精品解析：江苏省前黄高级中学2024-2025学年高三下学期第一次阶段检测英语试题

江苏省前黄中学2025届高三年级下学期阶段检测 英语试卷 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What color is Amy’s hair? A. Blonde. B. Black. C. Brown. 2．What is the man’s ethnic group? A. Miao. B. Han. C. Tujia. 3．Why is Jennifer going to the town? A. She wants to visit someone. B. She has something to show there. C. She is curious about its festival. 4．How does Henry find the book? A. Interesting. B. Useful. C. Challenging. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An Olympic sports event. B. An Olympic champion. C. The origin of Olympic Games. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6．What might help the woman most in speaking English? A. Social clubs. B. Foreign bars. C. Language exchange centers. 7．What is probably the man? A. A tour guide. B. A businessman. C. A teacher. 听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8．Why is Jason unable to volunteer for the organization now? A. For his inexperience. B. For his young age. C. For his busy schoolwork. 9．What area is the woman working on? A. Transportation. B. Social media. C. Marketing. 听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10．When were the speakers supposed to meet? A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 4:30 pm. C. At 4:00 pm. 11．What did the man do to help the driver? A. He called the police. B. He stopped the driver’s car. C. He took the driver to the hospital. 12．Where does the conversation take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At the woman’s home. C. At a restaurant. 听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13．How old was Natalic when she took the picture? A. In her early 10s. B. In her early 30s. C. In her early 40s. 14．Where does Natalie live now? A. In Jerusalem. B. In Washington D．C． C. In New York City. 15．What caused Natalie to quit her career in modeling? A. Suggestions from her first agent. B. Preference for the acting profession. C. Pressure from her parents. 16．Which movie came out in 1995? A. Léon. B. Heat. C. Mars Attacks. 听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17．Where did the race end? A. In Italy. B. In the US. C. In France. 18．What achievement did Offshore Team Germany make? A. Winning the VO65 class. B. Winning the IMOCA class race. C. Winning second place of the VO65 class. 19．What was life like on the boat? A. Phone calls were not allowed. B. No fresh food was served. C. People couldn’t get enough sleep. 20．Why was data collected? A. To provide information for the next race. B. To help the teams perform better. C. To help scientists do research. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A Are you interested in how marine (海洋的) ecosystems work? Do you want to know more about marine animals? Bowling Green State University (BGSU) has one of the few camps in the Midwest where high school students can explore life at sea! Camp Dates: June 8-13、2025 What kinds of activities do campers get to do? ·Field trips to locations around Northwest Ohio to examine marine life and environments ·Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures ·Design and run an experiment in our research lab ·Behind-the-scenes trip to the Toledo Zoo to learn about marine animals ·Meet professionals to learn what it means to be a marine scientist What does the cost cover? The BGSU Marine Biology camp will offer both residential and non-residential options. The cost of the non-residential program is $850, with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission. Application Requirements ·Letter of recommendation ·Complete the online form ·Complete responses to short-answer questions Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application. Application Deadlines ·March 2, 2025 — To be considered for early admission. Applicants will be informed by March 14. ·April 25. 2025 — General Application Deadline. Note: All spaces may fill after selection from the early admission deadline. 1. What does the camp offer? A. Sample gathering practice. B. Field trips to nature museums. C. Research lab membership. D. Lectures on marine knowledge. 2. What is the early admission cost for the residential option? A. $400. B. $765. C. $1,125. D. $1,250. 3. Which of the following will result in an applicant’s disqualification? A. Forgetting to confirm admission. B. Providing responses given by others. C. Missing the early application deadline. D. Failing to recommend other applicants. B I was recently on a crowded flight home from California, and holiday travel was busy and chaotic. I counted three different occasions of children having emotional breakdowns — one at the security check point and two on the plane. I couldn’t help but notice people in line commenting, “Can’t that mom get a handle on her child?” “That kid needs some discipline!”... These people seemed to suggest that these awful holiday travel circumstances should somehow be tackled with grace and ease. To her credit, the mother of the toddler (学步儿童) in the security line kept her cool despite the sweat on her brow and her reddened face. As a mom who was constantly peppered with comments from well-intentioned friends who thought they were in possession of the recipe for perfect parenthood, I was all too familiar with her situation. I might have been one of those judgmental folks before having my own children. Today I’m much more understanding. Raising children is hard, and every child and family situation is extremely unique. The reality of our hustle-culture and the lack of resources prohibits many people from being the kind of parents they would really like to be. Judgment certainly isn’t helpful, only causing a feeling of shame. As is echoed in the article Reimaging Shame, Author Jan Bonhoeffer states, “Left unexamined, shame can cloud our self-view, leaving us convinced that our worth is conditional. It whispers lies: ‘You’ll never be good enough.’ And when shame continues, it can lead to self abandonment.” The role of motherhood is both complex and challenging, so any attack on a mother will get her loaded with shame, and shame is disempowering. The last thing women need is more disempowerment. Whoever coined the phrase, “Everyone you meet is facing an invisible battle. Be kind,” was accurate. The least we can do is suspend our tendency to judge one another, replace it with a mindset of compassion, and resolve to do a better job empowering the other women in our lives through intentional action or advocacy. 4. What can be inferred from paragraph 1? A It’s easy to be an armchair critic. B. Bystanders see most of the game. C. There is no life without discipline. D. Criticism is a cornerstone to growth. 5. How does the author find her friends’ comments? A. Constructive. B. Informative. C. Misleading. D. Unworkable. 6. What does Jan Bonhoeffer stress in the article? A. The true worth of self-views. B. The core concept of shame. C. The potential impact of shame. D. The complex role of motherhood. 7. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph? A. Being non-judgmental toward mothers. B. Maintaining a positive mindset at work. C. Empowering moms with multiple skills. D. Acting swiftly to resolve hidden conflicts. C During World War II, mathematician Alan Turing gathered a team of logic experts to decode enemy messages, a key step toward victory. If there was one branch of mathematics which could be said they were using systematically, it was symbolic logic. However, the curriculum designs that methodically develop students’ symbolic logic abilities are relatively rare. Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. Symbolic logic turns this kind of argument into algebra (代数学), readily shared, solved and generalized for solving mysteries. For careers such as electrical engineering and computer science, the value of symbolic logic is undeniable. The fundamental building blocks of modern digital computers are circuits representing “AND” and “OR”, which are common in symbolic logic. Almost every computer program contains similar “if-then-else” logical conditions. Professional programmers must routinely write and troubleshoot such statements. But symbolic logic is not solely limited to technical fields. Rutgers University mathematician Gray Wenger argues that teaching responsible citizenship requires providing students with mathematical reasoning skills. For example, consider a debate over a study finding that most adults without high-school certificates earn less. A responsible citizen must think through the implications along the lines of the book-theft case example above. No certificate likely means lower income, but low income doesn’t mean no certificate. Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasonings sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens. In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The most effective strategy for this lies in preventive education — teaching people to recognize faulty reasoning at its source. Consider, for instance, some global-warming doubters use one day of cold weather as proof that global warming is a hoax (骗局). But a logical thinker can quickly spot that weather is short-term, while climate is long-term change. Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning. Symbolic logic is essential for intellectual development. By integrating symbolic logic into educational frameworks, we equip future generations with the intellectual tools to navigate complex challenges. Training for it must be included in the curriculum and cannot be left to chance. 8. According to the passage, symbolic logic can play a primary role when ________. A. a chef is creating a new recipe by combining different materials B. a doctor is identifying one’s illness by using signs and test findings C. a student is deciding which club to join based on personal interests D. a journalist is writing a feature article by interviewing local people 9. The phrase “second nature” in Paragraph 4 implies that symbolic logic training helps citizens to ________. A. follow social rules without questioning B. perform logical reasoning automatically C. prioritize rationality over emotions in daily life D. memorize common argument patterns mechanically 10. From the passage, we learn that symbolic logic ________. A. tells the difference between separate incidents B. is mainly applied in solving mathematical puzzles C. questions the basic principles of modern computers D. enables people to detect and challenge false arguments 11. The author may agree that current symbolic logic education is ________. A. manageable and will improve naturally B. acceptable if alternative courses are available C. unsatisfying for the lack of symbolic logic courses D. problematic and ignores logical reasoning practice D In the risky world of nuclear arms control, Princeton student Lepowsky is exploring how robots can make inspections more accurate and acceptable to host nations worried about invasive (侵入的) traditional methods. His latest research has led to a robot performing inspections without saving sensitive information. “The host nation likely won’t want a human inspector poking their nose around,” said Lepowsky. “But even a robot has memory and sensors acquiring data.” The goal is to have high-confidence inspections without the robot saving information. For example, the robot would not save radiation measurements or create floor plans of sensitive areas. The new prototype (样机) is built on an iRobot Create 3 platform, an educational robot. Robots offer advantages over human inspectors:they can tolerate higher radiation levels, are more consistent, and can be cheaper. They also can be programmed to generate trust, such as not using cameras to avoid seeing unwanted details. The idea for the robot started with Lepowsky’s adviser, Glaser, who was curious about creating a “forgetful robot” that could perform highly accurate nuclear arms inspections but forget everything afterward. This led to an even more interesting idea: “Rather than forgetting, we’re not even remembering in the first place,” Lepowsky said. He believes this feature can reassure hosts concerned about privacy. Lepowsky likes the interdisciplinary nature of his work — drawing on both his robotics and policy expertise — and he likes that it requires a breadth of knowledge, not just depth. He values that his research is grounded in real-life applications for global security and nuclear nonproliferation (防扩散). Predicting when the robot might be used in the field is difficult. “It’s easy to say, today, it’s not very realistic, but you have to be ready for if and when it becomes possible,” said Lepowsky. Research into this problem is very active. Because arms control is changing, the specific objectives of future agreements are hard to predict. “But we can hope they will be positive, and we need to be ready, technically. “ 12. In which aspect is Lepowsky’s robot different from human inspectors? A. Data security. B. Memory capacity. C. Social acceptance. D. User friendliness. 13. What is said about the robot in paragraph 3? A Its accurate system. B. Its privacy risks. C. Its design mechanism. D. Its operational problems. 14. What does Lepowsky like about his work? A. Scientific research data. B. Real-time technical cooperation. C. In-depth theoretical studies. D. Integrated knowledge across fields. 15. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Princeton’s “Forgetful” Robots in Global Security B. No-Memory Robots:The Future of Nuclear Checks? C. Nuclear Arms Control:Robots or Human Inspectors? D. Lepowsky’s “Curious” Robots for Radiation Detection 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Each day, we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. ____16____ Since the early 1990s, psychologists have regarded intolerance for uncertainty (IU) as a character associated with different forms of anxiety and depression. IU doesn’t directly cause all of those conditions, but having a higher intolerance for uncertainty is a common experience that cuts across them. ____17____ It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. This can manifest in overplanning, repeated reassurance or information-seeking and avoiding anything new or unfamiliar. Some with high IU might make lists repeatedly or plan out conversations in their head. People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. ____18____ For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. ____19____ Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. ____20____ They can even accept and perhaps embrace uncertainty in day-to-day life. Life will always be full of unknowns. When facing the uncertain, people might feel discomfort, but there’s also a chance to try to feel curious and open. A. Analyze your need for certainty. B. Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. C. For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. D. High IU can also affect people’s physical health. E. People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. F. Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. G. Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites. Nowadays, it is launching a(n) ____21____ campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year. Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to ____22____ the city’s historic center will face ____23____ starting at 10 times the entrance fee. Officials have avoided calling it a tax, opting for ____24____ words like contribution, since it also aims to come up with more money to help better ____25____ the phenomenon. Visitors arriving at the main train and bus stations will first be met by stewards (乘务员) who will remind them of the new requirement and ____26____ anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码) . Payment places will be ____27____ for anyone without a smartphone. Anyone ____28____ beyond designated (指定的) control places without the required documentation will be ____29____ to fines. These will _____30_____ from 50 to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros. An exemption voucher (免除凭证) will be ____31____ to people who access the city for work, school or medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and _____32_____ of the region. Mayor Luigi Brugnaro hopes the program can reduce crowds on _____33_____ days, encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents. The advertising video, _____34_____ Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence, has become a _____35_____. 21. A. recycling B. advertising C. welcoming D. marketing 22. A. enter B. evaluate C. decorate D. promote 23. A. pays B. fines C. rewards D. compensations 24. A. harder B. plainer C. softer D. smarter 25. A. acknowledge B. interpret C. manage D. highlight 26. A. assist B. trace C. monitor D. identify 27. A. set up B. moved away C. torn down D. taken over 28. A. left B. sent C. thought D. found 29. A. ready B. forced C. applied D. subject 30. A. distinguish B. arise C. range D. differ 31. A. made B. issued C. printed D. collected 32. A. students B. workers C. stewards D. residents 33. A. clear B. peak C. gloomy D. ordinary 34. A. opposing B. catching C. anticipating D. featuring 35. A. hit B. kick C. strike D. beat 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A short video of a dog with narrowing eyes and tiny needles on its nose has recently gone viral on social media. The needles were acupuncture pins, and according to the pet physician in the video, the dog was receiving traditional treatment, the art of “magic needles”, ____36____ (help) with facial paralysis. This video has sparked ____37____ (curious) about the use of traditional Chinese medicine for pets like cats and dogs. ____38____ it may seem novel to some, traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM) is far from new. Hu Yusheng, a TCVM practitioner, diagnoses and treats about 40 pets every Sunday. “Most pet owners who come here ____39____ (try) all other options, and their beloved pets are often referred to him from other hospitals with a critical illness notice, ” he said. Recently, one of Hu’s patients was a dog ____40____ (suffer) from gallstones. To manage the symptoms, the owner, Sun Jie, ____41____ (choose) TCVM over Western medicine. After a year of acupuncture and herbal treatments, scans showed that the dog’s gallstones had ____42____ (significant)become smaller. TCVM takes an overall approach to wellness and disease treatment. ____43____ TCM it uses four evaluation methods — inspection, listening, and smelling, inquiry and pulse-taking — to identify conditions and develop ____44____ (tailor) treatments. “These treatments are in great demand for pets which is exactly ____45____ TCVM offers, ” said Fan Kai, an associate professor at the College of Veterinary Medicine at China Agricultural University. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 学校英语俱乐部计划在“世界读书日”举行英文演讲比赛，主题是“实体书店是否会消失?”请你写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括： 1.你的看法； 2.你的理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Will Physical Bookstores Disappear? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Cheemi was a poor orphan living in Pune. Nobody knew where she had come from. Yet everyone accepted the frail little girl and named her Cheemi — the little sparrow. She helped people by doing odd jobs for them such as fetching vegetables from the corner shop or looking after babies when their mothers went shopping. Everybody in the neighbourhood liked Cheemi, except Kelly. Kelly was the richest woman there. Cheemi, in her eyes, was dirty and inferior to her. Therefore, she would not allow Cheemi into her big house. The house was almost like a mansion with big wooden carved doors and huge halls. Surprisingly, the windows of the rooms decorated with beads and curtains were very small. Kelly lived with her son, her daughter-in-law Gina and her little grandson, Carl. Carl was a great favourite with the girls. Gina was a very nice, educated lady and didn’t mind Carl being carried by others. Kelly, however, never allowed Cheemi to touch Carl. How Cheemi wished she could play with him! That year, Panshet Dam collapsed and the waters of the Mutha river, near Pune, had entered the city. The water rose fast. There was confusion everywhere. Police vans were trying to help. When water entered their house, Kelly and Gina were on the ground floor. Within seconds the water rose. The police persuaded Kelly and Gina to climb to the top floor. In the hurry and confusion, they forgot that Carl was sleeping on the first floor! The staircases were flooded. It was impossible to get to the bedroom on the first floor. The door to the room was closed but not bolted(闩上). Any moment the water could rush in. The women panicked. “Carl!” they cried. “What will happen to our Carl?” Suddenly the police discovered that one of the bedroom windows was open, but it was too small for an adult to crawl in. Only a child could. But no one was willing to let their children take the risk. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Out of nowhere, Cheemi appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Loud cheers greeted Cheemi, a daring and selfless girl. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省前黄中学2025届高三年级下学期阶段检测 英语试卷 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What color is Amy’s hair? A. Blonde. B. Black. C. Brown. 2．What is the man’s ethnic group? A. Miao. B. Han. C. Tujia. 3．Why is Jennifer going to the town? A. She wants to visit someone. B. She has something to show there. C. She is curious about its festival. 4．How does Henry find the book? A. Interesting. B. Useful. C. Challenging. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An Olympic sports event. B. An Olympic champion. C. The origin of Olympic Games. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6．What might help the woman most in speaking English? A. Social clubs. B. Foreign bars. C. Language exchange centers. 7．What is probably the man? A. A tour guide. B. A businessman. C. A teacher. 听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8．Why is Jason unable to volunteer for the organization now? A. For his inexperience. B. For his young age. C. For his busy schoolwork. 9．What area is the woman working on? A. Transportation. B. Social media. C. Marketing. 听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10．When were the speakers supposed to meet? A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 4:30 pm. C. At 4:00 pm. 11．What did the man do to help the driver? A. He called the police. B. He stopped the driver’s car. C. He took the driver to the hospital. 12．Where does the conversation take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At the woman’s home. C. At a restaurant. 听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13．