专题08 阅读表达（北京专用）-【好题汇编】2025年高考英语一模试题分类汇编

专题08 阅读表达 编者按：2025年北京十区高三一模分类整理，深度解析，排版整齐。 （一） （2025年·海淀·一模） As a novice teacher at a kindergarten, I spent a lot of time observing the interaction between experienced teachers and their students. Oftentimes when kids fall, they don’t start crying immediately. Usually kids will be OK until they lock eyes with an adult: one that they trust and know can do something for them. When I noticed this, I so wanted it to happen to me, because that meant I had earned a kid’s trust and had proven that I was able to help them with anything. One day it finally happened. Hearing a kid yell, “Teacher, Sam fell down.” I rushed out and found Sam, who was looking puzzled. When our eyes locked, his lower lips started trembling and tears welled up in his eyes. He ran towards me and let me give him a big hug. We checked to make sure he wasn’t hurt. It was in that moment that I realized something odd. Sam’s vulnerability and coming to me for help was supposed to give me more power. But strangely, the power,I felt,shifted more to Sam, because he was giving me a privilege: a gift for me to do something for someone. With everything I learned from teaching in the kindergarten, I went to conquer other things in life. Later I landed a job to work extensively with volunteers. I loved the relationship I was building there and the feeling of being asked for help. Over time, I increasingly pressured myself to stay busy and helpful. My self-worth became associated with my performance at work, which brought about one of the lowest moments of my life. Even then, my mind was running at a hyper speed into problem-solving mode and it didn’t even occur to me that I could ask for help. I was surrounded by so many people who cared for me,but I just couldn’t see them. Finally, my good friend had to literally hold me by my shoulders and force me to ask for help. With their ongoing support, I overcame one difficulty after another. I love helping others and I firmly believe others are willing to help me. We all want to be the best self in life: strong, independent and self-reliant,but we don’t always have to be. Let’s start asking for help more often, because helping Sams is a privilege and a gift. 40. Why did the author want the kids to turn to her for help? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What led to one of the author’s lowest moments in life? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author overcame the difficulties on her own when she was having a tough time. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. From this story, what can you learn about “help”? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. Because it meant she had earned a kid’s trust and proven that she was able to help them. 41. Associating her self-worth with her performance at work and pressuring herself to stay busy and helpful. 42. The underlined part is “on her own”. Because the author’s good friend held her by the shoulders and forced her to ask for help, and with their ongoing support, she overcame the difficulties. 43. We should not only be willing to help others but also be brave enough to ask for help when we need it. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从幼儿园教学中领悟到求助与帮助的意义，经历低谷后学会接受他人帮助，并认识到互相帮助是特权和礼物的故事。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Oftentimes when kids fall, they don’t start crying immediately. Usually kids will be OK until they lock eyes with an adult: one that they trust and know can do something for them. When I noticed this, I so wanted it to happen to me, because that meant I had earned a kid’s trust and had proven that I was able to help them with anything. (很多时候，孩子们摔倒了并不会立刻哭起来。通常情况下，孩子们在与他们信任且知道能为他们做点什么的成年人对视之前，都不会有事。当我注意到这一点时，我非常希望这种情况能发生在我身上，因为那就意味着我赢得了一个孩子的信任，并且证明了我能够在任何事情上帮助他们。)”可知，作者希望孩子们向她求助是因为这意味着她赢得了孩子的信任，并证明了她能够帮助他们。故答案为：Because it meant she had earned a kid’s trust and proven that she was able to help them. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“My self-worth became associated with my performance at work, which brought about one of the lowest moments of my life. (我的自我价值开始与我的工作表现联系在一起，这给我带来了人生中最低谷的时刻之一。)”以及“Over time, I increasingly pressured myself to stay busy and helpful. (随着时间的推移，我给自己施加的压力越来越大，要让自己保持忙碌和乐于助人。)”可知，作者将自我价值与工作表现联系在一起，并给自己施加压力要保持忙碌和乐于助人，这导致了作者人生中的最低谷时刻之一。故答案为：Associating her self-worth with her performance at work and pressuring herself to stay busy and helpful. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“Finally, my good friend had to literally hold me by my shoulders and force me to ask for help. With their ongoing support, I overcame one difficulty after another. (最后，我的好朋友不得不实实在在地抓住我的肩膀，强迫我去寻求帮助。在他们持续的支持下，我克服了一个又一个困难。)”可知，作者的好朋友抓住她的肩膀，强迫她寻求帮助，并在他们持续的支持下，她克服了困难。所以错误的部分是on her own。故答案为：The underlined part is “on her own”. Because the author’s good friend held her by the shoulders and forced her to ask for help, and with their ongoing support, she overcame the difficulties. 【43题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：从这个故事中，你能学到什么关于“帮助”的知识？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：通读全文，尤其是最后一段“I love helping others and I firmly believe others are willing to help me. We all want to be the best self in life: strong, independent and self-reliant,but we don’t always have to be. Let’s start asking for help more often, because helping Sams is a privilege and a gift. (我喜欢帮助别人，我坚信别人也愿意帮助我。我们都想成为生活中最好的自己:坚强、独立、自力更生，但我们并不总是需要这样。让我们开始更频繁地寻求帮助吧，因为帮助像萨姆这样的人是一种特权和礼物。)”可知，通过作者的经历，我们可以学到关于“帮助”的教训是：我们不仅要愿意帮助别人，而且在我们需要帮助的时候也要勇敢地寻求帮助。故答案为：We should not only be willing to help others but also be brave enough to ask for help when we need it. （二） （2025年·西城·一模） The convenience of modern life is truly astonishing. As I write this, my phone is wirelessly playing 18th-century classics, and I can use the same device to instantly get a ride or have food delivered. It’s easy to see why we love such shortcuts—they make life easier, save time, and reduce effort. However, many people also recognize that convenience has its darker sides. To understand why, we need to examine why we are so drawn to convenience in the first place. Evolutionary psychology can provide some answers. The concept of “evolutionary mismatch” suggests that we evolved as hunter-gatherers, but while the world has changed, our brains and bodies have not. This mismatch means that our instincts often don’t match modern life. In the past, resistance—whether to avoid unnecessary effort or conserve energy—was vital during tough times, like searching for food in the rain or escaping from danger. Those who stayed sheltered during hard times, like storms when food was scarce, were more likely to survive and pass on their genes. We have inherited (继承) this instinct to conserve energy from them. Innovation has dramatically transformed our world. Technology and our environment have adapted to suit our instinct to conserve energy. But what do we lose when we prioritize convenience? Choosing the easy path consistently weakens our ability to tackle challenges. From an evolutionary view, some discomfort is as essential to survival as rest. Our ancestors didn’t survive by being lazy; they survived by balancing safety with risk. This very struggle shapes and develops our character. In today’s technological world, we must sometimes go against our natural instincts. As a society, we need to remember—and teach the younger generation—that while convenience may feel good in the moment, our ability to adapt and overcome challenges is not only a key part of our evolutionary heritage but also central to the adventure of life. 40. Why do people love shortcuts? __________________________________________________ 41. What does “evolutionary mismatch” mean? __________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The evolutionary view shows that some discomfort is less important for our survival compared to rest. __________________________________________________ 43. Use an example to show what you can learn about “convenience” from the passage. (In about 40 words) __________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. Because they make life easier, save time, and reduce effort. 41. It means that our instincts often don’t match modern life. 42. The evolutionary view shows that some discomfort is less important for our survival compared to rest. According to the passage, from an evolutionary view, some discomfort is just as crucial to our survival as rest. 43. From the passage, I learn that while convenience, like using a phone to get a ride or order food, makes life easier, over-relying on it may weaken our ability to tackle challenges, as our instinct to conserve energy may lead us to avoid necessary difficulties. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是现代生活的便利性及其带来的影响。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“It’s easy to see why we love such shortcuts—they make life easier, save time, and reduce effort.(很容易理解为什么我们喜欢这些捷径——它们使生活更轻松，节省时间，减少精力消耗)”可知，人们喜欢捷径是因为它们使生活更轻松，节省时间，减少工作量。故答案为Because they make life easier, save time, and reduce effort. 【41题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据第二段“This mismatch means that our instincts often don’t match modern life.(这种不匹配意味着我们的本能常常与现代生活不匹配)”可知，evolutionary mismatch的意思是“我们的本能常常与现代生活不匹配”。故答案为It means that our instincts often don’t match modern life. 42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“From an evolutionary view, some discomfort is as essential to survival as rest.(从进化的角度来看，一些不适和休息一样对生存至关重要)”可知，从进化的角度来看，一些不适和休息一样对生存至关重要，因此错误的部分是“less important”。