专题03 七选五（山东专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编

专题03 七选五 1.（23-24高二下·山东威海·期末） Campus loan generally refers to a private loan given to a college student on the campus. Internet lenders, most of whom are loan sharks (高利贷者), offer such loans to students who need the money to meet their college and other expenses. 1 But these loans come with high interest and often with collateral security (抵押担保), which has included naked photographs of female students. Not being mature enough to read the trap attached to such loans, many students have fallen prey to the loan sharks. 2 In that case, college students should first learn to recognize the dangers. They should realize that by applying for an “internet loan”, they themselves are leaking their personal information, including their national ID and student ID card numbers and bank details. 3 For example, they may trick them into signing a contract (合同) for a huge loan, but lending them only a small amount. In order to avoid the dangers, the students should limit their consumption to what they really need, increase their financial knowledge and learn how to protect themselves using legal means. To begin with, before applying for a loan, the students should carefully compare the financial service information and the extra fees different internet lenders charge on loans. 4 More important, they should analyze the actual interest and the fine for not paying the interest on time, and properly keep the loan certificate. Also, when the students are threatened with physical violence to repay the loan, they should record the conversation and report it to the police in time. 5 Moreover, the students should learn to protect their privacy. And they should avoid the misuse of their personal information by other people to avoid getting involved in financial crimes. A．Campus loan is in essence a private loan. B．Campus loans come with many, hidden legal risks. C．Some internet lenders even promote so-called job-hunting loan. D．Besides, some internet lenders use loan tricks to cheat the students. E．These loans are popular due to their easy application and approval. F．This way, those issuing such threats can be held responsible for their actions. G．They should also carefully read and understand the contract before signing it. 2.（23-24高二下·山东德州·期末） It is rightly said “Time and Tide wait for none”. But a number of people today have difficulty successfully managing time. 1 Now let’s take a look at a list of 4 skills you should master about time management. Set priorities. Write out all the tasks you need to get through for the day and then prioritize them in accordance with their level of significance. 2 Meanwhile, it also assists to guarantee that the most important things are done on time. 3 Certain activities, though seemingly harmless, significantly affect productivity. Instagram and Facebook, for instance, could easily consume hours that are better spent on studying or rest. To combat this, using time management tools that track how much time you spend online highlights areas for improvement. Do less. This is a trick from Leo Babauta, who started the blog Zen Habits. In his opinion, doing less doesn't mean “less is more”. It means “less is better”. 4 This is achieved by slowing down and concentrating only on those things. Once you do, make every action count. As a result, you'll be creating more value instead of just fodder. Relax at Appropriate Intervals. Control your performance over time by taking more pauses. According to Nathaniel Kleitman, a sleep scientist, “our brains naturally desire rest after every 90 minutes of hard activity.” Your mind will let you understand that you require a break when you start to feel sleepy, restless, hungry or lose concentration regardless of whether or not you have such a timer set. 5 Embrace these strategies, adapt them to your specific needs, and reclaim control over your time management. Your future self will thank you for it! A．Stay creative. B．Eliminate Time-wasters. C．Be aware of what needs to be done. D．You can not apply that to time management. E．It may improve the chances of achieving objectives. F．You realize it’s time to step back when you start feeling like this. G．This in turn, leads to a decline in production as well as a rise in their anxiety levels. 3.（23-24高二下·山东临沂·期末） Does alien life exist? It’s a question many people have tried to answer. 1 AI is a type of program that allows a computer to learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence. AI works by taking in lots of data, then making predictions based on it. The research team used their AI method to analyze different materials and determine whether they were biotic (生物性的) or abiotic. 2 To train the AI program, the researchers gave it data on 134 biotic and abiotic materials. The program then used that knowledge to predict whether things like human hair, bones, teeth, eaves, coal, and chemicals were alive or not.   3 4 “We may be able to find a life-form from another planet.” said Robert Hazen of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC． “If we do find signs of life elsewhere, we can tell if life on Earth and other planets derived from a common or different origin.” For now, though, the team is focused on ancient rock samples from Earth to learn more about life on our own planet and where it originated. For example, the tool could be used to settle a disagreement among scientists about 3. 5-billion-year-old rocks from Western Australia. 5 However, others think the rocks just have unusual patterns. The AI could also be used to examine samples from Mars collected by the Perseverance over. NASA put this wheeled robot on the red planet to search for evidence that Mars has the right conditions to support life. Perseverance is gathering rock samples that will be brought to Earth in 2033. A．People’s answers are various. B．Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin. C．The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate. D．The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life-forms. E．Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples. F．Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI. G．The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil. 4.（23-24高二下·山东日照·期末） Fating junk food can have a significant impact on one's health. Though many people enjoy eating junk food and think it tastes great, the health consequences can be serious, and can range from everything to low energy levels to weight gain and illness. 1 But it typically refers to foods that are relatively high in caloric content, but low in nutritional value. Junk food is often high in sugar, salt, white flour, and fat 2 A few examples of foods often considered to be junk food include fast food, sweets such as ice cream. candy, donuts, and prepackaged treats, soda, and potato chips, among many others. Most people have no trouble identifying junk food; it is when they want to stop eating junk food that the-trouble starts. 3 Many people skip breakfast or other meals throughout the day, choosing instead to grab a quick snack or a soft drink. The junk food causes energy levels to increase, which people like, but then energy levels will quickly drop sharply, sending one back into the kitchen for another quick snack. Another one of the most obvious effects from eating junk food is weight gain. People who cat a lot of junk food tend to gain weight quickly, which can lead to obesity over time 4 It can raise cholesterol(胆固醇) and blood pressure, contributing to heart disease. In addition, eating junk food can cause one to develop insulin resistance, which is one of the risk factors for diabetes. When the body does not get proper nutrition. it can become difficult to concentrate. 5 Keep all of these unhealth effects of junk food in mind before eating anything; a healthy diet can lead to greater energy levels, improved mood and concentration ability, weight loss, and decreased risk factors for heart disease and. diabetes. Though junk food may be easy and fast, its health impacts are too great to ignore. A．It can also cause depression. B．This is a particular concern in children. C．In addition, junk food can cause moodiness. D．It is often heavily processed and prepackaged. E．The term “junk food” includes a fairly broad category of food F．The first effect of eating junk food is its impact on energy levels. G．This extra weight then has an impact on the health of the rest of the body. 5.（23-24高二下·山东聊城·期末） How do you respond when someone else sets a boundary? You might hear the word “boundaries”  and imagine walls that separate you from other people. In a sense, that’s true. But boundaries aren’t necessarily a bad thing. In fact, they’re an important ingredient in healthy and balanced relationships. 1 You’re not the only one who can set boundaries. 2 Perhaps you feel like you’re being scolded or “put in your place”. You may notice some negative emotions rushing to the surface as you try to immediately defend your actions. Keep in mind that you are not losing anything but gaining knowledge of what makes the person in your life feel safe and happy. 3 If you’re feeling upset, deep, slow breathing can calm your nervous system’s “fight or flight” response. This makes it easier for you to receive information rather than prepare for an argument. Remember that you both have your own way of processing and feeling emotions. Try not to assume what your partner needs before they say it out loud. 4 Apologize when necessary. You’re only human, and we all make mistakes. Maybe you accidentally overstepped a boundary by making an offensive joke or oversharing when you’ve been asked not to. 5 Ask for clarity if you feel you need it. By learning to accept and acknowledge other people’s boundaries, you can start to think about how you can improve your own connections with others. Ultimately, effective boundaries can leave you both feeling empowered and result in a healthier, more satisfying relationship. A．Take time to breathe and listen. B．When someone voices a restriction, you might feel a sense of shame or frustration. C．Allow them space to voice their needs and wants. D．When someone reaffirms the boundary, be humble enough to apologize for your mistake. E．You’ll need to adjust it as circumstances change and relationships grow. F．They’re also a crucial part of maintaining mental health and physical well-being. G．Learning how to set and maintain boundaries can change many aspects of your life. 6.（23-24高二下·山东菏泽·期末） Developing a strong sense of self-respect can help you fulfil your potential, develop healthy relationships, and make everyone around you see you as a person who is worthy of respect. Take steps to know how to feel happy with who you are. 1 Treat yourself with respect We often do things to ourselves that we would never dream of doing to someone we care about. For instance, when’s the last time you called a friend ugly, told them they weren’t good enough, or discouraged them from following their dreams? 2 . Don’t harm yourself, no matter how bad you feel. This kind of treatment is only bound to make you feel worse. Take care of your body When you make an effort to keep your body in good working order, you’ll not only feel better physically, but you’ll also feel a sense of pride. 3 . This doesn’t mean that going to the gym and looking amazing will automatically lead you to have high self-respect. But it does mean that if you don’t put any time or care into your appearance, that you’ll start to lose respect for who you are. Improve yourself 4 . It means being able to accept the things that you cannot change about yourself, while working to address the things that you need to work on. Take some time to really think about yourself and to consider the areas you’d like to work on the most. Improving yourself can mean taking a yoga class, volunteering, spending more time learning lessons from the elders you care about, learning to see multiple perspectives about a situation. 5 A．Maintain a positive attitude B．Make an effort to get fit and stay healthy. C．The world will treat you as you deserve to be treated D．Whatever you believe to be respect, apply it to yourself. E．Respecting yourself does not mean thinking that you are perfect F．Stop wishing you had what others have and work on achieving what you really want G．Striving to learn new things through reading the news will certainly benefit you a lot, too 7.（23-24高二下·山东枣庄·期末） Throughout the summer there is nothing like getting to play outside in the warm weather. You have all day to play and have lots of adventures, with no school or responsibilities. 1 Here are some simple sun safety tips that will keep you having fun in the sun. One of he easiest ways to protect yourself from the sun is to use sunscreen and know how to apply it correctly. You should remember to put on sunscreen at least 15 minutes before going outside. Remember to put it on any area that is exposed to the sun, especially hands, ears, neck, feet, nose, shoulders and lips. You also need to remember to reapply sunscreen at least every two hours. 2 Waterproof sunscreen is a better choice if you will be around the water. 3 Hats and UV protected sunglasses are important to protect your face and eyes from sun damage. Also wearing protective clothing, including clothing with UV protection will also help prevent sun damage. It is also fairly simple to plan not to spend too much time outside during the sunniest hours of the day. 4 During these times it is a good idea to have other fun activities arranged, so you can be sure to get out of the sun for a while and protect yourself from sun damage. When you are playing at the beach in the water and on the sand you should be extra careful about sun safety. 5 And that can cause more sun damage. Be sure to cover up as much as possible and be careful to reapply your sunscreen often and after you have been in the water. A．Watch for the UV index. B．Both water and sand reflect the sunlight. C．The sun is most powerful from around 10 am to 4 pm. D．But nothing can ruin your fun like getting a nasty sunburn. E．And reapply it every time after swimming or getting sweaty. F．Another simple way to protect your skin from the sun is to cover up. G．If you must be in the sunlight, use the strongest sunscreen you can get. 8.（23-24高二下·山东泰安·期末） Laughter is a universal language for humans to connect with each other and form social bonds. Even as babies, we giggle when our parents pull funny faces, and then gradually learn to make others laugh as we grow up. 1 Scientists have observed behaviors in animals that suggest that your pets might be secret jokesters. Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Biologist Charles Darwin saw this as the dog’s version of a practical joke. Mare Bekoff, biology professor, also observed dogs playfully teasing each other by approaching slowly and then quickly running away. 2 And he’s also said that animals may goof around (瞎胡闹) as a way to cope with stress. In a 2024 study, Isabelle Laumer and colleagues watched four ape species interact with each other and observed 18 distinct teasing behaviors. They saw young apes move towards an adult quietly, pat them to surprise them and then wait and watch the response, behaviour similar to that shown by human children. 3 What about laughing? While playing, dogs sometimes produce a breathy snort (哼) that could sound like laughter. 4 Rats make a joyful squeak (吱吱声) similar to a giggle when they are tickled, says Jeffrey Burgdorf, professor at Northwestern University. 5 Are the apes in Laumer’s study really joking around or just attention-seeking? What would be the evolutionary purpose of animals teasing? “In humans, humour can serve as an ice-breaker, removing social barriers and strengthening relationships,” says Laumer. “We don’t know if it’s the same in apes or other animals, but it’s possible.” A．But is it a uniquely human experience? B．His study showed that rats intend to tease. C．Dolphins let out a squeak when they are hungry. D．Dolphins let out sounds of joy when play-fighting. E．His work concluded that dogs just want to have fun. F．But is a rat’s giggle really a sign of a sense of humour? G．So, a sense of humour may have appeared early in our evolutionary timeline. 9.（23-24高二下·山东潍坊·期末） Your box room holds endless potential, just waiting for you to unlock it. Tailor these tips to your specific needs and preferences to create a functional and organised living space. Ask yourself, “What do I want this room to be?” 1 Whether it’s transforming your box room into a functional space, a comfortable bedroom, a productive office, a kids’ playroom, or even a combined office and laundry room, make sure to revisit your “why” throughout the process. A room with multiple roles demands furniture that can be flexible. Option for space-saving furniture: wall beds, sofa beds that can be used from seating to short sleeping, wall desks that appear when you need them, and slimline pieces that do double duty. 2 They allow your room to transform as you do. Try floor-to-ceiling solutions. Go big or go home, right? Let’s make use of all that room height. Get furniture that reaches from the floor to the ceiling — creating a stylish and practical design. 3 What about the seasonal and occasional pieces you only use once in a blue moon? Think seasonal decorations , archived documents, or holiday clothes. 4 For those you don’t quite have space for in your room, but don’t want to get rid of, consider an off-site storage solution like Attic Self Storage in London.      5 Install hooks and shelves in your box room to keep your frequently used stuff within arm’s reach. If you’re a renter, you can also get some convenient hooks that require no installation. A．Before you start any makeover, consider your needs. B．When it comes to space-saving strategy, less is often more. C．No corner goes to waste, and your room becomes a picture of efficiency. D．Explore regular beds with built-in or separate under-bed drawers to match your style. E．These adaptable items will not only serve different purposes but save you floor space. F．Walls and doors are for more than just decoration — they’re potential storage goldmines. G．They often get thrown away due to lack of storage space or are put away in a place we usually forget. 10.（23-24高二下·山东东营·期末） How Peer Pressure Influences Your Child Peer pressure can affect your child’s behavior in positive and negative ways. 1 Peer pressure is the influence from people who are members of the same social group. It is also the term used to describe the effect this influence has on a person to conform (从众) in order to be accepted by the group. 2 And while your child’s friends are their peers, peers can also be anyone of a similar social position, such as people who are the same age, who have the same abilities, or who share a social position. People commonly think of peer pressure in a negative light. 3 Sometimes peer pressure is used to positively influence people, such as when teens work toward common goals such as doing well in school or helping out in their community. Learning about acceptable group norms can be a positive part of learning how to live with and socialize with others. 4 For example, natural leaders tend to be less likely to be influenced by negative forms of peer pressure,while followers may have a harder time resisting it. It’s important to prepare for dealing with peer pressure. One of the most important things to help your child deal with negative peer pressure is to talk to them about it.   5 If your child is being negatively affected by peer pressure, let them know you are someone they can trust and offer to make a plan for getting out of a bad situation. A．Often, peers are thought of as friends. B．It can do great harm to his or her health. C．In reality, however, it’s not always a bad thing. D．Here’s what you should know about helping your child manage it. E．Different people may have different ways to deal with peer pressure. F．How a child responds to peer pressure can highlight different personalities. G．Help them develop the skills to think independently and encourage self-confidence. 11（23-24高二下·山东滨州·期末） Mushrooms are not only tasty. They are also filled with healthy nutrients, like calcium and potassium, and vitamins, like D and B．Some people not only enjoy eating mushrooms, 1 But that is not for everyone. While some people are knowledgeable enough to collect mushrooms in the woods and eat them, many people are not. Eating the wrong mushroom can make you sick or even dead. Therefore, buying them is the easier and safer choice. However, there is another one. 2 In a recent article for The Associated Press, plant expert Jessica Damiano explains there are two ways to do this. You can buy a set of materials from a garden store called a “grow kit” or you can put them together yourself. 3 These grow kits include partly-grown mushroom starters, called “spawn”. The spawn is set in soil and is contained in its own grow box. You put the spawn in water overnight. Then you return it to the box and open it to fresh air. Spray it with water two times a day. Within two or three weeks, you will be eating mushrooms with more on the way. Damiano says it is a fun, easy activity. If you are more serious about growing mushrooms and want a larger harvest, Damiano says it costs less to put the materials together yourself. For starters, you will need a wooden, metal, or plastic box or container. You will also need a growing substance—soil mixed with compost and other materials. Finally, you will need fungal spores as seeds. 4 Mushrooms usually grow, or “fruit” within a week or two. 5 Depending on the kind of mushroom, they will be ready to harvest, with their tops fully open. That will be in roughly three to four weeks. Use a sharp, clean knife to cut them at soil level to avoid disrupting nearby growth. A．And people will likely ask you about it. B．they also like to collect them in the wild. C．You can purchase these online or at specialty stores. D．You can grow mushrooms yourself inside your own home. E．Avoid bringing bacteria or non-mushroom fungi into the box. F．They nearly double in size daily until they are finished growing. G．Grow kit s are a great way for beginners to try growing mushrooms. 12（23-24高二下·山东济南·期末）It’s believed that health and happiness are two basics that make up a good life. And the two turn out to be more closely related than we might think. The question of whether one causes the other or if the two are correlated is difficult to figure out. 1 It’s difficult to distinguish the relationship between health and happiness. 2 Does dealing with a chronic (慢性的) illness consistently worsen mood? Researchers try to answer these questions, but the relationship will always be challenging to say for certain. Happiness is associated with a series of physical health benefits, such as lower blood pressure, reduced risk of heart disease, a stronger immune (免疫的) system, and even a longer life. Positive emotions are also linked to good health in older adults and a reduced risk of injury in young adults. 3 People who report feeling a stronger sense of happiness and well-being live longer, on average, than those who report weaker feelings, and the effect exists for both men and women. 4 Some research suggests that when people take better care of themselves, they come to feel happier. Some research suggests that people who are healthier just have a more positive attitude to life and the world. Still another research suggests that an essential factor such as genetics or personality contributes to both. Exercise stimulates the body to produce certain chemicals such as hormones (荷尔蒙). 5 Exercise also shifts our focus away from current concerns and damaging self-talk and leads us to spend time outside or with others. A．Do certain foods boost happiness? B．Does a happy person also have better health? C．Meanwhile, happiness is related with a longer life. D．However, there’s no doubt that a strong connection exists. E．The exercise we do and the diseases we face all play a role. F．There are various theories for why health may lead to happiness. G．These chemicals are responsible for the feeling of a “runner’s high”. 13（23-24高二下·山东烟台·期末） Have you ever sat in front of a blank canvas (画布), just out of ideas and feeling completely uninspired? 1 The good news is that as an artist you can develop that ability. The best way is to have as many experiences as possible. The more experiences you have, the more ideas will flow to your artwork. 2 If you want to draw birds, you must watch how they move, discuss them with knowledgeable professionals and view other artists’ works of the same subject. It’ll boost your creativity towards what you wish to paint. Making notes of your thoughts and reactions can also be a useful tool. Some artists feel content simply by drawing their reactions and emotions, but others find more understanding in their experiences by recording things to later process. 3 Join an art community and reach out to those like-minded. 4 Surrounding yourself with fellow art lovers will push you to explore diverse areas of the art world. Remember such experiences are fuel for creativity. 5 You just need to know how to develop that creativity intentionally. It’s a skill that takes attention, but once cultivated, it can enable you to create more impressive works of art. A．Creativity doesn’t always come naturally. B．Plus, you need to investigate the experiences. C．New ideas can give a whole fresh meaning to life. D．Ask them how they exercise and enhance creativity. E．Learning how to be more creative in art couldn’t be easier. F．Carry a journal around and take down what catches your eye. G．We have the false, impression that artists are simply born with talents. 14.（23-24高二下·山东淄博·期末） Stop Trying to Keep Up With the Joneses It is so easy to get caught up in,a never-ending circle of comparing yourself to others and yet this seldom is beneficial. You may have heard the expression, “ 1 ” To me, this rings true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and feel joy at the same time. 2 Typically, comparison leads to regarding others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. “I amp not as successful, capable and attractive as they are.” “Why don’t I have what they have?” We use comparison as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an inadequate loser.” 3 We often tell ourselves we are acceptable only if we meet certain standards, and we evaluate how we measure up by looking at others. The tendency is to conclude that we are not measuring up, particularly if we have a low sense of self-worth. 4 We don’t just ask ourselves, “What’s wrong with me?” We worry what others will think: “What’s wrong with them?” The fear of rejection creates uneasiness and anxiety. Comparison could be deceptive. 5 This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting. To stop comparing ourselves to others, we have to recognize that the comparison game is unwinnable and exhausting and stop playing. A．This blocks self-acceptance. B．Comparison is the thief of joy. C．Values are a solution to comparison. D．This can solidify your sense of self-acceptance. E．Comparison robs us of joy and fuels self-criticism. F．It tells us meeting expectations will make us happier. G．And we worry others will judge our assumed failures. 15.（22-23高二下·山东青岛·期末） Many animal populations seem to be decreasing sharply. 1 It is America’s native wood stork (木鹳). The wood stork is the only stork that breeds in North America. In 1984, it was declared an endangered species after its population dropped to just 5,000 mating pairs. At the time, scientists predicted that the bird would be completely wiped out by 2000. 2 The Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing a delisting (移除) of the wood stork as an endangered species. So how did the population bounce back? 3 The wood stork’s native home was in the Everglades in Florida, but it migrated north as the Everglades were being destroyed by development. In 1987, former Savannah Coastal Refuges biologist John Robinette noticed stork nests in Georgia, as stork populations moved to safer wetlands. According to Stephanie Kurose, a senior policy specialist at the Centre for Biological Diversity, the Endangered Species Act is also to thank for this recovery. She said, “The act saved the wood stork. 4 It has improved water quality and benefited countless other species who call the area home.” The Endangered Species Act has saved 99 per cent of the species that were on the list since 1973. A hundred types of plants and animals have been delisted as their populations become stable again. If the wood stork is delisted, it will remain protected by other laws. 5 A．Today, it numbers 10, 000 mating pairs. B．However, one species is moving in the opposite direction. C．The success is in part down to the flexibility of the wood stork. D．It helped preserve and rebuild vital habitats throughout the southeast. E．The birds have adapted to new nesting areas and enlarged their colonies. F．