内容正文:
牛津版七年级下期末考点串讲
Units 1-8
重点单词,短语,句式精讲
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Units1-8 重点短语归纳
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Units1-8 重点单词精讲
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unit 4
反身代词
目录
CONTENTS
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Units1-8 重点句式归纳
PART 01
Units1-8 重点短语归纳
Unit 1 People around us
重点短语
1.used to 曾经。过去常常
2.(be)kind to对…友善
3.(be)patient with对。。。耐心
4.in the future在未来
5.gives sb. tips on给某人一些建议
6.stay healthy保持健康
7.take good care of 好好照顾
8. the same…as 与……相同
9. be active in 在….很活跃
10.in hospital生病住院
11.keep one’s attention in class上课集中注意力
12. feel bored in 感到无聊
13.(be) strict about (in) 严格要求
14.gives us lots of support给了我们很多支持
15. work out锻炼,解答
16.think about思考
17. give up 放弃
18. be worried about 对….担心
19. find out 发现, 查明
20.too…to 太…而不能
Unit 2 Travelling around the world
重点短语
1.富有,蕴含丰富的 (be)rich in
2.…首都 the capital city of
3.在….北方in the north of
4.名胜古迹places of interest
5.例如such as
6.百货商店department stores
7.尝试,体验get a taste of
8.在…中心in the centre of
9.另一个游客最多的城市another most-visited city
10.以…而闻名be famous for
11.更喜欢prefer to
12.为什么不.。。why not
13.国家公园national park
14. 全年 all year around
15.建立;组建set up
16.濒危动物endangered animals
17.被....覆盖be covered by / with sth.
18.在野外in the wild
19.对.......感到惊奇be amazed at sth.
20.去观光go sightseeing
去远足 go hiking 去旅游 go on a trip
Unit 3 Trees and us
重点短语
1. take in吸收;摄入
2. greenhouse gas 温室气体
3. to begin with 首先;第一点
4. come from 来自
5. look around环视;环顾;四下察看
6. be made of 由 制成
7. for example 例如;譬如
8. communicate with 与…沟通
9. call on号召;动员;要求
10.according to 据(所说);
11. by accident偶然;意外地
12. provide … with …为。。。提供
13.make tea沏茶
14. in a kind way以友善的方式
15. cut down砍倒
16.so far到目前为止
17.date back to追溯到
18.drink tea for the taste喝茶是为了品茶
19.became known as the Sage of Tea被称为茶圣
20. use a stick to support the sapling
用棍子支撑树苗
Unit 4 Our animal friends
重点短语
1.到达:arrive at(+ 小地点)/arrive in(+ 大地点)/get to/reach
2.独自:by myself
3.带领……:lead...to
4.入睡:fall asleep
5.醒来:wake up
6.扑灭:put out
7.发现,查明:find out
8.引起某人注意:catch one's attention
9.在某人的帮助下:with one's help
10.趴下:get down
11.不久之后:before long
12.变成:turn into
13.过去常常:used to
14.一…… 就……:as soon as
15.一会儿后:after a while
16.饲养不同种类的宠物:
raise/keep different types of pets
17.允许某人做某事:allow sb. to do sth.
18.爬出……:climb out of...
19.的重要来源:an important source of...
20.选择做某事:choose to do sth.
Unit 5 Water is life
重点短语
1.节水方法 ways to save water
2.淋浴 take a shower
3.事实上 in fact
4.盆浴 take a bath
5.水循环 water cycle
6.关掉 turn off
7.环顾四周 look around
8.冷却 cool down
9.最终处于 end up
10.向…… 添加…… add...to...
11.… 的结尾 / 尽 the end of
12.再一次 one more time
13.立刻,马上 at once
14.寻找 search for
15.把…… 运输到… transport...to...
16.产生很大影响 make a big difference
17.在…… 中起重要作用 play a big role in
18.将货物运往海外 ship goods overseas
19.确保 make sure
20.组成;构成 make up
Unit 6 Electricity everywhere
重点短语
1.have something in common 有相同的特征(或特点等)
2. light bulb 电灯泡
3.air conditioner 空调机;空调设备
4. video game 电子游戏
5.run out of 用完;耗尽
6. go bad 变质
7. electric car 电动汽车
8. electrical appliance 电器
9. care about 关注;担忧
10. climate change 气候变化
11. join in 参加;加入
12.turn out 结果,证明……
13.get dark 变黑,变暗
14. even worse 更糟糕的是
15.by hand 用手
16.go on a bike trip骑自行车旅行
17.in the countryside在乡村
18.imagine doing sth.想象做某事
19.the amount of …的数量(不可数)
20. at the speed of...以…的速度
Unit 7 Role models of our times
重点短语
1.模范,榜样 role models
2.为…做贡献make contributions to sth./doing
3.在…… 的发展中in the development of
4.去深造go to further one’s education
5.花时间 / 金钱做某事spend …doing sth.
6.在某人的领域in one’s field
7.渴望做某事be eager to do sth.
8.不知疲倦地工作work tirelessly
9.起关键作用play a key role in...
10.致力于……devote oneself to
11.生活简朴live a simple life
12.不计名利not interested in fame or money
13.突出stand out
14.阻止…做某事stop...from doing sth.
15.在某些时候at certain times
16.清除clear away
17.扑灭put out
18.感到自豪be proud of
19.获得成功achieve success
20.能够做某事be able to do sth.
Unit 8
重点短语
1.理想的工作 dream job
2.实现梦想 achieve one’s dream
3.…… 的开始 the beginning of (= the start of)
4.梦想 dream of
5.实现;成为现实 come true
6.把... 比作 compare... to
7.过去常常;曾经 used to
8.用生动的方式 in a lively way
9.对...... 好奇 be curious about
10.看起来像 look like
11.把...... 变成 turn...into
12.对...... 厌烦 feel bored with
13.对...... 感兴趣 be interested in
14.放弃 give up
15.把你的兴趣转化为你的职业 turn your interests into your career
16.从那天起 from that day on
17.为… 感到自豪 be proud of
18.增进对这个话题的理解 increase the understanding of the topic
19.思考如何做某事 think about how to do sth
20.取得良好进展 make good progress
PART 02
Units1-8 重点单词精讲
二、重点单词
要点 1: wh+不定式结构
how to stay healthy为“疑问词+动词不定式(短语)”结构,在句中作介词on的宾语。在英语中,动词不定式可与what、which、who、 when、where ,how等连用,构成 “疑问词+to do”结构,在句中可作主语、表 语、宾语等多种句子成分。
He was unsure of what to do next. 他对下一步该做什么犹豫不定。
You have a number of topics from which to choose. 你有很多话题可以选择。
When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided. 什么时候开会还没有决定。
The problem is where to find the financial aid. 问题是到哪里去找经济援助。
疑问词+to do”结构常常可以与宾语从句相互转换。
The doctor told him when he should take the medicine.
The doctor told him when to take the medicine.
医生告诉他什么时候吃药。
要点 2. suggest suggestion advice advise的区别
suggest及物动词,意为“建议,提议”,其主要用法为:
1.suggest sth. (to sb.)向某人提议/建议某事
He suggested a walk.
2.suggest doing sth.建议做某事
She suggested going there by bike.
3.suggest+ that引导宾语从句,“suggest+that宾语从句”,此时从句要用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。但suggest作“表明”讲时,不用虚拟语气。He suggested (that) we (should) do it at once.
【拓展】
①suggest的名词形式为suggestion,意为“建议,提议”
May I make a suggestion?
②在表示“建议某人做某事”时,可用advise sb. to do sth,不能用suggest sb. to do sth. suggest sb. doing=advise sb. to do
advice 不可数名词 This is a piece of useful advice.
这是一条有用的建议。
Who can give me some advice?
