专题一 名词-【中考宝典】2025年中考英语（外研版，惠州专用）

第二部分中考语法专题知识归纳 第二部分 中考语法专题知识归纳 专题一名词 知识导图 books,watches 规则变化 普通 个体名词 feet,men 可数 名词 集体名词」 不规则变化 名词 物质名词 不可数名词的判断 名词的数 抽象名词 名词的分美 some water数量 不可数 专有表示人名、地名、机构名等 表达 名词 名词 a piece of... 作主语、表语、宾语 名词在句 an hour's ride.Jim's book 名词 定语等 中的作用 Children's Day,Teachers'Day -格 of格 L注意主语与谓语的一致 a map of China厂 名词的格 用法 两点注意 2.man和woman作定语时， a friend of my father's 其单复数形式与所修饰 双重所有格 的名词的数一致 B 中考考点解读 广东省卷近5年中考统计情况 考点 中考题型 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 August,discussion, panda,picture, Monday,eggs, 听填信息 Sunday,holiday windows,team book,reports winter skills 可数名词及 其单复数 语法选择 birds 短文填空 idea invention,habit cities,answer 听填信息 不可数名词 短文填空 money water 名词所有格 语法选择 teacher's hour's look change, advantages, time,baby. job.reason, 名词辨析 完形填空 vegetables,family decision space,reply idea scientist 口中考宝典·英语（广东专用版）】 C 中考考向指引 字命题点1可数名词及其单复数 (一)可数名词单复数的规则变化（表示可以计算数目的人或物的名词称为可数名词） 变化规则 例词 一般情况在词尾加-$ pen一pens,doctor-—doctors,book-books 2 在以-s,-sh,-ch,x结尾的名词后面加-es bus-buses,dish-dishes,box-boxes 以-f或-fe结尾的 将-f或-fe变为v,再加-es knife-knives,leaf-leaves,wolf-wolves 3 名词 直接加s roof-roofs,gulf一gulfs,giraffe-一giraffes 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要将y变为i, factory-factories,country-countries, 4 再加-es family-families,story-stories 5 以元音字母加-y结尾的名词，只加-s boy-boys,day-days,toy-toys 以0结尾的名词，有生命的加-es;无生命的 tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes, 6 加-s photo→photos,zo0→zoos (二)可数名词单复数的不规则变化 形式 例词 1 单复数形式相同 sheep,fsh,deer等以及汉语中的计量单位如in,3uan,li 2 只有复数形式 glasses(眼镜)，trousers,pants,shorts,clothes(衣服) 3 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people,police,staff 部分集体名词既可作单数（整体），也可作复 4 class,family,team,group,couple 数（成员） imes(时代)，papers(文件；证件)，looks（相貌；容 5 复数形式表示特别含义 貌)，sands(沙滩)，manners(礼貌) man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese, 6 改变名词中的元音字母（或其他形式）】 tooth-teeth.mouse-mice 7 词尾发生变化 child-children,ox-oxen 主体名词变复数 girl friends,boy students,pencil-boxes 8 合成名词 两部分都变复数 women teachers,men singers 单复数同形 Chinese,Japanese.Swiss 表示国籍， 直接加-8 Germans,Americans,Australians,Canadians,Indians 即“某国人” -man,-woman结尾的， Englishman-Englishmen, 改为-men,-woen Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen 第二部分中考语法专题知识归纳 巧学妙记出 在平常的学习中，我们可以用一些耳熟能详的顺口溜巧记东西，让枯燥的学习趣味化。如： 1.有生命的且以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词变复数，常见的词尾加-es的词有4个，即tomato,potato, hero,negro,我们可以这样记： 黑人(negro)英雄(hero)爱吃西红柿(tomato)马铃薯(potato) 2.以-f(e)结尾的名词变复数，需要把-f(e)改为-v,再加-es,常见的有9个，即wife,knife,wolf,thief, shelf,self,life,half,leaf,我们可以这样记： 妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去追狼(wolf),小偷(thief)吓得发了慌；躲在架(shelf)后保己(self)命 (Iife),半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。 3.“某国人”变复数规则：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。 Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman-Frenchmen,American-Americans,German-Germans 4.由self构成的复合词，其变复数规则与self相同。如：myself-一ourselves 对点训练1 1.【2024·白银】The Communist Youth League of China(中国共产主义青年团)has around74.17 million member). 