上海市闵行第三中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷

20241008高三英语检测卷答案及听力文字 I. Listening Comprehension 1-5 CCABA 6-10 BBACD 11-13 ACB 14-16 BCC 17-20 ACDB II. Grammar and Vocabulary 21.recognized 22.that/which 23.more outgoing 24.to recharge 25.while 26.how 27.have answered /answer 28.an 29.whether /if 30.into III. Reading Comprehension 31-40 JIFBH DCKEG 41-55 BBDCA DCCCD AA ADC 56-66 BCAB BDA DBCD 67-70 BFDC Ⅳ. Summary Writing 概要参考： There are two reasons why children’s learning and development depend on the early childhood environment. First, the environment where children get their experiences determines the way of children’s brain development. Second, compared to other periods, children spend more time in early childhood settings. So a better early childhood environment should be set for children’s brain development. V. Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’) 72.是一瓶矿泉水帮助他在地震中活了下来。(It) It was a bottle of mineral water that helped him survive the earthquake. 73.无论是当地居民还是游客，拥堵都是一个令人头疼的问题。(alike) Congestion is a headache for residents and tourists alike. 74.根据最近的两项研究，在所有行业中，与从事同一行业的男性相比，女性使用ChatGPT的可能性更低。(likely) According to two recent studies, across all professions, women were/are less likely to use ChatGPT than men who worked/work in the same industry. 75.制造商声称，这款即将发布的电动汽车具有自动驾驶功能，可语音控制，一次充电仅需12分钟，就可以行驶600公里。(claim) The manufacturer claims that the EV to be launched features autonomous driving, voice control, and can travel 600 km on a single charge that takes only 12 minutes. Transcript for Listening Comprehension I. Listening Comprehension Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. W: You did well in the maths test, Ali. M: Not as well as Gill. She’s the brains in our class! Q: What does the man imply about Gill? 2. W: Can I use your computer this afternoon? Every time I go to the library, none of the ones there are free. M: I’ve got a big project to finish tomorrow. Is there anyone else you can ask? Q: What can be learned from the conversation? 3. M: I wish I could afford the season tickets to the opera. W: Well, just think of how much time you have to do other things. Q: What does the woman imply? 4. M: I can’t imagine that anyone would pay 7 dollars for this toothpaste. W: I guess this new toothpaste company knows something we don’t. It seems to be selling well. Q: What does the man think of the toothpaste? 5. M: If Jane calls, would you tell her I would be at the newspaper office between 11:00 a.m. and 1 p.m.? W: OK. Should I tell her she can reach you anytime after, say, 2 p.m.? Q: When should Jane come to meet the man? 6. W: Look at this place. It’s a complete mess. My roommate never helps clean anything. She’s always on the phone and... M: It sounds like one of you will have to go. Q: What does the man mean? 7. M: I’m really enjoying that literature class with Professor Benson. Wasn’t the lecture this morning interesting? W: To tell you the truth, I was so exhausted from staying up last night to finish the reading. Q: What does the woman mean? 8. W: That was really nice of you to look over my application to graduate school. What did you think of my answer to that last question? M: I think your statement is OK. But why do you mention only your courses? It seems that you should also describe your work experience. Q: According to the man, what should the woman have included in her answer to the last question? 9. M: I’m so sorry. Is that your coat over there? I just spilt the coffee on it. W: What? I have just taken it back from the cleaner’s. Q: What can be learned from the conversation? 10. W: Have you noticed what creative drawing Sidney makes? I’m surprised she is not interested in going into commercial art. M: I know. But I’m sure she’ll do well in law school too. Q: What can be inferred about Sidney? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Everyone knows that different cultures have different ideas about punctuality. But one country—Ecuador—is trying something new. A group called Citizens’ Participation has found that being late costs the country about $724 million each year. They report that more than half of all public events, as well as many government appointments and social activities, are late. The group is trying to make people aware of punctuality and reminding them to be on time. The government, including the Ecuadorian president, is supporting the effort. Hundreds of Ecuadorian organizations and companies have signed agreements to be on time. Posters have been put up that remind people: “If you’re late, someone else is waiting.” One newspaper prints a list of government officials who arrive to events late. The campaign has generally been well-received by the Ecuadorian people and it seems to be working. Many businesses have reported that more meetings are now beginning on time. Now listen again. Questions 11. What is the passage mainly about? 12. What has the group called Citizens’ Participation found about being late? 13. What is the Ecuadorian people’s response to Citizens’ Participation’s campaign? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Women are experts at gossiping, and they always talk about unimportant things, or at least that’s what men have always thought. However, some new research suggests that when women talk to women, their conversations are far from pointless, and cover many more topics than when men talk to other men. Women’s conversations range from health to their houses, from politics to fashion, from films to family, from education to relationship problems. Football is notably absent. Men tend to have a more limited range of subjects, the most popular being work, sports, jokes, and cars. According to Professor Petra Boynton, a psychologist at University College London, who interviewed over 1000 women, women also tend to move quickly from one subject to another in conversation, while men usually stick to one subject for longer periods of time. At work, this difference can be an advantage for men, where they can put other matters aside and concentrate fully on the topic being discussed. On the other hand, it also means that they sometimes find it hard to concentrate when several things have to be discussed at the same time in a meeting. Professor Boynton also says that men and women chat for different reasons. In social situations, women use conversation to solve problems and reduce stress while men chat with each other to have a laugh or to exchange opinions. Now listen again. Questions 14. What is the passage mainly about? 15. What do women seldom talk about while gossiping? 16. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. M: So, how long have you been here? W: For about six months now. M: Why did you choose Beirut? W: Because, Mike—my husband—and I have always loved Arab culture and the language. Mike’s an English teacher and he got a job here in a language school. M: Why did you want to take a year off? W: Basically, I wanted a break from teaching. I love teaching children but I needed a change. Also I’ve been drawing and painting since I was little but I’ve never really had the chance to study drawing. So this seemed like the perfect opportunity to have a change and learn to draw properly. M: What have you been doing here since you arrived? W: Well, I found a fantastic art teacher, called Omayma, and I’ve been having classes with her since October. She’s great and she speaks English, which is lucky because I don’t know much Arabic yet. But I am learning the language as quickly as I can. M: Is Arabic a difficult language to learn? W: Extremely difficult! Especially the pronunciation. You have to learn to make a lot of new sounds. Also it takes a long time to learn to read and write in Arabic. M: You also teach belly dancing here. W: That’s right. M: How did that happen? W: Well. I’ve been teaching belly dancing for about six years, and I love it so I wanted to continue doing it here. A lot of Lebanese women don’t know how to dance and they want to learn. I give classes here in my living room. We have a lot of fun! M: Are your students surprised that an English person is teaching them belly dancing? W: Yes, very. They’re really surprised to find that a foreigner loves Arabic music and understands something of their culture. M: What’s the best thing about living in Lebanon so far? W: The people. The people here are really generous and friendly. Now listen again. Questions 17. Why did the woman choose Beirut? 18. What has the woman been doing since she arrived in Beirut? 19. What does the woman find most difficult about the Arabic language? 20. According to the woman, what surprises those who learns belly dancing from her? That’s the end of listening comprehension. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$阅行三中2024学年第一学期高三英语检测 2024.10.8 I. Listening Comprehension SectionA Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. She is inferior to him in maths B. She doesn't work hard in maths. C. She is good at maths D. She didn't do well in this test. 2. A. The woman has lent her computer to somebody B. The computers in the library are not working C. The man needs his computer all afternoon D. The library will be closed later this aftermoon 3. A. Going to the opera is time-consuming B. There is no time left to book opera tickets C. She would like to go with the man to the opera. D. She will help the man pay for the opera tickets B. Expensive. C. Mysterious 4. A. Worth the price D. Good for health. B. At 12:00 p.m C. before 1:00 p.m 5. A. After 2:00 p.m. D. Around 11:00 a.m 6. A. The housework should be done by the roommate B. Either the woman or her roommate should move out C. The roommate shouldn't spend so much time on the phone. D. The woman does not clean her apartment often enough 7. A. She also thinks the lecture interesting B. She was too tired to enjoy the lecture C. She missed the leoture this morning D. She did not finish the reading before the lecture 8. A. Her work experience. B. The courses she has taken C. Her knowledge of the graduate school D. The description of her academic performance. 。; 9. A. The woman does not like to drink coffee in the afternoon B. It was not the woman's coat that the man spilled coffee on. ,。 C. The woman just had her coat cleaned D. The woman is not angry with the man 10. A. She hopes to get into art school B. She is working as a commercial artist C. She cannot decide upon a career D. She has talents other than drawing __.. 扫描全能王 创建 SectionB Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the guestion you haye heard Ouestions Il through 13 are based on the following talk 11. A. What a country does to promote punctuality. B. How businesses in Ecuador have been developing C. What people from different areas think of punctuality D. How Ecuador responds to Citizens' Participation's appeal 12. A. It has caused many public events to be cancelled. B. It is more common among government officials. C. It has cost Ecuador much money every year. D. It is a tradition with a long history in Ecuador 13. A. They work hard to protest against it. B. They are in favour of it. C. They hold meetings to discuss it D. They wait and see what will happen Ouestions I4 through 16 are based on the following passage 14. A. Why women need more gossip that men B. How women's conyersations are different from men's C. What research finds about topics preferred by men and women. D. Whether men can concentrate on one matter more easily than women. B. Politics. 