专题03 阅读理解之说明文（河南专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期末真题分类汇编（河南专用）

专题03 阅读理解之说明文 Passage1（河南省郑州市巩义市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） World Reading Day is held on April 23rd every year. On this day, we are encouraged to read more books. Reading is like opening a window to different worlds. Around 130 million books have been come out in the human history. A reader will read at most 6,000 books in his life. Most of them won’t be so much fun or very unforgettable. Books are like people. We meet many but only a few touch our hearts. Perhaps we will only remember about 30 books. They will be different for each of us, but they affect (影响) us in similar ways. Books make us show our feelings better. When we see a bird flying in the sky, we have a beautiful feeling, but we may find it hard for us to use words to show our feelings and finally we just say, “That’s so nice.” However, a good writer can describe it wonderfully. He shows us the angle (角度) of the wing, the slow movement of the largest branch (树枝) of a tree and the angle of the mouth in a smile. Great writers build bridges for us in order to communicate with each other. They describe the similar experiences of us, and show us what we can share with each other and how we can help each other. They also help us to feel. By reading a book, we meet someone. Perhaps she is very beautiful, young, smart but dying, and we feel sad about her hurt and the unfairness of the world. Or perhaps she is poor, weak but hard-working, and we find the courage to face the difficulties in life through her story. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By telling a story. 2．How many books will a reader at most read in his life? A．30 books. B．600 books. C．6000 books. D．130 million books. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The bird. B．The feeling. C．The sky. D．The book. 4．Which is TRUE according to this passage? A．A person should read as many books as possible. B．A person should read at least 30 books in his life. C．A person can read many books and remember all of them. D．A person may read lots of books, but he only remembers some of them. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage2（河南省郑州市新郑市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Lots of people in the world take tea as their favorite drink. There are many kinds of tea in the world, such as black tea, green tea, white tea and yellow tea. These kinds of tea grow in different areas. Different people like to drink different tea. And their ways of drinking tea are also different. In China People drink a lot of tea in China. Many people drink it because it tastes very good. Some people think tea is helpful in many ways. It can keep them healthy. In other parts of Asia In Japan, many people like to drink green tea. In Vietnam, people like to drink coffee first. Then they drink tea. In the UK British people also like tea. In the afternoon, they would like to drink black tea. It’s their “tea time”. Most of them like to drink tea with milk and sweet cakes. In the US Many people drink black tea in the US. In the south, people like to drink sweet tea. Sweet tea is cold black tea with sugar in it. China is one of the countries that grow the most tea in the world. India is the same. Japan, Kenya and Indonesia also grow tea. Some tea comes from Sri Lanka. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6．How many kinds of tea does the writer talk about in paragraph 1? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two. 7．What do most Chinese people think of tea? A．It tastes quite different. B．It is better than coffee. C．It is good for health. D．It is the most popular drink. 8．Where do people like to drink coffee before drinking tea? A．In Japan. B．In the US. C．In Sri Lanka. D．In Vietnam. 9．What do most people in the UK like to drink tea with? A．Sugar. B．Ice. C．Juice. D．Milk. 10．Which part of a website may the text be from? A．Sports. B．Stories. C．Culture. D．News. Passage3（河南省郑州市新郑市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） You may be told not to be afraid of anything. Fear is often connected with (与……有关联) weakness, and fear is something we want to avoid (避免). But that’s not all true. Fear can be good for us sometimes. Fear tells us about danger. Without fear, we will not realize we should run away from a tiger or step back from a high place. Researchers said that a healthy fear keeps teenagers away from dangerous people, places and activities. Fear makes us jump, shake and cry. But interestingly, sometimes we make ourselves feel fear on purpose (故意地). Think about scary books and movies, and also the long lines for a scary roller coaster ride. Kerr, a researcher, explained why we like to do so. Fear fills our brains with healthy chemicals (化学物质). These things create feelings of happiness and excite us. Besides, when we’re scared, our bodies produce a chemical which helps us bond with each other. “Watch people walking off a roller coaster, and you’ll see lots of smiles on their faces,” Kerr said. That also explains why schools organize some challenging trips and physical activities to build up students’ team spirit. People experience and deal with fear in different ways. If you get scared easily, don’t worry. Because being scared can help a person manage difficult situations. The fear may come from things like giving a report in front of your class or performing in a school play. It can help you be more confident. Also, if you become more comfortable with the physical experience of fear, you’ll be better able to work through it during the difficult situations. So, learn to love your fear. It only grows when you forget how helpful your fear is. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．What may many people think of fear according to the first paragraph? A．Good. B．Bad. C．Interesting. D．Exciting. 12．Why are scary books and movies helpful for people according to the text? A．Because they tell people how to keep away from fear. B．Because they teach people to be more confident in life. C．Because they help people stay away from dangerous people. D．Because they make brains produce chemicals that excite people. 13．What do the underlined words “bond with” most probably mean in Chinese? A．高度关注 B．建立联系 C．相互交流 D．产生敌意 14．What is the right attitude (态度) to fear according to the text? A．Avoid all the scary situations. B．Experience it as often as possible. C．Consider it as a sign of weakness. D．Enjoy the healthy fear sometimes. 15．What is the text mainly about? A．Ways to experience fear. B．The advantages fear brings us. C．Different ways people deal with fear. D．People’s misunderstandings about fear. Passage4（河南省郑州市金水区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） There are lots of apps (应用软件), games and websites (网站) that can help people in their daily lives. Here are some of them. The app made in Australia can help young people to focus (集中) their minds. It’s free, and gives you exercises to practice for 10 minutes a day. These exercises can help you with your sleep, stress and health. It’s an app made for people with hearing problems. When they are listening to speeches, this app can help turn speeches into texts and show them on the mobile phone. Rewordify. com understand what you read It is a website rather than an app, and it’s for people who are practicing their reading skills. You can put difficult sentences into it, and you will get easier sentences with the same meaning to help you understand them. It’s a fun app that you can relax yourself by coloring pictures. You can use the color you like to color different parts of the picture. When you are trying to make creative pictures, you will not feel so nervous or stressful. Seeing AI is a clever app to help blind people. The app uses a phone’s camera to look at the signs on different things. And it can read out what they say and what they are. People call the app “talking camera” because it can even recognize (辨认出) your friends and say out what people around you are like. 根据材料内容选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 16．How can TEXT HEAR help people with hearing problems? A．By turning speeches into texts. B．By using a phone’s camera. C．By drawing pictures on the phone. D．By reading out the sentences. 17．What can Rewordify. com help people with? A．Listening. B．Speaking. C．Reading. D．Writing. 18．If Mary feels stressful lately, which apps can help her? A．Seeing AI and TEXT HEAR. B．SMILLING MIND and Seeing AI. C．COLORFY and TEXT HEAR. D．SMILLING MIND and COLORFY. 19．What does the underlined word “it”refer to? A．The phone. B．The app. C．The sign. D．The camera. 20．In which website can you probably see the text? A． B． C． D． Passage5（河南省郑州市金水区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Every year, lots of animals around the world go on long journeys called migrations (迁徙). Some need to find food; others are looking for somewhere to breed and raise their young. Migrations can be long and challenging for animals but new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress. In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to breed in Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat, so that they can finish the whole journey. Some birds eat grass shoots that start to grow at the beginning of the season. This kind of food can only be got for a few weeks, and rising temperatures caused by climate (气候) change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too. A team of researchers recently tracked (追踪) 246 birds that were flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They found that the birds have changed their diets (饮食) according to the changing environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the natural wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds (种子) dropped by farmers. The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural living environments disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also said wetlands must be protected, so the birds can get different foods during their long journeys. 21．What does the underlined word “breed” probably mean in the first paragraph? A．Feed animals. B．Keep pets. C．Meet friends. D．Have babies. 22．In which month will the birds living near Lake Poyang fly to Siberia, Russia? A．In January. B．In April. C．In August. D．In October. 23．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．The birds don’t like eating grass. B．Dropped seeds are helpful to birds. C．More and more land is used for farming. D．Natural living environments are disappearing. 24．What may cause less food to eat for the migrating birds? a. The rising temperatures. b. The late arrival of some birds. c. The disappearance of natural wetlands. d. The use of different harvesting ways. A．a,b,c B．a,b,d C．b,c,d D．a,c,d 25．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain the information of the migration. B．To call on people to help the migrating birds. C．To advise people to keep the migrating birds. D．To show the importance of the migrating birds. Passage6（河南省郑州市高新区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Dear students, welcome to “Sunshine Space”. These days we easily feel stressed because we have a lot of work to do. It’s important to know how to manage daily routines and find ways to relax. Here are three ways to help you. Firstly, we should try organizing our things from most important to least important as well as most urgent (紧急的) to least urgent. If some problems are both important and urgent, such as studying for next-day test, do those tasks first. Once those are done, work on things that are important but not urgent, such as preparing for the final exams. From there we can work on problems that are less important but urgent. Organizing our work this way helps a lot in knowing what to do first and not worrying about the rest. Otherwise (否则), we might easily feel unable to deal with so much work to do. Secondly, we can try to fit some exercise into our weekly schedule if we still feel stressed even with the help of the way above. It doesn’t even have to be a big trip to the gym, although that surely helps. It could be something as small as walking around the playground for 10 to 20 minutes.                 