主题群6 科学与技术-【中考宝典】2025年中考英语（人教版，广东专用）

中考宝典·英语(广东专用版) 范畴二 人与社会 主题群6 科学与技术 主题语言导学 科学与技术 一科学与技术 科学 技术 科学(n.) 技术(n) 事实:真相(n.) 电影(n.) 科学家(n) 电话(n.) 宇航员(n.) 火箭(n.) 系统(n.) 汽车(n.) 实验(n.) 火车(n.) 电;电力(n.) 飞机(n.) 能;能源(n.) 轮船(n.) 光;灯(n.) 互联网(n.) 声音(n.) 电脑(n.) 力;力量(n) 机器人(n.) 重力(n) 宇宙飞船(n.) 信息(n) 创造(v.) 网络(n.) 发明(u.) 电报(n.) 可再生的(ad.) 程序(n.) 可再循环的(adi.) 理论(n.) 视觉的;可视化的(ad) 发电报(z.) 智能的(ad).) 致力于(u.) 数字的(ad.) 证明(v.) 人造卫星 174 第三部分 中考题型话题突破 续表 科学 技术 宣布(v.) 发展;成长(v.) 科学的(adj.) 怀疑(n.&v.) 研究(n.&c.) 测试(n&v.) 经典句子再现 1.(科技改变生活)但今天,我们能通过网络发送和接收照片及邮件,确实快速。 But today, 2.(科技改变生活)随着电脑和电子科技的发明,从网络上获取信息很便利。 3.(科技的优势)我们现在用来阅读它的机器非常小和轻巧,常常比一本书更小、更轻。 The machines 4.(对未来的想象)机器和机器人会做所有繁重且困难的工作,而我们只需做一些轻松且简单的工作。 Machines and robots 5.(正确使用科技)在网络上,我查找信息,做作业并查看邮件。 谚语积累 7 Science and technology is the first productive force. 科技是第一生产力。 。 Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。 3. Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。 175 中考宝典·英语(广东专用版) 时文精选 语篇类型:说明文 主题:科学与技术(人类发明与创新) Who would have thought a teenager's mobile phone could help manage his or her health by supporting a good night's sleep? Well, an app helps achieve this. Sleep Ninja, a new free app for 12-to 16-year-olds, is showing strong earlv results doing just that. It can help increase the sleeping time and reduce depression (沮丧). Doctors advise teenagers to sleep 8 to 10 hours each night. But it is difficult for them to get this. As a result, about 40 percent of all young people will experience a serious sleep problem by early high school. which increases their risk of developing mental (精神的) illnesses Werner-Seidler, a sleep expert, said those using the app set a time to be up in the morning to make it to school or other activities. From there, it works backwards deciding when they should be in bed. The app gives an alarm to start a pre-bed routine(惯例). It starts at least an hour before bed time. Part of this routine is to put the phone away, and do something more conducive to sleep. Some of this is simply to relax yourself, like having a shower, cleaning teeth and reading a book. The app also helps users reduce those repeated bad thoughts that come to mind at night. “During the test of Sleep Ninja. 90 percent of users showed some improvement in sleep difficulties and 60 percent reported improvement in sleep quality,”Werner-Seidler said. "We also saw rates(比率) of depression drop from 77 percent at the start of the study to 44 percent after using the app." )1.(新考法)What does the writer try to do in the first paragraph? A. To show his own problems. B. To question the use of phones. C. To introduce the topic of the text. D. To ask readers for some advice _ )2. What can we know about Sleep Ninja? A. It is made for kids under twelve. B. It needs to be paid before you use it. C. It helps teenagers sleep better. D. It can make kids go to bed early. )3. The underlined word "conducive" in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by" C. similar A. harmful B. helpful D. close )4.(新考法) In the last paragraph, the writer shows the effects of Sleep Ninja by A. listing numbers B. comparing differences C. giving examples D. telling stories ,_ )5. In which part of a magazine can we probably find this text? C. School. B. History. A.Education. D. Technology. Para.1 作者在第一段提出本文的话题:青少年可以通过手机来支持良好的睡眠达 篇章 到管理健康的目的。 结构 Para.2~3 这两段讲述如何通过SleepNinja这一手机应用程序来管理健康以及达 到的效果。 176 第三部分 中考题型话题突破 -课标新增词汇学习 例句:As a result, about 40 percent of all young people will experience a serious sleep problem by early high school, which increases their risk percent n.百分之..... of developing mental(精神的) illnesses. 1. It is said that we use only 10 percent of our brain. (翻译) 例句:The app gives an alarm to start a pre-bed routine(惯例). It starts at least an hour before bed time. alarmn 闹钟:警报 1. The alarm went off at 7 o'elock.(翻译) D. 使惊恐 2. The captain didn't want to alarm the passengers. (翻译) 熟词新义 熟义:n. A. 部分;B. 地区 生义:v.C.离开;分别;D. 分开 1. I hate being parted from the children. part 2. Which part of Japan do you come from? 3. We spent part of the time in the museum. 