How old was Natalic when she took the picture? A. In her early 10s. B. In her early 30s. C. In her early 40s. 14．Where does Natalie live now? A. In Jerusalem. B. In Washington D．C． C. In New York City. 15．What caused Natalie to quit her career in modeling? A. Suggestions from her first agent. B. Preference for the acting profession. C. Pressure from her parents. 16．Which movie came out in 1995? A. Léon. B. Heat. C. Mars Attacks. 听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17．Where did the race end? A. In Italy. B. In the US. C. In France. 18．What achievement did Offshore Team Germany make? A. Winning the VO65 class. B. Winning the IMOCA class race. C. Winning second place of the VO65 class. 19．What was life like on the boat? A. Phone calls were not allowed. B. No fresh food was served. C. People couldn’t get enough sleep. 20．Why was data collected? A. To provide information for the next race. B. To help the teams perform better. C. To help scientists do research. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A Are you interested in how marine (海洋的) ecosystems work? Do you want to know more about marine animals? Bowling Green State University (BGSU) has one of the few camps in the Midwest where high school students can explore life at sea! Camp Dates: June 8-13、2025 What kinds of activities do campers get to do? ·Field trips to locations around Northwest Ohio to examine marine life and environments ·Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures ·Design and run an experiment in our research lab ·Behind-the-scenes trip to the Toledo Zoo to learn about marine animals ·Meet professionals to learn what it means to be a marine scientist What does the cost cover? The BGSU Marine Biology camp will offer both residential and non-residential options. The cost of the non-residential program is $850 with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission. Application Requirements ·Letter of recommendation ·Complete the online form ·Complete responses to short-answer questions Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application. Application Deadlines ·March 2, 2025 — To be considered for early admission. Applicants will be informed by March 14. ·April 25. 2025 — General Application Deadline. Note: All spaces may fill after selection from the early admission deadline. 1. What does the camp offer? A. Sample gathering practice. B. Field trips to nature museums. C. Research lab membership. D. Lectures on marine knowledge. 2. What is the early admission cost for the residential option? A. $400. B. $765. C. $1,125. D. $1,250. 3. Which of the following will result in an applicant’s disqualification? A. Forgetting to confirm admission. B. Providing responses given by others. C. Missing the early application deadline. D. Failing to recommend other applicants. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了鲍林格林州立大学的夏令营，高中生可以在那里探索海上生活。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What kinds of activities do campers get to do?(营员们可以参加哪些活动？)”部分中“Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures(实践标本收集程序)”可知，该夏令营提供标本收集练习，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What does the cost cover?(费用包括什么？)”部分中“The cost of the non-residential program is $850, with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission.(非住宿项目的费用为850美元，住宿项目的额外费用为400美元。项目总费用包括食宿费、实验室和活动的所有材料以及实地考察的交通费。提前加入可享受九折优惠)”可知，住宿项目总费用为850+400=1250美元，提前加入可以享受九折优惠，即1250×90%=1125美元，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Application Requirements(申请要求)”部分中“Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application.(注：由申请人以外的人提供的问题的答案将取消申请资格)”可知，提供别人给出的答案会导致申请人被取消资格，故选B。 B I was recently on a crowded flight home from California, and holiday travel was busy and chaotic. I counted three different occasions of children having emotional breakdowns — one at the security check point and two on the plane. I couldn’t help but notice people in line commenting, “Can’t that mom get a handle on her child?” “That kid needs some discipline!”... These people seemed to suggest that these awful holiday travel circumstances should somehow be tackled with grace and ease. To her credit, the mother of the toddler (学步儿童) in the security line kept her cool despite the sweat on her brow and her reddened face. As a mom who was constantly peppered with comments from well-intentioned friends who thought they were in possession of the recipe for perfect parenthood, I was all too familiar with her situation. I might have been one of those judgmental folks before having my own children. Today I’m much more understanding. Raising children is hard, and every child and family situation is extremely unique. The reality of our hustle-culture and the lack of resources prohibits many people from being the kind of parents they would really like to be. Judgment certainly isn’t helpful, only causing a feeling of shame. As is echoed in the article Reimaging Shame, Author Jan Bonhoeffer states, “Left unexamined, shame can cloud our self-view, leaving us convinced that our worth is conditional. It whispers lies: ‘You’ll never be good enough.’ And when shame continues, it can lead to self abandonment.” The role of motherhood is both complex and challenging, so any attack on a mother will get her loaded with shame, and shame is disempowering. The last thing women need is more disempowerment. Whoever coined the phrase, “Everyone you meet is facing an invisible battle. Be kind,” was accurate. The least we can do is suspend our tendency to judge one another, replace it with a mindset of compassion, and resolve to do a better job empowering the other women in our lives through intentional action or advocacy. 4. What can be inferred from paragraph 1? A. It’s easy to be an armchair critic. B. Bystanders see most of the game. C. There is no life without discipline. D. Criticism is a cornerstone to growth. 5. How does the author find her friends’ comments? A. Constructive. B. Informative. C. Misleading. D. Unworkable. 6. What does Jan Bonhoeffer stress in the article? A. The true worth of self-views. B. The core concept of shame. C. The potential impact of shame. D. The complex role of motherhood. 7. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph? A. Being non-judgmental toward mothers. B. Maintaining a positive mindset at work. C. Empowering moms with multiple skills. D. Acting swiftly to resolve hidden conflicts. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了假日旅行中孩子崩溃引发旁人指责，作者指出养育孩子艰难，评判无益且有害，呼吁人们同情母亲，赋予女性力量。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“I counted three different occasions of children having emotional breakdowns — one at the security check point and two on the plane. I couldn’t help but notice people in line commenting, “Can’t that mom get a handle on her child?” “That kid needs some discipline!”... These people seemed to suggest that these awful holiday travel circumstances should somehow be tackled with grace and ease.(我数了三次孩子情绪崩溃的不同情况——一次是在安检点，两次是在飞机上。我忍不住注意到排队的人评论道：“那个妈妈不能照顾好她的孩子吗？”“那个孩子需要一些管教！”……这些人似乎建议，这些糟糕的假期旅行情况应该以某种方式优雅而轻松地解决)”可知，文中描述在拥挤航班上人们对带孩子母亲的评论，可推知，很多人只是站着说话不腰疼。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“As a mom who was constantly peppered with comments from well-intentioned friends who thought they were in possession of the recipe for perfect parenthood, I was all too familiar with her situation. (作为一个母亲，我经常受到那些自认为掌握了完美育儿秘诀的好心朋友的评论，我对她的情况再熟悉不过了)”以及第三段“Raising children is hard, and every child and family situation is extremely unique. The reality of our hustle-culture and the lack of resources prohibits many people from being the kind of parents they would really like to be.