Finally, we can try meditation (冥想). Again, this does not need to be anything special. Just set 10—20 minutes with a timer, sit upright close our eyes, and focus only on breathing. If other thoughts come up, don’t worry about them and just leave them alone. By trying these steps, we will be on the way toward feeling relaxed and peaceful.                 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 26．How does the writer suggest we should organize our tasks? a. both important and urgent  b. urgent but not important c. important but not urgent  d. neither important nor urgent A．abcd B．acbd C．dcba D．dbca 27．Which of the following problem is neither important nor urgent? A．Studying for next-day test. B．Preparing for final exams. C．Hanging out with friends. D．Answering the ringing phone. 28．What kind of small things can we do according to the second way? A．Go shopping with friends. B．Exercise in a gym for two hours. C．Take a walk on the playground. D．Go hiking with family members. 29．What should we do when other thoughts come up during the meditation? A．Lie down and set a timer. B．Try to breathe quickly. C．Not pay attention to them. D．Open and close our eyes. 30．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Steps of doing meditation. B．Ways of dealing with stress. C．The importance of doing exercise. D．Ways of managing huge amounts of work. Passage7（河南省郑州市荥阳市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Do you often feel sleepy in class? Maybe you should take your smartphone and tablet (平板电脑) away from your bed at night so that you can have a good night’s sleep. There is a study about sleeping habits. According to the study, smartphones and tablets belong to electronic devices (电子设备). 89 percent of American teenagers have at least one electronic device near their beds. Most of them use their electronic devices before bedtime. They spend too much time playing with electronic devices. Of course they have a poor sleep. When you use electronic devices before going to bed, you are too excited to fall asleep. The electronic devices can release the special blue light. The blue light can make you excited and it can stop you from sleeping. If you don’t sleep well because of using electronic devices, here are some suggestions for you. You should stop looking at electronic devices at least 30 minutes before your bedtime. In this way, your brain (大脑) can slow down and get ready for sleep. You can also count some numbers. Both of them are good ways to help you sleep better. Why not try them? 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 31．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By giving a fact. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By using a saying. 32．What is the main reason why most teenagers have a poor sleep according to the text? A．They spend too much time studying. B．They spend too much time playing with electronic devices. C．They are not tired enough at night. D．They have too many electronic devices. 33．What does the underlined word “release” mean? A．Give up. B．Give out. C．Take up. D．Take out. 34．How many suggestions are given to help people sleep better? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 35．What is the main topic discussed in the text? A．The benefits (益处) of using electronic devices. B．The ways of using smartphones and tablets. C．The importance of having a good night’s sleep. D．The impact (影响) of electronic devices on sleep. Passage8（河南省郑州外国语中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Time flies when you play on your smartphone. But when you get down to the real business of work and study, one hour feels like a year. Why are we so attracted by smartphones but easily bored by studying? It all boils down to something small and hard to see: dopamine (多巴胺). Dopamine is a “pleasure chemical” that makes people feel good. Our brains give it out when we eat yummy food, after we exercise or when we get a prize. Compared with studying, playing on smartphones causes our brains to give out more dopamine. For example, checking your phone for a text leads to a 400 % increase in dopamine. But why? When we visit social media on the phone, we don’t know what we’ll see next, or who will give opinions about things we post (发布). This “magic of maybe”, makes the dopamine system active. We get excited wondering if we have messages from our friends. When our expectations are met, dopamine is given out. And to find more dopamine, we continue checking our phones. Studying doesn’t provide such magic. Without this excitement, we get bored much more easily. Can we do something to change that? According to scientists, apps can become less attractive if we turn off notifications (通知) or change the screen colors to black and white. We can also set time limits (限制) on apps to avoid using them too much. As for studying, you could check your progress daily or weekly and reward (奖励) yourself for it, said Daniel Wong, writer of The Happy Student. You could also search for interesting topics connected with your textbook. Use what you’ve learned to make an influence in the real world. This will make knowledge much more interesting to learn. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 36．According to the article, what are students like when they study? A．They get very attracted. B．They are getting happier. C．They feel time pass more slowly. D．Their brain gives out more dopamine. 37．What might the phrase “boils down to” mean in Paragraph 2? A．works out B．finds out C．leads to D．results from 38．When do people have more dopamine? A．When they know what will happen next. B．When they stay in a familiar environment. C．When their expectations (期望) are met. D．When they sleep in bed. 39．What is Paragraph 4 about? A．It introduces a way to get more messages from our friends. B．It gives an example of spending time happily on social media. C．It describes how scientists discover the way dopamine works. D．It explains why playing on smartphones causes more dopamine. 40．What’s Daniel Wong’s advice on making learning interesting? A．Setting time limits on everything you do. B．Stopping playing on your smartphone. C．Using what you learn from textbooks to do things in real life. D．Reading the interesting part in your textbooks before reading the others. Passage9（河南省开封市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） If you feel stressed at school, what can you do to make yourself happier? Some may listen to some music. Others may get some exercise. A new study found another great way to make students less stressed—playing with dogs. Scientists studied 105 students between the ages of eight and nine. 35 trained dogs and their trainers also took part in the test. They divided (分开) the children into 3 groups. The students in the first group spent 20 minutes with a dog and its trainer. They played with the trained dogs. They did this twice a week for 4 weeks. The second group spent the same amount of time (时长) doing exercise to relax. The last group did neither of these things. During this time, the scientists recorded the students’ cortisol levels (皮质醇水平). The more stressed you feel, the more cortisol you will have in your body. What did the scientists find? Both the second and third groups showed rises in cortisol levels. The first group, however, showed no big increase. And the children in this group had the least cortisol. According to the study, students enjoy playing with dogs, and it helps them become happier. The cortisol levels fall over time this way. And it is good for students’ health. But here comes the next question: Is 20 minutes of playtime with a dog the best amount of time? Scientists are going to find out the answer. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 41．Why does the writer write the first paragraph? A．To lead in the topic. B．To show the difficulties. C．To surprise the readers. D．To show the latest research results. 42．What made the testing results of the three groups different? A．The time. B．The activity. C．The age. D．The place. 43．Which one shows the relationship between students’ stress (x) and cortisol levels(y)? A． B． C． D． 44．What does the underlined word “increase” mean? A．成就 B．风险 C．兴趣 D．增长 45．What may the scientists study next? A．New skills of keeping pets at home. B．More useful ways to deal with stress. C．The amount of time to play with a dog. D．The most proper kind of dog to play with. Passage10（河南省洛阳市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Chinese traditional paper cutting is an art of cutting out pictures from paper with the help of a pair of scissors (剪刀) or a knife. In 2009, the Chinese paper cutting was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) . Paper cutting originated (起源) in China and many people think it began in the 4th century with the invention of paper. But long before that, when paper wasn’t invented, Chinese people already used similar skills to cut on leaves and silk. It reached top during the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, it’s really a long art form that has been practiced in China through many centuries. The subjects of the paper cuttings can be anything, from historical events and fairy tale characters to plants and animals. The paper cuttings are so vivid that they look like real ones. Paper cutting may sound easy, but actually it’s difficult to do well. Modern Chinese artists have never stopped trying in different ways. Li Baofeng is a 54-year-old folk artist. “Traditional paper cuttings are often made with red paper, which seems to be a little boring. So I want to make something new, ” says Li. She has made works in different colors. Through centuries, Chinese paper cutting has also been introduced into many other countries in Asia and Europe. Now more and more people love paper cutting works and buy them as gifts for their friends. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 46．What is not necessary when you do paper cutting according to the passage? A．Knives. B．Pictures. C．Scissors. D．Paper. 47．When did paper cutting reach the top? A．In the 1630s. B．Over 1, 500 years ago. C．In the 4th century. D．During the Qing Dynasty. 48．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “vivid”? A．Beautiful. B．Colorful. C．Lively. D．Rich. 49．What does Li Baofeng do to develop paper cutting? A．She uses new tools instead of scissors. B．She makes paper cutting more colorful. C．She makes paper cutting popular online. D．She uses 3D printing to make paper cutting. 50．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably from? A．Culture. B．Sports. C．Medicine. D．Music. Passage11（河南省平顶山市汝州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Bruce was my good friend. He liked drawing horses. He drew the horses very well, but he always began with the tail (尾巴) . I was surprised because I thought all people began with the head of the horse. In fact, it could not really make any difference whether the painter begins with the head or the tail or the belly (肚子) or the foot of the horse. Most great painters do not follow other people’s rule. They make their own rules. It is the same to writing. The question, “How shall I begin? ” only means that you want to begin with the head instead of beginning with the tail or somewhere else. That is, you are not yet experienced enough to trust (信任) your own powers. When you become more experienced you will never ask the question. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案，并将其标号填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 51．How was the horses Bruce drew? A．Normal. B．Terrible. C．Good. D．Too bad. 52．Why was the writer surprised? A．Because Bruce made his own rule. B．Because Bruce liked drawing the horses. C．Because Bruce began to draw at the head of the horses. D．Because Bruce began to draw at the tail of the horses. 53．People are not yet experienced because ________. A．they always asked questions B．they do not trust their own powers C．they don’t know where to begin D．they want to begin at the head of the horses 54．What will you do when you become more experienced? A．You will begin with the tail. B．You will think of the beginning. C．You will never ask the question. D．You will write the end of the story. 55．What is the best title of the passage? A．Trust your own powers B．How to write a story C．How to draw a horse D．