故答案为The evolutionary view shows that some discomfort is less important for our survival compared to rest. According to the passage, from an evolutionary view, some discomfort is just as crucial to our survival as rest. 【43题详解】 考查推理判断。从这篇文章中，我了解到，虽然便利，比如用手机打车或点餐，使生活更容易，但过度依赖它可能会削弱我们应对挑战的能力，因为我们节约能量的本能可能会导致我们避免必要的困难。故答案为From the passage, I learn that while convenience, like using a phone to get a ride or order food, makes life easier, over-relying on it may weaken our ability to tackle challenges, as our instinct to conserve energy may lead us to avoid necessary difficulties. （三） （2025年·东城·一模） Picture this: Your team is racing against time to submit a new proposal. You finally manage to put all the documents together. The proposal looks great and you’re confident that you’ll probably win it. A week later, you get an email: “We really liked your proposal, but we found a mistake in it. So...” You’re frustrated and angry. You call your team in, blame them for not checking the documents carefully, and storm out of the room. What’s the possible result? Your team probably thinks you’re thankless and unkind. Your relationship may be damaged. A study shows that the brain responds more strongly to bad experiences than good ones. The authors concluded that, “Good can only match or overcome bad by strength of numbers.” How much good can overcome bad? Five positive experiences are about equal to one negative one. We are all naturally wired to blame other people or circumstances when things go wrong. This is partially psychological, driven by the fundamental attribution bias. We tend to believe that what people do reflects who they are, rather than considering there may be other factors influencing their behaviour. There is also a biological explanation. Recent research shows that positive events are processed by the prefrontal cortex (大脑皮层)，which takes a while and tends to conclude that good things happen by luck. Negative events, on the other hand, are processed by the amygdala, which controls our fight-or-flight response. The amygdala usually concludes that bad things happen on purpose, and it comes to this conclusion lightning fast. So fast that we don’t even notice we're making an assumption; we just know that the person closest to the problem must have done it on purpose! This leads to the second problem with blame-we don't notice how often we do it. This can be damaging. Our brains interpret blame the same way they interpret a physical attack. When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices effectively shut down and direct all our energy to defending ourselves, which impacts our ability to solve the problem for which we are being blamed. Now that we better understand the psychology behind blame, what can we do to promote a blame-free culture? 40. What might be the result when you blame others for a team failure? ___________________________________________________ 41. What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? ___________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices will effectively shut down and direct our efforts to reviewing the problem. ___________________________________________________ 43. What can you do to help build a blame-free culture in daily life? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. Your relationship may be damaged. 41. The psychological and biological reasons why we tend to blame others. 42. When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices will effectively shut down and direct our efforts to reviewing the problem. When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices will effectively shut down and direct our energy to defending ourselves. 43. In daily life, to help build a blame-free culture, I will actively listen to others’ opinions, encourage open communication, and focus on finding solutions rather than assigning blame when problems arise. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们倾向于指责他人的心理及生物原因和如何避免指责文化。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“You call your team in, blame them for not checking the documents carefully, and storm out of the room. What’s the possible result? Your team probably thinks you’re thankless and unkind. Your relationship may be damaged. (你把团队叫来，指责他们没有仔细检查文件，然后气冲冲地走出房间。可能的结果是什么？你的团队可能会认为你忘恩负义、不友善。你们的关系可能会受损。)”可知，当你因为团队失败而指责他人时，你们的关系可能会受损。故答案为Your relationship may be damaged. 【41题详解】 考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“We are all naturally wired to blame other people or circumstances when things go wrong. This is partially psychological, driven by the fundamental attribution bias. (当事情出错时，我们天生就会倾向于指责他人或环境。这在一定程度上是心理上的，由基本归因偏差驱动。)”和第四段中“There is also a biological explanation. (还有一个生物学上的解释。)”可知，第三段和第四段主要讲述了我们倾向于指责他人的心理和生物原因。故答案为The psychological and biological reasons why we tend to blame others. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段中“When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices effectively shut down and direct all our energy to defending ourselves, which impacts our ability to solve the problem for which we are being blamed. (当我们被指责时，我们的前额叶皮层会有效地关闭，并将我们所有的精力都用于保护自己，这会影响我们解决被指责的问题的能力。)”可知，当我们被指责时，我们的前额叶皮层会有效地关闭，并将我们所有的精力都用于保护自己，而不是回顾问题。因此，错误的部分是“direct our efforts to reviewing the problem”，应改为“direct our energy to defending ourselves”。故答案为When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices will effectively shut down and direct our efforts to reviewing the problem. When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices will effectively shut down and direct our energy to defending ourselves. 【43题详解】 开放性问题。在日常生活中，为了帮助建立一个无指责的文化，我们可以采取积极的态度，鼓励团队成员分享他们的观点和感受，而不是指责他们。同时，当出现问题时，我们应该专注于寻找解决方案，而不是追究责任。例如，我们可以说：“In daily life, to help build a blame-free culture, I will actively listen to others’ opinions, encourage open communication, and focus on finding solutions rather than assigning blame when problems arise. (在日常生活中，为了帮助建立一个无指责的文化，我会积极倾听他人的意见，鼓励开放的沟通，并在问题出现时专注于寻找解决方案，而不是指责他人)”故答案为In daily life, to help build a blame-free culture, I will actively listen to others’ opinions, encourage open communication, and focus on finding solutions rather than assigning blame when problems arise. （四） （2025年·朝阳·一模） Growing up, my favourite children’s book was Amelia Bedelia. Amelia’s silly behaviours that were a result of her literal interpretation of language often had me laughing. When she was told to dust the furniture, instead of grabbing a feather duster, she sprinkled (撒) dust all over the chairs and tables. A classic moment in Amelia’s life. Recently, several of my friends have decided to limit their use of electronic devices for chatting to avoid potential misunderstandings. Yet, I enjoy using these tools to stay connected with my children and grandchildren. But I admit it does lead to more frequent Amelia Bedelia moments. The other day I was providing childcare for my granddaughter Cora and her one-year-old brother, Zay. Zay was sleeping while Cora was in her bedroom colouring, with her tablet right next to her. Hoping to have a few minutes of peace, I told Cora I would be in the backyard and that she should call me if Zay woke up. Shortly after, the door opened. There was Cora, red-faced, struggling to carry Zay. I quickly took him from her, gently scolding (训斥), “Cora, I told you to call me.” She simply replied, “Grandma, I did call you. You didn’t answer. Where’s your phone?” Her call had come via an app on her tablet to my phone which was on the kitchen table. Clearly, we had different ideas of what “call” meant. As my grandchildren become more proficient (熟练) with technology and the language of a different generation, there is no doubt our Amelia Bedelia moments will only increase. I can resist the misunderstandings by putting my phone away, but to enjoy the smile of the loved ones, I’d rather keep it closer to me to experience the silly accidents that will occur. 40. What caused Amelia’s silly behaviours? ____________________________________________________ 41. Why didn’t the author’s granddaughter call her the way she had expected? ____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author cherishes Amelia Bedelia moments because she wants to resist the misunderstandings. ____________________________________________________ 43. If you experience an Amelia Bedelia moment, what would you do? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. Her literal interpretation of language. 41. Because they had different ideas of what “call” meant. 42. The author cherishes Amelia Bedelia moments because she wants to resist the misunderstandings. The author cherishes Amelia Bedelia moments because she wants to enjoy the smile of the loved ones. 43. If I experience an Amelia Bedelia moment, I would laugh it off and try to understand the other person’s perspective, because it’s a chance to see the world from a different angle.(答案不唯一，合理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和孙女间因对“call”理解不同产生的趣事及感悟。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Amelia’s silly behaviours that were a result of her literal interpretation of language often had me laughing.(阿米莉亚那些因对语言的字面理解而产生的愚蠢行为常常让我捧腹大笑)”可知，Amelia愚蠢的行为是由于她对语言的字面理解造成的。故答案为Her literal interpretation of language. 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Her call had come via an app on her tablet to my phone which was on the kitchen table. Clearly, we had different ideas of what ‘call’ meant.(她是通过平板电脑上的一个应用程序给我打电话的，而我的手机当时放在厨房的桌子上。很明显，我们对 “call” 的理解不一样)”可知，孙女是通过平板电脑上的应用程序给作者打电话，而作者期望的是她在弟弟醒了后叫他。故答案为Because they had different ideas of what “call” meant. 