Module 3 Unit 2 知识点总结与练习 2024-2025学年外研版(2012)八年级英语下册

2025-05-14
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语外研版(2012)八年级下册
年级 八年级
章节   Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet.
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2025-05-14
更新时间 2025-05-14
作者 匿名
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审核时间 2025-05-14
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Module 3-Unit 2 知识点总结与练习 外研版英语八年级下册 一、重点词汇 (一)基础词汇 1. universe n. 宇宙(the universe 宇宙) 1. galaxy n. 星系(the Milky Way 银河系) 1. solar system n. 太阳系(solar 太阳的) 1. planet n. 行星(如 Earth, Mars) 1. star n. 恒星;星星(可数名词) 1. spaceship n. 宇宙飞船(近义词 spacecraft) 1. astronaut n. 宇航员(同义词 spaceman) 1. mission n. 任务;使命(短语 space mission 太空任务) 1. search v. & n. 搜索;寻找(短语 search for 寻找) 1. communicate v. 交流;沟通(短语 communicate with 与……交流) 1. signal n. 信号(短语 radio signal 无线电信号) 1. receive v. 接收;收到(反义词 send 发送) 1. secret n. & adj. 秘密;秘密的(短语 keep a secret 保密) 1. alone adj. & adv. 独自的/地(反义词 together) 1. double adj. & v. 两倍的;加倍(短语 double star 双星) 1. possible adj. 可能的(反义词 impossible,副词 possibly) 1. prove v. 证明(名词 proof) 1. alien n. & adj. 外星人;外星的(短语 alien life 外星生命) 1. group n. 群;组(短语 a group of 一群) 1. latest adj. 最新的(短语 latest research 最新研究) (二)拓展词汇 1. universe(名词)→ universal(形容词,普遍的)→ universally(副词,普遍地) 1. communicate(动词)→ communication(名词,交流)→ communicative(形容词,爱交流的) 1. possible(形容词)→ impossible(形容词,不可能的)→ possibly(副词,可能地) 1. search(动词/名词)→ searcher(名词,搜索者)→ searching(形容词,探索的) 1. receive(动词)→ receiver(名词,接收者)→ receipt(名词,收据) 二、短语归纳 1. 1. in the universe 在宇宙中 1. the Milky Way 银河系 1. solar system 太阳系 1. space mission 太空任务 1. search for 寻找;搜索 1. communicate with 与……交流 1. radio signal 无线电信号 1. space station 太空站 1. 外星生命 alien life 1. a group of 一群;一组 1. so far 到目前为止(现在完成时标志词) 1. millions of 数百万的 1. at the moment 此刻;目前 1. far away 遥远的 1. close to 靠近;接近 1. in order to 为了(后接动词原形) 1. latest news 最新消息 1. keep a secret 保密 1. double star 双星 1. space technology 太空技术 三、词义辨析 (一)too vs also vs either 区别 too also either 用法 肯定句末(前加逗号) 肯定句中(be动词后/实义动词前) 否定句末(前加逗号) 例句 Scientists have sent probes to Mars, too.(科学家也向火星发射了探测器。) We also believe there is alien life.(我们也相信有外星生命。) No one has landed on Mars yet, either.(也没人登陆过火星。) (二)in vs on vs at(空间介词) 区别 in(大地点/内部) on(表面/具体某天) at(小地点/具体点) 例句 There are billions of stars in the galaxy.(星系中有数十亿颗恒星。) The spaceship landed on the moon.(宇宙飞船登陆月球。) We will meet at the space center.(我们将在太空中心见面。) (三)find vs find out 区别 find(找到具体事物) find out(查明真相/信息) 例句 Astronauts found water on the moon.(宇航员在月球上发现水。) Scientists are trying to find out alien signals.(科学家试图查明外星信号。) 四、重点句型 1. 现在完成时否定句 We have not found life on any other planets yet.(我们尚未在任何其他行星上发现生命。) Scientists haven’t received any radio signals from aliens so far.(科学家到目前为止未收到任何外星无线电信号。) 1. Although引导的让步状语从句 Although we have sent many probes, we still know little about deep space.(尽管我们发射了许多探测器,对深空仍知之甚少。) 1. It has taken...to do sth. 句型 It has taken scientists years to prove the existence of black holes.(科学家花费数年证明黑洞的存在。) 1. 表达可能性 It’s possible that there is life on planets like Mars.(像火星这样的行星可能存在生命。) 五、语法聚焦 (一)现在完成时(否定形式) 结构:主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词 + yet. 标志词:yet(句末), so far, up to now, never 例句: The spaceship hasn’t landed on Mars yet.(宇宙飞船尚未登陆火星。) I haven’t seen any alien movies recently.(我最近没看任何外星电影。) (二)for vs since(时间状语) 区别 for(接时间段) since(接时间点/从句) 例句 Astronauts have lived in the space station for six months.(宇航员在太空站生活了六个月。) They have studied space science since they were children.(他们从小就学习太空科学。) (三)不定代词 none 的用法 含义:三者或以上“没有一个”,可指人/物,后接of短语。 主谓一致: 接可数名词复数时,谓语动词可用单数或复数。 接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。 例:None of the planets has/have water.(没有行星有水。) None of the information is useful.(没有信息有用。) 练习题 (一)词汇填空(根据首字母或汉语提示写单词) 1. The u______ includes billions of galaxies and stars. 1. Scientists are trying to s______ for life on Mars. 1. We can c______ with astronauts through radio signals. 1. The s______ system includes the Sun and eight planets. 1. It’s p______ that we will visit other galaxies in the future. (二)用所给词的适当形式填空 1. So far, we ______ (not find) any alien life in the universe. 1. The ______ (communicate) between planets is difficult because of the distance. 1. ______ (scientist) have sent many probes to explore the solar system. 1. It’s ______ (possible) to live on the Sun because it’s too hot. 1. None of the ______ (star) near the Earth can support life. (三)单项选择(10题) 1. —Has the probe reached Mars? —No, it ______ there yet. A. hasn’t arrived B. didn’t arrive C. doesn’t arrive D. won’t arrive 1. Scientists have searched ______ alien signals for many years. A. for B. at C. in D. on 1. Although the universe is huge, ______ we can explore it step by step. A. but B. and C. / D. so 1. None of the students ______ seen the real spaceship before. A. has B. have C. is D. are 1. It has taken them two years ______ the model of the solar system. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 1. —Can you speak English? —Yes, and I can speak Chinese ______. A. also B. too C. either D. neither 1. The spaceship will land ______ the moon in three days. A. in B. on C. at D. for 1. We haven’t received any signals from aliens ______ now. A. so far B. at the moment C. just now D. in the future 1. It’s impossible ______ life to exist on a star like the Sun. A. for B. of C. to D. with 1. The latest research shows that there are ______ of stars in the galaxy. A. million B. millions C. a million D. two millions (四)句型转换 1. We have found water on Mars.(改为否定句) We ______ ______ water on Mars. 1. Scientists have studied the universe for decades.(对划线部分提问) ______ ______ have scientists studied the universe? 1. Although it’s difficult, we can try.(改为同义句) It’s difficult, ______ we can try. 1. None of the planets has life.(改为复数句) None of the ______ ______ life. 1. The spaceship arrived at the space station yesterday.(用现在完成时改写) The spaceship ______ ______ at the space station since yesterday. (五)阅读理解 Scientists have been searching for alien life for many years. They send probes to other planets and listen for radio signals. So far, no clear evidence of alien life has been found, but the search continues. The Mars rovers have found water on Mars, which is a key condition for life. However, Mars is very cold and dry, making it hard for life to exist. The Milky Way has billions of stars, and some may have planets similar to Earth. Many people believe that alien life exists somewhere in the universe. Whether we will find it one day remains a secret, but space missions like China’s Tianwen-1 keep inspiring us to explore. 1. What have scientists searched for? A. New stars. B. Alien life. C. Space stations. D. Radio stations. 1. What is a key condition for life mentioned in the passage? A. Water. B. Sunlight. C. Air. D. Soil. 1. Why is Mars not suitable for life? A. It’s too hot. B. It’s too cold and dry. C. It has no stars. D. It’s too close to the Sun. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The difficulty of space travel. B. The search for alien life. C. The importance of Mars rovers. D. The secrets of the Milky Way. (六)书面表达 假设你是大明,你的英国朋友Tom想了解人类对太空的探索。请你写一封邮件,内容包括: 1. 人类已发射探测器到火星、月球; 1. 目前尚未发现外星生命,但找到水等条件; 1. 你对未来太空探索的期待。 提示重点短语: · space probes · key condition for life · search for alien life · look forward to 要求:60-80词,格式正确,语言通顺。 答案及解析 (一)词汇填空 1. 【答案】universe 【解析】“宇宙包括数十亿星系和恒星”,填universe。 1. 【答案】search 【解析】“试图寻找火星生命”,search for固定短语,填search。 1. 【答案】communicate 【解析】“与宇航员交流”,can后接动词原形communicate。 1. 【答案】solar 【解析】“太阳系”,solar system固定短语,填solar。 1. 【答案】possible 【解析】“未来可能访问其他星系”,it’s possible that...句型,填possible。 (二)用所给词的适当形式填空 1. 【答案】haven’t found 【解析】so far提示现在完成时,主语we用haven’t found。 1. 【答案】communication 【解析】定冠词the后接名词communication(交流)。 1. 【答案】Scientists 【解析】谓语动词have提示主语为复数,填Scientists(首字母大写)。 1. 【答案】impossible 【解析】“太阳上不可能有生命”,填impossible(反义词)。 1. 【答案】stars 【解析】none of后接可数名词复数,star的复数stars。 (三)单项选择 1. 【答案】A 【解析】yet提示现在完成时否定句,用hasn’t arrived,故选A。 1. 【答案】A 【解析】search for(寻找)固定搭配,故选A。 1. 【答案】C 【解析】although不与but连用,句中不填,故选C。 1. 【答案】B 【解析】none of + 复数名词,谓语动词可用复数have,故选B。 1. 【答案】B 【解析】It takes sb. time to do sth. 固定结构,填to make,故选B。 1. 【答案】B 【解析】肯定句末“也”用too,故选B。 1. 【答案】B 【解析】land on(登陆)固定搭配,故选B。 1. 【答案】A 【解析】“到目前为止”用so far,与现在完成时连用,故选A。 1. 【答案】A 【解析】It’s impossible for sb. to do sth. 固定句型,故选A。 1. 【答案】B 【解析】millions of(数百万的)固定短语,故选B。 (四)句型转换 1. 【答案】haven’t found 【解析】现在完成时否定,have后加not,填haven’t found。 1. 【答案】How long 【解析】对for decades提问用How long(多久)。 1. 【答案】but 【解析】although与but不连用,原句转折用but连接,填but。 1. 【答案】planets have 【解析】单数planet改复数planets,谓语动词用have,填planets have。 1. 【答案】has arrived 【解析】现在完成时,主语spaceship单数用has arrived,since yesterday提示持续。 (五)阅读理解 1. 【答案】B 【解析】第一段“searching for alien life”,故选B。 1. 【答案】A 【解析】第二段“found water on Mars, which is a key condition”,故选A。 1. 【答案】B 【解析】第二段“Mars is very cold and dry”,故选B。 1. 【答案】B 【解析】文章围绕寻找外星生命展开,主旨为B。 (六)书面表达(略) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Module 3 Unit 2 知识点总结与练习   2024-2025学年外研版(2012)八年级英语下册
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Module 3 Unit 2 知识点总结与练习   2024-2025学年外研版(2012)八年级英语下册
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Module 3 Unit 2 知识点总结与练习   2024-2025学年外研版(2012)八年级英语下册
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