better. F．Speak to others who have done it and are willing to share their knowledge. G．Affordable, convenient and environmental-friendly sharing libraries are popping up. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了开设一家共享物品馆的步骤和它对社会经济产生的积极作用。 1．上文“Rather than cluttering our houses, starting up a library of things allows people to borrow and share huge, pricey goods in the neighbourhood.(与其让我们的房子变得杂乱无章，不如建立一个物品馆，让人们能够在邻里之间借用和分享大型、昂贵的物品)”引入共享物品馆的概念，下文“But instead of borrowing books, local people are borrowing drills, pasta makers and guitars for an affordable fee.(但当地人不是在借书，而是在借用电钻、意大利面制作机和吉他，费用合理)”与空处构成转折关系，表明人们没有去借书而是租借了其他的物品，G项“经济实惠、便捷且环保的共享物品馆正在兴起。” 承上启下，自然过渡到共享物品馆的介绍，符合语境。故选G项。 2．上文“Talk to your neighbours(与你的邻居交谈)”指出要和邻里交流，下文“Do they feel their home is too cluttered? Do they want to do their bit for the environment and spend less money? Link into local networks and ask people to vote on a “wish list” of items they could borrow.(他们是否觉得家里太杂乱？他们是否愿意为环境尽一份力并减少开支？与当地网络联系起来，让人们对一个他们可以借用的物品“愿望清单”进行投票)”列举了可能的对话内容，A项“找出当地居民是否需要一个共享物品馆。”指出与邻居交谈的目的，local people与下文的they相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。 3．上文“Start small in someone’s garage or local market to see what items are most popular. Then find space in buildings in urban areas with high footfall such as libraries or community hubs.(可以从某人的车库或当地市场开始，小规模尝试，看看哪些物品最受欢迎。然后在城市地区人流量大的建筑如图书馆或社区中心找到空间)”指导如何在城市地区寻找场地，E项“但在郊区和农村地区，移动共享图书馆可能更合适。”与上文形成对比，指出在郊区和农村地区的不同策略，符合语境。故选E项。 4．上文“We were living in a small house and needed some tools to put up shelves. We didn’t want to own the tools and hiring them was expensive!(我们当时住在一所小房子里，需要一些工具来搭架子。我们不想拥有这些工具，而且租赁它们很贵！)”描述了创立共享物品馆的动机，D项“更重要的是，我们也被自己产生的浪费困扰。”对创立背景进一步描述，同时也是对小标题“Why start a library of things?(为什么建立物品馆)”原因的举例说明，符合语境。故选D项。 5．上文“We’ve run very successful events led by borrowers such as mending meetups, sewing classes, DIY classes.(我们成功举办了由借阅者主导的各类活动，如修理聚会、缝纫课、DIY课)”描述了共享物品馆产生的积极影响，下文“Borrowers have previously tested out new food businesses at the market by using our items. And for every £10 someone spends on borrowing, £8 stays locally, creating local jobs and supporting the local community spaces.(借用者之前通过使用我们的物品在市场上测试新的食品业务。每借出10英镑，就有8英镑留在当地，创造当地就业机会并支持当地社区空间)”列举了共享物品馆给当地带来的好处，B项“共享物品馆在当地产生了各种影响。”强调了共享物品馆的多方面积极效应，是对下文的概括，符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 12 （23-24高二下·安徽阜阳·期末）Biodiversity doesn’t only revolve around species we consider rare and threatened but around every living being. 1 Here are some ways to protect biodiversity in your backyard garden. Pesticides are known to be poisonous to humans, animals, and the Earth. Thus, to protect biodiversity in your yard, avoid using harmful and poisonous chemicals. 2 These organic fertilizers provide the necessary nutrients needed for plant growth without harming the Earth. Prevention is the best way to discourage and deal with pests and diseases. Check your plants regularly for unwanted visitors. Another way to protect biodiversity in your garden is to create various habitats. To do so, you can choose to plant fruit trees or berry bushes and add a bird feeder or other open water sources. Perennials (多年生植物) can provide shelter for some species. 3 Plants grow better in their native habitats, where climate and soil are perfect for their development and growth. Plants also form symbiotic (共生的) relationships with other native plants that help them spread their seeds and discourage pests and diseases. 4 Easier to build such relationships, native plants require fewer resources to grow healthily compared to non-native plants. 5 Plants that aren’t native to your area can be invasive (侵入性的), take over your garden, and threaten the growth and survival of native plants. Their removal provides space for native plants to develop. These plants are part of the local ecosystem in your garden and provide habitat for other animals. A．Instead, turn to natural pest control and natural fertilizers. B．Insects aren’t the only reason for the great damage to your plants. C．Creating a flowering wall is a good way to beautify your backyard. D．Relationships like this help native plants defend themselves naturally. E．Balanced biodiversity in your yard positively impacts the environment. F．Removing invasive and non-native plants leaves more space for other plants. G．Even a dead tree can also serve as a habitat for insects, birds, and other animals. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在自己的院子里打造健康的自然生态系统，保护生物多样性。 1．上文“Biodiversity doesn’t only revolve around species we consider rare and threatened but around every living being.(生物多样性不仅仅以我们所认为的稀有以及濒临灭绝的物种为中心，而且和每一种生物都息息相关。)”和下文的“Here are some ways to protect biodiversity in your backyard garden.(以下是一些在你的花园里保护生物多样性的方法)”可推知，设空处应与花园里的生物多样性有关，E项“院子里的生物多样性达到平衡，会对环境产生积极的影响”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据上文的“Pesticides are known to be poisonous to humans, animals, and the Earth. Thus, to protect biodiversity in your yard, avoid using harmful and poisonous chemicals.(众所周知，杀虫剂对人类、动物以及地球都是有毒的。因此，为了保护院子里的生物多样性，应该避免使用有毒和有害的化学物质)”和下文“These organic fertilizers provide the necessary nutrients needed for plant growth without harming the Earth.(这些有机肥料提供了植物生长所必需的营养，但不会危害地球)”可知，空格处引出如何避免使用有毒和有害的化学物质，也就是应对方法，A项“相反，可以转用天然的害虫防治手段和天然肥料。”符合题意。故选A。 3．根据本段第一句“Another way to protect biodiversity in your garden is to create various habitats.(另一种保护花园生物多样性的方法是创造各种栖息地。)”可知本段的主旨是保护花园里的生物多样性需要在花园里创造一些栖息地，且根据设空处前一句讲到的“Perennials (多年生植物) can provide shelter for some species.(多年生植物可以为一些物种提供庇护场所)”可知空格处列举一些提供栖息地的例子，将答案定位为G项“枯树甚至也能为昆虫、鸟类和其他动物提供栖息地。”，habitat 是同词复现。故选G。 4．根据上文讲到“Plants grow better in their native habitats, where climate and soil are perfect for their development and growth. Plants also form symbiotic (共生的) relationships with other native plants that help them spread their seeds and discourage pests and diseases. (植物在它们的原生栖息地生长得更好，那里的气候和土壤非常适合它们的生长和发育。植物还与其他本地植物形成共生关系，帮助它们传播种子，防止病虫害。)”由此可以推知空格处填入这种关系带来的影响，D项“像这样的共生关系天然地有助于植物保护自己”符合语境，D项中的Relationships指代的就是上文的symbiotic relationships。故选D。 5．根据下文“Plants that aren’t native to your area can be invasive (侵入性的), take over your garden, and threaten the growth and survival of native plants. Their removal provides space for native plants to develop. These plants are part of the local ecosystem in your garden and provide habitat for other animals.(你所在地区的非本地植物可能会入侵，占据你的花园，威胁本地植物的生长和生存。它们的移除为本地植物的生长提供了空间。这些植物是你花园中当地生态系统的一部分，并为其他动物提供栖息地。)”可知，本段主要讲外来植物入侵会对本地植物造成危害，F项“清除入侵植物和外来植物从而为其他植物留下更多空间”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 13 （23-24高二下·安徽六安·期末）Language Learner Habits to Avoid Successful language learners do the kind of things the unsuccessful ones don’t and avoid the ones that unsuccessful ones do! This article is about language learning habits that successful learners avoid. Always being distracted. Being distracted by noises, people walking past or your own thoughts will take you away from being present. Presence is of fundamental importance in learning. 1 Study can’t make up for a lack of presence — nothing can. Only talking the talk. There is little point in making plans or talking about what you are going to do if you do not follow through. 2 You need to walk the talk. If you are only talking the talk, maybe it has to do with one of the other habits mentioned below! 3 We can all get lazy if we are doing things that are not inspiring us. Who gets lazy when they are courting a partner? Who gets lazy with things they love doing? Laziness is a sign that something has to change. Forcing yourself to persist will only last for so long, before it gives way to more laziness. Giving up. “The most certain way to succeed,” Thomas Edison once said, “is always to try just one more time.” 4 And often, it comes after first failing time and time again. If you are doing any of these, my suggestion is to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices. 5 A．Giving in to laziness. B．Learning to get rid of laziness. C．In a sense, we do learn by trial and error. D．Once you do, you will be heading in a better direction. E．Success, however you define it, never comes from not trying. F．Action is what will produce results, not just words or thoughts. G．Without that, you cannot notice the things that can help you to improve. 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．A 4．E 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言学习者要避免的几个语言学习习惯，比如总是分心、只是说说而已以及轻易放弃等。 1．根据段落主题句“Always being distracted.(总是分心)”可知，该段的主要内容与“分心”有关。空处上一句“Presence is of fundamental importance in learning.(专注对学习至关重要)”介绍“不分心”对学习的重要性，空处下一句“Study can’t make up for a lack of presence — nothing can.(学习不能弥补注意力的分散——没有什么可以)”也在强调没有什么可以弥补注意力的分散。因此设空处应该同样介绍注意力的重要性。分析选项内容可知，G项“心不在焉的话，你就不会注意到那些能帮助你进步的事情。”符合语境；G项中的that 指代上文中的Presence。故选G。 2．根据上文“Only talking the talk. There is little point in making plans or talking about what you are going to do if you do not follow through.(只说不做。如果你不坚持到底，制定计划或谈论你要做什么就没有什么意义了)”以及后文“You need to walk the talk. If you are only talking the talk, maybe it has to do with one of the other habits mentioned below!(你需要言行一致。如果你只是说说而已，也许这与下面提到的其他习惯之一有关！)”本段主要介绍 “只说不做”这一不好的语言学习习惯。空前内容指出只有计划没有行动是没意义的，空后强调了行动的重要性。F项“行动才会产生结果，而不仅仅是靠言语或想法”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 3．空处为段落主旨句，应与其他段落的主旨句在形式上保持一致，同时在内容上应概括介绍一种不好的语言学习习惯。根据下文“We can all get lazy if we are doing things that are not inspiring us. Who gets lazy when they are courting a partner? Who gets lazy with things they love doing? Laziness is a sign that something has to change. Forcing yourself to persist will only last for so long, before it gives way to more laziness.(如果我们做的事情不能激励我们，我们都会变得懒惰。谁在追求伴侣的时候会变得懒惰呢?谁会对自己喜欢做的事情偷懒呢?懒惰是需要改变的信号。强迫自己坚持只会持续很长时间，在它让位于更多的懒惰之前)”可知，本段主要介绍“懒惰”相关的内容。因此A项“屈服于懒惰”概括了本段主旨。故选A。 4．根据上文“Giving up. “The most certain way to succeed,” Thomas Edison once said, “is always to try just one more time.”(放弃。托马斯·爱迪生曾经说过：“成功最可靠的方法就是再试一次。”)”空前内容提到Thomas Edison的有关成功的名言。E项“不尝试就永远不会成功——不论你如何定义它。”可以承接上文；succeed和Success是同根词复现。同时，E项中的(it) never comes与下文的it comes是对比的逻辑关系。故选E。 5．空处上一句“If you are doing any of these, my suggestion is to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices.(如果你正在做这些，我的建议是更仔细地看看你是否可以摆脱这些做法)”鼓励人们要摆脱上文中提到的不良习惯，D项“一旦你这样做了，你就会向着更好的方向前进。”承接上文内容(do指代上文的 to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices)。故选D。 Passage 14 （23-24高二上·安徽·期末）When it comes to traveling with kids, whether it’s a short weekend getaway — a road trip or a luxurious camping adventure, the challenges increase. 1 . They will ensure you’re well-prepared for any situation. Travel at your family’s pace（节奏） 2 , but that’s perfectly fine. Take the opportunity to explore together at a pace that suits your family. It’s about the experience, so you can plan one main activity and leave the rest of the day for exploration. Involve kids in the planning process It’s a great idea to engage your children in the vacation planning process. 3 . You can make it fun by creating family flashcards with interesting facts about the places you’ll visit. This not only gets them excited but also educates them about the approaching adventure. 4 Traveling to new places can be a fantastic educational experience for both parents and kids. The educational travel has gained popularity, with hotels and tour companies offering experiences that teach something new. Encourage your children to explore their interests and choose activities and trips that satisfy their curiosity. Plan with a travel company Planning a trip with kids can be quite challenging. While some parents enjoy organizing every detail, others find it stressful. Using a travel company can ease the burden of coordination (协调), allowing you to focus on other pre-trip tasks. 