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“I can resist the misunderstandings by putting my phone away, but to enjoy the smile of the loved ones, I’d rather keep it closer to me to experience the silly accidents that will occur.(我可以通过把手机放在一边来避免这些误解，但为了能看到所爱之人的笑容，我宁愿把手机放在身边，去经历那些将会发生的小趣事)”可知，作者珍惜这些“Amelia Bedelia 时刻”不是为了避免误解，而是为了享受亲人的笑容，体验那些会发生的愚蠢的意外，所以错误的地方是 because she wants to resist the misunderstandings. 。故答案为The author cherishes Amelia Bedelia moments because she wants to resist the misunderstandings. The author cherishes Amelia Bedelia moments because she wants to enjoy the smile of the loved ones. 【43题详解】 开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。如果经历了阿米莉亚·贝迪莉娅的时刻，我会笑着面对，尝试从对方的角度去理解，因为这是一个从不同角度看世界的机会。故答案为If I experience an Amelia Bedelia moment, I would laugh it off and try to understand the other person’s perspective, because it’s a chance to see the world from a different angle. （五） （2025年·丰台·一模） In the digital age, technology is transforming how we communicate and interact. What were once science-fiction tech ideas are now reality. In the 2002 film Minority Report, John Anderton used a data glove, and now touch-based computing is common. Similar gaming interaction methods have appeared since 2006. These are just a taste of what’s to come. MIT computer scientist Thomas Koffler predicted that virtual touch-based computing is the future of human-computer interfaces. He also suggested that an even more exciting area of research, one that will transform how we communicate with computers over the longer term, is so-called brain-computer interface (BCI). Today’s research on BCI works on a related idea: the brain makes use of electrical signals, an electrical code, to send and process information. As the brain runs on electrical signals, assuming these can be accurately read, the signals thus allow us to communicate with external devices through the transmission of electrical impulses (脉冲) directly from the brain. In theory, it should be possible to use brain signals that move your arm and hand to control a robotic arm, e.g., to pick up a coffee cup. Research of this kind is ongoing. Cochlear implants (人工耳蜗), allowing the hard of hearing to hear, are currently the most widely available use for this technology. The principle of BCI enables brain signals to communicate with the implant, thereby overcoming the damaged part of the ear. In the future, it may be possible for implants in the brain to allow us to communicate directly with and control a wide variety of devices, using the power of thought alone. Today, computers and smartphones with fixed cameras enable real-time face-to-face chat. Next up could be telepresence robots, which let a person remotely see, move around, and interact. Ideal for tele-conferencing and remote site tours, their potential is clear. Ultimately, the driving force behind digital communication’s next stage is the cooperative intelligence that makes humans exceptional communicators. 40. According to Thomas Koffler, what will transform the way we communicate with computers over the longer term? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How do electrical signals allow us to communicate with external devices? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.  The principle of BCI enables brain signals to directly fix the damaged part of the ear. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Do you think BCI will make our lives better? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. Brain-computer interface. 41. By transmitting the electrical impulses directly from the brain./ Through the transmission of electrical impulses directly from the brain. 42. The principle of BCI enables brain signals to directly flex the damaged part of the car. The principle of BCI enables brain signals to communicate with the implant to overcome the damaged part of the car, not directly fix it. 43. Yes, I think BCI will make our lives better. It can help disabled people regain certain functions, improve quality of life, and potentially enable more efficient communication and control methods in the future. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了脑机接口（BCI）技术的原理、应用及未来潜力，并探讨了数字通信技术的发展趋势。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“He also suggested that an even more exciting area of research, one that will transform how we communicate with computers over the longer term, is so-called brain-computer interface (BCI). (他还指出，一个更令人兴奋的研究领域，一个将在更长远的时间里改变我们与计算机交流方式的研究领域，就是所谓的脑机接口（BCI）)”可知，根据Thomas Koffler的说法，从长远来看，脑机接口（BCI）将改变我们与计算机的交流方式。故答案为：Brain-computer interface. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第三段中“As the brain runs on electrical signals, assuming these can be accurately read, the signals thus allow us to communicate with external devices through the transmission of electrical impulses (脉冲) directly from the brain. (由于大脑通过电信号运行，假设这些信号可以被准确读取，那么这些信号就允许我们通过直接从大脑传输电脉冲来与外部设备通信)”可知，电信号通过直接从大脑传输电脉冲，从而允许我们与外部设备通信。故答案为：By transmitting the electrical impulses directly from the brain./ Through the transmission of electrical impulses directly from the brain. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“The principle of BCI enables brain signals to communicate with the implant, thereby overcoming the damaged part of the ear. (脑机接口的原理使脑信号能够与植入物通信，从而克服耳朵受损的部分)”可知，脑机接口的原理是使脑信号能够与植入物通信，而不是直接修复耳朵受损的部分。所以错误的部分是directly fix the damaged part of the ear，应改为communicate with the implant, thereby overcoming the damaged part of the ear。故答案为：The principle of BCI enables brain signals to directly flex the damaged part of the car. The principle of BCI enables brain signals to communicate with the implant to overcome the damaged part of the car, not directly fix it. 【43题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：你认为BCI会让我们的生活变得更好吗？为什么或为什么不呢？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：是的，我认为脑机接口会让我们的生活变得更好，因为它可以帮助残疾人恢复某些功能，提高生活质量，并可能在未来实现更高效的通信和控制方式。故答案为：Yes, I think BCI will make our lives better. It can help disabled people regain certain functions, improve quality of life, and potentially enable more efficient communication and control methods in the future. （六） （2025年·石景山·一模） A Journey with a Painting Drone In the messy garage of their home, 16-year-old Emma stared at the pieces of her brother’s old broken drone (无人机). Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning old technology into something “magical.” While most students built simple things like solar chargers, Emma dreamed of something bigger — a drone that could paint pictures while flying! She drew designs mixing science and art — brushes attached to propellers (螺旋桨) and colours guided by GPS. Her classmates laughed, calling it a “flying junk,” but Emma kept working. One rainy afternoon, she adjusted the drone’s settings to match music. Every beat released a paint drop. The first try was a mess — bright paints spread everywhere. But Emma noticed a pattern in the chaos. After five tries, the drone danced to Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony, creating a beautiful abstract painting. Her project won the school’s top prize and even inspired local artists to use her technology for large outdoor artworks. Emma’s success wasn’t just about imagination. It teaches us three essential keys to unlocking creativity. First, balance is crucial. Creativity grows not in daydreams alone, but when wild ideas meet real-world logic. Emma didn’t just imagine a painting drone; she grounded her vision in maths and physics, calculating how to keep brushes steady mid-flight. Second, bravery grows through small steps. Early on, Emma almost abandoned her idea, fearing others would laugh. But she fought doubt by practising creativity daily. Finally, fun fuels persistence. Emma’s first test spread paints everywhere, but instead of giving up, she found joy in the chaos. Her attempts reminded her that “impossible” ideas can awaken wonder. Creativity isn’t a rare gift for the chosen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins. Most importantly, Emma’s journey mirrors a universal truth: creativity, like a child learning to walk, demands patience. Every wobble (蹒跚) and every fall is a track of progress. When we cheer for effort rather than perfection — whether for a child’s first steps or our own messy drafts — we unlock the courage to keep moving forward. 40. What task did Emma’s physics teacher give to the class? ________________________________________________________ 41. According to the author, what are the essential keys to unlocking creativity? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Emma, valuing the final result instead of small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. ________________________________________________________ 43. How do you unlock your creativity? Please give one example. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. Turning old technology into something “magical.” 41. Balance, bravery and fun. 42. Emma, valuing the final result instead of small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. Emma, valuing small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. 43. 言之成理即可。I unlock my creativity by exploring different hobbies. Once I combined painting and music. While listening to a piece of jazz, I painted freely, which inspired new ideas. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了16岁女孩Emma将旧无人机改造成能绘画的无人机的过程，强调了通过平衡想象与现实、勇敢面对挑战和享受创造的乐趣来解锁创造力的重要性。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning old technology into something “magical.” (她的物理老师给全班同学布置了一个任务——把旧技术变成“神奇”的东西)”可知，Emma的物理老师布置的任务是将旧技术变成某种“神奇”的东西。故答案为Turning old technology into something “magical.” 