专题07 短文首字母填空【名校好题期末必刷15篇】-备战2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期末真题分类汇编（江苏专用）

专题07 短文首字母填空 （一） 【来源】江苏省淮安市金湖县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 Big data (大数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put t 1 , so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answer or patterns (样本) in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources (来源), such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies and governments. One set of data can have people’s n 2 and addresses. A 3 set can have what they like, where they study and how much time they s 4 on the computer. Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people t 5 on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems b 6 . Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see w 7 people eat the most ice-cream. Big data can be used for g 8 reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict (预测) if a baby who is born too early will get s 9 . The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict (预测) which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done a 10 wrong. 【答案】 1．(t)ogether 2．(n)ames 3．(A)nother 4．(s)pend 5．(t)ravel 6．(b)etter 7．(w)hen 8．(g)ood 9．(s)ick 10．(a)nything 【导语】本文主要围绕大数据进行展开，介绍大数据的概念、用途和其两面性。 1．句意：大数据是大量的信息集合在一起，因此它们可以被计算机程序使用。由“Big data (大数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put”及首字母可知，大数据是把信息集合在一起，together“一起”符合语境。故填(t)ogether。 2．句意：一组数据可以包含人们的姓名和地址。由“One set of data can have people’s…and addresses”及首字母可知，此处指人的名字和地址，name“名字”符合语境，address用了复数形式，名字也应用复数形式。故填(n)ames。 3．句意：另一组可以有他们喜欢的东西，他们在哪里学习以及他们花在电脑上的时间。由“One set of data”及首字母可知，此处指另一个，another“另一个”符合语境。故填(A)nother。 4．句意：另一组可以有他们喜欢的东西，他们在哪里学习以及他们花在电脑上的时间。由“how much time they…on the computer”及首字母可知，此处指花费时间，spend“花费”符合语境，句子为一般现在时，they作主语，谓语动词用原形。故填(s)pend。 5．句意：政府用它来了解有多少人乘坐公共汽车或火车出行。由“The government uses it to understand how many people…on buses or trains”及首字母可知，此处指乘坐公共汽车或火车出行，travel“旅行”符合语境，句子为一般现在时，people作主语，谓语动词用原形。故填(t)ravel。 6．句意：然后，这些信息被用来改善公共汽车或火车系统。由“This information is then used to make bus or train systems”及首字母可知，此处指用大数据得到的信息让交通系统变得比之前更好，better“更好”符合语境。故填(b)etter。 7．句意：例如，一家公司使用天气数据来查看人们什么时候吃最多的冰淇淋。由“For example, one company uses weather data to see…people eat the most ice-cream”及首字母可知，指吃冰淇淋的时间，应用when引导时间状语从句。故填(w)hen。 8．句意：大数据可以被用于好的理由。由“Big data can also be used for bad reasons”及首字母可知，此处指好的理由，good“好的”符合语境。故填(g)ood。 9．句意：一些医院使用大数据来预测早产婴儿是否会生病。由“The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby”及首字母可知，此处指预测早产婴儿是否生病，sick“生病的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填(s)ick。 10．句意：它可以用来预测哪种人可能违法或伤害他人，即使他们没有做错任何事。由“Big data can also be used for bad reasons”及首字母可知，此处应是指人没有做什么错事，anything“任何事情”符合语境。故填(a)nything。 （二） 【来源】江苏省镇江市句容市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 Many of you should hear of the book Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in C 1 . But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist d 2 the late Ming dynasty. He was born in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Song won third place w 3 Yingming won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they b 4 failed. Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he took part in the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved s 5 . However, he learned about the technologies that were used in different fields on his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams. His wide k 6 made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. The book c 7 more than 130 technologies. There were also many illustrations (插图) to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon a 8 it came out. The Ming dynasty fell in 1644. They r 9 to work for the new Qing government. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems against (反对) the new government. Years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so a 10 that they burned all of Song’s works. However, Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries. 【答案】 1．(C)hinese 2．(d)uring 3．(w)hile 4．(b)oth 5．(s)uccess 6．(k)nowledge 7．(c)overed 8．(a)fter/(a)s 9．(r)efused 10．(a)ngry 【导语】本文主要介绍了《天工开物》的作者宋应星的生平。 1．句意：它是用中文写的最伟大的科技百科全书之一。根据“written in ...”可知，in后应跟语言，结合首字母可知，此处指Chinese“中文”。故填(C)hinese。 2．句意：宋是明末一位杰出的科学家。根据“the late Ming dynasty”及首字母可知，此处指在明朝末期的时候，介词during“在……期间”符合语境。故填(d)uring。 3．句意：宋在省科举考试中获第三名，而应明获第六名。根据“Song won third place w... Yingming won sixth”可知，空前后是表示对比，用while“然而”符合语境。故填(w)hile。 4．句意：后来，他们参加了全国科举考试，但他们都失败了。根据“Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they b... failed.”可知，此处是指他们两兄弟都在全国科举考试中失败了，both“两者都”。故填(b)oth。 5．句意：不幸的是，他从未取得成功。根据“he took part in the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily”可知，他又参加了四次全国科举考试，不幸的是，他没有取得成功，动词achieved后跟名词success“成功”。故填(s)uccess。 6．句意：他的广博知识使他在17世纪30年代完成了《天工开物》的写作。根据“made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu”及首字母可知，是指他广博的知识，空处用不可数名词knowledge“知识”。故填(k)nowledge。 7．句意：这本书涵盖了130多项技术。根据“more than 130 technologies”可知，是指这本书涵盖了130多项技术，cover“覆盖，包含”，句子为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填(c)overed。 8．句意：这本书出版后很快就很受欢迎/这本书一出版就很受欢迎。根据“The book became popular soon a.. it came out.”可知，是指书出版后就很受欢迎，用after“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句；也可用as“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填(a)fter/(a)s。 9．句意：他们拒绝为新的清政府工作。根据“In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems against (反对) the new government.”可知，他们拒绝为清政府工作，refuse“拒绝”，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(r)efused。 10．句意：他们很生气，把宋的全部作品都烧掉了。根据“they burned all of Song’s works.”及首字母可知，是指他们如此生气以至于把宋的全部作品都烧掉了，angry“生气的”，作表语。故填(a)ngry。 （三） 【来源】江苏省扬州市仪征市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） I am a plastic bottle. A week ago, I was on a supermarket shelf, the s 1 as all my brothers and sisters—other bottles full of water. I felt really happy. Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the f 2 . It was cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. However, only a few hours later, she t 3 me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and a 4 in my life. Early the next morning, a man took me out of the litter bin. He threw me and the other rubbish into the b 5 of a truck. There were so many awful smells. Then I was pushed together with the r 6 of the rubbish. Soon I was completely flat. I cannot believe how thin I became. I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found m 7 in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid. I kept h 8 that I would be moved somewhere else. Then huge trucks came and covered us with a lot of soil. I asked another bottle w 9 would happen to us. He said that we would never leave this crowded place, but would stay here for t 10 of years. “Why can’t they reuse or recycle us?” I cried. 【答案】 1．(s)ame 2．(f)ridge 3．(t)ook 4．(a)fraid/(a)wful 5．(b)ack 6．(r)est 7．(m)yself 8．(h)oping 9．(w)hat 10．(t)housands 【导语】本文以一个塑料瓶的口吻自述，讲述自己的经历：从被买，进冰箱，被喝完水后扔进垃圾桶，被收进垃圾车，被压扁，到最后被土壤填埋。最后提出问题：为什么塑料没有被再利用或循环利用。 1．句意：一周前，我和所有兄弟姐妹——其他装满水的瓶子一样，在超市的货架上。根据“the...as”和首字母提示可知，此处应是the same as“与……一样”。故填(s)ame。 2．句意：那个女人把我带回家，把我放在冰箱里。根据下文“It was cold...me out of the fridge”和首字母提示可知，此处指在冰箱里，fridge“冰箱”。故填(f)ridge。 3．句意：然而，仅仅几个小时后，她就把我从冰箱里拿出来，喝了我装着的水。根据“However, only a few hours later, she...me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me.”和首字母提示可知，此处指把瓶子从冰箱里拿出来，take sth. out of...“从……中拿出某物”，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(t)ook。 4．句意：我一生中从未感到如此空虚和害怕/糟糕。