5 A．The following are some practical tips B．Use travel as an educational opportunity C．Research experiences of fellow travelers D．It provides peace of mind during your journey E．You don’t necessarily have to hand them a globe F．Family travel might be different from traveling alone G．It’s a convenient option for families with busy schedules 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家庭旅行的建议。 1．由上文“When it comes to traveling with kids, whether it’s a short weekend getaway—a road trip or a luxurious camping adventure, the challenges increase. (当和孩子一起旅行时，无论是一个短暂的周末旅行——公路旅行，还是一次豪华的露营冒险，挑战都会增加。)”和后文“They will ensure you’re well-prepared for any situation. (它们会确保你对任何情况都做好了充分的准备。)”可知，本空要说跟“露营的提示、建议”有关的话题，故A选项“The following are some practical tips (以下是一些实用技巧)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。 2．由下文“Take the opportunity to explore together at a pace that suits your family. It’s about the experience, so you can plan one main activity and leave the rest of the day for exploration. (抓住机会，以适合你的家庭的节奏一起探索。重要的是体验，所以你可以计划一个主要活动，剩下的时间去探索。)”可知，本空要说跟“家庭的节奏”有关的话题，故F选项“Family travel might be different from traveling alone (家庭旅行可能与独自旅行不同)”能引起下文，指出家庭旅行要有家庭旅行的节奏，符合题意。故选F。 3．由上文“It’s a great idea to engage your children in the vacation planning process. (让你的孩子参与到假期计划的过程中来是个好主意。)”可知，本空要说跟“孩子参与假期计划”有关的话题，由后文“You can make it fun by creating family flashcards with interesting facts about the places you’ll visit. This not only gets them excited but also educates them about the approaching adventure. (你可以制作家庭抽认卡，上面写着你要去的地方的趣闻轶事，让旅行变得有趣起来。这不仅能让他们兴奋，还能让他们了解即将到来的冒险。)”可知，本空要说跟“假期计划的地点”有关的话题，故E选项“You don’t necessarily have to hand them a globe (你不一定要递给他们一个地球仪)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 4．由下文“Traveling to new places can be a fantastic educational experience for both parents and kids. The educational travel has gained popularity, with hotels and tour companies offering experiences that teach something new. Encourage your children to explore their interests and choose activities and trips that satisfy their curiosity. (到新的地方旅行对父母和孩子来说都是一次奇妙的教育经历。教育旅游越来越受欢迎，酒店和旅游公司提供教新东西的体验。鼓励你的孩子探索他们的兴趣，选择满足他们好奇心的活动和旅行。)”可知，本空要说跟“旅行的教育”有关的话题，故B选项“Use travel as an educational opportunity (利用旅行作为教育机会)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。 5．由上文“Planning a trip with kids can be quite challenging. While some parents enjoy organizing every detail, others find it stressful. Using a travel company can ease the burden of coordination (协调), allowing you to focus on other pre-trip tasks. (计划一次带孩子的旅行是很有挑战性的。一些家长喜欢整理每一个细节，而另一些家长则觉得压力很大。使用旅游公司可以减轻协调的负担，让你专注于旅行前的其他任务。)”可知，本空要说跟“旅游公司减轻负担”有关的话题，故G选项“It’s a convenient option for families with busy schedules (对于日程繁忙的家庭来说，这是一个方便的选择)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 Passage 15 （24-25高二上·河南南阳·期末）We will all experience some traces of self-doubt, that is natural. But living with self-doubt can be very challenging. It limits potential and breaks morale (士气). 1 Self-compassion is the key. We often doubt ourselves when we have the fear of losing, but that is a great mistake we make. Everyone will make mistakes at some point in their lives, but we have to grow from those mistakes and transform them into a lesson. 2 Begin your day with a positive attitude. Look at yourself in the mirror and say some positive words. 3 Remember the time when you achieved something outstanding? Self-reflection is one of the best tools to kill self-doubt. It makes you remember that you once achieved something great, and it makes you believe that you can achieve that level of success again through concentrated efforts. Take a moment regularly to look back on your past glories and use them as stepping stones to push you forward, rather than allowing self-doubt to overshadow your potential and hold you back. Always be in the company of supportive people. “You are known by the company you keep”, is one of the best sayings to explain this strategy. We should be surrounded by people that support and love us, not people that constantly make us doubt ourselves. Being around negative people is very bad for our mental health. When you are in the company of good people, you will always be encouraged to be better. 4 Seek professional help if necessary. Sometimes the situation can become too much to handle. This is the time when we should seek professional help. 5 But once handled properly, it won’t bother you anymore. Talk about your feelings often, and let all the negative emotions out. This will make you feel a lot better. Love yourself more and your problems will start decreasing! A．Reflect back on your past achievements. B．Being surrounded by them invites low spirits. C．Here are some tips for you to live with self-doubt. D．Learn from mistakes and try your hardest to be better. E．Self-doubt can become a constant drag if not taken care of. F．They will help you recover from negative and stressful situations. G．The following are some strategies you can employ to overcome self-doubt. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了可以用来克服自我怀疑的策略。 1．根据上文“But living with self-doubt can be very challenging. It limits potential and breaks morale (士气)(但是带着自我怀疑生活是非常具有挑战性的。它限制了潜能，挫伤了士气)”以及下文提供的策略内容可知，选项承上启下。故G选项“以下是一些你可以用来克服自我怀疑的策略”切题。故选G项。 2．根据上文“Everyone will make mistakes at some point in their lives, but we have to grow from those mistakes and transform them into a lesson.(每个人都会在人生的某个阶段犯错误，但我们必须从这些错误中成长，并把它们转化为教训)”可知，选项承接上文鼓励从失败中学习。故D选项“从错误中学习，尽最大努力变得更好”切题。故选D项。 3．根据下文“Remember the time when you achieved something outstanding? Self-reflection is one of the best tools to kill self-doubt. It makes you remember that you once achieved something great, and it makes you believe that you can achieve that level of success again through concentrated efforts.  Take a moment regularly to look back on your past glories and use them as stepping stones to push you forward, rather than allowing self-doubt to overshadow your potential and hold you back.(还记得你取得杰出成就的时候吗？自我反省是消除自我怀疑的最佳工具之一。它会让你记住你曾经取得过的伟大成就，它会让你相信，通过集中努力，你可以再次取得同样的成功。经常花点时间回顾你过去的辉煌，把它们作为推动你前进的垫脚石，而不是让自我怀疑掩盖你的潜力，阻碍你前进)”可知，本段主要讲要回顾一下你过去的成就。故A选项“回顾一下你过去的成就”切题。故选A项。 4．根据上文“When you are in the company of good people, you will always be encouraged to be better.( 当你和优秀的人在一起时，你总是会被鼓励变得更好)”可知，选项承接上个说明和优秀的人在一起的作用。故F选项“他们会帮助你从消极和紧张的情况中恢复过来”切题。故选F项。 5．根据上文“Sometimes the situation can become too much to handle. This is the time when we should seek professional help.(有时情况会变得难以处理。这是我们应该寻求专业帮助的时候)”可知，选项承接上文说明如果不寻求专业帮助的后果。故E选项“如果不加以处理，自我怀疑会一直拖累你”切题。故选E项。 Passage 16 （24-25高二上·河南商丘·期末）Getting work done, meeting deadlines and being productive 100% of the time are difficult for everyone. 1 . Luckily, here are several ways you can improve your time management skills. Create a daily schedule to organize tasks. Use a calendar or a piece of paper for scheduling. Map out exactly how you want to use your time each day, leaving nothing out of your schedule. 2 . For example, start your schedule with something like, “7:30AM-8:00 AM: Wake up and eat breakfast.” 3 . It’s hard to get things done when you’re doing too many things at once. As you cross things off your to-do list, keep your mind focused on the task at hand. Shut out thoughts about your other responsibilities and avoid going back and forth between unrelated duties. Take short breaks so you don’t burn out. You can’t work or be productive 24 hours a day. Schedule breaks throughout your day to give yourself some time to rest and relax. A break allows you to recharge and come back to a task with a fresh viewpoint. 4 , like drawing a picture, playing the guitar, or playing a game of chess on your phone. Say no to extra projects if your plate is full. 5 . Be realistic when agreeing to new responsibilities, keeping what you have to get done already in mind. For example, if your schedule is fully booked with classes and soccer practice during the school week, it may not be the best time to join another club. A．Concentrate on one task at a time B．Set clear and measurable weekly goals C．You don’t have to feel bad about relaxing D．It’s easy to take on more than you can finish E．It’s even harder if you struggle with time management F．Include how much time you would like to spend on each task G．Try to do something on your break that is unrelated to your task 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．A 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了一些时间管理技巧。 1．根据空前“Getting work done, meeting deadlines and being productive 100% of the time are difficult for everyone.(对每个人来说，完成工作、按时完成任务、100%高效工作都是很困难的。)”可知，完美的完成工作对每个人来说很困难，结合空后的“Luckily, here are several ways you can improve your time management skills.(幸运的是，这里有几个方法可以提高你的时间管理技能。)”可知，此空应是承上启下的作用，引出要讲述的与“时间管理”相关的内容，E选项“It’s even harder if you struggle with time management(如果你在时间管理方面遇到困难，那就更难了)”中的harder对应空前的difficult，且其中的time management引出下文讲述的time management skills，符合语境。故选E项。 2．根据空前“Map out exactly how you want to use your time each day, leaving nothing out of your schedule.(精确规划你每天想要如何利用时间，确保所有活动都包含在你的日程中。)”可知，此处建议将所有要做的事情都做好时间安排，结合空后“For example, start your schedule with something like, “7:30AM-8:00 AM: Wake up and eat breakfast.”(例如，你可以这样开始你的时间表：“7：30 AM - 8：00 AM：起床并吃早餐。”)”可知，列出的时间安排中包括事件以及完成的时间，由此可知，此空应进一步讲述如何制定日程表，F选项“Include how much time you would like to spend on each task(包括你想在每项任务上花多少时间)”进一步阐述日程表的内容，且与空后列举的事例吻合，符合语境。故选F项。 3．此处为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句，此空应为祈使句，根据下文“It’s hard to get things done when you’re doing too many things at once. As you cross things off your to-do list, keep your mind focused on the task at hand.(当你一次做太多事情时，很难把事情做好。在你从待办事项列表中划掉任务时，保持你的注意力集中在手头的任务上。)”可知，本段建议一次只做一件事情，并且注意力集中在手头的任务上面，A选项“Concentrate on one task at a time(一次只做一件事)”为祈使句，且讲述的内容概括了本段的主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 4．根据本段的小标题“Take short breaks so you don’t burn out.(休息一会儿，这样你就不会筋疲力尽。)”以及空前“A break allows you to recharge and come back to a task with a fresh viewpoint.(休息可以让你充电，带着全新的视角重新开始工作。)”可知，此处建议在工作期间要休息，这样不会让你筋疲力尽，结合空后的半句话“like drawing a picture, playing the guitar, or playing a game of chess on your phone.(比如画画，弹吉他，或者在手机上下棋。)”可知，此处应是与任务不相关的事情，G选项“Try to do something on your break that is unrelated to your task(试着在休息时间做一些与任务无关的事情)”与本段的主题吻合，且与空后列举的事情吻合，符合语境。故选G项。 5．根据本段小标题“Say no to extra projects if your plate is full.(如果你的日程已经排满了，就要学会拒绝额外的项目。)”及空后“Be realistic when agreeing to new responsibilities, keeping what you have to get done already in mind.(同意承担新责任时要现实一点，记住你必须完成的事情。)”可知，本段建议学会拒绝日程之外的项目，D选项“It’s easy to take on more than you can finish(你很容易承担超出能力范围的事情)”讲述的内容与本段的主题吻合，承担更多超出能力范围的事情很简单，但还是现实一点，学会拒绝，量力而行，其中的“more than you can finish”与主题句中的“extra projects”意义一致，且与空后的“new responsibilities”指代内容一致，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 17 （24-25高三上·山西晋城·期末）How to Be a Good Passenger With masses of cars on the road, it is time to consider the traffic safety as a car passenger. It will be safer as long as you follow the following advice. Be safe. 1 Do not wait for the driver to tell you to put it on, or refuse to put it on when asked to. 2 You can advise the driver on the route navigation (导航), but you don’t shout or advise on turns, which can cause the driver to panic or make a sudden turn, leading to a possible accident. Do not be a rude backseat driver. When commenting on someone’s driving, offer a constructive and friendly suggestion. Do not, however, attack the driver about his driving, especially if he is inexperienced. 