Unit 5 First Aid Reading and Thinking 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Unit 5 First Aid Reading and Thinking 1 Phrases: sense of touch; electric shock 1 Read about the first aid for burns and a story about an emergency situation 2 3 Words: technique; organ; toxin; ray; radiation; acid; minor; layer; electric ; victim 2 Work in groups. Discuss the questions. Lead in What is the person doing in the photo? 3 1 Before you read, discuss these questions in groups. 1 What first-aid techniques do you know of? 2 If someone you know suffered a burn, what would you do? The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun’s rays. It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. CAUSES OF BURNS You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals. FIRST AID FOR BURNS 5 First-degree burns dry, red, and mildly swollen mildly painful turn white when pressed Second-degree burns red and swollen; blisters; watery surface extremely painful Third-degree burns black and white swollen; the tissue underneath can often be seen little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be painful around the edges of the burn TYPES OF BURNS Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. First-degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of skin. These bums are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. Second-degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include bums caused by hot liquids. Third-degree burns These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once. CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS 1 Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling. 2 Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. 3 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 4 Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 5 If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe. 6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. FIRST-AID TREATMENT 7 advertisement blog post hospital leaflet email newspaper article short story 2 Look through the text and identify its style and language features. Then circle its text type from the list below. 8 1 Your skin gives you protection from many dangerous things. T□ F□ 2 A first-degree burn has this name because it is the most serious. T□ F□ 3 Second-degree bums can be the most painful kind of burn. T□ F□ 4 It is important to use cool water to stop the heat from remaining in the T□ F□ wound regardless of the degree of the bum. 5 Putting butter or oil on burns helps because it may reduce swelling and T□ F□ ease discomfort. 3 Read again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F). √ √ √ √ √ 4 Complete the table to summarise the information about first aid for burns. The top few millimeters every layer below the top layer tissues swollen painful white blisters watery painful the tissue underneath nerves cool running water dry remove cover breathe hospital General statement Detail 2 Detail 1 Types of burns Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. ◎ First-degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. ◎ Second-degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include burns caused by hot liquids. ◎ Third-degree burns These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once. Detail 3 How many types of burns are there? And what are they? A C Part.3 Type Effect Example First- degree burns Go below the top layer of the skin. Burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. Affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. Second-degree burns Third- degree burns mild sunburn, burns caused by other minor household incidents burns caused by hot liquids Affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. First-degree burns dry, red and mildly swollen mildly painful turn white when pressed Second-degree burns red and swollen blisters watery surface extremely painful Third-degree burns black and white swollen; the tissue underneath can often be seen little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be painful around the edges of the burn. General statement Detail 2 Detail 1 Characteristics of burns Detail 3 Part.4 1 Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling. 2 Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. 3 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 4 Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 5 If bums are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe. 6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. General statement First-aid treatment Detail 1 Detail 2 Detail 3 Detail 4 Detail 5 Detail 6 Part.5 Retell the parts according to the mind map by groups. 