专题03 阅读理解之说明文 【名校好题期末必刷12篇】-备战2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期末真题分类汇编（江苏专用）

专题03 阅读理解之说明文 （一） 【来源】 江苏省淮安市淮安区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Hanfu fashion has become more and more popular with young people. China has followed Western fashion designs in recent years, but a growing number of young people are now looking to the past for fashion ideas. If you look closely around your city, you might notice hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han dynasty. In a recently published report by an online shopping platform, about 2 million hanfu clothes were sold in 2020, nearly 4 times as many as those sold in 2019. Most of the buyers are between 19 and 24 years old. But why has this traditional clothing become popular with young Chinese people? For some of them, it’s a costume for relaxation. Dafan, a 24-year-old college student, told CGTN that dressing in hanfu is a way for her to get away from the troubles of real life. Modern clothing, on the other hand, represents the identity (身份) people need to show every day. “Hanfu and modern clothing help me to show the different sides in me,” she said. Other teenagers like hanfu because of the culture behind it. They see it as a way to reconnect (再连接) with traditions. Its wide sleeves, crossed collars (领口) and flowing robes (飘逸的长袍) bring people back to ancient times. “Hanfu is the symbol (象征) of the Chinese traditional culture.” Nanhe, a 21-year-old costume studio owner, told CGTN. 1．Hanfu appeared (出现) in China ________. A．in 2018 B．in Tang Dynasty C．in 2019 D．in Han dynasty 2．According to the passage, about ________ Hanfu clothes were sold in 2019. A．600,000 B．500,000 C．2,000,000 D．8,000,000 3．Who likes to buy Hanfu best? A．Students from 4 to 15 years old. B．Teenagers from 13 to 19 years old. C．Adults between 30 and 50 years old. D．People between 19 and 24 years old. 4．The underlined phrase “wide sleeves” means ________. A．宽大的衣袖 B．鲜艳的色彩 C．漂亮的丝带 D．纤细的腰围 5．Which paragraph tells why Hanfu is popular? A．①②③ B．②④⑤ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤ （二） 【来源】江苏省泰州市泰兴市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 Do you sometimes feel left alone? Teenagers need to feel like they are members of a group. Just having to eat alone in the dining hall is enough to make them feel worried. They are afraid of being called a “loner (独来独往的人)”. But being a loner doesn’t always mean being strange or disliked. In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people who think about being alone to be a part of everyday life. In South Korea, there are a growing number of people who describe themselves as “honjok”. These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves. In Japan, people have had a strong loner culture over the years. There are solo (单人的) cafes and solo KTVs. The restaurants for solo diners are especially popular. There are boards between two seats in a line against the wall. Diners can’t see the faces of other people. Knowing that you are not the only loner may make you feel better. But more importantly, you can try to find strength in your aloneness. Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention. “It’s hard to feel lonely when you’re trying to learn a new skill, practice a hobby or try out a new diet,” wrote US lifestyle writer Adrienne Breaux. 1．Why don’t some teenagers want to be alone? A．Because eating alone is bad for their health. B．Because they are worried about being called a “loner”. C．Because making friends can make them feel different. D．Because they may not feel safe when staying alone. 2．What does “honjok” mean in South Korea? A．A group of people being alone. B．Solo cafes and solo KTVs. C．People who are afraid of being alone. D．Teenagers who like practicing hobbies together. 3．What does the writer mention (提及) South Korea and Japan for? A．To explain being a loner has become a lifestyle in many countries. B．To show teenagers are afraid of being called a “loner”. C．To explain being a loner sometimes means being strange or disliked. D．To show aloneness is good for us in some ways. 4．Aloneness can help us ________. ①take a look at ourselves                 ②devote ourselves to doing things ③know we are the only loner                 ④try to become strong A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 5．The purpose of the passage is to________. A．tell us the bad points of being alone B．show real loners in different countries C．introduce Asian cultures among youth D．help people look at aloneness in a good way （三） 【来源】江苏省泰州市海陵区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 People think differently, but how does this happen? To find out the answer, Dr. Guilford, a famous psychologist, carried out a study on creativity (创造力) in the 1970s, known at The Nine-Dot Puzzle (九点谜题). In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle. The following survey showed that all failed participators had looked for ways in the virtual (虚拟的) box, which is formed with virtual lines. But the winners could break out of the virtual box and continued their lines in the open space around the dots. The results of Guilford’s research led him to an idea: creativity needs you to go outside the box. The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that there were creativity experts everywhere, teaching people how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study. To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as those in Guilford’s study. The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily. Guess what? Less than 25% solved the puzzle. It was nearly the same as the result of Guilford’s study. The result made everyone surprised, but it was the truth. Let’s look more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem needs people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions —“think outside the box” did not help participators solve the puzzle more easily. In some ways, the idea that thinking outside the box makes people more creative can be improper. 1．Which of the following can solve The Nine-Dot Puzzle? A． B． C． D． 2．Most people thought that in Guilford’s study, more participators would solve the puzzle if ________. A．they could find out the imagined box more quickly B．they were given some more time to complete the puzzle C．they were told to draw the lines outside the imagined box D．they could discuss the ways together with other participators 3．Which part of the article explains Burnham with Davis and Alba with Robert’s study and their findings? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 4．Which is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The passage probably tells us that ________. A．the popular ideas among most people are true B．the “facts” accepted by many people may not be facts C．being good at going outside the box means creativity D．practising solving puzzles does help to think differently （四） 【来源】江苏省泰州市海陵区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Have you ever played the game named “Guess the Flag”? If you have, you would find that Canada’s Maple Leaf Flag is the easiest to guess. The red and white flag with a maple leaf (枫叶) in the centre is so special! The red and white flag has been as the national flag of Canada since 1964. But why is there a maple leaf on the flag? Where does the love for that tree come from? We’ve found out the facts for you! ①______. The maple leaf has been a symbol of Canada since 1700. The leaf on the flag comes from the maple tree. This kind of tree is native (本土的) to Canada and can reach a height of 40 metres. The fantastic leaves change colour in the autumn, from bright yellow through orange to golden brown. You might enjoy the amazing view one day with your own eyes! ②______. Because of this amazing feature, maple is a good decoration to city streets and gardens across Canada. It grows quickly, offering beauty and shade to Canadian cities. ③______. Canadians use maple trees for many things, such as making furniture, as well as bowls, and musical instruments. ④______. It is well known to people around the world as Canada’s liquid (液体) gold. Think of delicious banana pancakes or cookies served with it. Yummy! And ice creams with it on the top is tastier. No wonder not only Canadians but people in many other countries have at least one bottle in their kitchen. If you have a chance to travel to Canada, try it! And don’t forget to bring a bottle or two back home! 1．