3 Do not distract (使分心) the driver. It is helpful for the driver if you want to tell him about a better and faster route. 4 However, talking for too long or too loudly or singing along to the radio music can distract the driver and possibly cause an accident. Do not tolerate high speed. If the driver is going above the speed limit, do not immediately shout at him. 5 However, if you can see the driver speeding consciously and unsafely, you have the full right to advise the driver to slow down and drive more carefully, to make all the passengers feel safe. A．Guide with respect and consideration. B．Do up your seat belt the moment you get in the car. C．If the driver needs to concentrate, turn the radio down. D．Also, talking to the driver helps stop him feeling sleepy. E．Prevent the driver from putting the passengers’ lives in danger. F．He may not be aware of it and just need a reminder to slow down. G．Let him take his time and drive in the way he feels most comfortable. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就在乘车过程中应该如何保证安全，给出了一些实用的建议。 1．本段小标题为“Be safe(保证安全)”，此空位于段落首句，应该总领全段，说明如何保证安全。根据下文“Do not wait for the driver to tell you to put it on, or refuse to put it on when asked to.(不要等司机告诉你才系上它，或者在被要求系上的时候拒绝系上它。)”可知，其中it指代上文空白处的内容，由此可推测出此处是指系上安全带，选项B“你一上车就系好安全带”符合语境。故选B。 2．此空位于段落首句，应该总领全段。根据下文“You can advise the driver on the route navigation (导航), but you don’t shout or advise on turns, which can cause the driver to panic or make a sudden turn, leading to a possible accident.(你可以给司机提供路线导航的建议，但不要大喊大叫或建议转弯，这可能会导致司机恐慌或突然转弯，从而可能引发事故。)”可知，本段建议乘客给司机提建议时要有礼貌，要尊重司机，选项A“以尊重和体谅为指导”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上文“Do not, however, attack the driver about his driving, especially if he is inexperienced.(然而，不要攻击司机的驾驶技术，尤其是如果他经验不足的话。)”可知，下文应该会说明对待经验不足的司机应该怎么做，选项G“让他慢慢来，以他觉得最舒服的方式开车”符合语境。故选G。 4．根据上文“It is helpful for the driver if you want to tell him about a better and faster route.(如果你想告诉司机一条更好更快的路线，这对司机是有帮助的。)”和下文“However, talking for too long or too loudly or singing along to the radio music can distract the driver and possibly cause an accident.(然而，说话时间过长或声音过大，或者跟着收音机里的音乐唱歌，都会分散司机的注意力，并可能导致事故。)”可知，上下文之间为转折关系，且都提到了和司机说话，所以空白处应该也与和司机说话有关，选项D“此外，和司机说话有助于防止他感到困倦”符合语境，且其中的Also表示递进关系，承接上文。故选D。 5．根据上文“If the driver is going above the speed limit, do not immediately shout at him.(如果司机超速了，不要立即对他大喊大叫。)”和下文“However, if you can see the driver speeding consciously and unsafely, you have the full right to advise the driver to slow down and drive more carefully, to make all the passengers feel safe.(然而，如果你能看到司机有意识地、不安全地超速行驶，你完全有权建议司机减速，更加小心地驾驶，让所有乘客感到安全。)”可知，此处是说有时司机可能没意识到自己超速了，只是需要提醒，选项F“他可能没有意识到这一点，只是需要提醒他减速”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 18 （24-25高二上·云南玉溪·阶段练习）If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 1 Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back. 2 Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 3 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 4 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 5 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don’t have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder. A．Stop to have a rest now and then. B．Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C．This depends on the type of book you are reading. D．Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E．Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F．The book should be at the right distance from your eyes. G．You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．B 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。 1．根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. (如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，你阅读的速度可能不是很重要。但是如果你为了学习需要大量阅读，你就会体会到快速阅读的好处。)”和下文应提出的快速阅读的方法，D选项“这里有一些建议可以帮助你提高阅读速度。”承上启下，符号语境，故选D。 2．根据上文“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back. (在你打开书之前，确保你是舒适的。你需要一个能支撑你背部的座位。)”和下文“Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. (保持房间凉爽而不是温暖，以免感到困倦。)”可知本段主要是关于读书时要创造舒适的环境，所以F选项“书应该放在离眼睛适当的距离。”符合题意，和上下文紧密连接，故选F。 3．设空处为段首句，应该是概况本段内容。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.(看目录、前言、章节标题等。这将帮助你决定你是真的需要读整本书还是只读其中的某些部分。从长远来看，这样花十分钟可以节省你很多时间。)”可知本段介绍如何快速浏览这本书的大概内容，B选项“花几分钟浏览一下这本书。”符合本段主旨大意，故选B。 4．根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. (如果你决定要读整本书，那就决定一次能读多少。)”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. (一本以故事形式讲述事实的历史书比一本讲述科学主题的书更容易阅读。)”可知一次读书多少的量取决于这本书的类型，C选项“这取决于你读的书的类型。”符合题意，故选C。 5．根据上文“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. (总是在你身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。)”可推知下文应是说这样做的用途，E选项“把任何特别重要的一页都记下来。”符合题意，故选E。 Passage 19 （23-24高二上·云南·期末）All living things need clean, fresh water to survive. Ninety-seven percent of the water on earth is in the ocean. The salt in the ocean water makes it unusable for drinking. Another two percent is frozen in the ice caps and glaciers on the Earth. 1 There are many factors that affect the amount of water available for you. Where you live, the amount of rain that falls, and how water is collected and reserved all affect the amount of cool, clear water available. One factor that we can’t change is where it will rain. The amount of rain an area receives affects the amount of water available for use. Some major cities are located in areas where they can get water from the ground. 2 Those places with no water readily available must pipe water in from far away. According to a study done by the state of California, the average person uses over one hundred gallons of water per day. Water is used for drinking, taking a shower or bath, brushing teeth, washing hands, cleaning dishes, doing laundry, and flushing toilets. 3 No matter where you live, there are many ways you can help conserve water. Today, we have many helpful tools to help us save water. There are low-flow shower heads and faucets(水龙头), dishwashers and washing machines that use up to 50% less water. 4 There are many other ways you can help. 5 Take a shower rather than a bath. It’s also important to fix leaky faucets. If you find one, let your parents know. A good way to have cool water available all the time is to keep a pitcher in the fridge. This way you won’t have to wait for the water in the pipes to bring you colder water to drink. Only run your clothes washer and dishwasher when they are full. This can save hundreds of gallons of water a year. All of these will help to conserve water. Leaning to use it wisely will ensure that it will always be available. So, make a fuss and conserve water. It’s worth it! A．Using water wisely is important. B．Water is an important natural resource. C．Don’t leave the water running when you brush your teeth. D．Other areas use surface water from lakes, rivers, or streams. E．This leaves one percent of the water on Earth available for us to use. F．Installing these items in your home is the first line of defense against wasting water. G．Wherever we live, we must be careful with the polluted water we have in our part of the world. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了影响我们可用水的因素以及几种节约用水的方法和建议。 1．根据上文的“All living things need clean, fresh water to survive. Ninety-seven percent of the water on earth is in the ocean. The salt in the ocean water makes it unusable for drinking. Another two percent is frozen in the ice caps and glaciers on the Earth.(所有生物都需要干净、新鲜的水才能生存。地球上7%的水都在海洋中。海水中的盐分使它不能饮用。另外2%被冻结在地球上的冰帽和冰川中。)”和下文的“There are many factors that affect the amount of water available for you. Where you live, the amount of rain that falls, and how water is collected and reserved all affect the amount of cool, clear water available.(有很多因素会影响你能得到的水。你居住的地方，降雨量，以及水的收集和储存方式都会影响到凉爽、清澈的水的数量。)”可知，E项(这使得地球上只有1%的水可供我们使用。)承接上文，说明了人类可以使用的水并不多，下文指出在这1%的水中还有许多因素影响人们可用的水。故选E项。 2．根据上文的“One factor that we can’t change is where it will rain. The amount of rain an area receives affects the amount of water available for use. Some major cities are located in areas where they can get water from the ground.(我们不能改变的一个因素是下雨的地点。一个地区的降雨量影响着可用水量。一些大城市位于可以从地下取水的地区。)”和下文的“Those places with no water readily available must pipe water in from far away.(那些没有可用水的地方必须从很远的地方用管道输水。)”可知，D项(其他地区使用来自湖泊、河流或溪流的地表水。)与上下文连接通顺，指出了不同地区获得用水的来源。故选D项。 3．根据上文的“According to a study done by the state of California, the average person uses over one hundred gallons of water per day. Water is used for drinking, taking a shower or bath, brushing teeth, washing hands, cleaning dishes, doing laundry, and flushing toilets. (根据加利福尼亚州的一项研究，平均每人每天使用超过100加仑的水。水用于饮用、淋浴或洗澡、刷牙、洗手、洗碗、洗衣服和冲厕所。)”可知，该州的人均用水量是比较大的，因此A项(合理地用水是很重要的。)承接上文，说明了，合理用水的必要性。故选A项。 4．根据上文的“No matter where you live, there are many ways you can help conserve water. Today, we have many helpful tools to help us save water. There are low-flow shower heads and faucets, dishwashers and washing machines that use up to 50% less water. (无论你住在哪里，都有很多方法可以帮助节约用水。今天，我们有许多有用的工具来帮助我们节约用水。有低流量的淋浴喷头和水龙头，洗碗机和洗衣机的用水量最多可减少50%。)”可知，F项(在家里安装这些设备是防止浪费水的第一道防线。)承接上文，强调安装上文提到的节约用水设备的必要性。故选F项。 5．根据上文的“There are many other ways you can help. (还有很多其他的方法你可以帮助节约用水。)”和下文的“Take a shower rather than a bath. It’s also important to fix leaky faucets. If you find one, let your parents know. A good way to have cool water available all the time is to keep a pitcher in the fridge. This way you won’t have to wait for the water in the pipes to bring you colder water to drink. Only run your clothes washer and dishwasher when they are full. This can save hundreds of gallons of water a year.(用淋浴代替泡澡。修理漏水的水龙头也很重要。如果你找到了，告诉你的父母。让冷水随时可用的一个好方法是在冰箱里放一个水罐。这样你就不用等水管里的水给你带来更冷的水喝了。洗衣机和洗碗机满了的时候再开动。这样每年可以节省数百加仑的水。 )”可知，C项(刷牙的时候不要让水开着。)承接上文，举例说明了一种节约用水的方法，下文继续举例说明节约用水的方法。故选C项。 Passage 20 （24-25高二上·河南漯河·期末）With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our ‘to do’ list. 1 The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think-no matter who you are, or when you like to work out. 2 Many of us have more free time in the morning compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. A 2010 study conducted by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports found that participants who exercised in the morning, increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could burn more fat and increase metabolism (新陈代谢) too. So, good news for early birds, but what if you’re not a morning person? Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones. 3 Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance. But does any of this change depend on whether you’re a man or a woman? Our bodies are different, after all, so the best time to exercise may be different. A 2022 study from Skidmore College, New York, looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences. 4 Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man? Evening is better for you. But, ultimately, the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day. So what time is best? 5 . A．So does your amount of exercise count? B．Want to lose weight and be more charming? C．There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning. D．It seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you! E．Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman? F．