(养育孩子很难，每个孩子和家庭的情况都极其独特。我们忙碌的文化现实和资源的缺乏，让很多人无法成为他们真正想成为的那种父母)”可知，作者认为朋友们那些自认为正确的育儿建议在实际中往往是行不通的。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“As is echoed in the article Reimaging Shame, Author Jan Bonhoeffer states, “Left unexamined, shame can cloud our self-view, leaving us convinced that our worth is conditional. It whispers lies: ‘You’ll never be good enough.’ And when shame continues, it can lead to self abandonment.”  (正如《重新审视羞耻》一文所呼应的那样，作家Jan Bonhoeffer指出：“如果不加以审视，羞耻会蒙蔽我们的自我观，让我们相信我们的价值是有条件的。它悄悄说着谎言：‘你永远不够好。’当羞耻感持续时，它会导致自我放弃。”)”可知，Jan Bonhoeffer强调了羞耻感的潜在影响。故选C项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The least we can do is suspend our tendency to judge one another, replace it with a mindset of compassion, and resolve to do a better job empowering the other women in our lives through intentional action or advocacy. (我们至少可以做的是停止互相评判的倾向，用同情的心态取而代之，并决心通过有意的行动或倡导更好地赋予我们生活中的其他女性力量)”可知，作者建议人们不要对母亲们妄加评判。故选A项。 C During World War II, mathematician Alan Turing gathered a team of logic experts to decode enemy messages, a key step toward victory. If there was one branch of mathematics which could be said they were using systematically, it was symbolic logic. However, the curriculum designs that methodically develop students’ symbolic logic abilities are relatively rare. Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. Symbolic logic turns this kind of argument into algebra (代数学), readily shared, solved and generalized for solving mysteries. For careers such as electrical engineering and computer science, the value of symbolic logic is undeniable. The fundamental building blocks of modern digital computers are circuits representing “AND” and “OR”, which are common in symbolic logic. Almost every computer program contains similar “if-then-else” logical conditions. Professional programmers must routinely write and troubleshoot such statements. But symbolic logic is not solely limited to technical fields. Rutgers University mathematician Gray Wenger argues that teaching responsible citizenship requires providing students with mathematical reasoning skills. For example, consider a debate over a study finding that most adults without high-school certificates earn less. A responsible citizen must think through the implications along the lines of the book-theft case example above. No certificate likely means lower income, but low income doesn’t mean no certificate. Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasonings sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens. In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The most effective strategy for this lies in preventive education — teaching people to recognize faulty reasoning at its source. Consider, for instance, some global-warming doubters use one day of cold weather as proof that global warming is a hoax (骗局). But a logical thinker can quickly spot that weather is short-term, while climate is long-term change. Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning. Symbolic logic is essential for intellectual development. By integrating symbolic logic into educational frameworks, we equip future generations with the intellectual tools to navigate complex challenges. Training for it must be included in the curriculum and cannot be left to chance. 8. According to the passage, symbolic logic can play a primary role when ________. A. a chef is creating a new recipe by combining different materials B. a doctor is identifying one’s illness by using signs and test findings C. a student is deciding which club to join based on personal interests D. a journalist is writing a feature article by interviewing local people 9. The phrase “second nature” in Paragraph 4 implies that symbolic logic training helps citizens to ________. A. follow social rules without questioning B. perform logical reasoning automatically C. prioritize rationality over emotions in daily life D. memorize common argument patterns mechanically 10. From the passage, we learn that symbolic logic ________. A. tells the difference between separate incidents B. is mainly applied in solving mathematical puzzles C. questions the basic principles of modern computers D. enables people to detect and challenge false arguments 11. The author may agree that current symbolic logic education is ________. A. manageable and will improve naturally B. acceptable if alternative courses are available C. unsatisfying for the lack of symbolic logic courses D. problematic and ignores logical reasoning practice 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了符号逻辑的重要性及其在教育中的应用。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. (符号逻辑是一种数学形式，它让我们能够检查某些结论是否正确地基于一系列事实得出。以图书馆失窃案为例。如果嫌疑人在失窃当天不在图书馆，那么他们就不可能是小偷。如果在场，他们则有可能是，也有可能不是。在图书馆并不意味着他们偷了书。)”可知，符号逻辑是一种数学形式，它让我们能够检查某些结论是否正确地遵循了一组事实。因此，当医生根据症状和检查结果来诊断病情时，符号逻辑可以发挥主要作用，帮助医生根据事实推断出正确的结论。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasonings sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens. (对符号逻辑的训练能够让这类推理融入公民的认知过程，并使其成为他们的second nature。)”可知，这里指的是通过训练，这些推理过程变得自然而然，成为公民的一种自动能力。因此，second nature在此处意为“天性，自动的能力”，与perform logical reasoning automatically“自动进行逻辑推理”意思相符。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The most effective strategy for this lies in preventive education — teaching people to recognize faulty reasoning at its source. (此外，符号逻辑使个人能够通过区分个别事件和系统性证据来反驳虚假声明。最有效的策略在于预防性教育——教导人们从源头上识别错误的推理。)”可知，符号逻辑使人们能够检测和挑战错误的论点。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning. (有些人怀疑是否需要单独开设符号逻辑课程，认为其他课程也能起到同样的作用。例如，在写作课程中，学生学习如何发现不合逻辑的论证，三角学中也涵盖基本的证明。通过不使用任何符号来教授人们逻辑思维，也可以获得很多收获。但只有符号逻辑能确保逻辑的严密性。零敲碎打的方法是不够的；需要一整学期的课程来进行全面的学习。)”可知，作者可能同意当前的符号逻辑教育由于缺乏符号逻辑课程而不令人满意。故选C。 D In the risky world of nuclear arms control, Princeton student Lepowsky is exploring how robots can make inspections more accurate and acceptable to host nations worried about invasive (侵入的) traditional methods. His latest research has led to a robot performing inspections without saving sensitive information. “The host nation likely won’t want a human inspector poking their nose around,” said Lepowsky. “But even a robot has memory and sensors acquiring data.” The goal is to have high-confidence inspections without the robot saving information. For example, the robot would not save radiation measurements or create floor plans of sensitive areas. The new prototype (样机) is built on an iRobot Create 3 platform, an educational robot. Robots offer advantages over human inspectors:they can tolerate higher radiation levels, are more consistent, and can be cheaper. They also can be programmed to generate trust, such as not using cameras to avoid seeing unwanted details. The idea for the robot started with Lepowsky’s adviser, Glaser, who was curious about creating a “forgetful robot” that could perform highly accurate nuclear arms inspections but forget everything afterward. This led to an even more interesting idea: “Rather than forgetting, we’re not even remembering in the first place,” Lepowsky said. He believes this feature can reassure hosts concerned about privacy. Lepowsky likes the interdisciplinary nature of his work — drawing on both his robotics and policy expertise — and he likes that it requires a breadth of knowledge, not just depth. He values that his research is grounded in real-life applications for global security and nuclear nonproliferation (防扩散). Predicting when the robot might be used in the field is difficult. “It’s easy to say, today, it’s not very realistic, but you have to be ready for if and when it becomes possible,” said Lepowsky. Research into this problem is very active. Because arms control is changing, the specific objectives of future agreements are hard to predict. “But we can hope they will be positive, and we need to be ready, technically. “ 12. In which aspect is Lepowsky’s robot different from human inspectors? A. Data security. B. Memory capacity. C. Social acceptance. D. User friendliness. 