In Paragraph 1, the writer mentioned the game named “Guess the Flag” to ________. A．introduce the topic of the passage B．show his special love for the popular game C．explain the reason for Canada’s love for that tree D．tell about the design idea of Canada’s Maple Leaf Flag 2．According to Paragraph 2 and 3, maple is a good decoration because ________. A．maple trees grow quickly B．maple leaves offer shade to cities C．maple trees grow up to 40 metres high D．maple leaves change colour twice in autumn 3．“Perhaps the most famous product out of the maple trees is maple syrup (枫糖浆)” can be put in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4．The passage is mainly about ________. A．Canada’s Maple Leaf Flag B．the fantastic maple leaves C．Canada’s love for the maple trees D．the products of the maple trees 5．In which part of the China Daily website can we read the text most probably? A．Lifestyle. B．Culture. C．Opinion. D．Business. （五） 【来源】江苏省淮安市金湖县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 Environmentalists (环保人士) are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is the production of clothes in a large number at a low cost. They are put in shops and online stores quickly to create a high demand. Manufacturers (制造商) make 100 billion all kinds of clothes every year. This is expected to grow 60 per cent by 2030. The fast fashion business model is having a negative effect on the environment. Many of the clothes end up in dustbins and are not recycled. Another negative effect on the environment is caused by the chemicals used to make the clothes. These cause health problems to people working in clothes factories. It is reported that children make many of these clothes. The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste. Many years ago, people went to stores and tried clothes on. People took more time and thought more carefully before they bought clothes. They also wore them longer. Today, people order cheap clothes on the Internet and if they don’t like them, they send them back. Some people say this is causing a throwaway (用完即弃的) society. Some people buy clothes and never even wear them. The German media company Deutsche Welle wrote, “Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing ends up in dustbins. Less than one per cent of this is recycled.” It seems the fashion industry is not so sustainable (可持续的). 1．What’s the writer’s feeling about the fast fashion? A．Worried. B．Uninterested. C．Surprised. D．Pleased. 2．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．Many people like to buy cheap clothes on the Internet. B．Clothes in stores are much better than those on the Internet. C．Online shopping is causing more and more clothing waste. D．People in Europe waste lots of clothes every year. 3．What’s the best title for the text? A．The Meaning of Fast Fashion B．The Influences of Fast Fashion C．Problems with Fast Fashion D．Health problems with Fast Fashion （一） 【来源】江苏省镇江市句容市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Recently, a new kind of tourism has begun in China, called ‘special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游) ”. It features visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students. Yu Yinghua in Shanghai Lixin University is one of them. The 22-year-old started her tour in March after being deeply touched by such experiences of Xiaohongshu travel bloggers (博主). “Tapped in school for almost 3 years, I’m now hungry to take trips,” said Yu. ① Most of her trips were started from her daily life, such as a chat with friends. “But making a plan carefully for the trip is important,” Yu said. She found lots of information before travelling. That would help save time when travelling and enjoy the places better. ② Her last trip was to Shanghai. Starting at 7 am, the 22-year-old visited nine local places. “That day, I walked almost 30,000 steps,” Yu said, Although it’s a bit tiring, I enjoy this trip as much as days-long trips.” ③ Unlike Yu travelling in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a doctoral (博士学位的) student in Shanghai, likes to travel far to get herself free from schoolwork. In April, the 24-year-old took a two-day trip to Xi’an, Shaanxi. During her trip, she visited all the famous places in the city. “Such a trip can bring a bright colour to my busy life!” said Chen. ④ “It’s labor-consuming (消耗体力的). Visitors try to see as many places as possible in a short period,” Chen said. In some ways, such trips are not as flexible (灵活的) as days-long trips because you can’t change your plan. “So, enough energy and a clear mind are necessary for this tour,” said Chen. 1．Which of the following examples is a kind of “special forces style tourism”? A．John, a manager in a company, travels to Suzhou with his wife for about a month. B．Lucy, a primary school student, travels to Nanjing with her classmates on Friday. C．Mike, a college student, travels to many places in Hangzhou with his friend on Saturday. D．Mary, a high school teacher, travels to Hainan with her husband during summer holiday. 2．The sentence “But such kind of tourism may not be proper for everyone.” should be put in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Where may this passage come from? A．A comic book. B．A novel report. C．A film review. D．A travel magazine. （二） 【来源】江苏省宿迁市沭阳县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 Zibo Barbecue in Zibo City, China, is famous for its tasty grilled (烧烤) food. This city in Shandong Province has many barbecue stalls, restaurants, and shops, making it a great place for barbecue lovers. Zibo Barbecue is all about grilling meat on sticks. Popular food includes pork, beef, lamb, and chicken. The meat is flavored and cooked on skewers. A special sauce is brushed on the meat while cooking, making it even more delicious. You can also find grilled vegetables, seafood, and other tasty dishes. Zibo Barbecue is known for its different flavors (风味). Each stall has its own special recipes. Whether you like spicy, sweet, or tangy flavors, there is something for everyone. Zibo Barbecue is not just about the food; it’s also ▲ . As you enjoy the delicious barbecue, you can see how much the locals love this traditional food. The busy streets, yummy smells, and sizzling sounds create a wonderful dining experience. If you visit Zibo, don’t miss the chance to try Zi bo Barbecue. Walk around and enjoy the tasty food. You can discover new flavors and enjoy the locals’ warmth and kindness. In conclusion, Zibo Barbecue in Zibo City, China, offers delicious grilled food that is loved by locals and visitors. This city’s barbecue culture is a must-try for barbecue fans and food lovers. 1．What does the writer advise visitors to do in Zibo? A．To visit places of interest. B．To try local candies. C．To enjoy Zibo Barbecue. D．To attend art festivals. 2．What kind of flavors can you find in Zibo Barbecue? A．Spicy, sweet, and tangy. B．Sour, bitter, and salty. C．Mild, bland, and plain. D．Savory, creamy, and rich. 3．Which of the following may be the best to fill in the“ ▲ ”? A．a place for sports and games. B．a chance to experience the local culture. C．a nice place for you to read and learn. D．an opportunity to visit the high-tech industry. （三） 【来源】江苏省淮安市涟水县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 People throw trash (垃圾) on the beach and even into the ocean. The trash has become the “home” of hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Believe it or not, it is happening all over the world. Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottle tops, parts of old light bulbs (灯泡), and even broken glass bottles. Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells (壳) for protection. They first look at the shells’ type, size and color. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size. As they grow, they give up their old shells and find bigger ones to live in. However, “trash shells” can bring danger to hermit crabs. Different from natural shells, plastic waste (塑料垃圾) is often brighter in color. It might stand out against the background, so predators (捕食者) can find hermit crabs more easily. The crabs could also get stuck (粘住) and die when they go into plastic bottles. When they get inside of old tires (轮胎), they may find it difficult to get out and starve to death (饿死). 