For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon. G．So could exercising at certain times help maximize our fitness goals? 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．E 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一天中的最佳锻炼时间 1．上文“With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our ‘to do’ list. (在我们已经忙碌的生活中，找时间锻炼就像是我们“要做”的清单上的另一件事。)”提到了锻炼的问题，下文“The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think - no matter who you are, or when you like to work out. (答案是肯定的，但这比你想象的要容易——不管你是谁，也不管你喜欢什么时候锻炼。)”是对有关锻炼问题的一个回答，选项G中exercising是关键词与上文呼应，所以G选项“那么，在特定的时间锻炼能帮助我们达到最大的健身目标吗？”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。 2．下文“A 2010 study conducted by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports found that participants who exercised in the morning, increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could burn more fat and increase metabolism (新陈代谢)too. (《斯堪的纳维亚体育医学与科学杂志》在2010年进行的一项研究发现，早上锻炼的参与者，在一天中增加体力活动，更少被食物分散注意力，睡眠更好。早餐前空腹锻炼可以燃烧更多的脂肪，促进新陈代谢。)”提到了晨练的好处，选项C中exercising in the morning是关键词，与下文呼应，所以C选项“早上锻炼有明显的好处。”能概括下文内容。故选C项。 3．上文“Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones. (在下午或晚上锻炼也有好处，只是好处不同。)”提到了下午或晚上锻炼，选项F中in the afternoon是关键词，与上文呼应，所以F选项“例如，你身体的工作能力在下午达到顶峰。”能承接上文。故选F项。 4．下文“Exercise in the morning. (早晨锻炼。)”提到了早晨锻炼，继续说“Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man? Evening is better for you. (想要改善你的心脏健康，而你是一个男人？晚上对你比较合适。)”提到了晚上锻炼，此处上下文是表对比的关系，所以E选项“如果你是女性，想要降低血压？”能与下文构成对比关系。故选E项。 5．上文“So what time is best? (那么什么时间最合适呢？)”是询问时间，所以D选项“答案似乎是：任何时间对你来说都是最好的！”是对上文的回答，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 21 （24-25高二上·辽宁·阶段练习）Most students, regardless of age or background, truly enjoy participating in art. The appealing aspects of art are what draw our attention and keep us intently focused. Integrating art into the classroom is no different. Students who participate in art strengthen their focus skills. 1 For visual art, that problem may be determining which art tools or materials will effectively create the picture that they have in their minds. For performance art, students may need accurate timing to come in on cue. Regardless of the art medium, students must stay in tune with what is happening in order to successfully complete their work. In continuing with student enjoyment of art, students find art as an outlet for self-expression and creativity. 2 Students can create whatever they desire within the areas of their imagination. If they can see it, they can create it. Even the most timid of students can express themselves through art. Increased engagement and motivation equals increased determination and perseverance. When students start an art project, they are typically more determined to see it completed. Most elementary teachers can prove the fact that many students are not happy when their work of art is interrupted before it has been completed. 3 From the development of self-expression and creativity comes increased student confidence! 4 Students develop a greater sense of self by expressing themselves openly and in their own way. It is also quite rewarding for students to share their art with others, thereby developing their interpersonal skills. 5 Participation in art is highly beneficial to student performance in the classroom. Art requires use of multiple parts of the brain, thus, providing better overall brain usage in students. A．There are no limits with art. B．Art can surely make students smarter. C．Students colorfully write out the word. D．There are no right or wrong ways to create art. E．Students must concentrate on the “problem” at hand. F．Teachers should combine art with learning more carefully. G．Students wish to realise their ideas through art without being delayed. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了艺术对学生的学习和个人发展有多方面的积极影响。 1．根据前文“Students who participate in art strengthen their focus skills.(参与艺术活动的学生能够增强他们的专注力)”可知，本段讲述参与艺术活动增强专注力，结合下文“For visual art, that problem may be determining which art tools or materials will effectively create the picture that they have in their minds. For performance art, students may need accurate timing to come in on cue. (对于视觉艺术来说，这个问题可能是决定哪些艺术工具或材料能有效地创造出他们心中的画面。对于行为艺术，学生可能需要准确的时间来提示)”讲述不同专业学生需要处理的“问题”可推断，空处提到了要专注于手头的“问题”。E项“学生必须集中注意力在手头的‘问题’上。”符合本段主题和语境，故选E。 2．后文“Students can create whatever they desire within the areas of their imagination.(学生可以在他们的想象范围内创造他们想要的任何东西)”讲述学生可以在他们的想象范围内创造任何他们想要的东西，这充分说明艺术没有限制。所以A项“艺术没有极限”符合题意。故选A。 3．根据前文“When students start an art project, they are typically more determined to see it completed. Most elementary teachers can prove the fact that many students are not happy when their work of art is interrupted before it has been completed.( 当学生开始一个艺术项目时，他们通常更决心完成它。大多数小学老师可以证明，许多学生在他们的艺术作品完成之前被打断时会感到不高兴)”可知，此处讲述了学生开始一个艺术项目通常有决心完成它，被打断时会感到不高兴。因此推断G项“学生希望通过艺术实现他们的想法，而不受延误”符合语境，故选G。 4．前文“From the development of self-expression and creativity comes increased student confidence!( 从自我表达和创造力的发展中，学生的自信心也随之增强！)”说明通过艺术学生的自信心得以增强，后文“Students develop a greater sense of self by expressing themselves openly and in their own way. It is also quite rewarding for students to share their art with others, thereby developing their interpersonal skills. (学生通过公开并以自己的方式表达自己，发展了更强的自我意识。学生分享他们的艺术作品也有助于发展他们的人际交往技能)”说明学生通过艺术表达自己，增强自我意识，分享艺术作品也有助于增进人际交往技能，因此推断每个人都可以用自己的方式创作艺术来表达自己。可见，创作艺术的方式没有对错之分。D项“创造艺术的方式没有对错之分”符合题意。故选D。 5．根据后文“Participation in art is highly beneficial to student performance in the classroom. Art requires use of multiple parts of the brain, thus, providing better overall brain usage in students.(参与艺术对学生在课堂上的表现非常有益。艺术需要大脑的多个部分协同工作，从而为学生提供更好的整体大脑使用)”可知，后文提到参与艺术活动对学生在课堂上的表现非常有益。艺术需要使用大脑的多个部分，这促使学生能够更好地使用整个大脑，从而使学生变得更加聪明。可见，艺术能让学生变得更加聪明。空处位于句首，为本段主旨句，B项“艺术肯定能使学生更聪明”总结下文。故选B。 Passage 22 （23-24高二下·河南商丘·期末）The benefits of walking are many, but deciding how many miles to cover and how much time to spend walking each day is another matter. Studies have shown that the average American takes between 3. 000 and 4. 000 steps daily doing everyday things — about 1. 5 to 2 miles. 1 But the Centers for Discase Control and Prevention advises most adults to aim for 10. 000 steps a day or about 5 miles. And the recommendation contributes to more positive health outcomes. What if counting results by miles isn’t your thing? 2 “As a walker, you should aim for at least 30 minutes per day, or a total of 150 minutes per week,” says Austin, a licensed psychotherapist. What’s more, if 30 minutes of walking is unrealistic for you to do all at once, then breaking it up into three short, 10-minute sessions. 3 It may also be helpful to health to make walking a part of one’s daily routine. People can take the stairs instead of the elevator, park at the other end of the lot and walk a further distance to a store’ entrance when shopping. Still, why not get off public transportation a stop early? 4 All these additional steps can be acquired creatively, beyond fixed walking time. On top of such physical benefits, walking has been shown to improve sleep and mental health including mood and self-esteem. 5 Therefore, it is free and well accepted by the majority of people. If one is ready to improve overall levels of fitness, walking ticks all the right boxes. A．Then walk the rest of the way home. B．Combine walking with everyday routine. C．They will provide the same health benefits. D．Walking sessions should be continuous to be beneficial. E．You can measure your efforts in quantities of time instead. F．That amount alone has been shown to lower one’s death risk. G．Walking requires no special equipment, gym membership or training. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了步行的好处。 1．根据前文“Studies have shown that the average American takes between 3, 000 and 4, 000 steps daily doing everyday things—about 1.5 to 2 miles. (研究表明，美国人平均每天要走3000到4000步，做一些日常的事情——大约1.5到2英里。) ”可知，这里继续介绍每天走3000到4000步的好处——可以降低死亡风险。F项 “That amount alone has been shown to lower one's death risk. (仅这个量就已被证明可以降低死亡风险。) ”与上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。 2．根据前文“What if counting results by miles isn’t your thing? (如果按英里计算成绩不是你的强项怎么办？ )”可知，后句提供了一种新的方式，再根据下文““As a walker, you should aim for at least 30 minutes per day, or a total of 150 minutes per week,” says Austin, a licensed psychotherapist. (“作为一个步行者，你应该每天至少锻炼30分钟，或者每周总共150分钟，”奥斯汀说，他是一名有执照的心理治疗师。)”，可知这里提供了时间衡量的方式，与E项“You can measure your efforts in quantities of time instead. (你可以用时间来衡量你的努力。) ”上下文一致，符合文意。故选E项。 3．根据前文“What’s more, if 30 minutes of walking is unrealistic for you to do all at once, then breaking it up into three short, 10-minute sessions. (更重要的是，如果30分钟的步行对你来说一次完成是不现实的，那么把它分成三个钟的小时间段。)”可知，不管是连续步行30分钟还是分成三个钟完成都能达到同样的健康好处。与C项“They will provide the same health benefits. (它们将提供同样的健康益处。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。 4．根据前句“Still, why not get off public transportation a stop early? (不过，为什么不早点下车呢？)”可知，这里介绍日常生活中坐公共汽车可以提前一站下车，与A项“Then walk the rest of the way home. (然后剩下的路走回家。)”，上下文一致，符合文意，可以顺接上前文，走路回家，达到步行锻炼的目的。故选A项。 5．根据下文“Therefore, it is free and well accepted by the majority of people. (因此, 它是免费的, 并为大多数人所接受。)”可知，前后句是因果关系，说明步行免费的原因——不需要特殊的设备，也不需要会员资格。与G项“Walking requires no special equipment, gym membership or training. (步行不需要特殊的设备，健身房会员资格或训练。)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选G项。 Passage 23 （23-24高二上·河南·期末）The age of space exploration started on April 12, 1961, when the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space. But why do we go to environments that are dangerous and even deadly to humans? The answer is simple. 1 In this article, we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration. Promote the progress of medicine 2 For example, analyzing the effects of zero-gravity (零重力) on blood flow led to many discoveries on how to prevent some heart illnesses. The experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases. Develop new technologies The space race has birthed the most technological advancements in the shortest period of time. 3 For example, the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts. We use them in our day-to-day lives without even knowing that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon. Start space tourism The biggest dream some of us have is being able to take a trip to outer space. However, it is still too expensive to go to space. As reusable rockets improve, the costs of these trips will become significantly lower. 4 Inspire the next generation Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children. 5 Not only is this good for them as STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) jobs can secure them a comfortable future, but it also helps humans. A．Technologies have advanced considerably. B．It gets students interested in science and technology. C．Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us. D．These include stepping up cooperation in space exploration. E．The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it. F．Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits. G．Throughout the years, companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是太空探索的四大好处。 1．根据空格前一句“But why do we go to environments that are dangerous and even deadly to humans?(但我们为什么要去那些对人类来说危险甚至致命的环境呢？)”可知，此处是在提出问题，而空格后一句“In this article, we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.(在这篇文章中，我们将阅读太空探索的四大好处)”是在回答这个问题，由此可知，空格处应该是在解释为什么我们要去对人类来说危险甚至致命的环境，选项E“The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.