It serves as an indicator species for restoration of the Everglades ecosystem. G．A monitoring plan will be put in place to ensure the population remains stable. 16.（22-23高二下·山东东营·期末） The Post-holiday Blues The holiday season—from Thanksgiving until New Year’s Day—can be a joyful and relaxing time for many people, but once the festivities wind down, sadness and loneliness can creep in. 1 After an exciting event like the holidays, there is often a feeling of disappointment or let-down. Looking ahead to something like the holidays can feel exciting. 2 There can almost be a sense of emotional withdrawal from the holiday cheer. 3 The post-holiday blues refer to the short-term feelings that individuals experience after the upcoming winter months. The holidays offer most people a time to focus their energy on the task of decorating, baking, planning, and gift giving. After the holidays are over, people may feel lost or empty without having a goal-driven activity to help them to focus. 4 The more you talk about this with friends and family, the more you’ll find that you are not alone in the experience of post-holiday blues. What can cause the Post-Holiday Blues? The reasons for the post-holiday blues can vary from person to person. Some people may have trouble with the holidays themselves—the grand expectations, reminders of lost or estranged loved ones, financial burdens. 5 But when the holiday events end, so does the mood boost. Besides, the change of seasons, reduced daylight, decreased physical activity levels, and increased isolation can all contribute to the post-holiday blues. If any feelings of post-holiday blues begin impacting your daily functioning, like making it hard to get out of bed, go to work or school, leave the house, spend time with others, or accomplish small tasks. Besides, it may be worth checking in with a healthcare provider. A．What are the post-holiday blues? B．Some people may dislike holidays. C．It’s an idea known as the post-holiday blues. D．What can we do to deal with the post-holiday blues? E．It is important to recognize that this phenomenon is not uncommon. F．But when the event has passed, the loss of that excitement can feel bad. G．Others may receive a boost of happiness after spending time with friends and family. 17（22-23高二下·山东德州·期末） Whether someone makes you angry, you’re upset with yourself, or you’re just having a bad day, one of the best ways to direct your angry energy is through exercise. That angry energy can build inside of you. 1 If you’re looking to direct your anger through exercise, there are exercises suitable for it. Running is a very effective technique to calm anxieties. The focus it takes to run and the endorphins your body releases will take your mind off whatever is frustrating you. Be sure to adequately warm up and stretch before you run! 2 You can enhance the benefits by running in an area that is free of distractions like around a lake or through a peaceful part of the city. A challenging yoga practice is a great way to control your anger to help you get through it. You may be so frustrated that getting started in a yoga practice may seem impossible. 3 You can focus on directing your angry energy into each of the movements. It may also help you to have the support of the group to help you get involved. 4 Conditioning classes are a great opportunity to focus your angry energy into hitting a heavy punching bag while also burning a lot of calories. These classes are often challenging, so you can use your anger to help you get through the difficulty of the workout. Focus on your breathing, your technique, and harnessing your anger to deliver strong punches. Cycling is a serious cardiovascular (心血管的) workout and you can use your anger to help you push through the difficulty of it. When you go for a ride outdoors, the extra focus it takes to navigate the outside world can provide a helpful distraction from your frustration. 5 A．It’s advisable to find a scenic route. B．Be sure to obey traffic laws and wear a helmet. C．Boxing is a great way to relieve your frustration. D．Joining a class can help take the thinking out of it. E．Watch out for any moving cars while you’re running. F．Breathe deeply while practicing yoga and your anger will fade. G．Working it out is an effective way to channel your rage into movement. 18（22-23高二下·山东威海·期末） It can feel good to be right, but when we find new information that makes us feel good about something we already believe, how can we be sure we aren’t just engaging in confirmation bias (确认偏误)? Confirmation bias is our tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs. 1 These ways are aimed at supporting, rather than challenging, pre-existing beliefs. This is especially true for information about things that feel very important to us. People usually don’t engage in confirmation bias on purpose. But research has found that it is real. 2 For example, if an actor you support was caught in a scandal (丑闻), you might be more likely to believe explanations that make him look less guilty. 3 So what can we do to avoid confirmation bias? One thing we can do is to try to look for strong evidence that actually contradicts (相矛盾) our beliefs. This can help us check if we only believe certain things instead of considering other possibilities. 4 Even if we don’t agree with them, we might learn why someone thinks the way they do. It can help us understand that there may be other ways to see the same issue. 5 The thing we most want to believe might not be true. We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it’s very important to us. But that’s often easier said than done. A．And it influences people’s judgment. B．Unfortunately, it can be very difficult to spot. C．We tend to ignore information that contradicts it. D．It can also be helpful to talk to people who don’t share our beliefs. E．Most importantly, we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions. F．It also describes our attempt to find ways of explaining unclear information. G．Meanwhile, people who dislike him would probably believe what makes him look worse. 19.（22-23高二下·山东聊城·期末） The fear of making the wrong decision, or decidophobia (选择恐惧症), can influence people even when it comes to the smallest choices, such as what to have for lunch. 1 Below are several tips to overcome it and help you progress in life. Try the Decision-Making Quadrant (象限) A good tool for decision-making is the Decision-Making Quadrant. In relation to the decision to be made, list answers to these four questions: What happens if X happens? What won’t happen if X happens? What happens if X doesn’t happen? What won’t happen if X doesn’t happen? 2 Reduce the number of decisions If making decisions is a weakness, it’s important to admit that and reduce decision-making in as many areas as possible. Eat set meals. Wear standard outfits. 3 Do everything else you can to reduce decisions. Then, consider practicing making decisions with someone who is more decisive. Take it one step at a time Change can be hard. Not everyone likes to be different from routine by making decisions, big or small. When making a decision, look at it as a learning experience. 4 Don’t be afraid of the result. Look forward to it. See things from a different perspective When decision paralysis (决策瘫痪) has taken over and “what ifs” are holding you down, sometimes you need to step outside of yourself for a different perspective. 5 Ask yourself, “What would he or she do?” and let it be your guide. A．Think about someone you trust and respect. B．Develop a morning, work, and evening routine. C．Create an action list with decision deadlines and stick to it. D．Your decision will almost always be found in your answers. E．Every choice you make teaches you something. F．It can keep you stuck in place when you should be moving forward. G．If decision-making is difficult for you, first take a look at potential choices and results. 20.（22-23高二下·山东济南·期末） Looking for a rewarding volunteering activity? Get outdoors and glean (拾落穗)! Picking fresh, healthy produce that is donated to food banks is a win-win activity. 1 Gleaning is not a new concept. In 18th-century England, there was a law that provided unharvested crops should be given away to the poor. These days, there is a lot of produce that sits in the fields after harvest. 2 They will usually plant too much or will leave the produce that looks imperfect. Unfortunately, much of this produce would go unused in the field. Gleaning offers farm-fresh, healthy food for people concerned about food security. That is where gleaners come in. Gleaning addresses farm waste and food poverty by providing free healthy food straight from farm to table. And today, with a cost of living crisis, there are more hungry people. 3 In 2017, there were five gleaning groups in the UK, while today there are 25. Holly, head of the Cornwall Gleaning Group, said that her volunteers send around 300 boxes a week to food banks and community kitchens in her area. 4 “Any time I go gleaning, I am lifted up. For the volunteers, it’s so good for mental health, getting outside and doing something practical that’s good for the planet,” Holly said. 5 To make this happen, more groups need to be established with farmers and more people need to volunteer their time to help. This form of helping may soon become common. It is rewarding for volunteers who harvest in the fields and it also offers fresh and nutritious food to those who need it the most. A．They find the work very delightful. B．Luckily, interest in gleaning is growing. C．Hopes are that awareness will continue to grow. D．And it is also gaining popularity across the globe. E．To assist the hungry people, more crops will be grown. F．This is due to overproduction on the part of the farmers. G．From farm to table, gleaning is often a worthless experience. 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 七选五 1.（23-24高二下·山东威海·期末） Campus loan generally refers to a private loan given to a college student on the campus. Internet lenders, most of whom are loan sharks (高利贷者), offer such loans to students who need the money to meet their college and other expenses. 1 But these loans come with high interest and often with collateral security (抵押担保), which has included naked photographs of female students. Not being mature enough to read the trap attached to such loans, many students have fallen prey to the loan sharks. 2 In that case, college students should first learn to recognize the dangers. They should realize that by applying for an “internet loan”, they themselves are leaking their personal information, including their national ID and student ID card numbers and bank details. 3 For example, they may trick them into signing a contract (合同) for a huge loan, but lending them only a small amount. In order to avoid the dangers, the students should limit their consumption to what they really need, increase their financial knowledge and learn how to protect themselves using legal means. To begin with, before applying for a loan, the students should carefully compare the financial service information and the extra fees different internet lenders charge on loans. 4 More important, they should analyze the actual interest and the fine for not paying the interest on time, and properly keep the loan certificate. Also, when the students are threatened with physical violence to repay the loan, they should record the conversation and report it to the police in time. 5 Moreover, the students should learn to protect their privacy. And they should avoid the misuse of their personal information by other people to avoid getting involved in financial crimes. A．Campus loan is in essence a private loan. B．Campus loans come with many, hidden legal risks. C．Some internet lenders even promote so-called job-hunting loan. D．Besides, some internet lenders use loan tricks to cheat the students. E．These loans are popular due to their easy application and approval. F．This way, those issuing such threats can be held responsible for their actions. G．They should also carefully read and understand the contract before signing it. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．D 4．G 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大学生如何避免掉进校园贷款的陷阱。 1．根据下文“But these loans come with high interest and often with collateral security,”（但这些贷款的利息很高，而且通常有抵押担保）中的转折连词But 可知，此处应介绍校园贷款的优势，与下文介绍的弊端形成转折，E项（这些贷款因其易于申请和批准而广受欢迎）符合语境，故选E。 2．根据下文“In that case, college students should first learn to recognize the dangers. ”（在这种情况下，大学生应该首先学会识别危险）可知，校园贷款有风险，B项（校园贷款有许多潜在的法律风险）引领下文，符合语境，故选B。 3．根据下文“For example, they may trick them into signing a contract  for a huge loan, but lending them only a small amount.”（例如，网络贷款机构可能会诱骗他们签署一份大额贷款合同，但只借给他们少量贷款）可知，网络贷款机构在给大学生放贷时存在欺诈行为，D项（此外，一些网络贷款机构使用贷款骗局来欺骗学生）引领下文，符合语境，故选D。 4．根据下文“More important, they should analyze the actual interest and the fine for not paying the interest on time, and properly keep the loan certificate.”（更重要的是，他们应该分析实际利息和不按时支付利息的罚金，并妥善保管贷款证明）可知，此处介绍大学生在进行校园借贷时的注意事项，G项（在签署合同之前，他们还应该仔细阅读和理解合同）引领下文。符合语境，故选G。 5．根据上文“Also, when the students are threatened with physical violence to repay the loan, they should record the conversation and report it to the police in time. ”（此外，当学生受到偿还贷款的身体暴力威胁时，他们应该记录对话并及时向警方报告）可知，此处总结上文，说明这样做的好处，F项中的threats是关键信息词，F项（这样，那些发出此类威胁的放贷人就要对自己的行为负责）符合语境，故选F。 2.（23-24高二下·山东德州·期末） It is rightly said “Time and Tide wait for none”. But a number of people today have difficulty successfully managing time. 1 Now let’s take a look at a list of 4 skills you should master about time management. Set priorities. Write out all the tasks you need to get through for the day and then prioritize them in accordance with their level of significance. 2 Meanwhile, it also assists to guarantee that the most important things are done on time. 3 Certain activities, though seemingly harmless, significantly affect productivity. Instagram and Facebook, for instance, could easily consume hours that are better spent on studying or rest. To combat this, using time management tools that track how much time you spend online highlights areas for improvement. Do less. This is a trick from Leo Babauta, who started the blog Zen Habits. In his opinion, doing less doesn't mean “less is more”. It means “less is better”. 