4. We parted at the airport. 备考精练 精练1 语法选择 (2024·广东中山) 语篇类型:说明文 主题:科学与技术(科学技术 “Turn left! Turn right!" In the IT class, Zhang Ruixuan was controlling a robot to move around. “This is a part of our AI courses,"said Wang Ming, 1 boy from Beijing 101 Middle School. The school provides AI classes for both junior 2 senior high school students. Apart from compulsory (必修 的) courses that teach basic knowledge, there are also optional (选修的) courses if students want to learr more. "This term, 3 have learned coding (编程) through a programming language called Python,"said Zhang. Nowadays, Python 4 in high school graduation exams in places like Beijing, Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province. In recent years, having AI education in schools 5 popular in many places. In 2020, Zhejiang Province added AI education into textbooks from Grade 5 in primary school to senior high school. In Wenzhou, the government is planning 6 1,oo0 AI experimental schools by 2025 177 中考宝典·英语(广东专用版) "With the 7 of technology, our textbooks have been changing all the time," said Shang Yin, an IT teacher from Beijing 101 Middle School." 8 typing to using Word and Excel, and then today's coding and AI, students are practising more than before." Shang believed 9 even in daily life, people might need to understand things like ChatGPT and the Internet of things. "AI education will become very 1o ," he said. He thought these courses are keeping up with the times and teaching students necessary skills. )1.A.the B.an 1 C.a )2.A.and B.or C. but )3.A.our B.us C.we )4.A.test B. is tested C. was tested ,-→__ B. became )5. A. become C. has become B. building )6. A. to build C. build _____ B. develop )7. A. developmen C. developing B. From )8. A. Under C. Without B. who )9.A.that C. how )10. A. more important B. important C. the most important 精练2 阅读理解(2024·广东佛山) 语篇类型:应用文 主题:科学与技术(人类发明与创新) Little Scientist Dancing Paper Scraps(碎纸屑) If you're looking for a fun and easy science experiment to do at home or in the classroom, the dancing paper experiment is perfect! It's a great way to learn about static electricity(静电) and how it works. It's no only simple, but also reallv fantastic! What you need: A balloon Paper scraps Aplate Instructions: Step I: Before you begin, make sure that your balloon can inflate as easily as possible and tie the end Step 2: Place the paper scraps on a plate. Step 3: Rub (摩擦) the balloon against our hair again and again Step 4: Place the balloon above the paper scraps. Result: The paper scraps start dancing in the air! Why? This means there are more positive (+) or negative(-) charges on its surface than normal. The negative charges attract the positive charges in the paper scraps, making them move towards the balloon. 178 第三部分 中考题型话题突破 Tiry this! If vou have long hair, try this with vour friends, Rub the balloon against your hair, and then hold it near your friends' hair without touching it. Their hair will stand up! _ )1. What do you need for the experiment? A. A pencil, a plate and some paper. B. A plate, a balloon and paper scraps. C. A balloon, a plate and some salt. D. A pen, a notebook and paper scraps. - )2. What should you do before you begin? A. Place the balloon above the paper scraps. B. Put the paper scraps on a plate. C. Blow up the balloon and tie the end D. Rub the balloon against our hair. ,1__ )3. What is the result of the experiment? A. The paper scraps get wet. B. The paper scraps move in cireles. C. The paper scraps disappear. D. The paper scraps dance in the air ,_ )4. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To learn about static electricity. B. To show the importance of statie electricity. C. To stay away from static electricity D. To encourage people to use static electricity. 。_ )5. Where can you read this passage? A. Ina diary. B. In a dictionary C. In a storybook. D. In a science magazine. 精练3 配对阅读(2024·广东佛山) 语篇类型:应用文 主题:科学与技术(科技与发明) 左栏是五个人对应用程序(app)的需求,右栏是七个应用程序的介绍,请为这五个人找到合适的应 用程序。 )1. Tony loves singing with A. Paper by 53 friends on weekends because he is This app is the easiest and most beautiful way to create pictures very busy on weekdays. But with on your iPad. You can create anything from sketches (素描) to the help of this app, he can do that other drawings. There is a fresh canvas (画布) ready and waiting for even during the work break. your ideas. inspiration and art. ) 2. Though Mrs Green is B. Keep quite old, she keeps walking for at This sports app can help you lose weight by providing you with least one hour every day. She likes all kinds of teaching courses. If you want to lose weight by walking this app because it can tell her how It can teach you how to walk effectively step by step, just like your many steps she walks anytime. private coach. )3. John is a hard-working C.The K student. He is good at listening and Do you like singing karaoke? Now you can do it at home! With speaking, but he doesn't do well in the K, you can be a super star anytime, anywhere. When you are written tests, including reading and singing, it records your voice. You can sing songs together with your writing. friends. Or you can compete with them. 179 中考宝典·英语(广东专用版) )4. Jenny is very talented in D. EverNote art. She likes drawing very much. In the world of note taking, EverNote is the king. It allows you Recently she tries drawing on her to create electronie files with text, photos, audio and videos. You iPad when she is free. can put the files in order, tag them and search them easily. )5. Miss Zhang works as a E. Fundubbing(配音) secretary in a big company. So this This is an English learning app. It includes many short videos. app is very helpful for her work such You can dub the videos to learn English. It increases the joy in as taking notes during the meetings learning a language. At the same time, you can improve your and sorting out different kinds of Ilistening and your spoken English files in order. F. MindSnacks This great English helper is a free app. Experts from top universities in America designed the English lessons for users. It has a number of games to build vocabulary, reading, writing, listening and conversational skills. G. Walkup How many steps did you walk today? Walkup does just mark down the number of steps you walk. Marking your travel route and every step you walk will give you the power to move ahead. 精练4 读写综合(2024·辽宁大连改编) 语篇类型:说明文 主题:科学与技术(科技与未来) A.回答问题。 请阅读下面短文,根据所提供的信息,回答五个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 Mars, Robots, Higher Prices and More What will the world look like in 2O45? I recently spoke with four American students, Caden Sorensen. Chandler Stark, Fatima Abdi and Noelani Velasco Polley, to get their thoughts on this question. In 2O45, the kids think, humans will be able to live on Mars. They suggest that evervone should spene a few years on the red planet to give the Earth a "rest". "And when we come back, we must try not to pollute as much,"says Stark. But Mars is not vet ready for human habitation (居住). The kids agree that immediate action must be taken to clean up the Earth. "It's time to fix it now," says Sorensen. "It's not going to fix itself." The kids do not just care about progress in space exploration. They are also interested in the future jobs. Stark hopes to compose (创作) music for TV shows one day. Abdi wants to be a business owner Sorensen dreams about becoming a lawver. Polley wants to be a scientist “I don't think there will be a lot of fast-food jobs." said Abdi. She also thinks that everything is going tc get a lot more expensive. "People will have to look for higher-paving jobs." Many jobs, the kids predict (预测), will be replaced by robots. "There'll be no more factory jobs because robots can just do everything," says Stark. But they believe the power to shape the future is in humar 180 第三部分 中考题型话题突破 hands. The world will be a better place, but of course, "we need to work hard, and we all need to learn to be kind to others." 