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“It teaches us three essential keys to unlocking creativity. First, balance is crucial.(它教会了我们开启创造力的三个关键。首先，平衡至关重要)”、“Second, bravery grows through small steps.(其次，勇气通过小步骤逐渐增长)”和“Finally, fun fuels persistence.(最后，乐趣能激发毅力)”可知，作者认为开启创造力的关键有三个：平衡（Balance），勇敢（Bravery），以及乐趣（Fun）。故答案为Balance, bravery and fun. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Creativity isn’t a rare gift for the chosen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins.(创造力并非是少数被选中的人所独有的罕见天赋；它就像是一块肌肉，当我们对失败付之一笑并为小小的成功而庆祝时，它就会变得更加强健)”以及第四段中“When we cheer for effort rather than perfection—whether for a child’s first steps or our own messy drafts — we unlock the courage to keep moving forward.(当我们为付出的努力而非完美喝彩时——无论是为孩子迈出的第一步，还是为我们自己那些杂乱无章的草稿——我们就激发了继续前行的勇气)”可知，艾玛从失败中学习并且庆祝小的成功，而不是看重最终结果，所以Emma, valuing the final result这部分错误。文中强调的是艾玛注重努力的过程、庆祝小的成功，而不是只看重最终结果。故答案为：Emma, valuing the final result instead of small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. Emma, valuing small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. 【43题详解】 开放题目，答案不唯一，言之成理即可。我通过探索不同的爱好来释放我的创造力。有一次我将绘画和音乐结合起来。在听一段爵士乐的时候，我自由地绘画，这激发了新的想法。I unlock my creativity by exploring different hobbies. Once I combined painting and music. While listening to a piece of jazz, I painted freely, which inspired new ideas. （七） （2025年·房山·一模） Have you ever taken the time to stop and listen to nature? Deeply, quietly and patiently? If not, don’t worry. Deep listening is a skill that can be developed. To listen deeply to nature means recognizing behaviors, relationships, and interaction patterns between species and gaining insights. If you’d like to try deep listening, visit a quiet natural place, turn off your devices, and close your eyes. Extend your hearing into the landscape, focusing in all directions. At first, you’ll hear individual creatures, but soon you may notice interactions and patterns, helping you comprehend the living system as a whole. We can learn valuable lessons about cooperation and competition by deeply listening to nature. People often simplify relationships into cooperation or competition, but nature shows that cooperation plays a greater role than we think. Many species, like birds in mixed flocks (群), work together by sharing information about food and threats. This cooperation, especially when embracing diversity, is key to addressing humanity’s existential threats, which are interconnected and require collaborative (合作的) solutions. Similarly, in competitive interactions, many animals use specialized behaviors, like singing or play fighting, to negotiate rather than engage in direct competition, highlighting the importance of communication and shared respect in conflict resolution. In some countries, deep listening is even part of the education system, teaching children to understand and live with the ecological communities around them. In this education system, plants and animals are both central knowledge holders and teachers. Humans provide support for children’s learning from these knowledge holders. In this way, children come to know, understand, and care for the land. Deep listening to nature helps us appreciate and care for Earth’s ecological communities. It teaches how species adapt, survive, and thrive (茁壮成长), offering guidance for our own cultures as we face growing social and environmental uncertainty. 40. What is deep listening to nature? ___________________________________________________ 41. Why do many animals use specialized behaviors? ___________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement then underline it and explain why. In the deep listening education system, humans are the central knowledge holders and teachers. ___________________________________________________ 43. Apart from what is mentioned in this passage, what other lessons can you learn from nature? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. To listen deeply to nature means recognizing behaviors, relationships, and interaction patterns between species and gaining insights. 41. Many animals use specialized behaviors to negotiate rather than engage in direct competition. 42. In the deep listening education system, humans are the central knowledge holders and teachers. Plants and animals are both central knowledge holders and teachers. 43. Open. Nature offers countless life lessons. It teaches us resilience through trees weathering storms, patience from observing seasons' cycles, and cooperation from colonies of ants working together for the greater good. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是深入倾听自然的意义以及自然界的教育意义。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“To listen deeply to nature means recognizing behaviors, relationships, and interaction patterns between species and gaining insights.(深入倾听自然意味着认识到物种之间的行为、关系和相互作用模式，并获得洞察力)”可知，深入倾听自然意味着认识物种之间的行为、关系和相互作用模式，并获得洞察力。故答案为To listen deeply to nature means recognizing behaviors, relationships, and interaction patterns between species and gaining insights. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Similarly, in competitive interactions, many animals use specialized behaviors, like singing or play fighting, to negotiate rather than engage in direct competition, highlighting the importance of communication and shared respect in conflict resolution.(同样，在竞争性互动中，许多动物使用专门的行为，如唱歌或打架，来谈判，而不是直接竞争，这突出了沟通和共同尊重在解决冲突中的重要性)”可知，许多动物用专门的行为来谈判，而不是直接竞争。故答案为Many animals use specialized behaviors to negotiate rather than engage in direct competition. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“In this education system, plants and animals are both central knowledge holders and teachers.(在这个教育体系中，植物和动物既是核心知识的持有者，也是教师)”可知，错误部分为“humans”，因为植物和动物既是核心知识的持有者，也是教师。故答案为In the deep listening education system, humans are the central knowledge holders and teachers. Plants and animals are both central knowledge holders and teachers. 【43题详解】 开放性试题。要言之有理，注意词数限制。根据“除了这篇文章中提到的，你还能从大自然中学到什么？”可回答：大自然提供了无数的人生课程。它教会我们通过树木抵御风暴的韧性，通过观察季节周期的耐心，以及蚁群为了更大的利益而共同努力的合作。故答案为Nature offers countless life lessons. It teaches us resilience through trees weathering storms, patience from observing seasons' cycles, and cooperation from colonies of ants working together for the greater good. （八） （2025年·门头沟·一模） Sudden changes and gradual changes affect students differently. Emotions run deep from sadness and hopelessness to hope and optimism. Whether the change is considered good or not-so-good, students are increasingly faced with the chaos, uncertainty and complexity of living in today’s world, which aren’t easy. Helping students learn and apply evidence-based skills, which improve their resilience, is at the core of preparing students for an uncertain world and helping them transform challenges into something better. Student resilience is the ability to recover from a challenge or great disaster. Being able to build this capability is complex and nuanced, but there are many science-backed ideas and strategies that help students increase their current level of resiliency. Supportive relationships are considered the number one sign of childhood resilience. The key active core ingredient for resilience is the relationships the kids have to others who care about them. Every student needs healthy and supportive relationships, especially in times of trouble or challenges, so they can feel supported and capable of beginning again, regardless of whether the problem is getting cut from their basketball team or having their school or family home burn down. Researchers concluded that transforming challenges into something positive also helps people have better control of their emotions and more positive outcomes, which lead to more resilience. Subjects who didn’t transform challenges and perceived events as negative demonstrated less emotional control and resilience in the face of challenges. Of course, there are tragedies, which are hard to transform, but most of the time, we can find something positive or constructive from a challenging situation. Say your daughter had her wisdom teeth out, and you asked her, “Is there anything good from this?” She may say, “Yes. I get two days off from school, and all the ice cream I can eat!” This is more resilient than her saying, “No. It’s terrible.” That’s not a wrong answer, but she can, little by little, learn how to transform her challenges and build that skill for her resiliency toolbox. 40. According to the passage, what’s student resilience? ______________________________________________ 41. What’s the most important sign to develop the childhood resilience? ______________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. People who transform challenges into something positive are likely to be less resilient. ______________________________________________ 43. Please share one of your own experiences about the application of resilience to your daily life.(In about 40 words) ______________________________________________ 【答案】 40. Student resilience is the ability to recover from a challenge or great disaster. 41. Supportive relationships. 42. People who transform challenges into something positive are likely to be less resilient. According to the passage, transforming challenges into something positive helps people have better control of their emotions and more positive outcomes, which lead to more resilience. 43. When facing a sudden job loss, I built a routine to upskill and network daily; resilience helped me pivot into a better role within months. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是适应力以及适应力的好处。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Student resilience is the ability to recover from a challenge or great disaster. (学生适应力是指从挑战或重大灾难中恢复的能力。)”