根据“Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and...in my life.”和首字母提示可知，她把“我”扔进垃圾箱里，“我”感到空虚和害怕/糟糕，afraid“害怕的”/awful“糟糕的”符合语境，在此处作表语。故填(a)fraid/(a)wful。 5．句意：他把我和其他垃圾扔进了一辆卡车的后备箱里。根据“He threw me and the other rubbish into the...of a truck.”和首字母提示可知，把垃圾扔进卡车的后备箱，back of a truck“卡车后备箱”。故填(b)ack。 6．句意：然后我和其他垃圾被推到了一起。根据上文“He threw me and the other rubbish into...”和首字母提示可知，此处指其他垃圾，the rest of“其余的……”。故填(r)est。 7．句意：当我醒来时，我发现自己在一个可怕的地方。根据“When I woke up, I found...in a terrible place.”和首字母提示可知，醒来后发现自己身处于一个很可怕的地方，主语是“I”，空处应是反身代词myself“我自己”。故填(m)yself。 8．句意：我一直希望我能被转移到别的地方。根据上文“Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid.”可知，“我”周围的一切都很丑陋，散发着难闻的气味，“我”感到害怕。结合首字母提示，此处应是表示“希望自己能被转移到别处”，hope“希望”，keep doing sth.“一直做某事”。故填(h)oping。 9．句意：我问另一个瓶子我们会怎么样。根据“...would happen to us.”和首字母提示可知，此处应是what would happen“会发生什么”。故填(w)hat。 10．句意：他说我们永远不会离开这个拥挤的地方，而是会在这里待上几千年。for后接时间段，结合首字母提示，此处应是thousands of years“数千年”。故填(t)housands。 （四） 【来源】江苏省淮安市盱眙县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 In recent years, it has become popular for women to wear a traditional qipao dress. Especially during the National College Entrance Examination, better k 1 as the “gaokao”, many mothers wear “qipao” to wish their children good l 2 in the exam. The reason is that “qipao” stands for the Chinese phrase “qi kai de sheng”, m 3 victory. Some people believe the qipao came from gowns (长袍) w 4 by women in the Qing Dynasty. Influenced by Western c 5 , it changed continually during the early 20th century, becoming more fitted and body-hugging (贴身的). After years of development, the qipao is now m 6 divided into Beijing styles, Shanghai styles and Hong Kong styles. There are many d 7 in color and design. The Beijing-style qipao is more traditional than Shanghai-style and Hong Kong-style qipaos. The colours of Beijing-style qipaos are m 8 brighter. High-quality Beijing-style qipaos are usually made by hand, so the price is very h 9 . The qipao is a very classic product to represent the beauty of traditional Chinese clothing. It shows not only the h 10 of the Han people, but also the footprints of other cultures on the land. 【答案】 1．(k)nown 2．(l)uck 3．(m)eaning 4．(w)orn 5．(c)ulture 6．(m)ainly 7．(d)ifferences 8．(m)uch 9．(h)igh 10．(h)istory 【导语】本文主要介绍了旗袍的发展和不同风格的旗袍。 1．句意：特别是在全国高考期间，更广为人知的是“高考”，许多母亲穿上“旗袍”，祝孩子在考试中好运。be known as“被称为……”，为固定用法。故填(k)nown。 2．句意：特别是在全国高考期间，更广为人知的是“高考”，许多母亲穿上“旗袍”，祝孩子在考试中好运。根据“many mothers wear ‘qipao’ to wish their children good ... in the exam.”可知，此处是指母亲穿上“旗袍”祝孩子在考试中好运，good luck“好运”。故填(l)uck。 3．句意：原因是“旗袍”代表汉语短语“旗开得胜”，意思是胜利。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词，且“qi kai de sheng”与“victory”存在主动关系，所以用动词ing形式。故填(m)eaning。 4．句意：有些人认为旗袍来自清朝女性所穿的长袍。根据“by women”可知，此处应用过去分词表示被动含义，结合首字母提示可知，此处应用worn“被穿”。故填(w)orn。 5．句意：受西方文化的影响，20世纪初，旗袍不断变化，变得更加合身和贴身。根据“Influenced by Western ... it changed continually during the early 20th century, becoming more fitted and body-hugging (贴身的).”及首字母提示可知，此处是指受西方文化的影响，culture“文化”，不可数名词。故填(c)ulture。 6．句意：旗袍经过多年的发展，现在主要分为京派、海派和港派。根据“the qipao is now ... divided into Beijing styles, Shanghai styles and Hong Kong styles”可知，此处是指旗袍现在主要分为京派、海派和港派，mainly“主要地”。故填(m)ainly。 7．句意：在颜色和图案上有很多不同。根据“The Beijing-style qipao is more traditional than Shanghai-style and Hong Kong-style qipaos. The colours of Beijing-style qipaos are ... brighter.”可知，此处是指在颜色和图案上有很多不同，difference“差异”，为可数名词，结合空前“many”可知，此处应用复数名词。故填(d)ifferences。 8．句意：北京旗袍的颜色要鲜艳得多。此处应用much修饰比较级“brighter”。故填(m)uch。 9．句意：高质量的京式旗袍通常是手工制作的，所以价格非常高。根据“High-quality Beijing-style qipaos”及“so the price is very ...”可知，此处是指高质量的京式旗袍价格非常高，high“高的”。故填(h)igh。 10．句意：它不仅展示了汉人的历史，也展示了其他文化在这片土地上的足迹。根据“It shows not only the ... of the Han people, but also the footprints of other cultures on the land.”及首字母提示可知，此处是指旗袍展示了汉人的历史，history“历史”，结合空前定冠词“the”可知，此处应用单数名词。故填(h)istory。 （五） 【来源】江苏省扬州市江都区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据对话内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使对话完整。（每空一词） The three girls were very kind to us. They p 1 a lovely dinner and gave us their bedrooms to sleep in. I felt really b 2 that the king and the duke were cheating (欺骗) them. I must do s 3 to stop them. So I put the bag of gold under Peter’s hands b 4 the coffin (棺材) were closed and taken to the graveyard. Later the king and the duke organised a sale to get money. It was a 5 over when two people came: very nice-looking gentlemen, an old one and a younger one. The old man began to s 6 . “I am Harvey Wilks and this is my brother William,” he said. I wasn’t expecting this. The king wasn’t either, but he didn’t show his s 7 . He laughed and said, “They are telling a lie!” All the people shouted to agree e 8 Doctor Robinson and Levi Bell. “We must find out the truth,” Levi Bell said. “Can you prove (证明) you are Peter Wilks’ brothers?” The old gentleman t 9 for a moment. Then he turned to the king and said, “Peter had a tattoo on his chest. What was it?” The king’s face went p 10 and didn’t say anything for a few minutes. Then he said, “I can tell you. It was a small blue arrow.” — Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 【答案】 1．(p)repared/(p)rovided 2．(b)ad 3．(s)omething 4．(b)efore 5．(a)lmost 6．(s)peak 7．(s)urprise 8．(e)xcept 9．(t)hought 10．(p)ale 【导语】本文摘自《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》中的一段，讲述了国王和公爵骗钱时发生的事情。 1．句意：她们/准备/提供了一顿丰盛的晚餐，并让我们在他们的卧室里睡觉。根据“...a lovely dinner”及首字母可知，应是准备了/提供了晚餐，prepare“准备”，provide“提供”，由gave可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用动词的过去式，故填(p)repared/(p)rovided。 2．句意：国王和公爵欺骗了她们，我感到非常不好。根据“... the king and the duke were cheating (欺骗) them”及首字母可知，她们对作者很好，得知她们被欺骗，应是感到难过，bad“不好的”，形容词作表语，故填(b)ad。 3．句意：我必须做点什么来阻止他们。根据“ do ... to stop them.”及首字母可知，是做点事情来阻止，something“某事”符合语境，故填(s)omething。 4．句意：所以在棺材合上，运到墓地之前，我把那袋金子放在彼得的手上。根据“ I put the bag of gold under Peter’s hands ...the coffin (棺材) were closed and taken to the graveyard”及首字母可知，应是在棺材合上之前放的，before“在……之前”符合语境，故填(b)efore。 5．句意：快结束的时候来了两个人：两位相貌英俊的绅士，一位老一些，一位年轻一些。根据“Later the king and the duke organised a sale to get money.”和“ It was ... over ”及首字母可知，应是说拍卖几乎要结束的时候，almost“几乎”符合语境，故填(a)lmost。 6．句意：老人开始说话了。根据“he said”可知，应是说开始说话了，结合首字母，与say同义的词应是speak，to后跟动词原形。故填(s)peak。 7．句意：国王也没料到，但他没有表现出惊讶。根据“The king wasn’t either,”及but表示转折可知，没料到，但是也没表现出惊讶，surprise“惊讶”，在句中作宾语。故填(s)urprise。 8．句意：除了罗宾逊医生和利瓦伊·贝尔，所有的人都大声表示同意。根据“All the people shouted to agree...Doctor Robinson and Levi Bell.”及首字母可知，应是除了两人所有人都同意，不包括两人在内，所以用except“除了……外，不包括”，故填(e)xcept。 9．句意：老先生想了一会儿。根据“Can you prove (证明) you are Peter Wilks’ brothers?”及首字母和语境可知，应是听了这个问题后，想了一会儿，think“想，思考”，时态是一般过去时，所以此处用动词的过去式。故填(t)hought。 10．句意：国王的脸变得苍白，有几分钟没说什么。根据“face went ... and didn’t say anything for a few minutes.”及首字母可知，应是脸变得苍白，pale“苍白的”，形容词作表语，故填(p)ale。 （一） 【来源】江苏省连云港市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 The UK is a country with good manners. How can you behave properly as a stranger in the UK? Here is some u 1 information for you. British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the f 2 time. They only greet relatives or c 3 friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with s 4 like the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid t 5 about age, weight or money. In public, British people always keep their voice down instead of shouting or laughing l 6 . If you’re in their way, they’ll say “e 7 me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. British people are p 8 at home too. They say “please” or “thank you” all the time. Instead of saying “no”, they often say “I’m all right, thank you” when they want to r 9 something. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a s 10 place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture. 【答案】 1．(u)seful 2．(f)irst 3．(c)lose 4．(s)ubjects/(s)omething 5．(t)alking 6．(l)oudly/(l)oud 7．(e)xcuse 8．(p)olite 9．(r)efuse 10．(s)trange 【导语】本文介绍了在英国作为陌生人如何表现得体，包括初次见面的问候方式、交谈话题的选择、公共场合的礼仪以及家庭中的礼貌用语，并强调了尊重当地文化的重要性。 1．句意：这里有一些对你有用的信息。根据下文介绍的内容和首字母u可知，本文提供的是有用的信息，形容词useful“有用的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词information。故填(u)seful。 2．句意：英国人第一次见到你时通常会说“你好”或“见到你很高兴”，并和你握手。根据“say ‘hello’ or ‘nice to meet you’”和首字母f可知，说“你好”或“见到你很高兴”应是第一次见面时，first“首次的”符合语境。故填(f)irst。 3．句意：他们只与亲戚或亲密的朋友亲吻。根据“...friends with a kiss.”和首字母c可知，会用亲吻的方式去打招呼的应是亲密的朋友，形容词close“亲密的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词friend。故填(c)lose。 4．句意：他们喜欢用天气、假期、音乐或书籍之类的话题来开始谈话。根据“like the weather, holidays, music or books.”和首字母s可知，天气、假期、音乐或书籍都是谈话的话题，可数名词subject“话题”符合语境，此处应用复数形式；此句为肯定句，也可用不定代词something。故填(s)ubjects/(s)omething。 5．句意：他们避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱。根据“They avoid...about age, weight or money.”和首字母t可知，出于礼貌，避免谈论年龄，体重，金钱等个人隐私，talk about“谈论”，avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。故填(t)alking。 6．句意：在公共场合，英国人总是压低声音，而不是大声喊叫或大笑。根据“instead of”可知，此处和“keep their voice down”相反，应指“笑得很大声”，应用副词loudly/loud“高声地”，修饰动词laugh。故填(l)oudly/(l)oud。 7．句意：如果你挡了他们的路，他们会说“对不起”，然后礼貌地等你走开。根据“If you’re in their way”可知，想让别人让路，应说“对不起”，excuse me“对不起”。故填(e)xcuse。 8．句意：英国人在家里也很有礼貌。根据下文“They say ‘please’ or ‘thank you’ all the time.”可知，他们在家也总说“请”或“谢谢”，由此可知他们在家也很有礼貌，形容词polite“有礼貌的”符合语境，在句中作表语。故填(p)olite。 9．句意：当他们想拒绝某事时，他们通常会说“我很好，谢谢你”，而不是说“不”。根据“saying ‘no’”可知，说“不”就是在拒绝，动词refuse“拒绝”符合语境，want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故填(r)efuse。 10．句意：当我们在一个陌生的地方，我们应该努力了解和尊重当地的文化。根据“When we are in a...place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture.”和首字母s可推测，此处指在陌生的地方也要理解和尊重当地的文化，形容词strange“陌生的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词place。故填(s)trange。 （二） 【来源】江苏省镇江市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 How did Confucius (孔子) live his life? What is the best life in his eyes? He gave his a 1 in the book The Analects of Confucius. His idea is still m 2 to us today. Let’s see what Confucius said. 子曰：“饭疏食饮；曲肱而枕之，乐亦在其中矣义而富且贵，于我如浮云。”——《论语》 Confucius said, “eating coarse food, drinking water, my arms as my pillow, it is much fun. Wealth and ranks got through injustice are like floating clouds to me.” —The Analects of Confucius (Translated by Zhao Yanchun) What does it mean? Wei Shengkun, a Chinese teacher in Beijing, e 3 it to us. You eat simple food every day. You can’t have milk tea or soft drinks. When you sleep, you have no pillow. How long could you live such a life? Many of us might be a 4 to live this way for very long. But Confucius said that such a life was not painful for him at all. I 5 , he enjoyed it. How could Confucius be happy about such a simple life? Because he knew w 6 was most important to him. It was not money or social status (地位), b 7 moral (道德的) and spiritual (精神的) richness. He said people should make money in the r 8 way. If he got lots of money in a wrong way, then it would be as unreal as c 9 in the sky. Like Confucius, his student Yan Hui also believed in the power of morality. It brings t 10 value (价值)to one’s life. By learning from them, we can look for spiritual richness. 【答案】 1．(a)nswers 2．(m)eaningful 3．(e)xplained 4．(a)ble 5．(I)nstead 6．(w)hat 7．(b)ut 8．(r)ight 9．(c)louds 10．(t)rue 【导语】本文介绍了孔子在《论语》中解释了他是如何生活的，以及什么是最好的生活。 1．句意：他在《论语》一书中给出了答案。根据“How did Confucius(孔子)live his life? What is the best life in his eyes?”和首字母a可知，针对这些问题，给出他的答案，故填(a)nswers。 2．句意：他的思想今天对我们仍然有意义。根据“His idea is still”和首字母m可知，他的思想仍然有意义，meaningful“有意义的”，作为系动词is的表语，用形容词，故填(m)eaningful。 3．句意：北京的语文老师魏胜坤为我们解释。根据“What does it mean?”和首字母e可知，他解释它的意思，explain“解释”，叙述发生过的事情，用一般过去时，故填(e)xplained。 4．句意：我们中的许多人可能会以这种方式生活很长时间。be able to do sth.“能做某事”，故填(a)ble。 5．句意：相反，他乐在其中。结合句意，前一句表示孔子说，这样的生活对他来说一点也不痛苦，后一句表示他乐在其中，因此表示他反而不痛苦，用副词instead“反而”。故填(I)nstead。 6．句意：因为他知道对他来说什么是最重要的。此处作为宾语从句，作主语，表示事物，用what“什么”，故填(w)hat。 7．句意：它不是金钱或社会地位，而是道德和精神的丰富。not...but...“不是……，而是……”，故填(b)ut。 8．句意：他说人们应该用正确的方式赚钱。根据“If he got lots of money in a wrong way, then it would be as unreal as c...in the sky.”可知，此处表示要用正确的方式赚钱，right“正确的”，故填(r)ight。 9．句意：如果他以错误的方式得到很多钱，那就像天上的云一样不真实。根据“Wealth and ranks got through injustice are like floating clouds to me.”和首字母c可知，通过不公正获得的财富和地位对我来说就像浮云，cloud“云”，天上不是只有一片云，用复数形式，故填(c)louds。 10．句意：它给人的生命带来真正的价值。根据“Like Confucius, his student Yan Hui also believed in the power of morality.”和首字母t可知，他相信道德的力量，因此它给人带来真正的价值，true“真正的”，是形容词，修饰名词value，用形容词，故填(t)rue。 （三） 【来源】江苏省南通市海安市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 Fan Liyun is a Chinese teacher. She works at the Confucius Institute (孔子学院) at a university in Hungary. This spring t 1 , more students are taking the institute’s courses. Fan was not very much s 2 by this. Last year, she offered a course on Chinese tea culture. It was w 3 received by students. Fan and her students got together once a week for class. They made and t 4 different types of Chinese tea. Fan taught the students how to perform the tea ceremony. She also shared tea-related s 5 with them. “It was a great experience,” said Flora, one of Fan’s students, “D 6 tea helped me calm my mind!” “The tea culture is very inclusive,” said Fan. “We d 7 many topics in class, such as history and philosophy (哲学). For example, tea usually tastes a little bitter at first, but you can feel the sweetness in the aftertaste. Just like life, there is no sweetness w 8 hard work.” In the future, Fan hopes to s 9 up a tea culture experience centre at the institute. She wants to help more locals understand Chinese tea culture. “Sometimes a shared experience can be a way to a 10 better cultural exchange,” she said. “One good example is having a cup of tea together.” 【答案】 1．(t)erm 2．(s)urprised 3．(w)ell 4．(t)asted 5．(s)tories 6．(D)rinking 7．(d)iscussed 8．(w)ithout 9．(s)et 10．(a)chieve 【导语】本文主要介绍了Fan Liyun是孔子学院的一名老师，她教授中国茶文化，她希望未来建立一个茶文化体验中心，帮助更多的当地人了解中国茶文化。 1．句意：今年春季学期，更多的学生选修了学院的课程。根据“more students are taking the institute’s courses”及首字母提示可知，应表达今年春季学期，term“学期”，用单数形式表示这个学期。故填(t)erm。 2．句意：Fan对此并不感到意外。根据“she offered a course on Chinese tea culture. It was well received by students.”及首字母提示可知，应表达她并不感到意外，surprised“吃惊的”，主语是人。故填(s)urprised。 3．句意：受到学生的好评。根据“more students are taking the institute’s courses”及首字母提示可知，应表达受到好评，well“好”，修饰动词received。故填(w)ell。 4．句意：他们制作并品尝了不同种类的中国茶。根据“different types of Chinese tea”及首字母提示可知，应表达品尝了不同种类的中国茶，taste“品尝”，根据made可知，时态为一般过去时，taste的过去式为tasted。故填(t)asted。 5．句意：她还与他们分享了与茶有关的故事。根据“She also shared tea-related s...with them.”及首字母提示可知，应表达分享故事，story“故事”，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填(s)tories。 6．句意：“这是一次很棒的经历，”Fan的学生Flora说，“喝茶让我平静了下来！”根据“tasted different types of Chinese tea”及首字母提示可知，应表达喝茶让我平静下来，drink“喝”，这里用动名词作主语。故填(D)rinking。 7．句意：我们在课堂上讨论了许多话题，比如历史和哲学。根据“such as history and philosophy (哲学)”及首字母提示可知，空处应表达讨论许多话题，discuss“讨论”，动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，discuss的过去式为discussed。故填(d)iscussed。 8．句意：就像人生一样，不努力就没有甜蜜。根据“there is no sweetness w...hard work.”及首字母提示可知，应表达不努力就没有甜蜜，用介词without“没有”。故填(w)ithout。 9．句意：未来，Fan希望在学院建立一个茶文化体验中心。根据“a tea culture experience centre”及首字母提示可知，应表达建立，set up“建立”，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，空处用动词原形。故填(s)et。 10．句意：“有时候共同的经历可能是实现更好的文化交流的一种方式，”她说。