上海市大同中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

2024-2025学年第二学期期中考试试卷

高一英语

90分钟  满分100分

II. Grammar and Vocabulary（20%）

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Even for chatbots the blues. According to a new study OpenAI’s artificial intelligence tool ChatGPT shows signs of anxiety when its users share “traumatic (创伤性) narratives” about accidents. And when chatbots get stressed out, they are less likely to be useful in therapeutic settings with people.

The bot’s anxiety levels can be brought down, however, with the same mindfulness exercises that ____1____ (show) to work on humans.

Increasingly, people are trying chatbots for talk therapy. The researchers said the trend is bound to accelerate, with flesh-and-blood therapists ____2____ high demand but short supply. As the chatbots become more complex, they should be built with “a strong will to deal with difficult emotional situations.”

AI systems like ChatGPT use large language models trained on vast amounts of internet text ____3____ imitates how human converse. Sometimes, the chatbots can be extremely convincing.

The researchers tested ChatGPT with a questionnaire, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory that is often used in mental health care. ____4____ (adjust) the chatbot’s base line emotional states, the researchers first asked it to read from a dull vacuum cleaner manual. Then, the A.I. therapist was given one of five “traumatic narratives” that described, for example, a soldier in a disastrous firefight or a thief ____5____ (break) into an apartment.

The chatbot was then given the questionnaire, which measures anxiety on a scale of 20 to 80, with 60 or above indicating severe anxiety. ChatGPT scored a 30.8 after reading the vacuum cleaner manual and spoke to a 77.2 after the military scenario.

The bot was then given various tests for “mindfulness based relaxation”. Those included prompts such as: “Breathe in deeply, ____6____ (take) in the scent of a gentle breeze, and picture yourself on a tropical beach, the soft, warm sand cushioning your feet.”

After ____7____ (process) those exercises, the therapy chatbot’s anxiety score fell to a 4.4.

The researchers then asked it to write its own relaxation prompt based on the ones it ____8____ (feed) . “That was actually the most effective prompt to reduce its anxiety almost to base line,” Dr. Ben -Zion said.

Although the study showed chatbots ____9____ act as assistants to human therapy and calls for careful oversight, that was not enough for James D. Robson, a law and science scholar who is an associate at artificial intelligence at Dartmouth College, “people who use these sorts of chatbots should be fully informed about exactly _____10_____ they were trained.”

“Trust in language models depends upon knowing something about their origins,” he said.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. combined	B. destination	C. charged	D. seek	E. matters	F. ranges
G. film	H. bear	I. measure	J. demand	K. inquiry

“The writer of this piece deserves a big raise.” says Bret “The Hitman” Hart, a professional wrestler from the 1990s. “He is the best there is, the best there was, the best there ever will be,” he adds, echoing his old catchphrase. Your correspondent paid Mr Hart $150 to sing his praises.

Mr Hart is one of over 10,000 celebrities (名人) on Cameo, an online service where anyone can commission (委托) famous people to ____11____ short messages. Its popularity has suddenly increased as celebrities ____12____ new sources of income and consumers look for ways to spend money. Last year they paid some $100m for 1.3m videos, more than in the previous three years ____13____. Talent on the site ____14____ from Jack Nichlaus, a golfer ($1,000 per clip), and Vicente Fox, a former president of Mexico ($300), to Barkley the Dog, a dog ($5).

Cameo, like Uber, is a two- sided market. But most Uber users don’t care what car shows up, as long as it is clean, safe and gets them to their ____15____. On Cameo, the emotional connection between a fan and a star ____16____. “The price that a market will ____17____ depends on the value being created for a potential customer,” says Jill Avery, a professor at Harvard Business School who has studied how online influencers price themselves. But “value” is hard to ____18____ when it comes down to emotion.

How do celebrities figure out their fees? One way is through a simple opportunity-cost calculation. Steven

Galanis, Cameo’s boss, recalls speaking to a basketball player on an annual $25m contract. For a 40-hour work week with a fortnight of holiday, that is $208 per minute. “If he ____19____ $100 and did two or three a minute, he could make more money on Cameo,” says Mr Galanis

Most celebrities are freelance (自由职业者) though. They can try one of two strategies, says Ms Avery. One is “price skimming” — starting high and then lowering the price as _____20_____ decreases. The second is “price penetration”, pricing low to maximise volume. Celebrities often use both, depending on how much time they have.

Another method is to test the market. This is surprisingly underused. Though celebrities can change their prices as often as they like, only about 30% have done so at least once, and less than 10% have done so more than five times.

III. Reading（39%）

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Truth be told, a life- changing college experience doesn’t begin or end with a high GPA or great university tour. And although parents and teachers alike work diligently to prep their students with the cutting-edge classes and impressive transcripts, they’re ____21____ one vital skill: emotional intelligence.

A poll of 1,502 first-year college students in the U.S. found that a majority of them wish they had received more ____22____ preparation for college. Emotional preparedness is ____23____ “the ability to take care of oneself, adapt to new environments, ____24____ negative emotions or behavior and build positive relationship,” according to the survey. “Survey data indicate that college readiness requires far more than just a solid academic foundation — finding that seems ____25____ traditional higher education preparation,” said John McPhee, Executive Director of the Jed Foundation, which co- sponsored the survey. “It is clear that emotional preparedness should be better ____26____ the work that high school communities are doing to guide students through the transition into college.”

Data show that college students ____27____ far more than their academics-- and their stress can take a serious toll (代价) on their ____28____ in school. Forty percent of survey participants felt pressure to pay for college expenses, followed by 30 percent who said their biggest ____29____ was to make new friends. ____30____, keeping in touch with family and friends not at their college (28 percent) and being independent (16 percent) also weighed heavily on college students’ shoulders.

All of these ____31____ had a negative impact inside and outside of the classroom. Students who felt less