2.【2024·自贡】So far the Zigong lantern festival has reached many places in China and more than eighty country)around the world. 3.【2024·宜宾】Tony can see things more clearly now with this pair of (眼镜) 4.【2024·苏州】It's important to learn from (错误)and become stronger.. 5.【2024·广东改编】n city)like Chengdu and Beijing,thousands of people have started to join in the biking craze. ②命题点2不可数名词 不可数名 物质名词，表示无法分为个体的物质或实物。 如：water,.time,air 词的类别 抽象名词，表示品质、状态、感情等抽象的概念。 如：happiness,honesty 常见的不可数名词有music,fun,news,information,advice,weather,homework,air,money, traffic,progress等。它们不能直接和表示数字的词或a/an连用，没有复数形式。但可以 借助量词来表示数量，即“量词+名词”：little,a little,much,a large/.small amount of,a 不可数 great deal of+不可数名词；some,any,plenty of,enough,a lot of/lots of+可数/不可数名词 名词的量 :a piece of information,a glass of water,two bowls of rice 常用搭配：a piece of news/bread/meat/advice/information/chalk 常见短语：a bottle of water,a cup of coffee,a drop of water,two pieces of bread 3 中考宝典·英语（广东专用版） 对点训练2出“ )1.【2024·福建】-11 ike the in that restaurant near our school. -Me,too.They have the best cooks in our town. A.food B.service C.environment D.bread ( )2.【2024·广安】I promise I will do my best to protect you..I will produce less by using more cloth bags and china cups. A.waste B.power C.energy D.water )3.【2024·宿i迁-模】On May Day holiday,I had a terrible experience because of the heavy I was trapped for 13 hours on the highway! A.tradition B.traffic C.trouble D.treasure 4.【2024·济宁二模】Don't let out your personal (信息)online. 5.【2024·浙江三模】When you're driving in the street,read those (标志)ahead of you carefully. 6.【2024·合肥二模】Every club (成员）plays a special part in making school life fun. 7.【2024·青岛二模】I saw you put your (钥匙)in your bag.Now you can't find them? 8.【2023·达州】We may meet many challenges in our lives.When we fail,we shouldn't lose (勇气)and confidence.. 注意：有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。如： 名词 用作可数 用作不可数 名词 用作可数 用作不可数 paper 试卷；报纸 纸 light 灯 光 glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 room 房间 空间 chicken 鸡 鸡肉 orange 橘子 橘子汁 ②命题点3名词所有格（名词的所有格表示名词之间的所有关系） 类别 情况 构成方式 运用举例 单数名词 加's my dad's dog;Tom's car 以s结尾的复数名词 加· the teachers'office;her parents'bedroom s所有 不以s结尾的复数名词 加s Children's Day;people's life 格（主要 表示两人共同拥有 在最后一个名词后加's Mary and Peter's desk两人共用的书桌 表示有 Mary's and Lucy's rooms 表示两人各自拥有 在各个名词后加's 生命的 两人各自的房间 人或物 表示家、店铺等处所 所有格后名词可以省略my aunt''s(house),in the shoe's(shop) 的名词) 注意：表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，也可以用's所有格。如： today's newspaper今天的报纸；the world's biggest problem世界最大的问题；an hour's walk/ride 一小时的步行/骑车路程；eight days'holiday=an eight-day holiday八天的假期 第二部分中考语法专题知识归纳 续表 主要用于无生命的名词，如： the gate of the school学校的大门；a window of the room房间的窗户 o所有格或者是名词或名词的定语较长，如： the death of Dr.Norman Bethune诺尔曼·白求思大夫的死； the name of the boy sitting near the window坐在窗边那个男孩的名字 双重所有格的构成形式：名词+o「+名词性物主代词/名词所有格 双重所 a teacher of mine/his/hers/yours/ours/theirs 有格 some friends of my father's我父亲的几个朋友 有些名词用介词to来表示所有格。如：he key to the door,the way to school,he answer to 注意 the question 对点训练3 )1.