根据“She wants to help more locals understand Chinese tea culture.”及首字母提示可知，应表达实现更好的文化交流，achieve“实现”，a way to do sth.“做某事的一种方式”，空处用动词原形。故填(a)chieve。 （四） 【来源】江苏省宿迁市泗洪县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Which animal do you think is the No. I pet in China, cats or dogs? Many people think cats are the winners. According to Petdata.cn, the number of pet cats in China increased (增长) to 69.8 m 1 in 2023! It is higher than that of pet dogs in the same year. Why do s 2 many people choose cats? Liu Lang, a 28-year-old policeman, thinks that looking after dogs is h 3 than cats. “Dogs n 4 walking every day. It is difficult, especially for young and middle-aged people with a lot of w 5 to do.” said Liu. Keeping a cat also makes a difference to someone who lives a 6 . It brings companionship (陪伴) and joy. Chen Haoxing is a retired (退休的) worker. In his s 7 time, he often watches his cats play on the lawn. “They make my life m 8 fantastic.” he said. However, some doctors warn that keeping cats may bring some t 9 . If some one is allergic (对……过敏的) to cat hair, it is dangerous for him to stay w 10 a cat. Moreover, if someone has difficulty in sleeping at night, the meow (喵喵叫) of a cat can be very disturbing (烦扰人的). So, which animal would you like to keep? 【答案】 1．(m)illion 2．(s)o 3．(h)arder 4．(n)eed 5．(w)ork 6．(a)lone 7．(s)pare 8．(m)ore 9．(t)rouble 10．(w)ith 【导语】本文介绍了中国养猫的现状、养猫的好处以及养猫的一些麻烦。 1．句意：到2023年，中国宠物猫的数量将增至6980万只！根据“It is higher than that of pet dogs in the same year.”可知，这里是指中国宠物猫的数量，结合首字母可知，million“百万”符合语境。故填(m)illion。 2．句意：为什么这么多人选择猫呢？此处是短语so many“那么多的”。故填(s)o。 3．句意：刘朗是一名28岁的警察，他认为养狗比养猫更难。根据下文“It is difficult”可知，他认为养狗比养猫难。hard“困难的”，结合“than”可知，应用比较级。故填(h)arder。 4．句意：狗需要每天遛。根据“walking every day.”可知，狗需要每天遛。need“需要”，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(n)eed。 5．句意：这很难，特别是对于有很多工作要做的年轻人和中年人。根据“for young and middle-aged people with a lot of...to do”可知，年轻人和中年人有很多工作要做。work“工作”，不可数名词。故填(w)ork。 6．句意：养猫对独自生活的人也有影响。根据“It brings companionship (陪伴)”可知，猫可以给独居的人带来陪伴，应用副词alone“独自”修饰动词。故填(a)lone。 7．句意：在业余时间，他经常看着他的猫在草坪上玩耍。根据“time, he often watches his cats play on the lawn.”可知，是指业余时间，应用spare time。故填(s)pare。 8．句意：它们让我的生活更加精彩。空后是形容词，结合首字母m可知，这里使用比较级more fantastic。故填(m)ore。 9．句意：然而，一些医生警告说，养猫可能会带来一些麻烦。根据“warn”以及“If some one is allergic (对……过敏的) to cat hair, it is dangerous for him to stay”可知，养猫也会带来一些麻烦，应用名词trouble，此处是不可数名词。故填(t)rouble。 10．句意：如果有人对猫毛过敏，他和猫待在一起是危险的。根据“stay...a cat.”可知，是短语stay with“和……待在一起”。故填(w)ith。 （五） 【来源】江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 The Chinese character Fu is a necessity in Spring Festival celebrations. Nowadays, Fu, as a cultural sign, e 1 people’s best wishes for the coming year. Yet, in the past, the character mainly meant luck and fortune. The tradition (传统) of sticking the character Fu on w 2 and doors has been around for a long time. It’s recorded that people already practised this tradition in the Song Dynasty. The character can be w 3 or printed. It can be stuck either normally or upside down, because in Chinese, the “reversed Fu” and “Fu arrives” sound s 4 to each other, both being pronounced as “Fu dao le”. There is a story about the origin of sticking the “reversed Fu”. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, once used the character fu as a secret signal to kill a family for insulting (侮辱) his wife, Empress Ma. To a 5 the disaster, the kind-hearted empress ordered every family in the capital to stick the character Fu in front of their own doors. All the people followed the empress’s order, but one family didn’t know h 6 to read or write. They had stuck the character upside down. On the second day when the soldiers went to the streets, they found the character e 7 , including the upside down one. When the emperor heard this, he said, a 8 to the soldiers, “I will kill the family who stuck the character differently.” But Empress Ma e 9 , “That family had known that you would come to visit them today, so they stuck the character upside down on purpose. Doesn’t that have the same m 10 as ‘Fu comes’?” The emperor agreed with his wife and set the family free. From that time on, people began to stick Fu upside down for the purpose of hoping for luck and remembering Empress Ma. 【答案】 1．(e)xpresses 2．(w)alls 3．(w)ritten 4．(s)imilar 5．(a)void 6．(h)ow 7．(e)verywhere 8．(a)ngrily 9．(e)xplained 10．(m)eaning 【导语】本文主要讲述了贴 “倒福” 的历史故事。 1．句意：如今，“福”作为文化符号，表达了人们对来年的美好祝愿。根据“Nowadays”可知，本句用一般现在时。主语“Fu”是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。根据句意和首字母，可知此处express“表达”。故填(e)xpresses。 2．句意：在墙上和门上贴“福”字的传统由来已久。根据“and doors”和首字母，可知此处指wall“墙”，且需用名词复数表示并列。故填(w)alls。 3．句意：这个字可以书写，也可以打印。根据“or printed”和首字母，可知此处指write“书写”，且需用过去分词表示并列。故填(w)ritten。 4．句意：它既可以正常发音，也可以上下颠倒，因为在汉语中，“颠倒的福”和“福到”发音相似，都读作“福到”。根据首字母提示，similar to“与……相似”，为固定短语。故填(s)imilar。 5．句意：为了避免这场灾难，善良的皇后命令京城的每家每户都在自家门前贴上“福”字。不定式To后面需用动词原形，根据语境和首字母，可知此处指avoid“避免”。故填(a)void。 6．句意：所有的人都听从皇后的命令，但有一家不会读书写字。根据首字母，可知此处指how“如何”，how to do“如何做”。故填(h)ow。 7．句意：第二天，当士兵们走到街上时，他们发现到处都是这个字，包括颠倒的那个字。根据“All the people followed the empress’s order”以及首字母提示，可知到处都是这个字，everywhere“到处”。故填(e)verywhere。 8．句意：当皇帝听到这些，他生气地对士兵们说：“我要杀了那个与众不同的人。”根据“I will kill the family who stuck the character differently.”以及首字母，可知国王很生气，此处用angrily“生气地”修饰动词。故填(a)ngrily。 9．句意：但马皇后解释道：“那家人知道你今天会来看他们，所以故意把字倒过来贴。”根据句意和首字母， 可知此处表示explain“解释”，根据全文时态一致原则，可知本句用一般过去时。故填(e)xplained。 10．句意：这不是和“福到了”一样的意思吗？根据“the same”可知，此处指meaning“意思”，此处指的是“福到了”的意思，填单数。故填(m)eaning。 （六） 【来源】江苏省扬州市扬州中学文昌教育集团2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） What is Earth Hour? Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go d 1 ,” that is, turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour. Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. Since then, it has grown into an i 2 event, and many countries around the world have taken part. Famous buildings that have gone dark for Earth Hour include Buckingham Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing and New York’s Empire State Building. E 3 astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station, and Google has shown its s 4 by making a dark homepage for the event. What’s the idea b 5 Earth Hour? The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and call for a 6 to protect nature. It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. But this is only the b 7 . On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of environmental issues and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature. For example, eating less meat, using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy o 8 and using green forms of transport all help the planet. But on another level, a large number of people all acting t 9 sends a powerful message to governments and companies. It p 10 them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions. 【答案】 1．(d)ark 2．(i)nternational 3．(E)ven 4．(s)upport 5．(b)ehind 6．(a)ction 7．(b)eginning 8．(o)nes 9．(t)ogether 10．(p)ushes 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球一小时活动的起源、活动和意义。 1．句意：在这天晚上，人们“变暗”，也就是说，在家里、学校和公司的灯都在同一时间关灯一个小时。根据“turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour.”和首字母d可知，此处指处在黑暗中，dark“黑暗的”符合句意。故填(d)ark。 2．句意：从那时起，它已经发展成为一个国际活动，世界上许多国家都参加了。根据“and many countries around the world have taken part”和首字母i可知，地球一小时成为了一个国际活动，形容词international“国际的”作定语修饰event。故填(i)nternational。 3．句意：即使是在空间站的宇航员也通过减少在空间站上的电力使用来参与其中，谷歌也为该活动制作了一个黑色的主页，以示支持。根据“astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station”和首字母E可知，甚至空间站的宇航员也参与了该活动，副词even“甚至”符合句意。故填(E)ven。 