13. What is said about the robot in paragraph 3? A. Its accurate system. B. Its privacy risks. C. Its design mechanism. D. Its operational problems. 14. What does Lepowsky like about his work? A. Scientific research data. B. Real-time technical cooperation. C. In-depth theoretical studies. D. Integrated knowledge across fields. 15. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Princeton’s “Forgetful” Robots in Global Security B. No-Memory Robots:The Future of Nuclear Checks? C. Nuclear Arms Control:Robots or Human Inspectors? D. Lepowsky’s “Curious” Robots for Radiation Detection 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普林斯顿大学的学生Lepowsky在核军备控制领域的研究，特别是他关于如何利用机器人进行更准确且为主办国所接受的核查工作的探索。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段““The host nation likely won’t want a human inspector poking their nose around,” said Lepowsky. “But even a robot has memory and sensors acquiring data.” The goal is to have high-confidence inspections without the robot saving information. For example, the robot would not save radiation measurements or create floor plans of sensitive areas.( Lepowsky说：“东道国很可能不希望人类核查员到处窥探。但即便是机器人也有会采集数据的内存和传感器。” 其目标是在机器人不保存信息的情况下进行高可信度的核查。例如，机器人不会保存辐射测量数据，也不会绘制敏感区域的平面图。)”可知，东道国不希望人类核查员到处窥探，而Lepowsky的机器人的目标是在不保存信息，如不保存辐射测量数据、不绘制敏感区域平面图的情况下进行核查。所以Lepowsky的机器人与人类核查员在数据安全方面不同。故选A。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。在文章第三段中，首先提到“The new prototype (样机) is built on an iRobot Create 3 platform, an educational robot.(这款新的样机是基于教育机器人iRobot Create 3平台制造的。)”说明了机器人的样机是基于一个教育机器人平台搭建的。接着阐述“Robots offer advantages over human inspectors: they can tolerate higher radiation levels, are more consistent, and can be cheaper. They also can be programmed to generate trust, such as not using cameras to avoid seeing unwanted details.(与人类核查员相比，机器人具有一些优势：它们能够承受更高的辐射水平，工作更加稳定一致，而且成本可能更低。它们还可以通过编程来赢得信任，比如不使用摄像头以避免拍摄到不必要的细节。)”介绍了机器人相较于人类核查员的优势，以及为了赢得信任所采用的编程方式，比如不使用摄像头。还提到“The idea for the robot started with Lepowsky’s adviser, Glaser, who was curious about creating a “forgetful robot” that could perform highly accurate nuclear arms inspections but forget everything afterward. This led to an even more interesting idea: “Rather than forgetting, we’re not even remembering in the first place,” Lepowsky said. He believes this feature can reassure hosts concerned about privacy.(关于这款机器人的想法最初来自Lepowsky的导师Glaser，他对制造一个能够进行高度精确的核武器核查、但事后会忘掉一切的“健忘机器人”很感兴趣。这引出了一个更有意思的想法：“我们不是让它事后忘掉，而是从一开始就不记录任何信息。” Lepowsky说。他认为这一特点可以让那些担心隐私问题的东道国放心。)” 讲述了机器人设计理念的起源以及最终确定的“从一开始就不记录信息”这一特色，这些都围绕着机器人的设计机制展开。所以关于第三段中提到的机器人，主要说的是它的设计机制。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Lepowsky likes the interdisciplinary nature of his work — drawing on both his robotics and policy expertise — and he likes that it requires a breadth of knowledge, not just depth. He values that his research is grounded in real-life applications for global security and nuclear nonproliferation(防扩散).( Lepowsky喜欢自己工作的跨学科性质——既利用了他在机器人技术方面的专业知识，也运用了他在政策方面的专长——而且他喜欢这份工作需要广泛的知识，而不仅仅是深度的专业知识。他很看重自己的研究是基于全球安全和核不扩散的现实应用。)”可知，Lepowsky喜欢他工作的跨学科性质，即他的工作需要同时运用到机器人技术和政策方面的专业知识，并且他喜欢这份工作需要广泛的知识，而不仅仅是深度的专业知识。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要围绕莱波夫斯基研发的不会保存敏感信息（即没有记忆）的机器人展开，介绍了该机器人在核武器核查领域的研发背景、优势、设计机制等。文中提到这种机器人能够在不保存信息的情况下进行高可信度的核查，解决了东道国对隐私的担忧，并且探讨了虽然目前难以预测其在实际领域的应用时间，但针对该问题的研究很活跃，未来可能在核核查中发挥作用。选项B“No-Memory Robots: The Future of Nuclear Checks?(无记忆机器人：核核查的未来？)”既突出了机器人“无记忆”的特点，又点明了其与核核查的关系，并且以疑问的形式引发读者思考，符合文章主旨。故选B。 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Each day, we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. ____16____ Since the early 1990s, psychologists have regarded intolerance for uncertainty (IU) as a character associated with different forms of anxiety and depression. IU doesn’t directly cause all of those conditions, but having a higher intolerance for uncertainty is a common experience that cuts across them. ____17____ It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. This can manifest in overplanning, repeated reassurance or information-seeking and avoiding anything new or unfamiliar. Some with high IU might make lists repeatedly or plan out conversations in their head. People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. ____18____ For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. ____19____ Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. ____20____ They can even accept and perhaps embrace uncertainty in day-to-day life. Life will always be full of unknowns. When facing the uncertain, people might feel discomfort, but there’s also a chance to try to feel curious and open. A. Analyze your need for certainty. B. Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. C. For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. D. High IU can also affect people’s physical health. E. People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. F. Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. G. Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们对不确定性的不耐受（IU）心理及其影响，以及一些应对不确定性、提高耐受力的建议。 【16题详解】 上文“Each day, we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. (每天，我们都会面临健康、他人对我们的看法或午餐吃什么汤等不确定因素。)”说明生活中充满了不确定性；G选项“Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others.(然而，有些人对这些未知的反应比别人更强烈。)”中的these unknowns指代上文提到的各种不确定性，并指出不同人对不确定性的反应程度不同，引出下文对不耐受不确定性（IU）的讨论，符合题意。故选G。 【17题详解】 下文“It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. (这会使他们感到压力、烦躁或焦虑，他们有动力不惜一切代价避免它，或控制自己的环境以尽可能减少不确定性。)”中的“them”指代E选项中的“People with high IU”，说明高IU人群对不确定性的反应；E选项“People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. (即使是轻微的不确定性，高IU人群也会感到困扰。)”指出了高IU人群对不确定性的敏感程度，符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 上文“People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. (高IU人群为了尽快解决不确定性，也会更冲动地对事件做出反应。)”说明高IU人群对不确定性的强烈反应；C选项“For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. (对他们来说，不确定性不仅仅是不愉快的——它是无法忍受的。)”进一步强调了高IU人群对不确定性的无法忍受，符合题意。故选C。 【19题详解】 上文“For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. (对于不会导致生活显著痛苦或混乱的轻微不确定性不适，人们可以每天一点一点地建立自己对不确定性的容忍度。)”说明人们可以逐渐建立对不确定性的容忍度；F选项“Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. (寻找机会在你的日常生活边缘安全地玩耍。)”中的play around the edges of your routines指的是尝试一些新的、不同于日常的事物，以此来逐渐适应和容忍不确定性，符合题意。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. (然后，在尝试了一些小的、不确定性的暴露之后，挑战自己去做其他新的事情——不是什么大事或可怕的事，只是不同的事情，一开始会让你感到不舒服。)”说明通过逐渐尝试新事物来建立对不确定性的容忍度；B选项“Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. (随着时间的推移，人们可以学会容忍不确定性。)”总结了前文的内容，指出通过不断尝试和挑战，人们可以逐渐学会容忍不确定性，符合题意。故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites. Nowadays, it is launching a(n) ____21____ campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year. Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to ____22____ the city’s historic center will face ____23____ starting at 10 times the entrance fee. Officials have avoided calling it a tax, opting for ____24____ words like contribution, since it also aims to come up with more money to help better ____25____ the phenomenon. Visitors arriving at the main train and bus stations will first be met by stewards (乘务员) who will remind them of the new requirement and ____26____ anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码) . Payment places will be ____27____ for anyone without a smartphone. Anyone ____28____ beyond designated (指定的) control places without the required documentation will be ____29____ to fines. These will _____30_____ from 50 to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros. An exemption voucher (免除凭证) will be ____31____ to people who access the city for work, school or medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and _____32_____ of the region. Mayor Luigi Brugnaro hopes the program can reduce crowds on _____33_____ days, encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents. The advertising video, _____34_____ Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence, has become a _____35_____. 