1．According to Paragraph 1, what has become a problem? A．People cannot leave trash on the beach. B．There are more hermit crabs than ever. C．Hermit crabs are using trash as homes. D．Scientists have a problem finding hermit crabs. 2．Why do hermit crabs stay in shells? A．Because they like the colors of the shells. B．Because they need to look after the shells. C．Because they can grow faster inside the shells. D．Because their soft bodies need shells for protection. 3．How do hermit crabs check the size inside a shell? A．They use their legs. B．They use their eyes to look. C．They check the type of the shell. D．They put an old shell into the new shell. （四） 【来源】江苏省泰州市医药高新技术产业开发区等2地2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Have you ever felt like you’re in your own small world? Do you think everything you hear or see just makes you more sure of your ideas in this world? It’s like being in an “echo chamber (信息茧房)”— a place where your own ideas keep coming back to you, and you don’t hear any different ones. You think you have been trapped in it. This isn’t something new, but with everyone on social media, it’s happening a lot more now. Echo chambers are like rooms we can’t see on the Internet, but everyone agrees with you in it. Think about how people used to sit around a fire, telling stories that made everyone else all nod and smile. Now, we have the Internet—our modern day fire—where platforms (平台) let people from all over the world share their thoughts. Social media platforms know exactly what we like. That’s thanks to very clever algorithms (算法) —sets of rules that computers follow to work out what you enjoy according to what you click on, like, and share online. These algorithms watch what we do on the Internet to show us more information that matches our interests and even what our friends like. But being in echo chambers can be a bit dangerous. They make us feel good because we’re surrounded (围绕) by views we agree with, but they also make us see the world in a very limited way. This can make our opinions very fixed and make it hard for us to understand people who think differently. It might even make us feel more separated and worried because everyone outside our “bubble ” seems so different. Luckily, there are ways to break free from echo chambers. One big step is to challenge ourselves by looking for information from different sources. This means searching for more different things on the Internet, reading different kinds of stories, and talking to people with other ideas. Also, ask questions about where information comes from, double-check facts and be open-minded. In this way, we can make sure we understand the wider world a lot better. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving examples. D．By showing facts. 2．What may happen in an echo chamber according to the passage? A．Others have the same ideas as yours. B．People sit around the fire to tell stories. C．We talk to people with other views happily. D．People are open-minded and understand the world better. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about algorithms? A．They help people learn how to share information online. B．They teach people to follow rules about computers. C．They study people’s hobbies and interests on the Internet. D．They work out what we enjoy just according to our friends’ information. 4．What does the underlined word “bubble” in Para.4 mean? A．A room B．An algorithm C．A balloon D．An echo chamber 5．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Useful echo chambers B．Trapped in echo chambers C．Ways to break echo chambers D．Thanks to echo chambers （五） 【来源】江苏省泰州市医药高新技术产业开发区等2地2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 In China, a year has 24 solar terms. They were created thousands of years ago to guide people’s lives. Grain Buds or Xiaoman, the 8th solar term of a year, begins on May 20 this year, and ends on June 4. Grain Buds holds both natural and cultural importance. It means that the seeds of summer crops like wheat are becoming full but are not ripe (成熟的). The name xiaoman has also special meanings in Chinese culture and shows how Chinese people think about life. The word mixes xiao, meaning little, and man, meaning “full”. Together, it means “things are not yet completely (完全) full”. This name shows that it is best not to do too much or too little. Let’s see what we can do during the “Grain Buds” period. A good season for eating During the Grain Buds period, summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time goes, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full.” Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimps big and fat. This is a good time to enjoy them. Grain Buds is also a season for eating mulberries (桑葚) and bitter herbs (苦菜) which can cool the blood and remove harmful things from the body. A key period for flower caring This time is a good period of the quick growth of flowers. It is also a season when plant diseases and pests are the most, which makes growing flowers even harder. Caring for your garden becomes even more important than any other time. If you take good care of them, your plants will be healthier. _____________ High temperatures and wet days are common during the Grain Buds period. The increase in temperature over this season may make you get skin illnesses easily. It is also important to exercise during the hot summer days. Walking, jogging and practicing tai chi are popular. 1．How long does Grain Buds last this year? A．14 days. B．15 days. C．16 days. D．17 days. 2．Which of the following best matches the meaning of Xiaoman? A．The couple live happily though they don’t have much money. B．A poor man hates working and lies down all day long. C．A rich man often wants to make much more money. D．A student isn’t happy with his grade and always tries to get higher grades. 3．Grain Buds is NOT a good season to eat ________. A．fish B．strawberries C．mulberries D．bitter herbs 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Xiaoman always falls on May 20 every year. B．It is easy to look after flowers during Xiaoman. C．It is not necessary to exercise during Xiaoman. D．Grain Buds is a good season for fishermen. 5．Which of the following can be filled in the blank? A．Weather during Grain Buds B．Ways to avoid skin diseases C．Advice on health D．Exercise for health （六） 【来源】江苏省扬州市仪征市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he is pleased with a grade on a test. Or a person might smile if a friend tells a funny joke. People smile for many different reasons. But smiles are more than just a way for people to show that they are happy. There are other good reasons to smile often. First, it is easier to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile. But it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your face a rest and smile! Second, smiles are nice. People may try to look nice on the outside by wearing nice clothes. However, there is a famous saying: ______. That is because it is easy to be around someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to be around someone who is unhappy all the time. Third, smiles are helpful. Both smiling and laughing can quickly spread from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend (倾向) to laugh with him. If a person is sad, the best thing to do is to share a smile or laugh. It is the easiest and cheapest way to cheer someone up. Usually nobody would like to turn down the invitation which is offered by a person with a smile. Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even if you are mad or sad, try smiling. You’ll find that it will be hard to stay mad or sad for very long. 1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 3? A．If you smile at life, life will smile at you. B．A smile is the best thing a person can wear. C．Smile is the most beautiful language in the world. D．Life without smiles is like a spring without flowers. 2．What do the underlined words “turn down” in Paragraph 4 mean most possibly? A．accept B．discuss C．refuse D．share 3．