4 This is achieved by slowing down and concentrating only on those things. Once you do, make every action count. As a result, you'll be creating more value instead of just fodder. Relax at Appropriate Intervals. Control your performance over time by taking more pauses. According to Nathaniel Kleitman, a sleep scientist, “our brains naturally desire rest after every 90 minutes of hard activity.” Your mind will let you understand that you require a break when you start to feel sleepy, restless, hungry or lose concentration regardless of whether or not you have such a timer set. 5 Embrace these strategies, adapt them to your specific needs, and reclaim control over your time management. Your future self will thank you for it! A．Stay creative. B．Eliminate Time-wasters. C．Be aware of what needs to be done. D．You can not apply that to time management. E．It may improve the chances of achieving objectives. F．You realize it’s time to step back when you start feeling like this. G．This in turn, leads to a decline in production as well as a rise in their anxiety levels. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四项时间管理技能。 1．根据前文“But a number of people today have difficulty successfully managing time. (但今天许多人难以成功地管理时间。)”可知，下文将讲述时间管理不善的后果。与G项“This in turn, leads to a decline in production as well as a rise in their anxiety levels. (这反过来导致生产力下降以及焦虑水平上升。)”上下文一致，符合语境，故选G项。 2．根据前文“Set priorities. Write out all the tasks you need to get through for the day and then prioritize them in accordance with their level of significance. (设定优先级。写下你一天需要完成的所有任务，然后根据它们的重要性进行优先排序。)”可知，空处应描述设定优先级的好处。与E项“It may improve the chances of achieving objectives. (这可能会提高实现目标的机会。)”上下文一致，符合语境，描述了设定优先级的好处。故选E项。 3．根据下文“Certain activities, though seemingly harmless, significantly affect productivity. Instagram and Facebook, for instance, could easily consume hours that are better spent on studying or rest. (某些活动，虽然看似无害，但会显著影响生产力。例如，Instagram和Facebook可以轻易地消耗掉本可以用于学习或休息的时间。)”可知，空处应描述需要消除的时间浪费者。与B项“Eliminate Time-wasters. (杜绝浪费时间的行为。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 4．根据前文“Do less. This is a trick from Leo Babauta, who started the blog Zen Habits. In his opinion, doing less doesn't mean “less is more”. It means “less is better”. (少做点。这是Leo Babauta的一个技巧，他创办了Zen Habits博客。在他看来，少做并不意味着“少即是多”。它意味着“少即是好”。)”可知，空处应描述少做的具体方法。与C项“Be aware of what needs to be done. (了解需要做什么。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。 5．根据前文“Your mind will let you understand that you require a break when you start to feel sleepy, restless, hungry or lose concentration regardless of whether or not you have such a timer set. (你的头脑会让你明白，当你开始感到困倦、焦躁不安、饥饿或注意力不集中时，无论你是否设置了这样的计时器，你都需要休息一下。)”可知，空处应描述当你有这些感觉时该怎么做。与F项“You realize it’s time to step back when you start feeling like this. (当你开始有这种感觉时，你会意识到是时候退一步了。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。 3.（23-24高二下·山东临沂·期末） Does alien life exist? It’s a question many people have tried to answer. 1 AI is a type of program that allows a computer to learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence. AI works by taking in lots of data, then making predictions based on it. The research team used their AI method to analyze different materials and determine whether they were biotic (生物性的) or abiotic. 2 To train the AI program, the researchers gave it data on 134 biotic and abiotic materials. The program then used that knowledge to predict whether things like human hair, bones, teeth, eaves, coal, and chemicals were alive or not.   3 4 “We may be able to find a life-form from another planet.” said Robert Hazen of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC． “If we do find signs of life elsewhere, we can tell if life on Earth and other planets derived from a common or different origin.” For now, though, the team is focused on ancient rock samples from Earth to learn more about life on our own planet and where it originated. For example, the tool could be used to settle a disagreement among scientists about 3. 5-billion-year-old rocks from Western Australia. 5 However, others think the rocks just have unusual patterns. The AI could also be used to examine samples from Mars collected by the Perseverance over. NASA put this wheeled robot on the red planet to search for evidence that Mars has the right conditions to support life. Perseverance is gathering rock samples that will be brought to Earth in 2033. A．People’s answers are various. B．Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin. C．The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate. D．The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life-forms. E．Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples. F．Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI. G．The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的方法，即使用人工智能（AI）来寻找外星生命。 1．根据前文“Does alien life exist? It’s a question many people have tried to answer.(外星生命存在吗？这是一个很多人都试图回答的问题)”以及后文“AI is a type of program that allows a computer to learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence.(人工智能是一种允许计算机从经验中学习并执行通常需要人类智能的任务的程序)”可知，前文讲述外星生命，后文讲述人工智能，所以空处应是提及人工智能和外星生命有关，所以F项“Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI.(现在，科学家们发现了一种利用人工智能寻找外星生命的新方法)”符合文意，承接上文，引出下文。故选F项。 2．根据前文“The research team used their AI method to analyze different materials and determine whether they were biotic (生物性的) or abiotic.(研究小组利用人工智能方法分析了不同的材料，并确定了它们是生物还是非生物)”可知，本段主要讲述人工智能在分析材料的运用，所以G项“The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil.(人工智能还可以判断生物样本目前是活的还是化石)”承接上文，符合本段主题。故选G项。 3．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“To train the AI program, the researchers gave it data on 34 biotic and abiotic materials. The program then used that knowledge to predict whether things like human hair, bones, teeth, eaves, coal, and chemicals were alive or not.(为了训练人工智能程序，研究人员给了它34种生物和非生物材料的数据。然后，该程序利用这些知识来预测人类的头发、骨骼、牙齿、屋檐、煤炭和化学品等是否有生命)”可知，本段讲述研究人员如何训练人工智能，所以C项“The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate.(研究人员表示，人工智能的准确率为90%)”说明训练的结果，符合本段主题。故选C项。 4．位于段首，为本段的中心句，根据后文““We may be able to find a life-form from another planet.” said Robert Hazen of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC.(“我们也许能在另一个星球上找到一种生命形式。”华盛顿卡内基科学研究所的Robert Hazen说)”可知，本段讲述人工智能能帮助探测生命形式，所以D项“The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life-forms.(科学家们还认为，这种人工智能工具可以探测到外星生命形式)”介绍科学家的观点，引出下文，符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选D项。 5．根据前文“For example, the tool could be used to settle a disagreement among scientists about 3. 5-billion-year-old rocks from Western Australia.(例如，这个工具可以用来解决科学家们对来自西澳大利亚的35亿年前的岩石的分歧)”以及后文“However, others think the rocks just have unusual patterns.(然而，其他人认为这些岩石只是有不寻常的图案)”可知，此处在举例西澳大利亚的35亿年前的岩石进行说明，所以E项“Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples.(一些专家认为这些岩石含有地球上最古老的化石样本)”讲述岩石的研究，承上启下，符合此处主题。故选E项。 4.（23-24高二下·山东日照·期末） Fating junk food can have a significant impact on one's health. Though many people enjoy eating junk food and think it tastes great, the health consequences can be serious, and can range from everything to low energy levels to weight gain and illness. 1 But it typically refers to foods that are relatively high in caloric content, but low in nutritional value. Junk food is often high in sugar, salt, white flour, and fat 2 A few examples of foods often considered to be junk food include fast food, sweets such as ice cream. candy, donuts, and prepackaged treats, soda, and potato chips, among many others. Most people have no trouble identifying junk food; it is when they want to stop eating junk food that the-trouble starts. 3 Many people skip breakfast or other meals throughout the day, choosing instead to grab a quick snack or a soft drink. The junk food causes energy levels to increase, which people like, but then energy levels will quickly drop sharply, sending one back into the kitchen for another quick snack. Another one of the most obvious effects from eating junk food is weight gain. People who cat a lot of junk food tend to gain weight quickly, which can lead to obesity over time 4 It can raise cholesterol(胆固醇) and blood pressure, contributing to heart disease. In addition, eating junk food can cause one to develop insulin resistance, which is one of the risk factors for diabetes. When the body does not get proper nutrition. it can become difficult to concentrate. 5 Keep all of these unhealth effects of junk food in mind before eating anything; a healthy diet can lead to greater energy levels, improved mood and concentration ability, weight loss, and decreased risk factors for heart disease and. diabetes. Though junk food may be easy and fast, its health impacts are too great to ignore. A．It can also cause depression. B．This is a particular concern in children. C．In addition, junk food can cause moodiness. D．It is often heavily processed and prepackaged. E．The term “junk food” includes a fairly broad category of food F．The first effect of eating junk food is its impact on energy levels. G．This extra weight then has an impact on the health of the rest of the body. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了垃圾食品对健康的影响，包括能量水平的变化、体重增加、心脏病风险增加、胰岛素抵抗以及情绪波动等问题。 1．根据上文“Though many people enjoy eating junk food and think it tastes great, the health consequences can be serious, and can range from everything to low energy levels to weight gain and illness.(尽管许多人喜欢吃垃圾食品，认为它味道很好，但其对健康的影响可能是严重的，从低能量水平到体重增加和疾病等)”可知，此处需要进一步解释“垃圾食品”的定义，与E项“the term “junk food” includes a fairly broad category of food(“垃圾食品”这个词包括相当广泛的食物类别)”表达的意思一致，故选E项。 2．根据上文“Junk food is often high in sugar, salt, white flour, and fat(垃圾食品通常含有高糖分、高盐分、白面粉和高脂肪)”可知，此处需要说明垃圾食品的特点，与D项“It is often heavily processed and prepackaged.(它通常是经过深度加工和预包装的)”表达的意思一致，故选D项。 3．根据下文“Many people skip breakfast or other meals throughout the day, choosing instead to grab a quick snack or a soft drink. The junk food causes energy levels to increase, which people like, but then energy levels will quickly drop sharply, sending one back into the kitchen for another quick snack.(许多人跳过早餐或一天中的其他餐点，选择抓一个快餐或软饮料。垃圾食品会导致能量水平上升，人们喜欢这样，但随后能量水平会急剧下降，让人回到厨房再吃一个快餐)”可知，此处需要说明吃垃圾食品的第一个影响是对能量水平的影响，与F项“The first effect of eating junk food is its impact on energy levels.(吃垃圾食品的第一个影响是对能量水平的影响)”表达的意思一致，故选F项。 4．根据上文“People who eat a lot of junk food tend to gain weight quickly, which can lead to obesity over time(吃很多垃圾食品的人往往体重增加很快，这可能导致随着时间的推移而肥胖)”可知，此处需要说明额外的体重对身体其他部位健康的影响，与G项“This extra weight then has an impact on the health of the rest of the body.(这个额外的体重然后对身体其他部位的健康产生影响)”表达的意思一致，故选G项。 5．根据上文“When the body does not get proper nutrition, it can become difficult to concentrate.(当身体没有得到适当的营养时，集中注意力会变得困难)”以及下文“Keep all of these unhealth effects of junk food in mind before eating anything(在吃任何食物前，请牢记垃圾食品的所有不健康影响)”可知，空白处说的是垃圾食品的另一种对身体的不健康的影响，与C项“In addition, junk food can cause moodiness.(此外，垃圾食品可能导致情绪波动)”表达的意思一致，故选C项。 5.（23-24高二下·山东聊城·期末） How do you respond when someone else sets a boundary? You might hear the word “boundaries”  and imagine walls that separate you from other people. In a sense, that’s true. But boundaries aren’t necessarily a bad thing. In fact, they’re an important ingredient in healthy and balanced relationships. 1 You’re not the only one who can set boundaries. 2 Perhaps you feel like you’re being scolded or “put in your place”. You may notice some negative emotions rushing to the surface as you try to immediately defend your actions. Keep in mind that you are not losing anything but gaining knowledge of what makes the person in your life feel safe and happy. 3 If you’re feeling upset, deep, slow breathing can calm your nervous system’s “fight or flight” response. This makes it easier for you to receive information rather than prepare for an argument. Remember that you both have your own way of processing and feeling emotions. Try not to assume what your partner needs before they say it out loud. 4 Apologize when necessary. You’re only human, and we all make mistakes. Maybe you accidentally overstepped a boundary by making an offensive joke or oversharing when you’ve been asked not to. 5 Ask for clarity if you feel you need it. By learning to accept and acknowledge other people’s boundaries, you can start to think about how you can improve your own connections with others. Ultimately, effective boundaries can leave you both feeling empowered and result in a healthier, more satisfying relationship. A．Take time to breathe and listen. B．When someone voices a restriction, you might feel a sense of shame or frustration. C．Allow them space to voice their needs and wants. D．When someone reaffirms the boundary, be humble enough to apologize for your mistake. E．You’ll need to adjust it as circumstances change and relationships grow. F．They’re also a crucial part of maintaining mental health and physical well-being. G．Learning how to set and maintain boundaries can change many aspects of your life. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了界限的重要性以及如何应对他人的界限。 1．根据上文“How do you respond when someone else sets a boundary? You might hear the word “boundaries”  and imagine walls that separate you from other people. In a sense, that’s true. But boundaries aren’t necessarily a bad thing. In fact, they’re an important ingredient in healthy and balanced relationships.(当别人设定界限时，你如何回应？你可能会听到“界限”这个词，想象把你和其他人分开的墙。从某种意义上说，这是对的。但界限并不一定是坏事。事实上，它们是健康和平衡关系的重要组成部分)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故对上文进行补充说明，继续解释界限的重要意义。故F选项“它们也是保持身心健康的重要组成部分”符合语境，故选F。 2．根据上文“You’re not the only one who can set boundaries.(你不是唯一一个可以设定界限的人)”以及后文“Perhaps you feel like you’re being scolded or “put in your place”.(也许你觉得自己被责骂了，或者“被置于你的位置上”)”可知，后文提到觉得自己被责骂了，推测本句是在说明对于界限的负面感受。故B选项“当有人提出限制时，你可能会感到羞耻或沮丧”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据后文“If you’re feeling upset, deep, slow breathing can calm your nervous system’s “fight or flight” response. This makes it easier for you to receive information rather than prepare for an argument.(如果你感到不安，深呼吸，缓慢的呼吸可以平息你的神经系统的“战斗或逃跑”反应。这让你更容易接受信息，而不是准备争论)”可知，后文提到了深呼吸以及接受信息，A选项中breathe对应后文deep, slow breathing。故A选项“花点时间深呼吸和倾听”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“Remember that you both have your own way of processing and feeling emotions. Try not to assume what your partner needs before they say it out loud.(记住你们都有自己处理和感受情绪的方式。在你的伴侣大声说出来之前，尽量不要去猜测他们需要什么)”可知，上文提到不要去猜测伴侣需要什么，说明建议让对方自我表达需求，故C选项“给他们表达需求的空间”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据上文“Apologize when necessary. You’re only human, and we all make mistakes. Maybe you accidentally overstepped a boundary by making an offensive joke or oversharing when you’ve been asked not to.(必要时道歉。你只是凡人，我们都会犯错。也许你不小心越过了界限，开了一个无礼的玩笑，或者在别人要求你不要的情况下过度分享)”以及后文“Ask for clarity if you feel you need it.(如果你觉得有必要，就问清楚)”可知，上文提到了不小心越界，推测本句是在说明越界时的应对方法。故D选项“当有人重申界限时，要谦虚地为你的错误道歉”符合语境，故选D。 6.