1. How many kids shared their opinions about future? 2. In the kids' opinion, where will humans be able to live in 2045? 3. What is Sorensen's idea about the Earth? 4. Why does Stark say there will be no more factory jobs? 5.(开放性考法)What do you think the world will look like in 2O45? Write 30 words or more (没有标准答案,言之有理即可) B.书面表达。 假设你的好友李华上周给你写了一封信,信中分享了他上周科学课后对于人工智能(AD)的一些观 点,并表达了他对人工智能即将代替人类的担忧。请根据以下提示写封回信,并谈谈自已的看法。 要点:1.不必过分担忧; 2.AI会按照人的指令进行工作 3.AI帮助我们从事危险的工作; 4.AI可以为我们节省时间和劳动力 注意:1.词数:80词左右 2.应覆盖所有要点;可适当增加细节,使行文连贯 3.文章开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数 参考词汇:劳动力:labou Dear Li Hua. I'm glad to receive your letter and get a chance to discuss AI with you. I'm looking forward to your reply Yours. Mike 181英语参考答案 B.书而表达 精练4 My Daily Exercise A.回答问题。 I love exercising.My favourite exercise is running.Running 1.For two weeks 2.Winter parties. helps me keep fit. 3.Families and friends. 4.A gift that is useless. On school days,I run for half an hour every day after 5.Because having fun together makes family and friends closer to school.On weekends,I usually run in the park with my parents. each other. Sometimes,I go running with my friends. B.书面表达。 When we exercise,we need to pay attention to some things. Dear Jim, First,don't exercise right after meals.You may have a How are you doing?The new year is coming and the school stomachache.Second,when you have a cold,stop exercising. has decided to hold a party to welcome the new year.As the Your body needs to have a good rest.Third,if you want to take Chairman of the Students'Union,I'm writing to invite you to join up exercising as a hobby,it's better to have a partner with you. us. I hope everyone will like exercising. Here is the plan.It will be held in the Students'Meeting 主题群5历史、杜会与文化 Hall from 7:00 p.m.to9:00 p.m.next Friday.There will be 口历史与社会 wonderful performances by the teachers and students such as 历史：history;war;peace;memory;dynasty;anniversary; dancing and singing.Oh,there will be a kung fu show and times;ceremony;generation;tradition;china;emperor; Guangdong operas too.I am sure you will enjoy them.Everyone empress;spread;create;develop;ancient;cultural is looking forward to your coming and we'll be happier if you can 社会：society;government;law;rule;development; give a performance.I really hope you can accept our invitation. responsibility:spirit;relationship;resource;service; Please let me know your decision as soon as possible. population;situation;influence;experience;difference;goal; I am looking forward to your reply. condition;background;custom;manage;punish Yours, 文化：gpao;dragon;riddle;chopsticks;couplet;gunpowder; Li Hua opera;silk;tea;compass;Tai Chi;hanfu;kung fu;paper 主题群6科学与技术 cutting;lunar calender;festive lantern;printing technique;the 口科学与技术 Silk Road:Chinese painting;the Great Wall;Chinese chess; 科学：science;.truth;scientist;astronaut;system;experiment; Beijing opera;Traditional Chinese Medicine;paper-making electricity;power;light;sound;force;gravity;information; 口重点句子再现 network;telegram;program;theory;telegraph;devote;prove; 1.is one of the most famous heroes in China.He was a Canadian announce;develop;scientific;doubt;research;test doctor 技术：technology;movie/flm;telephone;rocket;car;train; 2.helped treat the wounded plane;ship:Internet;computer;robot;spaceship;create; 3.He invented special medical tools to use outside hospitals and invent;renewable;recyclable;visual;intelligent;digital; close to the fighting areas so that doctors could treat the man-made satellite wounded more quickly. 重点句子再现 4.made him a hero in China 1.we can send and receive photos and mails on the Internet,and 5.There are many books and films about him,and he is still it's really fast. remembered in both China and Canada today. 2.With the invention of the computer and electronic technology, 【时文精选】1一5 ADCAB it's easy to get information on the Interet. 课标新增词汇学习 3.we use to read it are now small and light,often smaller and ☆1.我期待看见你的演出。 lighter than a single book 2.那是法国队一次精彩的表演。 4.will do all the heavy and difficult jobs,and we'll only do light 1.old folk 2.Folk music and easy work. 熟词新义1一3DBC 5.On the Internet,I search for information,do my homework 【备考精练】 and check my email. 精练11一5 CBAAC 6-10 ABBAA 【时文精选】1-5 CCBAD 精练21-5 DABAC 课标新增词汇学习 精练31.songs2.Chinese3.his4.make ☆1.据说人只运用了大脑的10%。 5.recently 6.how 7.so 8.on 9.Although 10.teaches ☆1.闹钟在7点钟响了。2.船长不想惊动乘客。 新课标中考宝典·英语（广东专用版） 熟词新义1一4DBAC bike;truck;ship;boat;plane;airport;passenger;wheel; 【备考精练】 road;way;speed;kilometre;metre;mile;ride;fly;catch; 精练11一5 CACBC 6-10 AABAB rapidly;slow 精练21一5 BCDAD 旅行：journey;tip;tour;tourist;guide;wonder;wonderful; 精练3I一5 CGFAD tower;passport;visit;enter;symbol;interational; 精练4 experience;point;main;special;especially;exactly;general; A.回答问题。 amazing;fantastic;double;far;close;cost 1.4./Four. ?重点句子再现 2.On Mars. 1.it is not very cold but it rains a lot,so bring an umbrella. 3.It's time to fix it now.It's not going to fix itself. 2.He lives the farthest from school,so he takes the underground. 4.Because robots can do everything. 3.A journey by train is more relaxing than by couch,but a lot 5.I think the Earth will be a greener place to live.Humans care more expensive. more about the environmental protection.More trees will be 4.It's so quiet here that I can even hear the birds singing. planted around buildings.There will be less pollution.Waste 5.was surprised at;long;high will be given a second life. 6.There are;with six sides B.书面表达 7.I think the Three Gorges Dam is fantastic too. Dear Li Hua, 8.The Grand Canyon was not just big.It was huge! I'm glad to receive your letter and get a chance to discuss Al 【时文精选】1一5 BBCAD with you.I don't think you need to be too worried about it.AI 课标新增词汇学习 will never completely take the place of human beings.Instead,it ☆1.企鹅是一种不会飞的鸟。 has more advantages than disadvantages. 1.He breathed deeply before speaking again. First of all,AI can work by following orders of human 2.她呼吸很困难。 beings.If people don't want to do some dangerous jobs,they can 【备考精练】 use Al to keep workers safe.It will save us much time and 精练II一5 BBACC 6-10 DBADD labour to work with Al.As a result,people can free themselves 精练2I一5 DCBAD from work and spend more time on what they are interested in. 3 1.famous 2.of 3.size 4.come 5.protecting AI plays an important role in the fields of science and technology 6.improve 7.provides 8.and 9.waste 10.happily in China. 精练4 In my opinion,AI is a double-edged sword.Instead of A,回答问题。 worrying about its negative effects,you should learn more about 1.In Yunnan Province. 2.To discover its real beauty. how to use it properly.Do you agree? 3.Several local villagers. 4.A beautiful sunset. I'm looking forward to your reply. 5.Less tired. Yours, B.书面表达。 Mike The educational tour is a kind of school outside education, 范畴三人与自然 and we all like it.Last week,our school organized an interesting 主题群7自然生态 tour.Now I share my experience with you. 口自然环境构成 First,we got close to the nature by watching and studying s动物：animal；mouse;iger;rabbit;fox;dragon:snake; the plants and animals,and we got more knowledge from it and it monkey:bear;panda;sheep;lion;elephant;wolf;giraffe; helped us deeply understand the knowledge in our textbook. dog;cat;hen;cock;chick;pig;duck;goose;cow;horse; Then,we went to visit the places of interest and the museums, fish:bird and our lead teacher told us more about the history as we visited :plant;tree;woods;forest;leaf;bamboo;grass;flower; the museums.All of us could understand our Chinese history and fruit culture more deeply.At last,we watched some educational and 山川河流：mountain;iver;hil;hillside;canyon;peak;cave; meaningful movies.It helped us know the changes of our land;plain;ocean;beach;sea;wave;island;coast;stream; country. bank;lake I think the educational tour is very useful and necessary. 口旅游与出行 More and more schools organize this kind of activities.We all 交通工具：station;railway;train;underground;bus:ear;axi;like them 8