15.A. Health. C. Football. D. Education 16. A. Women usually stick to one subject while talking with each other. B. Men are often good at dealing with several matters in a meeting C. Men's talk tends to cover only a small range of subjects D. Women's conversations are meant to exchange opinions Ouestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation 17. A. Her husband works there. B. She can speak Arabic C. It is a beautiful city. D. She needs a rest. 18. A. She has been travelling around the city B. She has been teaching children English. C. She has been learning drawing and painting D. She has been looking for an Arabic teacher B. Grammar. C. Writing. 19.A.Reading. D. Pronunciation 20. A. She is generous and friendly B. She loves Arabic music 2 扫描全能王 创建 C. She is good at dancing D. She understands English culture II. Grammar and Vocabulary SectionA Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank The MBTI Personality Test The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI, is a widely (21) (recognize) personality test that aims to help individuals gain a deeper understanding of themselves and their personality traits. Taking the MBTI test is fairly straightforward. For 15-20 minutes, you answer a series of questions (22) delve into your preferences and behaviors. These questions are designed to measure four key dimensions of your personality Extraversion (E) vs. Introversion (I) This dimension assesses whether you are (23)_(outgoing) and energized by social interactions (Extraversion) or you tend (24)_(recharge) through alone time and introspection (Introversion). Sensing (S) vs. Intuition (N) This looks at how you gather information. Sensing types rely on facts, details, and practicality. (25) Intuitive types focus on possibilities, patterns, and big-picture thinking Thinking (T)vs. Feeling (F) This dimension examines how you make decisions. Thinking types prioritize logic and objectivity, and Feeling types consider values, emotions, and personal considerations Judging (J) vs. Perceiving (P) This describes (26) you approach tasks and planning. Judging types prefer structure, organization, and closure, and Perceiving types are more flexible, spontaneous, and adaptable Once you (27) (answer) all the questions, you receive a four-letter code that represents your personality type. For example, if you get "ENTJ," it means you are an Extraverted Intuitive, Thinking, and Judging individual. In that moment, you might feel that the test really captured who you are, or you might be surprised and want to think about your tendencies anew According to (28) article from Forbes, some companies use these assessments to judge(29) a candidate's personality aligns with a job role. This seems unwise. People are complex, and a simple four-letter code cannot fully express their potential The MBTI has value as a tool for self-reflection and even fun. It can provide insights (30)_ your natural inclinations and help you understand your strengths and weaknesses. 3 进 扫描全能王 创建 However, it should not be used to evaluate others in a serious way. People are multidimensional, and their skills and abilities cannot be captured by a personality test SectionB Direetions: Complete the passage or sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. E.engage C.recipient D.acceptable B.forthcoming A.reveals E.commit I.tricks J.chew G.ingredient H.objective K.massive How to Make Your Resolution Sticl You know the old goal-setting proverb: Don't bite off more than you can 31 (especially if your goal is to lose weight.) But if that were all it took, you'd have nailed last year's plan-and the year before last's. New research is refining the art of goal-setting, offering some fresher, less obvious insight to make 2019 the year you finally do it Start now The turn of another year 32 us into seeing the big picture, our slates wiped clean. Take advantage of it. People 33 themselves to their goals more fiercely after a major benchmark like New Year's Day. Missed the Ist? Wait for a Monday. It's the most popular day of the week for starting diets and stopping smoking, studies show. Make a plan How's this for a terrible irony: the more you want your goal, the less you're likely to plan for it according to a(n) 34_ paper in the journal Behavioral Science and Policy. That's because we tend to think good intentions are enough, but an actual plan prevents procrastination(拖延). People with plans stick to their goals way more often than those who wing it But don't have a backup plan Backup plans backfire by zapping(打击) your desire to chase your main goal. In a series of new studies, people who wcre told to think up a Plan B were less likely to attain their main 35__. Researchers suspect that having backup goals may make failure feel somehow more 36_. Raise the stakes In a 2oo8 study, the most effective weight-loss plan was one in which people had to fork over cash if they didn't meet their goal. After 16 weeks, those with financial incentives lost 6KG more than those who just weighed in. Try it at stickK.com, a site designed by behavioral economists who will gladly donate your cash to a(n) 37 of your choice if you fail Chop it up You know how good it feels to tick off an item