What can we learn from the text? A．It takes people more muscles to show happiness. B．It is very good for people’s bodies to smile and laugh. C．Everyone wants to be around someone who is unhappy. D．If someone smiles, people around him don’t want to smile. 4．What can be the best title for this text? A．The power of smiling. B．The importance of happiness. C．Different ways of smiling. D．Ways of making people happy. （七） 【来源】江苏省泰州市姜堰区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Chinese paper cutting, or jianzhi, has been practiced for thousands of years. To this day, it is still a popular form of art across the country. The art form is said to go back to the Han Dynasty. During that time, paper was very expensive. It was used mainly for writing and making important documents (文件). During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese people started using paper for artistic expression. Paper cutting became popular. Chinese paper cutting involves (包含) the use of scissors or a knife to cut designs out of paper. Common (常见的) themes include animals, plants and traditional Chinese symbols. Paper cuttings with the characters fu, shou and xi are often seen as well. In the past, paper cuttings were usually used as decorations for festivals. Today, red paper cuttings of the zodiac animals (生肖动物) are still common sights during Chinese New Year. These paper cuttings are put up on windows and doors and the practice is believed to bring good luck. Making a paper cutting takes several steps. First, the artist chooses a design and draws it on a piece of paper. Then, the artist carefully cuts out the design. As the last step, the finished paper cutting is pasted (贴) on a door, window or wall. Chinese paper cutting has become more than just a traditional art form. It is also a symbol of Chinese culture. In recent years, Chinese paper cutting has been enjoyed by people all over the world. It is used not only for decorative purposes, but also in fashion, design, advertising and more areas. Chinese paper cutting is a fragile (脆弱的) art form. Fortunately (幸好), some people are trying to keep this tradition alive. They want to make sure that it will be passed down to many more generations (代). 1．When did Chinese paper cutting become popular? A．In recent years. B．In the Han Dynasty. C．In the Tang Dynasty. D．About hundreds of years ago. 2．What does the underlined word “characters” mean according to the passage? A．汉字 B．人物 C．特点 D．角色 3．Which of the following is the RIGHT order of making a paper cutting according to the passage? ①Cut out the design carefully. ②Choose a design that you like. ③Paste the cutting on a door, window or wall. ④Draw the design on a piece of paper. A．①②③④ B．④②①③ C．②④①③ D．②④③① 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．The history of Chinese paper cutting is short. B．Chinese paper cutting will disappear very soon. C．Chinese paper cutting is only used as decorations. D．Chinese paper cutting is becoming more popular around the world. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chinese New Year B．Chinese Paper Cutting C．An Art Festival D．Modern Culture 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解之说明文 （一） 【来源】 江苏省淮安市淮安区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Hanfu fashion has become more and more popular with young people. China has followed Western fashion designs in recent years, but a growing number of young people are now looking to the past for fashion ideas. If you look closely around your city, you might notice hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han dynasty. In a recently published report by an online shopping platform, about 2 million hanfu clothes were sold in 2020, nearly 4 times as many as those sold in 2019. Most of the buyers are between 19 and 24 years old. But why has this traditional clothing become popular with young Chinese people? For some of them, it’s a costume for relaxation. Dafan, a 24-year-old college student, told CGTN that dressing in hanfu is a way for her to get away from the troubles of real life. Modern clothing, on the other hand, represents the identity (身份) people need to show every day. “Hanfu and modern clothing help me to show the different sides in me,” she said. Other teenagers like hanfu because of the culture behind it. They see it as a way to reconnect (再连接) with traditions. Its wide sleeves, crossed collars (领口) and flowing robes (飘逸的长袍) bring people back to ancient times. “Hanfu is the symbol (象征) of the Chinese traditional culture.” Nanhe, a 21-year-old costume studio owner, told CGTN. 1．Hanfu appeared (出现) in China ________. A．in 2018 B．in Tang Dynasty C．in 2019 D．in Han dynasty 2．According to the passage, about ________ Hanfu clothes were sold in 2019. A．600,000 B．500,000 C．2,000,000 D．8,000,000 3．Who likes to buy Hanfu best? A．Students from 4 to 15 years old. B．Teenagers from 13 to 19 years old. C．Adults between 30 and 50 years old. D．People between 19 and 24 years old. 4．The underlined phrase “wide sleeves” means ________. A．宽大的衣袖 B．鲜艳的色彩 C．漂亮的丝带 D．纤细的腰围 5．Which paragraph tells why Hanfu is popular? A．①②③ B．②④⑤ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤ 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了近年来汉服非常流行，并对其流行的原因进行了说明。 1．细节理解题。根据“If you look closely around your city, you might notice hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han dynasty.”可知，汉服是汉朝的传统服装，出现于汉朝。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“In a recently published report by an online shopping platform, about 2 million hanfu clothes were sold in 2020, nearly 4 times as many as those sold in 2019.”可知，2020年汉服销量约为200万件，是2019年销量的近4倍，2019年的销售量为50万。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Most of the buyers are between 19 and 24 years old.”可知，19岁到24岁的人最喜欢汉服。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Its wide sleeves, crossed collars (领口) and flowing robes (飘逸的长袍) bring people back to ancient times.”可知，它宽大的袖子、交叉的领子和飘逸的长袍把人们带回到古代，wide sleeves意为“宽大的袖子”。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“But why has this traditional clothing become popular with young Chinese people?”、“Other teenagers like hanfu because of the culture behind it.”和“‘Hanfu is the symbol (象征) of the Chinese traditional culture.’”可知，文章的三、四、五段介绍了汉服受欢迎的原因。故选C。 （二） 【来源】江苏省泰州市泰兴市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 Do you sometimes feel left alone? Teenagers need to feel like they are members of a group. Just having to eat alone in the dining hall is enough to make them feel worried. They are afraid of being called a “loner (独来独往的人)”. But being a loner doesn’t always mean being strange or disliked. In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people who think about being alone to be a part of everyday life. In South Korea, there are a growing number of people who describe themselves as “honjok”. These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves. In Japan, people have had a strong loner culture over the years. There are solo (单人的) cafes and solo KTVs. The restaurants for solo diners are especially popular. There are boards between two seats in a line against the wall. Diners can’t see the faces of other people. Knowing that you are not the only loner may make you feel better. But more importantly, you can try to find strength in your aloneness. Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention. “It’s hard to feel lonely when you’re trying to learn a new skill, practice a hobby or try out a new diet,” wrote US lifestyle writer Adrienne Breaux. 1．Why don’t some teenagers want to be alone? A．Because eating alone is bad for their health. B．Because they are worried about being called a “loner”. C．Because making friends can make them feel different. D．Because they may not feel safe when staying alone. 2．What does “honjok” mean in South Korea? A．A group of people being alone. B．Solo cafes and solo KTVs. C．People who are afraid of being alone. D．Teenagers who like practicing hobbies together. 3．What does the writer mention (提及) South Korea and Japan for? A．To explain being a loner has become a lifestyle in many countries. B．To show teenagers are afraid of being called a “loner”. C．To explain being a loner sometimes means being strange or disliked. D．To show aloneness is good for us in some ways. 4．