谁能给我一些建议?
suggestion 可数名词 Here are some suggestions for you.这是给你的一些建议。
advise v.建议,常用于advise sb. to do sth.结构 He advises me to have a good rest.
他建议我好好休息一下。
suggest v.建议, suggest sb. doing sth. I suggest having a good rest.
我建议好好休息一下。
advice和suggestion的辨析
advice的动词形式为advise。advise和suggest的辨析
要点3 strict构成的短语
strict adj.严厉的;严格的
【例句】He grew up in a strict family.他在一个严格的家庭长大。
【辨析】be strict with 与be strict in
be strict with 意为“对某人要求严格”
be strict in (about) 意为“对某物/某事要求严格”
【易混辨析】be strict with与be strict in
Our teacher is strict with us and he is also strict in his work.
我们的老师对我们严格要求,并且他对他的工作也严格要求。
be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 Is your mother strict with you?你妈妈对你要求严格吗?
be strict in (about) sth. 对某事要求严格 He is always strict in his work.他对工作总是要求严格。
要点4 too …to 的用法
too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的,但意义上却表示否定含义,所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not,只接动词原形即可,too后接形容词或副词原形。例如:
The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。
【拓展】
(1)含too…to…的句子可以改写成“so…that…”句型,意为“如此……以至于……”。例如:
He is too old to do hard work. = He is so old that he can’t do hard work.
他年纪太大而不能干重活。
(2)含too…to…的句子也可以用“not … enough to do sth.”句型来替换,但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如:
He is too old to do hard work. = He is not young enough to do hard work.
他年纪大了,不能干重活。
要点5 hear sb. do sth. 和hear sb.doing sth.
hear sb./sth.+动词原形:听见某人/某物(经常/过去)做…….
hear sb./sth.+动词-ing: 听见某人/某物正在做…….
I heard her play the piano in her room last night.
I hear her playing the piano in her room now.
hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事
【经典例句】
When I passed the room, I heard someone singing inside.
当我路过房间的时候,我听到有人在里面唱歌。
【考点聚焦】
1)注意区别hear sb. do和hear sb. doing:
hear sb. do sth.表示“听到某人做某事的全过程”。
hear sb. doing sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”。
2)注意掌握hear的其他短语:
hear about听说关于…… hear of听说……
hear that ...听说…… hear from收到……的来信
要点 6. used to do 和be used to doing的区别
used to 意为“过去常常”
(1)be used to (doing) sth. 意为“习惯于(做)某事”,
(2)be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”
(3)be used for doing sth. 意为“被用来做某事”,
be used for doing=be used to do。
(4) be used as... 意为“被用来作为……”
used to do 和be used to doing
used to
do sth. 过去常常做某事,意思是现在不做了,主语常是人,当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。
I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
be used to
doing sth. 习惯于做某事,主语也通常是人,但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。
He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。
要点7 successful , succeed 的用法
success的用法
(1)作为不可数名词,意为“成功;成就”。在表示“成功的人或事”时,它是可数名词。
Success is the mother of failure.失败是成功之母。
The party was a great success.这次聚会获得了巨大的成功。
其动词succeed,意为“成功”,常用于succeed in doing sth.,意为“成功做某事”。
The young man succeeded in passing the driving test.
年青人成功地通过了驾照考试。
(3)其形容词successful,意为“成功的”,其反义词为unsuccessful,意为“不成功的”。它们的副词分别为successfully, unsuccessfully。
The old man is a very successful writer. 老人是一个非常成功的作家。
要点 8. be famous for/as
be famous for 表示“因……而出名”,通常用于描述一个人、地方或事物因其特定的特征、技能、产品或其他原因而闻名。例如:
He is famous for his great inventions.他因伟大的发明而出名。
Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful scenery.杭州因美丽的风景而出名.
be famous as 表示“作为……而出名”,通常用于描述一个人因其职业或身份而出名,或一个地方因其特定的功能或角色而出名。例如:
Napoleon was famous as a soldier.拿破仑以其军事才能而著称。
Mark Twain was famous as a children's story writer.
马克·吐温作为儿童故事作家而著称。
补充说明:
be famous for 和 be famous as 的用法和含义有所不同,前者强调原因,后者强调身份或职业。
要点 9 prefer
(1)prefer是及物动词,意思是“更喜欢、比较喜欢”,相当于like better。例如:
Which do you prefer(=like better), rice or bread? 你比较喜欢哪一样,米饭还是面包?
(2)由prefer构成的短语:
1) prefer A to B意为“喜欢A胜过B、比起B来更喜欢A”,此短语中A和B的形式一样,可以是名词、代词或者动名词,但必须两个词形式统一。例如:
We prefer apples to oranges. 比起桔子来我们更喜欢苹果。
My grandma prefers taking a walk to sitting in front of the TV.我奶奶宁愿去散步而不愿看电视。
2) prefer to do something rather than do something意为“宁愿做某事,而不愿意做某事。”
此短语中prefer 的后面用动词不定式,than的后面用省略to的动词不定式。如:
They prefer to stay at home and watch TV, rather than go out for a walk.
他们宁愿呆在家里看电视,也不愿意出去散步。
要点 10 set up
set up建立、设立、
They set up a new business together. 他们一起创办了一家新企业。
The organization was set up to support local artists. 该组织成立是为了支持本地艺术家
set构成的短语
拓展:set off for + 地点 出发前往某地
set off on a new journey 动身踏上新旅程
set off 动身;出发;点燃 (set off fireworks 放烟火set off the alarm 使警报响起)
set up 开办;建立
set down 写下;制定
set an example (to…) 给…树立榜样
set sb. free 释放某人
a set of sth 一套...;一组...
要点 11. cover
作为动词,
cover的基本含义是“覆盖”,指用某物遮盖在另一物体上面。例如:
1.Please cover the table with a cloth. 请用布盖住桌子。
2.The highway was covered with snow. 公路被雪覆盖着。
cover还可以表示“包含”或“涉及”。例如:
1.These regulations cover such cases. 这些规定适用于这类情况。
2.His reading covers a wide range of subjects. 他阅读的书籍涉及多种学科。
cover还有“采访、报道”的意思。例如:
Jack covered the Gulf War for CNN then. 杰克当时替美国有线新闻电视网报导海湾战争。
2.作为名词,cover可以指“封面”或“报道”。例如:
The magazine had an interesting cover story.
这本杂志有一篇有趣的封面报道。
be covered with 是被动语态形式,表示“被...覆盖”而强调覆盖的状态,例如:
The road is covered with snow. 这条路被雪覆盖了。(强调的状态)
The mountain tops are covered with snow. 白雪覆盖着山顶。(强调的状态)
be covered by 侧重于被动的动作,表示某物被另一物覆盖,强调覆盖的动作或过程。例如,
These expenses are covered by the state.
这些费用由国家承担。这句话强调的是国家承担费用的动作。
要点12 such as
such as意为“例如”,用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子,可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,但
such as后边不能用逗号。 例如:
I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing.
我有很多爱好,如读书,跳舞和唱歌。
Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science.
其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎,例如《跟我学》《跟我学科学》。
English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.
许多国家说英语,如澳大利亚加拿大等。
拓展:
for example也意为“例如”,但是强调“举例”说明,而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语,且用逗号隔开。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。例如:
There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.
有许多种污染方式,例如噪音就是一种污染。
Many students like playing computer games,for example,Mike.
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏,比如迈克。
要点 13. silent
“silent” 作为形容词, “沉默的;寂静的;无声的”。例句:
She remained silent throughout the meeting.她在整个会议中保持沉默。
The night was silent and still.夜晚寂静无声。
“silent” 的同根词有 “silence”名词,沉默;寂静。例句:
silence是silent的名词形式,常用短语为in silence沉默,无声。
☞ Nobody knew what to say and they just sat there in silence.
