Unit 5-6 单元易错点总结及练习（讲义）-2024-2025学年译林版（三起）（2012）英语五年级下册

2025年译林版小学英语五年级下 5 到 6 单元易错点总结及练习

 

知识点一：There be 句型的用法及就近原则

   知识点讲解：There be 句型表示“某处有某物/某人”，be 动词的形式由离它最近的名词决定，若名词是单数或不可数名词用 is，是复数就用 are。当有多个名词时，遵循就近原则确定 be 动词。例如：There is a book and two pens on the desk.（a book 离 be 动词近，be 动词用 is）；There are two pens and a book on the desk.（two pens 离 be 动词近，be 动词用 are）。

练习题

1. There ____________ (be) a pen and some pencils in the pencil-box.
2. There ____________ (be) some water in the bottle.
3. There ____________ (be) two apples and a banana on the table.
4. There ____________ (be) a lot of people in the park.
5. There ____________ (be) an egg and some cakes in the fridge.
6. There ____________ (be) some books and a bag on the chair.

 

知识点二：感官动词的用法

知识点讲解：感官动词（如 look、sound、taste、smell、feel 等）的主语通常是物。例如：The soup tastes yummy.（汤尝起来很美味，主语是汤，是物）；感官动词可与 like 连用，表示“像”，如：The cakes smell like chocolate.（蛋糕闻起来像巧克力）；部分感官动词，如 feel 可表示心理感受，也可用于进行时，如：I'm feeling tired.（我正感觉很累）。

练习题

1. The flower ____________ (smell) sweet.

2. The story ____________ (sound) interesting.
3. The silk ____________ (feel) soft.
4. The bread ____________ (taste) delicious.
5. The music ____________ (sound) like a bird singing.
6. The milk ____________ (smell) bad.
7. I ____________ (feel) happy today.
8. The leaves ____________ (look) green.

 

知识点三：可数名词与不可数名词的复数形式

   知识点讲解：可数名词变复数一般直接加 s，如：book - books；以辅音字母加 o 结尾的名词，有生命的加 es，如：tomato - tomatoes；无生命的加 s，如：photo - photos、piano - pianos。不可数名词一般没有复数形式，常与量词搭配，如：a piece of paper（一张纸）、a glass of water（一杯水）。

练习题

1. There are many ____________ (tomato) in the garden.
2. I have two ____________ (piano) at home.
3. The ____________ (child) are playing football.
4. We need some ____________ (water) to drink.
5. There are some ____________ (photo) on the wall.
6. He bought three ____________ (box) of apples.
7. I want a ____________ (piece) of bread.
8. There is a lot of ____________ (rice) in the bag.
9. The ____________ (sheep) are eating grass.
10. How many ____________ (fish) are there in the lake?

 

知识点四：现在进行时的用法

知识点讲解：现在进行时表示正在发生的动作，结构为 be（am/is/are）+动词的 ing 形式。常见的标志词有 look、listen、now、at the moment 等。动词加 ing 的规则：一般直接加 ing，如：play - playing；以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，去 e 加 ing，如：write - writing；重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾字母加 ing，如：run - running。

练习题

1. Look! The boys ____________ (play) football.
2. Listen! She ____________ (sing) a song.
3. I ____________ (do) my homework now.
4. They ____________ (watch) TV at the moment.
5. The cat ____________ (run) after a mouse.
6. We ____________ (have) a party tonight.
7. He ____________ (read) a book in the library.
8. The girls ____________ (dance) in the classroom.
9. My mother ____________ (cook) dinner in the kitchen.
10. The students ____________ (clean) the classroom.

 

知识点五：some 和 any 的用法

知识点讲解：some 用于肯定句，表示“一些”，例如：There are some books on the desk.（桌子上有一些书）；any 用于否定句和疑问句，表示“任何；一些”，例如：There aren't any apples in the basket.（篮子里没有一些苹果）；a lot of 既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词；many 修饰可数名词复数；much 修饰不可数