可知，学生的适应力是指从挑战或重大灾难中恢复的能力。故答案为Student resilience is the ability to recover from a challenge or great disaster. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“Supportive relationships are considered the number one sign of childhood resilience. (支持性关系被认为是儿童适应力的首要标志。)”可知，培养儿童适应力最重要的标志是支持的关系。故答案为Supportive relationships. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Researchers concluded that transforming challenges into something positive also helps people have better control of their emotions and more positive outcomes, which lead to more resilience. (研究人员得出结论，将挑战转化为积极的东西还能帮助人们更好地控制自己的情绪，获得更多积极的结果，从而增强适应力。)”可知，错误部分为are likely to be less resilient，根据这篇文章，将挑战转化为积极的东西可以帮助人们更好地控制自己的情绪，获得更多积极的结果，从而提高适应力。故答案为People who transform challenges into something positive are likely to be less resilient. According to the passage, transforming challenges into something positive helps people have better control of their emotions and more positive outcomes, which lead to more resilience. 【43题详解】 考查开放题。根据“请分享一个你自己在日常生活中运用韧性的经验”可回答：当面临突然失业时，我建立了一个日常计划来提高技能和人际关系；适应力帮助我在几个月内找到了更好的工作。故答案为When facing a sudden job loss, I built a routine to upskill and network daily; resilience helped me pivot into a better role within months. （九） （2025年·平谷·一模） Main character syndrome is a term that was born on social media to describe a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story. People with main character syndrome often have some apparent symbols. They often prioritize their own needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the most important, create situations to draw attention to themselves and behavior overly dramatically to fish for praises. They have a distorted view of reality, ignore or deny the consequences of their behavior. They clash with people with different perspectives or goals, as they view their storylines as the most important. They believe they deserve special attention or treatment and expect others to go out of their way to accommodate them. These have difficulty understanding or valuing the experiences and feelings of others, often showing little genuine concern for others’ problems. They often view everyone else as supporting actors. Main character syndrome isn't inherently “bad” . On the positive side, seeing oneself as the protagonist in a life story can foster a sense of purpose and motivation. It can encourage people to pursue their goals with determination and confidence. However, the negative aspects often outweigh the positives. This mindset can lead to self-centered behavior, difficulty empathizing with others, and a lack of genuine connection in relationships. Exposure to movies, TV shows, and books focusing on individualism can lead people to see their own lives in a similar light. Social media also facilitate sharing personal experiences, often placing individuals at the center of their content. This emphasis on self-presentation and pursuing likes, comments, and validation can reinforce behaviors associated with main character syndrome. Certain personality traits, such as narcissistic tendencies, can contribute to main character syndrome. People who naturally seek higher levels of admiration or have an inflated sense of self-importance may be more prone to this mindset. Low self-esteem or self-worth, potentially leads to an excessive desire for external validation. Social and environmental factors, such as family dynamics, upbringing, and social environment can also play a role. People who are constantly reinforced or encouraged to focus on themselves may develop main character syndrome. 40. What is main character syndrome? ____________________________________________________ 41. What are the obvious performances of people with main character syndrome? ____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ★People with main character syndrome often pursue their goals with determination and the negative effects are equal to the positives. ____________________________________________________ 43. What way(s) do you have to overcome main character syndrome? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. 1) Main character syndrome is a term that was born on social media to describe a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story. 2) It is to describe a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story. 3) It is a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story. 41. People with main character syndrome often prioritize their own needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the most important, create situations to draw attention to themselves and behavior overly dramatically, to fish for praises, 42. ★People with main character syndrome often pursue their goals with determination and the negative effects are equal to the positives. 1) The negative aspects often outweigh the positives. 2) The negative effects are not equal to the positives but outweigh the positives. 43. 开放题目，答案不唯一，合理即可。One effective way to overcome main character syndrome is by practicing empathy and actively listening to others without seeking personal gain. Engage in community service, focus on shared experiences rather than self-promotion, and reflect on one’s motivations. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“主角综合症”的概念、表现、其正负面效应、产生的原因及影响因素，强调了它在社交媒体时代下的特点及其与个人主义的关系。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Main character syndrome is a term that was born on social media to describe a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story.(主角综合症是一个在社交媒体上诞生的术语，用来描述人们将自己视为自己人生故事中的主角的心态)”以及第三段“They clash with people with different perspectives or goals, as they view their storylines as the most important.(他们与具有不同观点或目标的人发生冲突，因为他们认为自己的故事情节是最重要的)”可知，主角综合症是一个在社交媒体上诞生的术语，用来描述人们将自己视为自己人生故事中的主角的心态；它描述了人们将自己视为自己人生故事中的主角的心态；它是将自己视为自己人生故事中的主角是人们的一种心态。故答案为1) Main character syndrome is a term that was born on social media to describe a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story. 2) It is to describe a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story. 3) It is a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“People with main character syndrome often have some apparent symbols. They often prioritize their own needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the most important, create situations to draw attention to themselves and behavior overly dramatically to fish for praises.(患有主角综合症的人通常有一些明显的符号。他们经常优先考虑自己的需求和经历，认为自己的感受是最重要的，创造情境来吸引人们对自己的关注，并做出过于戏剧化的行为来寻求赞美)”可知，患有主角综合症的人通常会优先考虑自己的需求和经历，认为自己的感受是最重要的，创造情境来吸引人们对自己和行为的过度关注，寻求赞美。故答案为People with main character syndrome often prioritize their own needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the most important, create situations to draw attention to themselves and behavior overly dramatically, to fish for praises. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“However, the negative aspects often outweigh the positives.(然而，负面影响往往大于正面影响)”可知，负面效应并不等于正面效应，而是超过了正面效应。原句中the negative effects are equal to the positives表述错误。故答案为 ★People with main character syndrome often pursue their goals with determination and the negative effects are equal to the positives. 1) The negative aspects often outweigh the positives. 2) The negative effects are not equal to the positives but outweigh the positives. 【43题详解】 开放题目，答案不唯一，合理即可。克服主角综合症的一个有效方法是练习同理心，积极倾听他人的意见，而不寻求个人利益。参与社区服务，注重分享经验而不是自我推销，并反思自己的动机。故答案为One effective way to overcome main character syndrome is by practicing empathy and actively listening to others without seeking personal gain. Engage in community service, focus on shared experiences rather than self-promotion, and reflect on one’s motivations. （十） （2025年·顺义·一模） The famous marshmallow (棉花糖) test, where children were given the choice between eating one marshmallow immediately or waiting for two later, may have revealed more than just willpower — it might help explain why some people maintain sharper cognitive function as they age. A recent research suggests that the ability to delay satisfaction could help protect people from developing memory or thinking problems. Think of your brain as a muscle that gets stronger with practice. Every time you choose a long-term benefit over immediate pleasure, you’re essentially doing a mental workout. This workout engages particularly the brain area that is responsible for planning, reasoning, and controlling urges. Regularly exercising self-control may help maintain cognitive function. The science behind this connection is fascinating. When we resist immediate rewards, we stimulate “cool” regulation strategies in the rational (理性的) reasoning center of decision-making. In contrast, giving in to immediate satisfaction typically involves “hot” strategies in the brain areas associated with emotional decision-making. The more we practice using these “cool” strategies, the stronger our brain pathways become. This could help delay or prevent memory loss or thinking problems. The good news is that these skills can be developed at any age. Simple strategies like setting specific goals, creating detailed action plans, and using monitoring techniques can help. Also, physical activity plays a particularly important role. Remember, it’s never too late to start building these protective cognitive skills. The key is consistent practice and a conscious (有意识的) effort to make choices that prioritize long-term benefits over immediate rewards. 