没有人知道说什么,他们只是默默地坐在那儿。
☞ As night fell, everything was in silence. 当夜幕降临,一切都静悄悄的。
☞ He looked at the boy in silence for some minutes. 他默默地盯着那个男孩看了好一会儿。
② silent是silence的形容词形式,表示"不说话的;沉默的"。
☞ The street was silent. 大街上很安静。
【易混辨析】 silent与quiet
silent着重指沉默无语或没有声音,但不一定指没有动作或活动。
☞ That is a silent movie. 那是一部无声电影。
☞ He is silent about what happened. 他对发生的事情保持沉默。
quiet表示安静的、寂静的、平静的。指物时,表示没有喧闹或没有骚动,处于一种静止的状态或宁静的环境;指人时,表示不发出声音或不发表意见,也可指人的性格温和、文静、不易激动等。
☞ He lives a quiet life in the country. 他在乡下过着悠闲的生活。
☞ Can’t you keep the children quiet? 你能不能让孩子们保持安静?
☞ Mary is a quiet girl. 玛丽是个文静的姑娘。
要点 14. create
“create” 作为动词, “创造;创建;造成”。例句:
The artist created a beautiful painting. 这位艺术家创作了一幅美丽的画。
Scientists hope to create a better world.科学家们希望创造一个更美好的世界。
The new law will create many problems.新法律会造成许多问题。
“create” 的同根词有 “creation” 名词,创造;创作;产物。例句:
The creation of this work took him several years.
这部作品的创作花了他好几年时间。
Her creation shows great talent.她的创作展现出了极大的才华。
“creative”(形容词,创造性的;有创造力的)。例句:
We need more creative ideas.我们需要更多有创意的想法。
The project encourages creative thinking.这个项目鼓励创造性思维。
要点 16. be made of
be made of 意为“由……制成”。
如:我的课桌是木制的。
My desk is made of wood
注意区别:
be made of 从产品中能看出原材料 be made from 从产品中看不出原材料
这座小桥是石头砌成的。The small bridge is made of stones.
葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。Wine is made from grapes.
make sth./sb. into ... 将/使某物/某人制成/成为/变成……
要点 15.
“treat” 常见的用法如下:
1.作动词,意为 “对待;看待”:常用于 “treat sb. /sth. + 方式状语” 结构。例如:
We should treat others with kindness. 我们应该友善地对待他人。
2.作动词,意为 “治疗”:其常用搭配为 “treat sb. for + 疾病” 。例如:
The doctor is treating the patient for a heart disease.
医生正在治疗这个病人的心脏病。
3.作动词,意为 “请客;款待”:常见用法有 “treat sb. to sth.”,表示 “请某人吃 / 喝某物”。
如:I'll treat you to an ice - cream.我请你吃冰淇淋。
4.作名词,意为 “款待;乐事”:例如:
It's a great treat for me to go to the concert.
去听音乐会对我来说是一件乐事。
要点 16. character
character是一个多义词
1.可数名词。 表示(文学、影视作品中的)人物、角色
例句: Who is your favourite character in Star Wars?《星球大战》中你最喜欢的角色是谁?
2. 表示性格、个性。例句:
He has a friendly character.他性格友好。
They are twins but have quite different characters.
他们虽为双胞胎,但性格却相当不同。
常见搭配
a lot of character:有个性 strong character:意志坚强
of good character:品格高尚
It takes a lot of character to be a good leader. 成为一个好的领导者需要很强的个性。
3. 表示(事物的)特色、特点. 例句:
The original furniture is what gives that house character.
原来的家具给那所房子带来了特色
4. 表示文字:是可数名词. 例句:
He writes beautiful characters.他能写一手漂亮的字。
要点 17. be known as
be known as “被称为”或“被认作是”。 “以…而闻名”
1.描述个人的身份或职业:
He is known as a brilliant musician.他被称为一位才华横溢的音乐家。
2.描述地点的名称或特征:
This city is known as the cultural capital of the country.
这座城市被称为该国的文化之都。
3.描述事物的名称或属性:
This dish is known as a local specialty.这道菜是当地的一道特色菜
要点 18 . borrow; lend和keep
borrow是“借进”,即说话人向别人借东西供自己用,常用于borrow sth. from sb. / somewhere结构
意为“从某人/某地借来某物”。例如:
He borrowed a lot of money from the bank. 他从银行借了很多钱。
lend是“借出”,即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用,常用于lend sth. to sb. 或lend sb. sth.结构中,
意为“借给某人某物”。
I don’t like to lend my TV set to Tom. 我不想把电视机借给Tom。
(3) keep 意为“保存”,是延续性动词,borrow是瞬间动词,如果与一段时间连用,要用keep代替borrow。例如:
Can I keep the book a little longer? 我借这本书的时间能长点吗?
要点19. stick
(1)stick作名词,意为“棍,棒,拐杖等”。例如:
The old man has to walk with a walking stick. 那个老人得靠拐杖走路。
(2)stick 作动词,意为“刺;粘贴;卡住”。例如:
The needle stuck her in the hand. 针扎了她的手。
Remember to stick a stamp on envelope. 记住在信封上贴张邮票。
The car was stuck in the mud. 那辆车陷在泥里了。
stick with… 持续;坚持;例如:
Fred stuck with his homework until it was done.
弗雷德继续做他的作业,直到做完为止。
【辨析】stick to sth. 和stick with sth.:
stick to sth. 不放弃或不改变某事物;坚持或维持某事物。例如:
We don’t want to hear your opinion, stick to the facts.
我们不想听你的想法,只讲事实。
stick with sb./ sth. 继续支持某人(某事);保持与某人(某事)的联系。例如:
I’m sticking with my original idea. 我坚持我原来的主张。
要点 20. produce
动词用法:
生产,制造 创作,生育 :例如,
The factory produces 1,000 cars a week.这家工厂每星期生产一千辆轿车
He produced a new play last year.他去年创作了一部新剧。
The cow produced a calf last night.母牛昨晚生了一只小牛
名词用法:
产品:例如,The produce section of the grocery store sells fruits and vegetables.
杂货店的农产品区出售水果和蔬菜
production:名词,表示“生产,作品”,例如,
The production of the play was a huge success.这部剧的演出非常成功。
productive:形容词,表示“多产的,富有成效的”,例如,
The farm is very productive this year.这个农场今年非常高产.
producer:名词,表示“制作人,生产者”,例如,
He is a famous music producer.他是一位著名的音乐制作人.
要点21:allow
allow作为及物动词,意为“允许,准许”,后接动名词做宾语,通常不接不定式,allow doing sth“允许做某事”常用结构如下:
(1)allow doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
(3)allow sb. sth. 让某人拥有某物(尤指钱或时间)
(4)allow + that ... 承认……
要点22:guard
作动词:
及物动词: “保护”“守卫” 也可指 “看守”“控制” 以防内部人外逃等。宾语通常是人,宾语后常接介词 from 表示 “保护某人或某物不受……” 。例如:
Parents should guard their children from danger.父母应该保护孩子免受危险。
与 against 连用表示 “防止”“预防”。例如:
We should guard against catching a cold.我们应该预防感冒。
作名词:
不可数名词:指抽象的 “守卫”“警戒”“警惕” 的行为,引申可作 “防御姿势” 解。例如:The soldiers are on guard all day.(士兵们整天处于警戒状态。)
可数名词:意思是 “卫兵”“哨兵”“警卫人员”,例如:
There are two guards at the gate.门口有两个卫兵
要点 23:fall asleep
fall asleep 入睡; 睡着
比较 go to bed, go to sleep, fall asleep的用法。
1.go to bed”意为 “上床睡觉”,强调动作,例如:
I go to bed at 10 p.m. every day.我每天晚上 10 点上床睡觉。
2.go to sleep 意为 “入睡,睡着”,强调进入睡眠状态的过程,例如:
He lay in bed for a long time but couldn't go to sleep.