（23-24高二下·山东菏泽·期末） Developing a strong sense of self-respect can help you fulfil your potential, develop healthy relationships, and make everyone around you see you as a person who is worthy of respect. Take steps to know how to feel happy with who you are. 1 Treat yourself with respect We often do things to ourselves that we would never dream of doing to someone we care about. For instance, when’s the last time you called a friend ugly, told them they weren’t good enough, or discouraged them from following their dreams? 2 . Don’t harm yourself, no matter how bad you feel. This kind of treatment is only bound to make you feel worse. Take care of your body When you make an effort to keep your body in good working order, you’ll not only feel better physically, but you’ll also feel a sense of pride. 3 . This doesn’t mean that going to the gym and looking amazing will automatically lead you to have high self-respect. But it does mean that if you don’t put any time or care into your appearance, that you’ll start to lose respect for who you are. Improve yourself 4 . It means being able to accept the things that you cannot change about yourself, while working to address the things that you need to work on. Take some time to really think about yourself and to consider the areas you’d like to work on the most. Improving yourself can mean taking a yoga class, volunteering, spending more time learning lessons from the elders you care about, learning to see multiple perspectives about a situation. 5 A．Maintain a positive attitude B．Make an effort to get fit and stay healthy. C．The world will treat you as you deserve to be treated D．Whatever you believe to be respect, apply it to yourself. E．Respecting yourself does not mean thinking that you are perfect F．Stop wishing you had what others have and work on achieving what you really want G．Striving to learn new things through reading the news will certainly benefit you a lot, too 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何培养自尊。 1．前文“Take steps to know how to feel happy with who you are.(采取一些措施来知道如何对自己感到满意。)”指出可以采取一些措施来达到自我满意，由此可知，空处应对这种做法进行评价，C项“世界会按照你应得的方式对待你。”符合题意。故选C。 2．根据本段小标题“Treat yourself with respect”可知，本段主要讲述了要尊重自己，结合前文“We often do things to ourselves that we would never dream of doing to someone we care about. For instance, when’s the last time you called a friend ugly, told them they weren’t good enough, or discouraged them from following their dreams?(例如，你上一次称朋友丑陋、告诉他们不够好或劝阻他们追求梦想是什么时候？)”和空后一句“Don’t harm yourself, no matter how bad you feel.(无论你感觉多么糟糕，都不要伤害自己。)”可知，D项“无论你认为什么是尊重，都要把它应用到自己身上。”符合题意。故选D。 3．根据本段小标题“Take care of your body”可知，本段主要讲述了要照顾好自己的身体。结合空前一句“When you make an effort to keep your body in good working order, you’ll not only feel better physically, but you’ll also feel a sense of pride.(当你努力保持身体良好的工作状态时，你不仅会在身体上感觉更好，还会感到自豪。)”可知，空处应讲述要保持健康，B项“努力保持健康。”符合题意。故选B。 4．根据下文“It means being able to accept the things that you cannot change about yourself, while working to address the things that you need to work on. Take some time to really think about yourself and to consider the areas you’d like to work on the most.(这意味着能够接受你无法改变自己的事情，同时努力解决你需要解决的问题。花点时间好好想想自己，想想你最想做的事情。)”可知，下文讲述了要接受无法改变的事情，努力解决需要解决的事情，花时间思考自己最想做的事情，由此可知，尊重自我并不是要认为自己很完美，而是提升自我，E项“尊重自己并不意味着认为自己是完美的”符合题意，does not mean和下文中的It means形成对照。故选E。 5．根据空前一句“Improving yourself can mean taking a yoga class, volunteering, spending more time learning lessons from the elders you care about, learning to see multiple perspectives about a situation.(提升自己可能意味着上瑜伽课、做志愿者、花更多时间向你关心的长辈学习，学会从多个角度看待一种情况。)”可知，前面讲述了提升自己的一些方式，空处可讲述其他方式，G项“通过阅读新闻努力学习新事物肯定也会让你受益匪浅。”符合题意。故选G。 7.（23-24高二下·山东枣庄·期末） Throughout the summer there is nothing like getting to play outside in the warm weather. You have all day to play and have lots of adventures, with no school or responsibilities. 1 Here are some simple sun safety tips that will keep you having fun in the sun. One of he easiest ways to protect yourself from the sun is to use sunscreen and know how to apply it correctly. You should remember to put on sunscreen at least 15 minutes before going outside. Remember to put it on any area that is exposed to the sun, especially hands, ears, neck, feet, nose, shoulders and lips. You also need to remember to reapply sunscreen at least every two hours. 2 Waterproof sunscreen is a better choice if you will be around the water. 3 Hats and UV protected sunglasses are important to protect your face and eyes from sun damage. Also wearing protective clothing, including clothing with UV protection will also help prevent sun damage. It is also fairly simple to plan not to spend too much time outside during the sunniest hours of the day. 4 During these times it is a good idea to have other fun activities arranged, so you can be sure to get out of the sun for a while and protect yourself from sun damage. When you are playing at the beach in the water and on the sand you should be extra careful about sun safety. 5 And that can cause more sun damage. Be sure to cover up as much as possible and be careful to reapply your sunscreen often and after you have been in the water. A．Watch for the UV index. B．Both water and sand reflect the sunlight. C．The sun is most powerful from around 10 am to 4 pm. D．But nothing can ruin your fun like getting a nasty sunburn. E．And reapply it every time after swimming or getting sweaty. F．Another simple way to protect your skin from the sun is to cover up. G．If you must be in the sunlight, use the strongest sunscreen you can get. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．F 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在夏天如何在阳光下安全地玩耍和避免晒伤。 1．空前“Throughout the summer there is nothing like getting to play outside in the warm weather.  You have all day to play and have lots of adventures, with no school or responsibilities.(在整个夏天，没有什么比在温暖的天气里在外面玩耍更好的了。你有一整天的时间玩，有很多的冒险，不用上学，也不用承担任何责任)”说明了夏天在外面玩儿非常好，空后“Here are some simple sun safety tips that will keep you having fun in the sun.(这里有一些简单的阳光安全提示，可以让你在阳光下玩得开心)”说明接下来要讲一些在外面玩儿的安全提示，根据第二段“One of he easiest ways to protect yourself from the sun is to use sunscreen and know how to apply it correctly.(保护自己免受太阳晒伤最简单的方法之一就是使用防晒霜，并知道如何正确使用)”可知，这篇文章是要讲如何防晒的，空格处就应该承接上文，说在户外玩儿的一个问题就是可能会晒伤，为接下来讲防晒的方法做好铺垫，D选项“But nothing can ruin your fun like getting a nasty sunburn.(但是没有什么比晒伤更能破坏你的乐趣了)”说明晒伤会破坏在外面玩儿的乐趣，承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 2．空前“You also need to remember to reapply sunscreen at least every two hours.(你还需要记得至少每两小时补涂一次防晒霜)”说明的是要补涂防晒霜，空格处也应该是讲和涂防晒霜有关的内容，E选项“And reapply it every time after swimming or getting sweaty.(每次游泳或出汗后都要补涂)”说明游泳或出汗后都要补涂防晒霜，是关于涂防晒霜的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 3．空后“Hats and UV protected sunglasses are important to protect your face and eyes from sun damage. Also wearing protective clothing, including clothing with UV protection will also help prevent sun damage.(帽子和防紫外线太阳镜对保护你的脸和眼睛免受阳光伤害很重要。还要穿防护服，包括防紫外线的衣服，也有助于防止阳光伤害)”说明的是一些物理防晒的方法，就是把自己遮盖起来，F选项“Another simple way to protect your skin from the sun is to cover up.(另一种保护皮肤免受阳光照射的简单方法是把皮肤遮盖起来)”引出了下面通过遮盖皮肤来防晒的方法，引起下文，符合语境，故选F。 4．空前“It is also fairly simple to plan not to spend too much time outside during the sunniest hours of the day.(同样，规划在一天中阳光最强烈的时候不要花太多时间待在户外也很简单)”说明了不要在阳光最强烈的时候长时间待在户外，空格处应该是和阳光最强烈的时候有关，C选项“The sun is most powerful from around 10 am to 4 pm.(太阳在上午10点到下午4点左右最强烈)”说明了阳光最强烈的时候是在上午10点到下午4点，承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 5．空前“When you are playing at the beach in the water and on the sand you should be extra careful about sun safety.(当你在海滩上的水和沙滩上玩耍时，你应该特别注意防晒)”说明了在海滩上要特别注意防晒，空后“And that can cause more sun damage.(而且那会造成更严重的晒伤)”说明了某个东西会造成更严重的晒伤，空格处应该提到造成晒伤的事物或事情，B选项“Both water and sand reflect the sunlight.(水和沙子都反射阳光)”中的水和沙子是海滩上有的，承接了上文的“在海滩上”，水和沙子反射阳光，因此造成晒伤，因此B选项承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 8.（23-24高二下·山东泰安·期末） Laughter is a universal language for humans to connect with each other and form social bonds. Even as babies, we giggle when our parents pull funny faces, and then gradually learn to make others laugh as we grow up. 1 Scientists have observed behaviors in animals that suggest that your pets might be secret jokesters. Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Biologist Charles Darwin saw this as the dog’s version of a practical joke. Mare Bekoff, biology professor, also observed dogs playfully teasing each other by approaching slowly and then quickly running away. 2 And he’s also said that animals may goof around (瞎胡闹) as a way to cope with stress. In a 2024 study, Isabelle Laumer and colleagues watched four ape species interact with each other and observed 18 distinct teasing behaviors. They saw young apes move towards an adult quietly, pat them to surprise them and then wait and watch the response, behaviour similar to that shown by human children. 3 What about laughing? While playing, dogs sometimes produce a breathy snort (哼) that could sound like laughter. 4 Rats make a joyful squeak (吱吱声) similar to a giggle when they are tickled, says Jeffrey Burgdorf, professor at Northwestern University. 5 Are the apes in Laumer’s study really joking around or just attention-seeking? What would be the evolutionary purpose of animals teasing? “In humans, humour can serve as an ice-breaker, removing social barriers and strengthening relationships,” says Laumer. “We don’t know if it’s the same in apes or other animals, but it’s possible.” A．But is it a uniquely human experience? B．His study showed that rats intend to tease. C．Dolphins let out a squeak when they are hungry. D．Dolphins let out sounds of joy when play-fighting. E．His work concluded that dogs just want to have fun. F．But is a rat’s giggle really a sign of a sense of humour? G．So, a sense of humour may have appeared early in our evolutionary timeline. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．G 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了动物界中可能存在幽默感的现象，科学家观察到狗、猿类和老鼠等动物展现出类似人类幽默行为的例子，如戏弄、玩笑和笑声，提示幽默感或许在进化早期就已出现。 1．上文“Laughter is a universal language for humans to connect with each other and form social bonds. Even as babies, we giggle when our parents pull funny faces, and then gradually learn to make others laugh as we grow up.(笑是人类相互联系和形成社会纽带的通用语言。即使在婴儿时期，当父母做出滑稽的表情时，我们也会咯咯地笑，然后随着我们的成长，我们逐渐学会让别人发笑)”说明人类会笑和让别人发笑，A项“但这是一种独特的人类体验吗？”承接上文，并引出下文“Scientists have observed behaviors in animals that suggest that your pets might be secret jokesters.(科学家观察到动物的行为表明，你的宠物可能是秘密的爱开玩笑的动物)”，说明动物也可能会笑。故选A。 2．上文“Mare Bekoff, biology professor, also observed dogs playfully teasing each other by approaching slowly and then quickly running away.(生物学教授Mare Bekoff也观察到，狗会慢慢靠近，然后迅速跑开，开玩笑地互相逗弄)”说明生物学教授研究狗的行为，E项“他的研究得出结论，狗只是想玩得开心。”说明这位教授的研究结果，承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 3．上文“They saw young apes move towards an adult quietly, pat them to surprise them and then wait and watch the response, behaviour similar to that shown by human children.(他们看到幼猿悄悄地走向一只成年猿，拍拍它们让它们大吃一惊，然后等待并观察它们的反应，这种行为类似于人类儿童的表现)”说明猿的幼崽会做出类似人类儿童的表现，G项“因此，幽默感可能出现在我们进化的早期。”承接上文，作为上文介绍的结果，说明幽默感可能出现在进化的早期。故选G。 4．上文“While playing, dogs sometimes produce a breathy snort (哼) that could sound like laughter.(在玩耍时，狗有时会发出一种听起来像笑声的喘息声)”以及下文“Rats make a joyful squeak (吱吱声) similar to a giggle when they are tickled, says Jeffrey Burgdorf, professor at Northwestern University.(西北大学教授Jeffrey Burgdorf说，老鼠被挠痒时会发出类似咯咯笑声的快乐吱吱声)”说明动物会在快乐时发出像笑声的声音，D项“海豚在打闹时发出欢乐的声音。”以海豚为例，说明动物在快乐时会发出声音，与上下文并列，符合题意。故选D。 5．上文“Rats make a joyful squeak (吱吱声) similar to a giggle when they are tickled, says Jeffrey Burgdorf, professor at Northwestern University.(西北大学教授Jeffrey Burgdorf说，老鼠被挠痒时会发出类似咯咯笑声的快乐吱吱声)”说明老鼠被挠痒时会发出类似咯咯笑的声音，F项中a rat’s giggle是关键词，F项“但是老鼠的咯咯笑声真的是幽默感的表现吗？”承接上文，并提出问题，引出下文的问题“Are the apes in Laumer’s study really joking around or just attention-seeking?(Laumer研究中的猿类真的是在开玩笑还是只是在寻求关注？)”，质疑动物发出的声音是否是真地开心。故选F。 9.（23-24高二下·山东潍坊·期末） Your box room holds endless potential, just waiting for you to unlock it. Tailor these tips to your specific needs and preferences to create a functional and organised living space. Ask yourself, “What do I want this room to be?” 1 Whether it’s transforming your box room into a functional space, a comfortable bedroom, a productive office, a kids’ playroom, or even a combined office and laundry room, make sure to revisit your “why” throughout the process. A room with multiple roles demands furniture that can be flexible. Option for space-saving furniture: wall beds, sofa beds that can be used from seating to short sleeping, wall desks that appear when you need them, and slimline pieces that do double duty. 2 They allow your room to transform as you do. Try floor-to-ceiling solutions. Go big or go home, right? Let’s make use of all that room height. Get furniture that reaches from the floor to the ceiling — creating a stylish and practical design. 3 What about the seasonal and occasional pieces you only use once in a blue moon? Think seasonal decorations , archived documents, or holiday clothes. 4 For those you don’t quite have space for in your room, but don’t want to get rid of, consider an off-site storage solution like Attic Self Storage in London.      5 Install hooks and shelves in your box room to keep your frequently used stuff within arm’s reach. If you’re a renter, you can also get some convenient hooks that require no installation. A．Before you start any makeover, consider your needs. B．When it comes to space-saving strategy, less is often more. C．No corner goes to waste, and your room becomes a picture of efficiency. D．Explore regular beds with built-in or separate under-bed drawers to match your style. E．These adaptable items will not only serve different purposes but save you floor space. F．Walls and doors are for more than just decoration — they’re potential storage goldmines. G．They often get thrown away due to lack of storage space or are put away in a place we usually forget. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．C 4．G 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何改造储物间提出了一些建议。 1．根据后文“Whether it’s transforming your box room into a functional space, a comfortable bedroom, a productive office, a kids’ playroom, or even a combined office and laundry room, make sure to revisit your “why” throughout the process.(无论是把你的储物间改造成一个功能空间，一个舒适的卧室，一个高效的办公室，一个孩子的游戏室，甚至是一个办公室和洗衣房的组合，确保在整个过程中重新审视你的“为什么”)”可知，后文主要说明了根据需求去改造房间。故A选项“在你开始任何改造之前，考虑一下你的需求”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据上文“A room with multiple roles demands furniture that can be flexible. Option for space-saving furniture: wall beds , sofa beds that can be used from seating to short sleeping, wall desks that appear when you need them, and slimline pieces that do double duty.