How to write your own books Passage12（河南省安阳市林州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Everyone has their favorite food. Think about your favorite food. Do you wonder why your favorite food tastes so good? The answer is about your tongue and nose. There are some taste buds (味蕾) on your tongue. They give you the sense of taste. How do the taste buds work? In fact, they have many tiny hairs on them. These tiny hairs send messages to your brain about the tastes of different food. In this way, you know whether it is sweet, sour, bitter or salty. A person has about 10,000 taste buds. They keep working all the time when we enjoy our food. The taste buds don’t always stay the same. They are replaced about every two weeks. However, as a person gets older, some of these taste buds don’t get replaced. An older person may only have 5,000 working taste buds. That’s why some food may taste stronger for you than it does for an older person. Besides your tongue, your nose also helps you learn about the taste of food. Sometimes, strong smell can even confuse (混淆) your sense of taste. Try holding an onion under your nose while eating an apple, the apple must taste terrible. So the next time you enjoy salty pizza and sweet ice cream, thank your tongue and your nose. Without them, you won’t have any sense of taste at all. Without the sense of taste, life will be boring! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 56．How do taste buds send messages to our brains according to the passage? A．By using our tongues. B．By using our noses. C．By using the small hairs on them. D．By using our eyes. 57．What do the underlined words “are replaced” mean in Chinese? A．被更新 B．被启动 C．被显示 D．被占领 58．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．An onion can help make the taste of an apple better. B．Most old people have stronger taste buds than the young. C．All the old people’s taste buds will get replaced after some time. D．Young people and old people may have different ideas on the taste of the same food. 59．Which is the proper structure (结构) of the passage? A．①②→③④⑤ B．①②→③→④⑤ C．①→②③→④→⑤ D．①→②③→④⑤ 60．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Our favorite food. B．How we can taste food. C．The use of tongue. D．The different taste of food. Passage13（河南省鹤壁市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） On the morning of April 3, a 7.3-magnitude earthquake (7.3 级地震) hit the sea area near Hualien, Taiwan. As of April 8, the earthquake had killed 13 people and hurt more than 1,140. There had been more than 20 aftershocks (余震) of magnitude 5 or above in Hualien, as of April 10. What to do during an earthquake? Inside: Don’t stand in a doorway. You are safer under a table. Outside: Move away from buildings, trees, and gas lines. In a crowded place: Drop down onto your hands and knees, cover your head and neck, and hold on to something safe. In a theater: Stay in your seat. Protect your head and neck with your arms or any way possible. Earthquake warning People may get warnings (预警) of an earthquake before it arrives. How does this work? There are many seismometers (测震仪) in different areas. When the earth starts shaking, the machines quickly tell how strong it is and then send a warning before the earthquake waves (波) arrive in other areas farther away. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 61．How does the writer begin the text? A．By giving examples. B．By telling a fairy tale. C．By asking questions. D．By making a survey. 62．What should you do when you are outside during an earthquake? A．Stand in the doorway. B．Stay under big trees. C．Search seismometers in the area. D．Move away from buildings. 63．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the passage? A．The seismometer. B．The aftershock. C．The machine. D．The earthquake. 64．Which shows the working process of earthquake warning? ① The earthquake waves (波) arrive in other areas farther away. ② Seismometers send the warning. ③ The earth starts shaking. ④ The machines quickly tell how strong it is. A．②③①④ B．③④①② C．③④②① D．③①②④ 65．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce what an earthquake is. B．To tell us how serious an earthquake is. C．To explain how the earthquake warning works. D．To show us how to keep safe in an earthquake. Passage14（河南省新乡市长垣市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Eating habit is a common topic in our daily life. Healthy eating habit is important to children. It can make them strong and healthy. Do you know that you can help your children develop good eating habits at home? You play an important part in the family environment. The first step is to prepare meals together at home. You can start from discussing your food plans with your children and going shopping together. Remember to give them choices of healthy foods, “What kind of vegetables would you like for dinner today?” Have meals together as often as possible. This means no TVs or mobile phones, just sitting around the table to enjoy the meals. Your children observe your eating habit throughout the meals, so show them you are enjoying the meals. You will set a good example for your children. Of course, if there is a talk during the meals, only choose the relaxing topics. You can also make it easier to choose healthy snacks by keeping fruits and vegetables in the house at all times, and limiting the amount of junk food in your home. Developing healthy eating habit is just like developing any other healthy habits—it requires patience and, of course, a good role model. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 66．Why healthy eating habit is important to children? A．Because it’s a common topic. B．Because it can make children strong and healthy. C．Because it’s simple at home. D．Because it plays an important part in the family environment. 67．If you want to develop your children’s healthy eating habits, you can begin with _____. A．discussing your food plans with your children and going shopping together B．having meals at home C．showing them you are enjoying the meals D．keeping fruits and vegetables in the house 68．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “observe” in Paragraph 3? A．taste B．hear C．watch D．think 69．What topic can you talk during the meals with children? A．Did you pass your English exam? B．I watched a wonderful film today. C．You had a fight with your friend, didn’t you? D．Why do you always lose your workbooks? 70．Who is the article for? A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Doctors. D．Parents. Passage15（河南省新乡市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Do you like embroideries (刺绣)? Do you know what they are? Embroideries are special patterns (图案) on clothes. Wang Rongbi, a member of the Siyin Miao minority, is a famous embroidery designer from Guizhou. The Milan Fashion Week in Milan, Italy showed her works in September, 2023. These beautiful works showed the great embroidery skills of the Miao minority people to the world. When foreign people talk about her works, Wang feels very proud. “Traditional art can be very fashionable,” she said. “Our embroideries have interested people around the world.” Making embroideries and showing them to people are also her way to show her love for the Siyin Miao minority and their culture. “Siyin” means “four seals (印章)” in Chinese. It’s said that in the old times, the Siyin Miao minority kept four seals for the king. Later they were separated (分开) because of war. To recognize (辨别出) each other, the Siyin Miao minority came up with a good idea. They embroidered the shapes of the seals on their clothes as a sign. As time went by, this tradition passed down and developed into the embroideries on clothes. Now Miao minority people still embroider beautiful shapes on their clothes. The shapes usually come from nature and Miao culture. It helps pass down the traditional Chinese culture. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 71．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By giving a suggestion. D．By showing an example. 72．People from all over the world saw Wang’s works in ________ in 2023. A．Guizhou B．Beijing C．Milan D．London 73．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The history of embroideries. B．The future of embroideries. C．The life of Siyin Miao minority. D．The war of Siyin Miao minority. 74．What do we know about embroideries? A．Only Wang Rongbi can make them. B．Foreign people aren’t interested in them. C．They help pass down traditional Chinese culture. D．Miao minority don’t decorate their clothes with them now. 75．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Colorful shapes of embroideries B．Different minorities in China C．Famous design of embroideries D．Embroideries in Chinese culture Passage16（河南省新乡市卫辉市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） “Ching-ching”! Here comes the “bus”! For some kids in Barcelona, Spain, the way they go to school on Friday has become a little different. In September, five children in Eixample, Barcelona, started up a “bike bus” program. Each Friday, they ride their bikes to school with their parents. Each time before doing so, they post their route（路线）online for other people to see. Anyone who wishes to join them can do so. The group has quickly grown to include hundreds of riders. The bike bus begins at about 8 a.m. every Friday and lasts for about 25 minutes. There are a few schools along the route. When students reach their school, they leave the “bus” and park their bikes. Instead of riding only in bike lanes（车道）, the bike bus takes over the whole street. The local police support the program. They ensure the safety of the kids and parents by riding in front of the group and behind it. Before the bike bus program, it wasn’t very safe for kids in Eixample to go to school by bike. The bike lanes are narrow and the traffic is busy. Parents hope that the bike bus program will change people’s ideas about getting around. Biking, they say, is a great form of exercise. It’s also more environment-friendly than driving. 76．“Ching-ching” most likely refers to the sound of ________. A．B． C． D． 77．Where can people learn about the route that the Eixample bike bus is taking? A．In the police office. B．On the Internet. C．In local newspapers. D．On school notice boards. 78．How often does the Eixample bike bus appear? A．Every day. B．Once a week. C．Twice a week. D．Three times a month. 79．What is the local police’s attitude（态度）towards the bike bus program? A．They support the program. B．They are against the program. C．They don’t care about the program. D．Some of them don’t agree the program. 80．Parents hope that the bike bus program will ________. A．make the traffic in Barcelona better B．push the government to widen the bike lanes C．stop all the people in Barcelona from driving D．make people rethink how they can get around Passage17（河南省新乡市名校联考2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this? Mold can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or grey. Mold makes food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat. If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually contains (包含) water. This allows mold to grow easily below its surface. Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it. But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deeply inside this kind of food. According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold to remove it. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is completely covered with mold, you should still throw it away. Most kinds of mold are bad for us. But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many types of cheeses, such as blue cheese. These cheeses are safe to eat and they’re quite delicious as well. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 81．What’s the best way to deal with a moldy tomato? A．To eat it. B．To throw it away. C．To cut off the moldy part. D．To boil it in hot water. 82．Which sentence can best describe mold? A．We can’t see it. B．It grows faster when it is cold. C．It makes the food taste bad. D．It is more possible to grow on hard food. 83．Which part do you need to cut to remove mold on hard food? A．Half of the food. B．About 1.5 cm around and below the mold. C．The surface of the food. D．About 2.5 cm around and below the mold. 84．What do we know about penicillium (青霉菌) according to the passage? A．It tastes quite delicious. B．It can be used to make food. C．