他躺在床上很久但无法入睡。
She tried to go to sleep but her mind was too active.
她努力入睡但脑子太活跃。
3.fall asleep 意为 “睡着,入睡”,侧重于指不知不觉地入睡,例如:
She was so tired that she fell asleep quickly. 她太累了,很快就睡着了。
The baby fell asleep in his mother's arms. 宝宝在妈妈怀里睡着了。
【辨析】sleepy, sleep与asleep
sleepy 形容词,意为“困倦的;瞌睡的”,在句中既可做定语,又可做表语
sleep 既可做动词,又可做名词,意为“睡觉;睡眠”
asleep
形容词,意为“睡着的;在睡觉的”,在句中只能做表语,be asleep意为“睡着的”;fall asleep意为“入睡”
He looks sleepy. 他看起来很困倦。
I didn't have a good sleep last night. / I didn't sleep well last night. 我昨晚睡得不好。
Were you asleep or awake when I opened the door?
要点 24:as soon as
As soon as的用法
一经...;立即...;一...就...
as soon as表示一......就,其中的从句通常用一般现在时表示将来时。
这个短语用的比较常用,口语和书面语都可以。它的特点是,在句子中的位置比较灵活,而且可以用于各种时态。例如:
1.指未发生的动作,规律是:主句一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时 如:I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back。
注:有时,为了特意表达刚刚完成某事就如何如何,需要用现在完成时。
如:I will go with you as soon as I have washed my face.
2、指紧接着发生的两个短动作,主从句都用一般过去时
如 He took out his English books as soon as he sat down
不过,我也见过从句和主句都用一般现在时的情况。
如:As soon as he finishes his classwork, he runs out of the class. 他一做完课堂作业,就跑出了教室。
He jumped out of bed as soon as he was called.一听到有人叫他,他立即跳下床来。
要点25 some time
some time意为“一些时间”。
sometimes 频度副词 有时 表示动作发生的不经常性,多与一般现在时连用,它可位于句首、句中或句末,对它提问用how often。
some times 名词短语 几次;几倍 其中time是可数名词,对它提问用how many times。
sometime 副词 某个时候 表示某个不确切或不具体的时间,常用于过去时或将来时,对它提问用when。
some time 名词短语 一段时间 表示"一段时间",句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用how long。
►Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。
►I have read the story some times. 这个故事我读了好几遍。
► I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. 下周的某个时间我要去上海。
► I’ll stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。
要点26 Put out
1.熄灭(火、灯等):如灭火,关灯。
The firefighters put out the fire quickly.
2.发布、发表:比如发布消息、声明。
The company put out a press release yesterday.
Put构成的短语
put off:推迟,延迟
put on:穿上;举办(活动)
put away:收起来,储存
put down:放下;记下;批评
put forward:提出(建议等)
Put up 搭建,张贴
要点27 either
1.either 作限定词:意为 “(两者之中的)任何一个”,后接单数可数名词。例如:
You can park on either side of the street.你可以在街道两边任何一边停车。
2.either 作代词:意为 “(两者之中)任何一个”,单独使用或与 of 连用,of 后接复数名词或代词宾格。例如:Either of the books is interesting.这两本书任何一本都有趣。
3.either 作副词:常用于否定句,放在句末,意为 “也”。例如:
I don't like this movie. My sister doesn't like it either.我不喜欢这部电影。我妹妹也不喜欢。
4.相关短语:
either...or...:意为 “要么…… 要么……;不是…… 就是……”,连接两个并列成分,如并列主语、谓语、宾语等。当连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。例如:
Either you or he has to clean the classroom.要么你要么他得打扫教室。
要点 28 drop
作动词:
1.意为 “落下;掉下”:使落下;投下”:
Be careful not to drop the glass.小心别把玻璃杯掉了。
The pilot dropped the bombs.飞行员投下了炸弹。
2.“降低;减少”:The temperature is dropping.温度在下降。
3.“放弃;停止”:You should drop that bad habit.你应该改掉那个坏习惯。
作名词:
表示 “滴;水珠”:
A drop of rain fell on my nose. 一滴雨落在了我的鼻子上。
drop, fall与sink辨异
(1)drop指物体从一定高度落下。
The fruit dropped from the tree. 果实从树上落下。
(2)fall与drop同义,指突然或猛烈地降落,但fall可指任何下落,同高度或形式无关。
If I fall down, what should I do? 如果我摔倒了,我该怎么办?
(3)sink指在空气或水中垂直下降、下沉。
要点29
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
二者的主要用法如下:
1. a bit 和 a little 在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、 副词及其比较级, 可以换用, 表示“一点儿”。
The speaker spoke up a bit/a little loudly so as to make himself heard more clearly.
演讲者把嗓音提高一点,以便使别人听得清楚。
2.a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
a little可以直接作定语修饰名词, 而a bit则要在后面加of 构成短语才能作定语, 两者都只能修饰不可数名词。
There’s only a little / a bit of food left for lunch.
午餐只剩一点儿食品了
要点30 remember
remember作动词,意为“记得”。与forget意思相反。例如:
Please remember his name. 请记得他的名字。
【拓展】
(1)remember to do sth.表示“记得要做某事”,事情还没有做。例如:
Remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时记得关灯。
(2)remember doing sth.表示“记得曾经做过某事”,事情已经做过了。例如:
He remembered going to Shanghai with his parents when he was five years old.
他记得五岁时曾经和父母去过上海。
要点31 population
population n.人口
对人口数量提问用what或how large 而不能使用how many/much
What’s the population of this city? 这座城市的人口是多少?
(1)population常与定冠词the连用,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
(2) 当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。
(3)The population of+ 某地+ be+ 数词= 某地+has a population of+ 数词
(4) 表示人口的“多”或“少”,不用“much”或“little”,而要用“large”或“small”。
要点 32.power
动词:意为 “驱动;推动,给…动力”。
The engine powers the car. 发动机驱动汽车。
名词:
power n. 能;能量。如:
water power 水力 solar power太阳能
power n.力量、能力或权力
She has the power to influence people.她有影响他人的能力。
He has power over his employees.他对员工有控制权。
【同根词】
(1)powerful adj. 强大的
He is a powerful man. 他是个强人。
(2)powerless adj. 无力量的
I am powerless to stop pollution on my own. 我无力独自阻止污染。
【辨析】power 与 energy
power指力量、功率、电力或权利;energy指精力、能量。
May the Sun bring you new energy. 愿太阳带给你新的能量。
要点 33. Ship
作名词:意为 “船;舰”
The ship is sailing on the sea.这艘船正在海上航行。
Many goods are transported by ship.许多货物通过船只运输。
作动词:表示 “用船运;运输;运送”强调通过船这种交通工具运输货物等,也可指通过其他方式运输。
They will ship the goods to China.他们将把货物运往中国。
The company ships its products all over the world.
这家公司将其产品运往世界各地。
表示 “上市;把…… 推向市场”:常用于商业领域,推出新产品等。
The new model will be shipped next month.这款新模型将于下个月上市。
要点 34. as a result
as a result的意思是 “结果;因此”,在句中作状语,通常用于引出一个事件所导致的结果,它后面一般接句子。
He didn't work hard. As a result, he failed the exam.
他学习不努力,结果考试不及格。
She got up late. As a result, she missed the early bus.
她起床晚了。结果,她错过了早班车。
as a result of:意为 “由于;因为”相当于“thanks to ” “because of”
As a result of the heavy rain, the football match was put off.
由于大雨,足球比赛被推迟了。
As a result of his carelessness, he lost his wallet.
由于他的粗心,他丢了钱包。
make up除了有"编造"的意思外,还有以下含义:
(1)make sb./oneself up意为"给某人/自己化妆 "
She makes herself up every morning.