(一个有多种角色的房间需要灵活的家具。可以选择节省空间的家具:壁式床，沙发床，可以从座位到短睡，壁式办公桌，当你需要的时候出现，以及有双重功能的细长件)”可知，本句承接上文，说明选择有双重功能物品的原因。故E选项“这些适应性强的物品不仅有不同的用途，而且节省了你的占地面积”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“Try floor-to-ceiling solutions. Go big or go home, right? Let’s make use of all that room height. Get furniture that reaches from the floor to the ceiling—creating a stylish and practical design.(尝试从地板到天花板的解决方案。要么全力以赴，要么放弃，对吗？让我们充分利用房间的高度。买一些从地板到天花板的家具，这样既时尚又实用)”可知，上文提到买一些从地板到天花板的家具，本句为本段最后一句，说明这么做的好处。故C选项“没有一个角落被浪费，你的房间成为一个高效的画面”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据上文“What about the seasonal and occasional pieces you only use once in a blue moon? Think seasonal decorations , archived documents, or holiday clothes.(那些你千载难逢才使用一次的季节性和偶尔使用的衣服呢？想想季节装饰、存档文件或节日服装)”可知，本句承接上文，说明季节装饰、存档文件或节日服装这些物品的共性。故G选项“它们经常因为没有储存空间而被扔掉，或者被放在一个我们经常忘记的地方”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据后文“Install hooks and shelves in your box room to keep your frequently used stuff within arm’s reach. If you’re a renter, you can also get some convenient hooks that require no installation.(在你的储物间里安装挂钩和架子，把你经常用的东西放在伸手可及的地方。如果你是租客，你也可以买一些不需要安装的方便挂钩)”可知，本段主要说明了储物间中其他可以变成储物的地方。故F选项“墙壁和门不仅仅是用来装饰的——它们还是潜在的储藏金矿”符合语境，故选F。 10.（23-24高二下·山东东营·期末） How Peer Pressure Influences Your Child Peer pressure can affect your child’s behavior in positive and negative ways. 1 Peer pressure is the influence from people who are members of the same social group. It is also the term used to describe the effect this influence has on a person to conform (从众) in order to be accepted by the group. 2 And while your child’s friends are their peers, peers can also be anyone of a similar social position, such as people who are the same age, who have the same abilities, or who share a social position. People commonly think of peer pressure in a negative light. 3 Sometimes peer pressure is used to positively influence people, such as when teens work toward common goals such as doing well in school or helping out in their community. Learning about acceptable group norms can be a positive part of learning how to live with and socialize with others. 4 For example, natural leaders tend to be less likely to be influenced by negative forms of peer pressure,while followers may have a harder time resisting it. It’s important to prepare for dealing with peer pressure. One of the most important things to help your child deal with negative peer pressure is to talk to them about it.   5 If your child is being negatively affected by peer pressure, let them know you are someone they can trust and offer to make a plan for getting out of a bad situation. A．Often, peers are thought of as friends. B．It can do great harm to his or her health. C．In reality, however, it’s not always a bad thing. D．Here’s what you should know about helping your child manage it. E．Different people may have different ways to deal with peer pressure. F．How a child responds to peer pressure can highlight different personalities. G．Help them develop the skills to think independently and encourage self-confidence. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了同伴压力如何影响你的孩子。 1．根据上文“Peer pressure can affect your child’s behavior in positive and negative ways.”（同辈压力会以积极和消极的方式影响孩子的行为。）可知，选项承上启下说明应该了解一些事情帮助你的孩子了解同辈压力。故D选项“以下是你应该知道的，如何帮助你的孩子了解同辈压力”切题。故选D项。 2．根据上文“It is also the term used to describe the effect this influence has on a person to conform (从众) in order to be accepted by the group.”（同伴压力也被用来描述这种影响对一个人为了被群体接受而遵从的影响。）和下文“And while your child’s friends are their peers,peers can also be anyone of a similar social position, such as people who are the same age,who have the same abilities,or who share a social position.”（虽然你孩子的朋友是他们的同龄人，但同龄人也可以是任何社会地位相似的人，比如年龄相同的人，有相同的能力的人，或者有共同的社会地位的人。）可知，选项要说明同龄人指的是哪个群体。选项中friends呼应下文中your child’s friends。故A选项“通常，同龄人被认为是朋友”切题。故选A项。 3．根据上文“People commonly think of peer pressure in a negative light.”（人们通常认为同伴压力是负面的。）和下文“Sometimes peer pressure is used to positively influence people,such as when teens work toward common goals such as doing well in school or helping out in their community.”（有时同伴压力被用来对人产生积极的影响，比如当青少年朝着共同的目标努力时，比如在学校表现良好或在社区中提供帮助。）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且承接下文说明同伴压力并不见得就是一件坏事。选项中not always a bad thing呼应下文中positively。故C选项“然而，在现实中，这并不总是一件坏事”切题。故选C项。 4．根据下文“For example, natural leaders tend to be less likely to be influenced by negative forms of peer pressure,while followers may have a harder time resisting it.”（例如，天生的领导者往往不太可能受到消极形式的同伴压力的影响，而追随者可能更难抵制这种压力。）可知，同伴压力与个人的个性有关联。故F选项“孩子对同伴压力的反应可以突出不同的个性”切题。故选F项。 5．根据上文“One of the most important things to help your child deal with negative peer pressure is to talk to them about it. ”（帮助孩子应对消极的同伴压力的最重要的事情之一就是和他们谈谈。）可知，选项承接上文说明帮助的内容是什么。故G选项“帮助他们发展独立思考的技能，鼓励他们自信。”切题。故选G项。 11（23-24高二下·山东滨州·期末） Mushrooms are not only tasty. They are also filled with healthy nutrients, like calcium and potassium, and vitamins, like D and B．Some people not only enjoy eating mushrooms, 1 But that is not for everyone. While some people are knowledgeable enough to collect mushrooms in the woods and eat them, many people are not. Eating the wrong mushroom can make you sick or even dead. Therefore, buying them is the easier and safer choice. However, there is another one. 2 In a recent article for The Associated Press, plant expert Jessica Damiano explains there are two ways to do this. You can buy a set of materials from a garden store called a “grow kit” or you can put them together yourself. 3 These grow kits include partly-grown mushroom starters, called “spawn”. The spawn is set in soil and is contained in its own grow box. You put the spawn in water overnight. Then you return it to the box and open it to fresh air. Spray it with water two times a day. Within two or three weeks, you will be eating mushrooms with more on the way. Damiano says it is a fun, easy activity. If you are more serious about growing mushrooms and want a larger harvest, Damiano says it costs less to put the materials together yourself. For starters, you will need a wooden, metal, or plastic box or container. You will also need a growing substance—soil mixed with compost and other materials. Finally, you will need fungal spores as seeds. 4 Mushrooms usually grow, or “fruit” within a week or two. 5 Depending on the kind of mushroom, they will be ready to harvest, with their tops fully open. That will be in roughly three to four weeks. Use a sharp, clean knife to cut them at soil level to avoid disrupting nearby growth. A．And people will likely ask you about it. B．they also like to collect them in the wild. C．You can purchase these online or at specialty stores. D．You can grow mushrooms yourself inside your own home. E．Avoid bringing bacteria or non-mushroom fungi into the box. F．They nearly double in size daily until they are finished growing. G．Grow kit s are a great way for beginners to try growing mushrooms. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．G 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。主要通过介绍蘑菇的营养价值、野外采集的风险，以及在家种植蘑菇的方法（包括使用生长套装和自行准备材料两种方式），来向读者提供关于如何安全、便捷地享用蘑菇的信息。 1．由上文“Mushrooms are not only tasty. They are also filled with healthy nutrients, like calcium and potassium, and vitamins, like D and B. Some people not only enjoy eating mushrooms (蘑菇不仅好吃。它们还富含健康的营养物质，如钙和钾，以及维生素，如D和B。有些人不仅喜欢吃蘑菇，)”可知，这里提到了人们喜欢食用蘑菇，因此接下来可能谈及有些人还喜欢作出什么关于蘑菇的行动。且not only... but also..“不仅……而且……”为固定搭配。故B选项“they also like to collect them in the wild.  (他们也喜欢在野外采集它们。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 2．由上文“Therefore, buying them is the easier and safer choice. However, there is another one. (因此，购买它们是更容易和更安全的选择。然而，还有另一个。)”和下文“In a recent article for The Associated Press, plant expert Jessica Damiano explains there are two ways to do this. You can buy a set of materials from a garden store called a “grow kit” or you can put them together yourself. (在美联社最近的一篇文章中，植物专家Jessica Damiano解释说有两种方法可以做到这一点。你可以从园艺商店买一套叫做“种植套装”的材料，或者你可以自己把它们放到一起。)”可知，此处应提出自己在家种植蘑菇的可能性。故D选项“You can grow mushrooms yourself inside your own home. (你可以在家里自己种蘑菇。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 3．由下文“These grow kit s include partly-grown mushroom starters, called “spawn”. The spawn is set in soil and is contained in its own grow box. You put the spawn in water overnight. Then you return it to the box and open it to fresh air. Spray it with water two times a day. Within two or three weeks, you will be eating mushrooms with more on the way. Damiano says it is a fun, easy activity. (这些种植套装包含部分生长的蘑菇初生体，称为“菌种”。菌种被安置在土壤中，并装在自己的生长盒里。你需要将菌种浸泡在水中过夜。之后，再将其放回盒子中，并且打开盒子暴露于新鲜空气中。每天喷两次水。在两到三周内，你就可以开始享用蘑菇了，并且还会有更多的蘑菇不断生长。Damiano表示，这是一个既有趣又简单的活动。)”可知，此处开始介绍种植套装的使用方法，种植套装很简单是初学者尝试种植蘑菇的好方法。故G选项“Grow kits are a great way for beginners to try growing mushrooms. (种植套装是初学者尝试种植蘑菇的好方法。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选G。 4．由上文“If you are more serious about growing mushrooms and want a larger harvest, Damiano says it costs less to put the materials together yourself. For starters, you will need a wooden, metal, or plastic box or container. You will also need a growing substance—soil mixed with compost and other materials. Finally, you will need fungal spores as seeds. (Damiano说，如果你对种植蘑菇更认真，想要更大的收获，自己组装材料的成本更低。首先，你需要一个木制的、金属的或塑料的盒子或容器。你还需要一种生长物质——混合了堆肥和其他材料的土壤。最后，你需要真菌孢子作为种子。)”可知，上文介绍种植套装，提到了需要购买的东西，如容器、生长基质等，最后提到了需要购买真菌孢子作为种子，因此此处应说明这些物品的获取途径。故C选项“You can purchase these online or at specialty stores. (你可以在网上或专卖店购买)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 5．由上文“Mushrooms usually grow, or “fruit” within a week or two (蘑菇通常在一两个星期内生长，或“成熟”。)”以及下文描述的收获时间，可知此处应描述蘑菇生长的速度或过程。故F选项“They nearly double in size daily until they are finished growing. (它们的体型每天几乎翻一番，直到生长完成。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 12（23-24高二下·山东济南·期末）It’s believed that health and happiness are two basics that make up a good life. And the two turn out to be more closely related than we might think. The question of whether one causes the other or if the two are correlated is difficult to figure out. 1 It’s difficult to distinguish the relationship between health and happiness. 2 Does dealing with a chronic (慢性的) illness consistently worsen mood? Researchers try to answer these questions, but the relationship will always be challenging to say for certain. Happiness is associated with a series of physical health benefits, such as lower blood pressure, reduced risk of heart disease, a stronger immune (免疫的) system, and even a longer life. Positive emotions are also linked to good health in older adults and a reduced risk of injury in young adults. 3 People who report feeling a stronger sense of happiness and well-being live longer, on average, than those who report weaker feelings, and the effect exists for both men and women. 4 Some research suggests that when people take better care of themselves, they come to feel happier. Some research suggests that people who are healthier just have a more positive attitude to life and the world. Still another research suggests that an essential factor such as genetics or personality contributes to both. Exercise stimulates the body to produce certain chemicals such as hormones (荷尔蒙). 5 Exercise also shifts our focus away from current concerns and damaging self-talk and leads us to spend time outside or with others. A．Do certain foods boost happiness? B．Does a happy person also have better health? C．Meanwhile, happiness is related with a longer life. D．However, there’s no doubt that a strong connection exists. E．The exercise we do and the diseases we face all play a role. F．There are various theories for why health may lead to happiness. G．These chemicals are responsible for the feeling of a “runner’s high”. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“健康和幸福之间的关系”这一主题展开，探讨了健康和幸福之间的密切联系。 1．根据上文“It’s believed that health and happiness are two basics that make up a good life. And the two turn out to be more closely related than we might think. The question of whether one causes the other or if the two are correlated is difficult to figure out.(人们相信健康和幸福是构成美好生活的两个基本要素。事实证明，这两者的关系比我们想象的要密切得多。究竟是其中一个导致了另一个，还是两者相互关联，这个问题很难弄清楚。)”可知，上文提及健康和幸福之间关系的复杂性。选项D“However, there’s no doubt that a strong connection exists.(然而，毫无疑问，两者之间存在着很强的联系。)”明确指出了健康和幸福之间存在紧密联系，为后文提供了基调。故选D。 2．根据空前内容“It’s difficult to distinguish the relationship between health and happiness.(很难区分健康和快乐之间的关系。)”可知，健康和幸福之间的关系很难区分。选项B“Does a happy person also have better health?(一个幸福的人也有更好的健康吗？)”与空后的“Does dealing with a chronic(慢性的)illness consistently worsen mood?(慢性疾病会持续恶化情绪吗？)”共同提出了一个关于幸福和健康之间关系的疑问，即幸福的人是否也有更好的健康。故选B。 3．根据上文内容“Happiness is associated with a series of physical health benefits, such as lower blood pressure, reduced risk of heart disease, a stronger immune(免疫的) system, and even a longer life. Positive emotions are also linked to good health in older adults and a reduced risk of injury in young adults.(幸福与一系列身体健康益处有关，比如降低血压，降低患心脏病的风险，增强免疫系统，甚至延长寿命。积极情绪还与老年人的健康状况和年轻人受伤风险的降低有关。)”可知，上文提到的是幸福带来的好处。选项C“Meanwhile, happiness is related with a longer life.(同时，幸福与长寿有关。)”延续上文内容，指的仍是幸福的好处。故选C。 4．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Some research suggests that when people take better care of themselves, they come to feel happier. Some research suggests that people who are healthier just have a more positive attitude to life and the world. Still another research suggests that an essential factor such as genetics or personality contributes to both.(一些研究表明，当人们更好地照顾自己时，他们会感到更幸福。一些研究表明，更健康的人对生活和世界的态度更积极。还有一项研究表明，基因或性格等基本因素对两者都有影响。)”可知，下文讲述的是关于幸福和健康之间联系的不同研究结果。选项F“There are various theories for why health may lead to happiness.(关于为什么健康会带来幸福，有各种各样的理论。)”明确指出了后文将要探讨的内容，即健康导致幸福的不同理论。故选F。 5．根据空前内容“Exercise stimulates the body to produce certain chemicals such as hormones(荷尔蒙).(运动刺激身体产生某些化学物质，如荷尔蒙。)”可知，上文提到运动会让身体产生一些化学物质。选项G“These chemicals are responsible for the feeling of a ‘runner’s high’(这些化学物质是产生“跑步者兴奋感”的原因。)”自然延续上文内容，提出这些化学物质是产生“跑步者兴奋感”的原因。故选G。 13（23-24高二下·山东烟台·期末） Have you ever sat in front of a blank canvas (画布), just out of ideas and feeling completely uninspired? 1 The good news is that as an artist you can develop that ability. The best way is to have as many experiences as possible. The more experiences you have, the more ideas will flow to your artwork. 