专题四 数词-【中考宝典】2025年中考英语（人教版，广东专用）

第二部分 中考语法专题知识归纳 专题四 数词 知识导图 1至12独立词,13至19-teen加起;1-one 整十位,以-ty结尾 构成特点 13-thirteen 20-twenty three students 三个学生 基数词 表示“数量、年份、时间、顺序”等 in 1970在1970年 用法 three hundred 30o (用单数) hundred等的形式 hunderds of数百的(用复数) 一般是“基数词+th” fourth 第四 序数词的构成 数词 表达“顺序、日期”等 序数词 the sixth day 第六天 I序数词的用法 表达分数。 two thirds 2/3, one fourth 1/4 表达时间 It's half past six.现在是六点半。 数词的应用 表达编号。 No.123第123号 的数表示法 more than forty超过四十 中考考点解读 广东省卷近5年中考统计情况 中考题型 2020 2021 2022 2023 考点 2024 eight thirty 20C seven forty five 听单句话、句子 1. 60 metres at4:30; 1. 68 metres; 听对话 for two weeks: 200 yuan 基数词 about 4 kilometres t1 at 10:00 a. m.; 听独白、短文 about 20.000 an hour a day 听填信息 at4:30 p. m. 听单句话、句子 序数词 听对话 The second turning 23 中考宝典·英语(广东专用版) 中考考向指引 ②命题点1 基数词的构成和基本用法 (一)基数词:表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。 7-seven 1-one 13-thirteen 19-nineteen 70-seventy 20-twenty 2-two 8-eight 14-fourteen 80-eighty 9-nine 3-three 15-fifteen 30-thirty 90-ninety 4-four 10-ten 16-sixteen 40-forty 100-one hundred 5-five 17-seventeen 11-eleven 50-fifty 1.0o0-one thousand 6-six 12-twelve 18-eighteen 60-sixty 1,000,0o0-one million 观察上面表格我们可看出: (1)1-12的基数词是独立的单词,13-19的基数词以-teen结尾,20-90的整十位均以-ty结尾。 (2)十位数与个位数之间要加连字符“-”,百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and。onehundred and twenty-one (3)hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的数词,也不能在它 们的后面加-s。 (4)1,000以上的数字,从后往前数,每三位加一个逗号“,”;第一个逗号前为千(thousand),第二个逗 号前为百万(million),第三个逗号前为billion(十亿). (5)英语中没有“万”这个词,我们可以用“几十个千(thousand)”表示几万,“几百个千(thousand)”表 示“几十万”。 (二)基数词的用法 基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。如: Thetwohappilyopenedthebox,两个人高兴地打开了盒子。(作主语 I needthree altogether. 我总共需要三个。(作宾语) Four students are plaving vollevball outside.四个学生在外面打排球。(作定语) We are sixteen.我们是16个人。(作表语) Theythreetriedto finish the taskbefore sunset. 他们三个人尽力在日落前完成任务。(作同位语) 应命题点2-序数词:表示顺序的数词叫序数词 (一)序数词的构成 (1)序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词词尾加-th构成,如:fourth,tenth。但以下基数词变为序数词 时,有特别之处。如:one-first, two-second. three-third.five-fifth.nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth (2)以-ty结尾的单词,要先变y为i,再加-eth。如:thirty-thirtieth,fifty-fiftieth (3)以one,two,three等结尾的多位数词,只将个位数变成序数词。如:twenty-one-twenty-first,one hundred and one-one hundred and first 24 第二部分 中考语法专题知识归纳 具体变化如下表所示: 数字 基数词 数字 序数词 基数词 序数词 基数词变序数词记忆口诀 30 first thirty 1 one thirtieth 40 2 forty two second fortieth 基变序,有规律,末尾加上-th;“一、 五5语分语3) 3 three third fifty fiftieth 二、三”特殊记,结尾字母tdd(即first five ,C fifth sixty second,third);“八”减t.“九”减e.f ight sixtieth 要把-ve替(five-fifth),-ty把y变 8 seventy eighth seventieth ine 成i.记住th前有个e(sixty一 9 ninth eighty eightieth 90 sixtieth)。如果遇到几十几,只变个位 12 ninety twelve twelfth ninetieth 就可以。 20 twenty 96 twentieth ninety-six ninety-sixth (二)序数词的缩写形式 有时,序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。如 second-2nd first-1st third-3rd fourth-4th sixth-6th twentieth-2Oth twenty-third-23rd 其中1st.2nd.3rd为特殊形式,其他的都是在阿拉伯数字后加-th. (三)序数词的用法 序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。