1. The functions of the skin if your skin gets burned 2. Causes of burns 3. Types of burns 4. Characteristics of burns 5. First aid treatment First Aid for Burns 1 act as … against … 2 keep … warm or cool 3 prevent … from 4 give … sense of touch hot liquids, steam, fire, … First degree burns … Second degree burns … Third degree burns … remove, cool, place, squeeze, dry, cover, keep, get … General Statement Details 3 2 1 Textual Pattern Analysis General-Particular pattern Conclusion/ Comment Pragmatic Analysis Pragmatic Analysis What’s the writing purpose? To inform readers of first aid for burns. Readers who need first aid knowledge Who is the passage written for? Learn to master the first-aid techniques What’s the author’s attitude? Topic-related Lexis Topic-Related LEXIS The fountions of skin Causes of burns Types of burns an essential part largest organ act as a barrier help control prevent…from sense of touch 1 get burnt a variety of things hot liquids radiation acids… 2 three types of burns depend on the top layer serious take a few weeks to get better go to hospital at once 3 Characteristics of burns mildly swollen mildly painful blisters extremely painful tissue can often be seen 4 First-aid treatment for burns under cool running water dry the burnt area gently remove any clothes cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth take her/him to the hospital 5 20 Critical thinking Food for Thought How are people most likely to get burnt? What steps can be taken to help prevent these burns? _______ clothing Remove _______ burns Cool _______ cloths Place ______ burns Dry ______ with a bandage Cover ______ to the hospital Get Creative thinking What other advice do you know of about first aid for burns? Is it good advice or bad advice? Why? Reflection Topic First aid for burns General-Particular Pattern Textual Pattern Pragmatic Analysis Topic-Related Lexis My harvest 23 语法填空 （根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文） 　　The skin，which acts as a barrier against disease，toxins and the sun’s 1　　　（ray），is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. So if your skin gets 2　　　（burn），it can be very serious. The cause of burns can be a 3　　　 （vary） of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，acids and so on. 　　Depending on the 4　　　（deep） of skin damage, they are called first, second or third-degree burns. First-degree burns affect only the top few millimetres of skin and it turns white 5_________　　　　pressed. Second-degree burns go below the top layer of the skin，6　　　 　（include） burns caused by hot liquids. Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin，and sometimes the tissue 7　 　　　it，which causes little or no pain if nerves 8　 　　　（damage）. 　　We should do some first aid if burns happen. If the burns are slight，place burns under cool running water，which can stop the burning process and reduce the pain and swelling. If the burns are severe，remove any clothes using scissors unless it is stuck 9　　the burn. If the victim is suffering badly，there is an urgent need 10　　　　（take） him/her to the hospital at once. rays burnt variety depth when/if including under/underneath　 to are damaged to take Consolidation 1.Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun’s rays. 你的皮肤作为一个屏障来抵御疾病，毒素和太阳的光线。 2.As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 正如你想象的那样，烧伤可以导致很严重的受伤。 3.Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. 烧伤被分为三类，取决于皮肤受伤的深度。 4.These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once. 这些烧伤可以导致很严重的内部伤害所以受害者必须立即去医院。 Translation 5.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 若果有必要的话，用剪刀除去粘在伤口上的任何衣服。 6.If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. 若果受害者正在遭受二度和三度烧伤，急需立即把患者送往医院。 Translation 1.烧伤的急救__________________ 2.必不可少的部分___________________ 3.作为抵御…的屏障__________________ 4.需数周痊愈 5.防止…做… __________________ 6. 被分成… 7.触觉 _________________ 8.烧伤的治疗 __________________ 9.各种各样的东西________________ 10.轻度晒伤 ___________________ Phrases first aid for burns an essential part act as a barrier take a few weeks to get better prevent… from doing be divided into a sense of touch the treatment of burns a variety of things mild sunburn 11.需数星期才能痊愈 ______________ 12.烧伤的特性_________________                                    13.微肿/痛_________________ 14.清凉的自来水__________________ 15.阻止烧伤的进程__________________ 16. 粘贴 17.引起感染 __________________ 18.把患者送到医院 _________________ 19. 对…的急救治疗___________________ 20.把…覆到…_________________ Phrases 11. take a few weeks to get better 12. characteristics of burns 13.mildly swollen/ painful 14.cool running water 15.stop the burning process 16.stick to 17.cause infection 18.take him/her to the hospital 19.first-aid treatment 20.apply…to… Ⅰ 阅读理解 （根据课文内容选择正确答案） 1. How to judge first，second，or third-degree burns according to the text? A. See whether the burns are dry，red or mildly swollen. B. Depend on whether the burns are red or swollen. C. Depend on which layers of the skin are burned. D. Depend on whether the tissue under the burns can be seen. 2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for cooling burns? A. Stopping the burning process. B. Reducing the pain. C. Reducing the swelling. D. Preventing breaking any blisters. ○ ○ 附：课文预习自测 3. If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white，it belongs to 　　　　. A. the first degree B. the second degree C. the third degree D. none of the above 4. What’s the main idea of the text? A. The burns and the first aid treatment. B. How to carry out the first aid for burns. C. The function of the skin. D. The characteristics of burns. ○ ○ THE END $$