from your to-do list. Put that to work by hacking a(n) 38 goal (reading 24 books a year, for example) into parts (two per month). It's more gratifying than working away at one big goal, says George Wu, professor at the University of Chicago's Booth School of Business. Conserve your willpower Think of willpower as your greatest natural resource, but know that it's also a finite one, some experts say. Every time you 39_your willpower for one task-saying no to a glass of wine, passing up the free cookies at work-you have less to resist other temptations. Since willpower is the 扫描全能王 创建 _ secret 40_to meeting your goals, use it widely. III. Reading Comprehension SectionA Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Transition. It's a pleasant word and a calming concept. It means going surely and sweetly from somewhere present to somewhere future. Unless, that is, it is newspapers' 'transition' to the 41 world, an uncertain and highly uncomfortable process. Just look at the latest print circulation figures. The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian and many of the rest are down overall between 8% and 10% year-on-year, but their websites go ever higher All of that may well be true, depending on timing, geography and more. 42, everyone- from web academics to print analysis-says so. Yet pause for a while and count a few little things that don't43. One is the magazine world, both in the UK and in the US. It ought to be 44 , wrecked by the move to the tablets which fit existing magazine page sizes so perfectly. But, in fact, the rate of decline in magazine purchasing is relatively small, with subscriptions holding up strongly and advertising remarkable _45. As for news and current affairs magazines - which you'd expect to find in the eye of the digital storm - they had a 8.4% increase to report. In short, on both sides of the Atlantic, although some magazine areas went down, many showed rapid growth You can discover a 46 phenomenon when it comes to books. Kindle and similar e-readers are booming, with sales up massively this year. The apparent first step of transition couldn't be 47 . Yet, when booksellers examined the value of the physical books they sold over the last six months, they found it just 0.4% down. Screen or paper, then? It wasn't one or the other: it was 48. So if sales in that area have fallen so little, perhaps the 49 mostly affects newspapers? Yet again, though, the messages are oddly 50 . The latest survey of trends by the World Association of Newspapers shows that global circulation rose 1.1% last year (to 812 million copies a day). Sales in the West dropped back but Asia more than 51 the difference. Already 36o US papers-including most of the biggest and best - have built paywalls around their products. However, the best way of attracting a paying readership appears to be a deal that offers the print copy and digital access as some kind of 52 package. _53, print is also a crucial tool in selling internet subscriptions. And its advertising rates raise between nine and ten times more money than online Of course this huge difference isn't 54 news for newspaper companies, as maintaining both an active website and an active print edition is difficult, complex and expensive. But newspaper brands still have much of their high profile in print: a drift on the web, the job of just being 55_becomes far harder. B. online C. ideal 41. A. publishing D. unknown C. To begin with 42. A. On the other hand B. After all D. For instance 1_ 进 扫描全能王 创建 43. A. stop C. emerge B. exist D. fit B. advancing C. collapsing 44. A. regulated D. minimized B. simple C. creative 45. A. solid D. changeable B. common C. scientific 46. A. cultural D. similar C. clearer 47. A. later B. harder D. slower C. both 48. A. all B. neither D. either C. crisis 49. A. service B. system D. figure C. designed 50. A. right B. vague D. mixed C. took over 51. A. made up B. told apart D. held on C. modern B. mysterious 52. A. joint D. complex C. What's more B. On the contrary 53. A. In other words D. Even so C. big B. sad 54. A. new D. good C. noticed B. updated 55. A. spared D. edited Section B Direction: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read (A) I was a graduate student in Manhattan having breakfast on my rooftop on Sept. 11, 2oo1, when witnessed planes hit the Twin Towers. For months afterwards, I shook with anxiety every morning Unwilling to medicate, I tried everything else. Mindfulness meditation (冥想) caused panic attacks Hot yoga built muscle but did nothing for my anxiety. I went to talks by Buddhist monks and meditation teachers hoping to attain inner peace, but in vain. Finally, I attended a SKY Breath Meditation class, which involves a 20-minute breathing regimen(养生之道) in different postures and rhythms. Though I went in skeptical, I came out calm. Two decades later, I never missed a day of my breathing practice, not even when I gave birth. I've also devoted part of my research career to studying the benefits of breathing for mental health and well-being. Seven years after 9/11, I was working with veterans returning from war with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTsD). Traditional treatments had failed many of them, so my colleagues and I ran a randomized controlled trial to test the effects of SK Y breathing. Compared with the control group, veterans practicing SKY every day for one week saw their anxiety drop to levels typical of the general population. Even though most did not continue to practice, they maintained the benefits a year later. Emotions influence your breathing patterns, and changing your breathing can change your emotions. For example, anxiety and anger correspond to an irregular, short, fast breath. Adopting the slower and more regular breathing pattern that corresponds to a calm feeling signals relaxation by activating the vagus nerve(交感神经), slowing heart rate, easing blood pressure, and settling you down. A. simple exercise you can try is to close your eyes and breathe out for twice as long as you breathe in. Do this for five minutes in the morning, before a stressful meeting or as you transit from work to home 进 扫描全能王 创建 :. 56. Why did the author attend the SKY Breath Meditation class? A. To build up muscles B. To relieve inner anxiety. C. To learn more about meditation D. To quest for religious belief. 57. How did the author test the effects of SKY breathing? A. She worked with healthy veterans returning from war B. She chose victims suffering PTsD in the 9/11 incident C. She divided the veterans into two groups and compared results D. She cooperated with researchers from mindfulness meditation classes 58. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Breathing interacts with emotions. B. It is harmful to activate the vagus nerve C. Breathing out as long as you breathe in is a simple way to follow D. Breathing regimen should be carried out for five minutes every morning 59. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. PTSD: more awareness needed B. SK Y: bctter well-being attained C. Meditation: an effective treatment D. Breath: detailed ways to conduct (B) If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast (播客) series to explore. If you aren't sure where to start. have a look at these: The Joc Rogan Experience 30E ★★★★★ The Joc Rogan Experience is a great learning device because of its interesting English conversations between Rogan and his guests. At the time of writing there have been over 1.660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports. Rogan is also a famous stand-up comedian, so the show is full of cultural references and idioms. This American Life ★★★★★ This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want This an insight into the culture of the USA. It is a mixture of journalism and storytelling, focusing on real-life tales from citizens of all regions of American the country. The stories are new and varied. One episode was taped for Life 24 hours in an all-night restaurant: another interviewed workers on strike. , 扫描全能王 创建 The Writer's Voice ★★★★☆ The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story. In this podcast, the week's story is read aloud by its writer. The published work covers a wide range of life experiences across the United States and beyond. It's a great way to enjoy some of the best new fiction in the country Overheard at National Geographic ★★★★★ National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment. Overheard is about the discussions Nat OVERHEARD Geo emplovees have had while taking breaks. Expect crazy stories from explorers, photographers, and scientists from around the world 60. In order to fully enjoy these podcasts, you should A. have interaction with hosts B. have good English competence C. be interested in being a podcaster D. be familiar with American social life 61. Which podcast gives you more stories behind the scene? A. The Writer's Voice B. This American Life C. The Joe Rogan Experience D. Overheard at National Geographic 62. What do these podcasts have in common? A. They enjoy great popularity B. Their stories are set in America C. They are attached to magazines D. Their works are updated weekly (C) Everything we know suggests that the universe is unusual. It is flatter, smoother, larger and emptier than a "typical" universe predicted by the known laws of physics. If we reached into a hat filled with pieces of paper, each with the specifications of a possible universe written on it, it is unlikely that we would get a universe anything like ours in one pick-or even a billion The challenge that cosmologists face is to make sense of this specialness. One approach to this question is inflation-the hypothesis (假 设) that the early universe went through a stage of fas expansion. At first, inflation seemed to do the trick. A simple version of the idea gave correct predictions for the spectrum of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background. But a closer look shows that we have just moved the problem further back in time. To make inflation happen at all requires us to fine-tune the initial conditions of the universe. And unless inflation is highly tuned, it leads to a runaway process of universe creation. As a result, some cosmologists(字宙学家) suggest that there is not one universe, but an infinite(无限的)number with a huge variety of properties: the multiverse. There are an infinite number of universes in the collection that are like our universe and an infinite nurnber that are not. But the proportion of infinity to infinity is undefined, and can be made into anything the theorist wants. Thus the multiverse theory has difficulty making any firm predictions and threatens to take us out of the area of science 8 进 扫描全能王 创建 These other universes are unobservable and because chance dictates the random distribution of properties across universes, suggesting the existence of a multiverse does not let us get to anything about our universe beyond what we already know. As attractive as the idea may seem, it is basically a sleight of hand, which turns an explanatory failure into an apparent explanatory success. The success is empty because anything that might be observed about our universe could be explained as something that must. by chance, happen somewhere in the multiverse. We started out trying to explain why the universe is so special. and we end up being asked tc believe that our universe is one of an infinite number of universes with random properties. This makes me suspect that there is a basic but unexamined assumption about the laws of nature that must be overturned. Cosmology has new questions to answer. Not just what are the laws, but why are these laws the laws? How were they chosen? We can't just hypothesize what the initial conditions were at the big bang, we need to explain those initial conditions. Thus we are in the position of a computer program asked to explain its inputs. It is clear that if we are to get anywhere, we need to invent new methods and perhaps new kinds of laws, to gain a scientific description of the universe as a whole. 63. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of our universe? A. There are several hypotheses about its early stage. B. There are more than one billion universes similar to ours. C. It is expanding at a greater speed than it did at the stage of the big bang D. It is different from the predictions made according to the laws of physics 64. What does the writer imply about the hypothesis of inflation? A. It hasn't been challenged. B. It doesn't make much sense C. It is by far the most reasonable approach. D. It is the simple version of a complicated idea 65. Which word in the passage is similar in meaning to the phrase "sleight of hand" (paragraph 4)? C.trick B. prediction A. process D. infinity 66. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer A. believes the idea of the multiverse will help us to understand our universe better B. argues there is a fixed proportion of universes like ours to those unlike ours C. holds computer programs can work better than humans in cosmology D. thinks some laws of nature that we take for granted may be false SectionC Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once, Note that there are two more sentences than you need A. This fear is beneficial, because it keeps you alive to bred another day. B. In recent years, however, researchers have come to an unusual conclusion. C. These survivors may carry memories of terror along with their physical scars D. If a zebra escaped the claws of a lion, it would move on and live its life as before E. The same pattern has been shown in wild mice and in fish living with high levels of predator threat. F. They've found that fear of predators can cause other wild animals to bear and raise fewer young, too. 进 扫描全能王 创建 Do Wild Animals Get PTsD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder)? Every few years, snowshoe hare numbers in northwestern Canada climb to a peak. As hare populations increase, so do those of their predators. Then the hare population falls suddenly and predators start to die off. The cycle is a famous phenomenon among ecologists. 67__ Hare numbers decrease not just because predators eat too many of them. There's another factor: The long-term stress of living while being surrounded by killers. The trauma (创伤) of living through repeated predator chases triggers lasting changes ir: brain chemistry. Those changes keep the hares from reproducing at normal levels, even after their predators have died off. And it's not just snowshoe hares, as ecologists Liana Zanette and Michael Clinchy have shown Zanette and Clinchy, both at the university of Western Ontario, study the ecology of fear. It combines the psychology of trauma with the behavioral ecology of fear in wild animals. 68__ The off-springs of frightened song sparrows like those of stressed snowshoe hare, are less likely to survive to adulthood and succeed in reproducing. These findings add to a growing body of evidence which shows that fearful experiences can have long-lasting effects on wildlife. The work is also part of wider debate over whether PTSD is unique to humans Studies of the ecology of fear started in the 199os. Before then, scientists believed that the impact of a predator on an individual animal was either deadly or fleeting. 69 {__ But research shows that fear can change the long-term behaviour and psychology of wild animals. The reasons to fear are clear. Recent studies have found that up to 25% of harbor porpoises in the southern North Sea have claw and bite marks from gray seals. Almost 1oo% of manta rays in some African waters bear multiple bite wounds from sharks 70 Some of the most dramatic impacts of trauma have been observed in African elephants. Their populations have declined sharply due to poaching and habitat loss. Today, many surviving elephants have witnessed the cruel killing of their mothers and aunts. This has resulted in orphaned elephants running amok as they grow into adolescence IV. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Crucial Role of Early Childhood Environmen The environment we are in affects our moods, ability to form relationships, effectiveness in work or play - even our health. In addition, the early childhood environment has a very crucial role in children's learning and development for two important reasons. First, young children are in the process of rapid brain development. In the early years, the brair develops more synapses (神经元的突触) or connections than it can possibly use. Those that are used by the child form strong connections, while the synapses that are not used gradually disappear. 20 进 扫描全能王 创建