It is bad for our health. D．It is more likely to grow on cheese. 85．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A newspaper. B．A sports magazine. C．A science fiction story. D．A movie poster. Passage18（河南省焦作市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） A few close friends walking through the city streets has become popular among young people in China. It is called Citywalk. People would like to have a journey to walk around the city and explore its beauty. Citywalk first appeared in London, England to make tourists travel like locals. A group of people followed a guide, enjoyed the city’s streets, saw buildings up close, and got a deep understanding of the history and culture. At that time, Citywalk emphasized (强调) the importance of heartfelt feeling and a new understanding. But in China, Citywalk emphasizes following the heart and moving at a slower speed. People do not need to have a good plan before they start walking. Unlike walking in the park or in their neighborhood, Citywalk includes discovering old buildings, visiting special shops, having a cup of coffee, trying local food and so on. People take photos, make videos and share their stories online. They tell others where they go and what they find. In this fast-paced world, young people are always working hard and they have little time for local visit. Citywalk helps them have a warmer, more relaxing and slower-paced lifestyle. Whether it’s a busy market, a small shop in a small neighborhood, or a modern city street, they can all make them feel comfortable. Let’s take a walk together and experience the beauty of daily life! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 86．What does the underlined word “explore” mean in the text? A．Search. B．Understand. C．Enjoy. D．Realize. 87．Why do young people like Citywalk in China? A．It helps them find better jobs. B．It gives them more time to work. C．It offers chances for perfect travels. D．It allows them to have a slower lifestyle. 88．What would people do when they join Citywalk in China? A．Walk in their neighborhood. B．Look for some old buildings. C．Walk in some beautiful parks. D．Make a careful plan before walking. 89．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To tell the importance of Citywalk. B．To call on people to experience Citywalk. C．To ask readers to Citywalk in England and China. D．To introduce when Citywalk first appeared to the readers. 90．What is the best title of this text? A．Citywalk for All Ages B．Citywalk Around the World C．Citywalk in the Small Neighborhood D．Citywalk—A Way to Lead a Slow Life Passage19（河南省濮阳市华龙区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Wang Yiou grew up in Beijing. She has long thought cycling was just a way of transportation (交通工具). Her mother used to take her to school by bike. But a bike tour two years ago let her find that cycling is a comfortable way to see the city now. Neither too slow nor too fast, “You can touch, smell, feel and use all your senses during a bike ride,” she said. Nowadays more and more people are cycling in cities in China. According to a report by Mafengwo, a Chinese travel service app, the number of clicks (点击) about cycling went up by 108% during the past three years. Allen Li, a cycling fan, started to cycle because she wanted to try a regular exercise that was not boring. “The best perfume (芳香) we can use to taste our lives is the smell of nature.” Li said, explaining how she fell in love with city cycling. Many cities have built more services for cycling, they help to spread city cycling. For example, Beijing’s first route (路线) for cyclists was built in 2019. It is about 6.5 kilometers long from Huilongguan to Shangdi. By the end of 2022, there were about 12 cycling routes near the city’s rivers. Chengdu has also set up 11 cycling routes called “Tianfu Greenway”. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 91．How does Wang Yiou like cycling now? A．Cycling is getting expensive. B．Cycling is too fast for her. C．Cycling is just a way of transportation. D．Cycling is a good way to see the city. 92．Why does the number of clicks about cycling in Mafengwo go up? A．Because more people ride bicycles to work. B．Because more people are interested in cycling. C．Because more people have time to travel by bike. D．Because more cities have built services for cycling. 93．Where is “Tianfu Greenway”? A．In Chengdu. B．In Shanghai. C．In Hangzhou. D．In Beijing. 94．What can we know from the last paragraph? A．People can ride anywhere in Beijing. B．Allen didn’t think the cycling was boring. C．Beijing is getting more cycling friendly. D．All the cities must build the cycling route. 95．What is the text mainly about? A．Cycling around the world. B．A Chinese travel service app. C．The importance of cycling routes. D．Find the beauty of cities by cycling. Passage20（河南省濮阳市华龙区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） China is a country with a long history and special culture, so the change of clothing has a long history. There are many types of costume in Chinese history, such as cheongsam, Chinese Tang costume and Zhongshan costume. They are very famous and popular in the world. Nowadays more and more people begin to pay attention to another kind of costume — Hanfu. Hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It has a history of more than three thousand years. The Han people regard it as a very important part of their culture. According to the old story, the first person to wear Hanfu was Huangdi. His wife was said to be the first to know how to make silk, of which Hanfu was made. Since the Shang Dynasty, Hanfu has changed with the times. However, it still keeps its own styles. For example, Hanfu doesn’t have buttons (扣子), instead, it has a sash (腰带) for people to keep the clothes closed. And people usually overlap (使重叠) the right side of the clothes with the left side. Now many young Chinese people show great interest in Hanfu. They wear Hanfu on different occasions. Wearing Hanfu is a new fashion around the country as people’s hope for traditional Chinese culture has come back. 96．How many kinds of clothes are mentioned? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 97．The underlined word “it” refers to ________. A．Hanfu B．Chinese C．Han people D．Tang costume 98．Which paragraph shows what the style of Hanfu is? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4. 99．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．It’s a new fashion to wear Hanfu. B．The styles of Hanfu change with times. C．Hanfu was usually made of cotton. D．Old people were interested in silk clothing. 100．What’s the best title for the text? A．Types of Costume B．Young People in Hanfu C．Chinese Culture—Hanfu D．Changes of Chinese Dynasties Passage21（河南省许昌市禹州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas, so people call it the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language. Qomolangma is very famous and it is higher than any other mountain in the world. Its newest height is 8848.86 meters. At the height of 8,000 meters, there is only 30% oxygen (氧气) , so it is dangerous for humans to climb higher. But many climbers want to challenge themselves. As Alan Amette, a mountain climber from America, said “Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself, and lets you find out whether you are strong enough in mind when you want to stop.” It’s a good thing that Qomolangma gives people a chance (机会) to become strong-willed (意志坚强的) when they are trying to achieve their dreams. However, such as water bottles and plastic (塑料的) bags. They cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. Many animals would die after eating the plastic bags, many volunteers from all over the world came to Qomolangma to join in the clean-up activity. A volunteer advised, “Mountain climbing lovers should always take good care of themselves, take good care of Qomolangma.” 101．What is the newest height of Qomolangma?  ________ A．8,000 meters. B．8,844.43 meters. C．8,848.84 meters. D．8,848.86 meters. 102．Why is it dangerous to climb at the height of 8,000 meters?  ________ A．Because there are many wild animals. B．Because it's easy to fall off the mountain. C．Because there is too much plastic pollution. D．Because the oxygen is not enough for people to breathe. 103．According to Alan's words, what will happen to you when you climb mountains?  ________ A．You need to be strong. B．You will be in great danger. C．You'll know better about yourself. D．You will be afraid of climbing mountains. 104．Which of the following is TRUE?  ________ A．Climbers should take good care of Qomolangma. B．Nobody helps with the pollution on Qomolangma. C．Animals cause pollution to Qomolangma. D．There is no pollution on Qomolangma now. 105．What’s the text mainly about?  ________ A．Himalayas. B．Qomolangma. C．Climbers. D．Environment. Passage22（河南省许昌市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） We need to talk a lot with our friends and family to build good relationships(关系)in our life. How can we improve our talking skills? Here are four ways for you to learn. Never speak when the other person is speaking. If you do this, it’s just like saying, “I don’t care what you’re saying. What I have to say is more important.” Don’t finish other people’s words. Studies show that doing this will make people lose interest in talking with you because you’re taking control of the conversation(谈话). Repeat (重复) what the other person said. To show you have really understood someone, say what they have just said before you tell them your idea. △By looking at the other person in the eye, you are showing that you are interested in what they’re saying. This also helps you listen more carefully. 106．In order to improve our talking skills, how many ways are mentioned(提到)in this passage? ________ A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 107．When others are speaking, it’s better to ________. A．say something important B．look at the ground C．listen to them without speaking D．help them finish their words 108．What is the structure(结构)of the text?（Pl＝Paragraph 1…）________ A． B． C． D． 109．Repeating others’ words is a way to ________. A．keep the conversation going B．show your understanding C．show your ideas D．start a new talk 110．We can put ________ in △ in paragraph 5. A．Keep eye contact. B．Know your friends. C．Talk about hobbies. D．Use body language. Passage23（河南省许昌市襄城县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） The elephant is the biggest and strongest animal on land now, but on earth the biggest animal is the blue whale (鲸鱼). They live in the oceans around the world. Most blue whales can live for more than 80 years. But now, sadly, many whales are dying from one thing: plastic (塑料). Human beings use too much plastic. People are polluting the oceans. When you throw plastic away, it doesn’t just disappear. Over 90 percent of the world’s plastic doesn’t get recycled (循环). A lot of plastic ends up in the ocean. Most of the whales do not know the danger of plastic. They think it is food. But in fact, plastic is poisonous (有毒的). Last year, a whale died with 40 kilograms of plastic in his stomach. Worse still, whales can easily become entangled (缠住) in plastic in the ocean, such as waste fishing net s and rubbish. They can cause hurt. Whales have to spend lots of energy swimming with those heavy loads (负载). It’s important for us to protect blue whales. Please stop using too much plastic! Maybe one plastic bag or one coffee cup won’t make a big difference. However, when all the people all over the world start to use a little less plastic, it will make a huge difference to whales and, one day, to humans as well! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 111．A blue whale usually can live to be more than _______ years old. A．40 B．60 C．80 D．100 112．Many blue whales have plastic in their stomachs because _______. A．plastic is tasty B．plastic is poisonous C．they think it is food D．they know the danger of plastic 113．Human beings’ use of plastic does not _______. A．hurt sea animals B．pollute the sea C．lead to the deaths of many sea animals D．provide sea animals with more food 114．The writer hopes human beings _______. A．use a little less plastic B．learn more about blue whales C．get close to blue whales D．say no to whale meat 115．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．