40. According to the recent research, what could the ability to delay satisfaction help? ______________________________________________________ 41. Which brain area does delayed satisfaction particularly work out? ______________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. As we grow older, we can strengthen our brain pathways that could help delay or prevent memory loss or thinking problems. ______________________________________________________ 43. Please share one of your experiences of delayed satisfaction. （In about 40words） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 40. It could help protect people from developing memory or thinking problems. 41. The brain area that is responsible for planning, reasoning, and controlling urges. 42. As we grow older, we can strengthen our brain pathways that could help delay or prevent memory loss or thinking problems. At any age, we can strengthen our brain pathways that could help delay or prevent memory loss or thinking problems. 43. One day, I really wanted to buy a new game, but I had a test coming up. I decided to wait and study for the test instead. After doing well on the test, I felt more satisfied and rewarded, knowing I had prioritized my responsibilities.（开放题） 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了延迟满足感可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“A recent research suggests that the ability to delay satisfaction could help protect people from developing memory or thinking problems.(最近的一项研究表明，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。)”可知，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。故答案为It could help protect people from developing memory or thinking problems.。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“This workout engages particularly the brain area that is responsible for planning, reasoning, and controlling urges.(这种锻炼特别涉及到负责计划、推理和控制冲动的大脑区域。)”可知，延迟满足感特别锻炼负责计划、推理和控制冲动的大脑区域。故答案为The brain area that is responsible for planning, reasoning, and controlling urges.。 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第四段“The good news is that these skills can be developed at any age.(好消息是，这些技能可以在任何年龄培养。)”可知，好消息是，在任何年龄，我们都可以加强我们的大脑通路，这有助于延缓或防止记忆丧失或思维问题。故As we grow older错误，应改为At any age。故答案为As we grow older, we can strengthen our brain pathways that could help delay or prevent memory loss or thinking problems. At any age, we can strengthen our brain pathways that could help delay or prevent memory loss or thinking problems.。 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。根据第一段“A recent research suggests that the ability to delay satisfaction could help protect people from developing memory or thinking problems.(最近的一项研究表明，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。)”结合自己延迟满足感的经历，讲述一件延迟满足感的事情。故答案为One day, I really wanted to buy a new game, but I had a test coming up. I decided to wait and study for the test instead. After doing well on the test, I felt more satisfied and rewarded, knowing I had prioritized my responsibilities.（开放性试题，答案合理即可） 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题08 阅读表达 编者按：2025年北京十区高三一模分类整理，深度解析，排版整齐。 （一） （2025年·海淀·一模） As a novice teacher at a kindergarten, I spent a lot of time observing the interaction between experienced teachers and their students. Oftentimes when kids fall, they don’t start crying immediately. Usually kids will be OK until they lock eyes with an adult: one that they trust and know can do something for them. When I noticed this, I so wanted it to happen to me, because that meant I had earned a kid’s trust and had proven that I was able to help them with anything. One day it finally happened. Hearing a kid yell, “Teacher, Sam fell down.” I rushed out and found Sam, who was looking puzzled. When our eyes locked, his lower lips started trembling and tears welled up in his eyes. He ran towards me and let me give him a big hug. We checked to make sure he wasn’t hurt. It was in that moment that I realized something odd. Sam’s vulnerability and coming to me for help was supposed to give me more power. But strangely, the power,I felt,shifted more to Sam, because he was giving me a privilege: a gift for me to do something for someone. With everything I learned from teaching in the kindergarten, I went to conquer other things in life. Later I landed a job to work extensively with volunteers. I loved the relationship I was building there and the feeling of being asked for help. Over time, I increasingly pressured myself to stay busy and helpful. My self-worth became associated with my performance at work, which brought about one of the lowest moments of my life. Even then, my mind was running at a hyper speed into problem-solving mode and it didn’t even occur to me that I could ask for help. I was surrounded by so many people who cared for me,but I just couldn’t see them. Finally, my good friend had to literally hold me by my shoulders and force me to ask for help. With their ongoing support, I overcame one difficulty after another. I love helping others and I firmly believe others are willing to help me. We all want to be the best self in life: strong, independent and self-reliant,but we don’t always have to be. Let’s start asking for help more often, because helping Sams is a privilege and a gift. 40. Why did the author want the kids to turn to her for help? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What led to one of the author’s lowest moments in life? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author overcame the difficulties on her own when she was having a tough time. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. From this story, what can you learn about “help”? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （二） （2025年·西城·一模） The convenience of modern life is truly astonishing. As I write this, my phone is wirelessly playing 18th-century classics, and I can use the same device to instantly get a ride or have food delivered. It’s easy to see why we love such shortcuts—they make life easier, save time, and reduce effort. However, many people also recognize that convenience has its darker sides. To understand why, we need to examine why we are so drawn to convenience in the first place. Evolutionary psychology can provide some answers. The concept of “evolutionary mismatch” suggests that we evolved as hunter-gatherers, but while the world has changed, our brains and bodies have not. This mismatch means that our instincts often don’t match modern life. In the past, resistance—whether to avoid unnecessary effort or conserve energy—was vital during tough times, like searching for food in the rain or escaping from danger. Those who stayed sheltered during hard times, like storms when food was scarce, were more likely to survive and pass on their genes. We have inherited (继承) this instinct to conserve energy from them. Innovation has dramatically transformed our world. Technology and our environment have adapted to suit our instinct to conserve energy. But what do we lose when we prioritize convenience? Choosing the easy path consistently weakens our ability to tackle challenges. From an evolutionary view, some discomfort is as essential to survival as rest. Our ancestors didn’t survive by being lazy; they survived by balancing safety with risk. This very struggle shapes and develops our character. In today’s technological world, we must sometimes go against our natural instincts. As a society, we need to remember—and teach the younger generation—that while convenience may feel good in the moment, our ability to adapt and overcome challenges is not only a key part of our evolutionary heritage but also central to the adventure of life. 40. Why do people love shortcuts? __________________________________________________ 41. What does “evolutionary mismatch” mean? __________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The evolutionary view shows that some discomfort is less important for our survival compared to rest. __________________________________________________ 43. Use an example to show what you can learn about “convenience” from the passage. (In about 40 words) __________________________________________________ （三） （2025年·东城·一模） Picture this: Your team is racing against time to submit a new proposal. You finally manage to put all the documents together. The proposal looks great and you’re confident that you’ll probably win it. A week later, you get an email: “We really liked your proposal, but we found a mistake in it. So...” You’re frustrated and angry. You call your team in, blame them for not checking the documents carefully, and storm out of the room. What’s the possible result? Your team probably thinks you’re thankless and unkind. Your relationship may be damaged. A study shows that the brain responds more strongly to bad experiences than good ones. The authors concluded that, “Good can only match or overcome bad by strength of numbers.” How much good can overcome bad? Five positive experiences are about equal to one negative one. We are all naturally wired to blame other people or circumstances when things go wrong. This is partially psychological, driven by the fundamental attribution bias. We tend to believe that what people do reflects who they are, rather than considering there may be other factors influencing their behaviour. There is also a biological explanation. Recent research shows that positive events are processed by the prefrontal cortex (大脑皮层)，which takes a while and tends to conclude that good things happen by luck. Negative events, on the other hand, are processed by the amygdala, which controls our fight-or-flight response. The amygdala usually concludes that bad things happen on purpose, and it comes to this conclusion lightning fast. So fast that we don’t even notice we're making an assumption; we just know that the person closest to the problem must have done it on purpose! This leads to the second problem with blame-we don't notice how often we do it. This can be damaging. Our brains interpret blame the same way they interpret a physical attack. When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices effectively shut down and direct all our energy to defending ourselves, which impacts our ability to solve the problem for which we are being blamed. Now that we better understand the psychology behind blame, what can we do to promote a blame-free culture? 