【2024·重庆】With other help,I did very well. A.teacher B.teacher's C.teachers' D.teachers )2.【2023·凉山】-Who's the old man in blue? -He's grandfather. A.Jim and Lily B.Jim's and Lily C.Jim's and Lily's D.Jim and Lily's ( )3.【2023·衡阳】Jack is a good friend and he often comes to our home for a visit. A.of my father B.for my father C.of my father's D.for my father's 4.【2023·长春玫编】If I leave my house at9 o'clock and drive to the airport,I'll arrive at about1l.Soit's about (两小时的)drive from my house to the airport.. 5.【2024·黑龙江改编】It is reported that (30分钟的步行路程)every day is healthy enough. ②命题点4专有名词 专有名词 人名 如：Thomas,Uncle Bob 第一个字母大写，前面不加 国家、地名、河流、山川名称 如：China,Paris,Qifeng Park 有名词 the 团体、机构名称 如：Cambridge University 时间名、节假日名称 如：June,Sunday,Christmas 第一个字母大写，前面加he 由普通名词构成的专有名词 如：the Great Wall 抽象名词，表示品质、状态、感 如：happiness,honesty 情等抽象的概念 5 口中考宝典·英语（广东专用版） D 中考备考精练 ·、语法选择（话题：童话故事）】 主题 语篇类型 建议用时 实际用时 准确率 人与社会 记叙文 5 mins 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一 个最佳答案。 Long long ago,there was a queen who lived in a palace.She felt bored,so her advisor (1 to the palace to solve the queen's problem.She said,"All the things around me are too boring.I need a different kind of beauty.Let everyone know 2 I will hold a competition for the most beautiful thing in the world..And my crown(皇冠)will be given to the winner as the prize.” Several days later,lots of people came to the competition and showed their things.The queen was not satisfied with what she saw.The advisor suggested,"What you are looking for 3 be brought to you.You must look for it by 4.What about a journey?" The queen was interested 5 the idea,so she started immediately.It was 6 first time for her to leave the palace.7 she was on top of the hill near her palace,she looked down and suddenly something cried in her heart,"8 my palace is!" The queen spent one year 9.She saw beauty on the farm,in the forest and even in the stars twinkling (at night on her journey.At this moment,she suddenly understood beauty was everywhere. She should learn to face the challenges bravely.She left the pieces of her crown at different places that she had seen.As time went by,the queen's crown got smaller and smaller until nothing was left.She found 10 thing in the world at last:It was the world. ( )1.A.was taken B.took C.was taking ( )2.A.whether B.that C.what ( )3.A.must not B.must C.can not )4.A.you B.yourself C.yourselves )5.A.with B.in C.at )6.A.a B.an C.the ( )7.A.Though B.When C.If ( )8.A.What beautiful B.How beautiful C.How a beautiful ( )9.A.to travel B.travels C.travelling )10.A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.the most beautiful 6 第二部分中考语法专题知识归纳 二、短文填空（话题：手炉的历史）】 主题 语篇类型 建议用时 实际用时 准确率 人与社会 说明文 5 mins 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每 空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 月父处为处0觉觉00光地见元笑处0地%元为元地见见地0觉见地地元元元处00觉元觉觉争 8 wide the but keep example warm be make off they and story As winter comes,hands can easily get cold.Thick gloves might be a good