考题猜想 03 阅读理解 (期末必刷25篇)（必修一到选择必修一）-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（译林版2020）

考题猜想 03 阅读理解 (期末必刷25篇) （必修一到选择必修一） 语篇类型一: 应用文 Passage 1 （2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中） 4 Best Running Watches of 2025 No matter where you are on your running journey or what your goals are, having a little help tracking the miles, keeping an eye on your heart rate, or setting your pace can make a world of difference. Enter the running watch. Garmin Forerunner 265 It offers a lot more than just basic navigation (导航) and heart rate monitoring. It can track your sleep, recovery, heart rate variations, exercise quality, and more, which you can access in real time or a daily health report. List Price: $449.99 Battery Life: Up to 13 days in Smartwatch Mode Amazfit Band 7 Who said you need to spend hundreds of dollars to get a great running watch? With the Amazfit Band 7, you get everything you need for tracking your next run. Despite its affordable price, it’s still comfortable to wear and comes with a long list of color options for the wrist strap. List Price: $49.99 Battery Life: Up to 18 days Garmin Forerunner 55 If you’re new to running watches, starting with one that doubles as both a GPS tracker for running and a general smartwatch which you can use every day even if you aren’t running every day. The Garmin Forerunner 55 has many excellent features with impressive various sizes that make it a capable running watch. List Price: $199.99 Battery Life: Up to 14 days in Smartwatch Mode Polar Vantage V2 Running a marathon is serious business, so you want a running watch that takes your training seriously, too. The Polar Vantage V2 tracks just about everything you can think of when you’re training, when you’re not training, and when you’re asleep. Together, these indexes (指数) describe a convincing picture of your fitness, overall health, and activity levels, which gives you lots of information to work with when it comes to planning your next marathon. List Price: $499.95 Battery Life: Up to 7 days 1．What makes Garmin Forerunner 55 different from the others? A．It has the longest battery life. B．It has the most affordable price. C．It can be used even when you aren’t training. D．It is suitable for a green hand in running watches. 2．If you are enthusiastic about long-distance running, which one is your best choice? A．Garmin Forerunner 265. B．Amazfit Band 7. C．Garmin Forerunner 55. D．Polar Vantage V2. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A product ad. B．A research paper. C．A health report. D．A workout guide. Passage 2 （2025高一下·江苏南通·期中） The Australia’s only heritage-listed wildlife reserve is situated in natural bush land and alive with native wildlife. It is located just an hour by car from Sydney. Your schedule at a glance (minimum one week-maximum four weeks): Arrival Day, Sunday: Arrive at Sydney Kingsford Smith International Airport. You will be picked up from the airport and settle into your new home in Calga. Days 1 — 5, Monday — Friday (8 am to 5 pm): Meet the ranger (园林管理员) team and the animals. Learn how the reserve operates and how to find your way around. A ranger will work with you. Typical tasks include food preparation and daily cleaning for the animals. You also need to monitor general maintenance, bush regeneration (再生), and whatever else needs to be done.Day 6 — 7, Saturday & Sunday: If it is the end of your program, Saturday is a day off and Sunday you depart in the morning. The team will drive you to Gosford Station and help you use local online transport apps so you can plan your connection with flights or onward travel. If you’re extending, you can choose how to spend the weekend. Rest in the reserve or go to explore the local area or Sydney. Jump on the free shuttle to Gosford Station on Friday morning. Alternatively, you can arrange a taxi at a different time (taxis are at your own cost). Remaining weeks: The remaining weeks follow the schedule from Monday to Friday with weekends free. Want to join the program? Click here https://www.goeco.org/area/volunteer-in-australasia/ 4．What can you do in the reserve? A．Revise the rules of running the reserve. B．Feed animals and do cleaning for them. C．Work out the daily schedule for participants. D．Give animals a physical check-up by yourself. 5．How can you spend the weekends during the program? A．Having a guided tour by car. B．Taking a taxi to travel for free. C．Leaving the reserve forcefully. D．Heading out to Sydney by shuttle. 6．What is the purpose of the text? A．To promote the wildlife reserve in Australia. B．To inform the traveling schedule for visitors. C．To raise people’s awareness of protecting wildlife. D．To advocate volunteers participating in the program. Passage 3 （2025高一下·河北唐山·期中）While the teams of the FIFA World Cup 2022 in Qatar competed in the fields, it was worth noting that it was not only soccer that caught the world’s attention, but also the video assistant referee (VAR) technology (视频助理裁判技术). Like it or dislike it, the VAR is a part of football games today. Many football fans question whether the system made the game better or if it added an unnecessary complexity (复杂性) to the beautiful game as a number of debatable decisions were made involving the VAR — it slows down the game; the offside (越位) law sometimes becomes inflexible. The introduction of the VAR means top-level football games are now easily affected by stoppages and delays with the on-field referee often waiting for decisions to be made by those in offices often far away from the stadiums. Actually, the use of video match officials in football was included in the 2018/2019edition of the Laws of the Game and was already used at the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Since then, the system has been applied in over 100 competitions worldwide. Despite protest, FIFA considered the first use of the VAR to be a triumph, with referee committee head Pierluigi Collina claiming that 99.3 percent of “match-changing” decisions were called correctly at the World Cup — “very, very close to perfection”. Without the VAR, referees called 95 percent of the incidents correctly. Not only football, sports tech to support a referee’s decision-making is widely used by other major sports in professional and Olympic games to assist referees to make the correct decisions. Tennis employs the Hawk-Eye Live system on competition courts, and the NBA has long used instant replay and other-high-tech aids to make sure players are shooting within the time given by the shot clock in order for the referees to make the right call. We agree that sports tech is still not perfect in the field of sports events. People’s feelings are not towards those technologies themselves, but the current shortcomings of the application of the technology. However, fairness and consistency (一致性) should not be a zero-sum choice. Efforts should be improved further and reduce disturbance to beautiful games. 7．Why do many football fans question the VAR technology? A．It sometimes becomes inflexible. B．It leads to many arguable decisions. C．It makes competitions unattractive. D．It is easily affected by on-field referees. 8．What does the underlined word “triumph” mean in paragraph 4? A．Beginning. B．Test. C．Symbol. D．Success. 9．Why are tennis and the NBA mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To prove the variety of sports tech. B．To introduce the benefits of sports tech. C．To show sports tech’s wide application. D．To explain the development of sports tech. Passage 4 Grand Symphony Concert — A Musical Feast Not To Be Missed! Dear music enthusiasts, a soul-stirring symphony concert is about to grace your city! We sincerely invite you to join us in experiencing this musical feast and spend a delightful evening together.Date & Time April 20th, 2024, at 8 pm. Venue The City Concert Hall (Centrally located for your convenience with nearby subway at the Grand Station and multiple bus stops). Ticket Prices Standard Ticket: 300 yuan per ticket. Discounted Ticket: Students and seniors (age 60 and up) can get a 40% discount per ticket (Valid ID required for purchase). VIP Ticket: 600 yuan per ticket (Includes priority seating and a free beautiful gift). How to Purchase Tickets. Online Ticketing: Visit our official website or partner ticketing platforms, select your preferred seats, and complete the payment for your tickets. On-site Ticketing: On the day of the concert, you can purchase tickets directly at the City Concert Hall box office. Please note that to ensure sufficient seating, we recommend purchasing tickets online in advance. This symphony concert brings together renowned musicians from home and abroad, showcasing their masterful skills to present you with an audio-visual feast. From classical to modern, from romance to passion, you will experience the power and allure (吸引力) of music at this concert. Additionally, we’ve set up fun activities and a prize draw (抽奖) for everyone who comes, so you can have extra fun while you listen to the tunes. Music is a language we all understand. It brings us together. Come and join us at the concert to feel the beat and find a connection with each other. We can’t wait to see you there and make some great memories! 10．How much should a couple with a 12-year-old pay for the concert? A．540 yuan. B．600 yuan. C．780 yuan. D．900 yuan. 11．Which is the recommended way to book a ticket with a seat? A．Visiting ticket partners’ offices. B．Reserving tickets online. C．Calling the official number. D．Buying tickets at the box office. 12．What opportunity will audience have during the concert? A．To become lucky dogs. B．To learn a new language. C．To perform on the platform. D．To be VIP ticket holders. 语篇类型二: 记叙文 Passage 1 （2025河北省衡水市阜城县阜城实验中学高一下学期4月期中） My teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked “Who broke this window?” Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done, but also what our teacher may have found out. She seldom became angry, but she was this time. “Oh,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. But I didn’t mean to do it. Actually, it was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball. If I admitted guilt, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn’t even get pocket money. “My father is going to be extremely angry.” I thought. I didn’t want to raise my hand, but some force much stronger pulled it upward. I told the truth. “I did it.” It was hard enough to say what I had. My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I knew my teacher had never struck a student, but I feared she was going to start with me. “I know how you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down at my guilty face. “Here is a field guide about birds. It is yours now. It’s time we got a new one for the school. You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed, I am rewarding you for your honesty.” I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide — the very one that I had been saving money to buy. What my teacher taught me that day is about a lesson, which remains in my heart every day, and I will appreciate it forever. 1. From the story, we can learn that the boy _____. A. didn’t break the window on purpose B. lacked the strength to admit his guilt C. tried to discover who broke the window D. knew what the teacher would find out 2. The boy thought the following would happen EXCEPT that________ if he admitted guilt. A. He would be punished by the teacher B. He would make his father angry C. He would pay for the broken window D. He would get a bird field guide 3. Which of the following best describes the changes in the boy’s feelings? A. Afraid — Surprised — Thankful. B. Frightened — Amazed — Proud. C. Regretful — Guilty — Excited. D. Nervous — Afraid — Satisfied. 4. Which of the following is the best title of this text? A. Every coin has two sides. B. Honesty is the best policy. C. Bad luck never comes alone. D. It’s never too late to be careful. Passage 2 （2025高一下·河北张家口·期中）When I was in high school, school was a big part of my life. I spent most of my days there, learning new things and having fun with my friends. But one experience really stood out and has stayed with me. One sunny morning in my first year of high school, my English teacher came into the classroom with a big smile. She told us that we would be putting on a musical at the end of the year. I had always loved singing and dancing, but I had never really tried it before. This was a chance I decided to catch. During the practices, I was filled with both excitement and nervousness. Sometimes I would forget my words and feel really worried, my heart beating wildly in my chest. But when we performed well, I felt so proud and happy, like we had achieved something truly special. Through all these ups and downs, my classmates and I became really close. We laughed together, encouraged each other, and shared our fears and hopes. We became a team, working together towards a common goal. On the night of the musical, I stood behind the curtains waiting for my turn. I couldn’t believe how far we had come. We had worked so hard and now we were ready to show everyone what we could do. Then the curtains opened and we started performing in front of a full audience. When we finished, thunderous applause filled the hall. I felt a sense of pride that I had never felt before. This experience taught me a lot. I learned how important it is to work together as a team and to keep trying even when things are hard. I also learned that it’s good to try new things and step out of my comfort zone. Looking back, I’m really thankful for that opportunity and all the lessons it taught me. It was one of the most unforgettable experiences of my life. So, I encourage everyone to step into the unknown and take advantage of the opportunities that come your way. You never know what amazing memories and lessons they might bring. 5．How did the author feel about the musical at first? A．Eager. B．Worried. C．Nervous. D．Hesitant. 6．What do we know about the author during the practices? A．He forgot the lines due to his bad memory. B．He experienced a mix of feelings. C．He went through the process smoothly. D．He became nervous for lack of preparation. 7．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A．The author played the leading role. B．The classmates didn’t get along well. C．The performance was a great success. D．The author used to act in many plays. 8．What does the author inspire others to do? A．To show thanks. B．To try new things. C．To act in musicals. D．To leave nice memories. Passage 3 （2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中）The pleasant smell of freshly baked bread filled the air as I opened my lunch box to see what my mom had prepared for me. On any other day, I would have eagerly dug into my mom’s homemade bread—a family recipe that I often enjoyed at home. But not today, the day a kind classmate had invited me, the new student, to join her friends for lunch. As I prepared to walk over to the table, memories of previous school lunches came flooding back. I remembered feeling embarrassed as my friends would make faces when I brought homemade bread. I had once insisted that my mom pack “regular” lunches like store-bought sandwiches, and she had unwillingly agreed. From then on, my lunches were filled with typical school fare (饭菜). However, that day, she had packed a loaf of freshly baked bread from the night before. As soon as I reached the new lunch table, I tried to hide my lunch box under my seat. I sat quietly, hoping not to draw attention to myself when Emily, a new friend, asked where my food was. “I’m not really hungry,” I replied in a hesitant voice. But Emily had already seen me with my lunch, so she said, “Then, I’ll try it!” I didn’t want to be rude, so I reluctantly pulled out my lunch box. I prepared myself for their reactions, expecting them to turn up their noses (不屑一顾). But to my surprise, Emily took a small piece of bread and took a bite. My new friends were amazed at how delicious it was. They hadn’t expected homemade bread to taste so good. I felt a wave of pride and gratitude wash over me. When I got home that afternoon, my mom noticed the empty bread container. She hesitated before asking, “How was the food?” I paused for a moment, then replied, “It was perfect, Mom. If possible, can I still have your homemade bread for lunch tomorrow?” 9．How did the author feel about her lunch that day according to paragraph 2? A．Calm. B．Unsatisfied. C．Joyful. D．Content. 10．Why did the author try to hide her lunch box under her seat? A．She didn’t want to share her food with others. B．She didn’t feel hungry and wanted to skip the meal. C．She was afraid her friends would make fun of her food. D．She was embarrassed because she had forgotten to bring her lunch. 11．How did the author react when her friends wanted to taste the homemade bread? A．She shared it out of politeness. B．She tried to control her temper. C．She refused to pull out her lunch box. D．She had a sense of pride and gratitude. 12．What can we infer from the passage? A．The author expected Emily to dislike the homemade bread. B．Emily was trying to embarrass the author by asking about her food. C．The author will continue to enjoy her mom’s homemade bread for lunch. D．It was the first time that the author had brought homemade bread to school. Passage 4 A heart attack led Ivan Markov to take up gardening on a small patch (小块土地) in front of his council flat. Now, he’s spreading his love of nature across south London. Markov grew up on Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea, and learned to love nature in these tropical zones. In 2007, he moved to Lewisham, south-east London, to work as a teacher. Unfortunately, he was diagnosed with heart failure in 2010. During the treatment and recovery, he read about a local award for best garden, and though he only had a front garden outside his flat, he thought the competition would be something to work towards. He worked on his patch for most of the year, planting seeds and plants, such as flowers, berries and herbs. Surprisingly, he won the best front garden prize. “I couldn’t believe it,” he says. “I nearly fell off my seat.” That was the start. Markov created a community nursery (苗圃) at the side of his house, and started planting bushes across the road. “I had so much beauty in my garden,” he says. “I wanted to share what I had.” He started offering guide to others. News of Markov’s green-fingered selflessness began to spread. “I go to someone’s property and give them advice on how to plant a garden,” he says. He delivers cuttings and seeds and helps people report plants, but everything he does is free. To date, Markov has helped six neighbourhoods embrace sustainable gardening. He wants to show people you don’t have to live in the country to create beauty. “It doesn’t matter how much space you have. Outside my place there’s a tiny square, tiny. I grow tomatoes there for my supper. The opportunities are endless.” Gardening gives Markov “the feeling of creating something from nothing and so much pleasure”. His dream is to create more green areas. Markov is making this corner of south-east London a paradise for all. 13．What can be inferred about Markov in paragraph 2? A．He worked as a gardener. B．He failed in the competition. C．He won an education prize. D．He turned out a green finger. 14．Which can best describe Markov according to paragraph 3? A．Smart and courageous. B．Confident and diligent. C．Generous and warm-hearted. D．Humorous and energetic. 15．What may Markov agree about gardening? A．Selflessness values a lot. B．Skilled techniques are needed. C．Much space is important. D．Desire to take actions matters. 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．The origin of a community nursery. B．A creator of a green paradise for all. C．A positive spirit against difficulty. D．The harmony of human and nature. 语篇类型三: 说明文 Passage 1 (2025河北省衡水市阜城县阜城实验中学高一下学期4月期中) Sometimes, what my seven-year-old tabby cat Ophelia wants is obvious. Crying in front of her empty food bowl at dinner time clearly indicates she’s at risk of starvation. Other times, though, her meows are a complete and total mystery. That’s where Sergei Dreizin and Mark Boyes, computer scientists at Akvelon, a software engineering company based in Bellevue, Washington, say they can help. They are the brains behind the MeowTalk app, which aims to “give cat owners the best tools available” for interpreting their pet’s needs. When Boyes and Dreizin were looking for data to inform their new app, they came across 2019 research that revealed cat meows contain certain shared characteristics. The study authors then built a computer program to analyze audio recordings of 21 adult cats meowing. The MeowTalk founders used these audio recordings of tens of thousands of meows to develop their computer models, which is fueled by artificial intelligence. And it worked. 2021 study found MeowTalk can classify nine feline (猫科的) phrases with 90 percent accuracy. The free app records your feline’s meows and translates them into a small range of phrases, such as “I’m annoyed.” and “Feed me!” Users can rate the accuracy of MeowTalk’s translations, which further improves the computer model. Launched in November 2020, the app has been downloaded over 20 million times, and Dreizin estimates that the program has analyzed over a billion meows to date. “We’re the largest depositors of meows in this galaxy,” he quips. The app is part of an expanding suite of technologies designed to help us communicate with our furry friends. Another is FluentPet, which trains your pet to press buttons to communicate a need; for instance, a cat can learn to press a button that says the word “play”. Cat behaviorist and communication expert Charlotte de Mouzon isn’t convinced of these products’ accuracy, but strengthening your relationship with your cat is always a wise goal. “If people play with the app, maybe they will become more attentive to their cats,” says de Mouzon, of Paris Nanterre University. 1. How can computer scientists at Akvelon help cat owners? A. By making cats’ needs fulfilled. B. By getting cats rid of starvation. C. By filling the empty food bowls. D. By solving the mysteries of cats’ meows. 2. What can be inferred from paragraph 5? A. Users think the app very helpful. B. Users can help to promote the app. C. Dreizin thinks the app is the most accurate. D. The program has analyzed billions of meows. 3. What’s Charlotte’s attitude to this kind of apps? A. Doubtful. B. Conservative. C. Positive. D. Negative. 4. What is the purpose of the the text? A. To comment on two apps. B. To compare two similar apps. C. To introduce the new technology. D. To recommend an app to cats’ owners. Passage 2 (2025湖南省长沙市芙蓉高级中学高一下学期期中) If there is one thing that comes to mind when the words “South Pacific” are spoken, then it must be coconut palms (椰子树). Most of us have images of all attractive coconut palms lining sandy beaches. But the coconut tree is more than a central characteristic of picture postcards bought by tourists. To people of the South Pacific, the coconut tree is also known as the “Tree of Life”. It gets this name because of the different kinds of products which the coconut palm provides from its various parts. From the leaves down to its roots, it plays a great part in the life of many island people. The coconut tree provides food, shelter, fuel as well as income from exports. Coconut leaves produce good-quality paper pulp (纸浆), hats, wastebaskets and bags. Flesh (果肉) and water (often called the milk) from the young, green coconut can be taken as a healthy food and drink. It is also used in salads and other tasty dishes. Coconut husks (外壳) it are often thrown away, but they can be used to produce different kinds of useful products such as ropes, fishing nets, and floor coverings. Coconut water can be used in the production of wine and is also used to treat a number of medical problems. The white coconut flesh is a good source of coconut oil, coconut chips, and feed for animals. The trunk of the coconut tree is a strong and durable wood, which can be used to build houses. Medicines and dyes (燃料) are obtained from the roots. The English oak, the Lebanon cedar or the Australian gum tree all have a place in history but the coconut palm is the only true “Tree of Life”. 512. Why is the coconut palm called the “Tree of Life”? A. It has a long lifetime. B. It is mostly exported. C. It has a vast range of uses. D. It is necessary for islanders. 6. Which part of a coconut tree can be used to treat some diseases? A. Leaves. B. Flesh. C. Husks. D. Water. 7. What does the underlined word “durable” mean in paragraph 7? A. long-lived. B. wet. C. flexible. D. rough. 8. What’s the major purpose of the text? A. To introduce a useful type of plant. B. To announce some new discoveries. C. To tell readers about island people’s life. D. To explain how to make full use of coconut leaves. Passage 3 （2025高一下·河北张家口·期中）A surprisingly efficient and powerful Chinese AI model has taken the technology industry by storm. It’s called DeepSeek R1, which makes Wall Street nervous. The new AI model was developed by DeepSeek, a company that was born in 2023. R1 can nearly match the capabilities of its far more famous competitors, including OpenAI’s GPT-4, Meta’s Llama and Google’s Gemini — but it costs much less. The company spent just $5.6 million powering its base AI model, compared with the hundreds of millions of dollars American companies spend. But R1 gained significant attention this week when the company revealed its shockingly low cost of operation. And it is open-source, which means other companies can test and build upon the model to improve it. The DeepSeek app has been downloaded nearly 2 million times. AI development needs a lot of power and money. Meta said it would spend $65 billion this year on AI development. Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, said the AI industry would need even more dollars in investment to support the development of high-in-demand chips (芯片). Andreessen, who set up Andreessen Horowitz, calls DeepSeek one of the most amazing and impressive achievements that he has ever seen in a post on the Internet. If that potentially world-changing power can be achieved at a significantly reduced cost, it will open up new possibilities and threats to the planet. Although the cost-saving achievement may be significant, the R1 model hasn’t yet proven it can deal with some of the extremely ambitious (耗资的) AI capabilities for industries that for now still require huge and large amounts of investment. 9．Which makes DeepSeek Rl amazing? A．Its developers. B．Its latest chips. C．Its cost-effectiveness. D．Its application fields. 10．What is Andreessen’s attitude on capabilities of DeepSeek R1? A．Positive. B．Uninterested. C．Doubtful. D．Negative. 11．What can be inferred about the R1 model? A．It reaches perfection. B．It is dangerous for humans. C．It still has technology bottle-neck. D．Its cost can’t go down any more. 12．Which is the best title for the text? A．DeepSeek R1’s Limiting Factors B．AI’s High-cost Problem C．DeepSeek R1: Low-cost Wonder D．AI Competitors: A Big Race Passage 4 （2025高一下·广西贵港·期中）In September, a sixth-grade class from a Chinese school began a different journey. Under the organization of the parent association, the students began a 5-kilometer morning jogging program in a park of Beijing, with the aim of improving their fitness, building self-confidence, and developing patience. Every Saturday morning, with a parent chosen as the coach to guide them, they laced up their shoes and set off. The first run was a real challenge. After running just several hundred meters, a few students were out of breath. Some couldn’t even make it halfway, and others had to rely on each other for support to reach the finish line. However, despite the many difficulties, their determination never wavered. Along the way, many felt energetic. Most made it to the end by completing their 100th run on Saturday to celebrate their upcoming graduation, as they had been exercising regularly. In recent years, some surveys have shown that the rate of obesity among students who are short of exercise is increasing rapidly. According to an authority report, one in five individuals aged six to seventeen is now overweight, a significant rise from one in twenty in 1995. In addition to weight problems, the lack of exercise has also led to an increase of short-sightedness in schools. Recognizing the potential link between decreased physical activity and health-related problems, various measures have been taken to reduce students’ academic pressure and increase their exercise time, such as reducing the after-school homework burden. The sixth-grade jogging program serves as an inspiring example, offering a solution to help students find more time to experience health, happiness, and friendship through physical activity. It shows that with dedication and support, even a simple jogging routine can have a great effect on the well-being of young students. 13．Why did the parent association organize the morning jogging program? A．To meet the parents’ requirements. B．To live up to the coach’s expectations. C．To improve the students’ physical and mental health. D．To replace the school’s present physical education classes. 14．What can we learn about the students in the first run? A．Few of them felt energetic. B．Most of them gave up halfway. C．None of them completed the run. D．Not all of them made it to the end. 15．How is the seriousness of being overweight on students shown in paragraph 3? A．Through data comparison. B．Through an unofficial report. C．Through the schools’ prediction. D．Through individual imagination. 16．Which word can best describe the morning jogging program? A．Traditional. B．Influential. C．Global. D．Limitless. Passage 5 （2025高一下·江西上饶·期中）A rare moss (苔藓) called takakia has adapted over hundreds of millions of years to survive the extremes of life on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. And there is a team of researchers who have been studying the moss for nearly ten years. Takakia includes just two species, both of which are found only on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Takakia in this location has been buried under snow for eight months of the year, and it faced strong UV rays when it came from its snowy cover. Takakia has been developing here for over 65 million years, with the habitat increasingly becoming extreme. The researchers record how climate change has greatly changed the moss’ habitat within just a few years. And the team is surprised to find takakia’s shape in 165 million-year-old fossils (化石) , showing that genetic changes affecting the shape developed more than 165 million years ago under wildly different conditions. Despite having hundreds of millions of years to adapt to climate change, the little moss will be ended if the global climate keeps getting warmer. Since they began taking measurements of takakia’s habitat in the early 2010s, the researchers have described an average temperature increase of almost 0.5℃ per year. Meanwhile, the glacier (冰川) near sample sites is melting at an alarming pace-around 50 meters per year. The researchers note that takakia’s populations have become significantly smaller over the study period. During the ten years, the coverage of takakia’s populations decreased by 1.6% every year, faster than that of four local common mosses — a trend they expect to continue. “Our study shows how valuable takakia is in tracing the development of land plants. The population reduction we found is frightening,” a researcher says. “Luckily, knowing that the plant is threatened by extinction also gives us a chance to protect it. For example, we can grow it in the lab,” another researcher says. “Takakia has seen the dinosaurs come and go. It has seen us humans coming. Now we can learn something about adaptive ability and extinction from this moss.” 17．What can be inferred about takakia on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from the text? A．Its habitat is free from snow. B．It has been developing wildly in China. C．It has adapted to extreme conditions for quite a time. D．Its genes have been unchanged for millions of years. 18．What might be the main threat to takakia according to paragraph 3? A．The rise of glacial water. B．Human harvesting. C．The competition with the local mosses. D．Global warming. 19．What is the attitude of the two researchers in the last paragraph to takakia? A．Curious. B．Concerned. C．Indifferent. D．Impatient. 20．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The Ancient History of Takakia B．The Unique Adaptive Ability of Takakia C．The Threatened Survival of Takakia D．The Rapidly Increasing Population of Takakia Passage 6 ADHD is a complex disorder that goes far beyond the stereotypical image(刻板印象) of an overactive child unable to sit still in class. It’s a lifelong condition that affects both children and adults, impacting various aspects of daily life. While its core involves impaired(受损的) mental processes like planning, focusing, and multitasking, an equally critical yet less recognized challenge is emotional dysregulation(失调)—the difficulty in managing and relieving one’s emotional responses, which profoundly impacts work, relationships, and self-esteem. The emotional experience of ADHD is often described as a rollercoaster, characterized by extreme highs and lows that can change rapidly and unpredictably. During the “highs,” individuals may feel an intense surge of energy, creativity, and enthusiasm. They might embark on new projects with uncontrolled optimism, feeling unbeatable and capable of conquering the world. This state of hyper-focus and excitement can be incredibly productive, leading to bursts of creativity and accomplishment. However, these peaks are often followed by equally intense “lows”. The drop into this emotional low can be sudden and confusing. Feelings of disappointment, frustration, and self-doubt may overwhelm the individual, leading to a sense of paralysis or hopelessness. These lows can be caused by various factors, including perceived failures, criticism, or simply the natural decline of the initial excitement. The impact of these emotional fluctuations on daily life and relationships can be profound. At work, the highs might lead to bursts of productivity, while the lows can result in missed deadlines and underperformance. In personal relationships, the intensity of emotions can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. Partners, friends, and family members may struggle to keep up with the rapid mood changes, leading to strain in these relationships. Understanding what ADHD feels like is an ongoing process, not just for those who have it, but for society as a whole. By fostering greater awareness and empathy(共鸣), we can create a more inclusive and supportive environment for individuals with ADHD to thrive in all aspects of their lives. 21．What is the “rollercoaster” used to illustrate? A．The thrill-seeking nature of ADHD patients. B．The fast shifts between emotional extremes. C．The physical restlessness in classroom settings. D．The medical treatment process for ADHD． 22．What does the underlined word “fluctuations” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Extension. B．Duration. C．Changes. D．Decreases. 23．What does the author advise people to do to help those with ADHD? A．To develop stricter behavioral guidelines. B．To promote medication as the primary solution. C．To focus more research on childhood symptoms. D．To show them more understanding and support. 24．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A personal blog. B．A book review. C．A Philosophy book. D．A Mental Health website. Passage 7 Eight hours shovelling snow in -20℃ might not sound like the ideal day out, but a committed team of volunteers in Finland are working dawn to dusk building enormous snow drifts (雪堆) for one of the world’s most endangered seals. The Saimaa ringed seal was once common around Lake Saimaa in the south-east of Finland, but now only 495 of them remain. In the late 1980s the population of the seals decreased to its lowest point, with fewer than 200 left, driven by hunting and deaths caused by fish traps. Accidental deaths in fishing nets remain a challenge. Now, the seals are fully protected but the threat of the climate emergency is worrying. The seals make “snow caves” inside snow drifts where they raise their young and protect them from the elements and predators such as red foxes, but as the climate warms, the snow is disappearing. To save these rare seals, 300 volunteers spend days shovelling snow into piles 7m long and 1.5m high around the edge of the frozen lake. “It’s kind of a snow cave,” says Vincent Biard, a PhD student and volunteer from the University of Eastern Finland. “The seals come from under and dig into the snow drifts to create a cave where they can give birth and raise their young.” They get around on foot or skis, dragging their equipment with them over a distance of 10km. Biard describes the day as “kind of fun”, and adds, “you actually have an impact, which is nice. If we don’t do it, then they would just go extinct quite quickly.” More than 300 pups have been born in artificial snowdrifts since they started making them in 2014. “We are on a rising growth curve, so things still look pretty nice,” says Jari Ilmonen, coordinator of Our Saimaa Seal Life, which is an EU-funded programme. “We are doing what we can, so we have to have hope and positive thoughts.” Human-made snow drifts are larger and “more durable than natural snow drifts”, says Ilmonen. “By the first half of February most of the natural ones had melted away, but the manmade ones stood strong.” 25．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The two functions of snow drifts. B．The threats to the Saimaa ringed seals. C．The big concern about global warming. D．The full recovery of the seals’ population. 26．Which of the following can best describe the work of the volunteers? A．Effective but boring. B．Valuable but impractical. C．Demanding but fulfilling. D．Dangerous but enjoyable. 27．What does Ilmonen say about manmade snow drifts? A．They can help all marine life survive winters. B．They are more comfortable than natural ones. C．They will not melt until the end of the spring. D．They have seen progress in protecting the seals. 28．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To celebrate an effort to protect wildlife. B．To introduce one of endangered animals. C．To explain benefits of artificial snowdrifts. D．To raise the awareness of the climate crisis. Passage 8 As we researchers predicted, we found that picky eaters scored worst on our tests of food recognition: Food neophobia (食物新奇恐惧症) is negatively related to food recognition ability. While we were publishing our findings, scientists were debating new findings about how the brain reacts to food and color. Different research groups had identified brain areas in the visual system that responded preferentially to images of food. For instance, looking at a bowl of noodles would activate these brain areas, but not looking at a pile of string. The scientific disagreement was about what it meant to identify a selectivity for food in brain areas already known for their responsiveness to color. We repeated our initial study with gray-scale images of food. The result showed without color, people unsurprisingly made more errors, mistaking different dishes as the same, but the pattern of variation across people was otherwise unchanged. Those with a higher general visual ability did better with food. We also found one effect of removing color: Food neophobia was no longer related to food recognition ability. It was as if whatever advantage the adventurous eaters had gained over picky ones was all dependent on color. We then made an entirely new prediction: Would people with color blindness be less food neophobic than those with normal color perception? Because the colorblind experience food in a restricted range of color, certain signals that raise flags about freshness, safety, or otherwise drive anxiety about novel food could be limited. We invited participants online, based on how they answered one question about color blindness buried in a long screening questionnaire. The survey suggested colorblind people were indeed less food neophobic than the non-colorblind. Seeing the world with a narrow color range seems to ease an emotion-based resistance to novel foods. Our findings pave the way for addressing extreme cases of food neophobia. As researchers learn more about the complicated relevance between color perception and food, we might develop targeted interventions to improve dietary habits. 29．Which can activate the specific brain areas more easily? A．A piece of cake. B．A pair of shoes. C．A series of books. D．A pile of string. 30．What happened when color was removed from food images? A．Mistakes were on the rise. B．Food neophobia worsened. C．Recognition accuracy improved. D．Adventurous eaters were at an advantage. 31．What did the survey conclude about colorblind people? A．They are less familiar with food types. B．They are more open to nutritious foods. C．They are less likely to resist new foods. D．They are more worried about food safety. 32．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Supporting evidence for the research results. B．Potential application of the research findings. C．A further explanation of the research methods. D．A reasonable doubt about the research process. Passage 9 （2025高一下·江苏南通·期中）Can science fiction tell us about the future? Setting aside aliens and spaceships, much contemporary science fiction is concerned with themes such as the impact of artificial intelligence, the danger of ecological collapse and the misuse of corporate power. In all these cases, science fiction writers are taking advantage of the freedom that this type of writing gives them to think about ongoing concerns and picture what they might lead to in the future, coming to surprising and thought-provoking conclusions. All of those do have some predictive value. It means science fiction can play a useful role as a way to predict technological, social and political trends — but in the near term, not the distant future in which it is often set. This is the first of three ways in which science fiction can give us a glimpse of the future. The second is that it can help broaden the mind when assessing future scenarios (设想) for planning purposes, both in government and in business. France’s Defence Innovation Agency is setting up a “red team” of sci-fi writers to propose scenarios that might not have occurred to military planners. Arup, an engineering firm, commissioned Tim Maughan, a science-fiction writer, to create four scenarios of what everyday life might look like as a result of climate change. Tech giants including Google, Microsoft and Apple have also employed sci-fi writers as consultants, using a process sometimes called “design fiction.” And then the third one is more direct: by inspiring people in the tech industry who want to make these fictions a reality. The creation of the mobile phone at Motorola was motivated by the handheld wireless communicators from Star Trek, and Amazon’s Alexa voice-assistant by the talking computer on the Enterprise. The Kindle was inspired by an electronic-book device in Neal Stephenson’s novel The Diamond Age, and an entire industry is trying to bring to life the virtual world he described in Snow Crash. The future technology leaders are certainly reading science fiction today. 33．What does the author think of science fiction? A．It focuses mainly on aliens and spaceships. B．It explores current issues to imagine the future. C．It addresses the contemporary existing problems. D．It aims to predict technological progress in the future. 34．Why do the government and the business hire sci-fi writers? A．To give support to their creations. B．To better understand science fiction. C．To benefit from their expansive imagination. D．To enhance their influence and commercial value. 35．How does the last paragraph show the impact of science fiction? A．By listing main points. B．By giving examples. C．By analyzing causes. D．By explaining a concept. 36．What is the main idea about the text? A．Why is science fiction gaining popularity? B．Science fiction provides insights into the future. C．How does science fiction broaden people’s vision? D．Science fiction serves as an inspiration for inventions. Passage 10 Natural Disasters Require Special Building Design Natural disasters happen everywhere in the world. Many cause property damage and loss of life. But researchers say the severity (严重性) of their effects can be reduced if people take steps to prepare. A new exhibit teaches what governments and individuals can do to lessen the effects. Chrysanthe Broikos organized the exhibit at the National Building Museum. She says large buildings and other structures can survive strong earthquakes if they are built with some level of flexibility. In other words, they need to be able to bend and move as the earth shakes. “We need to let buildings move and we can actually understand where they might fail, and then go in and design buildings with that in mind.” One building design is called a “special moment frame”. It enables movement at points where large load-bearing supports join each other. Rubber-based foundation blocks let buildings move, while huge shock absorbers (缓冲器) help to limit the shaking. The museum exhibit has a model of a wind wall. The model shows how some roofs or tops of buildings are more likely to be destroyed than others because of the strong winds of hurricanes. Chrysanthe Broikos says tests show that a reasonable angled roof is best able to withstand wind storms. In areas with powerful winds, researchers have strongly urged the creation of at least one “safe room”. This is a place where building occupants can spend the most dangerous part of the storm. Another concern is how to deal with storms and flooding. Some coastal communities in the U.S. have made artificial reefs from oysters (牡蛎) shells instead of rocks. The builders use shells collected from restaurants to create the barriers. Chrysanthe Broikos also suggests setting aside land along the coast for parks instead of housing. She says this is more natural and keeps valuable property away from danger. As for forest fires, researchers now suggest clearing an area about 60 meters wide around a single-family house. “What that means is trying to keep that area free of material that easily burns.” 37．What does Chrysanthe Broikos think about the buildings that can survive strong earthquakes? A．They should be fixed enough. B．Their height needs to be reasonable. C．Their location is the most important. D．They are mobile and bendable. 38．What does the underlined word “that” in the third paragraph refer ? A．Lessening the effects. B．Where they might fail. C．Designing buildings. D．Special moment frame. 39．Which of the following belongs to the measures to deal with storms and flooding ? A．Don’t build houses along the coast. B．Set aside land for parking cars. C．Make artificial reefs from rocks. D．Raise oysters in large number. 40．What is the passage mainly about ? A．Different types of natural disasters. B．Preparations for natural disasters. C．Reactions to natural disasters. D．Effects of natural disasters. 语篇类型四: 议论文+其他文体 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏扬州·期中）From Beijing, more than 400 kilometers away, all the way up north, the temperature gradually drops. With the emergence (出现) of fire prevention warnings, Saihanba (塞罕坝), known as a “miracle on earth”, begins to come into view. In October, the cold wind blowing from Siberia has dyed (染色) Saihanba golden. In Mongolian, Saihanba means beautiful high mountains. However, Saihanba was a desert of “yellow sand covering the sky and flying birds without inhabiting trees” 62 years ago. Whenever the north wind blows, the windy sand located in Inner Mongolia will drive southward, reaching Beijing and Tianjin. After more than half a century of forest plantation, people who have come to Saihanba can hardly imagine the arid (干旱) scene. Sometimes, a gust of wind passes by, and they would just sigh and shout how strong the wind is, but they would not feel sandblasted (喷砂). On Oct 9, watchmen Liu Jun and Wang Juan were observing the surrounding forest area on a watchtower in Saihanba Forest Farm in Hebei province. Liu is in charge of the observation and Wang keeps recording. “Spring and autumn are the critical fire prevention periods for our forest farm. We need to stay here for three months, have three meals a day, work and live in the building,” says Liu Jun, who has been devoted to observation for 13 years. Although it looks simple, the job is quite the burden on their shoulders. Only by enjoying loneliness can they keep this forest in good condition. Saihanba today is not only a “green Great Wall” for windbreak (防风林) and sand fixation (固化), but also a timber (林木) source. Many people would doubt why the trees that have grown up here are to be cut down in a planned way. Liu explains that most of the trees here are planted forest, and the forest species are relatively single, unlike natural forests that can adapt on their own and survive the fittest. The selective cutting of plantation forests is more like thinning when farmers plant crops. Only in this way can the nutrient area be expanded and diseased plants also be removed to ensure the healthy development of the forest areas. 1．How does the author show the great change of Saihanba? A．By giving examples. B．By analyzing causes. C．By making comparisons. D．By quoting experts’ words. 2．Which of the following can best describe the watchmen’s job? ①Boring   ②Time-consuming  ③Complex  ④Lonely  ⑤Meaningful A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③⑤ D．②④⑤ 3．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the selective cutting of plantation forests? A．It helps remove diseased plants from healthy ones. B．It benefits the healthy development of the forest areas. C．It means cutting down the trees casually and randomly. D．It aims to make the trees planted here less thick or dense. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Timber Farm. B．The Green Guardian. C．The Golden Miracle. D．The Sand Wasteland. Passage 2 （2025高一下·陕西咸阳·期中）Florence, a historic city in Italy known for its Renaissance art and architecture, is taking action to cut overtourism. The city has introduced new measures, including banning (禁用) key boxes used by short-term rental landlords and restricting the use of loudspeakers by tour guides. These steps come after complaints (投诉) from the locals, who are struggling with the growing number of tourists. Florence, located in Tuscany, has long been a popular destination for travelers. However, in recent years, the number of visitors has sharply increased, putting pressure on the city’s housing market and its residents. Many people have been forced out due to rising living costs. To address these issues, the city’s government has approved (批准) a 10-point plan to reduce the impact of tourism. One of the key actions is to ban key boxes — combination-protected lockboxes used by landlords for easy check-ins. These were used in the city’s UNESCO-listed historic center, home to famous works by artists such as Botticelli, Michelangelo and Giotto. The plan also targets the use of “atypical vehicles”, like golf carts, which tour guides use to show visitors around the city in areas where cars are not allowed. The use of loudspeakers by tour guides will also be banned in these areas. These changes are part of an effort to make Florence a living and unique city for both the locals and tourists. The city council noted that there has been a sharp rise in the number of tourists, with more than 7.8 million visitors in just the first nine months of 2024． Florence is the latest of several destinations to introduce measures to cut mass tourism. Last week, the archaeological site of Pompeii said it would be capping daily visitors at 20,000 and requiring personalized tickets. However, Italy’s Tourism Minister Daniela Santanche suggested that overtourism in Italy is caused by poor management, and instead of cutting mass tourism, the country should focus on improving the experience for visitors. 5．What can we learn about Florence according to the text? A．It stops the use of loudspeakers. B．It plans to lift the ban in two weeks. C．It has long been a draw for visitors. D．It turns a blind eye to the complaints. 6．Why does Florence introduce the new measures? A．To build a livable city. B．To cut the cost of the trade. C．To attract more tourists. D．To better control air traffic. 7．What does the underlined word “capping” in paragraph 6mean? A．Increasing. B．Inspiring. C．Watching. D．Limiting. 8．What did Santanche want to say about overtourism in Italy? A．It lies in the rapid growth of a city. B．It is a product of mismanagement. C．It can be solved by the new efforts. D．It is caused by ill-mannered visitors. Passage 3 The interplay between literature and scientific research has been evident throughout history. At a surface level, literature often anticipates future scientific developments, and science, in turn, provides a rich source of inspiration for literary creation. However, the interaction between these two goes beyond mere creativity; it invites deeper thoughts on the ethical (道德的) and philosophical impacts of technological advancements. For instance, science fiction works like Isaac Asimov’s I, Robot play a direct role in shaping and inspiring the development of artificial intelligence (AI). This book pictures a future where robots coexist with humans and are governed by the “Three Laws of Robotics”. These laws not only influence the real-world AI research but also become a cornerstone in the debate surrounding AI ethics. These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge, making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp. Yet, the influence of literature on science extends even further. Take Liu Cixin’s The Three-Body Problem as an example. The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs — they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen impacts of technological advancements in the future? The true value of literature in relation to science is its ability to stir the pot. It not only question what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. While science focuses on problem-solving and innovation, literature makes us consider the broader influence on nature and society, ensuring our progress is guided by wisdom, understanding, and humanity. 9．What do we know about I, Robot? A．It instructs scientists in detail. B．It boosts research on bridges. C．It facilitates public access to science. D．It sets laws for robots in the real world. 10．Why does the author mention The Three-Body Problem? A．To point out the complexity of science. B．To warn about the dangers of technology. C．To show literature’s moral concerns about science. D．To suggest literature’s direct influence on innovation. 11．What do the underlined words “stir the pot” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Explore and explain. B．Challenge and reflect. C．Assume and examine. D．Educate and entertain. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Science: the Blueprint of Literature B．Science: a Whisper in Literature’s Ear C．Literature: a Critical Insight into Science D．Literature: the Gateway to Scientific Ideas Passage 4 （2025高一下·福建福州·阶段练习）For more than six decades Bob Dylan has remained a mythical force in music, his deep voice and poetic lyrics (歌词) reflecting over war, heartbreak, and death in songs that brought beauty to life’s greatest tragedies (悲剧). But Bob Dylan’s place as one of the world’s greatest artistic figures was developed further on Thursday when he was named the surprise winner of the Nobel prize in literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”. After the announcement, the secretary of the Swedish Academy, Sara Danius, said it had “not been a difficult decision” and she hoped the academy would not be attacked for its choice. “We hoped the news would be received with joy, but you never know,” she said, comparing the songs of the American songwriter to the works of Homer and Sappho. “We’re really giving it to Bob Dylan as a great poet — that’s the reason we awarded him the prize. He’s a great poet in the great English tradition, stretching from Milton and Blake onwards. And he’s a very interesting traditionalist, in a highly original way. Not just the written tradition, but also the oral one; not just high literature, but also low literature.” Though Dylan is considered by many to be a musician, not a writer, Danius said the artistic reach of his lyrics and poetry could not be put in a single box. “I came to realise that we still read Homer and Sappho from ancient Greece, and they were writing 2,500 years ago,” she said. “They were meant to be performed, often together with instruments, but they have survived, and survived incredibly well, on the book page. We enjoy their poetry, and I think Bob Dylan deserves to be read as a poet.” Not everyone was overjoyed by the announcement, however. Irvine Welsh, the author of Trainspotting, said that although he was a Dylan fan “this is an ill-conceived nostalgia (怀旧) award”. The novelist Hari Kunzru was equally doubtful (怀疑的). “This feels like the unconvincing Nobel win since they gave it to Obama for not being Bush,” he said. 13．What can we infer from Swedish Academy’s award decision? A．They praised musical creativity over literary traditions. B．They redefined literary works to include oral traditions. C．They changed artistic standards for political correctness. D．They separated lyrical composition from poetic achievement. 14．The comparison of Dylan’s songs to Homer and Sappho’s works mainly serves ________. A．to highlight the commercial success of modern songwriting B．to emphasize the academic recognition of oral traditions C．to contrast ancient poetry with modern musical forms D．to raise Dylan’s lyrical achievements to classical standards 15．The underlined word “ill-conceived” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A．ill-treated B．greatly damaged C．poorly thought out D．ill-intended 16．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Bob Dylan’s music has inspired generations of musicians. B．Bob Dylan won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his poetic songwriting. C．Bob Dylan’s award receives many praises from musicians. D．Bob Dylan’s lyrics are more popular than his music. Passage 5 It would be hard, Gabriel Garcia Márquez thought, to do justice to the surreal tale on screen. By his reckoning, One Hundred Years of Solitude, his landmark novel of 1967, would need a runtime of 100 hours and have to be filmed in Colombia, entirely in Spanish. Netflix, with the support of Márquez’s estate (遗产) agency, has honoured two of those three proclamations (声明). The streamer boasts that its new adaptation of Márquez’s novel—the first on screen—is “one of the most ambitious productions in Latin American history”. It has decided to compress Márquez’ s novel into 16 episodes, with the first released on December 11th, 2024. The book presents a huge challenge to film-makers for two reasons. One is its status: many think One Hundred Years of Solitude was the greatest novel of the 20th century. It helped Márquez to win the Nobel Prize in literature in 1982 and has sold some 50m copies worldwide. With affection comes expectation. When the TV show was announced, fans online were quick to express their fears about an oversimplified, “caricatured” (讽刺描画的) retelling. Those remarks point to the other test for adapters, which is the novel’s sheer complexity. Set in around 1850-1950, the book traces the fortunes of the Buendía family across several generations. When Netflix approached Alex Garcia López, a director, about the project, he was excited but worried. “I remember the book having very little dialogue. I remember it being a very existential kind of book and jumping all over the place. I just thought: ‘This is just not really doable, is it?’” It was José Rivera, one of the screenwriters, who decided the story should proceed chronologically and that it needed a narrator. It quotes from the novel word for word. “It was a great way of having Gabriel’s voice guide us through the story,” Mr López says, “and a way to be ‘faithful to the book and to its style’.” To write One Hundred Years of Solitude Márquez drew on his childhood town of Aracataca. Almost 60 years later, Netflix is hoping this is true of its version. Márquez’s book, after all, is about history repeating itself. 17．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Márquez made a legal claim against a copyright theft. B．Márquez spent 100 hours completing his landmark novel. C．Netflix got much support from Márquez to adapt his novel. D．Netflix is proud of its new adaptation of Márquez’s novel. 18．Why is it a great challenge for the filmmakers to adapt Márquez’ s novel? A．There is a fear about the clumsy performance of the actors. B．The adaptation may rock the status of the work in literature. C．The original novel unfolds a considerably complicated plot. D．Fans hold an impractical expectation of the adapted movie. 19．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．The effective strategies of adaptation. B．The introduction to the production staff. C．The writing style of the adapted novel. D．The strange contents of the screen work. 20．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Márquez’s Classic: An Ambitious Literature Work B．Netflix: A Successful Streamer to Make Film Adaptation C．One Hundred Years of Solitude: From the Shelf to the Couch D．Challenges for Filmmakers: From Complexity to Simplification Passage 6 When asked to explain his success, Eero Mantyranta, who won seven Olympic medals in cross-country skiing, hardly mentions a genetic (基因) change that gives him extra red blood cells which can store more oxygen than everyone else’s. Instead, he says things like, “If you think about doing the unthinkable, you can!” or “Easy is not an option. No days off. Never quit.” It is understandable to popularize tales of iron discipline and hard work in sports. After all, the jobs of millions of coaches and sports psychologists — not to mention the Olympians who want to translate their gold medals into “life lessons” for the public — depend on the notion. But the worship of hard work has spread far beyond sports and has become a fast growing part of our culture at large. For example, Malcolm Gladwell even advocates in his book, Outliers, that hard work is not only necessary but sufficient for success. This has caught the public imagination, and can be seen everywhere. Social media is also full of successful businessmen telling people to get up at 4:00 am and avoid social life. Sure, hard work is important. But talent matters too and it can come from anywhere. Studies of athletes find that top competitors improve more quickly with smaller amounts of practice than ordinary folks. This extends to other fields, too. The amount of practice needed to become a top violinist varies hugely between individuals and only a few can work to the top. Perhaps, it is depressing to admit that talent matters, as we are brought up on the idea that anyone can make it if they just put in the hours. But it is, I think, a rather unhealthy principle on which to found a society. For one thing, the hard work myth may lead us directly to a hothouse culture: If hard work and achievement are joined by a straight line, why ever pause for a rest? The hard work myth may also keep a champion from emerging a little later in life, from a group that wasn’t constantly coached from birth by resource-rich parents. 21．What does the author suggest about Eero Mantyranta? A．He is born to be a good skier. B．He is very frank with his success. C．He can be a top coach in the future. D．He has worked longer than anyone else. 22．What is the Olympians’ main purpose in stressing hard work according to the text? A．To encourage talented athletes. B．To share their hard-learned lessons. C．To take advantage of the public. D．To help their coaches and psychologists. 23．What will the author most probably advise us to do? A．Follow the advice of influencers. B．Get up early and work hard every day. C．Get professional training as early as possible. D．Figure out the strengths and put in hard work. 24．What does the author think of the hothouse culture? A．Scientific. B．Harmful. C．Necessary. D．Entertaining. Passage 7 When you’re driving around the same block, keeping searching, because there’s nowhere to park your car, any suggestion that America devotes too much space to parking might seem foolish. But consider this: in a typical year, the country builds more three-car garages than one-bedroom apartments. Even the crowded cities reserve lots of street space to store private vehicles. And local laws across the country require house and apartment builders to provide off-street parking, whether residents need it. Step back to assess the result: it’s obvious that more square footage is devoted to parking each car than to housing each person. That Americans like driving is hardly news, but all the above talking isn’t finding fault with cars. The complaint is about parking — or, more to the point, about everything we have given up for it. Over the years, cities and towns have torn down grand old structures to make way for it. All those 9-foot-by-18-foot rectangles of asphalt (柏油路) haven’t only damaged the environment or these once-valued architectural styles, but also upset the crucial social goal of housing affordability. This misplaced priority has put the country in a bind. For decades, even as rents rocketed and climate change worsened, the prevalence (盛行) of parking spaces discouraged anyone from noticing their social impact. But the parking space has been eating up our living space for sure, with or without our knowledge. Here an optimist may give the excuse that some of the country’s largest cities have no choice but to renegotiate the relationship among people, cars, and parking spaces. However, parking space’s conquering the city in the 20th century was already so complete that, in the 21st, people need to recognize that the rules have to change, and that the constant promotion of parking spaces is already weakening cities and crowding out other needs. Some of the most consequential social problems are the ones hiding in plain sight, but parking isn’t even hiding. It’s just everywhere — for us to take seriously. 25．In which section can we most probably read this passage? A．Travel. B．Features. C．Front page. D．Public welfare. 26．The underlined phrase in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______. A．lead the country to trouble B．discourage residents from buying cars C．annoy the local residents D．weaken the country’s overall strength 27．What can we imply about parking space’s role in the 20th century cities? A．It failed to meet the growing parking demands. B．It completely dominated urban planning priorities. C．It was a necessary renegotiation by the city government. D．It unexpectedly brought about problems to people’s daily life. 28．What can be concluded from the passage? A．America should continue expanding parking though it is harmful. B．Cities in the 21st century should absolutely stop building more garages. C．Excessive parking space is damaging the society so it should be limited. D．Housing and other problems are not as urgent as insufficient parking space. 25 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考题猜想 03 阅读理解 (期末必刷25篇) （必修一到选择必修一） 语篇类型一: 应用文 Passage 1 （2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中） 4 Best Running Watches of 2025 No matter where you are on your running journey or what your goals are, having a little help tracking the miles, keeping an eye on your heart rate, or setting your pace can make a world of difference. Enter the running watch. Garmin Forerunner 265 It offers a lot more than just basic navigation (导航) and heart rate monitoring. It can track your sleep, recovery, heart rate variations, exercise quality, and more, which you can access in real time or a daily health report. List Price: $449.99 Battery Life: Up to 13 days in Smartwatch Mode Amazfit Band 7 Who said you need to spend hundreds of dollars to get a great running watch? With the Amazfit Band 7, you get everything you need for tracking your next run. Despite its affordable price, it’s still comfortable to wear and comes with a long list of color options for the wrist strap. List Price: $49.99 Battery Life: Up to 18 days Garmin Forerunner 55 If you’re new to running watches, starting with one that doubles as both a GPS tracker for running and a general smartwatch which you can use every day even if you aren’t running every day. The Garmin Forerunner 55 has many excellent features with impressive various sizes that make it a capable running watch. List Price: $199.99 Battery Life: Up to 14 days in Smartwatch Mode Polar Vantage V2 Running a marathon is serious business, so you want a running watch that takes your training seriously, too. The Polar Vantage V2 tracks just about everything you can think of when you’re training, when you’re not training, and when you’re asleep. Together, these indexes (指数) describe a convincing picture of your fitness, overall health, and activity levels, which gives you lots of information to work with when it comes to planning your next marathon. List Price: $499.95 Battery Life: Up to 7 days 1．What makes Garmin Forerunner 55 different from the others? A．It has the longest battery life. B．It has the most affordable price. C．It can be used even when you aren’t training. D．It is suitable for a green hand in running watches. 2．If you are enthusiastic about long-distance running, which one is your best choice? A．Garmin Forerunner 265. B．Amazfit Band 7. C．Garmin Forerunner 55. D．Polar Vantage V2. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A product ad. B．A research paper. C．A health report. D．A workout guide. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年四款最佳跑步手表。 1．细节理解题。根据Garmin Forerunner 55部分“If you’re new to running watches, starting with one that doubles as both a GPS tracker for running and a general smartwatch which you can use every day even if you aren’t running every day. (如果你是跑步手表的新手，可以从一款既能作为跑步的GPS追踪器，又能作为普通智能手表开始，即使不是每天都跑步，也可以每天使用。)”可知，适合新手的跑步手表是Garmin Forerunner 55，这是它与其他手表不同的地方。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Polar Vantage V2部分“Running a marathon is serious business, so you want a running watch that takes your training seriously, too. The Polar Vantage V2 tracks just about everything you can think of when you’re training, when you’re not training, and when you’re asleep.(跑马拉松是一件严肃的事情，所以你也想要一款认真对待你训练的跑步手表。Polar Vantage V2几乎可以追踪你在训练时、不训练时以及睡觉时能想到的一切。)”可知，Polar Vantage V2可以追踪在训练时、不训练时以及睡觉时能想到的一切，非常适合热衷于长跑的人。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章标题“4 Best Running Watches of 2025(2025年四款最佳跑步手表)”以及下文分别介绍了这四款手表的特点、价格和电池寿命等信息可知，这篇文章可能来自产品广告。故选A。 Passage 2 （2025高一下·江苏南通·期中） The Australia’s only heritage-listed wildlife reserve is situated in natural bush land and alive with native wildlife. It is located just an hour by car from Sydney. Your schedule at a glance (minimum one week-maximum four weeks): Arrival Day, Sunday: Arrive at Sydney Kingsford Smith International Airport. You will be picked up from the airport and settle into your new home in Calga. Days 1 — 5, Monday — Friday (8 am to 5 pm): Meet the ranger (园林管理员) team and the animals. Learn how the reserve operates and how to find your way around. A ranger will work with you. Typical tasks include food preparation and daily cleaning for the animals. You also need to monitor general maintenance, bush regeneration (再生), and whatever else needs to be done.Day 6 — 7, Saturday & Sunday: If it is the end of your program, Saturday is a day off and Sunday you depart in the morning. The team will drive you to Gosford Station and help you use local online transport apps so you can plan your connection with flights or onward travel. If you’re extending, you can choose how to spend the weekend. Rest in the reserve or go to explore the local area or Sydney. Jump on the free shuttle to Gosford Station on Friday morning. Alternatively, you can arrange a taxi at a different time (taxis are at your own cost). Remaining weeks: The remaining weeks follow the schedule from Monday to Friday with weekends free. Want to join the program? Click here https://www.goeco.org/area/volunteer-in-australasia/ 4．What can you do in the reserve? A．Revise the rules of running the reserve. B．Feed animals and do cleaning for them. C．Work out the daily schedule for participants. D．Give animals a physical check-up by yourself. 5．How can you spend the weekends during the program? A．Having a guided tour by car. B．Taking a taxi to travel for free. C．Leaving the reserve forcefully. D．Heading out to Sydney by shuttle. 6．What is the purpose of the text? A．To promote the wildlife reserve in Australia. B．To inform the traveling schedule for visitors. C．To raise people’s awareness of protecting wildlife. D．To advocate volunteers participating in the program. 【答案】4．B 5．D 6．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚一个野生动物保护区的志愿者项目，详细说明了工作内容及日程安排。 4．细节理解题。根据Days 1 — 5部分的“Typical tasks include food preparation and daily cleaning for the animals. (平常的任务包括为动物准备食物和进行日常清洁)”可知，志愿者可以在保护区给动物喂食，给它们做清洁。故选B项。 5．细节理解题。根据Day 6 — 7部分的“Rest in the reserve or go to explore the local area or Sydney. Jump on the free shuttle to Gosford Station on Friday morning. (留在保护区休息，或是去探索当地或悉尼的风景。周五早上可以搭乘免费班车前往戈斯福德车站)”可知，志愿者可以在项目期间乘坐班车前往悉尼度过周末。故选D项。 6．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Want to join the program? Click here https://www.goeco.org/area/volunteer-in-australasia/ (想加入这个项目吗？点击此处https://www.goeco.org/area/volunteer-in-australasia/)”可知，文章主要介绍志愿者在澳大利亚一个野生动物保护区的工作内容及日程安排，并附上报名链接。由此可知，其目的是招募志愿者参与该项目。故选D项。 Passage 3 （2025高一下·河北唐山·期中）While the teams of the FIFA World Cup 2022 in Qatar competed in the fields, it was worth noting that it was not only soccer that caught the world’s attention, but also the video assistant referee (VAR) technology (视频助理裁判技术). Like it or dislike it, the VAR is a part of football games today. Many football fans question whether the system made the game better or if it added an unnecessary complexity (复杂性) to the beautiful game as a number of debatable decisions were made involving the VAR — it slows down the game; the offside (越位) law sometimes becomes inflexible. The introduction of the VAR means top-level football games are now easily affected by stoppages and delays with the on-field referee often waiting for decisions to be made by those in offices often far away from the stadiums. Actually, the use of video match officials in football was included in the 2018/2019edition of the Laws of the Game and was already used at the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Since then, the system has been applied in over 100 competitions worldwide. Despite protest, FIFA considered the first use of the VAR to be a triumph, with referee committee head Pierluigi Collina claiming that 99.3 percent of “match-changing” decisions were called correctly at the World Cup — “very, very close to perfection”. Without the VAR, referees called 95 percent of the incidents correctly. Not only football, sports tech to support a referee’s decision-making is widely used by other major sports in professional and Olympic games to assist referees to make the correct decisions. Tennis employs the Hawk-Eye Live system on competition courts, and the NBA has long used instant replay and other-high-tech aids to make sure players are shooting within the time given by the shot clock in order for the referees to make the right call. We agree that sports tech is still not perfect in the field of sports events. People’s feelings are not towards those technologies themselves, but the current shortcomings of the application of the technology. However, fairness and consistency (一致性) should not be a zero-sum choice. Efforts should be improved further and reduce disturbance to beautiful games. 7．Why do many football fans question the VAR technology? A．It sometimes becomes inflexible. B．It leads to many arguable decisions. C．It makes competitions unattractive. D．It is easily affected by on-field referees. 8．What does the underlined word “triumph” mean in paragraph 4? A．Beginning. B．Test. C．Symbol. D．Success. 9．Why are tennis and the NBA mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To prove the variety of sports tech. B．To introduce the benefits of sports tech. C．To show sports tech’s wide application. D．To explain the development of sports tech. 【答案】7．B 8．D 9．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了视频助理裁判技术（VAR）在足球比赛中的应用及其引发的争议。7．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many football fans question whether the system made the game better or if it added an unnecessary complexity (复杂性) to the beautiful game as a number of debatable decisions were made involving the VAR(许多球迷质疑这一系统是否让比赛变得更好，或者是否给这场美丽的比赛增加了不必要的复杂性，因为许多有争议的决定都涉及到VAR)”可知，球迷质疑VAR系统的原因是它做出了许多有争议的决定，故选B。 8．词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词后的“99.3 percent of “match-changing” decisions were called correctly at the World Cup—“very, very close to perfection”(世界杯上99.3%的“改变比赛”判罚是正确的，“非常非常接近完美”)”以及“Without the VAR, referees called 95 percent of the incidents correctly.(在没有VAR的情况下，裁判正确判罚了95%的事件。)”可知，世界杯上99. 3%的“改变比赛”的判罚被认为是正确的判罚，而在没有视频助理裁判的情况下，裁判判罚的正确率为95%。由此可知，国际足联认为视频助理裁判的首次亮相是很成功的。triumph的意思是“成功，胜利”，和Success意思相近。故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据第五段“Not only football, sports tech to support a referee’s decision-making is widely used by other major sports in professional and Olympic games to assist referees to make the correct decisions.(不仅仅是足球，支持裁判决策的体育技术也被广泛应用于其他主要的职业和奥运会项目中，以帮助裁判做出正确的决定。)”可知，第五段提到网球和NBA是为了要展示体育科技的广泛应用，故选C。 Passage 4 Grand Symphony Concert — A Musical Feast Not To Be Missed! Dear music enthusiasts, a soul-stirring symphony concert is about to grace your city! We sincerely invite you to join us in experiencing this musical feast and spend a delightful evening together.Date & Time April 20th, 2024, at 8 pm. Venue The City Concert Hall (Centrally located for your convenience with nearby subway at the Grand Station and multiple bus stops). Ticket Prices Standard Ticket: 300 yuan per ticket. Discounted Ticket: Students and seniors (age 60 and up) can get a 40% discount per ticket (Valid ID required for purchase). VIP Ticket: 600 yuan per ticket (Includes priority seating and a free beautiful gift). How to Purchase Tickets. Online Ticketing: Visit our official website or partner ticketing platforms, select your preferred seats, and complete the payment for your tickets. On-site Ticketing: On the day of the concert, you can purchase tickets directly at the City Concert Hall box office. Please note that to ensure sufficient seating, we recommend purchasing tickets online in advance. This symphony concert brings together renowned musicians from home and abroad, showcasing their masterful skills to present you with an audio-visual feast. From classical to modern, from romance to passion, you will experience the power and allure (吸引力) of music at this concert. Additionally, we’ve set up fun activities and a prize draw (抽奖) for everyone who comes, so you can have extra fun while you listen to the tunes. Music is a language we all understand. It brings us together. Come and join us at the concert to feel the beat and find a connection with each other. We can’t wait to see you there and make some great memories! 10．How much should a couple with a 12-year-old pay for the concert? A．540 yuan. B．600 yuan. C．780 yuan. D．900 yuan. 11．Which is the recommended way to book a ticket with a seat? A．Visiting ticket partners’ offices. B．Reserving tickets online. C．Calling the official number. D．Buying tickets at the box office. 12．What opportunity will audience have during the concert? A．To become lucky dogs. B．To learn a new language. C．To perform on the platform. D．To be VIP ticket holders. 【答案】10．C 11．B 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于盛大交响乐音乐会的宣传介绍，包括时间、地点、票价、购票方式、参演音乐家以及相关活动等信息。 10．细节理解题。根据Ticket Prices部分中“Standard Ticket: 300 yuan per ticket.(标准票：每张300元)以及“Discounted Ticket: Students and seniors (age 60 and up) can get a 40% discount per ticket (Valid ID required for purchase).(优惠票：学生和老年人(60岁及以上)每张票可享受40%的折扣(购票时需出示有效身份证件))”可知，一对夫妇加上一个12岁的孩子，其中孩子可以享受学生折扣，因此票价为两张成人票加一张学生票，即300×2+300×(1−40%)=600+180=780元。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据How to Purchase Tickets部分中“Online Ticketing: Visit our official website or partner ticketing platforms, select your preferred seats, and complete the payment for your tickets.(在线购票：访问我们的官方网站或合作伙伴售票平台，选择您喜欢的座位，并完成票务支付)”可知，推荐的预订座位方式是在线购票。故选B项。 12．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Additionally, we’ve set up fun activities and a prize draw(抽奖) for everyone who comes, so you can have extra fun while you listen to the tunes.(此外，我们还为每位到场的朋友设置了有趣的活动和抽奖环节，让您在聆听曲目时能有更多的乐趣)”可知，观众在音乐会期间有机会参加抽奖成为幸运儿。故选A项。 语篇类型二: 记叙文 Passage 1 （2025河北省衡水市阜城县阜城实验中学高一下学期4月期中） My teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked “Who broke this window?” Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done, but also what our teacher may have found out. She seldom became angry, but she was this time. “Oh,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. But I didn’t mean to do it. Actually, it was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball. If I admitted guilt, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn’t even get pocket money. “My father is going to be extremely angry.” I thought. I didn’t want to raise my hand, but some force much stronger pulled it upward. I told the truth. “I did it.” It was hard enough to say what I had. My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I knew my teacher had never struck a student, but I feared she was going to start with me. “I know how you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down at my guilty face. “Here is a field guide about birds. It is yours now. It’s time we got a new one for the school. You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed, I am rewarding you for your honesty.” I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide — the very one that I had been saving money to buy. What my teacher taught me that day is about a lesson, which remains in my heart every day, and I will appreciate it forever. 1. From the story, we can learn that the boy _____. A. didn’t break the window on purpose B. lacked the strength to admit his guilt C. tried to discover who broke the window D. knew what the teacher would find out 2. The boy thought the following would happen EXCEPT that________ if he admitted guilt. A. He would be punished by the teacher B. He would make his father angry C. He would pay for the broken window D. He would get a bird field guide 3. Which of the following best describes the changes in the boy’s feelings? A. Afraid — Surprised — Thankful. B. Frightened — Amazed — Proud. C. Regretful — Guilty — Excited. D. Nervous — Afraid — Satisfied. 4. Which of the following is the best title of this text? A. Every coin has two sides. B. Honesty is the best policy. C. Bad luck never comes alone. D. It’s never too late to be careful. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. B 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个男孩无意打破了窗户，本以为闯祸会受到老师的惩罚，结果因为诚实承认过错，老师奖励了他最想要的观鸟指南，男孩从此明白要永远做一个诚实的人。 1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I was the one who broke the window. But I didn’t mean to do it.（我是那个打破窗户的人。但我不是故意这样做的）”可知，是男孩打破的窗户，但他并不是故意打破窗户的。故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn’t even get pocket money. My father is going to be extremely angry. (我怎么能支付起维修这样的大窗户的费用？我甚至都没有零用钱。我父亲会非常生气的)”以及第四段的“I knew my teacher had never struck a student, but I feared she was going to start with me. (我知道老师从来不打学生，但我担心她会从我开始）”可知，如果男孩承认了过错，他想自己可能会赔偿打破的窗户、让父亲生气以及被老师惩罚，但是他没有想过会得到一本观鸟指南。故选D。 3.细节理解题。根据第2题的分析可知，男孩担心自己承认了过错会被要求赔偿打破的窗户、让父亲生气和被老师惩罚，因此男孩内心当时感觉到的是“恐惧”；根据倒数第二段的“I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide — the very one that I had been saving money to buy.（我简直不敢相信!我没有受到惩罚，我有了自己的观鸟指南，它就是我一直攒钱想买的）”可知，男孩得知因为自己的诚实老师将观鸟指南送给了自己，他感到非常惊讶，不敢相信，即“惊讶”；根据最后一段的“What my teacher taught me that day is about a lesson, which remains in my heart every day, and I will appreciate it forever.（那天老师教给我的是一堂课，每天都留在我心里，我会永远感激）”可知，男孩最后非常感谢老师的这种教育方式，即“感激”。因此男孩的感情变化路线是“害怕——惊讶——感恩”。故选A。 4.主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“What my teacher taught me that day is about a lesson, which remains in my heart every day, and I will appreciate it forever.（那天老师教给我的是一堂课，每天都留在我心里，我会永远感激）”可知，男孩的老师教给他要做诚实的人，这对男孩的影响很大。B项“诚实为上策”符合文意，可以作为标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025高一下·河北张家口·期中）When I was in high school, school was a big part of my life. I spent most of my days there, learning new things and having fun with my friends. But one experience really stood out and has stayed with me. One sunny morning in my first year of high school, my English teacher came into the classroom with a big smile. She told us that we would be putting on a musical at the end of the year. I had always loved singing and dancing, but I had never really tried it before. This was a chance I decided to catch. During the practices, I was filled with both excitement and nervousness. Sometimes I would forget my words and feel really worried, my heart beating wildly in my chest. But when we performed well, I felt so proud and happy, like we had achieved something truly special. Through all these ups and downs, my classmates and I became really close. We laughed together, encouraged each other, and shared our fears and hopes. We became a team, working together towards a common goal. On the night of the musical, I stood behind the curtains waiting for my turn. I couldn’t believe how far we had come. We had worked so hard and now we were ready to show everyone what we could do. Then the curtains opened and we started performing in front of a full audience. When we finished, thunderous applause filled the hall. I felt a sense of pride that I had never felt before. This experience taught me a lot. I learned how important it is to work together as a team and to keep trying even when things are hard. I also learned that it’s good to try new things and step out of my comfort zone. Looking back, I’m really thankful for that opportunity and all the lessons it taught me. It was one of the most unforgettable experiences of my life. So, I encourage everyone to step into the unknown and take advantage of the opportunities that come your way. You never know what amazing memories and lessons they might bring. 5．How did the author feel about the musical at first? A．Eager. B．Worried. C．Nervous. D．Hesitant. 6．What do we know about the author during the practices? A．He forgot the lines due to his bad memory. B．He experienced a mix of feelings. C．He went through the process smoothly. D．He became nervous for lack of preparation. 7．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A．The author played the leading role. B．The classmates didn’t get along well. C．The performance was a great success. D．The author used to act in many plays. 8．What does the author inspire others to do? A．To show thanks. B．To try new things. C．To act in musicals. D．To leave nice memories. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，本文讲述了作者在高中时参与音乐剧的经历。从排练的紧张与快乐，到表演时的自豪，作者感受到了团队的力量和尝试新事物的意义，他鼓励大家抓住机会，勇敢尝试。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段“I had always loved singing and dancing, but I had never really tried it before. This was a chance I decided to catch.(我一直喜欢唱歌和跳舞，但我以前从来没有真正尝试过。我决定抓住这个机会)”可知，作者一直对唱歌和跳舞很感兴趣，但之前从未真正尝试过。当老师宣布要举办音乐剧时，作者认为这是一个难得的机会。由此可推断作者渴望参与。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“During the practices, I was filled with both excitement and nervousness.(在练习过程中，我既兴奋又紧张)”以及下文内容可知，作者在排练过程中既有兴奋和紧张的情绪，也有担心和自豪的情绪。由此可知，作者体验了多种感受。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段“When the curtains opened and we started performing in front of a full audience. When we finished, thunderous applause filled the hall.(然后幕布拉开，我们开始在全场观众面前表演。当我们结束时，雷鸣般的掌声充满了大厅)”可知，表演时观众席是满的且掌声雷动，这暗示了表演的成功。故选C。8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, I encourage everyone to step into the unknown and take advantage of the opportunities that come your way. You never know what amazing memories and lessons they might bring.(因此，我鼓励每个人踏入未知的领域，抓住机遇。你永远不知道他们会给你带来什么美好的回忆和教训)”可知，作者鼓励人们尝试新事物，抓住机会，因为这些机会可能会带来美好的回忆和教训。故选B。 Passage 3 （2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中）The pleasant smell of freshly baked bread filled the air as I opened my lunch box to see what my mom had prepared for me. On any other day, I would have eagerly dug into my mom’s homemade bread—a family recipe that I often enjoyed at home. But not today, the day a kind classmate had invited me, the new student, to join her friends for lunch. As I prepared to walk over to the table, memories of previous school lunches came flooding back. I remembered feeling embarrassed as my friends would make faces when I brought homemade bread. I had once insisted that my mom pack “regular” lunches like store-bought sandwiches, and she had unwillingly agreed. From then on, my lunches were filled with typical school fare (饭菜). However, that day, she had packed a loaf of freshly baked bread from the night before. As soon as I reached the new lunch table, I tried to hide my lunch box under my seat. I sat quietly, hoping not to draw attention to myself when Emily, a new friend, asked where my food was. “I’m not really hungry,” I replied in a hesitant voice. But Emily had already seen me with my lunch, so she said, “Then, I’ll try it!” I didn’t want to be rude, so I reluctantly pulled out my lunch box. I prepared myself for their reactions, expecting them to turn up their noses (不屑一顾). But to my surprise, Emily took a small piece of bread and took a bite. My new friends were amazed at how delicious it was. They hadn’t expected homemade bread to taste so good. I felt a wave of pride and gratitude wash over me. When I got home that afternoon, my mom noticed the empty bread container. She hesitated before asking, “How was the food?” I paused for a moment, then replied, “It was perfect, Mom. If possible, can I still have your homemade bread for lunch tomorrow?” 9．How did the author feel about her lunch that day according to paragraph 2? A．Calm. B．Unsatisfied. C．Joyful. D．Content. 10．Why did the author try to hide her lunch box under her seat? A．She didn’t want to share her food with others. B．She didn’t feel hungry and wanted to skip the meal. C．She was afraid her friends would make fun of her food. D．She was embarrassed because she had forgotten to bring her lunch. 11．How did the author react when her friends wanted to taste the homemade bread? A．She shared it out of politeness. B．She tried to control her temper. C．She refused to pull out her lunch box. D．She had a sense of pride and gratitude. 12．What can we infer from the passage? A．The author expected Emily to dislike the homemade bread. B．Emily was trying to embarrass the author by asking about her food. C．The author will continue to enjoy her mom’s homemade bread for lunch. D．It was the first time that the author had brought homemade bread to school. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者作为新学生被同学邀请共进午餐时，从最初因担心被嘲笑而试图隐藏妈妈做的家常面包，到最终同学们对面包赞不绝口，从而让作者感到自豪和感激，并决定以后继续让妈妈准备自制面包作为午餐的故事。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段“I remembered feeling embarrassed as my friends would make faces when I brought homemade bread.(我记得当我带来自制面包时，我的朋友们会做鬼脸，我感到很尴尬。)”和“However, that day, she had packed a loaf of freshly baked bread from the night before.(然而，那天，她装了一条前一天晚上刚烤好的面包。)”可知，作者对那天的午餐不满意，故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据第二段“I remembered feeling embarrassed as my friends would make faces when I brought homemade bread.(我记得当我带来自制面包时，我的朋友们会做鬼脸，我感到很尴尬。)”和第三段“As soon as I reached the new lunch table, I tried to hide my lunch box under my seat. I sat quietly, hoping not to draw attention to myself when Emily, a new friend, asked where my food was.(我一走到新餐桌旁，就试着把饭盒藏在座位下面。我静静地坐着，希望当我的新朋友艾米丽问我的食物在哪里时，不要引起别人的注意。)”可知，作者试图把她的午餐盒藏在她的座位下面是因为她害怕她的朋友会取笑她的食物。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I didn’t want to be rude, so I reluctantly pulled out my lunch box(我不想失礼，所以我不情愿地拿出了我的午餐盒。)”可知，当她的朋友想要品尝自制面包时，作者出于礼貌和朋友分享了面包，故选A。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If possible, can I still have your homemade bread for lunch tomorrow?(如果可能的话，我明天中午还能吃你做的面包吗？)”可知，作者将继续享用她妈妈做的自制面包作为午餐。故选C。 Passage 4 A heart attack led Ivan Markov to take up gardening on a small patch (小块土地) in front of his council flat. Now, he’s spreading his love of nature across south London. Markov grew up on Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea, and learned to love nature in these tropical zones. In 2007, he moved to Lewisham, south-east London, to work as a teacher. Unfortunately, he was diagnosed with heart failure in 2010. During the treatment and recovery, he read about a local award for best garden, and though he only had a front garden outside his flat, he thought the competition would be something to work towards. He worked on his patch for most of the year, planting seeds and plants, such as flowers, berries and herbs. Surprisingly, he won the best front garden prize. “I couldn’t believe it,” he says. “I nearly fell off my seat.” That was the start. Markov created a community nursery (苗圃) at the side of his house, and started planting bushes across the road. “I had so much beauty in my garden,” he says. “I wanted to share what I had.” He started offering guide to others. News of Markov’s green-fingered selflessness began to spread. “I go to someone’s property and give them advice on how to plant a garden,” he says. He delivers cuttings and seeds and helps people report plants, but everything he does is free. To date, Markov has helped six neighbourhoods embrace sustainable gardening. He wants to show people you don’t have to live in the country to create beauty. “It doesn’t matter how much space you have. Outside my place there’s a tiny square, tiny. I grow tomatoes there for my supper. The opportunities are endless.” Gardening gives Markov “the feeling of creating something from nothing and so much pleasure”. His dream is to create more green areas. Markov is making this corner of south-east London a paradise for all. 13．What can be inferred about Markov in paragraph 2? A．He worked as a gardener. B．He failed in the competition. C．He won an education prize. D．He turned out a green finger. 14．Which can best describe Markov according to paragraph 3? A．Smart and courageous. B．Confident and diligent. C．Generous and warm-hearted. D．Humorous and energetic. 15．What may Markov agree about gardening? A．Selflessness values a lot. B．Skilled techniques are needed. C．Much space is important. D．Desire to take actions matters. 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．The origin of a community nursery. B．A creator of a green paradise for all. C．A positive spirit against difficulty. D．The harmony of human and nature. 【答案】13．D 14．C 15．D 16．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了为所有人创造绿色天堂的创造者——Ivan Markov从事园艺事业的励志故事。 13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“During the treatment and recovery, he read about a local award for best garden, and though he only had a front garden outside his flat, he thought the competition would be something to work towards. He worked on his patch for most of the year, planting seeds and plants, such as flowers, berries and herbs. Surprisingly, he won the best front garden prize.(在治疗和康复期间，他读到当地有一个最佳花园奖，虽然他的公寓外面只有一个前花园，但他认为这个比赛将是他努力的方向。一年中的大部分时间，他都在自己的那块土地上劳作，种下种子和植物，比如花、浆果和草药。令人惊讶的是，他获得了最佳前花园奖。)”可推知，他是一个园艺能手。故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I had so much beauty in my garden,” he says. “I wanted to share what I had.” He started offering guide to others. News of Markov’s green-fingered selflessness began to spread. “I go to someone’s property and give them advice on how to plant a garden,” he says. He delivers cuttings and seeds and helps people report plants, but everything he does is free. To date, Markov has helped six neighbourhoods embrace sustainable gardening.(“我的花园里有那么多美丽的东西，”他说。“我想分享我所拥有的。”他开始给别人提供指导。马尔可夫的“绿手指”无私的消息开始传播。他说:“我去别人家，给他们一些如何种植花园的建议。”他运送插枝和种子，帮助人们归还植物，但他所做的一切都是免费的。迄今为止，马尔科夫已经帮助六个社区接受了可持续园艺。)”可知，他主动和别人分享自己拥有的东西，说明他是热心的，他免费帮助别人说明他是慷慨的。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“He wants to show people you don’t have to live in the country to create beauty. “It doesn’t matter how much space you have. Outside my place there’s a tiny square, tiny. I grow tomatoes there for my supper. The opportunities are endless.”(他想告诉人们，你不必住在乡下也能创造美。“你有多大的空间并不重要。我家外面有个小广场，很小。我在那里种西红柿做晚餐。机会是无限的。”)”可推知，关于园艺，马尔科夫可能会同意采取行动的愿望很重要。故选D。 16．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A heart attack led Ivan Markov to take up gardening on a small patch (小块土地) in front of his council flat.(一次心脏病发作让伊万·马尔科夫(Ivan Markov)在他的廉租房前的一小块土地上从事园艺工作。)”和文章最后一段“Gardening gives Markov “the feeling of creating something from nothing and so much pleasure”. His dream is to create more green areas. Markov is making this corner of south-east London a paradise for all.(园艺给了马尔科夫“从无到有创造的感觉和如此多的乐趣”。他的梦想是创造更多的绿地。马尔可夫正在把伦敦东南部的这个角落变成所有人的天堂。)”可知，文章介绍了为所有人创造绿色天堂的创造者——Ivan Markov从事园艺事业的励志故事。故选B。 语篇类型三: 说明文 Passage 1 (2025河北省衡水市阜城县阜城实验中学高一下学期4月期中) Sometimes, what my seven-year-old tabby cat Ophelia wants is obvious. Crying in front of her empty food bowl at dinner time clearly indicates she’s at risk of starvation. Other times, though, her meows are a complete and total mystery. That’s where Sergei Dreizin and Mark Boyes, computer scientists at Akvelon, a software engineering company based in Bellevue, Washington, say they can help. They are the brains behind the MeowTalk app, which aims to “give cat owners the best tools available” for interpreting their pet’s needs. When Boyes and Dreizin were looking for data to inform their new app, they came across 2019 research that revealed cat meows contain certain shared characteristics. The study authors then built a computer program to analyze audio recordings of 21 adult cats meowing. The MeowTalk founders used these audio recordings of tens of thousands of meows to develop their computer models, which is fueled by artificial intelligence. And it worked. 2021 study found MeowTalk can classify nine feline (猫科的) phrases with 90 percent accuracy. The free app records your feline’s meows and translates them into a small range of phrases, such as “I’m annoyed.” and “Feed me!” Users can rate the accuracy of MeowTalk’s translations, which further improves the computer model. Launched in November 2020, the app has been downloaded over 20 million times, and Dreizin estimates that the program has analyzed over a billion meows to date. “We’re the largest depositors of meows in this galaxy,” he quips. The app is part of an expanding suite of technologies designed to help us communicate with our furry friends. Another is FluentPet, which trains your pet to press buttons to communicate a need; for instance, a cat can learn to press a button that says the word “play”. Cat behaviorist and communication expert Charlotte de Mouzon isn’t convinced of these products’ accuracy, but strengthening your relationship with your cat is always a wise goal. “If people play with the app, maybe they will become more attentive to their cats,” says de Mouzon, of Paris Nanterre University. 1. How can computer scientists at Akvelon help cat owners? A. By making cats’ needs fulfilled. B. By getting cats rid of starvation. C. By filling the empty food bowls. D. By solving the mysteries of cats’ meows. 2. What can be inferred from paragraph 5? A. Users think the app very helpful. B. Users can help to promote the app. C. Dreizin thinks the app is the most accurate. D. The program has analyzed billions of meows. 3. What’s Charlotte’s attitude to this kind of apps? A. Doubtful. B. Conservative. C. Positive. D. Negative. 4. What is the purpose of the the text? A. To comment on two apps. B. To compare two similar apps. C. To introduce the new technology. D. To recommend an app to cats’ owners. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以解读猫的语言，了解猫的需求，帮助猫的主人与其交流的新的应用程序，并提到了另一个相似技术的训练宠物与人类交流的程序，旨在让人们了解这种新的技术。 1.细节理解题。根据第二段“They are the brains behind the MeowTalk app, which aims to “give cat owners the best tools available” for interpreting their pet’s needs.(他们是MeowTalk应用程序的幕后推手，该应用程序旨在“为猫主人提供最好的工具”，帮助他们理解宠物的需求。)”可知，Akvelon的计算机科学家们是通过帮助猫主人了解猫的需求，解开猫叫的奥秘来帮助猫主人的。故选D。 2.推理判断题。根据第五段“Users can rate the accuracy of MeowTalk’s translations, which further improves the computer model.(用户可以评价MeowTalk翻译的准确性，这进一步改进了计算机模型。)”可知，用户的反馈可以帮助改进和提升这款应用程序。故选B。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Cat behaviorist and communication expert Charlotte de Mouzon isn’t convinced of these products’ accuracy, but strengthening your relationship with your cat is always a wise goal.(猫的行为学家和交流专家Charlotte de Mouzon不相信这些产品的准确性，但加强你和你的猫的关系总是一个明智的目标。)”可知，Charlotte虽然认为应该加强猫主人和猫之间的关系，但他不相信这种应用程序，对此持怀疑态度。故选A。 4.推理判断题。根据第六段“The app is part of an expanding suite of technologies designed to help us communicate with our furry friends. Another is FluentPet, which trains your pet to press buttons to communicate a need;(这款应用是一套不断扩展的技术的一部分，旨在帮助我们与毛茸茸的朋友交流。另一个是FluentPet，它训练你的宠物按下按钮来表达需求；)”和文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一款能够帮助人类了解宠物需要的应用程序，以及另一个相似技术的应用程序，旨在让人们了解这种新的技术。故选C。 Passage 2 (2025湖南省长沙市芙蓉高级中学高一下学期期中) If there is one thing that comes to mind when the words “South Pacific” are spoken, then it must be coconut palms (椰子树). Most of us have images of all attractive coconut palms lining sandy beaches. But the coconut tree is more than a central characteristic of picture postcards bought by tourists. To people of the South Pacific, the coconut tree is also known as the “Tree of Life”. It gets this name because of the different kinds of products which the coconut palm provides from its various parts. From the leaves down to its roots, it plays a great part in the life of many island people. The coconut tree provides food, shelter, fuel as well as income from exports. Coconut leaves produce good-quality paper pulp (纸浆), hats, wastebaskets and bags. Flesh (果肉) and water (often called the milk) from the young, green coconut can be taken as a healthy food and drink. It is also used in salads and other tasty dishes. Coconut husks (外壳) it are often thrown away, but they can be used to produce different kinds of useful products such as ropes, fishing nets, and floor coverings. Coconut water can be used in the production of wine and is also used to treat a number of medical problems. The white coconut flesh is a good source of coconut oil, coconut chips, and feed for animals. The trunk of the coconut tree is a strong and durable wood, which can be used to build houses. Medicines and dyes (燃料) are obtained from the roots. The English oak, the Lebanon cedar or the Australian gum tree all have a place in history but the coconut palm is the only true “Tree of Life”. 512. Why is the coconut palm called the “Tree of Life”? A. It has a long lifetime. B. It is mostly exported. C. It has a vast range of uses. D. It is necessary for islanders. 6. Which part of a coconut tree can be used to treat some diseases? A. Leaves. B. Flesh. C. Husks. D. Water. 7. What does the underlined word “durable” mean in paragraph 7? A. long-lived. B. wet. C. flexible. D. rough. 8. What’s the major purpose of the text? A. To introduce a useful type of plant. B. To announce some new discoveries. C. To tell readers about island people’s life. D. To explain how to make full use of coconut leaves. 【答案】5. C 6. D 7. A 8. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了椰子以及它的广泛用途。 5.细节理解题。由第二段“To people of the South Pacific, the coconut tree is also known as the “Tree of Life”. It gets this name because of the different kinds of products which the coconut palm provides from its various parts. From the leaves down to its roots, it plays a great part in the life of many island people. The coconut tree provides food, shelter, fuel as well as income from exports. (对南太平洋的人们来说，椰子树也被称为“生命之树”。它之所以得名，是因为椰子树的各个部分提供了各种各样的产品。从叶子到根，它在许多岛民的生活中扮演着重要角色。椰子树提供食物、住所、燃料以及出口收入)”可知，椰子树有广泛的用途，给岛民提供食物、住所、燃料以及出口收入等，所以椰子树被称为“生命之树”。故选C项。 6.细节理解题。由第五段“Coconut water can be used in the production of wine and is also used to treat a number of medical problems. (椰子水可用于生产葡萄酒，也可用于治疗一些医疗问题)”可知，椰子水可以用来治疗某些疾病。故选D项。 7.词句猜测题。由第七段“The trunk of the coconut tree is a strong and durable wood, which can be used to build houses. (椰子树的树干是一种结实的、durable木材，可以用来建造房屋)”可知，能用来建造房屋的木材一定是结实且能长时间使用的（经久耐用的），可得出椰子树的树干是一种结实耐用的木材，在此处意为“经久耐用的（long-lived）”。故选A项。 8.推理判断题。由第二段中的“It gets this name because of the different kinds of products which the coconut palm provides from its various parts. (它之所以得名，是因为椰子树的各个部分提供了各种各样的产品)”和第三段到第八段分别讲的椰子叶、椰子壳、椰子水、椰子肉、椰子树干和椰子根的用处可知，椰子有广泛的用途，可得出文章是要向读者介绍一种有用的植物——椰子。故选A项。 Passage 3 （2025高一下·河北张家口·期中）A surprisingly efficient and powerful Chinese AI model has taken the technology industry by storm. It’s called DeepSeek R1, which makes Wall Street nervous. The new AI model was developed by DeepSeek, a company that was born in 2023. R1 can nearly match the capabilities of its far more famous competitors, including OpenAI’s GPT-4, Meta’s Llama and Google’s Gemini — but it costs much less. The company spent just $5.6 million powering its base AI model, compared with the hundreds of millions of dollars American companies spend. But R1 gained significant attention this week when the company revealed its shockingly low cost of operation. And it is open-source, which means other companies can test and build upon the model to improve it. The DeepSeek app has been downloaded nearly 2 million times. AI development needs a lot of power and money. Meta said it would spend $65 billion this year on AI development. Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, said the AI industry would need even more dollars in investment to support the development of high-in-demand chips (芯片). Andreessen, who set up Andreessen Horowitz, calls DeepSeek one of the most amazing and impressive achievements that he has ever seen in a post on the Internet. If that potentially world-changing power can be achieved at a significantly reduced cost, it will open up new possibilities and threats to the planet. Although the cost-saving achievement may be significant, the R1 model hasn’t yet proven it can deal with some of the extremely ambitious (耗资的) AI capabilities for industries that for now still require huge and large amounts of investment. 9．Which makes DeepSeek Rl amazing? A．Its developers. B．Its latest chips. C．Its cost-effectiveness. D．Its application fields. 10．What is Andreessen’s attitude on capabilities of DeepSeek R1? A．Positive. B．Uninterested. C．Doubtful. D．Negative. 11．What can be inferred about the R1 model? A．It reaches perfection. B．It is dangerous for humans. C．It still has technology bottle-neck. D．Its cost can’t go down any more. 12．Which is the best title for the text? A．DeepSeek R1’s Limiting Factors B．AI’s High-cost Problem C．DeepSeek R1: Low-cost Wonder D．AI Competitors: A Big Race 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．C 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高效低成本的DeepSeek R1人工智能模型引发关注及其影响。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“R1 can nearly match the capabilities of its far more famous competitors, including OpenAI’s GPT-4, Meta’s Llama and Google’s Gemini — but it costs much less. (R1几乎可以与那些名气大得多的竞争对手相媲美，其中包括OpenAI的GPT-4、Meta的 Llama以及谷歌的Gemini—— 但它的成本要低得多)”以及第二段中“But R1 gained significant attention this week when the company revealed its shockingly low cost of operation. (但本周，当该公司透露其惊人的低成本运营时，R1引起了广泛关注)”可知，DeepSeek R1令人惊叹的是其成本效益。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Andreessen, who set up Andreessen Horowitz, calls DeepSeek one of the most amazing and impressive achievements that he has ever seen in a post on the Internet. (创建了Andreessen Horowitz的Andreessen在互联网上的一篇帖子中称，DeepSeek是他所见过的最令人惊叹和印象深刻的成就之一)”可知，Andreessen对DeepSeek R1的能力持积极态度。故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although the cost-saving achievement may be significant, the R1 model hasn’t yet proven it can deal with some of the extremely ambitious (耗资的) AI capabilities for industries that for now still require huge and large amounts of investment. (尽管节省成本的成就可能很显著，但R1模型尚未证明它能够处理一些对目前仍需要大量投资的行业来说极具雄心的AI能力)”可知，R1模型仍然存在技术瓶颈。故选C。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“A surprisingly efficient and powerful Chinese AI model has taken the technology industry by storm. It’s called DeepSeek R1, which makes Wall Street nervous. The new AI model was developed by DeepSeek, a company that was born in 2023. R1 can nearly match the capabilities of its far more famous competitors, including OpenAI’s GPT-4, Meta’s Llama and Google’s Gemini — but it costs much less. The company spent just $5.6 million powering its base AI model, compared with the hundreds of millions of dollars American companies spend. (一款效率惊人且功能强大的中国人工智能模型在科技行业引发了轰动。它被称为 “深思R1”，这让华尔街感到紧张。这款新的人工智能模型由成立于2023年的深思公司开发。R1几乎可以与那些名气大得多的竞争对手相媲美，其中包括OpenAI的GPT-4、Meta的Llama以及谷歌的Gemini—— 但它的成本要低得多。该公司仅花费了560万美元为其基础人工智能模型提供算力支持，而美国公司在这方面的花费则高达数亿美元)”可知，本文主要介绍了DeepSeek R1这一高效低成本的人工智能模型，引发了关注和讨论，C项“DeepSeek R1: Low-cost Wonder (DeepSeek R1：低成本奇迹)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C。 Passage 4 （2025高一下·广西贵港·期中）In September, a sixth-grade class from a Chinese school began a different journey. Under the organization of the parent association, the students began a 5-kilometer morning jogging program in a park of Beijing, with the aim of improving their fitness, building self-confidence, and developing patience. Every Saturday morning, with a parent chosen as the coach to guide them, they laced up their shoes and set off. The first run was a real challenge. After running just several hundred meters, a few students were out of breath. Some couldn’t even make it halfway, and others had to rely on each other for support to reach the finish line. However, despite the many difficulties, their determination never wavered. Along the way, many felt energetic. Most made it to the end by completing their 100th run on Saturday to celebrate their upcoming graduation, as they had been exercising regularly. In recent years, some surveys have shown that the rate of obesity among students who are short of exercise is increasing rapidly. According to an authority report, one in five individuals aged six to seventeen is now overweight, a significant rise from one in twenty in 1995. In addition to weight problems, the lack of exercise has also led to an increase of short-sightedness in schools. Recognizing the potential link between decreased physical activity and health-related problems, various measures have been taken to reduce students’ academic pressure and increase their exercise time, such as reducing the after-school homework burden. The sixth-grade jogging program serves as an inspiring example, offering a solution to help students find more time to experience health, happiness, and friendship through physical activity. It shows that with dedication and support, even a simple jogging routine can have a great effect on the well-being of young students. 13．Why did the parent association organize the morning jogging program? A．To meet the parents’ requirements. B．To live up to the coach’s expectations. C．To improve the students’ physical and mental health. D．To replace the school’s present physical education classes. 14．What can we learn about the students in the first run? A．Few of them felt energetic. B．Most of them gave up halfway. C．None of them completed the run. D．Not all of them made it to the end. 15．How is the seriousness of being overweight on students shown in paragraph 3? A．Through data comparison. B．Through an unofficial report. C．Through the schools’ prediction. D．Through individual imagination. 16．Which word can best describe the morning jogging program? A．Traditional. B．Influential. C．Global. D．Limitless. 【答案】13．C 14．D 15．A 16．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学校开展晨跑项目来促进学生身心健康。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Under the organization of the parent association, the students began a 5-kilometer morning jogging program in a park of Beijing, with the aim of improving their fitness, building self-confidence, and developing patience.(在家长协会的组织下，学生们在北京的一个公园开始了一个5公里的晨跑项目，目的是提高他们的身体素质，建立自信，培养耐心)”可知，家长协会组织晨跑是为了促进学生身心健康。故选C。14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some couldn’t even make it halfway, and others had to rely on each other for support to reach the finish line. However, despite the many difficulties, their determination never wavered. Along the way, many felt energetic. Most made it to the end by completing their 100th run on Saturday to celebrate their upcoming graduation, as they had been exercising regularly.(有些人甚至不能走到一半，有些人不得不互相支持才能到达终点线。然而，尽管困难重重，他们的决心从未动摇。一路上，许多人都感到精力充沛。大多数人在周六完成了第100次跑步，以庆祝即将到来的毕业，因为他们一直在定期锻炼)”可知，并不是所有学生都坚持到了最后。故选D。 15．细节理解题。根据第三段“In recent years, some surveys have shown that the rate of obesity among students who are short of exercise is increasing rapidly. According to an authority report, one in five individuals aged six to seventeen is now overweight, a significant rise from one in twenty in 1995. In addition to weight problems, the lack of exercise has also led to an increase of short-sightedness in schools.(近年来，一些调查显示，在缺乏锻炼的学生中，肥胖率正在迅速上升。根据一份权威报告，现在6至17岁的年轻人中有五分之一超重，比1995年的二十分之一显著上升。除了体重问题，缺乏锻炼也导致了学校近视的增加)”可知，第3段通过数据比较说明学生超重的严重性。故选A。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The sixth-grade jogging program serves as an inspiring example, offering a solution to help students find more time to experience health, happiness, and friendship through physical activity. It shows that with dedication and support, even a simple jogging routine can have a great effect on the well-being of young students.(六年级的慢跑项目就是一个鼓舞人心的例子，它提供了一个解决方案，帮助学生们通过体育活动找到更多的时间来体验健康、快乐和友谊。它表明，只要有奉献精神和支持，即使是简单的慢跑也能对年轻学生的健康产生巨大影响)”可知，晨跑项目是有影响力的。故选B。 Passage 5 （2025高一下·江西上饶·期中）A rare moss (苔藓) called takakia has adapted over hundreds of millions of years to survive the extremes of life on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. And there is a team of researchers who have been studying the moss for nearly ten years. Takakia includes just two species, both of which are found only on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Takakia in this location has been buried under snow for eight months of the year, and it faced strong UV rays when it came from its snowy cover. Takakia has been developing here for over 65 million years, with the habitat increasingly becoming extreme. The researchers record how climate change has greatly changed the moss’ habitat within just a few years. And the team is surprised to find takakia’s shape in 165 million-year-old fossils (化石) , showing that genetic changes affecting the shape developed more than 165 million years ago under wildly different conditions. Despite having hundreds of millions of years to adapt to climate change, the little moss will be ended if the global climate keeps getting warmer. Since they began taking measurements of takakia’s habitat in the early 2010s, the researchers have described an average temperature increase of almost 0.5℃ per year. Meanwhile, the glacier (冰川) near sample sites is melting at an alarming pace-around 50 meters per year. The researchers note that takakia’s populations have become significantly smaller over the study period. During the ten years, the coverage of takakia’s populations decreased by 1.6% every year, faster than that of four local common mosses — a trend they expect to continue. “Our study shows how valuable takakia is in tracing the development of land plants. The population reduction we found is frightening,” a researcher says. “Luckily, knowing that the plant is threatened by extinction also gives us a chance to protect it. For example, we can grow it in the lab,” another researcher says. “Takakia has seen the dinosaurs come and go. It has seen us humans coming. Now we can learn something about adaptive ability and extinction from this moss.” 17．What can be inferred about takakia on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from the text? A．Its habitat is free from snow. B．It has been developing wildly in China. C．It has adapted to extreme conditions for quite a time. D．Its genes have been unchanged for millions of years. 18．What might be the main threat to takakia according to paragraph 3? A．The rise of glacial water. B．Human harvesting. C．The competition with the local mosses. D．Global warming. 19．What is the attitude of the two researchers in the last paragraph to takakia? A．Curious. B．Concerned. C．Indifferent. D．Impatient. 20．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The Ancient History of Takakia B．The Unique Adaptive Ability of Takakia C．The Threatened Survival of Takakia D．The Rapidly Increasing Population of Takakia 【答案】17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述角叶藻苔在青藏高原长期适应极端环境，现因全球变暖数量锐减，生存受威胁 17．推理判断题。根据第一段“A rare moss (苔藓) called takakia has adapted over hundreds of millions of years to survive the extremes of life on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.(一种名为‘角叶藻苔’的稀有苔藓已经在数亿年的时间里适应了青藏高原极端的生存环境。)”以及第二段“Takakia has been developing here for over 65 million years, with the habitat increasingly becoming extreme.(角叶藻苔已经在这里发展了超过6500万年，其栖息地越来越极端。)”可知，角叶藻苔在相当长的一段时间里已经适应了极端条件。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite having hundreds of millions of years to adapt to climate change, the little moss will be ended if the global climate keeps getting warmer.(尽管有数亿年的时间来适应气候变化，但如果全球气候继续变暖，这种小苔藓将会灭绝。)”可知，对角叶藻苔的主要威胁是全球变暖。故选D。 19．推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Our study shows how valuable takakia is in tracing the development of land plants. The population reduction we found is frightening,’ a researcher says.‘Luckily, knowing that the plant is threatened by extinction also gives us a chance to protect it. ’(一位研究人员说：‘我们的研究表明，角叶藻苔在追踪陆地植物的发展方面是多么有价值。我们发现的数量减少是令人恐惧的。幸运的是，知道这种植物受到灭绝的威胁也给了我们一个保护它的机会。’)”可知，研究人员认为角叶藻苔数量减少令人恐惧，并且提到要保护它，所以他们对角叶藻苔的态度是担忧的。故选B。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了角叶藻苔在青藏高原适应极端环境生存了很长时间，但是由于全球气候变暖，其栖息地发生变化，数量显著减少，面临灭绝的威胁。所以C选项The Threatened Survival of Takakia(角叶藻苔受到威胁的生存状况)符合文章主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 6 ADHD is a complex disorder that goes far beyond the stereotypical image(刻板印象) of an overactive child unable to sit still in class. It’s a lifelong condition that affects both children and adults, impacting various aspects of daily life. While its core involves impaired(受损的) mental processes like planning, focusing, and multitasking, an equally critical yet less recognized challenge is emotional dysregulation(失调)—the difficulty in managing and relieving one’s emotional responses, which profoundly impacts work, relationships, and self-esteem. The emotional experience of ADHD is often described as a rollercoaster, characterized by extreme highs and lows that can change rapidly and unpredictably. During the “highs,” individuals may feel an intense surge of energy, creativity, and enthusiasm. They might embark on new projects with uncontrolled optimism, feeling unbeatable and capable of conquering the world. This state of hyper-focus and excitement can be incredibly productive, leading to bursts of creativity and accomplishment. However, these peaks are often followed by equally intense “lows”. The drop into this emotional low can be sudden and confusing. Feelings of disappointment, frustration, and self-doubt may overwhelm the individual, leading to a sense of paralysis or hopelessness. These lows can be caused by various factors, including perceived failures, criticism, or simply the natural decline of the initial excitement. The impact of these emotional fluctuations on daily life and relationships can be profound. At work, the highs might lead to bursts of productivity, while the lows can result in missed deadlines and underperformance. In personal relationships, the intensity of emotions can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. Partners, friends, and family members may struggle to keep up with the rapid mood changes, leading to strain in these relationships. Understanding what ADHD feels like is an ongoing process, not just for those who have it, but for society as a whole. By fostering greater awareness and empathy(共鸣), we can create a more inclusive and supportive environment for individuals with ADHD to thrive in all aspects of their lives. 21．What is the “rollercoaster” used to illustrate? A．The thrill-seeking nature of ADHD patients. B．The fast shifts between emotional extremes. C．The physical restlessness in classroom settings. D．The medical treatment process for ADHD． 22．What does the underlined word “fluctuations” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Extension. B．Duration. C．Changes. D．Decreases. 23．What does the author advise people to do to help those with ADHD? A．To develop stricter behavioral guidelines. B．To promote medication as the primary solution. C．To focus more research on childhood symptoms. D．To show them more understanding and support. 24．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A personal blog. B．A book review. C．A Philosophy book. D．A Mental Health website. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．D 24．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种复杂的疾病，不仅影响儿童和成人的日常行为，还会导致情绪调节障碍，介绍了其情绪波动的特点以及对生活和人际关系的影响，最后呼吁人们对 ADHD 患者给予更多理解和支持。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段 “The emotional experience of ADHD is often described as a rollercoaster, characterized by extreme highs and lows that can change rapidly and unpredictably.(ADHD 的情绪体验常被描述为坐过山车，其特点是情绪的极高点和极低点会迅速且不可预测地变化)” 可知，“rollercoaster” 是用来描述 ADHD 患者情绪在极端之间快速转换的情况，故选B。 22．词句猜测题。根据第四段“At work, the highs might lead to bursts of productivity, while the lows can result in missed deadlines and underperformance. In personal relationships, the intensity of emotions can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts.(工作中，情绪高涨可能会带来工作效率的爆发，而情绪低落则会导致错过最后期限和表现不佳。在人际关系中，情绪的强烈程度会导致误解和冲突)” 可知，这里说的是情绪的变化对日常生活和人际关系的影响。“fluctuations” 与 “changes” 意思相近，选项 C（变化）符合文意，故选C。23．细节理解题。根据最后一段 “By fostering greater awareness and empathy(共鸣), we can create a more inclusive and supportive environment for individuals with ADHD to thrive in all aspects of their lives.(通过培养更多的意识和同理心，我们可以为 ADHD 患者创造一个更具包容性和支持性的环境，让他们在生活的各个方面都能茁壮成长)” 可知，作者建议人们对 ADHD 患者表现出更多的理解和支持。故选D。 24．推理判断题。短文主要说明了注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种复杂的疾病，不仅影响儿童和成人的日常行为，还会导致情绪调节障碍，介绍了其情绪波动的特点以及对生活和人际关系的影响，最后呼吁人们对 ADHD 患者给予更多理解和支持。是关于心理健康方面的内容，所以最有可能来自一个心理健康网站。故选D。 Passage 7 Eight hours shovelling snow in -20℃ might not sound like the ideal day out, but a committed team of volunteers in Finland are working dawn to dusk building enormous snow drifts (雪堆) for one of the world’s most endangered seals. The Saimaa ringed seal was once common around Lake Saimaa in the south-east of Finland, but now only 495 of them remain. In the late 1980s the population of the seals decreased to its lowest point, with fewer than 200 left, driven by hunting and deaths caused by fish traps. Accidental deaths in fishing nets remain a challenge. Now, the seals are fully protected but the threat of the climate emergency is worrying. The seals make “snow caves” inside snow drifts where they raise their young and protect them from the elements and predators such as red foxes, but as the climate warms, the snow is disappearing. To save these rare seals, 300 volunteers spend days shovelling snow into piles 7m long and 1.5m high around the edge of the frozen lake. “It’s kind of a snow cave,” says Vincent Biard, a PhD student and volunteer from the University of Eastern Finland. “The seals come from under and dig into the snow drifts to create a cave where they can give birth and raise their young.” They get around on foot or skis, dragging their equipment with them over a distance of 10km. Biard describes the day as “kind of fun”, and adds, “you actually have an impact, which is nice. If we don’t do it, then they would just go extinct quite quickly.” More than 300 pups have been born in artificial snowdrifts since they started making them in 2014. “We are on a rising growth curve, so things still look pretty nice,” says Jari Ilmonen, coordinator of Our Saimaa Seal Life, which is an EU-funded programme. “We are doing what we can, so we have to have hope and positive thoughts.” Human-made snow drifts are larger and “more durable than natural snow drifts”, says Ilmonen. “By the first half of February most of the natural ones had melted away, but the manmade ones stood strong.” 25．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The two functions of snow drifts. B．The threats to the Saimaa ringed seals. C．The big concern about global warming. D．The full recovery of the seals’ population. 26．Which of the following can best describe the work of the volunteers? A．Effective but boring. B．Valuable but impractical. C．Demanding but fulfilling. D．Dangerous but enjoyable. 27．What does Ilmonen say about manmade snow drifts? A．They can help all marine life survive winters. B．They are more comfortable than natural ones. C．They will not melt until the end of the spring. D．They have seen progress in protecting the seals. 28．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To celebrate an effort to protect wildlife. B．To introduce one of endangered animals. C．To explain benefits of artificial snowdrifts. D．To raise the awareness of the climate crisis. 【答案】25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了志愿者们为保护世界上最濒危的海豹之一而建造人工雪堆。 25．主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“The Saimaa ringed seal was once common around Lake Saimaa in the south-east of Finland, but now only 495 of them remain. In the late 1980s the population of the seals decreased to its lowest point, with fewer than 200 left, driven by hunting and deaths caused by fish traps. Accidental deaths in fishing nets remain a challenge. Now, the seals are fully protected but the threat of the climate emergency is worrying. The seals make “snow caves” inside snow drifts where they raise their young and protect them from the elements and predators such as red foxes, but as the climate warms, the snow is disappearing. (赛马环斑海豹曾广泛分布在芬兰东南部赛马湖周边，但如今仅存495只。上世纪80年代末，由于捕猎和渔网导致的死亡，海豹数量降至历史最低点，不足200只。渔网中的意外死亡仍然是海豹面临的一大挑战。如今，尽管海豹已受到全面保护，但气候紧急状况带来的威胁仍令人担忧。海豹会在雪堆中建造“雪洞”，在其中养育幼崽，并保护它们免受恶劣天气和诸如红狐等捕食者的伤害。然而，随着气候变暖，积雪正在消失。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是塞马环斑海豹面临的威胁。故选B。 26．推理判断题。由文章第三段中“To save these rare seals, 300 volunteers spend days shovelling snow into piles 7m long and 1.5m high around the edge of the frozen lake. (为了拯救这些珍稀的海豹，300名志愿者连续数天在结冰的湖泊边缘堆砌起7米长、1.5米高的雪堆。)”以及“Biard describes the day as “kind of fun”, and adds, “you actually have an impact, which is nice. If we don’t do it, then they would just go extinct quite quickly. (比亚尔形容这样的日子“还算有趣”，并补充道：“你能产生影响，这很好。如果我们不这么做，它们很快就会灭绝。)”可知，志愿者们的工作是要求很高但很有成就感。故选C。 27．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中““We are on a rising growth curve, so things still look pretty nice,” says Jari Ilmonen, coordinator of Our Saimaa Seal Life, which is an EU-funded programme. “We are doing what we can, so we have to have hope and positive thoughts.” Human-made snow drifts are larger and “more durable than natural snow drifts”, says Ilmonen. “By the first half of February most of the natural ones had melted away, but the manmade ones stood strong.” (“我们正在上升的增长曲线上，所以情况看起来还不错，”欧盟资助项目“我们的赛马海豹生活”的协调员雅里·伊尔莫宁说。“我们正在尽我们所能，所以我们必须怀抱希望和积极的想法。”伊尔莫宁说，人工雪堆比自然雪堆更大且“更持久”。“到2月上旬，大部分自然雪堆都已融化，但人工雪堆依然坚固。”)”可知，伊尔莫宁说人造雪堆在保护海豹方面取得了进展。故选D。 28．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Eight hours shovelling snow in -20℃ might not sound like the ideal day out, but a committed team of volunteers in Finland are working dawn to dusk building enormous snow drifts (雪堆) for one of the world’s most endangered seals. (在零下20度的环境中连续铲雪八小时听起来或许并不是外出度假的理想选择，但在芬兰，一支热心的志愿者团队从黎明到黄昏不辞辛劳地堆砌着巨大的雪堆，这一切都是为了保护世界上最为濒危的海豹之一。)”可知，以及文章最后一段中“More than 300 pups have been born in artificial snowdrifts since they started making them in 2014. “We are on a rising growth curve, so things still look pretty nice,” says Jari Ilmonen, coordinator of Our Saimaa Seal Life, which is an EU-funded programme. “We are doing what we can, so we have to have hope and positive thoughts.” Human-made snow drifts are larger and “more durable than natural snow drifts”, says Ilmonen. (自2014年开始建造人工雪堆以来，已有超过300只幼崽在人工雪堆中诞生。“我们正在上升的增长曲线上，所以情况看起来还不错，”欧盟资助项目“我们的赛马海豹生活”的协调员雅里·伊尔莫宁说。“我们正在尽我们所能，所以我们必须怀抱希望和积极的想法。”伊尔莫宁说，人工雪堆比自然雪堆更大且“更持久”。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是庆祝保护野生动物的努力。故选A。 Passage 8 As we researchers predicted, we found that picky eaters scored worst on our tests of food recognition: Food neophobia (食物新奇恐惧症) is negatively related to food recognition ability. While we were publishing our findings, scientists were debating new findings about how the brain reacts to food and color. Different research groups had identified brain areas in the visual system that responded preferentially to images of food. For instance, looking at a bowl of noodles would activate these brain areas, but not looking at a pile of string. The scientific disagreement was about what it meant to identify a selectivity for food in brain areas already known for their responsiveness to color. We repeated our initial study with gray-scale images of food. The result showed without color, people unsurprisingly made more errors, mistaking different dishes as the same, but the pattern of variation across people was otherwise unchanged. Those with a higher general visual ability did better with food. We also found one effect of removing color: Food neophobia was no longer related to food recognition ability. It was as if whatever advantage the adventurous eaters had gained over picky ones was all dependent on color. We then made an entirely new prediction: Would people with color blindness be less food neophobic than those with normal color perception? Because the colorblind experience food in a restricted range of color, certain signals that raise flags about freshness, safety, or otherwise drive anxiety about novel food could be limited. We invited participants online, based on how they answered one question about color blindness buried in a long screening questionnaire. The survey suggested colorblind people were indeed less food neophobic than the non-colorblind. Seeing the world with a narrow color range seems to ease an emotion-based resistance to novel foods. Our findings pave the way for addressing extreme cases of food neophobia. As researchers learn more about the complicated relevance between color perception and food, we might develop targeted interventions to improve dietary habits. 29．Which can activate the specific brain areas more easily? A．A piece of cake. B．A pair of shoes. C．A series of books. D．A pile of string. 30．What happened when color was removed from food images? A．Mistakes were on the rise. B．Food neophobia worsened. C．Recognition accuracy improved. D．Adventurous eaters were at an advantage. 31．What did the survey conclude about colorblind people? A．They are less familiar with food types. B．They are more open to nutritious foods. C．They are less likely to resist new foods. D．They are more worried about food safety. 32．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Supporting evidence for the research results. B．Potential application of the research findings. C．A further explanation of the research methods. D．A reasonable doubt about the research process. 【答案】29．A 30．A 31．C 32．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了人们对食物识别能力的差异，以及这种差异与人们对新食物的态度（食物新奇恐惧症）的关系。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Different research groups had identified brain areas in the visual system that responded preferentially to images of food. For instance, looking at a bowl of noodles would activate these brain areas, but not looking at a pile of string.(不同的研究小组已经确定了视觉系统中对食物图像有优先反应的大脑区域。例如，看着一碗面条会激活这些大脑区域，但看着一堆绳子就不会)”可知，食物更容易激活大脑的特定区域，故选A。 30．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The result showed without color, people unsurprisingly made more errors, mistaking different dishes as the same(结果显示，在没有颜色的情况下，人们不出所料地犯了更多的错误，把不同的菜误认为是一样的)”可知，食物图片没有颜色时人们会犯更多的错误，故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The survey suggested colorblind people were indeed less food neophobic than the non-colorblind.(调查显示，色盲的人确实比非色盲的人更少害怕新食物)”可知，色盲的人对新食物没有那么抗拒，故选C。 32．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Our findings pave the way for addressing extreme cases of food neophobia. As researchers learn more about the complicated relevance between color perception and food, we might develop targeted interventions to improve dietary habits.(我们的发现为解决新食物恐惧症的极端案例铺平了道路。随着研究人员更多地了解颜色感知和食物之间的复杂关联，我们可能会开发出有针对性的干预措施来改善饮食习惯)”可知，本段主要是关于研究成果的潜在应用，故选B。 Passage 9 （2025高一下·江苏南通·期中）Can science fiction tell us about the future? Setting aside aliens and spaceships, much contemporary science fiction is concerned with themes such as the impact of artificial intelligence, the danger of ecological collapse and the misuse of corporate power. In all these cases, science fiction writers are taking advantage of the freedom that this type of writing gives them to think about ongoing concerns and picture what they might lead to in the future, coming to surprising and thought-provoking conclusions. All of those do have some predictive value. It means science fiction can play a useful role as a way to predict technological, social and political trends — but in the near term, not the distant future in which it is often set. This is the first of three ways in which science fiction can give us a glimpse of the future. The second is that it can help broaden the mind when assessing future scenarios (设想) for planning purposes, both in government and in business. France’s Defence Innovation Agency is setting up a “red team” of sci-fi writers to propose scenarios that might not have occurred to military planners. Arup, an engineering firm, commissioned Tim Maughan, a science-fiction writer, to create four scenarios of what everyday life might look like as a result of climate change. Tech giants including Google, Microsoft and Apple have also employed sci-fi writers as consultants, using a process sometimes called “design fiction.” And then the third one is more direct: by inspiring people in the tech industry who want to make these fictions a reality. The creation of the mobile phone at Motorola was motivated by the handheld wireless communicators from Star Trek, and Amazon’s Alexa voice-assistant by the talking computer on the Enterprise. The Kindle was inspired by an electronic-book device in Neal Stephenson’s novel The Diamond Age, and an entire industry is trying to bring to life the virtual world he described in Snow Crash. The future technology leaders are certainly reading science fiction today. 33．What does the author think of science fiction? A．It focuses mainly on aliens and spaceships. B．It explores current issues to imagine the future. C．It addresses the contemporary existing problems. D．It aims to predict technological progress in the future. 34．Why do the government and the business hire sci-fi writers? A．To give support to their creations. B．To better understand science fiction. C．To benefit from their expansive imagination. D．To enhance their influence and commercial value. 35．How does the last paragraph show the impact of science fiction? A．By listing main points. B．By giving examples. C．By analyzing causes. D．By explaining a concept. 36．What is the main idea about the text? A．Why is science fiction gaining popularity? B．Science fiction provides insights into the future. C．How does science fiction broaden people’s vision? D．Science fiction serves as an inspiration for inventions. 【答案】33．B 34．C 35．B 36．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说通过推演现实问题的发展趋势、辅助战略规划和直接激发科技创新，为人类提供了多维度预见未来的独特视角。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It means science fiction can play a useful role as a way to predict technological, social and political trends — but in the near term, not the distant future in which it is often set. (这意味着科幻小说可以作为一种预测技术、社会和政治趋势的有效工具——但这种预测更侧重于近期发展，而非故事中常见的遥远未来)”可知，作者认为科幻小说探索当前问题以想象未来。故选B项。 34．细节理解题。根据第三段中The second is that it can help broaden the mind when assessing future scenarios (设想) for planning purposes, both in government and in business. (第二种方式是，科幻小说能够帮助政府和企业拓宽思维，更好地评估未来情景以制定规划)”可知，政府和企业雇佣科幻作家，是为了拓展思维边界，从这些作家广阔的想象力中受益。故选C项。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The creation of the mobile phone at Motorola was motivated by the handheld wireless communicators from Star Trek, and Amazon’s Alexa voice-assistant by the talking computer on the Enterprise. The Kindle was inspired by an electronic-book device in Neal Stephenson’s novel The Diamond Age, and an entire industry is trying to bring to life the virtual world he described in Snow Crash. (摩托罗拉发明手机是受到《星际迷航》中手持无线通讯器的启发，亚马逊的Alexa语音助手则源自“企业号”飞船上的智能电脑。Kindle电子阅读器的灵感来自Neal Stephenson的小说《钻石时代》中的电子书设备，而整个科技行业都在努力将他笔下《雪崩》中描绘的虚拟世界变为现实)”可推知，最后一段通过列举摩托罗拉手机、亚马逊的Alexa、Kindle等实例，体现科幻作品的影响。故选B项。 36．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“All of those do have some predictive value. (所有这些确实都具有一定的预测价值)”、“This is the first of three ways in which science fiction can give us a glimpse of the future. (这是科幻小说能让我们窥见未来的三种方式中的第一种)”、第三段中“The second is that it can help broaden the mind when assessing future scenarios (设想) for planning purposes, both in government and in business. (第二种方式是，科幻小说能够帮助政府和企业拓宽思维，更好地评估未来情景以制定规划)”和最后一段中“And then the third one is more direct: by inspiring people in the tech industry who want to make these fictions a reality. (而第三种方式则更为直接：通过激励科技行业的从业者，让他们将这些虚构构想变为现实)”可知，全文通过三个层面，即预测趋势、拓展规划思维、直接启发技术，说明科幻小说为人们提供了对未来的洞见。故选B项。 Passage 10 Natural Disasters Require Special Building Design Natural disasters happen everywhere in the world. Many cause property damage and loss of life. But researchers say the severity (严重性) of their effects can be reduced if people take steps to prepare. A new exhibit teaches what governments and individuals can do to lessen the effects. Chrysanthe Broikos organized the exhibit at the National Building Museum. She says large buildings and other structures can survive strong earthquakes if they are built with some level of flexibility. In other words, they need to be able to bend and move as the earth shakes. “We need to let buildings move and we can actually understand where they might fail, and then go in and design buildings with that in mind.” One building design is called a “special moment frame”. It enables movement at points where large load-bearing supports join each other. Rubber-based foundation blocks let buildings move, while huge shock absorbers (缓冲器) help to limit the shaking. The museum exhibit has a model of a wind wall. The model shows how some roofs or tops of buildings are more likely to be destroyed than others because of the strong winds of hurricanes. Chrysanthe Broikos says tests show that a reasonable angled roof is best able to withstand wind storms. In areas with powerful winds, researchers have strongly urged the creation of at least one “safe room”. This is a place where building occupants can spend the most dangerous part of the storm. Another concern is how to deal with storms and flooding. Some coastal communities in the U.S. have made artificial reefs from oysters (牡蛎) shells instead of rocks. The builders use shells collected from restaurants to create the barriers. Chrysanthe Broikos also suggests setting aside land along the coast for parks instead of housing. She says this is more natural and keeps valuable property away from danger. As for forest fires, researchers now suggest clearing an area about 60 meters wide around a single-family house. “What that means is trying to keep that area free of material that easily burns.” 37．What does Chrysanthe Broikos think about the buildings that can survive strong earthquakes? A．They should be fixed enough. B．Their height needs to be reasonable. C．Their location is the most important. D．They are mobile and bendable. 38．What does the underlined word “that” in the third paragraph refer ? A．Lessening the effects. B．Where they might fail. C．Designing buildings. D．Special moment frame. 39．Which of the following belongs to the measures to deal with storms and flooding ? A．Don’t build houses along the coast. B．Set aside land for parking cars. C．Make artificial reefs from rocks. D．Raise oysters in large number. 40．What is the passage mainly about ? A．Different types of natural disasters. B．Preparations for natural disasters. C．Reactions to natural disasters. D．Effects of natural disasters. 【答案】37．D 38．B 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如果人们做好准备，可以降低自然灾害影响的严重程度。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“She says large buildings and other structures can survive strong earthquakes if theyare built with some level of flexibility. In other words, they need to be able to bendand move as the earth shakes.(她说，大型建筑和其他结构如果在建造时具有一定程度的灵活性，就可以在强震中幸存下来。换句话说，它们需要能够在地震时弯曲和移动)”可知，Chrysanthe Broikos认为可移动和可弯曲的建筑能在强震中幸存下来。故选D项。 38．词句猜测题。分析划线单词，可知是代词，代指前文提到的人或事，根据第三段“We need to let buildings move and we can actually understand where they might fail, and then go in and design buildings with that in mind.(我们需要让建筑移动，这样我们才能真正了解它们可能会在哪里倒塌，然后在设计建筑时考虑到这一点)”可知，that代指的是“它们可能会在哪里倒塌”。故选B项。 39．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Another concern is how to deal with storms and flooding. Some coastal communities in the U.S. have made artificial reefs from oysters shells instead of rocks. The builders use shells collected from restaurants to create the barriers. Chrysanthe Broikos also suggests setting aside land along the coast for parks instead of housing.(另一个问题是如何应对风暴和洪水。美国的一些沿海社区用牡蛎壳代替岩石制作了人工珊瑚礁。建造者使用从餐馆收集的贝壳来建造屏障。Chrysanthe Broikos还建议将沿海的土地留作公园而不是住宅)”可知，Chrysanthe Broikos建议不要沿着海岸建房子。故选A项。 40．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Natural disasters happen everywhere in the world. Many cause property damage and loss of life. But researchers say the severity of their effects can be reduced if people take steps to prepare.(自然灾害发生在世界各地。许多事故造成财产损失和生命损失。但研究人员表示，如果人们做好准备，其影响的严重程度可以降低)”可知，这篇文章主要讲的是为自然灾害作准备。故选B项。 语篇类型四: 议论文+其他文体 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·江苏扬州·期中）From Beijing, more than 400 kilometers away, all the way up north, the temperature gradually drops. With the emergence (出现) of fire prevention warnings, Saihanba (塞罕坝), known as a “miracle on earth”, begins to come into view. In October, the cold wind blowing from Siberia has dyed (染色) Saihanba golden. In Mongolian, Saihanba means beautiful high mountains. However, Saihanba was a desert of “yellow sand covering the sky and flying birds without inhabiting trees” 62 years ago. Whenever the north wind blows, the windy sand located in Inner Mongolia will drive southward, reaching Beijing and Tianjin. After more than half a century of forest plantation, people who have come to Saihanba can hardly imagine the arid (干旱) scene. Sometimes, a gust of wind passes by, and they would just sigh and shout how strong the wind is, but they would not feel sandblasted (喷砂). On Oct 9, watchmen Liu Jun and Wang Juan were observing the surrounding forest area on a watchtower in Saihanba Forest Farm in Hebei province. Liu is in charge of the observation and Wang keeps recording. “Spring and autumn are the critical fire prevention periods for our forest farm. We need to stay here for three months, have three meals a day, work and live in the building,” says Liu Jun, who has been devoted to observation for 13 years. Although it looks simple, the job is quite the burden on their shoulders. Only by enjoying loneliness can they keep this forest in good condition. Saihanba today is not only a “green Great Wall” for windbreak (防风林) and sand fixation (固化), but also a timber (林木) source. Many people would doubt why the trees that have grown up here are to be cut down in a planned way. Liu explains that most of the trees here are planted forest, and the forest species are relatively single, unlike natural forests that can adapt on their own and survive the fittest. The selective cutting of plantation forests is more like thinning when farmers plant crops. Only in this way can the nutrient area be expanded and diseased plants also be removed to ensure the healthy development of the forest areas. 1．How does the author show the great change of Saihanba? A．By giving examples. B．By analyzing causes. C．By making comparisons. D．By quoting experts’ words. 2．Which of the following can best describe the watchmen’s job? ①Boring   ②Time-consuming  ③Complex  ④Lonely  ⑤Meaningful A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③⑤ D．②④⑤ 3．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the selective cutting of plantation forests? A．It helps remove diseased plants from healthy ones. B．It benefits the healthy development of the forest areas. C．It means cutting down the trees casually and randomly. D．It aims to make the trees planted here less thick or dense. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Timber Farm. B．The Green Guardian. C．The Golden Miracle. D．The Sand Wasteland. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了塞罕坝的转变、护林员的工作以及塞罕坝森林的管理方式。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“However, Saihanba was a desert of “yellow sand covering the sky and flying birds without inhabiting trees” 62 years ago.(然而，62 年前，塞罕坝还是一片“黄沙遮天日，飞鸟无栖树”的荒漠。)”和第三段“After more than half a century of forest plantation, people who have come to Saihanba can hardly imagine the arid (干旱) scene. Sometimes, a gust of wind passes by, and they would just sigh and shout how strong the wind is, but they would not feel sandblasted (喷砂).(历经半个多世纪的植树造林，如今来到塞罕坝的人们很难想象这里曾经干旱的景象。有时，一阵狂风刮过，他们只会感叹风力之强，却不会感受到风沙扑面。)”可知，作者通过比较表现塞罕坝的巨大变化，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Spring and autumn are the critical fire prevention periods for our forest farm. We need to stay here for three months, have three meals a day, work and live in the building,” says Liu Jun, who has been devoted to observation for 13 years. Although it looks simple, the job is quite the burden on their shoulders. Only by enjoying loneliness can they keep this forest in good condition.(“春秋两季是我们林场防火的关键时期。我们得在这里待上三个月，一日三餐、工作生活都在这一栋楼里。”Liu Jun说道，他已经从事看守工作 13 年了。尽管这份工作看似简单，实则责任重大。只有耐得住寂寞，他们才能守护好这片森林。)”可知，护林员的工作费时间，孤单但是有意义，因此用Time-consuming，Lonely和Meaningful描述看守人的工作，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The selective cutting of plantation forests is more like thinning when farmers plant crops. Only in this way can the nutrient area be expanded and diseased plants also be removed to ensure the healthy development of the forest areas.(对人工林的选择性砍伐更像是农民种植作物时的间伐。只有这样，才能扩大营养面积，也才能清除病株，保证林区的健康发展。)”可知，C选项“It means cutting down the trees casually and randomly.(这意味着随意随意地砍伐树木。)”是不正确的，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据首段“From Beijing, more than 400 kilometers away, all the way up north, the temperature gradually drops. With the emergence (出现) of fire prevention warnings, Saihanba (塞罕坝), known as a “miracle on earth”, begins to come into view.(从400多公里外的北京一路北上，气温逐渐下降。随着防火警示的出现，素有“人间奇迹”之称的塞罕坝开始进入人们的视野。)”及最后一段“Saihanba today is not only a “green Great Wall” for windbreak (防风林) and sand fixation (固化), but also a timber (林木) source.(今天的塞罕坝不仅是防风固沙的“绿色长城”，也是木材的来源。)”可知，塞罕坝通过植树造林和护林员努力，从沙漠变为生态屏障，这里指护林员和森林都是绿色守护者。选项D“The Green Guardian (绿色卫士)”既可以指森林，也可以指护林员，一语双关，适合做标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025高一下·陕西咸阳·期中）Florence, a historic city in Italy known for its Renaissance art and architecture, is taking action to cut overtourism. The city has introduced new measures, including banning (禁用) key boxes used by short-term rental landlords and restricting the use of loudspeakers by tour guides. These steps come after complaints (投诉) from the locals, who are struggling with the growing number of tourists. Florence, located in Tuscany, has long been a popular destination for travelers. However, in recent years, the number of visitors has sharply increased, putting pressure on the city’s housing market and its residents. Many people have been forced out due to rising living costs. To address these issues, the city’s government has approved (批准) a 10-point plan to reduce the impact of tourism. One of the key actions is to ban key boxes — combination-protected lockboxes used by landlords for easy check-ins. These were used in the city’s UNESCO-listed historic center, home to famous works by artists such as Botticelli, Michelangelo and Giotto. The plan also targets the use of “atypical vehicles”, like golf carts, which tour guides use to show visitors around the city in areas where cars are not allowed. The use of loudspeakers by tour guides will also be banned in these areas. These changes are part of an effort to make Florence a living and unique city for both the locals and tourists. The city council noted that there has been a sharp rise in the number of tourists, with more than 7.8 million visitors in just the first nine months of 2024． Florence is the latest of several destinations to introduce measures to cut mass tourism. Last week, the archaeological site of Pompeii said it would be capping daily visitors at 20,000 and requiring personalized tickets. However, Italy’s Tourism Minister Daniela Santanche suggested that overtourism in Italy is caused by poor management, and instead of cutting mass tourism, the country should focus on improving the experience for visitors. 5．What can we learn about Florence according to the text? A．It stops the use of loudspeakers. B．It plans to lift the ban in two weeks. C．It has long been a draw for visitors. D．It turns a blind eye to the complaints. 6．Why does Florence introduce the new measures? A．To build a livable city. B．To cut the cost of the trade. C．To attract more tourists. D．To better control air traffic. 7．What does the underlined word “capping” in paragraph 6mean? A．Increasing. B．Inspiring. C．Watching. D．Limiting. 8．What did Santanche want to say about overtourism in Italy? A．It lies in the rapid growth of a city. B．It is a product of mismanagement. C．It can be solved by the new efforts. D．It is caused by ill-mannered visitors. 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。鉴于当地居民投诉游客数量激增，意大利历史文化名城佛罗伦萨正采取一系列措施解决过度旅游问题。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Florence, located in Tuscany, has long been a popular destination for travelers.(位于托斯卡纳的佛罗伦萨长期以来一直是游客们喜爱的目的地)” 可知，佛罗伦萨一直是吸引游客的地方。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第五段“These changes are part of an effort to make Florence a living and unique city for both the locals and tourists.(这些改变是让佛罗伦萨成为一个对当地人和游客来说都适宜居住且独特的城市的努力的一部分)” 可知，佛罗伦萨出台新措施是为了建设一个宜居城市。故选A。 7．词义猜测题。根据第六段“Last week, the archaeological site of Pompeii said it would be capping daily visitors at 20,000 and requiring personalized tickets.(上周，庞贝古城考古遗址表示将把每日游客人数…… 在 20,000 人，并要求购买个性化门票)”以及结合前文提到的佛罗伦萨采取措施减少旅游影响，可推测出这里是限制游客数量，由此可知，capping意为“限制”。故选D。 8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, Italy’s Tourism Minister Daniela Santanche suggested that overtourism in Italy is caused by poor management.(然而，意大利旅游部长丹妮拉・桑坦切表示，意大利的过度旅游是管理不善造成的)” 可知，桑坦切认为意大利的过度旅游是管理不善的结果。故选B。 Passage 3 The interplay between literature and scientific research has been evident throughout history. At a surface level, literature often anticipates future scientific developments, and science, in turn, provides a rich source of inspiration for literary creation. However, the interaction between these two goes beyond mere creativity; it invites deeper thoughts on the ethical (道德的) and philosophical impacts of technological advancements. For instance, science fiction works like Isaac Asimov’s I, Robot play a direct role in shaping and inspiring the development of artificial intelligence (AI). This book pictures a future where robots coexist with humans and are governed by the “Three Laws of Robotics”. These laws not only influence the real-world AI research but also become a cornerstone in the debate surrounding AI ethics. These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge, making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp. Yet, the influence of literature on science extends even further. Take Liu Cixin’s The Three-Body Problem as an example. The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs — they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen impacts of technological advancements in the future? The true value of literature in relation to science is its ability to stir the pot. It not only question what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. While science focuses on problem-solving and innovation, literature makes us consider the broader influence on nature and society, ensuring our progress is guided by wisdom, understanding, and humanity. 9．What do we know about I, Robot? A．It instructs scientists in detail. B．It boosts research on bridges. C．It facilitates public access to science. D．It sets laws for robots in the real world. 10．Why does the author mention The Three-Body Problem? A．To point out the complexity of science. B．To warn about the dangers of technology. C．To show literature’s moral concerns about science. D．To suggest literature’s direct influence on innovation. 11．What do the underlined words “stir the pot” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Explore and explain. B．Challenge and reflect. C．Assume and examine. D．Educate and entertain. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Science: the Blueprint of Literature B．Science: a Whisper in Literature’s Ear C．Literature: a Critical Insight into Science D．Literature: the Gateway to Scientific Ideas 【答案】9．C 10．C 11．B 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了文学与科学研究之间由来已久的相互影响力，强调文学对科学的影响不仅在于预测未来。文章以《我，机器人》和《三体》为例，揭示文学的真正价值在于引发人类对技术进步的思考，思考其对自然和社会的影响，以确保科学探索之路始终拥有智慧、理解和人文主义这三盏指路明灯。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge, making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp.(这些虚构的定律为科学家们提供的不仅仅是一个蓝图；它们还充当了一座桥梁，让公众更容易理解复杂的技术问题) 可知，这本书促进公众获取科学。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据第三段“The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs — they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen impacts of technological advancements in the future?(在这部小说里，科学家们不仅仅是科学突破的先驱者——他们还代表着人类所面临的艰难抉择和内心冲突。通过描写他们的挣扎，刘提出了一个深刻的问题：随着科学将我们推向新的领域，我们是否真的做好了准备，去承担未来技术进步所带来的那些难以预见的影响的责任呢？)”可推知，作者提及小说《三体》是为了展示文学作品对科学的道德关切。故选C。 11．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“It not only question what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. While science focuses on problem-solving and innovation, literature makes us consider the broader influence on nature and society, ensuring our progress is guided by wisdom, understanding, and humanity.(它不仅质疑我们通过科学能够取得什么样的成就，还质疑我们是否应该追求这些成就。虽然科学专注于解决问题和创新，但文学让我们思考其对自然和社会更广泛的影响，确保我们的进步是由智慧、理解和人性所引导的)”可知，文学相对于科学的真正价值在于它能提出质疑和让我们思考。由此可推测“stir the pot”意思是“挑战和反思”。故选B。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“However, the interaction between these two goes beyond d mere creativity; it invites deeper thoughts on the ethical (道德的) and philosophical impacts of techno logical advancements.(然而，这两者之间的互动不仅仅是创造力；它引发了对技术进步的伦理和哲学影响的更深层次的思考)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了文学与科学研究之间的相互作用，文学不仅能预见未来科学发展，还能对科学技术进步带来的伦理和哲学影响进行深入思考，对科学进行批判性洞察。C选项“文学：对科学的批判性洞察”符合文章主旨，最适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 Passage 4 （2025高一下·福建福州·阶段练习）For more than six decades Bob Dylan has remained a mythical force in music, his deep voice and poetic lyrics (歌词) reflecting over war, heartbreak, and death in songs that brought beauty to life’s greatest tragedies (悲剧). But Bob Dylan’s place as one of the world’s greatest artistic figures was developed further on Thursday when he was named the surprise winner of the Nobel prize in literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”. After the announcement, the secretary of the Swedish Academy, Sara Danius, said it had “not been a difficult decision” and she hoped the academy would not be attacked for its choice. “We hoped the news would be received with joy, but you never know,” she said, comparing the songs of the American songwriter to the works of Homer and Sappho. “We’re really giving it to Bob Dylan as a great poet — that’s the reason we awarded him the prize. He’s a great poet in the great English tradition, stretching from Milton and Blake onwards. And he’s a very interesting traditionalist, in a highly original way. Not just the written tradition, but also the oral one; not just high literature, but also low literature.” Though Dylan is considered by many to be a musician, not a writer, Danius said the artistic reach of his lyrics and poetry could not be put in a single box. “I came to realise that we still read Homer and Sappho from ancient Greece, and they were writing 2,500 years ago,” she said. “They were meant to be performed, often together with instruments, but they have survived, and survived incredibly well, on the book page. We enjoy their poetry, and I think Bob Dylan deserves to be read as a poet.” Not everyone was overjoyed by the announcement, however. Irvine Welsh, the author of Trainspotting, said that although he was a Dylan fan “this is an ill-conceived nostalgia (怀旧) award”. The novelist Hari Kunzru was equally doubtful (怀疑的). “This feels like the unconvincing Nobel win since they gave it to Obama for not being Bush,” he said. 13．What can we infer from Swedish Academy’s award decision? A．They praised musical creativity over literary traditions. B．They redefined literary works to include oral traditions. C．They changed artistic standards for political correctness. D．They separated lyrical composition from poetic achievement. 14．The comparison of Dylan’s songs to Homer and Sappho’s works mainly serves ________. A．to highlight the commercial success of modern songwriting B．to emphasize the academic recognition of oral traditions C．to contrast ancient poetry with modern musical forms D．to raise Dylan’s lyrical achievements to classical standards 15．The underlined word “ill-conceived” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A．ill-treated B．greatly damaged C．poorly thought out D．ill-intended 16．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Bob Dylan’s music has inspired generations of musicians. B．Bob Dylan won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his poetic songwriting. C．Bob Dylan’s award receives many praises from musicians. D．Bob Dylan’s lyrics are more popular than his music. 【答案】13．B 14．D 15．C 16．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了鲍勃·迪伦因其在歌曲创作中融入深刻诗意表达而获得诺贝尔文学奖，讨论了这一决定的意义、支持者和批评者的观点。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段“We’re really giving it to Bob Dylan as a great poet — that’s the reason we awarded him the prize. He’s a great poet in the great English tradition, stretching from Milton and Blake onwards. And he’s a very interesting traditionalist, in a highly original way. Not just the written tradition, but also the oral one; not just high literature, but also low literature.(我们真的把它授予鲍勃·迪伦，将其作为一位伟大的诗人——这就是我们授予他的原因。他是英国伟大传统中的一位伟大诗人，从弥尔顿和布莱克开始。他是一位非常有趣的传统主义者，以一种极具原创性的方式。不仅是书面传统，还有口头传统；不仅是高级文学，还有低级文学)”可推测，他们以一种极具原创性的方式，重新定义了书面传统的文学作品，并且将口头传统也包括在内。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段““I came to realise that we still read Homer and Sappho from ancient Greece, and they were writing 2,500 years ago,” she said. “They were meant to be performed, often together with instruments, but they have survived, and survived incredibly well, on the book page. We enjoy their poetry, and I think Bob Dylan deserves to be read as a poet.”(她说：“我开始意识到，我们仍然在读古希腊的荷马和萨福，他们是2500年前写的。”。“它们本应被演奏，通常与乐器一起演奏，但它们在书页上幸存下来，而且幸存得非常好。我们喜欢它们的诗歌，我认为鲍勃·迪伦值得作为诗人阅读。”)”可知，将迪伦的歌曲与荷马和萨福的作品进行比较，这是为了强调Dylan的歌词成就应与2500年前的古典标准相提并论。故选D。 15．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Not everyone was overjoyed by the announcement, however. Irvine Welsh, the author of Trainspotting, said that although he was a Dylan fan “this is an ill-conceived nostalgia (怀旧) award”. The novelist Hari Kunzru was equally doubtful (怀疑的). “This feels like the unconvincing Nobel win since they gave it to Obama for not being Bush,” he said.(然而，并不是每个人都对这一宣布感到高兴。《猜火车》的作者Irvine Welsh表示，尽管他是迪伦的粉丝，但“这是一个ill-conceived的怀旧奖”。小说家哈里·昆兹鲁同样持怀疑态度。他说：“这感觉就像是一个不令人信服的诺贝尔奖，因为他们把它给了奥巴马，因为他不是布什。”)”可知，有人对这一颁奖结果持怀疑态度，认为这是不令人信服的，推测划线单词表示“考虑不周的”，与poorly thought out意义相近。故选C。 16．主旨大意题。根据第二段“But Bob Dylan’s place as one of the world’s greatest artistic figures was developed further on Thursday when he was named the surprise winner of the Nobel prize in literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”.(但鲍勃·迪伦作为世界上最伟大的艺术人物之一的地位在周四得到了进一步的发展，他因“在伟大的美国歌曲传统中创造了新的诗意表达”而被授予诺贝尔文学奖)”可知，本文主要介绍了鲍勃·迪伦因其在歌曲创作中融入深刻诗意表达而获得诺贝尔文学奖，讨论了这一决定的意义、支持者和批评者的观点。因此，文章的主旨是关于鲍勃·迪伦因他的诗意歌曲写作赢得了诺贝尔文学奖。故选B。 Passage 5 It would be hard, Gabriel Garcia Márquez thought, to do justice to the surreal tale on screen. By his reckoning, One Hundred Years of Solitude, his landmark novel of 1967, would need a runtime of 100 hours and have to be filmed in Colombia, entirely in Spanish. Netflix, with the support of Márquez’s estate (遗产) agency, has honoured two of those three proclamations (声明). The streamer boasts that its new adaptation of Márquez’s novel—the first on screen—is “one of the most ambitious productions in Latin American history”. It has decided to compress Márquez’ s novel into 16 episodes, with the first released on December 11th, 2024. The book presents a huge challenge to film-makers for two reasons. One is its status: many think One Hundred Years of Solitude was the greatest novel of the 20th century. It helped Márquez to win the Nobel Prize in literature in 1982 and has sold some 50m copies worldwide. With affection comes expectation. When the TV show was announced, fans online were quick to express their fears about an oversimplified, “caricatured” (讽刺描画的) retelling. Those remarks point to the other test for adapters, which is the novel’s sheer complexity. Set in around 1850-1950, the book traces the fortunes of the Buendía family across several generations. When Netflix approached Alex Garcia López, a director, about the project, he was excited but worried. “I remember the book having very little dialogue. I remember it being a very existential kind of book and jumping all over the place. I just thought: ‘This is just not really doable, is it?’” It was José Rivera, one of the screenwriters, who decided the story should proceed chronologically and that it needed a narrator. It quotes from the novel word for word. “It was a great way of having Gabriel’s voice guide us through the story,” Mr López says, “and a way to be ‘faithful to the book and to its style’.” To write One Hundred Years of Solitude Márquez drew on his childhood town of Aracataca. Almost 60 years later, Netflix is hoping this is true of its version. Márquez’s book, after all, is about history repeating itself. 17．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Márquez made a legal claim against a copyright theft. B．Márquez spent 100 hours completing his landmark novel. C．Netflix got much support from Márquez to adapt his novel. D．Netflix is proud of its new adaptation of Márquez’s novel. 18．Why is it a great challenge for the filmmakers to adapt Márquez’ s novel? A．There is a fear about the clumsy performance of the actors. B．The adaptation may rock the status of the work in literature. C．The original novel unfolds a considerably complicated plot. D．Fans hold an impractical expectation of the adapted movie. 19．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．The effective strategies of adaptation. B．The introduction to the production staff. C．The writing style of the adapted novel. D．The strange contents of the screen work. 20．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Márquez’s Classic: An Ambitious Literature Work B．Netflix: A Successful Streamer to Make Film Adaptation C．One Hundred Years of Solitude: From the Shelf to the Couch D．Challenges for Filmmakers: From Complexity to Simplification 【答案】17．D 18．C 19．A 20．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了把1967年出版的里程碑式小说《百年孤独》改变并搬上屏幕很难，而Netflix公司完成了这项艰巨的任务，《百年孤独》首次被搬上银幕，该公司自称是‘拉丁美洲历史上最雄心勃勃的作品之一’。 17．推理判断题。根据第一段“It would be hard, Gabriel Garcia Márquez thought, to do justice to the surreal tale on screen. By his reckoning, One Hundred Years of Solitude, his landmark novel of 1967, would need a runtime of 100 hours and have to be filmed in Colombia, entirely in Spanish. Netflix, with the support of Márquez’s estate (遗产) agency, has honoured two of those three proclamations (声明). The streamer boasts that its new adaptation of Márquez’s novel—the first on screen—is ‘one of the most ambitious productions in Latin American history’.( Márquez认为，要在银幕上公正地描述这个超现实的故事很难。根据他的估算，1967年出版的里程碑式小说《百年孤独》需要100个小时的时间，而且必须在哥伦比亚拍摄，全部用西班牙语。在Márquez房地产代理的支持下，Netflix兑现了上述三项声明中的两项。这家流媒体公司吹嘘说，他们对Márquez小说的新改编——首次搬上银幕——是‘拉丁美洲历史上最雄心勃勃的作品之一’)”可知，Netflix公司对自己的成功改编很自豪。故选D项。 18．细节理解题。根据第三段“Those remarks point to the other test for adapters, which is the novel’s sheer complexity. Set in around 1850-1950, the book traces the fortunes of the Buendía family across several generations.(这些评论指向了对改编者的另一个考验，那就是小说的复杂性。这本书以1850-1950年为背景，追溯了Buendía家族几代人的命运)”可知，对这部小说的改编是一个巨大的挑战，其原因之一是因为原著情节特别复杂。故选C项。 19．段落大意题。根据第五段“It was José Rivera, one of the screenwriters, who decided the story should proceed chronologically and that it needed a narrator. It quotes from the novel word for word.(编剧之一约瑟·里维拉决定，故事应该按时间顺序进行，而且需要一个叙述者。它逐字逐句地引自小说)”可知，第五段主要介绍了这次的改编方案。故选A项。 20．主旨大意题。根据第一段“It would be hard, Gabriel Garcia Márquez thought, to do justice to the surreal tale on screen. By his reckoning, One Hundred Years of Solitude, his landmark novel of 1967, would need a runtime of 100 hours and have to be filmed in Colombia, entirely in Spanish. Netflix, with the support of Márquez’s estate (遗产) agency, has honoured two of those three proclamations (声明). The streamer boasts that its new adaptation of Márquez’s novel—the first on screen—is “one of the most ambitious productions in Latin American history”. It has decided to compress Márquez’ s novel into 16 episodes, with the first released on December 11th, 2024.( Márquez认为，要在银幕上公正地描述这个超现实的故事很难。根据他的估算，1967年出版的里程碑式小说《百年孤独》需要100个小时的时间，而且必须在哥伦比亚拍摄，全部用西班牙语。在Márquez房地产代理的支持下，Netflix兑现了上述三项声明中的两项。这家流媒体公司吹嘘说，他们对Márquez小说的新改编——首次搬上银幕——是“拉丁美洲历史上最雄心勃勃的作品之一”。它决定将Márquez的小说压缩为16集，并于2024年12月11日首次发布)”并结合全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了《百年孤独》这部历史巨著首次从纸质书被改编并拍摄搬上荧屏的过程。因此C项“《百年孤独》：从书架到沙发”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。 Passage 6 When asked to explain his success, Eero Mantyranta, who won seven Olympic medals in cross-country skiing, hardly mentions a genetic (基因) change that gives him extra red blood cells which can store more oxygen than everyone else’s. Instead, he says things like, “If you think about doing the unthinkable, you can!” or “Easy is not an option. No days off. Never quit.” It is understandable to popularize tales of iron discipline and hard work in sports. After all, the jobs of millions of coaches and sports psychologists — not to mention the Olympians who want to translate their gold medals into “life lessons” for the public — depend on the notion. But the worship of hard work has spread far beyond sports and has become a fast growing part of our culture at large. For example, Malcolm Gladwell even advocates in his book, Outliers, that hard work is not only necessary but sufficient for success. This has caught the public imagination, and can be seen everywhere. Social media is also full of successful businessmen telling people to get up at 4:00 am and avoid social life. Sure, hard work is important. But talent matters too and it can come from anywhere. Studies of athletes find that top competitors improve more quickly with smaller amounts of practice than ordinary folks. This extends to other fields, too. The amount of practice needed to become a top violinist varies hugely between individuals and only a few can work to the top. Perhaps, it is depressing to admit that talent matters, as we are brought up on the idea that anyone can make it if they just put in the hours. But it is, I think, a rather unhealthy principle on which to found a society. For one thing, the hard work myth may lead us directly to a hothouse culture: If hard work and achievement are joined by a straight line, why ever pause for a rest? The hard work myth may also keep a champion from emerging a little later in life, from a group that wasn’t constantly coached from birth by resource-rich parents. 21．What does the author suggest about Eero Mantyranta? A．He is born to be a good skier. B．He is very frank with his success. C．He can be a top coach in the future. D．He has worked longer than anyone else. 22．What is the Olympians’ main purpose in stressing hard work according to the text? A．To encourage talented athletes. B．To share their hard-learned lessons. C．To take advantage of the public. D．To help their coaches and psychologists. 23．What will the author most probably advise us to do? A．Follow the advice of influencers. B．Get up early and work hard every day. C．Get professional training as early as possible. D．Figure out the strengths and put in hard work. 24．What does the author think of the hothouse culture? A．Scientific. B．Harmful. C．Necessary. D．Entertaining. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D $$