21. A. recycling B. advertising C. welcoming D. marketing 22. A. enter B. evaluate C. decorate D. promote 23. A. pays B. fines C. rewards D. compensations 24. A. harder B. plainer C. softer D. smarter 25. A. acknowledge B. interpret C. manage D. highlight 26. A. assist B. trace C. monitor D. identify 27. A. set up B. moved away C. torn down D. taken over 28. A. left B. sent C. thought D. found 29. A. ready B. forced C. applied D. subject 30. A. distinguish B. arise C. range D. differ 31. A. made B. issued C. printed D. collected 32. A. students B. workers C. stewards D. residents 33. A. clear B. peak C. gloomy D. ordinary 34. A. opposing B. catching C. anticipating D. featuring 35. A. hit B. kick C. strike D. beat 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了威尼斯为缓解过度旅游压力，实施付费进入历史中心计划及相关管理措施。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，威尼斯正在发起一场宣传活动，向游客介绍去年宣布的一项试点计划。A. recycling回收利用的；B. advertising宣传的；C. welcoming欢迎的；D. marketing营销的。根据下文“campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year.”以及“The advertising video, ____14____ Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence, has become a ____15____ .”可知，此处指的是威尼斯发起一场宣传活动。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：前往运河城市威尼斯的一日游游客，如果没有支付5欧元进入该市历史中心的费用，将面临罚款，罚款金额至少是门票价格的10倍。A. enter进入；B. evaluate评估；C. decorate装饰；D. promote促进。根据上文“Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice”以及语境可知，此处指的是进入该市历史中心的游客。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：前往运河城市威尼斯的一日游游客，如果没有支付5欧元进入该市历史中心的费用，将面临罚款，罚款金额至少是门票价格的10倍。A. pays付款；B. fines罚金；C. rewards奖励；D. compensations补偿金。根据下文“Anyone ____8____ beyond designated (指定的) control places without the required documentation will be ____9____ to fines.”可知，此处指的是没有支付进入该市历史中心的费用，游客将面临罚款。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：官员们避免称其为税收，而是选择了更温和的词汇，如“贡献”，因为该计划还旨在筹集更多资金，以帮助更好地管理这一现象。A. harder更难的；B. plainer更简单的；C. softer更温和的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据上文“Officials have avoided calling it a tax”以及下文“words like contribution”可知，官员们避免称其为税收，而是选择了更温和的词汇。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：官员们避免称其为税收，而是选择了更温和的词汇，如“贡献”，因为该计划还旨在筹集更多资金，以帮助更好地管理这一现象。A. acknowledge承认；B. interpret解释；C. manage管理；D. highlight强调。根据上文“Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites.”和“Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to ____2____ the city’s historic center”以及下文“the phenomenon”可知，此处指的是管理威尼斯过度旅游这一现象。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：抵达主要火车站和汽车站的游客将首先遇到乘务员，他们会提醒他们新的要求，并帮助任何尚未下载二维码的人。A. assist帮助；B. trace追踪；C. monitor监控；D. identify识别。根据下文“anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码) .”以及常识可知，乘务员会帮助那些尚未下载二维码的人。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：将为没有智能手机的人设立支付点。A. set up设立；B. moved away搬走；C. torn down拆除；D. taken over接管。根据下文“for anyone without a smartphone”以及语境可知，此处指的是为没有智能手机的人设立支付点。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何在没有所需文件的情况下在指定控制区域外被发现的人将被处以罚款。A. left离开；B. sent发送；C. thought认为；D. found发现。根据下文“beyond designated (指定的) control places without the required documentation”可知，此处指的是在没有所需文件的情况下，在指定控制区域外被发现的人。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何在没有所需文件的情况下在指定控制区域外被发现的人将被处以罚款。A. ready准备好的；B. forced被迫的；C. applied应用的；D. subject可能遭受……的。根据下文“to fines”以及语境可知，此处指的是可能遭受罚款。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些罚款将从50欧元到300欧元不等，外加法律允许最高10欧元的门票费用。A. distinguish区分；B. arise出现；C. range范围；D. differ不同。根据下文“from 50 to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros.”可知，此处指的是罚款的范围。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因工作、上学或医疗原因进入该市的人，以及在威尼斯出生和该地区的居民将获得免除凭证。A. made制作；B. issued颁发；C. printed打印；D. collected收集。根据上文“An exemption voucher (免除凭证)”可知，此处指的是颁发免除凭证。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因工作、上学或医疗原因进入该市的人，以及在威尼斯出生和该地区的居民将获得免除凭证。A. students学生；B. workers工人；C. stewards乘务员；D. residents居民。根据上文“people born in Venice”以及下文“of the region”可知，此处指的是在威尼斯出生的和该地区的居民。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：市长Luigi Brugnaro希望该计划能减少高峰日的游客数量，鼓励更长时间的游览，并提高居民的生活质量。A. clear清晰的；B. peak高峰的；C. gloomy阴暗的；D. ordinary普通的。根据下文“encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents.”可知，此处指的是减少高峰日的游客数量。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这则广告视频以Brugnaro在人工智能的帮助下说多种语言为特色，已经成为热门。A. opposing反对；B. catching抓住；C. anticipating预期；D. featuring以……为特色。根据下文“Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence,”可知，此处指的是这则广告视频以Brugnaro在人工智能的帮助下说多种语言为特色。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这则广告视频以Brugnaro在人工智能的帮助下说多种语言为特色，已经成为热门。A. hit受欢迎的人或物；B. kick踢；C. strike罢工；D. beat击败。根据上文“The advertising video”以及语境可知，此处指的是这则广告视频已经成为热门。故选A。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A short video of a dog with narrowing eyes and tiny needles on its nose has recently gone viral on social media. The needles were acupuncture pins, and according to the pet physician in the video, the dog was receiving traditional treatment, the art of “magic needles”, ____36____ (help) with facial paralysis. This video has sparked ____37____ (curious) about the use of traditional Chinese medicine for pets like cats and dogs. ____38____ it may seem novel to some, traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM) is far from new. Hu Yusheng, a TCVM practitioner, diagnoses and treats about 40 pets every Sunday. “Most pet owners who come here ____39____ (try) all other options, and their beloved pets are often referred to him from other hospitals with a critical illness notice, ” he said. Recently, one of Hu’s patients was a dog ____40____ (suffer) from gallstones. To manage the symptoms, the owner, Sun Jie, ____41____ (choose) TCVM over Western medicine. After a year of acupuncture and herbal treatments, scans showed that the dog’s gallstones had ____42____ (significant)become smaller. TCVM takes an overall approach to wellness and disease treatment. ____43____ TCM, it uses four evaluation methods — inspection, listening, and smelling, inquiry and pulse-taking — to identify conditions and develop ____44____ (tailor) treatments. “These treatments are in great demand for pets which is exactly ____45____ TCVM offers, ” said Fan Kai, an associate professor at the College of Veterinary Medicine at China Agricultural University. 【答案】36. to help 37. curiosity 38. Though##Although##While 39. have tried 40. suffering 41. chose 42. significantly 43. Like 44. tailored 45. what 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了传统中医兽医学（TCVM）在宠物治疗中的应用，通过一则狗狗接受针灸治疗面瘫的视频引发关注，展现其疗效与独特评估方法 。 36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些针是针灸针，据视频中的宠物医生说，这只狗正在接受传统治疗，即“神奇针法”的艺术，以帮助治疗面瘫。后句已有谓语was receiving，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，结合语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式形式to help。故填to help。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：这段视频引发了人们对猫狗等宠物使用中医的好奇心。空处需填名词作sparked的宾语，curiosity为不可数名词，意为“好奇心”。故填curiosity。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然对一些人来说，这可能看起来很新奇，但传统中医兽医学（TCVM）远非新鲜事物。