(太空探索的好处超过了它的危险)”解释了为什么我们要去探索太空，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 2．根据本文小标题“Promote the progress of medicine(推动医学进步)”可知，本段是在讲太空探索对医学的影响，选项F“Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.(研究太空旅行的影响可以带来一些医疗益处)”说明了太空探索能带来一些医疗好处，和本段的语境符合，故选F。 3．根据空格后一句“For example, the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts. We use them in our day-to-day lives without even knowing that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon.(例如，跑鞋最初是为宇航员开发的。我们在日常生活中使用它们，甚至不知道一些美国宇航局的工程师最初是为了将人类送上月球的阿波罗计划而开发它们的)”可知，此处说明的是原本为宇航员开发的技术也应用到了普通人的生活中，G选项“Throughout the years, companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.(多年来，公司已经为许多这些发展找到了消费者的用途)”说明了一些公司为探索太空所带来的技术找到了普通的消费者，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 4．根据空格前一句“As reusable rockets improve, the costs of these trips will become significantly lower.(随着可重复使用火箭的改进，这些旅行的成本将大大降低)”可知，太空旅行的成本大大降低了，空格处应该说明这会带来什么好处，选项C“Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.(希望有一天我们所有人都能接触到它们)”说明很有可能将来我们所有人都可以进行太空旅行，是太空旅行成本降低带来的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 5．根据空格前一句“Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children.(太空探索激发了孩子们的好奇心)”可知，此处是在讲太空探索对孩子们的影响，B选项“It gets students interested in science and technology.(它让学生对科学技术感兴趣)”说明了太空探索所激发的好奇心使学生对科学技术感兴趣，也是太空探索对孩子的影响，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 试卷第34页，共35页 试卷第35页，共35页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 考题猜想03 阅读理解-七选五培优专练20篇 原卷版 满分策略 技巧一 | 从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。 因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as a result结果，thus/therefore因此，so (such)...如此……以至于等。 技巧二 | 从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系 转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：however然而等。 技巧三 | 从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系 前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。 技巧四 | 从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系 递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also也, 而且, further另外(的), furthermore而且，此外等。 技巧五 | 从细节逻辑上判断——平列关系 表示列举关系的有：firstly第一, 首先secondly第二, thirdly第三in the first place第一，首先for one thing首先等。 技巧六 | 从词汇线索上判断——代词指代 英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 技巧七 | 从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词 英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。 技巧八 | 从词汇线索上判断——同畴词 上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题 技巧九 | 从试题位置上判断——问题在段首 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。 技巧十 | 从试题位置上判断——问题在段尾 所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。 段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 Passage 01 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）At 40, I fell in love with cycling and joined a local cycling club. I befriended cycling lovers and we often went cycling together. 1 I decided to go on a solo (独自的) cycling journey from Singapore to Indonesia. My late grandfather was born in Bagansiapiapi, Indonesia. Growing up, I’d hear all kinds of stories about his childhood before he moved to Singapore. I was anxious to visit his birthplace but I never acted on it until the idea of cycling there came to mind. 2 And I decided to go big — make the whole journey across the island and head to the northernmost tip of Indonesia. I made sure I planned my first solo ride around Indonesia well. My whole trip would cover more than 1,600 km. I aimed to cycle around 100 km to 140 km a day, which would take about four to six hours. I had to leave room for flexibility. Possible bicycle breakdowns and accidents needed to be taken into account. 3 During the first leg of the journey, I hardly felt tired because I was so driven by my excitement. Reaching Bagansiapiapi, I immediately asked about the history relating to the large Chinese community there. I learned that a Chinese family surnamed Tan did live there for years. In the 1940s, they moved to another part of Southeast Asia. The locals couldn’t remember the names so I wasn’t sure whether it was my grandfather’s family. 4 All the small pieces of the history reminded me of the hard work of my forefathers to find a better life for their later generations. 5 Once, I got lost while cycling towards Lake Toba. Luckily, a family of three showed me the right directions. The whole journey was unforgettable. I was thankful that I could witness the land where my grandparents had ever lived and that I had completed such a challenging cycling journey myself. A．I knew I had to make it happen. B．At age 49, I developed a thirst for adventure. C．My cycling journey was not without challenges. D．Or I was just feeling extra tired on a certain day. E．However, the possibility left me feeling excited and satisfied. F．I took note of a few potential hostels and other accommodations. G．I felt a little regret for not exploring more of my family’s detailed history. Passage 02 （24-25高二上·河北唐山·期末）After an afternoon of collecting leaves or pulling wild grass from your garden, you may wonder how much all that activity counts toward your daily exercise quota (定额). 1 “Many yard and garden tasks require enough effort to count as medium-intensity exercise,” says Dr. I-Min Lee, a professor at Harvard Medical School. And the U.S. physical activity guidelines call for doing at least 150 minutes per week of medium-intensity exercise. 2 You can spread it out over the week or focus on just two days during the weekend. 3 Several yard and garden tasks — digging holes, shoveling soil, or bagging fallen leaves, for example — strengthen various muscles. Besides, gardening or yard work, like walking, swimming, and dancing, has a low rate of injuries when compared with higher-intensity activities such as running. There’s even evidence that gardening can reduce stress and anxiety. 4 This makes gardening an effective approach to well-being. “If you enjoy gardening and yard work, it can be a good way to meet your exercise goals,” says Dr. Lee. “ 5 In this way, you are more likely to stick to them consistently.” A．The answer is no. B．They also increased physical activity levels. C．Such changes help lower the risk of heart disease. D．You can meet that goal doing garden or yard work. E．After all, the best rule is to do activities you enjoy. F．You may collect a few health benefits from doing so. G．Surprisingly, it adds up to more than you might think. Passage 03 （24-25高二上·贵州安顺·期末）It is always good to be informed about how to deal with possible emergencies and difficulties when travelling abroad. 1 Health Care Italy guarantees medical assistance to anyone who needs it and goes to a public hospital or similar facility(emergency rooms, polyclinics, doctor’ surgeries). 2 However, we recommend taking out travel health insurance before you depart, to make sure you are covered for any accidents and illnesses not covered by the National Health Service. Pharmacies Pharmacies follow normal shop opening hours. In big cities, there are some that are open 24/7. On public holidays(e. g., Sundays)or for night-time emergencies, pharmacies are open according to a shift system: 3 Dentists Foreign nationals temporarily visiting Italy are also entitled to basic dental care. You can simply go to a National Health Service surgery or, if necessary, to the emergency room. 4 If any problems occur during your stay in Italy, we recommend contacting the accommodation facility, restaurant, shopkeeper, etc., to request appropriate explanations. If this is not enough to deal with your problems, 5 Bearing in mind that it is important to collect and keep all document at ion and direct evidence to prove your case. A．Administrative violations. B．Complaints and poor service. C．In these cases, there is no charge. D．you can take action to protect your rights. E．You can take action by making a collective complaint. F．Here is more general information on assistance services. G．A calendar will let you know where to find the nearest one that is open. Passage 04 （24-25高二上·陕西咸阳·期末）While the key to success in both personal and professional relationships lies in your ability to communicate well, it’s not the words that you use but your nonverbal cues or “body language” that speak the loudest. Body language is the use of physical behavior, expressions, and mannerisms to communicate nonverbally, often done instinctively rather than consciously. 1 . Facial expressions. The human face is extremely expressive. 2 . And facial expressions are universal. The facial expressions for happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust are the same across cultures. Body movement and posture. Consider how your perceptions (看法) of people are affected by the way they sit, walk, stand, or hold their head. 3 . This type of nonverbal communication includes your posture and your unnoticeable movements. Gestures. You may wave, point, or use your hands when arguing or speaking energetically, often expressing yourself with gestures without thinking. However, the meaning of some gestures can be very different across cultures. 4 , for example, usually conveys a positive message in English-speaking countries, it’s considered offensive in countries such as Germany, Russia, and Brazil. So, it’s important to be careful of using gestures so as to avoid misinterpretation. Space. Have you ever felt uneasy during a talk because the other person was standing too close? 5 , although that need differs depending on the culture, the situation, and the closeness of the relationship. You can use it to communicate many different nonverbal messages, including signals of closeness and affection or aggression. A．The way you move and carry yourself communicates a wealth of information B．There are many different types of nonverbal communication or body language C．While the “OK” sign made with the hand D．It is able to convey countless emotions without saying a word E．Do you still remember the most embarrassed moment you have ever experienced F．Everyone should pay more attention to physical behavior in a formal occasion G．We all have a need for physical space Passage 05 （24-25高二上·宁夏银川·期末）How to Develop a Sense of Humor A good sense of humor can make you the life of the party and help you go easier on yourself. Using different forms of tricks, you’ll have people around you roaring with laughter. Learn to tell the sort of jokes you find funny. Once you’ve learned what kind of humor you enjoy, try including it in your conversations with friends. Try to tell your jokes as if commenting on the weather. 1 Have fun. 2 Remember, you are more than your humor. Try to find the world engaging, new, and strange. This will help improve your overall mood and make it easier for you to find humor in things if you allow yourself to play. So get out there and have fun with yourself! 3 If the way you tell a story goes a long way toward making it funny, practice it as you talk. Smile and laugh along with everyone. If you’re telling a shocking part of the story, widen your eyes and lean forward for a dramatic effect. You can also use your hands to be more expressive and get a laugh on others, too. Joke kindly and carefully. 4 If you are making fun of a friend, try to joke about a positive aspect of that person rather than a weakness. If a colleague is always on time, say you set your watch by him or her. If your children write a good paper for school, say they’ll be promoted to a teacher next. 5 A．