40. What might be the result when you blame others for a team failure? ___________________________________________________ 41. What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? ___________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When we are blamed, our prefrontal cortices will effectively shut down and direct our efforts to reviewing the problem. ___________________________________________________ 43. What can you do to help build a blame-free culture in daily life? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________ （四） （2025年·朝阳·一模） Growing up, my favourite children’s book was Amelia Bedelia. Amelia’s silly behaviours that were a result of her literal interpretation of language often had me laughing. When she was told to dust the furniture, instead of grabbing a feather duster, she sprinkled (撒) dust all over the chairs and tables. A classic moment in Amelia’s life. Recently, several of my friends have decided to limit their use of electronic devices for chatting to avoid potential misunderstandings. Yet, I enjoy using these tools to stay connected with my children and grandchildren. But I admit it does lead to more frequent Amelia Bedelia moments. The other day I was providing childcare for my granddaughter Cora and her one-year-old brother, Zay. Zay was sleeping while Cora was in her bedroom colouring, with her tablet right next to her. Hoping to have a few minutes of peace, I told Cora I would be in the backyard and that she should call me if Zay woke up. Shortly after, the door opened. There was Cora, red-faced, struggling to carry Zay. I quickly took him from her, gently scolding (训斥), “Cora, I told you to call me.” She simply replied, “Grandma, I did call you. You didn’t answer. Where’s your phone?” Her call had come via an app on her tablet to my phone which was on the kitchen table. Clearly, we had different ideas of what “call” meant. As my grandchildren become more proficient (熟练) with technology and the language of a different generation, there is no doubt our Amelia Bedelia moments will only increase. I can resist the misunderstandings by putting my phone away, but to enjoy the smile of the loved ones, I’d rather keep it closer to me to experience the silly accidents that will occur. 40. What caused Amelia’s silly behaviours? ____________________________________________________ 41. Why didn’t the author’s granddaughter call her the way she had expected? ____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author cherishes Amelia Bedelia moments because she wants to resist the misunderstandings. ____________________________________________________ 43. If you experience an Amelia Bedelia moment, what would you do? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________ （五） （2025年·丰台·一模） In the digital age, technology is transforming how we communicate and interact. What were once science-fiction tech ideas are now reality. In the 2002 film Minority Report, John Anderton used a data glove, and now touch-based computing is common. Similar gaming interaction methods have appeared since 2006. These are just a taste of what’s to come. MIT computer scientist Thomas Koffler predicted that virtual touch-based computing is the future of human-computer interfaces. He also suggested that an even more exciting area of research, one that will transform how we communicate with computers over the longer term, is so-called brain-computer interface (BCI). Today’s research on BCI works on a related idea: the brain makes use of electrical signals, an electrical code, to send and process information. As the brain runs on electrical signals, assuming these can be accurately read, the signals thus allow us to communicate with external devices through the transmission of electrical impulses (脉冲) directly from the brain. In theory, it should be possible to use brain signals that move your arm and hand to control a robotic arm, e.g., to pick up a coffee cup. Research of this kind is ongoing. Cochlear implants (人工耳蜗), allowing the hard of hearing to hear, are currently the most widely available use for this technology. The principle of BCI enables brain signals to communicate with the implant, thereby overcoming the damaged part of the ear. In the future, it may be possible for implants in the brain to allow us to communicate directly with and control a wide variety of devices, using the power of thought alone. Today, computers and smartphones with fixed cameras enable real-time face-to-face chat. Next up could be telepresence robots, which let a person remotely see, move around, and interact. Ideal for tele-conferencing and remote site tours, their potential is clear. Ultimately, the driving force behind digital communication’s next stage is the cooperative intelligence that makes humans exceptional communicators. 40. According to Thomas Koffler, what will transform the way we communicate with computers over the longer term? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How do electrical signals allow us to communicate with external devices? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.  The principle of BCI enables brain signals to directly fix the damaged part of the ear. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Do you think BCI will make our lives better? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________________________________ （六） （2025年·石景山·一模） A Journey with a Painting Drone In the messy garage of their home, 16-year-old Emma stared at the pieces of her brother’s old broken drone (无人机). Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning old technology into something “magical.” While most students built simple things like solar chargers, Emma dreamed of something bigger — a drone that could paint pictures while flying! She drew designs mixing science and art — brushes attached to propellers (螺旋桨) and colours guided by GPS. Her classmates laughed, calling it a “flying junk,” but Emma kept working. One rainy afternoon, she adjusted the drone’s settings to match music. Every beat released a paint drop. The first try was a mess — bright paints spread everywhere. But Emma noticed a pattern in the chaos. After five tries, the drone danced to Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony, creating a beautiful abstract painting. Her project won the school’s top prize and even inspired local artists to use her technology for large outdoor artworks. Emma’s success wasn’t just about imagination. It teaches us three essential keys to unlocking creativity. First, balance is crucial. Creativity grows not in daydreams alone, but when wild ideas meet real-world logic. Emma didn’t just imagine a painting drone; she grounded her vision in maths and physics, calculating how to keep brushes steady mid-flight. Second, bravery grows through small steps. Early on, Emma almost abandoned her idea, fearing others would laugh. But she fought doubt by practising creativity daily. Finally, fun fuels persistence. Emma’s first test spread paints everywhere, but instead of giving up, she found joy in the chaos. Her attempts reminded her that “impossible” ideas can awaken wonder. Creativity isn’t a rare gift for the chosen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins. Most importantly, Emma’s journey mirrors a universal truth: creativity, like a child learning to walk, demands patience. Every wobble (蹒跚) and every fall is a track of progress. When we cheer for effort rather than perfection — whether for a child’s first steps or our own messy drafts — we unlock the courage to keep moving forward. 40. What task did Emma’s physics teacher give to the class? ________________________________________________________ 41. According to the author, what are the essential keys to unlocking creativity? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Emma, valuing the final result instead of small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. ________________________________________________________ 43. How do you unlock your creativity? Please give one example. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ （七） （2025年·房山·一模） Have you ever taken the time to stop and listen to nature? Deeply, quietly and patiently? If not, don’t worry. Deep listening is a skill that can be developed. To listen deeply to nature means recognizing behaviors, relationships, and interaction patterns between species and gaining insights. If you’d like to try deep listening, visit a quiet natural place, turn off your devices, and close your eyes. Extend your hearing into the landscape, focusing in all directions. At first, you’ll hear individual creatures, but soon you may notice interactions and patterns, helping you comprehend the living system as a whole. We can learn valuable lessons about cooperation and competition by deeply listening to nature. People often simplify relationships into cooperation or competition, but nature shows that cooperation plays a greater role than we think. Many species, like birds in mixed flocks (群), work together by sharing information about food and threats. This cooperation, especially when embracing diversity, is key to addressing humanity’s existential threats, which are interconnected and require collaborative (合作的) solutions. Similarly, in competitive interactions, many animals use specialized behaviors, like singing or play fighting, to negotiate rather than engage in direct competition, highlighting the importance of communication and shared respect in conflict resolution. In some countries, deep listening is even part of the education system, teaching children to understand and live with the ecological communities around them. In this education system, plants and animals are both central knowledge holders and teachers. Humans provide support for children’s learning from these knowledge holders. In this way, children come to know, understand, and care for the land. Deep listening to nature helps us appreciate and care for Earth’s ecological communities. It teaches how species adapt, survive, and thrive (茁壮成长), offering guidance for our own cultures as we face growing social and environmental uncertainty. 40. What is deep listening to nature? ___________________________________________________ 41. Why do many animals use specialized behaviors? ___________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement then underline it and explain why. In the deep listening education system, humans are the central knowledge holders and teachers. ___________________________________________________ 43. Apart from what is mentioned in this passage, what other lessons can you learn from nature? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________ （八） （2025年·门头沟·一模） Sudden changes and gradual changes affect students differently. Emotions run deep from sadness and hopelessness to hope and optimism. Whether the change is considered good or not-so-good, students are increasingly faced with the chaos, uncertainty and complexity of living in today’s world, which aren’t easy. Helping students learn and apply evidence-based skills, which improve their resilience, is at the core of preparing students for an uncertain world and helping them transform challenges into something better. Student resilience is the ability to recover from a challenge or great disaster. Being able to build this capability is complex and nuanced, but there are many science-backed ideas and strategies that help students increase their current level of resiliency. Supportive relationships are considered the number one sign of childhood resilience. The key active core ingredient for resilience is the relationships the kids have to others who care about them. Every student needs healthy and supportive relationships, especially in times of trouble or challenges, so they can feel supported and capable of beginning again, regardless of whether the problem is getting cut from their basketball team or having their school or family home burn down. Researchers concluded that transforming challenges into something positive also helps people have better control of their emotions and more positive outcomes, which lead to more resilience. Subjects who didn’t transform challenges and perceived events as negative demonstrated less emotional control and resilience in the face of challenges. Of course, there are tragedies, which are hard to transform, but most of the time, we can find something positive or constructive from a challenging situation. Say your daughter had her wisdom teeth out, and you asked her, “Is there anything good from this?” She may say, “Yes. I get two days off from school, and all the ice cream I can eat!” This is more resilient than her saying, “No. It’s terrible.” That’s not a wrong answer, but she can, little by little, learn how to transform her challenges and build that skill for her resiliency toolbox. 40. According to the passage, what’s student resilience? ______________________________________________ 41. What’s the most important sign to develop the childhood resilience? ______________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. People who transform challenges into something positive are likely to be less resilient. ______________________________________________ 43. Please share one of your own experiences about the application of resilience to your daily life.(In about 40 words) ______________________________________________ （九） （2025年·平谷·一模） Main character syndrome is a term that was born on social media to describe a mindset among people to view themselves as the lead character in their own life story. People with main character syndrome often have some apparent symbols. They often prioritize their own needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the most important, create situations to draw attention to themselves and behavior overly dramatically to fish for praises. They have a distorted view of reality, ignore or deny the consequences of their behavior. They clash with people with different perspectives or goals, as they view their storylines as the most important. They believe they deserve special attention or treatment and expect others to go out of their way to accommodate them. These have difficulty understanding or valuing the experiences and feelings of others, often showing little genuine concern for others’ problems. They often view everyone else as supporting actors. Main character syndrome isn't inherently “bad” . On the positive side, seeing oneself as the protagonist in a life story can foster a sense of purpose and motivation. It can encourage people to pursue their goals with determination and confidence. However, the negative aspects often outweigh the positives. This mindset can lead to self-centered behavior, difficulty empathizing with others, and a lack of genuine connection in relationships. Exposure to movies, TV shows, and books focusing on individualism can lead people to see their own lives in a similar light. Social media also facilitate sharing personal experiences, often placing individuals at the center of their content. This emphasis on self-presentation and pursuing likes, comments, and validation can reinforce behaviors associated with main character syndrome. Certain personality traits, such as narcissistic tendencies, can contribute to main character syndrome. People who naturally seek higher levels of admiration or have an inflated sense of self-importance may be more prone to this mindset. Low self-esteem or self-worth, potentially leads to an excessive desire for external validation. Social and environmental factors, such as family dynamics, upbringing, and social environment can also play a role. People who are constantly reinforced or encouraged to focus on themselves may develop main character syndrome. 40. What is main character syndrome? ____________________________________________________ 41. What are the obvious performances of people with main character syndrome? ____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ★People with main character syndrome often pursue their goals with determination and the negative effects are equal to the positives. ____________________________________________________ 43. What way(s) do you have to overcome main character syndrome? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________ （十） （2025年·顺义·一模） The famous marshmallow (棉花糖) test, where children were given the choice between eating one marshmallow immediately or waiting for two later, may have revealed more than just willpower — it might help explain why some people maintain sharper cognitive function as they age. A recent research suggests that the ability to delay satisfaction could help protect people from developing memory or thinking problems. Think of your brain as a muscle that gets stronger with practice. Every time you choose a long-term benefit over immediate pleasure, you’re essentially doing a mental workout. This workout engages particularly the brain area that is responsible for planning, reasoning, and controlling urges. Regularly exercising self-control may help maintain cognitive function. The science behind this connection is fascinating. When we resist immediate rewards, we stimulate “cool” regulation strategies in the rational (理性的) reasoning center of decision-making. In contrast, giving in to immediate satisfaction typically involves “hot” strategies in the brain areas associated with emotional decision-making. The more we practice using these “cool” strategies, the stronger our brain pathways become. This could help delay or prevent memory loss or thinking problems. The good news is that these skills can be developed at any age. Simple strategies like setting specific goals, creating detailed action plans, and using monitoring techniques can help. Also, physical activity plays a particularly important role. Remember, it’s never too late to start building these protective cognitive skills. The key is consistent practice and a conscious (有意识的) effort to make choices that prioritize long-term benefits over immediate rewards. 40. According to the recent research, what could the ability to delay satisfaction help? ______________________________________________________ 41. Which brain area does delayed satisfaction particularly work out? ______________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. As we grow older, we can strengthen our brain pathways that could help delay or prevent memory loss or thinking problems. ______________________________________________________ 43. Please share one of your experiences of delayed satisfaction. （In about 40words） ______________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$