Blue whales are the biggest animals on earth. B．Over Ninety percent of the world’s plastic gets recycled. C．Sea animals may become caught in waste fishing nets. D．Human beings should stop using too much plastic. Passage24（河南省许昌市长葛市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Did you hear of ChatGPT? It is a language model chatbot (聊天机器人). It appeared in November, 2022. To people’s surprise, the number of its users (使用者) grew to more than one million just in one week! ChatGPT can write stories, songs and poems, translate (翻译) languages, and answer all kinds of questions. “It shocked the world,” computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang says, “people began to be afraid of losing their jobs.” However, with the wide use of ChatGPT, people have found one big problem — ChatGPT sometimes makes mistakes or even gives fake information. This means that ChatGPT can collect all kinds of information but it can’t tell what is true. As a result, thousands of scientific journals like science newspapers have banned (禁止) writers from using ChatGPT, worrying that the fake information from it will cause junk science. And according to the science news website Futurism, 89% of US college (大学) students used ChatGPT for their homework. “With it, they don’t need to think by themselves,” a teacher said. Seeing the harm on students’ learning, many schools have banned students from using ChatGPT. Should people use ChatGPT for scientific study or school homework? Yin Peixin, a student from Hubei says, “ChatGPT can help us learn and study better, but I don’t think we should depend on it too much, or we’ll learn nothing. And the robot doesn’t have any new or creative (创造性的) ideas. It’s necessary for us to keep learning and never stop exploring the world around us.” 116．Which picture can show the growth (增长) of the number of ChatGPT’s users in one week? A．B． C． D． 117．According to the passage, ChatGPT can ___________. ①draw pictures        ②translate languages    ③write stories ④cook fried rice        ⑤answer all kinds of questions A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③⑤ D．①③⑤ 118．What does the underlined word “fake” mean in Chinese? A．虚假的 B．真实的 C．过时的 D．危险的 119．Many schools banned using ChatGPT, because ___________. A．too many college students use it to find their jobs B．students use it to finish homework without thinking C．students can’t find any new or creative ideas from it D．students get wrong or even fake information from it 120．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The uses of ChatGPT in homework. B．The good sides and bad sides of ChatGPT. C．Teachers’ different ideas about ChatGPT. D．The ban on ChatGPT in science. Passage25（河南省漯河市临颍县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Miss Xin looks like an ancient (古代的) beauty from somewhere hundreds of years ago. She is wearing Hanfu or Han clothing. It was traditional Chinese clothing before Qing Dynasty (朝代). Hanfu has been the dress on important Chinese holidays such as the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival. But these days, Hanfu has become popular again thanks to (由于) the historical shows. It has stepped on the world stage. It has even found its way to the New York and Paris Fashion Week. Hanfu is one of the most important symbols of Chinese national culture. Today on the streets of big cities in China, you will see many girls in this beautiful dress. “Nowadays, more and more people are fascinated with wearing Hanfu as if it were their everyday clothing,” says Miss Xin. Experts (专家) say we should hold a national Hanfu Day. Now there have already been Hanfu festivals all over China. Miss Xin is happy to join in the festivals. Last October, she took part in Beijing Hanfu Festival. And in May, she joined in Chongqing’s first Hanfu festival. To Miss Xin, Hanfu is more than just a style of dress, but a way of life. “I think Hanfu has a special beauty. When I am wearing it, I feel I’ve returned to an ancient dynasty,” she says. “Whenever I put on Hanfu, I’ll have an elegant (优雅的) feeling.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 121．When did people dress in Hanfu in the past? A．After Qing Dynasty. B．When they fought in the war. C．On important Chinese holidays. D．When they did housework at home. 122．What does the underlined word “fascinated” mean in Paragraph 3? A．着迷 B．宠溺 C．无视 D．厌倦 123．How many Hanfu festivals has Miss Xin joined in? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 124．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Miss Xin can return to the ancient times when she wears Hanfu. B．Hanfu has never appeared in the New York and Paris Fashion Week. C．Hanfu has become popular again because of some historical shows. D．We’ll see few girls in Hanfu on the streets of big cities in China. 125．What’s the best title for the text? A．Chinese culture B．Hanfu festivals in China C．Miss Xin,a traditional girl D．Hanfu, more than a clothing style Passage26（河南省漯河市舞阳县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Living things live in any environment where they can meet their needs. A living thing’s environment includes all the living and nonliving things in a place. They can get what they need from their environment. Their parts can also help them get what they need. Most plants need the same things to live. They need water, light, food and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). There are carbon dioxide in the air. They must get all these things in their environment. Most plants have roots, stems and leaves. Each part of a plant helps it to live. Roots get water and food from the ground, Stems carry food and water through the plant. Leaves get sunlight and carbon dioxide. Animals also need many different things to live. They need water, food for energy, and oxygen (氧气) from the air or water. An animal’s body parts help it to live in its environment. Legs or wings (翅膀) help it move. Teeth or beaks (鸟嘴) help it eat. Many animals have lungs to get oxygen from the air. Fish use gills (腮) to get oxygen from water. Other animal parts help keep them safe. They might also use their parts to help build homes. For example, birds use their beaks to build their homes. That’s how plants and animals get what they need. It’s true that there is a close relationship (关系) between living things and their environment. Plants and animals are great. They all have their own way to get what they need. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 126．What can help most animals live in their environment? A．Water. B．Food. C．Their body. D．Legs or wings. 127．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the second paragraph? A．Most things. B．Most plants. C．Most leaves. D．Most animals. 128．What functions (功能) do the birds’ beaks have according to the third paragraph?  　   　 a. eating food b. flying c. building homes d. breathing air A．a；c B．a；d C．b；c D．b；d 129．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 130．What does the text mainly talk about? A．How plants grow. B．How animals use their body parts. C．How important the environment is. D．How plants and animals get what they need. Passage27（河南省南阳市邓州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） What type of shark is the slowest? The slowest shark in the world is the Greenland shark. It lives in very cold waters near the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean. In these icy waters, the Greenland shark swims only about one mile per hour. That is slower than many human swimmers! The fastest shark, the shortfin mako shark, can swim up to 45 miles per hour. Why is the Greenland shark so slow? Scientists think that it all has to do with their cold water home. When fish are in cold water, their bodies slow down. Their bodies become cold and their muscles (肌肉) cannot work as well. They cannot move as fast as they can in warm water. Human beings do not experience this because our bodies stay warm even in cold weather. The Greenland shark is also the one that lives the longest. In fact, Greenland sharks don’t even become full adults until they are about 150 years old! Scientists have learned that they live about 500 years. How can Greenland sharks live so long? These sharks eat small amounts (数量) of food for their size. A Greenland shark weighing 500 pounds would need less than 7 ounces every day! That is less than half a pound of food. They need small amounts of food because they use up energy very slowly. The way we use up energy from food is called metabolism (新陈代谢). Greenland sharks have a very slow metabolism. Animals with slow metabolisms usually live longer. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 131．How does the writer lead into the topic? A．By giving a saying. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By sending a message. 132．Why does the writer mention the fastest shark in Paragraph 1? A．To show how slow the Greenland shark is. B．To introduce the fastest shark. C．To make the passage more interesting. D．To show different kinds of sharks. 133．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Where the Greenland shark lives. B．When the Greenland sharks become adults. C．Why the Greenland shark is the slowest. D．Why the Greenland shark lives the longest. 134．What is the theme of this text? A．Nature. B．Culture. C．Education. D．Sports. 135．What may be the best title? A．The Cold Weather in the Arctic Ocean B．The Speed of the Greenland Shark C．The Oldest and Longest Shark D．The Slowest and the Most Long-lived Shark Passage28（河南省南阳市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） In many countries, there are traditional clothes that people wear for special occasions. The UK has four different parts—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Each part has its own special traditional clothes. In some traditional activities in Scotland, Kilts (短褶裙) worn by men are still popular. And small bags are popular with Scottish men because they’re easy to carry money and personal things. Scottish women wear a tartan (格子呢) skirt with a blouse. In Wales, many women wear a long dress during special festivals. And they wear tall and black hats. Welsh men haven’t got special clothes for festivals and they often wear old-fashioned trousers. In Northern Ireland, traditional Irish step dancing is popular. For their performances (表演), women and girls usually wear a short dress so that they can kick up their feet quickly and easily. Men and boys usually wear simple clothes to dance, such as black trousers, shirts and colorful jackets. There are also some special clothing styles in different areas of England. For example, in the north of England, flat caps (平顶帽) are popular among men. In the south of England, straw hats are popular among women, especially during the summer months. They are often decorated (装饰) with flowers. In a word, the UK has rich traditional clothing styles, and each of them has its own special history and culture meaning. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 136．Why do Scottish men like to carry small bags? A．Because they match with clothes. B．Because they are simple and beautiful. C．Because they can help kick up people's feet quickly. D．Because they help people to carry money and personal things. 137．Where do women and girls usually wear short dresses according to the text? A．In England. B．In Scotland. C．In Northern Ireland. D．In Wales. 138．Match the information according to the text. a. Scottish men                         ①Flat caps b. Men in Northern Ireland        ②Kilts c. Men in the north of England     ③Black trousers A．a———②;b——③;c————① B．a——②;b——①;c——③ C．a——③;b——②;c——① D．a——①;b——③;c——② 139．What does the underlined word “they” refer to (指代)? A．Men. B．Women. C．Straw hats. D．Flat caps. 140．What’s the best title for the text? A．Traditional activities in Scotland B．Traditional clothes in the UK C．Different clothes for different occasions D．History and culture of the UK Passage29（河南省南阳市桐柏县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Almost every Chinese person can recite the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work (谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).” But sadly, many of us don’t actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste food. A CCTV program, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Program, there were 828 million hungry people around the world in 2023, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year. Chinese people are well known for being hospitable (好客的) and generous (慷慨的). Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table. Fortunately, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. Last November, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, got fired (开除) because she took some left over food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and agreed that it was not right to waste food. What should we do in our daily life to waste less food? Here are some tips: a. Do not order (点) too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest ofit home. b. Don’ be too picky (挑剔的) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it. c. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit. d. Don’t leave any food in your bowls while you finish having meals. 141．According to News One Plus One, Chinese people ________. A．save enough food to feed 200 million people for a year B．throw away lots of food every year C．get enough food to feed millions of people every year D．have to feed 200 million hungry people every year 142．From the third paragraph, we know that ________. A．we have too much food to feed people in the world B．there were 828 million people in developing countries C．because of hunger, six million children die every year D．there are only a few people getting hungry every year 143．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “left over” in Chinese? A．美味的 B．吃剩的 C．遗留的 D．不受人喜欢的 144．What should we do to save food in our daily life? A．Eat some food that your body needs although it doesn’t taste great. B．We should order much food in a restaurant to show we are hospitable and generous. C．We should only keep an eye on the food we like. D．We should not eat vegetables and fruit. 145．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Eat all the food you order. B．Leave some food in your bowls while finishing meals. C．Don’t be picky about food. D．Don’t waste food. Passage30（河南省南阳市内乡县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Qingming Festival (Tomb Sweeping Day) is a traditional Chinese festival for families to pay respect（尊敬） to their ancestors. People visit their ancestors’ grave sites and offer food, drinks and flowers. The festival falls on April the fourth this year. There are some Chinese poems that offer clues to Chinese history and culture through ancient expressions. Here we look at one of the classic poems in the history of Chinese literature: In China, around the time of Qingming Festival, there is more rain. The poet is traveling far away from home on these rainy days. The rain and lonely walks lead to the separation of the soul and body, which adds a sad mood to this poem.The writer, Du Mu describes a rainy scene in a village in the first two lines. Then in the last two lines, the poet wants to find a place to take a rest, drink some wine（酒） and get rid of the sad mood. Where can I find a good tavern? In the last line, a cowherd points to a direction, which vividly depicts（生动描绘） two people looking far ahead on the rainy day. Mourning DayDrizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day,The mourner's heart is going to break on his way. Where can a wineshop be found to drown his sad hours? A cowherd points to a cot amid apricot flowers. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong, Chinese translator) In this poem, Du Mu presents a village with apricot flowers around as the direction of the tavern. He doesn’t describe its details on a rainy day but leaves it to the readers’ imagination. Qingming is not only a sad festival, but can also be a happy time for people to enjoy the spring and get closer to nature in an outing. Trees are green and flowers are blooming, so it’s a good time to be outside. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 146．The Chinese title of this poem is ________. A．《清明》 B．《咏柳》 C．《春望》 D．《秋思》 147．The weather on Qingming Festival is always ________. A．snowy B．windy C．cold D．rainy 148．The writer wants to find a place to ________. A．make friends B．eat some food C．drink some wine D．buy a raincoat 149．A cowherd may means ________. A．a boy sits on the cow B．a place where the cow lives C．a person who herds the cow D．a place where the cow eats grass 150．We can ________ on Qingming Festival according to the writer. A．offer food, drinks and flowers to old people B．pay respect to our ancestors and enjoy the spring C．feel sad all day and drink some wine with family D．find a beautiful place with a lot of flowers around Passage31（河南省商丘市永城市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Do you know what Oxfam is? It is the short form for the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief. It is an international organization to help the poor all over the world. Oxfam was started in 1942 in England during World War Ⅱ to provide relief for war victims (受害者) in Europe. When the war was over, Oxfam continued its work, sending materials and money to the poor all around Europe. Twenty-eight years later, a group of volunteers founded (成立) Oxfam America. It first came out in Washington, DC, and then in 1973 Oxfam America moved to Boston. In England, Oxfam organizes many charity activities every year to raise money. It also runs many charity shops. The shops receive things donated by people and sell them to those who need them. The money from the sales will be used to help the homeless and the poor in different parts of the world. Oxfam Hong Kong is a member of Oxfam International. It helps poor people regardless of (不顾) race, sex (性别), religion or politics. Every year Oxfam Hong Kong organizes Oxfam trailwalkers (乐施毅行者) to collect money for the poor in Hong Kong and some other areas in the world. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 151．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving numbers.B．By telling a story.C．By showing a picture. D．By asking a question. 152．What is Oxfam? A．An international hospital. B．A tool of raising money. C．An international organization. D．A member of a charity. 153．Where did Oxfam America come out first? A．In Boston. B．In Washington, DC．C．In New York. D．In Chicago. 154．How did the charity shops help the homeless and the poor? A．By selling all kinds of new things. B．By recycling some old bottles. C．By selling something donated by people. D．By reducing the cost of the charity shops. 155．What’s the structure of the text? A．①/②③④ B．①②③/④ C．①②/③④ D．①/②③/④ Passage32（河南省商丘市虞城县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Have you ever heard of Yongchuan in Chongqing? It’s in the eastern part of Chongqing. Many people didn’t know it well in the past. However, it’s getting popular these days. Yongchuan has been the first to offer a fully driverless taxi service in China. There’re many pickup stations near schools, hospitals, communities (社区) and office buildings. People can call a driverless taxi by placing an order on their smartphones and then wait at the nearest pickup station. In a few minutes, a white car will stop at the station. There’s a screen on the car window. People need to enter (输入) the last four numbers of their mobile phones on the screen to get into the car. Yongchuan is famous for not only its driverless taxi but also its ancient town Songji. It’s in the south of Yongchuan. The government there has repaired the old buildings and roads. Also, it has worked hard to preserve the historical and cultural heritage (遗产) to make sure it’s in good condition. Wang Peng, an old pingshu (storytelling) artist, has always tried to make Songji famous. He works as a pingshu artist in a teahouse and has lived in Songji for over 40 years. He always introduces Songji first before telling a story. He hopes tourists can get to know the town better. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 156．What do we know about Yongchuan? A．It’s in the north of Chongqing. B．It’s the most popular place in Chongqing. C．People can enjoy a fully driverless taxi service there. D．The government will build more pickup stations there. 157．What’s the third paragraph mainly about? A．How people take a driverless taxi. B．What people think of the driverless taxi. C．Why people choose to take the driverless taxi. D．How a driverless taxi is different from other taxis. 158．What does the underlined word “preserve” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Accept. B．Record. C．Improve. D．Protect. 159．What can we learn from the text? A．There’s only driverless taxi service in Yongchuan. B．Passengers can wait for a driverless taxi at their workplace. C．Wang Peng mainly tells pingshu in the ancient town Songji. D．Wang Peng always tells a story before introducing Songji. 160．What’s the best title for the text? A．A famous pingshu artist B．Yongchuan—a great place to visit C．A wonderful tour in Songji D．Great changes in Yongchuan Passage33（河南省商丘市柘城县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） The Forbidden City can always take its visitors’ breath away. This year, the world’s largest wooden palace is more than 600 years old! Do you know who made it? In 1406, when the Ming Yongle Emperor decided to move the country’s capital from Nanjing to Beijing, he started to build a palace in Beijing. It took about a million workers 14 years to finish it. Materials like Nanmu and stones were sent from all over China to Beijing. Nanmu, the most valuable Chinese wood, was used to make huge wooden pillars (柱子). People could only find it deep in forests over 1,800 km away from Beijing. Workers had to float the wood on rivers all the way north to Beijing. Stones were also transported to the palace. The heaviest stone in the Forbidden City is about 250 tons. It was so heavy that people could only move it during winter. They poured water onto the road to create ice. Then thousands of workers pulled the stone on the ice to the palace. As one of China’s largest palaces, the Forbidden City is a must-see for all visitors. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 161．When did the workers finish building the palace? A．In 1406. B．In 1410. C．In 1416. D．In 1420. 162．What does the underlined word “Materials” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．木头 B．石头 C．材料 D．建筑 163．Why did the workers move the stones to Beijing in winter? A．Because the workers could find heavy stones easily in winter. B．Because icy roads helped them move the stones. C．Because stones became much smaller and lighter in winter. D．Because the Yongle Emperor asked them to move them in winter. 164．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The workers were so happy to build the palace. B．The palace is famous for the heavy stones. C．Winter is the best season to visit the palace. D．It was difficult to build the palace at that time. 165．Where can we possibly read the passage? A．In a travel guide. B．In a history textbook. C．In a geographic magazine. D．In a storybook. Passage34（河南省商丘市虞城县春来学校2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Einstein said, “The biggest difference between people is how they spend their spare time. Control(控制)your spare time, and you control your life!” In order to learn about how students spend their spare time after school, NO.12 Junior High School did a survey among 1,000 students and here is the result. After getting the result, the school teachers and some parents get much more worries about the teenagers’ study, for most students waste their spare time on computer games. Meanwhile (与此同时) , only about 110 students choose to kill time by reading. That really shocked the school headmaster. He is always thinking about helping the students develop reading habits, so he made a decision to put “reading” into their daily schedule(日程). As for playing sports, about 20% students like to exercise outside better than stay at home or go to after-school classes. According to the survey, the ones who go to after-school classes actually don’t top the list(名列前茅). Instead, those who enjoy reading and doing sports normally get much better grades. The percentage of helping with housework reminded the school to call on the parents not to do too much for their kids. Taking responsibility(负责)for the family is a great way to develop independence. 