如 The secondiswhat Ireallyneed.第二个是我真正需要的。(作主语) He choosesthe second.他挑选了第二个。(作宾语) We are to carry out the first plan.我们将执行第一个计划。(作定语) She is the second inour class. 在我们班她是第二名。(作表语) 注意:序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词the;但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示 “再一;又一”。如: We'llgo over ita secondtime.我们得复习第二遍。 We've tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time?我们已经试过三遍了,还必须再试一次(第四次)吗? 另外,基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可,不需添加定冠词。如 the first lesson→Lesson One the fifth page→Page 5(Five) the twenty-first room→Room 21(Twenty-one) 其中1st.2nd,3rd为特殊形式,其他的都是阿拉伯数字。 对点|ll练1. )1.【2024·白银】June is the __ month of a year. A.fifth B. sixth C. seventh D. eighth )2.【2024·东营】Iam child in my family. I have an elder brother and a younger sister. B. thefirst C. the second A.one D. the third 3.【2024·贵州改编】The (第一个) tennis match was at Wimbledon, London in 1877. 1中考宝典·英语(广东专用版) 4.【2024·揭阳二模改编】CaoZhi.the ( three) son of Cao Cao, was a famous poet. 5. 【2024· 宜宾改编】You can choose a quiet car when you buy your train ticket on the website 12306. cn You can ask for a quiet seat in the (two)class(等级). 6. 【2024·湛江二模改编】It was such a huge success that now (million) of people join in Earth Day to learn and do things that help with environmental protection. ②命题点3数词的应用 (一)时刻的表示法 小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。 表达方式 时间 读法 示例 整点 基数词(+o'clock) 9:00-nine(o'clock) _读法 几点几分 钟点数(+o)+分钟数 9:05-nine(o) five 几点几十分 钟点数+分钟数 9:40-nine forty 二30分钟 分钟数(+minutes)past+钟点数 9: 10-ten (minutes) past nine >30分钟 到下一个钟点所差的分钟数 逆读法 9. 50-ten (minutes) to ten (+minutes)+to+下一个钟点数 30分钟 half past+钟点数 9:30-half past nine 说明 使用逆读法时,15分、45分可以用aquarter表示。如:9:45 aquarter to ten (二)年月日的表示 (1)“年份”用基数词,如: 1999 年-nineteen ninety-nine.19oo 年-nineteen hundred 2000 年-( the year) two thousand, 1905 年-nineteen o five (2)“年”用基数词,“日”用序数词。如: 1998年6月8日写作:June8,1998; 读作:June the eighth, nineteen ninety-eight 或 the eighth of June, nineteen ninety-eigh (三)世纪、年代表示法 表示法 示例 (1)世纪可以用定冠词加序数词加世 the sixth(6th)century公元六世纪 纪century表示,也可以用定冠词加 the eighteenth(18th)century公元十八世纪 百位进数加s表示。 the 1900's二十世纪 the1600's十七世纪 注意:这里,用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪。 in the 1930's, in the thirties of the twentieth century/in the (2)年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世 nineteenthirties在二十世纪三十年代 纪加十位整数的复数形式构成。 in the 1860's, in the sixties of the 19th century/in the eighteen sixties在十九世纪六十年代 26 第二部分 中考语法专题知识归纳 (四)加减乘除表示法 (1)“加”用plus,and或add表 Two plus three is five. /Two and three is equal to five. /Two and three 示;“等于”用is,make或equal make five. /Two added to three equals five./If we add two to/and three. 等词表示。 weget five.二加三等于五。 -How much is ten minus six?十减去六是多少? (2)“减”用minus表示。 -Ten minus six is four.十减去六等于四。 (3)“乘”用times表示 Three times four is/are twelve.三乘以四等于十二。 