4．句意：即使是在空间站的宇航员也通过减少在空间站上的电力使用来参与其中，谷歌也为该活动制作了一个黑色的主页，以示支持。根据“Google has shown its...by making a dark homepage for the event.”和首字母s可知，谷歌也支持这项活动，应用名词support“支持”作宾语。故填(s)upport。 5．句意：地球一小时背后的理念是什么？根据“The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and...”和首字母b可知，此处指该活动背后的含义，介词behind“在……后面”符合句意。故填(b)ehind。 6．句意：该活动旨在提高人们对环境问题的认识，并呼吁采取行动保护自然。根据“It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.”和首字母a可知，此处指采取行动保护自然，应用名词action“行动”作宾语。故填(a)ction。 7．句意：但这仅仅是个开始。根据“It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.”和首字母b可知，关灯仅仅是一个开始，名词beginning“开始”符合句意。故填(b)eginning。 8．句意：例如，少吃肉，使用低能量的电器而不是高能量的电器，使用绿色交通工具，这些都有助于保护地球。根据“using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy...”和首字母o可知，此处应用代词ones指代electrical items。故填(o)nes。 9．句意：但在另一个层面上，很多人一起行动向政府和公司发出了一个强有力的信息。根据“a large number of people all acting...”和首字母t可知，此处指多人一起行动，副词together“一起”符合句意。故填(t)ogether。 10．句意：它促使他们在做出重大决定时考虑环保问题，从而采取大规模行动。根据“...them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions.”和首字母p可知，此处指促使政府和公司考虑环保问题，动词push“推动，促使”符合句意。本句时态为一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，动词要用三单形式。故填(p)ushes。 （七） 【来源】江苏省扬州市邗江区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a small town but it’s near a very big river c 1 the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft. Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e 2 . Judge Thatcher put it in the bank. I didn’t have a f 3 or a home. My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a 4 . I lived on the streets and in the woods. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and my life c 5 . She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b 6 learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I was g 7 to go. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h 8 things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt f 9 there and I was happy. I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars. The months passed and w 10 came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap! —Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 【答案】 1．(c)alled 2．(e)ach 3．(f)amily 4．(a)ge 5．(c)hanged 6．(b)ecause 7．(g)lad 8．(h)ardest 9．(f)ree 10．(w)inter 【导语】本文主要介绍了Huckleberry Finn的悲惨遭遇，在遇到了一个善良的Widow Douglas老太太之后，他的生活改变了。 1．句意：它是一个小镇，但是它靠近一条叫做密西西比河的大河。根据“a very big river c…the Mississippi”可知，此处指“被叫做密西西比河”，call“称呼”符合题意，此处用其过去分词作后置定语。故填(c)alled。 2．句意：我们每个人得到6000美元。根据“Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich”可知，作者和Tom sawyer两个人发现12000美元，因此每人6000美元。each表示“每个”。故填(e)ach。 3．句意：我没有家人或家。根据“My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared”可知作者没有家人。a后接可数名词单数。family表示“家人；家庭”。故填(f)amily。 4．句意：我不像我同龄的其他男孩一样去上学。根据“the other boys of my…”及首字母可知，此处指“其他的同龄男孩”，age“年龄”符合。故填(a)ge。 5．句意：后来，一位善良的老妇人Douglas请我去跟她一起住，我的人生发生了改变。此空是谓语动词，并且时态为一般过去时。根据“She gave me bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day”可知，作者的人生发生了改变。change表示“改变”，此处用过去式changed。故填(c)hanged。 6．句意：起初我不喜欢去那因为学习非常难。此空是连词连接两个句子，前后句表示因果关系，应该用because引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 7．句意：但当我能读会写的时候，我很高兴去了。be glad to do sth.“高兴做某事”。故填(g)lad。 8．句意：对我来说，在餐桌前吃饭、在软软的床上睡觉是最难的事情。此空是形容词作定语修饰名词things，根据the可知此处是形容词最高级形式。根据“I missed my old life”可知现在这种生活作者觉得很难。hard表示“困难的”。故填(h)ardest。 9．句意：我在那感觉很自由，我很快乐。feel为系动词，与形容词构成系表结构。根据“I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars”及首字母可知，在那里的日子很自由，free表示“自由的”。故填(f)ree。 10．句意：几个月过去了，冬天来了。根据“One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the window’s house”可知，冬天来了。winter表示“冬天”。故填(w)inter。 （八） 【来源】江苏省南通市启东市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据首字母提示及短文内容填写所缺的单词，使短文完整通顺。 Perhaps your childhood piano lessons made you never want to play the piano again. Perhaps a piano is too expensive for you to a 1 . Now, thanks to a program in Sydney called “Play Me, I’m yours”, people are able to play the piano in many p 2 places for free. They share beautiful music, and the program also helps them communicate with each other. Thirty pianos have been placed in d 3 parts of the city, i 4 in several parks, at a bus stop and on some streets. The pianos have the logo “Play Me, I’m yours” on them. People are usually i 5 in playing music or singing songs with the pianos, no matter what level of ability they have. Lots of people have been attracted to the program and stopped to w 6 or play the pianos. “Play Me, I’m yours” is a part of the Sydney Festival. It is a project of the British artist, Luck Jerram. He wants to help people in the city connect with each other. He thinks that so many people are sitting in front of computers too long and b 7 with their work all hours and they s 8 have any chance to enjoy music. So the main p 9 of the project is to help them relax and make new friends. The program “Play Me, I’m yours” has also reached England and Brazil before. It was warmly welcomed there. But the program won its greatest s 10 at the Sydney Festival. “It’s a good chance for people to be creative, connect with strangers and just have some fun,” Jerram said. 【答案】 1．(a)fford 2．(p)ublic 3．(d)ifferent 4．(i)ncluding 5．(i)nvited 6．(w)atch 7．(b)usy 8．(s)eldom 9．(p)urpose 10．(s)uccess 【导语】本文介绍了悉尼的一个名为“弹奏我，我就是你的”的项目，人们可以在公共场所免费弹钢琴，这个项目也可以帮助人们互相交流。现在这个项目也传到英国和巴西，在那里受到了热烈欢迎。 1．句意：也许钢琴太贵了，你买不起。根据“Perhaps a piano is too expensive”和首字母a可知，此处指买不起钢琴，动词afford“买得起”符合句意，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(a)fford。 2．句意：现在，多亏了悉尼一项名为“弹奏我，我就是你的"的计划，人们可以在公共场所免费弹钢琴了。根据“several parks, a tabus stop and on some streets”和首字母p可知，钢琴被放在公共场所，public“公共的”符合句意。故填(p)ublic。 3．句意：30架钢琴被放置在城市的不同地方，包括几个公园、一个公交车站和一些街道上。根据“in several parks, a tabus stop and on some streets”和首字母d可知，此处指不同的地方。故填(d)ifferent。 4．句意：30架钢琴被放置在城市的城币的不同地方，包括几个公园、一个公交车站和一些街道上。根据“in several parks, a t a bus stop and on some streets”和首学母i可知，此处是举例说明具体的地方，介词including“包括”符合句意。故填(i)ncluding。 5．句意：人们被邀请用钢琴演奏音乐或唱歌，无论他们的能力如何。根据“to play music or sing songs with the pianos, no matter what level of ability they have.”和首字母i可知，此处指钢琴无声地邀请人们演奏，人们与邀请之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，动词用过去分词。故填(i)nvited。 6．句意：很多人都被这个节目所吸引，并停下来观看或演奏钢琴。根据“play the pianos”和首字母w可知，此处指人们被吸引来观看或弹奏钢琴，to后跟动词原形，故填(w)atch。 7．句意：他认为很多人都坐在电脑前，整天忙于工作，几乎没有机会享受音乐。根据“with their work all hours”可知，此处考查形容词短语be busy with sth“忙于某事”。故填(b)usy。 8．句意：他认为很多人都坐在电脑前，整天忙于工作，几乎没有机会享受音乐。根据“have any chance to enjoy music”及首字母s可知，此处填否定副词，表示“几乎不”，故填(s)eldom。 9．句意：所以这个项目的目的是帮助他们放松和结交新朋友。根据“to help them relax and make new friends”和首字母p可知，此处说的是项目的目的，purpose“目的”符合句意。故填(p)urpose。 10．句意：但它最大的成功似乎是在悉尼艺术节上。根据“seems to come at the Sydney Festival.”和首字母s可知，此处指最大的成功，名词success“成功”符合句意。故填(s)uccess。 （九） 【来源】江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1~10的相应位置上。 For thousands of years, the Chinese people have had a deep respect (尊敬) for Loong, the Chinese dragon. In China, you’ll find pictures of dragons almost e 131 especially in palaces and temples. Some of them are more than 3, 500 years old. Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon. Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t 1 . His Nine Dragons is one of the greatest paintings of the Chinese dragon. Chen Rong was born in Fujian in 1200. He once w 2 for the government in Hangzhou. As an officer, he wasn’t very s 3 . However, he achieved a great success in poetry, calligraphy (书法) and painting. It was said that Chen Rong u 4 to paint after drinking a lot of wine. After getting drunk, he would shout loudly, put his scarf in ink and pour the ink madly on paper. After that, he would use b 5 to finish his work. His words on Nine Dragons show that he finished it when he was completely drunk. The painting Nine Dragons d 6 nine dragons rolling, swimming and dancing among clouds, waves, fires and cliffs. It shows Chen’s great sadness in his life and his great s 7 in brush work. Nine Dragons was once treasured at court (宫廷), the Qianlong Emperor spoke highly of it. He liked the painting so much that he told a painter to make a c 8 of it. Sadly, Nine Dragons is not c 9 by any Chinese museum. If you want to see it with your own eyes, you have to visit the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. The museum bought the painting in 1917 for $25, 000. At present the market price of it is about 500 million yuan. 【答案】 1．(e)verywhere 2．(t)hem 3．(w)orked 4．(s)uccessful 5．(u)sed 6．(b)rushes 7．(d)escribes 8．(s)kill(s) 9．(c)opy 10．(c)ollected 【导语】本文主要讲述了数千年来，中国人对龙充满敬意。在中国，龙的图案随处可见，尤其在宫殿和寺庙。南宋画家陈容的《九龙图》是龙题材的经典之作。 1．句意：在中国，你几乎到处都会发现龙的图片，尤其是在宫殿和寺庙里。根据句意以及首字母e提示可知，空格处需要填入一个副词来修饰“almost”，表示“几乎到处都是”的意思。故填(e)verywhere。 2．句意：许多中国艺术家都尝试过画龙。南宋时期的伟大画家陈容就是其中之一。根据“Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon. Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t...”和首字母t提示，可以推断出空格处应填写代词“them”，代指前面提到的“Many Chinese artists”。故填(t)hem。 3．句意：他曾经为杭州的政府工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去式，根据首字母“w”和语境可知，最合适的词是“worked”，表示“工作”。故填(w)orked。 4．句意：作为一个官员，他不是很成功。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰“he”，与后文的“However”形成转折关系。根据首字s提示可知，最合适的词是“successful”，表示“成功的”。故填(s)uccessful。 5．句意：据说陈容习惯于在喝了很多酒之后画画。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词短语，表示陈容过去的一个习惯或行为。根据首字母“u”和语境可知，最合适的短语是“used to”，表示“过去常常做某事”。故填(u)sed。 6．句意：他会用画笔来完成他的作品。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，作为“use”的宾语，表示陈容用来完成画作的工具。根据语境和首字母b提示可知，画家在完成画作时通常使用“brush”（刷子，画笔），因为画作是多个元素的组合，用复数形式“brushes”。故填(b)rushes。 7．句意：这幅画描绘了九条龙在云、浪、火和悬崖之间翻滚、游泳和跳舞。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词，作为句子的谓语，描述《九龙图》这幅画的内容。根据语境和首字母“d”可知，最合适的动词是“describe”，表示“描绘，描述”，主语为The painting，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填((d)escribes。 8．句意：它展示了陈容生活中的巨大悲伤和他在书法上的高超技艺。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，描述陈荣在毛笔字方面的特点。根据语境和首字母“s”，最合适的名词是“skill”，表示“技能，技艺”，表示多项技能时，用复数形式，此处没有明确规定，单复数均可。故填(s)kill(s)。 9．句意：他非常喜欢这幅画，以至于他让一位画家复制了一幅。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，作为“make”的宾语。根据语境和首字母“c”，最合适的名词是“copy”，表示“复制品，副本”，空前有a，用单数形式。故填(c)opy。 10．句意：遗憾的是，《九龙图》没有被任何中国博物馆收藏。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与“is not”一起构成被动语态，表示《九龙图》的当前状态。根据语境和首字母“c”，最合适的动词是“collect”，其过去分词形式是“collected”，表示“被收藏”。故填(c)ollected。 （十） 【来源】江苏省南京市秦淮区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。 The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it? We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away. After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 . 【答案】 1．(w)hile 2．(c)hanged 3．(s)erious 4．(f)riendly 5．(r)educe 6．(t)urning 7．(r)emember 8．(o)nly 9．(p)rotect 10．(d)ifference 【导语】本文讲述的是地球是我们的家，我们人类的一些坏的做法使得地球环境深受破坏，为了拯救地球，我们应该采取一些措施来保护我们的地球。 1．句意：我们所做的一些事对地球有益，但有些事却是有害的。前后表示转折，由于首字母w，所以是while“然而”。故填(w)hile。 2．句意：我们砍伐了太多的树木，许多肥沃的土地变成了沙漠。根据“so lots of rich land has c.. into desert”因此许多肥沃的土地……沙漠，结合首字母c，所以是变成沙漠。由于此句是现在完成时，所以是动词过去分词changed。故填(c)hanged。 3．句意：污染已经引发了许多严重的问题。分析句子可知，横线上是形容词修饰名词problems，由于后文“The earth is crying for help.”可知问题严重，由于首字母是s，所以是形容词serious“严重的”。故填(s)erious。 4．句意：这意味着我们可以购买和使用对环境友好的东西。根据“green consumers”环保顾客，可知是对环境友好。考查“be friendly to”对……友好。故填(f)riendly。 5．句意：我们可以骑自行车或乘坐公共汽车来减少空气污染。根据前文是骑车或乘公交车，所以是减少污染。故填(r)educe。 6．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间、刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约用水。根据前文说节约水，所以是关闭水龙头。故填(t)urning。 7．句意：我们应该记住在扔掉垃圾之前先将其分成不同的类别。分析句子可知，横线上应是动词，根据“We should...to separate...”可知，我们应该记得去……，考查短语“remember to do”记得去做。故填(r)emember。 8．句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。根据“we have o...one Earth”我们有……一个地球。结合首字母o，所以是“唯一一个”。故填(o)nly。 9．句意：我们应该尽一切努力保护它，否则我们将受到惩罚并失去我们的家园。横线后it代指地球，所以是保护地球，结合首字母p，所以是动词protect。故填(p)rotect。 10．句意：学会以新的、不同的方式生活，我们就能发挥作用。前文说的是以新的不同的方式生活，对保护地球会起到作用。考查短语“make a difference”起到影响。故填(d)ifference。 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 短文首字母填空 （一） 【来源】江苏省淮安市金湖县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 Big data (大数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put t 1 , so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answer or patterns (样本) in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources (来源), such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies and governments. One set of data can have people’s n 2 and addresses. A 3 set can have what they like, where they study and how much time they s 4 on the computer. Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people t 5 on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems b 6 . Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see w 7 people eat the most ice-cream. Big data can be used for g 8 reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict (预测) if a baby who is born too early will get s 9 . The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict (预测) which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done a 10 wrong. （二） 【来源】江苏省镇江市句容市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 Many of you should hear of the book Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in C 1 . But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist d 2 the late Ming dynasty. He was born in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Song won third place w 3 Yingming won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they b 4 failed. Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he took part in the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved s 5 . However, he learned about the technologies that were used in different fields on his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams. His wide k 6 made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. The book c 7 more than 130 technologies. There were also many illustrations (插图) to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon a 8 it came out. The Ming dynasty fell in 1644. They r 9 to work for the new Qing government. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems against (反对) the new government. Years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so a 10 that they burned all of Song’s works. However, Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries. （三） 【来源】江苏省扬州市仪征市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） I am a plastic bottle. A week ago, I was on a supermarket shelf, the s 1 as all my brothers and sisters—other bottles full of water. I felt really happy. Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the f 2 . It was cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. However, only a few hours later, she t 3 me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and a 4 in my life. Early the next morning, a man took me out of the litter bin. He threw me and the other rubbish into the b 5 of a truck. There were so many awful smells. Then I was pushed together with the r 6 of the rubbish. Soon I was completely flat. I cannot believe how thin I became. I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found m 7 in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid. I kept h 8 that I would be moved somewhere else. Then huge trucks came and covered us with a lot of soil. I asked another bottle w 9 would happen to us. He said that we would never leave this crowded place, but would stay here for t 10 of years. “Why can’t they reuse or recycle us?” I cried. （四） 【来源】江苏省淮安市盱眙县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 In recent years, it has become popular for women to wear a traditional qipao dress. Especially during the National College Entrance Examination, better k 1 as the “gaokao”, many mothers wear “qipao” to wish their children good l 2 in the exam. The reason is that “qipao” stands for the Chinese phrase “qi kai de sheng”, m 3 victory. Some people believe the qipao came from gowns (长袍) w 4 by women in the Qing Dynasty. Influenced by Western c 5 , it changed continually during the early 20th century, becoming more fitted and body-hugging (贴身的). After years of development, the qipao is now m 6 divided into Beijing styles, Shanghai styles and Hong Kong styles. There are many d 7 in color and design. The Beijing-style qipao is more traditional than Shanghai-style and Hong Kong-style qipaos. The colours of Beijing-style qipaos are m 8 brighter. High-quality Beijing-style qipaos are usually made by hand, so the price is very h 9 . The qipao is a very classic product to represent the beauty of traditional Chinese clothing. It shows not only the h 10 of the Han people, but also the footprints of other cultures on the land. （五） 【来源】江苏省扬州市江都区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据对话内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使对话完整。（每空一词） The three girls were very kind to us. They p 1 a lovely dinner and gave us their bedrooms to sleep in. I felt really b 2 that the king and the duke were cheating (欺骗) them. I must do s 3 to stop them. So I put the bag of gold under Peter’s hands b 4 the coffin (棺材) were closed and taken to the graveyard. Later the king and the duke organised a sale to get money. It was a 5 over when two people came: very nice-looking gentlemen, an old one and a younger one. The old man began to s 6 . “I am Harvey Wilks and this is my brother William,” he said. I wasn’t expecting this. The king wasn’t either, but he didn’t show his s 7 . He laughed and said, “They are telling a lie!” All the people shouted to agree e 8 Doctor Robinson and Levi Bell. “We must find out the truth,” Levi Bell said. “Can you prove (证明) you are Peter Wilks’ brothers?” The old gentleman t 9 for a moment. Then he turned to the king and said, “Peter had a tattoo on his chest. What was it?” The king’s face went p 10 and didn’t say anything for a few minutes. Then he said, “I can tell you. It was a small blue arrow.” — Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn （一） 【来源】江苏省连云港市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 The UK is a country with good manners. How can you behave properly as a stranger in the UK? Here is some u 1 information for you. British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the f 2 time. They only greet relatives or c 3 friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with s 4 like the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid t 5 about age, weight or money. In public, British people always keep their voice down instead of shouting or laughing l 6 . If you’re in their way, they’ll say “e 7 me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. British people are p 8 at home too. They say “please” or “thank you” all the time. Instead of saying “no”, they often say “I’m all right, thank you” when they want to r 9 something. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a s 10 place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture. （二） 【来源】江苏省镇江市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 How did Confucius (孔子) live his life? What is the best life in his eyes? He gave his a 1 in the book The Analects of Confucius. His idea is still m 2 to us today. Let’s see what Confucius said. 子曰：“饭疏食饮；曲肱而枕之，乐亦在其中矣义而富且贵，于我如浮云。”——《论语》 Confucius said, “eating coarse food, drinking water, my arms as my pillow, it is much fun. Wealth and ranks got through injustice are like floating clouds to me.” —The Analects of Confucius (Translated by Zhao Yanchun) What does it mean? Wei Shengkun, a Chinese teacher in Beijing, e 3 it to us. You eat simple food every day. You can’t have milk tea or soft drinks. When you sleep, you have no pillow. How long could you live such a life? Many of us might be a 4 to live this way for very long. But Confucius said that such a life was not painful for him at all. I 5 , he enjoyed it. How could Confucius be happy about such a simple life? Because he knew w 6 was most important to him. It was not money or social status (地位), b 7 moral (道德的) and spiritual (精神的) richness. He said people should make money in the r 8 way. If he got lots of money in a wrong way, then it would be as unreal as c 9 in the sky. Like Confucius, his student Yan Hui also believed in the power of morality. It brings t 10 value (价值)to one’s life. By learning from them, we can look for spiritual richness. （三） 【来源】江苏省南通市海安市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 Fan Liyun is a Chinese teacher. She works at the Confucius Institute (孔子学院) at a university in Hungary. This spring t 1 , more students are taking the institute’s courses. Fan was not very much s 2 by this. Last year, she offered a course on Chinese tea culture. It was w 3 received by students. Fan and her students got together once a week for class. They made and t 4 different types of Chinese tea. Fan taught the students how to perform the tea ceremony. She also shared tea-related s 5 with them. “It was a great experience,” said Flora, one of Fan’s students, “D 6 tea helped me calm my mind!” “The tea culture is very inclusive,” said Fan. “We d 7 many topics in class, such as history and philosophy (哲学). For example, tea usually tastes a little bitter at first, but you can feel the sweetness in the aftertaste. Just like life, there is no sweetness w 8 hard work.” In the future, Fan hopes to s 9 up a tea culture experience centre at the institute. She wants to help more locals understand Chinese tea culture. “Sometimes a shared experience can be a way to a 10 better cultural exchange,” she said. “One good example is having a cup of tea together.” （四） 【来源】江苏省宿迁市泗洪县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Which animal do you think is the No. I pet in China, cats or dogs? Many people think cats are the winners. According to Petdata.cn, the number of pet cats in China increased (增长) to 69.8 m 1 in 2023! It is higher than that of pet dogs in the same year. Why do s 2 many people choose cats? Liu Lang, a 28-year-old policeman, thinks that looking after dogs is h 3 than cats. “Dogs n 4 walking every day. It is difficult, especially for young and middle-aged people with a lot of w 5 to do.” said Liu. Keeping a cat also makes a difference to someone who lives a 6 . It brings companionship (陪伴) and joy. Chen Haoxing is a retired (退休的) worker. In his s 7 time, he often watches his cats play on the lawn. “They make my life m 8 fantastic.” he said. However, some doctors warn that keeping cats may bring some t 9 . If some one is allergic (对……过敏的) to cat hair, it is dangerous for him to stay w 10 a cat. Moreover, if someone has difficulty in sleeping at night, the meow (喵喵叫) of a cat can be very disturbing (烦扰人的). So, which animal would you like to keep? （五） 【来源】江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 The Chinese character Fu is a necessity in Spring Festival celebrations. Nowadays, Fu, as a cultural sign, e 1 people’s best wishes for the coming year. Yet, in the past, the character mainly meant luck and fortune. The tradition (传统) of sticking the character Fu on w 2 and doors has been around for a long time. It’s recorded that people already practised this tradition in the Song Dynasty. The character can be w 3 or printed. It can be stuck either normally or upside down, because in Chinese, the “reversed Fu” and “Fu arrives” sound s 4 to each other, both being pronounced as “Fu dao le”. There is a story about the origin of sticking the “reversed Fu”. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, once used the character fu as a secret signal to kill a family for insulting (侮辱) his wife, Empress Ma. To a 5 the disaster, the kind-hearted empress ordered every family in the capital to stick the character Fu in front of their own doors. All the people followed the empress’s order, but one family didn’t know h 6 to read or write. They had stuck the character upside down. On the second day when the soldiers went to the streets, they found the character e 7 , including the upside down one. When the emperor heard this, he said, a 8 to the soldiers, “I will kill the family who stuck the character differently.” But Empress Ma e 9 , “That family had known that you would come to visit them today, so they stuck the character upside down on purpose. Doesn’t that have the same m 10 as ‘Fu comes’?” The emperor agreed with his wife and set the family free. From that time on, people began to stick Fu upside down for the purpose of hoping for luck and remembering Empress Ma. （六） 【来源】江苏省扬州市扬州中学文昌教育集团2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） What is Earth Hour? Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go d 1 ,” that is, turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour. Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. Since then, it has grown into an i 2 event, and many countries around the world have taken part. Famous buildings that have gone dark for Earth Hour include Buckingham Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing and New York’s Empire State Building. E 3 astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station, and Google has shown its s 4 by making a dark homepage for the event. What’s the idea b 5 Earth Hour? The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and call for a 6 to protect nature. It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. But this is only the b 7 . On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of environmental issues and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature. For example, eating less meat, using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy o 8 and using green forms of transport all help the planet. But on another level, a large number of people all acting t 9 sends a powerful message to governments and companies. It p 10 them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions. （七） 【来源】江苏省扬州市邗江区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a small town but it’s near a very big river c 1 the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft. Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e 2 . Judge Thatcher put it in the bank. I didn’t have a f 3 or a home. My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a 4 . I lived on the streets and in the woods. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and my life c 5 . She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b 6 learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I was g 7 to go. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h 8 things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt f 9 there and I was happy. I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars. The months passed and w 10 came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap! —Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn （八） 【来源】江苏省南通市启东市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 根据首字母提示及短文内容填写所缺的单词，使短文完整通顺。 Perhaps your childhood piano lessons made you never want to play the piano again. Perhaps a piano is too expensive for you to a 1 . Now, thanks to a program in Sydney called “Play Me, I’m yours”, people are able to play the piano in many p 2 places for free. They share beautiful music, and the program also helps them communicate with each other. Thirty pianos have been placed in d 3 parts of the city, i 4 in several parks, at a bus stop and on some streets. The pianos have the logo “Play Me, I’m yours” on them. People are usually i 5 in playing music or singing songs with the pianos, no matter what level of ability they have. Lots of people have been attracted to the program and stopped to w 6 or play the pianos. “Play Me, I’m yours” is a part of the Sydney Festival. It is a project of the British artist, Luck Jerram. He wants to help people in the city connect with each other. He thinks that so many people are sitting in front of computers too long and b 7 with their work all hours and they s 8 have any chance to enjoy music. So the main p 9 of the project is to help them relax and make new friends. The program “Play Me, I’m yours” has also reached England and Brazil before. It was warmly welcomed there. But the program won its greatest s 10 at the Sydney Festival. “It’s a good chance for people to be creative, connect with strangers and just have some fun,” Jerram said. （九） 【来源】江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1~10的相应位置上。 For thousands of years, the Chinese people have had a deep respect (尊敬) for Loong, the Chinese dragon. In China, you’ll find pictures of dragons almost e 131 especially in palaces and temples. Some of them are more than 3, 500 years old. Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon. Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t 1 . His Nine Dragons is one of the greatest paintings of the Chinese dragon. Chen Rong was born in Fujian in 1200. He once w 2 for the government in Hangzhou. As an officer, he wasn’t very s 3 . However, he achieved a great success in poetry, calligraphy (书法) and painting. It was said that Chen Rong u 4 to paint after drinking a lot of wine. After getting drunk, he would shout loudly, put his scarf in ink and pour the ink madly on paper. After that, he would use b 5 to finish his work. His words on Nine Dragons show that he finished it when he was completely drunk. The painting Nine Dragons d 6 nine dragons rolling, swimming and dancing among clouds, waves, fires and cliffs. It shows Chen’s great sadness in his life and his great s 7 in brush work. Nine Dragons was once treasured at court (宫廷), the Qianlong Emperor spoke highly of it. He liked the painting so much that he told a painter to make a c 8 of it. Sadly, Nine Dragons is not c 9 by any Chinese museum. If you want to see it with your own eyes, you have to visit the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. The museum bought the painting in 1917 for $25, 000. At present the market price of it is about 500 million yuan. （十） 【来源】江苏省南京市秦淮区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。 The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it? We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away. After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 . 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$