Surround yourself with funny people. B．Use your body language to be more engaging. C．Remember, humor should brighten days, not darken them. D．Jokes about friends should not show them in a negative way. E．A casual delivery is often the funniest part of an unusual comment. F．Focus on their delivery and how they turn it into something humorous. G．Avoid getting so caught up in making people laugh that you forget to enjoy yourself. Passage 06 （24-25高二上·安徽宣城·期末）Healthy Winter Habits to Maintain Heálth You can catch a cold or flu any time of the year, but they seem more common during the cooler months. Reduce the chances you’ll contract a serious illness this cold season by following these tips. ●Make handwashing a priority. Preventive measures like washing your hands often can significantly lower your odds of getting sick. Handwashing is even compared to a “do-it-yourself vaccine.” 1 Wash regularly with soap and water for about 20 seconds, especially when handling food, caring for someone sick or after using the restroom. ● 2 Adopting healthy everyday habits means your body is in better condition to fight off potential attacks by germs and combat an illness more effectively if you do get sick. A well-balanced diet that includes moderate portions from each of the major food groups can help ensure you’ re getting the nutrition and nutrients promote a stronger immune system. Getting enough sleep and making sure you’re drinking enough water can also ensure your body is ready for whatever the season brings. ●Stock up on necessary supplies. If you do get sick, the best place for you is at home, where you can nurse yourself back to health. 3 You can keep over-the-counter medications to treat uncomfortable cold and flu symptoms. Be sure to check last year’s leftovers, as some may have expired. ●Relieve bothersome symptoms. 4 Then, you can get back to feeling better. Acough is a common cold symptom, and relieving chest congestion that causes you to cough frequently can make a big difference. If symptoms persist, contact your health care professional. ●Do your part to prevent spreading bacteria. If you do get sick, know you can take steps to protect those around you. Simple acts like covering your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze and using your elbow if you don’t have a tissue can be effective in preventing the spread of bacteria. 5 A．Make overall wellness a way of life. B．Surround yourself with regular workout. C．That means having the essentials on hand. D．It is actually a powerful tool against bacteria. E．There are many options one can try to relieve cold and flu symptoms. F．When you’re under the weather, treating your symptoms lets your body rest. G．It’s also important to keep a distance from others to help prevent the spread of your illness. Passage 07 （24-25高二上·河南·阶段练习）If you are planning to visit the USA and want to do like the locals do, follow these tips and you’re sure to fit in comfortably — whether you’re in Boston, New York or San Francisco! 1 Popular culture is a huge influence around the world. 2 . If anything ties us together culturally, it’s probably the TV shows and movies we watch, the celebrity gossip we read in magazines, the sports teams we follow daily. Best to avoid talking about politics, religion or how much people earn unless you are among close friends. Join in strangers’ casual conversations The signature American speaking volume might be a shock at first. Usually, you will be forced to hear strangers’ conversations on public transport, at restaurants, standing in the checkout line. 3 , you will never run out of strange conversations to entertain each other. Show your talent for good deal hunting We Americans aren’t satisfied with a purchase unless we’ re sure we got our money’s worth. So if you find yourself in a MacDonald, look for deals. If your brain tells you that the burger is simply too big, just tell yourself: “Hey, if I don’t get deals, why not take the leftovers to go and eat them for lunch tomorrow? Two meals for the price of one? 4 !” Try to be yourself The US celebrates diversity more than any other place on Earth. Going against norms is in Americans’ blood, which explains the rule of being American: Be yourself. 5 . So when you’re in the US you should do it, too! Luckily for you, foreign accents make you the most interesting person at any party. A．But it is a good deal B．If they talk too loudly C．Find suitable topics to start small talks D．So it is hard not to be exposed to it abroad E．If you put any shyness aside and join in the small talks F．Never mind that you are looking for a winter coat in winter G．Americans value their individuality and show it off unapologetically Passage 08 （23-24高二下·安徽蚌埠·期末）Tricks to Enhance Your Engagement in Charity Work Charitable activities and volunteering play a crucial role in our society, benefiting both the recipients and the volunteers themselves. Engaging in public service can be highly rewarding. 1 Below are some tips for becoming more active in public service. Find Your Passion. Just like any other area in life, it’s essential to discover what you are passionate about when it comes to public service. 2 . For instance, if you’re passionate about education, you might choose to volunteer in a local school or library. 3 Regular engagement in charity work helps build a strong connection and commitment to the cause. Instead of occasional volunteering, establish a routine that fits your schedule. This could be contributing a few hours every weekend or setting specific days for your charitable activities. Spread the Word. Sharing your involvement with friends and family can create a sense of responsibilities. When others are aware of your commitment to public service, you’re more likely to follow through. 4 Collaborate with Others. Many charitable projects benefit from teamwork. Join forces with like-minded individuals or friends to work on projects together. This cooperation not only eases the workload but also enhances the sense of community and shared goals. Set Clear Goals. 5 What do you hope to achieve, and in what time? Setting clear goals can keep you focused and motivated. A．Make It a Routine. B．Engage in Charity Work Daily. C．Clarify your objectives in public service. D．Select a cause or organization that suits you. E．But it requires tricks for a fulfilling experience. F．It can also inspire those around you to get involved. G．However, it makes a meaningful impact on their communities. Passage 09 （23-24高一下·山东东营·期末）World Wildlife Day is celebrated each year on March 3rd. This is a day that has the goal of informing the general public about the plants and wild animals in the world. So you can do many things to celebrate this day. As we all know, litter can be harmful to birds, fish, and other wildlife. Therefore, make an effort to pick up any litter that you see. 1 You can visit an aquarium or zoo near you, because aquariums and zoos help a lot with endangered species, allowing their populations to increase. 2 Thus, World Wildlife Day is the perfect day to pay a local aquarium or zoo a visit. If possible, try to learn about the plants and wild animals near you. You can do some research about local wildlife. You can also research some of the threats to these plants and wild animals. 3 For example, if one of the primary threats an animal faces is litter, be sure to deal with it properly, and pick up any litter you see. If you like, you can plant a garden with native tree, bush and flower species. 4 To plant them in the garden accordingly, it is necessary to do some research beforehand on trees, bushes and flowers that are native to your area and where they would grow best. 5 There are a variety of organizations that help wildlife in different ways. If you have a specific species that you’d like to support, or even if you’d just like to help wildlife in general, there might be an organization somewhere that you can join and assist with their efforts. A．Every year, there is a theme for World Wildlife Day. B．If the threat they face is caused by human, try to help reduce it. C．These may be the only places to find certain endangered animals. D．Additionally, it’s a good way to join an organization that helps wildlife. E．These can help provide wild animals with a place where they can shelter. F．Databases online can help us find the plants which are native to our area. G．And you’d better make sure that you reduce the amount of litter you create. Passage 10 （23-24高二下·安徽六安·期末）Everyone has to deal with people they disagree with at times. Here are some ways to help you make it. Stay calm and objective. It can be hard not to personalize something. Oftentimes when talking over disagreements, you may have the urge to win an argument. 1 Even if what the other person is saying sounds very unreasonable, don’t hurry to argue. Try to stay calm and look at the situation objectively. Listen to others patiently. Do not interrupt when someone else is speaking. Truly listen to what another person says and try to understand them while you’re listening. 2 Change the subject. You would especially want to change the subject when dealing with a disagreement in the workplace. Actually, you can do it in any situation. 3 You can change the topic by saying, “Yeah, that’s tough. Hey, are you going to the company picnic next weekend?” Look for agreement. 4 When dealing with disagreements, you should try to find a point where you both agree. This can help you figure out how to smooth things over and talk out your differences in a mature manner. 5 When you’re talking out a major disagreement, negative body language may come up accidentally. If you get heated, you may do things like rolling your eyes, sighing or crossing your arms. This will only make the other person feel hurt and frustrated. Be aware of what your body is doing and try to use respectful body language. A．Avoid negative body language. B．It doesn’t help resolve disagreements. C．Try to understand other people’s real meanings. D．However, body language can be unconscious as well. E．You can also ask them not to cut in when it’s your turn. F．For example, some coworkers may bring up a sensitive topic. G．Even someone whose opinions are different from yours may share certain core values. Passage 11 （23-24高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）How to start up a library of things Rather than cluttering (乱推放) our houses, starting up a library of things allows people to borrow and share huge, pricey goods in the neighbourhood. 1 But instead of borrowing books, local people are borrowing drills, pasta makers and guitars for an affordable fee. Here’s how to start your own: Talk to your neighbours 2 Do they feel their home is too cluttered? Do they want to do their bit for the environment and spend less money? Link into local networks and ask people to vote on a “wish list” of items they could borrow. Find a space Start small in someone’s garage or local market to see what items are most popular. Then find space in buildings in urban areas with high footfall (客流量) such as libraries or community hubs. 3 Why start a library of things? We were living in a small house and needed some tools to put up shelves. We didn’t want to own the tools and hiring them was expensive! 4 Inspired by tool libraries in the US and lending libraries in Berlin, we started a small library of things locally and seven years later we’re running five library of things locations across London. What other impact on the local area? We’ve run very successful events led by borrowers such as mending meetups, sewing classes, DIY classes. 5 Borrowers have previously tested out new food businesses at the market by using our items. And for every £10 someone spends on borrowing, £8 stays locally, creating local jobs and supporting the local community spaces. A．Find out if local people need a sharing library. B．The library of things has a variety of effects locally. C．You’ll need some money to set up your sharing library. D．What’s more, we were also discomforted by the waste we made. E．But in suburban and rural areas, a mobile sharing library might be better. F．Speak to others who have done it and are willing to share their knowledge. G．Affordable, convenient and environmental-friendly sharing libraries are popping up. Passage 12 （23-24高二下·安徽阜阳·期末）Biodiversity doesn’t only revolve around species we consider rare and threatened but around every living being. 1 Here are some ways to protect biodiversity in your backyard garden. Pesticides are known to be poisonous to humans, animals, and the Earth. Thus, to protect biodiversity in your yard, avoid using harmful and poisonous chemicals. 2 These organic fertilizers provide the necessary nutrients needed for plant growth without harming the Earth. Prevention is the best way to discourage and deal with pests and diseases. Check your plants regularly for unwanted visitors. Another way to protect biodiversity in your garden is to create various habitats. To do so, you can choose to plant fruit trees or berry bushes and add a bird feeder or other open water sources. Perennials (多年生植物) can provide shelter for some species. 3 Plants grow better in their native habitats, where climate and soil are perfect for their development and growth. Plants also form symbiotic (共生的) relationships with other native plants that help them spread their seeds and discourage pests and diseases. 4 Easier to build such relationships, native plants require fewer resources to grow healthily compared to non-native plants. 5 Plants that aren’t native to your area can be invasive (侵入性的), take over your garden, and threaten the growth and survival of native plants. Their removal provides space for native plants to develop. These plants are part of the local ecosystem in your garden and provide habitat for other animals. A．Instead, turn to natural pest control and natural fertilizers. B．Insects aren’t the only reason for the great damage to your plants. C．Creating a flowering wall is a good way to beautify your backyard. D．Relationships like this help native plants defend themselves naturally. E．Balanced biodiversity in your yard positively impacts the environment. F．Removing invasive and non-native plants leaves more space for other plants. G．Even a dead tree can also serve as a habitat for insects, birds, and other animals. Passage 13 （23-24高二下·安徽六安·期末）Language Learner Habits to Avoid Successful language learners do the kind of things the unsuccessful ones don’t and avoid the ones that unsuccessful ones do! This article is about language learning habits that successful learners avoid. Always being distracted. Being distracted by noises, people walking past or your own thoughts will take you away from being present. Presence is of fundamental importance in learning. 1 Study can’t make up for a lack of presence — nothing can. Only talking the talk. There is little point in making plans or talking about what you are going to do if you do not follow through. 2 You need to walk the talk. If you are only talking the talk, maybe it has to do with one of the other habits mentioned below! 3 We can all get lazy if we are doing things that are not inspiring us. Who gets lazy when they are courting a partner? Who gets lazy with things they love doing? Laziness is a sign that something has to change. Forcing yourself to persist will only last for so long, before it gives way to more laziness. Giving up. “The most certain way to succeed,” Thomas Edison once said, “is always to try just one more time.” 4 And often, it comes after first failing time and time again. If you are doing any of these, my suggestion is to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices. 5 A．Giving in to laziness. B．Learning to get rid of laziness. C．In a sense, we do learn by trial and error. D．Once you do, you will be heading in a better direction. E．Success, however you define it, never comes from not trying. F．Action is what will produce results, not just words or thoughts. G．Without that, you cannot notice the things that can help you to improve. Passage 14 （23-24高二上·安徽·期末）When it comes to traveling with kids, whether it’s a short weekend getaway — a road trip or a luxurious camping adventure, the challenges increase. 1 . They will ensure you’re well-prepared for any situation. Travel at your family’s pace（节奏） 2 , but that’s perfectly fine. Take the opportunity to explore together at a pace that suits your family. It’s about the experience, so you can plan one main activity and leave the rest of the day for exploration. Involve kids in the planning process It’s a great idea to engage your children in the vacation planning process. 3 . You can make it fun by creating family flashcards with interesting facts about the places you’ll visit. This not only gets them excited but also educates them about the approaching adventure. 4 Traveling to new places can be a fantastic educational experience for both parents and kids. The educational travel has gained popularity, with hotels and tour companies offering experiences that teach something new. Encourage your children to explore their interests and choose activities and trips that satisfy their curiosity. Plan with a travel company Planning a trip with kids can be quite challenging. While some parents enjoy organizing every detail, others find it stressful. Using a travel company can ease the burden of coordination (协调), allowing you to focus on other pre-trip tasks. 5 A．The following are some practical tips B．Use travel as an educational opportunity C．Research experiences of fellow travelers D．It provides peace of mind during your journey E．You don’t necessarily have to hand them a globe F．Family travel might be different from traveling alone G．It’s a convenient option for families with busy schedules Passage 15 （24-25高二上·河南南阳·期末）We will all experience some traces of self-doubt, that is natural. But living with self-doubt can be very challenging. It limits potential and breaks morale (士气). 1 Self-compassion is the key. We often doubt ourselves when we have the fear of losing, but that is a great mistake we make. Everyone will make mistakes at some point in their lives, but we have to grow from those mistakes and transform them into a lesson. 2 Begin your day with a positive attitude. Look at yourself in the mirror and say some positive words. 3 Remember the time when you achieved something outstanding? Self-reflection is one of the best tools to kill self-doubt. It makes you remember that you once achieved something great, and it makes you believe that you can achieve that level of success again through concentrated efforts. Take a moment regularly to look back on your past glories and use them as stepping stones to push you forward, rather than allowing self-doubt to overshadow your potential and hold you back. Always be in the company of supportive people. “You are known by the company you keep”, is one of the best sayings to explain this strategy. We should be surrounded by people that support and love us, not people that constantly make us doubt ourselves. Being around negative people is very bad for our mental health. When you are in the company of good people, you will always be encouraged to be better. 4 Seek professional help if necessary. Sometimes the situation can become too much to handle. This is the time when we should seek professional help. 5 But once handled properly, it won’t bother you anymore. Talk about your feelings often, and let all the negative emotions out. This will make you feel a lot better. Love yourself more and your problems will start decreasing! A．Reflect back on your past achievements. B．Being surrounded by them invites low spirits. C．Here are some tips for you to live with self-doubt. D．Learn from mistakes and try your hardest to be better. E．Self-doubt can become a constant drag if not taken care of. F．They will help you recover from negative and stressful situations. G．The following are some strategies you can employ to overcome self-doubt. Passage 16 （24-25高二上·河南商丘·期末）Getting work done, meeting deadlines and being productive 100% of the time are difficult for everyone. 1 . Luckily, here are several ways you can improve your time management skills. Create a daily schedule to organize tasks. Use a calendar or a piece of paper for scheduling. Map out exactly how you want to use your time each day, leaving nothing out of your schedule. 2 . For example, start your schedule with something like, “7:30AM-8:00 AM: Wake up and eat breakfast.” 3 . It’s hard to get things done when you’re doing too many things at once. As you cross things off your to-do list, keep your mind focused on the task at hand. Shut out thoughts about your other responsibilities and avoid going back and forth between unrelated duties. Take short breaks so you don’t burn out. You can’t work or be productive 24 hours a day. Schedule breaks throughout your day to give yourself some time to rest and relax. A break allows you to recharge and come back to a task with a fresh viewpoint. 4 , like drawing a picture, playing the guitar, or playing a game of chess on your phone. Say no to extra projects if your plate is full. 5 . Be realistic when agreeing to new responsibilities, keeping what you have to get done already in mind. For example, if your schedule is fully booked with classes and soccer practice during the school week, it may not be the best time to join another club. A．Concentrate on one task at a time B．Set clear and measurable weekly goals C．You don’t have to feel bad about relaxing D．It’s easy to take on more than you can finish E．It’s even harder if you struggle with time management F．Include how much time you would like to spend on each task G．Try to do something on your break that is unrelated to your task Passage 17 （24-25高三上·山西晋城·期末）How to Be a Good Passenger With masses of cars on the road, it is time to consider the traffic safety as a car passenger. It will be safer as long as you follow the following advice. Be safe. 1 Do not wait for the driver to tell you to put it on, or refuse to put it on when asked to. 2 You can advise the driver on the route navigation (导航), but you don’t shout or advise on turns, which can cause the driver to panic or make a sudden turn, leading to a possible accident. Do not be a rude backseat driver. When commenting on someone’s driving, offer a constructive and friendly suggestion. Do not, however, attack the driver about his driving, especially if he is inexperienced. 3 Do not distract (使分心) the driver. It is helpful for the driver if you want to tell him about a better and faster route. 4 However, talking for too long or too loudly or singing along to the radio music can distract the driver and possibly cause an accident. Do not tolerate high speed. If the driver is going above the speed limit, do not immediately shout at him. 5 However, if you can see the driver speeding consciously and unsafely, you have the full right to advise the driver to slow down and drive more carefully, to make all the passengers feel safe. A．Guide with respect and consideration. B．Do up your seat belt the moment you get in the car. C．If the driver needs to concentrate, turn the radio down. D．Also, talking to the driver helps stop him feeling sleepy. E．Prevent the driver from putting the passengers’ lives in danger. F．He may not be aware of it and just need a reminder to slow down. G．Let him take his time and drive in the way he feels most comfortable. Passage 18 （24-25高二上·云南玉溪·阶段练习）If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 1 Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back. 2 Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 3 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 4 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 5 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don’t have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder. A．Stop to have a rest now and then. B．Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C．This depends on the type of book you are reading. D．Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E．Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F．The book should be at the right distance from your eyes. G．You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. Passage 19 （23-24高二上·云南·期末）All living things need clean, fresh water to survive. Ninety-seven percent of the water on earth is in the ocean. The salt in the ocean water makes it unusable for drinking. Another two percent is frozen in the ice caps and glaciers on the Earth. 1 There are many factors that affect the amount of water available for you. Where you live, the amount of rain that falls, and how water is collected and reserved all affect the amount of cool, clear water available. One factor that we can’t change is where it will rain. The amount of rain an area receives affects the amount of water available for use. Some major cities are located in areas where they can get water from the ground. 2 Those places with no water readily available must pipe water in from far away. According to a study done by the state of California, the average person uses over one hundred gallons of water per day. Water is used for drinking, taking a shower or bath, brushing teeth, washing hands, cleaning dishes, doing laundry, and flushing toilets. 3 No matter where you live, there are many ways you can help conserve water. Today, we have many helpful tools to help us save water. There are low-flow shower heads and faucets(水龙头), dishwashers and washing machines that use up to 50% less water. 4 There are many other ways you can help. 5 Take a shower rather than a bath. It’s also important to fix leaky faucets. If you find one, let your parents know. A good way to have cool water available all the time is to keep a pitcher in the fridge. This way you won’t have to wait for the water in the pipes to bring you colder water to drink. Only run your clothes washer and dishwasher when they are full. This can save hundreds of gallons of water a year. All of these will help to conserve water. Leaning to use it wisely will ensure that it will always be available. So, make a fuss and conserve water. It’s worth it! A．Using water wisely is important. B．Water is an important natural resource. C．Don’t leave the water running when you brush your teeth. D．Other areas use surface water from lakes, rivers, or streams. E．This leaves one percent of the water on Earth available for us to use. F．Installing these items in your home is the first line of defense against wasting water. G．Wherever we live, we must be careful with the polluted water we have in our part of the world. Passage 20 （24-25高二上·河南漯河·期末）With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our ‘to do’ list. 1 The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think-no matter who you are, or when you like to work out. 2 Many of us have more free time in the morning compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. A 2010 study conducted by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports found that participants who exercised in the morning, increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could burn more fat and increase metabolism (新陈代谢) too. So, good news for early birds, but what if you’re not a morning person? Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones. 3 Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance. But does any of this change depend on whether you’re a man or a woman? Our bodies are different, after all, so the best time to exercise may be different. A 2022 study from Skidmore College, New York, looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences. 4 Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man? Evening is better for you. But, ultimately, the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day. So what time is best? 5 . A．So does your amount of exercise count? B．Want to lose weight and be more charming? C．There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning. D．It seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you! E．Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman? F．For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon. G．So could exercising at certain times help maximize our fitness goals? Passage 21 （24-25高二上·辽宁·阶段练习）Most students, regardless of age or background, truly enjoy participating in art. The appealing aspects of art are what draw our attention and keep us intently focused. Integrating art into the classroom is no different. Students who participate in art strengthen their focus skills. 1 For visual art, that problem may be determining which art tools or materials will effectively create the picture that they have in their minds. For performance art, students may need accurate timing to come in on cue. Regardless of the art medium, students must stay in tune with what is happening in order to successfully complete their work. In continuing with student enjoyment of art, students find art as an outlet for self-expression and creativity. 2 Students can create whatever they desire within the areas of their imagination. If they can see it, they can create it. Even the most timid of students can express themselves through art. Increased engagement and motivation equals increased determination and perseverance. When students start an art project, they are typically more determined to see it completed. Most elementary teachers can prove the fact that many students are not happy when their work of art is interrupted before it has been completed. 3 From the development of self-expression and creativity comes increased student confidence! 4 Students develop a greater sense of self by expressing themselves openly and in their own way. It is also quite rewarding for students to share their art with others, thereby developing their interpersonal skills. 5 Participation in art is highly beneficial to student performance in the classroom. Art requires use of multiple parts of the brain, thus, providing better overall brain usage in students. A．There are no limits with art. B．Art can surely make students smarter. C．Students colorfully write out the word. D．There are no right or wrong ways to create art. E．Students must concentrate on the “problem” at hand. F．Teachers should combine art with learning more carefully. G．Students wish to realise their ideas through art without being delayed. Passage 22 （23-24高二下·河南商丘·期末）The benefits of walking are many, but deciding how many miles to cover and how much time to spend walking each day is another matter. Studies have shown that the average American takes between 3. 000 and 4. 000 steps daily doing everyday things — about 1. 5 to 2 miles. 1 But the Centers for Discase Control and Prevention advises most adults to aim for 10. 000 steps a day or about 5 miles. And the recommendation contributes to more positive health outcomes. What if counting results by miles isn’t your thing? 2 “As a walker, you should aim for at least 30 minutes per day, or a total of 150 minutes per week,” says Austin, a licensed psychotherapist. What’s more, if 30 minutes of walking is unrealistic for you to do all at once, then breaking it up into three short, 10-minute sessions. 3 It may also be helpful to health to make walking a part of one’s daily routine. People can take the stairs instead of the elevator, park at the other end of the lot and walk a further distance to a store’ entrance when shopping. Still, why not get off public transportation a stop early? 4 All these additional steps can be acquired creatively, beyond fixed walking time. On top of such physical benefits, walking has been shown to improve sleep and mental health including mood and self-esteem. 5 Therefore, it is free and well accepted by the majority of people. If one is ready to improve overall levels of fitness, walking ticks all the right boxes. A．Then walk the rest of the way home. B．Combine walking with everyday routine. C．They will provide the same health benefits. D．Walking sessions should be continuous to be beneficial. E．You can measure your efforts in quantities of time instead. F．That amount alone has been shown to lower one’s death risk. G．Walking requires no special equipment, gym membership or training. Passage 23 （23-24高二上·河南·期末）The age of space exploration started on April 12, 1961, when the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space. But why do we go to environments that are dangerous and even deadly to humans? The answer is simple. 1 In this article, we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration. Promote the progress of medicine 2 For example, analyzing the effects of zero-gravity (零重力) on blood flow led to many discoveries on how to prevent some heart illnesses. The experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases. Develop new technologies The space race has birthed the most technological advancements in the shortest period of time. 3 For example, the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts. We use them in our day-to-day lives without even knowing that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon. Start space tourism The biggest dream some of us have is being able to take a trip to outer space. However, it is still too expensive to go to space. As reusable rockets improve, the costs of these trips will become significantly lower. 4 Inspire the next generation Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children. 5 Not only is this good for them as STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) jobs can secure them a comfortable future, but it also helps humans. A．Technologies have advanced considerably. B．It gets students interested in science and technology. C．Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us. D．These include stepping up cooperation in space exploration. E．The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it. F．Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits. G．Throughout the years, companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments. 试卷第18页，共18页 试卷第19页，共19页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$