她每天早上都给自己化妆。
(2)构成,组成
Girl students make up only 40% of the students.
女生仅占(全部)学生的40%。
(3)和好,言归于好
He usually makes up with his wife the same day.
他和他妻子(吵架)通常当天言归于好。
要点 35.make up 编造(故事、谎言等)
make up意为 编造(故事、谎言等),此处 be made up是被动语态,意为"被编造"。
The story is made up. 这个故事是虚构的。
【知识拓展】
要点 36.while
作连词
引导时间状语从句:表示 “当…… 时候”,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生,从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。例如:
While I was reading, my mother was cooking.
我读书的时候,我妈妈在做饭。
表示对比:意为 “然而”,连接两个并列的句子,对比两个不同的情况或动作。例如:
Tom is tall while his brother is short.汤姆很高,然而他的弟弟很矮。
作名词:意为 “一段时间”“一会儿”,常用于短语 “for a while”一会
儿、“after a while” 过了一会儿,等中。例如:
I waited for him for a while. 我等了他一会儿。
He sat quietly for a moment, and after a while, he began to sing.
要点 37.
run out 用完;耗尽。是不及物动词短语,后面不能直接接宾语。通常以物作主语,表示该物被用完、耗尽。例如
Our food is running out. 我们的食物快用完了。
The time is running out. 时间快用完了。
其同义短语有use up,及物动词短语,有被动语态,如
The water has been used up. 水已经被用完了。
run out of:是及物动词短语,后面需要接宾语,通常是人作主语,表示人用完了某物。
I have run out of ink. 我把墨水用完了。
He ran out of money last week. 他上周把钱用完了。
要点38 since的用法
(1)作为连词,还可译为“由于;既然”,引导原因状语从句,表示很明显的原因。
1.The young man hasn’t done much exercise since he got a mobile phone.
年青人自从买手机以来,就不做大量运动了。
2. Since everybody is here, let’s begin the meeting.
既然人都齐了,我们就开会吧。
(2)作为介词,意为“自……以来”,后接时间点作时间状语,常用于现在完成时,可以和“for + 时间段”互换。
I have known him since 10 years ago.自从10年前我就认识他了。
= I have known him for 10 years.我认识他已经有10年了。
(2)作为连词,意为“自……以来”,引导时间状语从句,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。
要点 39. as well
as well 意为“也”,常用于肯定句句末。
【拓展】辨析too, also, as well, either
① as well是副词短语,常位于句末,用于肯定句。
他也会说法语。He can speak French as well.
② also是副词,较正式,常位于be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前,用于肯定句。
她也想去游泳。She also wants to go swimming.
③ too是副词,多用于口语,常位于句末,用于肯定句。
我也是一个初中生。 I’m a junior high school student too.
④ either是副词,位于句末,用于否定句。
他也不喜欢吃鱼。 He doesn’t like eating fish either.
【典例分析】
用too, also, as well或either填空
1. They __________ went to the park last weekend.
2. He didn’t bring his homework to school, __________.
3. She bought some clothes __________.
4. He knows Chinese, and he knows English,___________.
5. If you don’t go, I won’t go ______.
also
either
as well
too
either
要点 40 .power
动词:意为 “驱动;推动,给…动力”。
The engine powers the car. 发动机驱动汽车。
名词:
power n. 能;能量。如:
water power 水力 solar power太阳能
power n.力量、能力或权力
She has the power to influence people.她有影响他人的能力。
He has power over his employees.他对员工有控制权。
【同根词】
(1)powerful adj. 强大的
He is a powerful man. 他是个强人。
(2)powerless adj. 无力量的
I am powerless to stop pollution on my own. 我无力独自阻止污染。
【辨析】power 与 energy
power指力量、功率、电力或权利;energy指精力、能量。
May the Sun bring you new energy. 愿太阳带给你新的能量。
要点41 care for/care about
care v.关心;担忧;照顾;喜爱;在乎 n.小心;注意;照料
(1)care for "照顾,照料"=look after=take care of
(2)care for 还可意为“非常喜欢”,通常用于否定句或疑问句中
I don't care for basketball.
(3)care about “关心;在意”
Your father truly cares about you.
Careful 和careless
careful是形容词,可用在系动词后作表语,也可用在名词前作定语。口语中提醒别人要小心时常用be careful,意为"当心;小心"。
Be careful--the floor's slippery.小心地板很滑。
careless adj.“粗心的;不小心的”,反义词为careful固定搭配
be careful about/of...对.....小心
②be careful to do sth,小心做某事
要点42 until
until意为“直到……”,有下列用法:
(1)作介词,后接时间名词,在句中作时间状语。例如:
She waited there until 9 o’clock. 她在那里一直等到9点钟。
(2)作连词,后接从句,引导时间状语从句。例如:
We waited until the rain stopped. 我们等到雨停了。
【拓展】
(1)until用在肯定句中,多与持续性的动词连用。如stand,wait,stay等,表示主句动作的终止时间。
He stayed there until midnight. 他在那里逗留到深夜。
(2)until可用于否定句中,即not…until…意为“直到……才”,常与非延续性动词连用。如open,start,leave,arrive等,强调主句动作开始的时间。例如:
The child didn’t go to bed until his father came back.
直到父亲回来,那个孩子才睡觉。
要点 43. Instruction
1. instruction
含义:意为 “指示;说明;教导”。
用法:通常为可数名词,常用复数形式 “instructions” 来表示 “使用说明;操作指南”;也可用作不可数名词,表 “教导;指导”。例句:
You should follow the instructions on the packet when you take the medicine.
服药时你要依照药盒上的说明来服用。
The students are under the teacher's instruction.学生们正在接受老师的教导。
2. instruct
含义:作动词,有 “指示;命令;教导;指导” 之意。
用法:常见搭配有 “instruct sb. to do sth.”(指示 / 命令某人做某事);“instruct sb. in sth.”在某方面教导某人。例句:
The boss instructed his secretary to finish the report by the end of the day.
老板指示秘书在当天结束前完成报告。
The professor instructs us in physics.教授教我们物理。
3. instructive
含义:是形容词,指 “有教育意义的;有启发性的”。
用法:常用来修饰事物。例句:
Watching documentaries can be very instructive.观看纪录片很有教育意义。
The book is full of instructive stories.这本书里有很多有启发性的故事。
4. instructor
含义:为名词,指 “指导者;教师;教练”。
用法:用来指从事教导、指导工作的人。例句:
The driving instructor taught me how to park the car.驾驶教练教我如何停车。
Our skiing instructor is very patient.我们的滑雪教练很有耐心。
要点 44. pioneer
作名词
表示 “先驱;开拓者;先锋”,例如:
Yuan Longping is a pioneer in the field of hybrid rice.
袁隆平是杂交水稻领域的先驱。
也可意为 “拓荒者;开发者”,例如:
The pioneers cleared the forests and built their houses.
拓荒者们砍伐森林,建造房屋。
young pioneer 少先队员
space pioneer 太空先驱
作动词
意思是 “开创;倡导;开拓”,例如:
He pioneered a new approach to teaching mathematics.
他开创了一种新的数学教学方法。
“pioneer in” 是常见搭配,表示 “在…… 方面开拓 / 创新”。例如:
The company is pioneering in the field of renewable energy.
这家公司在可再生能源领域开拓创新。
要点 45. award
作名词
表示 “奖;奖品;奖金”,常与动词 “win” “receive” “get” 等搭配。如:
She won the first award in the speech contest.她在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。
The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the most famous awards in the world.
诺贝尔和平奖是世界上最著名的奖项之一。
作动词
意为 “授予;奖励”,常用于 “award sb. sth.” 或 “award sth. to sb.” 结构中,表示把某物授予某人。例如:
The school awarded him a scholarship for his excellent grades.
学校因他成绩优异授予他奖学金。
此外,“award” 还可用于被动语态,如 “sth. be awarded to sb.”。例如:
The gold medal was awarded to the Chinese athlete. 金牌被授予了这位中国运动员。
要点 46. Spend 四朵金花”(高频考题,重点训练)
词汇 用法
spend 主语必须是人,常用于以下结构:
1. spend time/money on sth.
在....上花费时间/金钱
2. spend time/money (in) doing sth.
花费时间/金钱做某事
cost 主语是物或者某种活动,还可以表示“值”,常见用法:“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了(某人)多少钱”
take 后面常跟双宾语,常用于以下结构:
1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay 主语必须是人,常用于以下结构:
1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱(给某人)
2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱
3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱
4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。
一、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It ___________ me about an hour to do my homework every day.
2、I ___________ an hour cleaning my office yesterday.
3、This heavy coat __________ me 500 yuan.
4、I __________ 50 yuan for the dictionary yesterday afternoon.
5、I __________ two hours on this maths problem. At last, I worked it out.
二、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They __________ two years ________ _______ this bridge.
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_______ ________ them three years _______ build this road.
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
______ ______ us thirty minutes ________ _______ from here to the station.
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It took me two hours _______ _________ the composition.
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
_______ ______ 3,000 yuan ________ the mobile phone.
takes
spent
cost
paid
spent
spent in building
It took to
It takes to walk
to finish
I spent on/buying I paid for
要点 47. found
found v. 创立;建立
foundation n. 建立;设立;创办
founder n. 建立者;创始人
found a company 创立公司
found a school 建立学校
He founded the company in 1995.他于1995年创立了这家公司
She founded a charity to help children. 她创立了一个慈善机构来帮助儿童
注意:作为 “find” 的过去式和过去分词found. 表示 “找到;发现;发觉” 等。
I found my lost keys under the sofa.我在沙发下找到了我丢失的钥匙。
要点 48. raise
作动词
表示举起、抬起:例如:He raised his hand to ask a question. 他举手提问。
表示提高、提升:可用于提高价格、水平、声音等抽象或具体的事物。例如:The company plans to raise the salary of its employees. 公司计划提高员工的工资。
表示饲养、养育:用于抚养孩子或饲养动物。例如:
They raise chickens on their farm. 他们在农场养鸡。
表示筹集、募集:常与资金、捐款等搭配。例如:
We are raising money for the poor children. 我们正在为贫困儿童筹款。
表示引发、引起:常指引发讨论、问题、兴趣等。例如:
His speech raised many questions in people's minds.他的演讲在人们心中引发了许多问题
raise money 筹款
raise a family 养家
raise up 举起;抬起
辨析:raise, rise(rise--rose--risen)的区别
(1) 这两个词都有“提高,上升,增加”的意思,但其用法不同。
raise是及物动词,其主语通常是人;而rise是不及物动词,其主语通常是物。例如:
The sun rises and bathes the earth. 太阳升起,普照大地。
(2) raise和rise用于同一事物时含义不同。例如:
The price of TV sets has been raised recently. 最近电视机提价了。(政府或厂家主动行动)
The price of TV sets has risen recently. 最近电视机提价了。(市场调节)
要点 49.
devote yourself to 献身; 致力
The doctor devoted himself to helping poor children.
这位医生致力于帮助贫困儿童
She has devoted herself to protecting wild animals for 10 years.
她投身野生动物保护已经10年了
We should devote ourselves to making our city cleaner.
我们应该致力于让城市更干净
要点 50. contribution
contribution n. 贡献;捐款
contribute v. 捐献;捐助
contributive adj. 有贡献的
make a contribution to doing 做出贡献
contribution to 对……的贡献
financial contribution 财政捐款
with a contribution from sth有某物的贡献
make a contribution to 做出贡献
这里的 “to” 是介词,后面可接人、组织、事业、领域等。
Many scientists have made great contributions to the development of the country.
许多科学家为国家的发展做出了巨大贡献。
He made a generous contribution to the charity.
他向慈善机构进行了慷慨的捐赠。
Volunteers made important contributions to the community project.志愿者们为社区项目做出了重要贡献。
要点 51. inspire
inspire(动词)
表示 “鼓舞;激励;赋予灵感;激发(想法等)”。常见搭配有 “inspire sb. to do sth.”(激励某人做某事),“be inspired by”(被…… 鼓舞 / 启发)。
例句:The teacher inspired her students to pursue their dreams.老师激励她的学生去追求他们的梦想。
He was inspired by the beautiful scenery and wrote a poem.他被美丽的景色所启发,写了一首诗。
inspiration(名词)意为 “灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。
例句:The artist gets his inspiration from nature.这位艺术家从大自然中获得灵感。
She is an inspiration to us all.她是鼓舞我们大家的人。
inspiring(形容词)
表示 “鼓舞人心的;激励的;启发灵感的”,用来形容事物具有激励或启发他人的性质。
例句:We watched an inspiring movie about a man's journey to success.
我们看了一部关于一个人走向成功历程的鼓舞人心的电影。
inspired(形容词)
意为 “受到鼓舞的;有灵感的”,通常用来形容人受到外界因素的影响而产生积极的变化或有了好的想法。
例句:The inspired writer created a wonderful novel.这位受到启发的作家创作了一部精彩的小说。
He gave an inspired performance on the stage.他在舞台上进行了一场富有灵感的表演。
要点 52.
stop doing表示“停止正在做的事情”;
stop to do表示“停下来开始做”的意思。例如:
Now let’s stop reading. 现在咱们停止读书。
Our teacher stopped to look at the boy. 老师停下来看了看那个男孩。
stop ……from doing ……表示“阻止某人做某事或者阻止某事发生”。
The trees and grasses can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
树和草可以阻止风把土吹走。
要点 53.
be able to 表示能力:强调通过努力、学习而具备的能力,用于各种时态。
一般现在时:I am able to speak English fluently.我能够流利地说英语。
一般过去时:He was able to solve the problem by himself yesterday.
他昨天能够自己解决这个问题。
一般将来时:She will be able to drive a car after she gets her license.
她拿到驾照后将能够开车。
现在完成时:They have been able to finish the project ahead of time.
他们已经能够提前完成项目。
can只有一般现在时和一般过去时could两种形式,表达其他时态,需用 be able to。
要点54 interested/interest
interest的用法
(1)作为名词,意为“兴趣;爱好”。其同义词为hobby。
Different people have different interests.
不同的人有着不同的兴趣爱好。
(2)作为及物动词,意为“使感兴趣”,主语通常是人。
The novel interests me a lot.这本小说让我很感兴趣。
(3)拓展:常用于以下固定搭配中
① have/show (great/much) interest in... 意为“对……有着/表现出(浓厚的)兴趣”
The boy showed much interest in science when he was five.
男孩儿五岁时就对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
②with interest 意为“感兴趣地”
The students were watching the little animals with interest.
学生们饶有兴致地看着那些小动物。
③ be interested in (doing) sth. 意为“对(做)某事感兴趣”
Almost everyone is interested in stories.
几乎所有人都对故事感兴趣。
要点 55.
“the beginning of” 表示 “…… 的开始”“…… 的开端”,
The beginning of the year is usually a time for making resolutions.
年初通常是制定决心的时候。
The beginning of the concert was very exciting.音乐会的开场非常激动人心
at the beginning of“在…… 的开始”
At the beginning of the class, the teacher checked the students' attendance.
在上课开始时,老师检查了学生的出勤情况。
At the beginning of December, it usually starts to get very cold.
在 12 月初,天气通常开始变得很冷。
at the beginning“在开始的时候”
At the beginning, I didn't understand what he was talking about.
一开始,我不明白他在说什么。
At the beginning, the project seemed very difficult. 开始时,这个项目看起来非常困难。
要点56.
curious 是形容词,意为 “好奇的;求知欲强的;奇特的”
curiously adv. 好奇地;奇怪地
curiosity n. 好奇心
be curious about 对......好奇
a curious child 好奇的孩子
a curious look 好奇的眼神
be curious to know/hear 想知道……
be curious about 表示 “对…… 感到好奇”。
Children are always curious about the world around them.
孩子们总是对周围的世界感到好奇。
be curious to do sth.意为 “好奇地去做某事;渴望做某事”
He was curious to know what was in the box.
他好奇地想知道盒子里是什么。
out of curiosity
是一个介词短语,意为 “出于好奇”
Out of curiosity, she opened the letter.出于好奇,她打开了那封信。
要点57 achieve
(1) achieve作及物动词,意为“完成,实现”。例如:
You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.
要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
No one can achieve anything without effort. 谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。
(2) achieve作及物动词,意为“达到,赢得”。例如:
The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen. 那位演员十九岁时就成名了。
She achieved no success. 她有没获得成功。
【拓展】
achievement作名词,意为“成就,成绩”。例如:
The invention of the computer is a great achievement. 发明电脑是一大成就。
要点58.
“increase” 既可用作动词,也可用作名词动词用法。表示数量、程度等的增加、增长。
We need to increase production to meet the growing market demand.
我们需要增加产量以满足日益增长的市场需求。
后面不接宾语,强调数量或程度自身的增长变化。
The population is increasing rapidly.人口在迅速增长。
常用搭配
increase by:表示 “增加了……
The company's profits increased by 20% this year.公司今年的利润增长了 20%
increase to:意为 “增加到……”
The temperature increased to 30 degrees Celsius.温度上升到了 30 摄氏度。
名词用法.意为 “增加;增长;提高”,通常用于短语中,如 “an increase in...” 表示 “在…… 方面的增加”。
There has been a significant increase in the number of students applying for this major.申请这个专业的学生人数有了显著增加。
decrease (反)v. 减少;减小
increasing adj. 渐增的;越来越多的
要点 59.
beyond作介词
表示位置:在…… 较远的一边;在…… 之外。
The mountains in the background were beyond the river.
远处的山脉在河的那一边。
表示时间:迟于;超过(某个时间点)。
Don't stay out beyond 10 o'clock at night.晚上不要在外面待到 10 点以后。
表示范围、程度:超出;非…… 所能及。
The problem is beyond my ability.这个问题超出了我的能力范围。
go beyond 超越 beyond control 无法控制
beyond belief 难以置信 beyond question 毫无疑问
beyond expectation超出预期;出乎意料
要点 60.
Review 的基本用法和例句
一、作动词(Verb)
复习;温习
She stayed up late to review for her math exam.她熬夜复习数学考试。
Let’s review the key points from yesterday’s lesson.我们来复习一下昨天课程的重点。
评论;评价
The critic will review the new play in tomorrow’s newspaper.
评论家将在明天的报纸上评论这部新剧。
He reviewed that the restaurant had excellent service.他评价这家餐厅服务极佳。
二、作名词(Noun)
复习;温习 例句:
Let’s do a quick review of the vocabulary before the quiz.小测前我们快速复习一下词汇。
The teacher handed out a review sheet for the final exam.老师发了一张期末考复习表。
评论;评价
I read a positive review of the new smartphone.我读了一篇关于这款新智能手机的正面评价。
The movie received mixed reviews from audiences.这部电影获得了观众褒贬不一的评价。
要点61.
Compare 作动词(Verb)表示 “比较;对比;比作” 。
compare A with B 将 A 与 B 进行比较(强调两者的异同)。
Let’s compare your answer with mine. 我们把你的答案和我的比较一下。
compare A to B 把 A 比作 B(强调两者的相似性,常用于比喻)。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
Her voice is often compared to a bird’s song. 她的声音常被比作鸟鸣。
compared to/with:与…… 相比(常用于句首或句中作状语)。
Compared with last year, our sales have increased by 20%.
与去年相比,我们的销售额增长了 20%。
beyond/without compare:无与伦比的。
Her beauty is beyond compare. 她的美丽无与伦比。
used to
do sth. 过去常常做某事,意思是现在不做了,主语常是人,当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。
I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
be used to
doing sth. 习惯于做某事,主语也通常是人,但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。
He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。
要点62
be used for doing sth. 被用于做某
be used to do sth. 被用于做某事
要点 63. look like
look like 看起来像 .
Lucy looks like Lily. 露西看上去像莉莉 .
look the same 看起来一样
The twins look the same.
look after 照顾
Mary often helps look after her brother.
look at 看着
Look at the white board, please.
look for 寻找
I’m looking for my lost pen.
look out 当心;小心 look up 查寻;查阅;向上看 look up to 向上看;羡慕
look down on/ upon 看不起;轻视 look into 朝…看去;调查 look forward to 期待;盼望
look around 环顾四周 look through 浏览;翻阅;温习
PART 03
Units1-8 重点句式归纳
Unit 1 Useful sentences
1. My grandma used to be a doctor
我奶奶曾经是一名医生。
2. She is kind to everyone and very patient with people and she is always cheerful.
她对每个人都很友善,而且非常有耐心并且总是很开心。
3. She gives them tips on how to stay healthy. 她给他们提供保持健康的小贴士。
4. Grandma takes good care of us. 奶奶把我们照顾的很好。
5. He knows how to keep our attention in class 她知道如何在课堂上吸引我们的注意力。
6. Sometimes he even uses fun games in his teaching. 有时他甚至在教学中使用有趣的游戏。
7. Mr Li is strict about our schoolwork but he gives us lots of support when we need help.
李老师对我们的学业要求很严格,但当我们需要帮助时,他会给我们很多支持。
8. If we cannot work out a difficult maths problem he will encourage us to think about it in a new way. 如果我们解不出一道数学难题,她会鼓励我们换一种新思路去思考。
9. That's why I seldom feel bored in his maths lessons.
这就是我为什么在数学课不感到枯燥的原因。
10. Never give up and you'll be successful. 永不放弃,你们就会成功。
Unit 2 Useful sentences
1. 法国是世界上访问人数最多的国家之一
France is one of the most visited countries in the world
2.法国是一个历史悠久、文化丰富的国家。
France is a beautiful country rich in history and culture
3. 如果你想去参观一些世界著名的百货商店,这是最好的地方。
This is the best place to go if you want to visit some world famous department stores
4.这是夏天度假的完美地方。
It is the perfect place for a summer holiday.
5.它位于法国东南海岸,以其美丽的海滩而闻名。
It lies on France's south-east coast and is famous for its wonderful beaches.
6.法国适合所有人,所以为什么不今年去法国呢?
France has something for everyone, so why not visit France this year?
Unit 3 Useful sentences
1. From the deepest forests to our towns and cities, trees are all around us. We share our world with trees. 从最深的森林到我们的城镇和城市,树木无处不在。我们与树木共享这个世界。
2.They are our silent friends, but we often overlook them.
它们是我们的无声朋友,但我们常常忽视它们。
3.In fact, trees are very important for all living things on earth.
事实上,树木对地球上所有的生物都非常重要。
4.To begin with, forests are a safe place for animals, insects, and plants to live.
首先,森林是动物、昆虫和植物生活的安全场所。
5.Trees make our lives more convenient. 树木使我们的生活更加方便。
6. Trees are very important for all living things on Earth. 树木对地球上所有生物 都非常重要。
7. Trees do so much for us. We can't imagine a world without them.
树木为我们做了很多。我们无法想象没有它们的世界。
8. We are cutting down forests all around the world. 我们正在全球范围内砍伐森林.
9. We need to do more to protect trees and save our planet.
我们需要做更多事去保护树木,拯救我们的星球。
10. Just look around your room. A lot of the furniture is made of wood.
看看你的房间,很多家具都是木头做的。
12. However, humans are not treating trees in a kind way. 然而,人类并没有善待树木。
Unit 4 Useful sentences
1.我双目失明,对我来说独自四处走动很困难。
I'm blind, and it's hard for me to get around by myself.