根据短文和图表内容，选择最佳答案。 166．From Einstein’s words, we can know that________. A．people are surely different from each other B．people have a lot of spare time to spend in the whole life C．whether a person can succeed or not depends on how much time he spends D．whether a person can succeed or not depends on how he controls his spare time 167．About ________ students in the survey choose to play computer games in their spare time. A．336 B．330 C．369 D．240 168．What is the school headmaster going to do to help students develop reading habits? A．He will buy lots of books for students. B．He will set up a daily schedule for students. C．He will ask the students to go to the library often. D．He will advise teachers to read together with students. 169．About ________ of students in the survey help with housework at home. A．80% B．28% C．20% D．11% 170．From the passage, we can know the RIGHT information is ________. A．playing sports is the most popular after-school activity B．the students who enjoy reading and playing sports must study best of all C．playing computer games is seen by the parents as a good way to kill time D．being responsible for the family is a good way for students to develop independence Passage35（河南省商丘市虞城县春来学校2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Humans have many ways to say “hi” and “bye”. It’s a way to be polite. But did you know that apes (大猩猩) also do this? According to a new study, we have found this kind of behavior (行为) in animals for the first time. Many animals greet each other, but they don't say “goodbye” like apes do. Scientists studied over 1,200 apes. Of course, they don’t say“What’s up?”like we do. They use body language. For example, they will touch each other or hold hands. They might also butt (顶) heads or just look at each other. They do these things both before and after they spend time together. These greetings will be shorter if the apes already know each other. Humans do this too. Scientists say that the common ancestors (共同祖先) of apes and humans might have done this as well. Then they passed down the habit to both of us. Apes can do many things just like us. Here’s a list of some their “Human” behaviors. ①Make tools to help them finish tasks ②Eat junk food when they’re unhappy ③Recognize faces ④Beg for food ⑤Laugh out loud. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 171．What does the new study show? A．Apes say “hi” and “bye” like humans. B．Animals don’t greet each other. C．Animal behavior is hard to study. D．Apes enjoy saying “goodbye” to other animals. 172．Why do some apes use shorter greetings? A．Because they don't like each other. B．Because they want to save time. C．Because they are lazy sometimes. D．Because they already know each other. 173．Apes can do many things just like us because __________. A．apes like to make friends with humans B．greetings are important to animals C．apes and humans have the common ancestors D．humans learned to greet each other from apes 174．From this passage, we can infer __________. A．apes can make stone knives to cut things B．apes will eat junk food when they are happy C．apes can ask for food when they are hungry D．apes will laugh out loud when they are happy 175．Where may you see this passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a textbook. C．In a science book. D．In a guide book. Passage36（河南省商丘市夏邑县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Last year, a primary school in Jiangxi Province made a decision. It would no longer prepare meals in its own kitchen. Instead, it would serve its students pre-made (预制的) food. The move quickly became a hot topic across the country. Many parents said that they were worried about food safety. Some of them even sent homemade meals to school at lunchtime every day. The Ministry of Education (教育部) warns (告诫) against introducing pre-made meals to schools. That’s mainly because there are not yet any national standards for such food. The market for pre-made meals has been developing quickly over the past few years. In 2022, there were more than 60,000 related companies (公司) in China. And the number is still growing. By 2026, the market will have reached more than one trillion yuan. What has made pre-made meals so popular? They have many advantages. They’re quick and convenient to prepare. They also have a long shelf life (保存期). However, parents’ worries are not without reason. Pre-made food may be acceptable sometimes, but few people eat it every day. Naturally, parents don’t want their children to do so, either. In fact, pre-made meals are all prepared by central kitchens. They’re not always unhealthy compared with freshly cooked food. The problem is how to make sure these companies follow all the hygiene (卫生) rules when they cook and store food. For now, the pre-made food industry still has a long way to go. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 176．The writer started this passage by ________. A．listing numbers B．asking a question C．giving an example D．showing different opinions 177．Why is the Ministry of Education against pre-made meals? A．Because it thinks that pre-made food is not safe. B．Because pre-made meals are too expensive. C．Because no national standards are set for pre-made food. D．Because pre-made meals are not so healthy as homemade meals. 178．What do parents think of pre-made meals according to Paragraph 3? A．Quick and convenient. B．Tasty and healthy. C．Tasteless and unsafe. D．Worrying and unacceptable. 179．What is the future of pre-made meals? A．It has a long way to go. B．It won’t be popular in the future. C．All the parents will accept the pre-made meals. D．The Ministry of Education will accept the pre-made meals. 180．Where is the passage most likely from? A．A science magazine. B．A newspaper. C．A health report. D．A cookbook. Passage37（河南省信阳市息县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） We have physical reactions (反应) to our feelings. There’s a special part of your brain that reacts to anger. When you are angry, your body makes things like adrenaline (肾上腺素) that give you more energy and make you strong. Blood moves in your body. Your body is getting ready to fight or run. Your blood pressure and temperature go up. You breathe faster, and your heart beats faster, too. Even your eyes change! You can’t control these changes because they appear from your body naturally, but you can change the way you react to them. Some people say you should count to ten when you are angry. That will give you time to calm down. Good advice! What about happiness? Happiness happens in the brain, too. There are two important things that make you feel happy: dopamine (多巴胺) and oxytocin (催产素). Dopamine gives you the feeling you get when you are proud of something, like when you win a game. Dopamine makes you feel great! Oxytocin is the reason we feel good when we hug (拥抱). It’s really important for new babies to have skin-to-skin (皮肤) touches with their moms and dads, because it increases their oxytocin. Everyone has difficult feelings sometimes. It is OK to have these feelings. But what can you do when you are angry, sad, or scared? Here are some suggestions: ◆Write about your feelings. ◆Talk to someone, like a parent, a teacher, or a friend. ◆Run around or kick a ball really hard. You can even do a crazy dance! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 181．How does the writer describe the physical reactions to our feelings? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By showing the facts. D．By telling the stories. 182．What could help you calm down when you are angry according to this text? A．Counting to ten. B．Playing a game. C．Closing your eyes. D．Eating delicious food. 183．Which question is Paragraph 3 trying to answer? A．What is happiness? B．Who can feel happy? C．What makes you happy? D．Where do you feel happy? 184．What’s the function of the last paragraph? A．To tell us it is common to meet difficulties. B．To list the importance of good feelings. C．To give some ways of dealing with bad feelings. D．To show different kinds of bad feelings. 185．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Nature. D．Culture. Passage38（河南省信阳市息县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Going out to eat is always a good way to relax. Have a look at these great restaurants in nature. You must not want to miss them! On an island Where is this restaurant? It’s on a rock island in the Indian Ocean. When eating fresh seafood, you can enjoy its white beaches and warm tides (潮汐). During low tides, it’s easy to walk to the restaurant from the beach. During high tides, you need to swim or take a boat to get there. Above a volcano Try this special barbecue (烧烤) in Spain! There is no fire in this restaurant. All the cooks here use the heat of an active volcano (活火炭) to cook food. But don’t be afraid, because this volcano is very safe and it has been sleeping for almost 200 years. The cooking methods are not the only unusual things. You can also enjoy beautiful views of red sand and volcanic rock here. In a cave (洞穴) The Ali Barbours Restaurant is in the middle of a natural cave in Kenya, Africa. The cave is thought to be between 120,000 and 180,000 years old. The main dining room has an open area. In the evening, the restaurant lights candles in the cave. If you look up on a clear night, you will see stars in the sky. What a fine dining experience! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 186．Which of the following can you do in the restaurant on the island? ①Eat fresh seafood.    ②Watch white beaches.    ③Enjoy warm tides.    ④Cook food by yourself. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 187．What makes the restaurant above the volcano in Spain special? A．Long history and interesting culture. B．Delicious food and kind service. C．Unusual cook methods and special views. D．Wonderful activities and cheap price. 188．If Alice and her friends want to see stars at night, they can choose the restaurant ________. A．in the cave B．on the island C．above the volcano D．in the forest 189．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The restaurant on the island is difficult to get to. B．The Ali Barbours Restaurant lies in India. C．The restaurant above the volcano is dangerous. D．All the three restaurants are built in nature. 190．Where do you think this passage may come from? A．A storybook. B．A travel guide. C．A science report. D．A sports magazine. Passage39（河南省信阳市罗山县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） These years, people show all kinds of things on the Internet: good food, nice clothes, wonderful vacations and so on. Now showing the number of steps is becoming popular. People are finding it important to be in good health. To keep healthy, many people go to work on foot. When they start walking, they open the step counter app on their phones to record how many steps they walk that day. After a day’s walk, some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo. This can make them learn from each other and keep exercising. “This helps me to exercise much and keep a good habit,” Miss Liu said. “I can also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on WeChat. We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising.” Mr. Wu likes to exercise. But in the past he was kind of lazy and didn’t want to exercise every day. “After I use the step counter app, everything is different. It’s great to exercise with my friends. Sometimes there are prizes for those who walk more steps. I really like it .” he said. Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise. Both the old and the young like it. Recording the steps helps people develop a good habit of walking and showing the number can make people more interested in walking. But don’t take the number too seriously. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 191．What CANNOT we know from the second paragraph? A．Why many people go to work on foot. B．How they use the step counter app. C．In which places they use the app. D．Why they show the number online. 192．What does the writer think of showing the number of steps? A．It can make people stop driving cars. B．It can make more people want to keep fit C．It can make people much more relaxed. D．It can make people develop a good habit. 193．The underlined word “it” here refers to “________”. A．exercising every day B．