Sixteen divided by four is four. /Sixteen divided by four equals/gives/ (4)“除”用divided表示 makes four.十六除以四等于四。 (五)分数、小数、百分数的表达 分子用基数词,分母用序数词 1/3 one third,1/9 one ninth 分子大于“1”,分母则加“s” 2/3 two thirds. 7/8 seven eighths (1)分数的表达 1/2 a(one) half 一些特殊的词 1/4 one fourth或a (one) quarter 3/4 three fourths 或, three quarters 表示小数的词用基数词,小数点读 7. 05 seven point o five (2)小数的表达 point,0读o或zero,小数点后的数 3. 14159 three point one four one five nine 字按个位基数词依次读出即可 表示百分数,百分数由“基数词+ 5o% fifty percent (3)百分数的表达 percent”表示 0. 8% zero point eight percent (六)“在某人几十几岁”表示法 用整十基数词的复数形式。如:inhisthirties在他三十几岁时 (七)编号的表示 Lesson One =the first lesson 第一课,Line Three =the third line 第3列 Bus No.3=the No.3 bus 3 路公共汽车 表示住所时不用“No.”。如:302房间Room302(读作:roomthreeo two) 如果编号的数词比较长,一般用基数词的数字形式。如:Page457第457页 电话号码,用基数词。如:3855-637 three eight five five(double five)six three sever 对点l练2. _ )1.【2023·青岛一模】According to the survey,about of the students in our class stay at home on weekends. B. three fifths C. third fives A. three fives D. third fifths 27 中考宝典·英语(广东专用版) )2.【2024·凉山州】-Look at the triangle on the right, if AC=3, BC=4, how long is AB? -It's # A.five B. seven C. twelve D. nine 3.【2024·杭州二模】Only bovs attendedschool in the (sixteen) century. 4. 【2024· 深圳二模】It tells the story of an overweight and depressed woman in her (thirty) who doubts about herself and her future. ②命题点4:基数词与序数词的其他用法 其他用法 示例 “基数词+单数名词+形容词”构成合成 a five-vear-oldboy一个五岁的男孩 1 形容词 an 800-meter-long bridge一座800米长的桥 My home is five kilometres away from our school 基数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)+ 我家到我们学校有5千米。 2 long/high/tall/deep/away 等 The Yangtze River is 6,300 kilometres long 长江长6300千米。 hundred.thousand.million等表示数量的词 两千人two thousand people 前面如有基数词,用来修饰后面的名词表 3 三百米 three hundred metres 示精确数量时,本身不用复数形式。但是 hundredsof数百的或成百上千的 在表示含糊数量时,要用复数形式,并要与 thousandsof数千的或成千上万的 of连用 序数词在使用时,一般在其前面加定冠词 the first time第一次 the或物主代词等限定词 his secondson他的第二个儿子 如果序数词前加不定冠词a/an,则表示 I've tried twice.And I want a third try.我已经试过两 1 次了,还想再试一次。 One third of the students in our class have been to the 分数作主语时,谓语动词要根据分数后的 Great Wall. 6 名词来确定,如果是不可数名词就要用单 我们班三分之一的学生去过长城。 数,是可数名词则用复数 Four fifths of the water is drunk by the children. 五分 之四的水被孩子们喝了。 the+序数词+最高级+名词+in/of+比 The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China. , 较范围 长江是中国的第一长河。 28 第二部分 中考语法专题知识归纳 对点训练3 )1.【2023·鞍山】-Did you watch the second“Tiangong lecture”(天宫课堂) onMarch 23, 2022? -Yes, about two students in our school watched it A. thousand B. thousands of C. million D. millions of 2. 【2023 · 达州】A research shows that three (five) of the students like going hiking on weekends. 3. 【2024·深圳】It was the team's (six) win in a row and his second time winning the first prize 4.【2024·河北改编】LinFang was the (five) one in a line. 5.【2024·绍兴二模】It attracts (million) of tourists around the world. Today, let's learn more about the Ice and Snow Festival. 6. 【2024·温州三模】The Oxford English Dictionary has ( hundred) of Chinese words in Pinyin, such as wanggou for"shopping online". 应命题点5 熟记一些重要的表达 1. in one's twenties 6. one and a half hours = one hour and a half 在某人二十多岁时 一个半小时 2. in the nineties 7. two more hours = another two hour 在九十年代 再两个小时 3. an 11-year-old boy 8. a ten-minute walk = ten minutes' wall 一个十一岁的男孩 步行十分钟的路程 4.a20-meter-tall tree一棵20米高的树 9. one or two days=a day or two一两天 5. half an hour 半个小时 10. every other day三every two days每隔一天/每两天 对点|ll练4. ,_ )1.【2024·缓化】An boy, Li Wen, works hard and gets good grades in his final exam A. eighteen-year-olds B. eighteen-vear-old C. eighteen years old D. eighteen-vear olds )2. 【2023· 巴南】-Will you be free this weekend? -No. I have to write a article. A. three-thousand-words B. three-thousands-word C. three-thousands-words D. three-thousand-word ,_ )3. 【2023·哈尔滨】-The Forbidden City is surrounded by a small canal. Do you know the width of the canal? -They say that it is A. 52 meters wide B. 52-meter-wide C. 52 meters long D. 52-meter-long 29 中考宝典·英语(广东专用版) 中考备考精练 一、语法选择(话题:登山) 主题 语篇类型 建议用时 实际用时 准确率 人与自我 说明文 6mins 请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一 个最佳答案。 One of the world's most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and 1 for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises 2 and is the most famous. It is 3 and so it is very dangerous to climb. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even 4 serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 5 people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary 6 , 1953. The first Chinese team did so 7 , while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main reasons 8 that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never 9 trying to achieve our dreams. It also shows that humans can sometimes be 10 than the forces of nature _ )1. A. the most popular places B. one of the most popular place C. one of the most popular places )2.A.higher B. high C. the highest -_ )3. A.8.848. 86 meters high B.8.848. 86-meters-high C.8.848. 86-meters high )4.A.many B.much -1础 C. more )5.A.First B. The first *_ C. The one ,_ )6.A.inMay 29 B. in29,May C. on May 29 ,_ )7.A.in 1960 B.in1960s C.on 1960s B. were ,_ )8.A.is C. was _△,_ B. give up )9.A.gives up C. gave up )10.A. strong B. stronger C. the strongest 30 第二部分 中考语法专题知识归纳 二、短文填空(话题:通过折纸了解数学 主题 语篇类型 实际用时 建议用时 准确率 人与社会 记叙文 7mins 请从方框内选择适当的词,并根据需要用其正确形式填空,使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意:每 空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。 be ask wise only relax proud you that hide much learn quarter "You must be Alex," said a girl, offering her hand. Surprised, Alex quickly put the folded paper behind his back The girl continued, "I'm Sophia. I have 1. in Smart Start Group for a year. You're welcome." "Glad to meet you."Alex tried to put himself at ease. "Could you tell me a little 2. about yourself? What do you like to do? What would you love t do here?" "I want to3. anvthing but math!"Alex replied "Well, I guess that's why you're here," Sophia said with a laugh. "I used to hate math, too." Alex realized that Sophia was trying to make him feel 4. ."What made you start to like it?" he asked politely. “Things in our life are all about math. Hey, may I have a look at what you are 5. ?What is it?”she joked. “It's nothing yet, but soon it will be.”Alex explained. Then, he folded and creased(压褶)."A crane!"he said. showing his work 6. “That's cool!" Sophia said, giving attention to the folds. "Do you mind if I take it apart?" Alex showed that he didn't care. Sophia unfolded each step of the paper crane. "Don't you see? What you have here is math, right in front of 7. !"Sophia spread the paper with her hands. “Do your first fold." she ordered, and Alex did what he was 8. to do. "You began with a square, and created two rectangles. And you have a fraction(分数), too-one half! Fold it again... and now you have four 9. !" Sophia pointed to the top fold. "What fraction does this piece stand for?" “One quarter?" "Right! Get out some more paper, and let's do some geometry(几何)." It would be a thing 10. was expected to happen if math study was going to be paper-folding, Alex thought. He hoped it could be a Smart Start 31英语参考答案 参 考 答案 【中考备考精练】 一、I—5 BCBBC 6-10 CACAB 主书答案 二、1.om 2.English 3.my 4.factory 5.angry 6.spent 第二部分中考语法专题知识归纳 7.difficult 8.What 9.studying 10.more 专题一名词 专题四数词 【对点训练1】 1.members 2.countries 3.glasses 【对点训练1】1一2BC3.first4.hird5.second 4.mistakes 5.cities 6.millions 【对点训练2】1一3AAB 【对点训练2】1-2BA3.sixteenth4.thirties 4.information 5.signs 【对点训练3】1.A2.fihs3.ith4.f6fh 6.member 7.keys 5.millions 6.hundreds 8.courage 【对点训练3】1-3CDC 【对点训练4】1一3BDA 4.two hours' 5.30 minutes'walk 【中考备考精练】 【中考备考精练】 一、1-5 CCACB 6-10 CAABB 一、1-5 ABCBB 6-10 CBBCC 二、l.been 2.more 3.learn 二、l.keep 2.but 3.the 4.relaxed 5.hiding 6.proudly 4.warm 5.was 6.widely 7.you 8.asked 9.quarters 7.example 8.made 9.them 10.that 10.off 专题五 介词 专题二冠词 【对点训练1】1一4CCBD 【对点训练1】14BABB 5.in 6.at 7.on 8.in 9.on 5.a 6.a 7.an 8.an;a 9.a;an 【对点训练2】1一5 ADDBB6.fom 【对点训练2】1一3CCA 【对点训练3】1.A2.without3.through4.om 4.the 5.the 6.the 7.the 【对点训练4】16 BDADAC 【对点训练3】1.D2.he3./4./5./ 【对点训练5】1一4DBBC5.wih 6.the;7-8 BC 【对点训练6】1一3 CCB 4.to 5,by 6.in 7.with 【中考备考精练】 【中考备考精练】 一、1-5 ACACB 6-10 BAAAA -、15 BCABC 6-10 ACACB 二、l.having 2.be 3.afraid 二、l.liked 2.friends 3.if 4.teacher 5.when 6.help 4.happily 5.teach 6.group 7.me 8.Secondly 9.fewer 7.him 8.new 9.a 10.with 10.after 专题三代词 专题六形容词和副词 【对点训练1】1-—3CBA4.us5.hem 【对点训练1】1一5 CBDCC68ABB 【对点训练2】l.A2.his3.her4.hes5.his 9.friendly 10.similar 11.harmful 6.his 7.ours 8.mine 【对点训练2】1-5 ACDCB69DBDC10.happily 【对点训练3】1一3ABB4.yourself 【对点训练3】1一5 BCBCA6-7AD 【对点训练4】1.that2.hat3.that4.hat 8.healthier 9.more exciting 【对点训练5】16 BDBBDD 【对点训练4】1一4DCBD 【对点训练6]1一4AAAC 5.happiest 6.largest 7.least 8.the longest 5.nothing 6.anything personal 【中考备考精练】 【对点训练7】1一3BAA 一、1—5 ABBAA 6-10 CAACB