2025年中考英语语法复习：定语从句+被动语态

中考语法复习：定语从句

 

●修饰名词/代词/整个句子的从句。

●先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词/代词。

●关系词：引导定语从句的词—that/which/who/whom

   考点一 定语从句的关系词

that	指人/物，在定语从句中作主语/宾语
which	指物，在定语从句中作主语/宾语
who	指人，在定语从句中作主语
whom	指人，在定语从句中作宾语；口语中可用who替代

e.g. This is the pen that/which I gave him yesterday.

I don’t like the people who/that get angry easily.

This is the women whom/that you want to talk with.

【提醒】

1. 关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略；
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词应与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。

e.g. He is the man (whom/that) I met last night.

The boy who is singing is my brother.

-What kind of music do you like best?

-I like the music which makes me feel happy and relaxed.

考点二 关系代词只用that不用which的情况

1. 当先行词为all/little/much/few/something/everything/none等不定代词时；
2. 当先行词既有人又有物时；
3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；
4. 当先行词被序数词修饰时；

e.g. This is all that she wants to say at the moment.

Let’s talk about the people and things that we can remember.

This is the best zoo that I have visited all my life.

He is the first person that I want to meet when I get to Harbin.

 

中考语法复习：被动语态

 

●语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态。

★主动语态：表示主语是谓语动作的执行者。

★被动语态：表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

 

     考点一 被动语态的基本构成

 

●被动语态的基本构成：be+及物动词的过去分词

时态	被动语态的构成
一般现在时	am/is/are+动词的过去分词
一般过去时	was/were+动词的过去分词
一般将来时	be going to/will be+动词的过去分词

★一般现在时的被动语态

肯定句：主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他.

否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+其他.

一般疑问句：am/is/are+主语+过去分词+其他？

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ am/is/are+主语+过去分词+其他？

e.g. the flowers are watered by me.

The flowers aren’t watered by me.