Aloneness can help us ________. ①take a look at ourselves                 ②devote ourselves to doing things ③know we are the only loner                 ④try to become strong A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 5．The purpose of the passage is to________. A．tell us the bad points of being alone B．show real loners in different countries C．introduce Asian cultures among youth D．help people look at aloneness in a good way 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要探讨了青少年感到孤独的心理状态，以及在日本和韩国，独处已成为一种生活方式。尝试在独处中找到力量，可以使人感觉更好。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Just having to eat alone in the dining hall is enough to make them feel worried. They are afraid of being called a ‘loner’.”可知，仅仅是一个人在食堂吃饭就足以让他们感到担心。他们害怕被称为“孤独者”。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段 “In South Korea, there are a growing number of people who describe themselves as ‘honjok’. These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves.”可知，在韩国，越来越多的人称自己为‘honjok’”。这些人独自吃饭，独自旅行，享受独处。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people who think about being alone to be a part of everyday life.”可知，在许多国家，独处已经成为年轻人的一种生活方式，他们认为独处是日常生活的一部分。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But more importantly, you can try to find strength in your aloneness.”和最后一段“Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention.”可知，在孤独中可以找到力量，独处让你有时间审视自己的内心，或者全神贯注地做其他事情。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要探讨了青少年感到孤独的心理状态，以及在日本和韩国，独处已成为一种生活方式。尝试在独处中找到力量，可以使人感觉更好。故选D。 （三） 【来源】江苏省泰州市海陵区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 People think differently, but how does this happen? To find out the answer, Dr. Guilford, a famous psychologist, carried out a study on creativity (创造力) in the 1970s, known at The Nine-Dot Puzzle (九点谜题). In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle. The following survey showed that all failed participators had looked for ways in the virtual (虚拟的) box, which is formed with virtual lines. But the winners could break out of the virtual box and continued their lines in the open space around the dots. The results of Guilford’s research led him to an idea: creativity needs you to go outside the box. The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that there were creativity experts everywhere, teaching people how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study. To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as those in Guilford’s study. The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily. Guess what? Less than 25% solved the puzzle. It was nearly the same as the result of Guilford’s study. The result made everyone surprised, but it was the truth. Let’s look more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem needs people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions —“think outside the box” did not help participators solve the puzzle more easily. In some ways, the idea that thinking outside the box makes people more creative can be improper. 1．Which of the following can solve The Nine-Dot Puzzle? A． B． C． D． 2．Most people thought that in Guilford’s study, more participators would solve the puzzle if ________. A．they could find out the imagined box more quickly B．they were given some more time to complete the puzzle C．they were told to draw the lines outside the imagined box D．they could discuss the ways together with other participators 3．Which part of the article explains Burnham with Davis and Alba with Robert’s study and their findings? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 4．Which is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The passage probably tells us that ________. A．the popular ideas among most people are true B．the “facts” accepted by many people may not be facts C．being good at going outside the box means creativity D．practising solving puzzles does help to think differently 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫Guilford的心理学家进行了一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你跳出框框。 1．推理判断题。根据“In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle.”可知，要求参与者在不从纸上拿起铅笔的情况下，用最多四条直线连接所有九个点，结合选项，图D符合。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily.”可知，人们预期如果参与者被告知可以在想象的边界之外画线，会有更多人解决这个谜题，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段结尾“The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study.这个想法太受欢迎了，以至于没有人想到去核实事实，直到两个不同的研究团队做了另一项研究”以及第四段开头“To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups.为了验证吉尔福德的想法是否正确，参与者被分成两组”可知，第四段解释他们的研究和发现，故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题，第二段到第五段详细地讨论了“超越框架思维”的传播，研究以及意外发现，并对其进行反思，得出结论。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章讨论了广泛认为的“超越框架思维”提升创造力的观点，并指出这一观点在解决九点谜题时并没有带来更好的问题解决能力。最后得出结论，广为接受的观点并不总是正确的，故选B。 （四） 【来源】江苏省泰州市海陵区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Have you ever played the game named “Guess the Flag”? If you have, you would find that Canada’s Maple Leaf Flag is the easiest to guess. The red and white flag with a maple leaf (枫叶) in the centre is so special! The red and white flag has been as the national flag of Canada since 1964. But why is there a maple leaf on the flag? Where does the love for that tree come from? We’ve found out the facts for you! ①______. The maple leaf has been a symbol of Canada since 1700. The leaf on the flag comes from the maple tree. This kind of tree is native (本土的) to Canada and can reach a height of 40 metres. The fantastic leaves change colour in the autumn, from bright yellow through orange to golden brown. You might enjoy the amazing view one day with your own eyes! ②______. Because of this amazing feature, maple is a good decoration to city streets and gardens across Canada. It grows quickly, offering beauty and shade to Canadian cities. ③______. Canadians use maple trees for many things, such as making furniture, as well as bowls, and musical instruments. ④______. It is well known to people around the world as Canada’s liquid (液体) gold. Think of delicious banana pancakes or cookies served with it. Yummy! And ice creams with it on the top is tastier. No wonder not only Canadians but people in many other countries have at least one bottle in their kitchen. If you have a chance to travel to Canada, try it! And don’t forget to bring a bottle or two back home! 1．In Paragraph 1, the writer mentioned the game named “Guess the Flag” to ________. A．introduce the topic of the passage B．show his special love for the popular game C．explain the reason for Canada’s love for that tree D．tell about the design idea of Canada’s Maple Leaf Flag 2．According to Paragraph 2 and 3, maple is a good decoration because ________. A．maple trees grow quickly B．maple leaves offer shade to cities C．maple trees grow up to 40 metres high D．maple leaves change colour twice in autumn 3．“Perhaps the most famous product out of the maple trees is maple syrup (枫糖浆)” can be put in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4．The passage is mainly about ________. A．Canada’s Maple Leaf Flag B．the fantastic maple leaves C．Canada’s love for the maple trees D．the products of the maple trees 5．In which part of the China Daily website can we read the text most probably? A．Lifestyle. B．Culture. C．Opinion. D．Business. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了加拿大枫叶国旗的由来及加拿大人对枫树的热爱。 1．推理判断题。根据“If you have, you would find that Canada’s Maple Leaf Flag is the easiest to guess.”及“But why is there a maple leaf on the flag? Where does the love for that tree come from? We’ve found out the facts for you!”可知，作者提到“猜国旗”这个游戏，是为了引出文章的主题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The fantastic leaves change colour in the autumn, from bright yellow through orange to golden brown.”及“Because of this amazing feature, maple is a good decoration to city streets and gardens across Canada.”可知，枫叶在秋天会变色两次，很漂亮，所以会成为好的装饰品。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据④段的“It is well known to people around the world as Canada’s liquid (液体) gold.”可知，这里的“液体黄金”指的就是枫糖浆。“也许枫树最著名的产品就是枫糖浆。”是这段的中心句。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍加拿大人对枫树的热爱。他们把枫叶作为加拿大的象征，用美丽的枫叶做装饰品，用枫树做家具和乐器。著名的枫糖浆也产自枫树。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了加拿大枫叶国旗的由来及加拿大人对枫树的热爱，与文化相关。故选B。 （五） 【来源】江苏省淮安市金湖县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末测试英语试题 Environmentalists (环保人士) are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is the production of clothes in a large number at a low cost. They are put in shops and online stores quickly to create a high demand. Manufacturers (制造商) make 100 billion all kinds of clothes every year. This is expected to grow 60 per cent by 2030. The fast fashion business model is having a negative effect on the environment. Many of the clothes end up in dustbins and are not recycled. Another negative effect on the environment is caused by the chemicals used to make the clothes. These cause health problems to people working in clothes factories. It is reported that children make many of these clothes. The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste. Many years ago, people went to stores and tried clothes on. People took more time and thought more carefully before they bought clothes. They also wore them longer. Today, people order cheap clothes on the Internet and if they don’t like them, they send them back. Some people say this is causing a throwaway (用完即弃的) society. Some people buy clothes and never even wear them. The German media company Deutsche Welle wrote, “Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing ends up in dustbins. Less than one per cent of this is recycled.” It seems the fashion industry is not so sustainable (可持续的). 1．What’s the writer’s feeling about the fast fashion? A．Worried. B．Uninterested. C．Surprised. D．Pleased. 2．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．Many people like to buy cheap clothes on the Internet. B．Clothes in stores are much better than those on the Internet. C．Online shopping is causing more and more clothing waste. D．People in Europe waste lots of clothes every year. 3．What’s the best title for the text? A．The Meaning of Fast Fashion B．The Influences of Fast Fashion C．Problems with Fast Fashion D．Health problems with Fast Fashion 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了快时尚对环境的消极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“Environmentalists (环保人士) are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment.”可知，担忧快时尚对环境的影响，故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据“The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste.”和第三段整段可知，人们购买衣服的方式增加了衣物浪费的问题，人们在网上订购便宜的衣服，不喜欢，就会寄回，有些人买衣服却从来不穿，即网购方式增加了衣物浪费的问题。故选C。 3．最佳标题题。根据全文通篇主要介绍了快时尚对环境的消极影响，B选项“快时尚的影响。”与文章相符。故选B。 （一） 【来源】江苏省镇江市句容市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Recently, a new kind of tourism has begun in China, called ‘special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游) ”. It features visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students. Yu Yinghua in Shanghai Lixin University is one of them. The 22-year-old started her tour in March after being deeply touched by such experiences of Xiaohongshu travel bloggers (博主). “Tapped in school for almost 3 years, I’m now hungry to take trips,” said Yu. ① Most of her trips were started from her daily life, such as a chat with friends. “But making a plan carefully for the trip is important,” Yu said. She found lots of information before travelling. That would help save time when travelling and enjoy the places better. ② Her last trip was to Shanghai. Starting at 7 am, the 22-year-old visited nine local places. “That day, I walked almost 30,000 steps,” Yu said, Although it’s a bit tiring, I enjoy this trip as much as days-long trips.” ③ Unlike Yu travelling in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a doctoral (博士学位的) student in Shanghai, likes to travel far to get herself free from schoolwork. In April, the 24-year-old took a two-day trip to Xi’an, Shaanxi. During her trip, she visited all the famous places in the city. “Such a trip can bring a bright colour to my busy life!” said Chen. ④ “It’s labor-consuming (消耗体力的). Visitors try to see as many places as possible in a short period,” Chen said. In some ways, such trips are not as flexible (灵活的) as days-long trips because you can’t change your plan. “So, enough energy and a clear mind are necessary for this tour,” said Chen. 1．Which of the following examples is a kind of “special forces style tourism”? A．John, a manager in a company, travels to Suzhou with his wife for about a month. B．Lucy, a primary school student, travels to Nanjing with her classmates on Friday. C．Mike, a college student, travels to many places in Hangzhou with his friend on Saturday. D．Mary, a high school teacher, travels to Hainan with her husband during summer holiday. 2．The sentence “But such kind of tourism may not be proper for everyone.” should be put in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Where may this passage come from? A．A comic book. B．A novel report. C．A film review. D．A travel magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国最近兴起的“特种兵式旅游”的相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It features visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students.”可知特种兵旅游的特征是在短期内游览著名景点，最常见的是在周末，最常见的人群是大学生。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。所给句子“But such kind of tourism may not be proper for everyone.”意为这种类型的旅游并不适合每个人，其后应该介绍不适合的人群，以及这种类型旅游的缺点。根据第四段“It’s labor-consuming.”可知，这种旅行消耗体力，符合语境。故选D。 3．推理判断题。文章第一句“Recently, a new kind of tourism has begun in China,”指出了在中国有一种新兴的旅游方式，以及全文都在介绍这种旅行方式的相关内容，这篇文章应该出现在旅游杂志上。故选D。 （二） 【来源】江苏省宿迁市沭阳县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 Zibo Barbecue in Zibo City, China, is famous for its tasty grilled (烧烤) food. This city in Shandong Province has many barbecue stalls, restaurants, and shops, making it a great place for barbecue lovers. Zibo Barbecue is all about grilling meat on sticks. Popular food includes pork, beef, lamb, and chicken. The meat is flavored and cooked on skewers. A special sauce is brushed on the meat while cooking, making it even more delicious. You can also find grilled vegetables, seafood, and other tasty dishes. Zibo Barbecue is known for its different flavors (风味). Each stall has its own special recipes. Whether you like spicy, sweet, or tangy flavors, there is something for everyone. Zibo Barbecue is not just about the food; it’s also ▲ . As you enjoy the delicious barbecue, you can see how much the locals love this traditional food. The busy streets, yummy smells, and sizzling sounds create a wonderful dining experience. If you visit Zibo, don’t miss the chance to try Zi bo Barbecue. Walk around and enjoy the tasty food. You can discover new flavors and enjoy the locals’ warmth and kindness. In conclusion, Zibo Barbecue in Zibo City, China, offers delicious grilled food that is loved by locals and visitors. This city’s barbecue culture is a must-try for barbecue fans and food lovers. 1．What does the writer advise visitors to do in Zibo? A．To visit places of interest. B．To try local candies. C．To enjoy Zibo Barbecue. D．To attend art festivals. 2．What kind of flavors can you find in Zibo Barbecue? A．Spicy, sweet, and tangy. B．Sour, bitter, and salty. C．Mild, bland, and plain. D．Savory, creamy, and rich. 3．Which of the following may be the best to fill in the“ ▲ ”? A．a place for sports and games. B．a chance to experience the local culture. C．a nice place for you to read and learn. D．an opportunity to visit the high-tech industry. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了淄博烧烤和淄博这座城市的文化。 1．细节理解题。根据第五段“If you visit Zibo, don’t miss the chance to try Zi bo Barbecue.”可知，作者建议游客在淄博享受淄博烧烤。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Whether you like spicy, sweet, or tangy flavors, there is something for everyone” 可知， 在淄博可以找到辛辣、甜味或浓烈的风味。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“ The busy streets, yummy smells, and sizzling sounds create a wonderful dining experience.”可知，繁忙的街道，美味的气味，和咝咝的声音创造了一个美妙的用餐体验。说明在吃烧烤时，还可以体验淄博当地的文化；选项B“体验当地文化的机会。”符合语境。故选B。 （三） 【来源】江苏省淮安市涟水县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 People throw trash (垃圾) on the beach and even into the ocean. The trash has become the “home” of hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Believe it or not, it is happening all over the world. Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottle tops, parts of old light bulbs (灯泡), and even broken glass bottles. Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells (壳) for protection. They first look at the shells’ type, size and color. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size. As they grow, they give up their old shells and find bigger ones to live in. However, “trash shells” can bring danger to hermit crabs. Different from natural shells, plastic waste (塑料垃圾) is often brighter in color. It might stand out against the background, so predators (捕食者) can find hermit crabs more easily. The crabs could also get stuck (粘住) and die when they go into plastic bottles. When they get inside of old tires (轮胎), they may find it difficult to get out and starve to death (饿死). 1．According to Paragraph 1, what has become a problem? A．People cannot leave trash on the beach. B．There are more hermit crabs than ever. C．Hermit crabs are using trash as homes. D．Scientists have a problem finding hermit crabs. 2．Why do hermit crabs stay in shells? A．Because they like the colors of the shells. B．Because they need to look after the shells. C．Because they can grow faster inside the shells. D．Because their soft bodies need shells for protection. 3．How do hermit crabs check the size inside a shell? A．They use their legs. B．They use their eyes to look. C．They check the type of the shell. D．They put an old shell into the new shell. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了寄居蟹误将海滩和海洋中的垃圾当作 “家” 的现象以及给寄居蟹带来的危害。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People throw trash (垃圾) on the beach and even into the ocean. The trash has become the ‘home’ of hermit crabs (寄居蟹).”可知，寄居蟹误将海滩和海洋中的垃圾当作“家” 。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells (壳) for protection.”可知，与其他螃蟹不同，寄居蟹天生身体柔软，因此它们需要寻找壳来保护自己。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size.”可知，寄居蟹用腿检查壳的内部，以确保它们的尺寸合适。故选A。 （四） 【来源】江苏省泰州市医药高新技术产业开发区等2地2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Have you ever felt like you’re in your own small world? Do you think everything you hear or see just makes you more sure of your ideas in this world? It’s like being in an “echo chamber (信息茧房)”— a place where your own ideas keep coming back to you, and you don’t hear any different ones. You think you have been trapped in it. This isn’t something new, but with everyone on social media, it’s happening a lot more now. Echo chambers are like rooms we can’t see on the Internet, but everyone agrees with you in it. Think about how people used to sit around a fire, telling stories that made everyone else all nod and smile. Now, we have the Internet—our modern day fire—where platforms (平台) let people from all over the world share their thoughts. Social media platforms know exactly what we like. That’s thanks to very clever algorithms (算法) —sets of rules that computers follow to work out what you enjoy according to what you click on, like, and share online. These algorithms watch what we do on the Internet to show us more information that matches our interests and even what our friends like. But being in echo chambers can be a bit dangerous. They make us feel good because we’re surrounded (围绕) by views we agree with, but they also make us see the world in a very limited way. This can make our opinions very fixed and make it hard for us to understand people who think differently. It might even make us feel more separated and worried because everyone outside our “bubble ” seems so different. Luckily, there are ways to break free from echo chambers. One big step is to challenge ourselves by looking for information from different sources. This means searching for more different things on the Internet, reading different kinds of stories, and talking to people with other ideas. Also, ask questions about where information comes from, double-check facts and be open-minded. In this way, we can make sure we understand the wider world a lot better. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving examples. D．By showing facts. 2．What may happen in an echo chamber according to the passage? A．Others have the same ideas as yours. B．People sit around the fire to tell stories. C．We talk to people with other views happily. D．People are open-minded and understand the world better. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about algorithms? A．They help people learn how to share information online. B．They teach people to follow rules about computers. C．They study people’s hobbies and interests on the Internet. D．They work out what we enjoy just according to our friends’ information. 4．What does the underlined word “bubble” in Para.4 mean? A．A room B．An algorithm C．A balloon D．An echo chamber 5．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Useful echo chambers B．Trapped in echo chambers C．Ways to break echo chambers D．Thanks to echo chambers 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了信息茧房的概念、出现的原因以及信息茧房对我们的好处与坏处等。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Have you ever felt like you’re in your own small world? Do you think everything you hear or see just makes you more sure of your ideas in this world? ”可知，作者是通过提问的方式开始写这篇文章的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It’s like being in an‘echo chamber ’—a place where your own ideas keep coming back to you, and you don’t hear any different ones. ”可知，在信息茧房里，你自己的想法不断回到你身边，你听不到任何不同的想法，即你周围的其他人和你的想法一样。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Social media platforms know exactly what we like. That’s thanks to very clever algorithms—sets of rules that computers follow to work out what you enjoy according to what you click on, like, and share online. ”可知，algorithms是计算机遵循的几套规则，它们根据你在网上点击、喜欢和分享的内容，推测出你喜欢什么，即他们通过网络研究人们的爱好与兴趣。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“But being in echo chambers can be a bit dangerous. They make us feel good...but they also make us see the world in a very limited way. This can make our opinions very fixed and make it hard for us to understand people who think differently. It might even make us feel more separated and worried because everyone outside our ‘bubble’ seems so different.”可知，待在信息茧房里可能有点危险。它们一方面让我们感觉良好，但另一方面也让我们以一种非常有限的方式看待世界，即我们的观点可能非常固定，因此很难理解与我们的想法不同的人，让我们觉得我们的“bubble”之外的人似乎都是如此不同。故推测bubble就是指“信息茧房”。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了信息茧房的各个方面，包括其概念、出现的原因、它带给我们的好处与坏处以及打破信息茧房的方法等。B选项最能概括文章主旨，符合最佳标题，故选B。 （五） 【来源】江苏省泰州市医药高新技术产业开发区等2地2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 In China, a year has 24 solar terms. They were created thousands of years ago to guide people’s lives. Grain Buds or Xiaoman, the 8th solar term of a year, begins on May 20 this year, and ends on June 4. Grain Buds holds both natural and cultural importance. It means that the seeds of summer crops like wheat are becoming full but are not ripe (成熟的). The name xiaoman has also special meanings in Chinese culture and shows how Chinese people think about life. The word mixes xiao, meaning little, and man, meaning “full”. Together, it means “things are not yet completely (完全) full”. This name shows that it is best not to do too much or too little. Let’s see what we can do during the “Grain Buds” period. A good season for eating During the Grain Buds period, summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time goes, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full.” Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimps big and fat. This is a good time to enjoy them. Grain Buds is also a season for eating mulberries (桑葚) and bitter herbs (苦菜) which can cool the blood and remove harmful things from the body. A key period for flower caring This time is a good period of the quick growth of flowers. It is also a season when plant diseases and pests are the most, which makes growing flowers even harder. Caring for your garden becomes even more important than any other time. If you take good care of them, your plants will be healthier. _____________ High temperatures and wet days are common during the Grain Buds period. The increase in temperature over this season may make you get skin illnesses easily. It is also important to exercise during the hot summer days. Walking, jogging and practicing tai chi are popular. 1．How long does Grain Buds last this year? A．14 days. B．15 days. C．16 days. D．17 days. 2．Which of the following best matches the meaning of Xiaoman? A．The couple live happily though they don’t have much money. B．A poor man hates working and lies down all day long. C．A rich man often wants to make much more money. D．A student isn’t happy with his grade and always tries to get higher grades. 3．Grain Buds is NOT a good season to eat ________. A．fish B．strawberries C．mulberries D．bitter herbs 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Xiaoman always falls on May 20 every year. B．It is easy to look after flowers during Xiaoman. C．It is not necessary to exercise during Xiaoman. D．Grain Buds is a good season for fishermen. 5．Which of the following can be filled in the blank? A．Weather during Grain Buds B．Ways to avoid skin diseases C．Advice on health D．Exercise for health 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了与中国传统24节气之一的小满有关的知识，包括小满的含义、时间以及这个节气适宜做的事情等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Grain Buds or Xiaoman, the 8th solar term of a year, begins on May 20 this year, and ends on June 4.”可知，今年小满是从5月20日开始，6月4日结束，共计16天。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“This name shows that it is best not to do too much or too little.”可知，小满的意思是说最好不要做得太多或太少。因此A选项“这对夫妇虽然没有多少钱，但生活得很幸福。”符合。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimps big and fat. This is a good time to enjoy them.”及“Grain Buds is also a season for eating mulberries (桑葚) and bitter herbs (苦菜)”可知，小满是吃鱼、虾、桑葚及苦菜的季节，不是吃草莓的季节。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimps big and fat. This is a good time to enjoy them.”可知，小满降雨量大增，河里装满了水，这使得鱼虾又大又肥，因此可推知，小满对渔民来说是一个好的季节。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据“The increase in temperature over this season may make you get skin illnesses easily. It is also important to exercise during the hot summer days. Walking, jogging and practicing tai chi are popular.”可知，本段主要是给出在小满时期关于健康方面的建议。故选C。 （六） 【来源】江苏省扬州市仪征市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he is pleased with a grade on a test. Or a person might smile if a friend tells a funny joke. People smile for many different reasons. But smiles are more than just a way for people to show that they are happy. There are other good reasons to smile often. First, it is easier to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile. But it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your face a rest and smile! Second, smiles are nice. People may try to look nice on the outside by wearing nice clothes. However, there is a famous saying: ______. That is because it is easy to be around someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to be around someone who is unhappy all the time. Third, smiles are helpful. Both smiling and laughing can quickly spread from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend (倾向) to laugh with him. If a person is sad, the best thing to do is to share a smile or laugh. It is the easiest and cheapest way to cheer someone up. Usually nobody would like to turn down the invitation which is offered by a person with a smile. Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even if you are mad or sad, try smiling. You’ll find that it will be hard to stay mad or sad for very long. 1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 3? A．If you smile at life, life will smile at you. B．A smile is the best thing a person can wear. C．Smile is the most beautiful language in the world. D．Life without smiles is like a spring without flowers. 2．What do the underlined words “turn down” in Paragraph 4 mean most possibly? A．accept B．discuss C．refuse D．share 3．What can we learn from the text? A．It takes people more muscles to show happiness. B．It is very good for people’s bodies to smile and laugh. C．Everyone wants to be around someone who is unhappy. D．If someone smiles, people around him don’t want to smile. 4．What can be the best title for this text? A．The power of smiling. B．The importance of happiness. C．Different ways of smiling. D．Ways of making people happy. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了微笑的好处。 1．推理判断题。根据“People may try to look nice on the outside by wearing nice clothes.”以及“That is because it is easy to be around someone who is smiling and happy.”可知，拥有微笑比穿漂亮的衣服更容易让人接近，因此B选项“微笑是一个人能拥有的最好的东西。”符合语境。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Third, smiles are helpful.”以及“Usually nobody would like to turn down the invitation which is offered by a person with a smile.”可知，通常没有人会拒绝一个面带微笑的人发出的邀请。因此划线单词的意思是“拒绝”，与refuse同义。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body.”可知，微笑和大笑对人的身体非常好。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了微笑的好处。因此文章的标题是“微笑的力量”。故选A。 （七） 【来源】江苏省泰州市姜堰区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 Chinese paper cutting, or jianzhi, has been practiced for thousands of years. To this day, it is still a popular form of art across the country. The art form is said to go back to the Han Dynasty. During that time, paper was very expensive. It was used mainly for writing and making important documents (文件). During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese people started using paper for artistic expression. Paper cutting became popular. Chinese paper cutting involves (包含) the use of scissors or a knife to cut designs out of paper. Common (常见的) themes include animals, plants and traditional Chinese symbols. Paper cuttings with the characters fu, shou and xi are often seen as well. In the past, paper cuttings were usually used as decorations for festivals. Today, red paper cuttings of the zodiac animals (生肖动物) are still common sights during Chinese New Year. These paper cuttings are put up on windows and doors and the practice is believed to bring good luck. Making a paper cutting takes several steps. First, the artist chooses a design and draws it on a piece of paper. Then, the artist carefully cuts out the design. As the last step, the finished paper cutting is pasted (贴) on a door, window or wall. Chinese paper cutting has become more than just a traditional art form. It is also a symbol of Chinese culture. In recent years, Chinese paper cutting has been enjoyed by people all over the world. It is used not only for decorative purposes, but also in fashion, design, advertising and more areas. Chinese paper cutting is a fragile (脆弱的) art form. Fortunately (幸好), some people are trying to keep this tradition alive. They want to make sure that it will be passed down to many more generations (代). 1．When did Chinese paper cutting become popular? A．In recent years. B．In the Han Dynasty. C．In the Tang Dynasty. D．About hundreds of years ago. 2．What does the underlined word “characters” mean according to the passage? A．汉字 B．人物 C．特点 D．角色 3．Which of the following is the RIGHT order of making a paper cutting according to the passage? ①Cut out the design carefully. ②Choose a design that you like. ③Paste the cutting on a door, window or wall. ④Draw the design on a piece of paper. A．①②③④ B．④②①③ C．②④①③ D．②④③① 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．The history of Chinese paper cutting is short. B．Chinese paper cutting will disappear very soon. C．Chinese paper cutting is only used as decorations. D．Chinese paper cutting is becoming more popular around the world. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chinese New Year B．Chinese Paper Cutting C．An Art Festival D．Modern Culture 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的剪纸。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese people started using paper for artistic expression. Paper cutting became popular.”可知，剪纸在唐朝流行起来，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“fu, shou and xi are often seen as well”可知，此句是说剪纸上的“福”、“寿”、“喜”等字也经常出现。所以“characters”的意思是“汉字”，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“First, the artist chooses a design and draws it on a piece of paper.”，“Then, the artist carefully cuts out the design.”和“As the last step, the finished paper cutting is pasted (贴) on a door, window or wall.”可知，制作剪纸的步骤是这样的。首先，选择一个设计，并把它画在一张纸上。然后，仔细地剪出图案。最后，将完成的剪纸粘贴在门、窗或墙上。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In recent years, Chinese paper cutting has been enjoyed by people all over the world.”可知，中国剪纸在世界上越来越受欢迎，故选D。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国的剪纸，故选B。 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$