choice.But did ancient Chinese people have to stand cold?Of course not.They had a small tool to 1. their hands from getting cold-hand warmers. We don't know the start of this tool,2.there are some stories about its invention.One folk story is about Emperor Yangdi from 3.Sui Dynasty who visited Jiangsu in the winter.The weather was very cold,so the local official asked workers to make a small warmer which helped keep the emperor's hands 4. And the hand warmer 5. created.By the Song Dynasty,the tool had been widely used.And the techniques for producing the tool were also 6. used in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Many poems or books from the Qing Dynasty recorded people using hand warmers.Take the Dream of the Red Chamber,the classic novel by Cao Xueqin as an 7. It described a girl sending a hand warmer to Lin Daiyu. Ancient hand warmers were 8. of ceramics (in different shapes.And most of 9. were in the shape of a circle or a square.Sometimes they look like pumpkins,flowers and turtle shells.Usually,inside a hand warmer,there were some coals ()They were mixed with fragrant herbs (香草)，giving 10.a pleasant smell. 7英语 参考答案 参 考 答 案 【中考备考精练】 #七_ 一、1-5 BCBBC 6-10 CACAB 主书答案 二、1.on 2. English 3.my 4. factory 5. angry 6. spent 第二部分 中考语法专题知识归纳 7. dificult 8. What 9. studying 专题一 名词 10. more 专题四 数词 【对点训练1】 1. members 2. countries 3. glasses 【对点训练1】1-2 BC 3. first 4. third 5. second 4. mistakes 5. cities 6. millions 【对点训练2】1-3 AAB 【对点训练2】1-2 BA 3. sixteenth 4. thirties 4. information 5. signs 6. member 【对点训练3】1.A 2. fifths 3. sixth 4. fifth 8. courage 7. keys 5. millions 6. hundreds 【对点训练3】1-3 CDC 【对点训练4】1-3 BDA 4. two hours' 5. 30 minutes' walk 【中考备考精练】 一.1-5CCACB 【中考备考精练】 6-10 CAABB 二.1.been 2. more 6-10 CBBCC 一、1-5 ABCBB 3.learn 4. relaxed 5. hiding 二、1. keep 2. but 3. the 6. proudly 7. you 8. asked 5. was 4. warm 6. widely 9. quarters 7. example 8. made 9. them 10. that 专题五 10.off 介词 专题二 冠词 【对点训练1】1-4CCBD 【对点训练1】1-4 BABB 5. in 6. at 7. on 8. in 9. on 5.a 6.a 7. an 8. an;a 9. a;an 【对点训练2】1-5 ADDBB 6. from 【对点训练2】1-3 CCA 【对点训练3】1. A 2. without 3. through 4. on 4. the 5. the 6. the 7. the 【对点训练4】1-6 BDADAC 【对点训练5】1-4 DBBC 【对点训练3】1.D 2.the 3./ 4./ 5./ 5. with 6. the;/7-8 BC 【对点训练6】1-3 CCB 4. to 5.by 6. in 7. with 【中考备考精练】 【中考备考精练】 6-10 BAAAA 一、1-5 ACACB 一、1-5 BCABC 6-10 ACACB 二.1. liked 二、1.having 2. friends 2.be 3. afraid 3.if 4. happily 6. help 5. teach 4. teacher 5. when 6. group 9. fewer 8.new 7. him 8. Secondly 7.me 9.# 10. with 10. after 专题三代词 专题六 形容词和副词 【对点训练1】1-3 CBA 4.us 5. them 【对点训练1】1-5CBDCC 6-8 ABB 【对点训练2】1.A 2. his 3. her 4. hers 5. his 9. friendly 10. similar 11. harmful 6. his 7. ours 8. mine 【对点训练2]1-5 ACDCB 6-9 DBDC 10. happily 【对点训练3】1-3 ABB 4. yourself 【对点训练3】1-5 BCBCA 6-7 AD 【对点训练4】1. that 2. that 3. that 4. that 8. healthier 9. more exciting 【对点训练5】1-6 BDBBDD 【对点训练4】1-4 DCBD 【对点训练6】1-4AAAC 5. happiest 6. largest 7. least 8. the longest 5. nothing 6. anything personal 【中考备考精练】 【对点训练7】1-3 BAA 一、1-5 ABBAA 6-10 CAACB