2.接待员道了歉,然后把约翰和查理领到他们的房间。
The receptionist apologized and led John and Charlie to their room.
3.他们的房间在八楼,所以他们无法从窗户爬出去。
Their room was on the eighth floor, so they couldn't climb out of the window.
4.在查理的帮助下,约翰在门底部放了一些湿衣服。
With Charlie's help, John put some wet clothes along the bottom of the door.
5.这家餐厅不允许带狗,所以我们不能带我们的狗一起。
The restaurant doesn’t allow dogs, so we cannot bring our dog with us.
6.当他找到约翰时,他迅速地帮助他站起来,并试图把他从大楼里弄出来。
When he found John, he quickly helped him get up and tried to get him out of the building.
7.消防车运载水和灭火设备来灭火。
A fire engine carries water and equipment for putting out fires.
8.桌子旁边有一株植物,上面站着两只鹦鹉。
Beside the desk there is a plant with two parrots sitting on it.
9.驯化的故事大约在 15000 到 23000 年前始于亚洲某地。
The story of domestication started somewhere in Asia about 15,000 to 23,000 years ago.
10.它们为人们提供牛奶和肉,并且它们也是优良的役用动物。
They provided people with milk and meat, and they were also good working animals.
Unit 5
1. Du Yun turned the tap off and looked around, but there was no one there.
杜云关了水龙头,四下张望,但并没有人。
2. Do you know where I come from?你知道我来自哪里吗?
3. I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我落入一条河里,最终到了一个水库里。
4. Remember not to waste or pollute me.记得不要浪费或污染我。
5. We need to drink enough water every day to stay healthy.我们每天需要喝足够 的水来保持健康。
6. Water is not only essential for life, but is also important for human society.
水不但对生命至关重要,也对人类社会非常重要。
7. We use water for all kinds of things in everyday life, and we also need it for agriculture and for trade.
我们在日常生活中的各个方面都要使用水,我们在农业和贸易方面也需要水。
8. Water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution. 水在工业革命中扮演了重要角色
9. There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me
那里的人给我清理了身体,并给我加了一些化学物质
10.Most of the human body is water. People can live for several weeks without food, but only for a few days without water.
人体的大部分是水。人们可以在没有食物的情况下存活数周,但在没有水的情况下只能存活几天。
Unit 6
1.What do the pictures have in common?这些图片有什么共同之处?
2.Why do you think electricity is important? 为什么你认为电对我们很重要?
3.Then she gave us a special task to try living without electricity for a weekend.
然后她给了我们一个特别的任务,让我们试着过一个没有电的周末。
4.However, it turned out that it was very hard to live without electricity.然而,事实证明,没有电是很难生活的。
5.Instead, we played video games for a while, but then our tablet ran out of battery.
取而代之的是,我们玩了一会儿电子游戏,但后来我们的平板电脑没电了。
6.Since there wasn't any electricity, some things in the fridge quickly went bad.
因为没有电,冰箱里的一些东西很快就坏了。
7. switch off the lights when you leave home当你离开家时,请关掉那些灯.
8.Read the instructions carefully before you use a new electrical appliance.
在你使用一个新的电器之前,请仔细阅读用法说明。
9.More than 2.2 million homes and businesses joined in.
超过220万家庭和企业加入了这一行列。
10.The same amount of electricity could power thousands of computers or television sets for an hour. 同样的电量可以为数千台电脑或电视机供电一小时。
11.It will be even more fun if you ask your friends, family and classmates to join as well.
如果你邀请你的朋友、家人和同学加入,那会更有趣。
12.We need to make sure that the cables are connected correctly before we turn on the device. 在我们打开设备之前,我们需要确保电缆连接正确。
Unit 7
1.Qian Xuesen was a pioneer in the development of China's aerospace science and technology. 钱学森是中国航天科技发展的先驱。
2.In 1999, he received the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Award.
1999年,他荣获“两弹一星”功勋奖章。
3. He studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and then went to further his education in the USA. 他在上海交通大学学习工程学,然后去美国深造。
4. After that, he spent many years teaching and doing research at universities in the USA.
之后,他在美国的大学里做了多年的教学和研究工作。
5. While in the USA, Qian achieved lots of success and he was a well-respected person in his field. 在美国期间,钱学森取得了许多成就,在他的专业领域倍受尊敬。
6.However, he decided to return to China when he heard of the founding of the People‘s Republic of China. 然而,当他得知中华人民共和国成立时,他决定回国.
7.He was eager to bring his knowledge and skills to his homeland and began planning his return. 他渴望将自己的知识和技能带 回祖国,并开始计划回国。
8.Once home, he worked tirelessly to raise the level of China's science and technology.
一回到祖国,他就不知疲倦地工作,以 提高中国的科学技术水平。
9. His influence is still present today in the Long March rocket programme and other space missions. 他的影响至今仍体现在长征火箭项目 和其他太空任务中。
10. Qian devoted himself to his country, and his great work brought honour and success to China. 钱学森把毕生献给了祖国,他的伟大事业给中国带来了荣誉和成功。
11. If after I die the public feels I have made some contributions during my life, that approval would be the highest praise of all." “如果在我死后,公众 认为我在一生中做出了一些贡献,那么这种认可将是对我最高的赞扬。
12. This means that I jump out of airplanes to stop big fires from spreading in the forest!
这意味着我从飞机上跳下来,以阻止大火在森林中蔓延!
13.Once we land, we race to put out the fire. We use simple tools to clear away dead leaves and trees to stop fires from spreading.
一旦我们着陆,我们就会争先恐后地灭火。我们使用简单的工具清除枯叶和树木,以阻止火灾蔓延。
14. Otherwise, you might hurt yourself when you land. 否则,你着陆时可能会受伤。
Unit 8
1. My dream job is to be a photographer. 我梦想的工作是当摄影师。
2.Look at the hobbies and suggest possible jobs from the list.看看这些爱好并从列表中提出可能的工作.
3.That was the beginning of my lifetime interest. 那是我一生爱好的开始。
4.I used to go outside with my mum on clear nights and look at the sky.
我曾经在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈一起出去看天空。
5.It looked like black velvet with a million diamonds on it.
它看起来像黑色天鹅绒,上面镶着一百万颗钻石。
6.In summer, we saw Vega shine brightly as it got dark. Sometimes we saw stars shooting across the sky.
在夏天,当夜幕降临时,我们看到织女星发出明亮的光芒。有时我们看到星星划过天空。
7.Studying the stars was great fun for me and I was extremely curious about the night sky.
研究星星对我来说很有趣,我对夜空非常好奇。
8.So I read a lot about the topic, and my understanding increased as I grew older.
所以我读了很多关于这个话题的书。随着年龄的增长,我的理解也越来越深。
9..and I teach my audience about the different stars in a lively way.
......我以一种生动的方式向观众讲解不同的星星。
10.My TV programme has lasted more than 50 years,and I am really proud of that!
我的电视节目已经持续播出 50多年了。
11.Actually,you too can turn your interests into your career.
事实上,你也可以把你的兴趣变成你的事业。
12.I never feel bored with dancing. 我从来不会对跳舞感到厌烦。
13.When she was a 16-year-old schoolgirl, Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa.
当她还是个16岁的女学生时,简就梦想着以研究非洲野生动物为职业。
14.Jane gave the chimpanzees human names and compared them to humans.
简给黑猩猩取了人类的名字,并将它们与人类进行比较。
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