2 If you want to draw birds, you must watch how they move, discuss them with knowledgeable professionals and view other artists’ works of the same subject. It’ll boost your creativity towards what you wish to paint. Making notes of your thoughts and reactions can also be a useful tool. Some artists feel content simply by drawing their reactions and emotions, but others find more understanding in their experiences by recording things to later process. 3 Join an art community and reach out to those like-minded. 4 Surrounding yourself with fellow art lovers will push you to explore diverse areas of the art world. Remember such experiences are fuel for creativity. 5 You just need to know how to develop that creativity intentionally. It’s a skill that takes attention, but once cultivated, it can enable you to create more impressive works of art. A．Creativity doesn’t always come naturally. B．Plus, you need to investigate the experiences. C．New ideas can give a whole fresh meaning to life. D．Ask them how they exercise and enhance creativity. E．Learning how to be more creative in art couldn’t be easier. F．Carry a journal around and take down what catches your eye. G．We have the false, impression that artists are simply born with talents. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．F 4．D 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家如何通过丰富体验、记录感悟、加入社群来激发和培养创造力的方法。 1．上文“Have you ever sat in front of a blank canvas (画布), just out of ideas and feeling completely uninspired? (你是否曾经坐在一张空白的画布前，只是出于想法，感觉完全没有灵感？)”说明艺术家有时会遇到创作瓶颈，感到没有灵感。空处承上启下，回应了上文的缺乏灵感，又引出了下文关于可以培养创造力的观点。A项“创造力并不总是自然而然的。”符合语境。故选A。 2．上文“The best way is to have as many experiences as possible. The more experiences you have, the more ideas will flow to your artwork. (最好的办法是尽可能多地积累经验。你拥有的经验越多，你的艺术作品就会有越多的想法。)”说明经验对于艺术创作的重要性。空处顺接前文，进一步阐述如何从这些经验中获得灵感。B项中的experiences是上文该词的复现，说明B项“此外，你需要调查这些经历。”符合语境。故选B。 3．上文“Making notes of your thoughts and reactions can also be a useful tool. Some artists feel content simply by drawing their reactions and emotions, but others find more understanding in their experiences by recording things to later process. (记下你的想法和反应也是一个有用的工具。一些艺术家仅仅通过描绘他们的反应和情感就感到满足，但另一些艺术家通过记录事物到后来的过程中，在他们的经历中找到了更多的理解。)”说明需要记录下自己的想法和反应。空处需要衔接上文，提出记录这些过程的方法。F项中的“take down what catches your eye”和上文中的“Making notes of your thoughts and reactions”相呼应，说明F项“需要随身携带一本日记，记下吸引你眼球的内容。”符合语境。故选F。 4．上文“Join an art community and reach out to those like-minded. (加入一个艺术社区，接触那些志同道合的人。)”说明鼓励艺术家加入艺术社区，与志同道合的人交流。空处需要提出一个与这一建议相关的行动步骤。D项中的them指代前文中的“those like-minded”，说明D项“问他们如何锻炼和提高创造力。”符合语境。故选D。 5．下文“You just need to know how to develop that creativity intentionally. It’s a skill that takes attention, but once cultivated, it can enable you to create more impressive works of art. (你只需要知道如何有意识地培养这种创造力。这是一种需要注意的技能，但一旦培养，它可以让你创造出更令人印象深刻的艺术作品。)”说明艺术家的创造力是可以通过各种方法来培养的。因此空处需要总结这些观点，并强调创造力是一个可以有意培养的技能。E项“学习如何在艺术上更有创造力再容易不过了。”符合语境。故选E。 14.（23-24高二下·山东淄博·期末） Stop Trying to Keep Up With the Joneses It is so easy to get caught up in,a never-ending circle of comparing yourself to others and yet this seldom is beneficial. You may have heard the expression, “ 1 ” To me, this rings true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and feel joy at the same time. 2 Typically, comparison leads to regarding others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. “I amp not as successful, capable and attractive as they are.” “Why don’t I have what they have?” We use comparison as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an inadequate loser.” 3 We often tell ourselves we are acceptable only if we meet certain standards, and we evaluate how we measure up by looking at others. The tendency is to conclude that we are not measuring up, particularly if we have a low sense of self-worth. 4 We don’t just ask ourselves, “What’s wrong with me?” We worry what others will think: “What’s wrong with them?” The fear of rejection creates uneasiness and anxiety. Comparison could be deceptive. 5 This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting. To stop comparing ourselves to others, we have to recognize that the comparison game is unwinnable and exhausting and stop playing. A．This blocks self-acceptance. B．Comparison is the thief of joy. C．Values are a solution to comparison. D．This can solidify your sense of self-acceptance. E．Comparison robs us of joy and fuels self-criticism. F．It tells us meeting expectations will make us happier. G．And we worry others will judge our assumed failures. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．F 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了与人比较的弊端，呼吁人们停止这种行为。 1．根据上文“You may have heard the expression (你可能听过这样一句话)”以及下文“To me, this rings true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and feel joy at the same time.(对我来说，这句话非常贴切，因为我发现很难在比较自己和他人的时候同时感到快乐)”可知，此处应填入一句与比较和快乐相关的表达，B选项“Comparison is the thief of joy. (比较是快乐的小偷)”符合语境，故选B项。 2．根据下文“Typically, comparison leads to regarding others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. (通常，比较会导致你在某种程度上认为他人比你优越，从而感到自己不够好或低人一等)”可知，此段在阐述比较会带来的负面情绪，E选项“Comparison robs us of joy and fuels self-criticism. (比较剥夺了我们的快乐，助长了自我批评)”能够很好地概括该段内容，符合语境。故选E项。 3．根据上文“We use comparison as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an inadequate loser.”(我们用比较作为自我批评的途径，“我有什么问题？我一定是个不够格的失败者。”)”可知，这种自我批判阻碍了自我接受，A 选项“This blocks self-acceptance. (这阻碍了自我接受)”承接上文，符合逻辑，故选A项。 4．根据下文“We don’t just ask ourselves, “What’s wrong with me?” We worry what others will think: “What’s wrong with them?”(我们不仅仅问自己：“我有什么问题？”我们还担心他人的看法：“他们有什么问题？”)”可知，此处强调我们除了担心自己，还担心他人对我们假定的失败的看法，G选项“And we worry others will judge our assumed failures. (我们还担心他人会评判我们假设的失败)”引出下文内容，衔接恰当，故选G项。 5．根据上文“Comparison could be deceptive. (比较可能会产生误导)”以及下文“This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. (这可能暂时是真的，然而，比较是一种基于我们的思维和自我意识的内在过程，而不是外在环境)”可知，此处应说明比较具有欺骗性的原因，F选项“It tells us meeting expectations will make us happier. (这告诉我们满足期望会让我们更快乐)”符合上下文语境，故选F项。 15.（22-23高二下·山东青岛·期末） Many animal populations seem to be decreasing sharply. 1 It is America’s native wood stork (木鹳). The wood stork is the only stork that breeds in North America. In 1984, it was declared an endangered species after its population dropped to just 5,000 mating pairs. At the time, scientists predicted that the bird would be completely wiped out by 2000. 2 The Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing a delisting (移除) of the wood stork as an endangered species. So how did the population bounce back? 3 The wood stork’s native home was in the Everglades in Florida, but it migrated north as the Everglades were being destroyed by development. In 1987, former Savannah Coastal Refuges biologist John Robinette noticed stork nests in Georgia, as stork populations moved to safer wetlands. According to Stephanie Kurose, a senior policy specialist at the Centre for Biological Diversity, the Endangered Species Act is also to thank for this recovery. She said, “The act saved the wood stork. 4 It has improved water quality and benefited countless other species who call the area home.” The Endangered Species Act has saved 99 per cent of the species that were on the list since 1973. A hundred types of plants and animals have been delisted as their populations become stable again. If the wood stork is delisted, it will remain protected by other laws. 5 A．Today, it numbers 10, 000 mating pairs. B．However, one species is moving in the opposite direction. C．The success is in part down to the flexibility of the wood stork. D．It helped preserve and rebuild vital habitats throughout the southeast. E．The birds have adapted to new nesting areas and enlarged their colonies. F．It serves as an indicator species for restoration of the Everglades ecosystem. G．A monitoring plan will be put in place to ensure the population remains stable. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述木鹳数量增长，从濒危物种名单中除名，并介绍了木鹳数量增长的原因。 1．上文“Many animal populations seem to be decreasing sharply. (许多动物的数量似乎正在急剧减少。)”提到，许多动物的数量似乎正在急剧减少，结合空后“It is America’s native wood stork (木鹳). (它是美国本土的木鹳。)”和第二段末句“So how did the population bounce back? (那么数量是如何反弹的呢？)”可知，木鹳反其道而行之，数量不降反增，B项“然而，有一个物种正朝着相反的方向移动。”符合语境，故选B。 2．上文“At the time, scientists predicted that the bird would be completely wiped out by 2000. (当时，科学家预测这种鸟将在2000年完全灭绝。)”提到科学家曾预测木鹳将在2000年完全灭绝，结合下文“The Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing a delisting (移除) of the wood stork as an endangered species. So how did the population bounce back? (美国鱼类和野生动物管理局正提议将林鹳从濒危物种名单中移除。那么数量是如何反弹的呢？)”可知，木鹳数量增加，从濒危物种名单中移除，A项“今天，它有1万对配偶。”符合语境，故选A。 3．上一段末“So how did the population bounce back?(那么数量是如何反弹的呢？)”提出问题：木鹳数量是如何增长的？根据本段内容“The wood stork’s native home was in the Everglades in Florida, but it migrated north as the Everglades were being destroyed by development. In 1987, former Savannah Coastal Refuges biologist John Robinette noticed stork nests in Georgia, as stork populations moved to safer wetlands. (木鹳的故乡在佛罗里达州的大沼泽地，但随着大沼泽地被开发破坏，它们向北迁移。1987年，前萨凡纳海岸保护区生物学家John Robinette注意到佐治亚州的鹳巢，因为鹳群搬到了更安全的湿地。)”可知，本段是作出回答，鹳群因迁移搬到了更安全的湿地，数量才得以增加，C项“这一成功在一定程度上要归功于木鹳的灵活性。”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据上文“The act saved the wood stork. (这一法案救了木鹳。)”和下文“It has improved water quality and benefited countless other species who call the area home. (它改善了水质，并使无数以该地区为家的其他物种受益。)”可知，此处是讲述《濒危物种法》对木鹳的积极影响，D项“它帮助保护和重建了整个东南部的重要栖息地”符合语境，故选D。 5．上文“If the wood stork is delisted, it will remain protected by other laws. (如果木鹳被移除，它将继续受到其他法律的保护。)”提到，如果木鹳被移除，它将继续受到其他法律的保护，G项“一项监测计划将到位，以确保种群数量保持稳定。”承接上文，具体说明其他法律对木鹳的保护，故选G。 16.（22-23高二下·山东东营·期末） The Post-holiday Blues The holiday season—from Thanksgiving until New Year’s Day—can be a joyful and relaxing time for many people, but once the festivities wind down, sadness and loneliness can creep in. 1 After an exciting event like the holidays, there is often a feeling of disappointment or let-down. Looking ahead to something like the holidays can feel exciting. 2 There can almost be a sense of emotional withdrawal from the holiday cheer. 3 The post-holiday blues refer to the short-term feelings that individuals experience after the upcoming winter months. The holidays offer most people a time to focus their energy on the task of decorating, baking, planning, and gift giving. After the holidays are over, people may feel lost or empty without having a goal-driven activity to help them to focus. 4 The more you talk about this with friends and family, the more you’ll find that you are not alone in the experience of post-holiday blues. What can cause the Post-Holiday Blues? The reasons for the post-holiday blues can vary from person to person. Some people may have trouble with the holidays themselves—the grand expectations, reminders of lost or estranged loved ones, financial burdens. 5 But when the holiday events end, so does the mood boost. Besides, the change of seasons, reduced daylight, decreased physical activity levels, and increased isolation can all contribute to the post-holiday blues. If any feelings of post-holiday blues begin impacting your daily functioning, like making it hard to get out of bed, go to work or school, leave the house, spend time with others, or accomplish small tasks. Besides, it may be worth checking in with a healthcare provider. A．What are the post-holiday blues? B．Some people may dislike holidays. C．It’s an idea known as the post-holiday blues. D．What can we do to deal with the post-holiday blues? E．It is important to recognize that this phenomenon is not uncommon. F．But when the event has passed, the loss of that excitement can feel bad. G．Others may receive a boost of happiness after spending time with friends and family. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．A 4．E 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了节后忧郁的概念，形成的原因以及解决方案。 1．上文“The holiday season—from Thanksgiving until New Year’s Day—can be a joyful and relaxing time for many people, but once the festivities wind down, sadness and loneliness can creep in.(从感恩节到元旦，这个节日对许多人来说是一个快乐和放松的时刻，但一旦庆祝活动结束，悲伤和孤独就会悄然而至)”以及下文“After an exciting event like the holidays, there is often a feeling of disappointment or let-down.(在像假期这样激动人心的活动之后，人们往往会感到失望或情绪低落)”说明，假期之后，人们往往会感到失望。空出承上启下，C项中的“an idea known as the post-holiday blues”说明前文中的“一旦庆祝活动结束后感到悲伤和孤独”的概念，同样承接下文的“假期后，人们会有失望或情绪低落的感觉”，做本段的主旨句。C项“这是一个被称为节后忧郁的想法”符合语境。故选C。 2．上文“Looking ahead to something like the holidays can feel exciting.(展望像假期这样的事情会让人感到兴奋)”以及“There can almost be a sense of emotional withdrawal from the holiday cheer.(从节日的欢呼声中几乎可以感觉到一种情绪上的退缩)”可知，假期结束后兴奋的情绪就会退去。空处呈上启下，D项中的the event和前文中的“the holidays”相呼应，“the loss of that excitement can feel bad”和下文中的“a sense of emotional withdrawal from the holiday cheer”相呼应，说明当假期过去后，失去那种兴奋感会让人感觉很糟糕。故选F。 3．下文“The post-holiday blues refers to the short-term feelings that individuals experience after the upcoming winter months. (节后忧郁是指个人在即将到来的冬季月份后所经历的短期情绪)”说明了“节后忧郁”的概念。由此可知空处询问了什么是“节后忧郁”。A项“节后忧郁是什么？”符合语境。故选A。 4．下文“The more you talk about this with friends and family, the more you’ll find that you are not alone in the experience of post-holiday blues.(你和朋友和家人谈论得越多，你就会发现你并不是唯一一个经历过节后忧郁的人)”说明很多的人都会经历“节后忧郁”。D项中的“this phenomenon is not uncommon”和下文中的“you are not alone in the experience of post-holiday blues”相呼应，说明“节后忧郁”非常的普遍。故选E。 5．上文“Some people may have trouble with the holidays themselves—the grand expectations, reminders of lost or estranged loved ones, financial burdens. (有些人可能会对假期本身感到困扰——巨大的期望、对失去或疏远的亲人的提醒、经济负担)”说明有些人会对假期本身感到困惑。空处和前文并列说明另外一些人的情况。some people...others...表“一些人...，另外一些人....”。G项“其他人在与朋友和家人共度时光后，可能会得到幸福感的提升。”符合语境。故选G。 17（22-23高二下·山东德州·期末） Whether someone makes you angry, you’re upset with yourself, or you’re just having a bad day, one of the best ways to direct your angry energy is through exercise. That angry energy can build inside of you. 1 If you’re looking to direct your anger through exercise, there are exercises suitable for it. Running is a very effective technique to calm anxieties. The focus it takes to run and the endorphins your body releases will take your mind off whatever is frustrating you. Be sure to adequately warm up and stretch before you run! 2 You can enhance the benefits by running in an area that is free of distractions like around a lake or through a peaceful part of the city. A challenging yoga practice is a great way to control your anger to help you get through it. You may be so frustrated that getting started in a yoga practice may seem impossible. 3 You can focus on directing your angry energy into each of the movements. It may also help you to have the support of the group to help you get involved. 4 Conditioning classes are a great opportunity to focus your angry energy into hitting a heavy punching bag while also burning a lot of calories. These classes are often challenging, so you can use your anger to help you get through the difficulty of the workout. Focus on your breathing, your technique, and harnessing your anger to deliver strong punches. Cycling is a serious cardiovascular (心血管的) workout and you can use your anger to help you push through the difficulty of it. When you go for a ride outdoors, the extra focus it takes to navigate the outside world can provide a helpful distraction from your frustration. 5 A．It’s advisable to find a scenic route. B．Be sure to obey traffic laws and wear a helmet. C．Boxing is a great way to relieve your frustration. D．Joining a class can help take the thinking out of it. E．Watch out for any moving cars while you’re running. F．Breathe deeply while practicing yoga and your anger will fade. G．Working it out is an effective way to channel your rage into movement. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。锻炼可以控制愤怒，文章提供了一些适合内心愤怒的人群的锻炼方式和建议。 1．根据上文“That angry energy can build inside of you. (这种愤怒的能量会在你体内积聚。)”，下文“If you’re looking to direct your anger through exercise, there are exercises suitable for it. (如果你想通过锻炼来控制你的愤怒，这里有一些适合你的锻炼。)”因为各种原因，愤怒会积聚在内心，锻炼可以控制愤怒，G项“Working it out is an effective way to channel your rage into movement. (锻炼是将你的愤怒转化为行动的有效方法。)”，句中的it指代上文的That angry energy，Working it out与direct your anger through exercise相呼应，G项承上启下，下文引出具体的锻炼方面的建议，上下文衔接连贯。故选G项。 2．根据上文“Be sure to adequately warm up and stretch before you run! (跑步前一定要做好充分的热身和伸展运动!)”，下文“You can enhance the benefits by running in an area that is free of distractions like around a lake or through a peaceful part of the city. (你可以在一个没有干扰的地方跑步，比如在湖边或城市的一个安静的地方跑步。)”可知，本段的建议与“跑步”有关；A项“It’s advisable to find a scenic route. (最好找一条风景优美的路线。)”，A项顺接上文，跑前不但要有热身、伸展运动，还要设定路线，下文解释了设定这样的路线的益处，上下文衔接连贯。故选A项。 3．根据上文“A challenging yoga practice is a great way to control your anger to help you get through it. You may be so frustrated that getting started in a yoga practice may seem impossible. (一个具有挑战性的瑜伽练习是一个很好的方法来控制你的愤怒，帮助你克服愤怒。你可能会感到沮丧，以至于开始练习瑜伽似乎是不可能的。)”可知，沮丧的情绪会导致不能开始练习瑜伽；下文“You can focus on directing your angry energy into each of the movements. It may also help you to have the support of the group to help you get involved. (你可以专注于将愤怒的能量引导到每一个动作中。它也可以帮助你得到小组的支持，帮助你参与进来。)”可知，瑜伽能引导体内的愤怒在瑜伽动作中释放，且在小组中练瑜伽可以得到同伴的帮助；D项“Joining a class can help take the thinking out of it. (参加学习班可以帮助你不再思考它。)”，句中的it指代上文的沮丧情绪，下文解释了参加小组瑜伽的好处，上下文话题一致，衔接连贯。故选D项。 4．根据下文“Conditioning classes are a great opportunity to focus your angry energy into hitting a heavy punching bag while also burning a lot of calories. These classes are often challenging, so you can use your anger to help you get through the difficulty of the workout. (健身课是一个很好的机会，让你把愤怒的精力集中在击打沉重的沙袋上，同时燃烧大量的卡路里。)”可知，健身课中使用到沙袋，C项“Boxing is a great way to relieve your frustration. (拳击是缓解沮丧情绪的好方法。)”下文解释了拳击可以缓解沮丧情绪，C项为本段的主旨句，语意连贯，话题一致。故选C项。 5．根据上文“When you go for a ride outdoors, the extra focus it takes to navigate the outside world can provide a helpful distraction from your frustration. (当你在户外骑行时， 骑行在外面的世界中需要额外的注意力，这可以帮助你从沮丧中转移注意力。)”可知，本段的建议与“骑自行车”有关，B项“Be sure to obey traffic laws and wear a helmet. (一定要遵守交通法规，戴上头盔。)”，骑车要戴头盔，注意安全，B项顺接上文，骑车能从沮丧中转移注意力，也要注意骑车的安全问题，上下文衔接连贯。故选B项。 18（22-23高二下·山东威海·期末） It can feel good to be right, but when we find new information that makes us feel good about something we already believe, how can we be sure we aren’t just engaging in confirmation bias (确认偏误)? Confirmation bias is our tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs. 1 These ways are aimed at supporting, rather than challenging, pre-existing beliefs. This is especially true for information about things that feel very important to us. People usually don’t engage in confirmation bias on purpose. But research has found that it is real. 2 For example, if an actor you support was caught in a scandal (丑闻), you might be more likely to believe explanations that make him look less guilty. 3 So what can we do to avoid confirmation bias? One thing we can do is to try to look for strong evidence that actually contradicts (相矛盾) our beliefs. This can help us check if we only believe certain things instead of considering other possibilities. 4 Even if we don’t agree with them, we might learn why someone thinks the way they do. It can help us understand that there may be other ways to see the same issue. 5 The thing we most want to believe might not be true. We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it’s very important to us. But that’s often easier said than done. A．And it influences people’s judgment. B．Unfortunately, it can be very difficult to spot. C．We tend to ignore information that contradicts it. D．It can also be helpful to talk to people who don’t share our beliefs. E．Most importantly, we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions. F．It also describes our attempt to find ways of explaining unclear information. G．Meanwhile, people who dislike him would probably believe what makes him look worse. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了确认偏误的存在和影响，并提供了一些方法来避免确认偏误。 1．根据上文“Confirmation bias is our tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs.(确认偏误是我们倾向于寻找证实我们现有信念的信息。)”可知，我们倾向于寻找支持自己现有信念的信息，结合下文“These ways are aimed at supporting, rather than challenging, pre-existing beliefs.(这些方式旨在支持而不是挑战预先存在的信念。)”可知，空处应与These ways有关，F项“It also describes our attempt to find ways of explaining unclear information.(它还描述了我们试图找到解释不明确信息的方法。)”中的ways与下文中“These ways”呼应，上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。 2．根据上文“People usually don’t engage in confirmation bias on purpose. But research has found that it is real.(人们通常不会故意进行确认偏误。但研究发现它是真实的。)”可知人们不会故意进行确认偏误，但是还是会发生，如果发生确认偏误，就会影响人们的判断，与A项“And it influences people’s judgment.(它会影响人们的判断。)”上下文一致，故选A项。 3．根据上文“For example, if an actor you support was caught in a scandal (丑闻), you might be more likely to believe explanations that make him look less guilty.(例如，如果你支持的演员陷入丑闻，你可能更有可能相信让他看起来不那么内疚的解释。)”可知，个人喜好影响下确认偏误更容易发生，人们更倾向于寻找支持自己现有信念的信息，与G项“Meanwhile, people who dislike him would probably believe what makes him look worse.(与此同时，不喜欢他的人可能会相信是什么让他看起来更糟。)”上下文一致，G项中的him与上文中的him为前后呼应，故选G项。 4．根据上文“One thing we can do is to try to look for strong evidence that actually contradicts (相矛盾) our beliefs. This can help us check if we only believe certain things instead of considering other possibilities. (我们可以做的一件事是尝试寻找与我们的信念相矛盾的有力证据。这可以帮助我们检查我们是否只相信某些事情，而不是考虑其他可能性。)”可知本段主要讲述避免确认偏误的方法，寻找与自己信念相矛盾的强有力证据，与D项“It can also be helpful to talk to people who don’t share our beliefs.(与那些与我们信仰不符的人交谈也会有所帮助。)”上下文一致，其中的“talk to people”与下文“Even if we don’t agree with them, we might learn why someone thinks the way they do.(即使我们不同意他们的观点，我们也可能会知道为什么有人会这样想。)”中的don’t agree with them前后呼应，为避免确认偏误的方法之一，符合文意，故选D项。 5．根据下文“We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it’s very important to us.(在决定我们对某事的感受之前，我们应该尝试了解更多，即使它对我们来说非常重要。)”可知，作者建议避免过早的下结论，与E项“Most importantly, we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions.(最重要的是，我们必须小心不要妄下结论。)”上下文一致，E项中的“conclusions”与下文中“deciding how we feel about something”为前后呼应，符合文意，故选E项。 19.（22-23高二下·山东聊城·期末） The fear of making the wrong decision, or decidophobia (选择恐惧症), can influence people even when it comes to the smallest choices, such as what to have for lunch. 1 Below are several tips to overcome it and help you progress in life. Try the Decision-Making Quadrant (象限) A good tool for decision-making is the Decision-Making Quadrant. In relation to the decision to be made, list answers to these four questions: What happens if X happens? What won’t happen if X happens? What happens if X doesn’t happen? What won’t happen if X doesn’t happen? 2 Reduce the number of decisions If making decisions is a weakness, it’s important to admit that and reduce decision-making in as many areas as possible. Eat set meals. Wear standard outfits. 3 Do everything else you can to reduce decisions. Then, consider practicing making decisions with someone who is more decisive. Take it one step at a time Change can be hard. Not everyone likes to be different from routine by making decisions, big or small. When making a decision, look at it as a learning experience. 4 Don’t be afraid of the result. Look forward to it. See things from a different perspective When decision paralysis (决策瘫痪) has taken over and “what ifs” are holding you down, sometimes you need to step outside of yourself for a different perspective. 5 Ask yourself, “What would he or she do?” and let it be your guide. A．Think about someone you trust and respect. B．Develop a morning, work, and evening routine. C．Create an action list with decision deadlines and stick to it. D．Your decision will almost always be found in your answers. E．Every choice you make teaches you something. F．It can keep you stuck in place when you should be moving forward. G．If decision-making is difficult for you, first take a look at potential choices and results. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种方法能够帮助人们克服选择恐惧症。 1．根据空前内容“The fear of making the wrong decision, or decidophobia (选择恐惧症), can influence people even when it comes to the smallest choices, such as what to have for lunch. (对做出错误决定的恐惧，或“选择恐惧症”，甚至会影响到人们在最小的选择上，比如午餐吃什么。)”可知，上文主要介绍了选择恐惧症的危害。选项F“It can keep you stuck in place when you should be moving forward. (当你应该前进的时候，它会让你停滞不前。)”延续上文内容，指的都是选择恐惧症的危害。故选F。 2．根据上文内容“In relation to the decision to be made, list answers to these four questions: What happens if X happens? What won’t happen if X happens? What happens if X doesn’t happen? What won’t happen if X doesn’t happen? (关于要做的决定，列出以下四个问题的答案：如果X发生了会发生什么？如果X发生，什么不会发生？如果X不发生会怎样？如果X不发生，什么不会发生？)”可知，在做出决定前，我们可以问问自己这四个问题。选项D“Your decision will almost always be found in your answers. (你的决定几乎总是在你的答案中找到。)”指的是当你回答了四个问题之后，你就可以做出正确的决定。故选D。 3．根据空前内容“If making decisions is a weakness, it’s important to admit that and reduce decision-making in as many areas as possible. Eat set meals. Wear standard outfits. (如果做决定是一个弱点，那么承认这一点并在尽可能多的领域减少决策是很重要的。吃固定餐。穿标准的服装。)”可知，上文建议减少需要做出决定的可能性。选项B“Develop a morning, work, and evening routine. (养成早上、上班和晚上的固定做法。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是形成惯例，减少做出决定。故选B。 4．根据空前“When making a decision, look at it as a learning experience. (做决定的时候，把它看作是一次学习的经历。)”可知，作者认为每一次做决定都是一次学习的经历。选项E“Every choice you make teaches you something. (你所做的每一个选择都会教会你一些东西。)”是上文内容的延续，与上文内容一致，指的都是每做一次决定都可以从中学习一些东西。故选E。 5．根据空后“Ask yourself, “What would he or she do?” and let it be your guide. (问自己：“他或她会怎么做？”让它成为你的向导。)”可知，作者建议当自己难以做出决定的时候，可以问问自己，“他或她”会怎样做，并让内心的答案成为自己的向导。所以这个所谓的“他或他”应该是自己所崇拜的人。选项A“Think about someone you trust and respect. (想想你信任和尊重的人。)”中的“someone”与下文的“he or she”一致。故选A。 20.（22-23高二下·山东济南·期末） Looking for a rewarding volunteering activity? Get outdoors and glean (拾落穗)! Picking fresh, healthy produce that is donated to food banks is a win-win activity. 1 Gleaning is not a new concept. In 18th-century England, there was a law that provided unharvested crops should be given away to the poor. These days, there is a lot of produce that sits in the fields after harvest. 2 They will usually plant too much or will leave the produce that looks imperfect. Unfortunately, much of this produce would go unused in the field. Gleaning offers farm-fresh, healthy food for people concerned about food security. That is where gleaners come in. Gleaning addresses farm waste and food poverty by providing free healthy food straight from farm to table. And today, with a cost of living crisis, there are more hungry people. 3 In 2017, there were five gleaning groups in the UK, while today there are 25. Holly, head of the Cornwall Gleaning Group, said that her volunteers send around 300 boxes a week to food banks and community kitchens in her area. 4 “Any time I go gleaning, I am lifted up. For the volunteers, it’s so good for mental health, getting outside and doing something practical that’s good for the planet,” Holly said. 5 To make this happen, more groups need to be established with farmers and more people need to volunteer their time to help. This form of helping may soon become common. It is rewarding for volunteers who harvest in the fields and it also offers fresh and nutritious food to those who need it the most. A．They find the work very delightful. B．Luckily, interest in gleaning is growing. C．Hopes are that awareness will continue to grow. D．And it is also gaining popularity across the globe. E．To assist the hungry people, more crops will be grown. F．This is due to overproduction on the part of the farmers. G．From farm to table, gleaning is often a worthless experience. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是拾落穗这个志愿者活动。 1．空前说“Get outdoors and glean (拾落穗)! Picking fresh, healthy produce that is donated to food banks is a win-win activity.(到户外去拾落穗！挑选新鲜、健康的农产品捐赠给食品银行是一项双赢的活动。)”，空格应该继续对这项活动进行说明或评论，D选项“And it is also gaining popularity across the globe.(而且它在全球范围内也越来越受欢迎。)”中的it指的就是空前所说的“Picking fresh, healthy produce”，且说明了它受欢迎的程度，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 2．空前说“These days, there is a lot of produce that sits in the fields after harvest.(如今，收获后的田地里有很多农产品。)”，空格处应该解释为什么会这样，空后说“They will usually plant too much or will leave the produce that looks imperfect.(他们通常会种植太多，或者留下看起来不完美的产品。)”说明造成收获后的田地里有很多农产品的原因是农民种太多了，F选项“This is due to overproduction on the part of the farmers.(这是由于农民生产过剩造成的。)”说明空前所说的情况是因为农民生产过剩，其中“overproduction”和空后的“plant too much”相一致，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 3．空后说“In 2017, there were five gleaning groups in the UK, while today there are 25.(2017年，英国有5个拾落穗组织，而今天有25个。)”，这说明人们对拾落穗的兴趣在增加，B选项“Luckily, interest in gleaning is growing.(幸运的是，人们对拾落穗的兴趣正在增长。)”说明了人们对拾落穗的兴趣在增加，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选B。 4．空后说“Any time I go gleaning, I am lifted up. For the volunteers, it’s so good for mental health, getting outside and doing something practical that’s good for the planet(每次我去拾落穗，我都很高兴。对于志愿者来说，这对心理健康很有好处，出去做一些对地球有益的实际事情)”，这说明参加拾落穗的人觉得这个活动可以让他们很高兴，A选项“They find the work very delightful.(他们觉得这份工作很令人愉快。)”说明参加拾落穗的人很高兴，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选A。 5．空后说“To make this happen, more groups need to be established with farmers and more people need to volunteer their time to help.(为了实现这一目标，需要与农民建立更多的团体，需要更多的人自愿献出时间来提供帮助。)”，空格处应该提到某个目标，需要更多的人自愿献出时间来提供帮助，这说明目标是增加人们拾落穗的意识，C选项“Hopes are that awareness will continue to grow.(希望人们的意识会继续增长。)”表明了使人们的意识继续增长这一目标，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。 19 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$