空处需填连词引导状语从句，结合语境可知，此处表示让步关系，应用though/although/while引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Though/Although/While。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：“大多数来这里的主人已经尝试了所有其他选择，他们心爱的宠物通常是从其他医院带着重病通知被转介到他这里的，”他说。空处需填谓语动词，结合语境可知，此处描述过去的动作对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，主语owners为复数，谓语动词用have tried。故填have tried。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，胡的一位病人是一只患有胆结石的狗。句中已有was，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词dog，dog和suffer为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式suffering，作后置定语。故填suffering。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：为了控制症状，主人孙杰选择了中医而不是西医。空处需填谓语动词，结合语境可知，此处描述是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填chose。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：经过一年的针灸和草药治疗后，扫描显示狗的胆结石已经明显变小。空处需填副词作状语，修饰动词become，significant的副词形式为significantly，意为“明显地”。故填significantly。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：与传统中医一样，它使用四种评估方法——望、闻、问、切——来识别病情并制定个性化治疗方案。空处需填介词，结合语境可知，此处表示“像……一样”，应用介词like，句首单词首字母大写。故填Like。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：与传统中医一样，它使用四种评估方法——望、闻、问、切——来识别病情并制定个性化治疗方案。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词treatments，tailor的形容词为tailored，意为“定制的，个性化的”。故填tailored。 【45题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：“这些治疗方法对宠物的需求很大，这正是传统中医兽医学所能提供的，”中国农业大学兽医学院副教授范开说。空处需填连接词引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 学校英语俱乐部计划在“世界读书日”举行英文演讲比赛，主题是“实体书店是否会消失?”请你写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括： 1.你的看法； 2.你的理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Will Physical Bookstores Disappear? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Will Physical Bookstores Disappear? In my opinion, physical bookstores will not disappear completely. Despite the rise of digital reading, there’s a unique charm in browsing through physical books, feeling their pages, and discovering unexpected gems. Moreover, bookstores often serve as cultural hubs, hosting events and fostering community engagement. They offer an experience that digital platforms can’t fully replicate, making them invaluable to readers and society alike. What can’t be ignored is that digital reading brings us physical as well as psychological damages especially to the young. How about making a tour to a nearby Physical Bookstore to free yourself from digital world this weekend? 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇演讲稿，要求考生就“实体书店是否会消失”这一主题发表自己的看法和理由。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 实体书店：physical bookstores → brick-and-mortar bookstores 独特魅力：unique charm → distinctive appeal 文化中心：cultural hubs → cultural centers 社区参与：community engagement → community involvement 2.句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：In my opinion, physical bookstores will not disappear completely. 拓展句：From my perspective, I firmly believe that physical bookstores will never completely disappear. 【点睛】【高分句型1】They offer an experience that digital platforms can’t fully replicate, making them invaluable to readers and society alike.（使用了现在分词短语做状语） 【高分句型2】What can’t be ignored is that digital reading brings us physical as well as psychological damages especially to the young.（使用了连接代词what引导的主语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Cheemi was a poor orphan living in Pune. Nobody knew where she had come from. Yet everyone accepted the frail little girl and named her Cheemi — the little sparrow. She helped people by doing odd jobs for them, such as fetching vegetables from the corner shop or looking after babies when their mothers went shopping. Everybody in the neighbourhood liked Cheemi, except Kelly. Kelly was the richest woman there. Cheemi, in her eyes, was dirty and inferior to her. Therefore, she would not allow Cheemi into her big house. The house was almost like a mansion with big wooden carved doors and huge halls. Surprisingly, the windows of the rooms decorated with beads and curtains were very small. Kelly lived with her son, her daughter-in-law Gina and her little grandson, Carl. Carl was a great favourite with the girls. Gina was a very nice, educated lady and didn’t mind Carl being carried by others. Kelly, however, never allowed Cheemi to touch Carl. How Cheemi wished she could play with him! That year, Panshet Dam collapsed and the waters of the Mutha river, near Pune, had entered the city. The water rose fast. There was confusion everywhere. Police vans were trying to help. When water entered their house, Kelly and Gina were on the ground floor. Within seconds the water rose. The police persuaded Kelly and Gina to climb to the top floor. In the hurry and confusion, they forgot that Carl was sleeping on the first floor! The staircases were flooded. It was impossible to get to the bedroom on the first floor. The door to the room was closed but not bolted(闩上). Any moment the water could rush in. The women panicked. “Carl!” they cried. “What will happen to our Carl?” Suddenly the police discovered that one of the bedroom windows was open, but it was too small for an adult to crawl in. Only a child could. But no one was willing to let their children take the risk. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Out of nowhere, Cheemi appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Loud cheers greeted Cheemi, a daring and selfless girl. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Out of nowhere, Cheemi appeared. Let me help. “I can easily crawl in and get Carl out,” she offered without a second thought. There was no time to waste. The policemen assisted Cheemi to the window: “Jump!” they told her in a determined tone. “We will drop you a rope ladder through the window.” Without a moment’s hesitation, Cheemi jumped through the window. Carl was sleeping soundly. Picking him up, Cheemi put him on her back and tied him tightly to herself with a bed sheet. Slowly she scaled the ladder and peeped through the window. Carefully she undid the bed sheet and handed it, with the child, to a policeman. Then she exerted the last ounce of strength to crawl out of the window. Loud cheers greeted Cheemi, a daring and selfless girl. Seeing everyone clapping for her, Cheemi was stunned to a halt and did not know what the fuss was all about. It was at this point that Kelly dragged Cheemi to her and hugged her tightly. Feeling immensely grateful to Cheemi, Kelly learned what mattered a lot was a person’s courage and humanity. Then she asked Cheemi what reward she would like to have for her bravery. To her surprise, Cheemi said in a low voice, “I want to have an opportunity to play with Carl.” Kelly told her that she could stay with her family as long as she wanted. On hearing this, Cheemi gave a jump in the air, twirling round and round. At last she had a place to stay in and play with little Carl. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个孤儿奇米帮助人们做零工为生，但是却不受凯利一家的喜欢，当洪水进入这座城市时卡尔被困在一楼，奇米冒着生命危险救出了卡尔，获得了凯利一家的感谢和接纳的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“奇米不知从哪里冒出来。”可知，第一段可描写奇米主动提出自己去救卡尔以及救援经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“奇米，一个勇敢无私的女孩，受到了热烈的欢呼。”可知，第二段可描写奇米救出了卡尔被凯利一家感谢和接纳的事情。 2.续写线索：奇米主动要求救卡尔——施救过程——救出卡尔——受到感谢——被凯尔家接纳 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.救助：assist/help ②.询问：ask/enquire ③.跳：jump/leap 情绪类 ①.感到惊讶的：stunned/shocked ②.感谢的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. Feeling immensely grateful to Cheemi, Kelly learned what mattered a lot was a person’s courage and humanity.（运用了省略了连接代词what引导的主语从句和that的宾语从句） [高分句型2].Picking him up, Cheemi put him on her back and tied him tightly to herself with a bed sheet.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $