1题型一 阅读理解-【智乐星中考·学考传奇】2025年山东省济南市中考英语讲练本（人教版PPT）

1 阅读理解 题型一 2 目 录 济南命题研究 解题思路探究 济南题型精练 3 年份 语篇类型 主题语境 命题规律与备考策略 2024 A应用文 国外的春节活动通知 1. 考什么 以应用文、记叙文、说明文为载体, 考查学生是否具备必要的常识、关注社会热点和了解更多学科综合知识, 同时也考查学生是否具有缜密的思维, 尤其是推理判断能力和归纳概括能力 B记叙文 夏令营活动 C说明文 镜头下的笑容为什么看起来“假” D说明文 蜜蜂可能有元认知能力 4 年份 语篇类型 主题语境 命题规律与备考策略 2023 A应用文 关于自拍的调研结果 2. 怎么考 ①题量: 选择型阅读理解是济南学考的重要题型之一, 2020年设置A、B、C三篇, 2021~2024年设置A、B、C、D四篇, 每篇设置5个小题 ②体裁及词数: 2020年A篇是250词左右的记叙文, B、C篇为说明文;2021年A篇为记叙文, B篇为应用文, C、D篇为说明文;2022~2024年A篇为应用文, B记叙文 兴趣爱好 C说明文 气候科普知识 D说明文 对园艺的看法 2022 A应用文 给奶奶的感谢信 B说明文 爱好带来的好处 C记叙文 请愿设立停车标志 D说明文 如何经历悲伤周期 5 年份 语篇类型 主题语境 命题规律与备考策略 2021 A记叙文 老鼠的故事 2023~2024年B篇为记叙文, C、D篇均为说明文。话题广泛, 包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等, 难度逐级递增, 词数多在320~390之间. ③考查角度: 阅读理解的主要设题有细节理解题、推理判断题、词义推测题、段落/主旨大意题、最佳标题题和写作意图题等. B应用文 广告 C说明文 线上学习的项目介绍 D说明文 气候变化带来的影响 2020 A记叙文 优秀品质 B说明文 如何减轻压力 C说明文 清醒梦 6 命题规律与备考策略 ④考查难度: A、B篇难度适中, 对学生的考查较为基础;C、D篇在语篇长度、体裁选择上有所拔高, 题目难度也对应升高, 对学生的阅读能力有更高的要求 3. 备考策略 针对不同话题多做练习, 积累一些文化背景常识等方面的知识, 掌握答题技巧, 提升阅读速度和通过文字获取信息的能力等 7 【典型例题】 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (一) In many cases, you may find yourself or somebody faking(假装) a smile in photos. Why can one easily discover a fake smile and why does it seem so difficult to give a real smile in photos? 8 Scientists have found that a real smile is featured by two main muscle(肌 肉) movements. When we smile, they lift our mouth upwards and cause the skin around our eyes to gather into folds. These muscle movements are usually absent in the case of a forced smile, especially when the smile is small. Our brains are highly skilled at distinguishing the differences in muscle movements. That’s why though trying to fake a real smile can be hard, discovering it on someone else is a piece of cake. 9 One of the most common reasons why you look unnatural in photos is an increased awareness(意识) of your appearance. The worry about posture, hair, and makeup can add to the stress, killing the chances of a real smile. A smile looks best when it comes naturally. Warm and welcoming smiles come along with warm and welcoming body language, but when you’re in front of the camera, trying too hard to perform can make your body language appear stiff(僵硬的) and far from welcoming. 10 Besides, facial expressions are not always understood in the same way. A smile can mean differently in different cultures. For example, a wide smile that seems welcoming to some may appear fake and dishonest. This may also influence how people feel about your smile in photos. However, we shouldn’t let this trouble us too much. So, if you want to smile naturally before the camera, perhaps the simplest trick is to give your brain a real reason to feel happy. Maybe recall a joyful moment or just think back to a funny story you read. . . that should work! (2024济南C篇) 11 【思路探究】 【语篇类型】说明文 【主题内容】人与自我——做人与做事(自我认识, 自我管理, 自我提升) 【文章大意】照片中的微笑为什么看起来很假。 【答题技巧】 答题前: 首先阅读题干及选项, 找出关键词, 然后带着问题读文章, 并找出文章中与题目有关的词。 答题: 根据题干辨别题目的类型, 然后针对不同类型的题目, 用不同方法解答。 12 (　　)1. What is a real smile connected with? A. Personal characters. B. Educational backgrounds. C. Muscle movements. D. Professional achievements. C 13 (　　)2. What does the underlined word “distinguishing” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Clearing. 　　　　　　B. Telling. C. Spreading. D. Forgetting. (　　)3. What is a reason for people’s unnatural smiles? A. They fail to hide their feelings. B. They are tired of taking photos. C. They care too much about their looks. D. They are weak in performing tricks. B C 14 (　　)4. What may help you give a real smile according to the writer? A. Recalling a strange story. B. Practicing smiles in the mirror. C. Improving your expression abilities. D. Thinking of a humorous moment. (　　)5. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. How can we turn the fake into the real? B. How can we fake a real smile? C. Why is it hard to smile naturally in photos? D. What is needed to take good photos? D C 15 1. 根据第二段第一句可知, 真正的微笑与肌肉运动有关。故选C。【细节理解】 2. 根据第二段最后一句可知, 尽管假装微笑可能会很困难, 但在别人身上发现它却是小菜一碟。由此可推知, 画线词所在句指的是我们的大脑非常擅长区分肌肉运动的差异, 即画线词意为“区分”。故选B。【词义推测】 3. 根据第三段第一句可知, 人们在照片中看起来不自然的最常见原因之一是过度关注外表。故选C。【细节理解】 16 4. 根据最后一段最后一句可知, 回忆起一个快乐的时刻可以帮助你露出一个真正的微笑。故选D。【细节理解】 5. 通读全文尤其是第一段第二句可知, 本文主要介绍了我们在拍照时很难自然地微笑的原因, 并给出了相应的建议。由此可知, C选项“为什么在照片中很难自然地微笑? ”最适合作为标题。故选C。【最佳标题】 答题后: 做完所有题目后, 重读一遍原文, 逐一检查所有答案是否有误。 17 (二) In the early 1900s, Austrian scientist Karl Von Frisch discovered the “waggle dance” of honey bees. They dance to communicate where to find food, showing an advanced form of communication. His discovery suggested that bees seem to “think” much like humans. Bees can count up to four and even use knowledge learned in one situation in new ones. 18 This amazing ability they have is similar to that of a few mammals (like dolphins, rats, and some monkeys)—metacognition(元认知). Studying bees’ brains is challenging, but scientists have found ways. One such scientist is Clint Perry from Queen Mary University of London. He designed experiments(实验) where bees chose between two spots, one above and one below a black bar. If they landed above, they got a sweet drink; below, a terrible one. Perry made the test easier or harder by moving the landing spots farther from or closer to the black bar. Perry found that bees avoided difficult tests and tried when it was easy, suggesting they can judge(判断) their chances of “passing”. 19 This ability to make decisions according to their chances of success before is similar to how humans choose whether to take a test. However, Perry admits we can’t be sure if bees are truly judging by their own knowledge or just avoiding an unpleasant taste. Although there is much uncertainty, the discovery of metacognition in bees opens up new possibilities. It suggests that bees’ tiny brains may be quite capable(有能力的). It could be that skills such as simple math and navigation take far less actual brainpower than we thought. While bees aren’t as smart as mammals in memory and language, studying their brains could help us understand how our own brains process information. 20 We may also have to rethink how we view the rest of the insect world. There are an awful lot of small insects flying around in the garden and crawling underground. Who knows what those tiny minds might be capable of? (2024济南D篇) 21 【语篇类型】说明文 【主题内容】人与自然——自然生态(热爱与敬畏自然, 与自然和谐共生) 【文章大意】研究发现蜜蜂可能拥有元认知能力。 【答题技巧】 答题前: 首先阅读题干及选项, 找出关键词, 然后带着问题读文章, 并找出文章中与题目有关的词。 答题: 根据题干辨别题目的类型, 然后针对不同类型的题目, 用不同方法解答。 22 (　　)6. Why do bees do the “waggle dance”? A. To count numbers. B. To show their amazing dancing skills. C. To relax themselves. D. To communicate the location of food. (　　)7. What may Clint Perry’s experiments suggest about bees? A. They are more intelligent than monkeys. B. They prefer sweet drinks to terrible ones. C. They can judge their chances of success in a task. D. They have excellent memory and language skills. D C 23 (　　)8. What is the value of studying bees’ brains? A. It helps us study human brains. B. It reminds us to protect animals. C. It improves our own math abilities. D. It shows bees are our good friends. (　　)9. Why does the writer end the text with a question? A. To add information about bees. B. To get readers interested in insects. C. To show doubts about the research. D. To express opinions about animal testing. A B 24 (　　)10. What is the text mainly about? A. Bees’ special communication skills. B. How bees process important information. C. The interesting “waggle dance” of bees. D. Bees’ surprising abilities and intelligence. D 25 6. 根据第一段第二句可知, 蜜蜂通过跳舞来交流在哪里找到食物。故选D。【细节理解】 7. 根据第二段最后一句可知, 蜜蜂逃避困难的测试, 并尝试简单的任务, 这表明它们可以判断成功“通过”的可能性。故选C。【细节理解】 8. 根据第四段最后一句可知, 研究蜜蜂的大脑可以帮助我们理解人类的大脑是如何处理信息的。故选A。【细节理解】 9. 根据最后一段可知, 以“谁知道那些小脑袋能做些什么呢? ”这一问题结尾, 使文章风趣幽默, 引起读者对昆虫的兴趣。故选B。【写作意图】 26 10. 通读全文尤其是第四段第二、三句可知, 本文主要介绍了蜜蜂令人惊奇的能力和智慧。故选D。【主旨大意】 答题后: 做完所有题目后, 重读一遍原文, 逐一检查所有答案是否有误 27 Passage 1 (2024济南A篇) Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 28 (　　)1. How long will the festival last? A. One day. B. Three days. C. Five days. D. Seven days. (　　)2. Where will the festival take place? A. In Pine Tree Park. B. In Art Museum. C. In Spring Square. D. In Fredericksburg Theater. (　　)3. What can a visitor enjoy during the festival? A. Pet shows. B. Local food. C. Light shows. D. Costume parties. C A C Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 29 (　　)4. How much does a visitor pay for a two-day ticket? A. $3. B. $6. C. $10. D. $13. (　　)5. What can a visitor do to get more information about the festival? A. Make a call. B. Send an e-mail. C. Visit a website. D. Text a performer. B A Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 30 Passage 2 John knew he was going to have a great summer when he and his best friend, Danny, arrived at the camp. Everywhere he looked, there were tons of boys of his age, laughing together, playing tennis, or swimming at the pool. John and Danny quickly found their camping tent and met their teacher. After they unpacked their traveling bags, the boys decided to go for a swim. They changed into their swimsuits and walked down to the pool. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 31 At first, John and Danny stayed in the shallow end(浅水区). They played games in the water with a few other boys. Every now and then, John watched other boys jump, dive(跳水), and even do challenging actions off the diving board, like flipping in the air, but he did not feel brave enough to try it himself. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 32 After a while, Danny said they should take turns jumping off the diving board. John looked nervously at Danny and shook his head. Danny told John that it was not as scary as it looked. John finally agreed to give it a try. Slowly, he climbed to the top of the diving board. He took a few steps to the end of the board and looked over at Danny. Danny gave him a big smile. John took a deep breath, closed his eyes, and jumped. He hit the water with a splash and moved quickly up to the surface. Danny ran to John to give him a high-five. Then they spent the rest of the day enjoying themselves jumping off the diving board. (2024济南B篇) Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 33 (　　)1. Where did John and Danny go? A. To a summer camp. B. To a sports center. C. To an amusement park. D. To a beach party. (　　)2. What did John and Danny do just before they walked to the pool? A. They put up their camping tent. B. They put all their things in order. C. They played games with some boys. D. They changed into their swimsuits. A D Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 34 (　　)3. What problem did John face in the story? A. He was not interested in swimming. B. He was too nervous to swim in public. C. He was afraid to jump off the diving board. D. He was not able to get on well with Danny. (　　)4. How was the problem solved? A. Danny taught John how to dive. B. Their teacher gave John a hand. C. Danny encouraged John to have a try. D. The two boys decided to stay off the board. C C Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 35 (　　)5. How did John feel at the end of the story? A. Disappointed. B. Happy. C. Nervous. D. Peaceful. B Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 36 Passage 3 The Internet is often used to buy and sell products, pay bills, and communicate with people. But how safe is it when you use the Internet? Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences. Linda, 29, nurse: I pay all my bills online. One day, I received an e-mail from my bank. It told me that someone was trying to take out money from my account(账号), so I should e-mail my password(密码) to the “bank manager”. I felt something was wrong, so I called my bank and asked about the e-mail. The bank said they never sent it. I realized that someone tried to cheat(欺骗) me of my money. I’ll continue paying my bills this way, but I’ll be more careful. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 37 Emily, 22, office worker: I was at work, and I sent an e-mail to a friend of mine. I was telling her about my problems with Mark, the manager. A few minutes later, a friend of Mark’s came over to my desk. He said, “So you think Mark is too strict? ” My face was red. I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault, so I’ll look over my e-mails more carefully before I click “Send” next time. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 38 Thomas, 21, university student: I love the Internet! I look up lots of information online. I often buy things on the websites—furniture, clothes, CDs, even foods. I have also sold some of my things on the Internet. I only use the websites I trust and I’ve never had a safety problem. (2024天津改编) Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 39 (　　)1. Where is the passage taken from? A. A diary. B. A novel. C. A magazine. D. A history book. (　　)2. Who may send Linda the e-mail mentioned in the text? A. A person who refused to lend money to her. B. A person who asked about her experiences. C. A person who sold things to her on the websites. D. A person who tried to cheat her of her money. C D Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 40 (　　)3. What does the underlined word “fault” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Project. B. Mistake. C. Advantage. D. Plan. (　　)4. Who shared enjoyable experiences according to the passage? A. Linda. B. Emily. C. Mark. D. Thomas. (　　)5. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Internet: How safe is it? B. The Bank: How useful is it? C. The Website: How cheap is it? D. The Magazine: How amazing is it? B D A Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 41 Passage 4 On April 8th, in Hangzhou, a young man called Andy ordered and packed his breakfast at a local noodle house and got much more than he expected. Andy shared a video on the Internet about his experience at a noodle house in the morning. In the video, which had over 2. 3 million views, Andy was shocked by what he found in his to-go bag instead of breakfast. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 42 “Why? There’s a couple of thousand yuan in my bag, ” Andy said. “Why would they do this? Why would they give this to me? ” Andy shared his shocking discovery on the Internet. He knew that he could just take the money, but finally, he said he knew what he needed to do. “Now I have to return it because I’m a good person, I guess, ” Andy said, putting the money back into the bag. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 43 After he walked into the noodle house, he gave the bag to a worker at the door. The worker realized he was returning the money they had been looking for. With the grateful(感激的) smiles on their faces, one worker asked if they could give him a hug, which he accepted. Back in the car, Andy reflected on what he had done. “The workers were just all hugging me and thanking me. I got such a great feeling of pride when I saw the look of joy on their faces, ” he said. “Honesty can lead me forward and make my future more colorful, ” he wrote in his diary. (2024滨州) Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 44 (　　)1. What happened to Andy on the morning of April 8th? A. He picked up a to-go bag. B. He lost a couple of thousand yuan. C. He had a delicious breakfast at a noodle house. D. He got some unexpected money at a noodle house. (　　)2. How did Andy feel when he found some money in his bag? A. Excited. B. Shocked. C. Scared. D. Relaxed. D B Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 45 (　　)3. Why did Andy walk into the noodle house again according to the text? A. Because he wanted to make a video. B. Because he planned to return the money. C. Because he wanted to get his breakfast back. D. Because he hoped to get something as return. (　　)4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE? A. The workers were thankful to Andy. B. Andy accepted the hugs from the workers. C. Andy kept the money for himself in the end. D. The video Andy shared online got tons of attention. B C Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 46 (　　)5. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A man honest for returning the money B. A shocking discovery at a noodle house C. A staff person friendly to the customer D. A worker good at making videos on the Internet A Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 47 Passage 5 At an early age, we start learning how to manage money by watching our parents’ spending habits. Don’t worry if we haven’t learned well how to save or spend money. The following life lessons about money can help us form good spending habits. Money doesn’t grow on trees. As kids, we don’t often think about where money comes from. We need to know that our parents work hard to make money, and that it may be used up one day. Going to their workplaces to watch how they work is a great way to understand money is not that easy to make. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 48 We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go. It’s important for us to have a budget(预算). In other words, we need to think about how much money we have and what we really want to spend it on. Realizing that our pocket money can’t cover everything we want, we should make smart spending choices. We should set a clear goal and watch our money grow. If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money. How? Write down how much money we have in a notebook and watch it grow. After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we’ve dreamed about! Reaching our goal will greatly satiate us. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 49 We can talk with our parents about how money is used and where money goes. Do you know what a bank account(账户) is? If not, communicate with our parents. We can also go to the supermarket with our parents to experience how money is spent in the real world. Without doubt, we should treat money in a right way. Actually, learning about money isn’t a hard job. From these lessons, we can get a sense of money management and right money values step by step! (2024河北) Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 50 (　　)1. Where does money come from according to the text? A. Parents’ hard work. B. Kids’ life lessons. C. Good spending habits. D. The bank account. (　　)2. What does the writer want kids to do by giving the example of buying a bicycle? A. Buy a wonderful notebook. B. Make a free spending choice. C. Set a goal of saving money. D. Have an experience of shopping. (　　)3. What does the underlined word “satiate” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Relax. B. Interest. C. Surprise. D. Satisfy. A C D Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 51 (　　)4. Which of the following will the writer probably agree with? A. Adults can make money grow more. B. Kids should have a money spending plan. C. Parents may give kids lots of pocket money. D. Supermarkets will be places to change money. (　　)5. What is the best title for the text? A. Causes of spending money B. Ways of managing money C. Purposes of treating money D. Conditions of saving money B B Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 52 Passage 6 What year were you born in? Are you a dragon? That is to say, were you born in the Year of the Dragon? As we know, the Year of the Dragon has arrived with us for a while, and everyone is excited about talking about dragons. Many of them have noticed that more and more people are using the word “loong” instead of “dragon” in their daily life. Actually, the loongs in Chinese culture, believe it or not, are far different from the dragons in Western culture. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 53 First, let’s talk about their origins(起源). Loongs are connected to stars and rain. They are believed to have to do with the power of emperors in the past. Dragons, however, are related to floods and dangerous waters underground. Second, let’s dig into their stories. Loongs are like messengers between the sky and the earth. They help out the rulers, who become kings because of them. Dragons, though, are troublemakers. They fight with the rulers and can even beat them! But as time passes, dragons lose their shine and heroes start killing them. Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 54 Third, let’s look at what they mean. Since loongs represent(代表) power, they are seen as a symbol of the emperor and an important part of ceremonies and traditions. Dragons, though, are bad news. They are a symbol of evil(恶), and beating the dragons is seen as a victory over evil. Lastly, let’s check out how they look. Loongs are like a mix of animals, with heads like camels and necks like snakes. They don’t need wings to fly because they are already skilled at it. Dragons are more like snakes, living underground and causing problems. They don’t have wings either, but people add those to make them look more impressive. (2024泸州) Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 55 (　　)1. Why does the writer start the passage by asking questions? A. To make a report. B. To do a survey. C. To introduce a normal year. D. To catch readers’ interests. (　　)2. What are loongs connected with according to the passage? A. Stars and the moon. B. The power of emperors. C. Troublemakers and evil. D. Dangerous waters underground. (　　)3. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Rulers. B. Snakes. C. Heroes. D. Loongs. D B A Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 56 (　　)4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Loongs have wings. B. Dragons are good news. C. Loongs are used in ceremonies. D. Dragons’ heads are like camels. (　　)5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The origins of dragons and loongs. B. The meanings of dragons and loongs. C. The stories between dragons and loongs. D. The differences between dragons and loongs. C D Passage 1 Passage 3 题序 Passage 2 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 57 $$