exercising with friends C．getting more prizes D．the step counter app 194．Which of the following is TRUE? A．More people go to work on foot to save money. B．People usually show the number of steps in the morning. C．Miss Liu and Mr. Wu like to exercise with their friends. D．To be healthy, the number of your steps is important to you. 195．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．People like to show the number of steps on the Internet. B．Many people like to be in good health through taking walks. C．It’s important to record how many steps you walk every day. D．Many people like to use their mobile phones when walking. Passage40（河南省信阳市光山县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） There is a famous saying(谚语)in the West: Eat breakfast like a king. It means breakfast should be the most important meal of your day. Why? The answer is in the word breakfast itself. Breakfast means “breaking of the fast(禁食期)”. There is about twelve hours between supper and breakfast, so it’s important to eat breakfast to keep in good health. Also, the food for breakfast will give you energy to use during the day. Eating a good breakfast is important, but not many people are changing their eating habits. In the US, about 66% of people have their main meal in the evening. For most Japanese and Australians, the evening meal is the main meal of the day, too. In Mexico, the main meal for many families is usually at 2:00 pm. In Switzerland, the main meal is also in the middle of the day. Many nutritionists(营养学家)say people should eat small, low-fat(低脂肪的)meals five or six times a day. But most people think that what you eat is more important than when you eat it. Eating healthy foods like vegetables, fish and fresh fruit is a good way to enjoy a healthy life. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 196．The second paragraph mainly tells us ________. A．when we should have breakfast B．why breakfast is important C．what food we should have for breakfast D．what “breakfast” means 197．The underlined part “not many people are changing their eating habits” means ________. A．many people know breakfast is important B．it’s not difficult for many people to change their eating habits C．there are many people not having a good breakfast D．many people should get into the habit of eating healthy food 198．What is the main meal of the day for most Americans?  ________ A．Breakfast. B．Lunch. C．The afternoon tea. D．Supper. 199．People in ________ have their main meals in the middle of the day. A．Japan and Australia B．Japan and Mexico C．Mexico and Switzerland D．Australia and Switzerland 200．Who thinks people should eat meals five or six times a day?  ________ A．Most people. B．Some dentists. C．A few old people. D．Many nutritionists. 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解之说明文 Passage1（河南省郑州市巩义市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） World Reading Day is held on April 23rd every year. On this day, we are encouraged to read more books. Reading is like opening a window to different worlds. Around 130 million books have been come out in the human history. A reader will read at most 6,000 books in his life. Most of them won’t be so much fun or very unforgettable. Books are like people. We meet many but only a few touch our hearts. Perhaps we will only remember about 30 books. They will be different for each of us, but they affect (影响) us in similar ways. Books make us show our feelings better. When we see a bird flying in the sky, we have a beautiful feeling, but we may find it hard for us to use words to show our feelings and finally we just say, “That’s so nice.” However, a good writer can describe it wonderfully. He shows us the angle (角度) of the wing, the slow movement of the largest branch (树枝) of a tree and the angle of the mouth in a smile. Great writers build bridges for us in order to communicate with each other. They describe the similar experiences of us, and show us what we can share with each other and how we can help each other. They also help us to feel. By reading a book, we meet someone. Perhaps she is very beautiful, young, smart but dying, and we feel sad about her hurt and the unfairness of the world. Or perhaps she is poor, weak but hard-working, and we find the courage to face the difficulties in life through her story. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By telling a story. 2．How many books will a reader at most read in his life? A．30 books. B．600 books. C．6000 books. D．130 million books. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The bird. B．The feeling. C．The sky. D．The book. 4．Which is TRUE according to this passage? A．A person should read as many books as possible. B．A person should read at least 30 books in his life. C．A person can read many books and remember all of them. D．A person may read lots of books, but he only remembers some of them. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了阅读书籍的必要性以及给我们带来的好处。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Around 130 million books have been come out in the human history. A reader will read at most 6,000 books in his life.”可知，该文章通过列举数字来展开。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“A reader will read at most 6,000 books in his life.”可知，一个读者一生最多读6000本书。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“When we see a bird flying in the sky, we have a beautiful feeling, but we may find it hard for us to use words to show our feelings and finally we just say, ‘That’s so nice.’ However, a good writer can describe it wonderfully.”可知，当我们看到一只鸟在天空中飞翔时，我们有一种美丽的感觉，但我们可能会发现很难用语言来表达我们的感受，最后我们只是说“那太好了”，而一个好的作家却能把它描写得很精彩。由此可知，此处的划线单词it指代的是那种“感觉”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“A reader will read at most 6,000 books in his life.”和“Perhaps we will only remember about 30 books.”可知，一个人可能读了很多书，但他可能只会记得其中的一些。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文后可知，第一段和第二段讲述了一个人可能读了很多书，但他只记得其中的一些；第三、第四和第五段讲述了书以什么样的方式影响着我们。选项C与之相符。故选C。 Passage2（河南省郑州市新郑市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Lots of people in the world take tea as their favorite drink. There are many kinds of tea in the world, such as black tea, green tea, white tea and yellow tea. These kinds of tea grow in different areas. Different people like to drink different tea. And their ways of drinking tea are also different. In China People drink a lot of tea in China. Many people drink it because it tastes very good. Some people think tea is helpful in many ways. It can keep them healthy. In other parts of Asia In Japan, many people like to drink green tea. In Vietnam, people like to drink coffee first. Then they drink tea. In the UK British people also like tea. In the afternoon, they would like to drink black tea. It’s their “tea time”. Most of them like to drink tea with milk and sweet cakes. In the US Many people drink black tea in the US. In the south, people like to drink sweet tea. Sweet tea is cold black tea with sugar in it. China is one of the countries that grow the most tea in the world. India is the same. Japan, Kenya and Indonesia also grow tea. Some tea comes from Sri Lanka. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6．How many kinds of tea does the writer talk about in paragraph 1? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two. 7．What do most Chinese people think of tea? A．It tastes quite different. B．It is better than coffee. C．It is good for health. D．It is the most popular drink. 8．Where do people like to drink coffee before drinking tea? A．In Japan. B．In the US. C．In Sri Lanka. D．In Vietnam. 9．What do most people in the UK like to drink tea with? A．Sugar. B．Ice. C．Juice. D．Milk. 10．Which part of a website may the text be from? A．Sports. B．Stories. C．Culture. D．News. 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上不同国家的人有着不同的饮茶习惯。 6．细节理解题。根据“There are many kinds of tea in the world, such as black tea, green tea, white tea and yellow tea.”可知，第一段提到了红茶、绿茶、白茶、黄茶四种茶。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“Some people think tea is helpful in many ways. It can keep them healthy”可知，大多数中国人认为茶有助于健康。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“In Vietnam, people like to drink coffee first. Then they drink tea.”可知，在越南，人们喜欢先喝咖啡，然后再喝茶。故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据“Most of them like to drink tea with milk and sweet cakes.”可知，大多数英国人喜欢喝茶加牛奶。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据“Different people like to drink different tea. And their ways of drinking tea are also different.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上不同国家的人有着不同的饮茶习惯，属于文化类文章。故选C。 Passage3（河南省郑州市新郑市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） You may be told not to be afraid of anything. Fear is often connected with (与……有关联) weakness, and fear is something we want to avoid (避免). But that’s not all true. Fear can be good for us sometimes. Fear tells us about danger. Without fear, we will not realize we should run away from a tiger or step back from a high place. Researchers said that a healthy fear keeps teenagers away from dangerous people, places and activities. Fear makes us jump, shake and cry. But interestingly, sometimes we make ourselves feel fear on purpose (故意地). Think about scary books and movies, and also the long lines for a scary roller coaster ride. Kerr, a researcher, explained why we like to do so. Fear fills our brains with healthy chemicals (化学物质). These things create feelings of happiness and excite us. Besides, when we’re scared, our bodies produce a chemical which helps us bond with each other. “Watch people walking off a roller coaster, and you’ll see lots of smiles on their faces,” Kerr said. That also explains why schools organize some challenging trips and physical activities to build up students’ team spirit. People experience and deal with fear in different ways. If you get scared easily, don’t worry. Because being scared can help a person manage difficult situations. The fear may come from things like giving a report in front of your class or performing in a school play. It can help you be more confident. Also, if you become more comfortable with the physical experience of fear, you’ll be better able to work through it during the difficult situations. So, learn to love your fear. It only grows when you forget how helpful your fear is. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．What may many people think of fear according to the first paragraph? A．Good. B．Bad. C．Interesting. D．Exciting. 12．Why are scary books and movies helpful for people according to the text? A．Because they tell people how to keep away from fear. B．Because they teach people to be more confident in life. C．Because they help people stay away from dangerous people. D．Because they make brains produce chemicals that excite people. 13．What do the underlined words “bond with” most probably mean in Chinese? A．高度关注 B．建立联系 C．相互交流 D．产生敌意 14．What is the right attitude (态度) to fear according to the text? A．Avoid all the scary situations. B．Experience it as often as possible. C．Consider it as a sign of weakness. D．Enjoy the healthy fear sometimes. 15．What is the text mainly about? A．Ways to experience fear. B．The advantages fear brings us. C．Different ways people deal with fear. D．People’s misunderstandings about fear. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了恐惧对我们的好处。 11．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fear is often connected with (与……有关联) weakness, and fear is something we want to avoid (避免).”可知，人们认为恐惧往往与软弱有关，所以很多人认为恐惧是一个不好的东西。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Think about scary books and movies, and also the long lines for a scary roller coaster ride. Kerr, a researcher, explained why we like to do so. Fear fills our brains with healthy chemicals (化学物质). These things create feelings of happiness and excite us.”可知，看恐怖书籍和电影对人们很有帮助，因为恐惧让我们的大脑充满健康的化学物质，这些物质会让我们感到快乐和兴奋。故选D。 13．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“That also explains why schools organize some challenging trips and physical activities to build up students’ team spirit.”可知，学校组织一些具有挑战性的旅行和体育活动来培养学生的团队精神，而团队精神是需要各成员之间相互协作的，所以划线部分的含义是“建立联系”。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Researchers said that a healthy fear keeps teenagers away from dangerous people, places and activities.”以及最后一段中的“So, learn to love your fear.”可知，作者建议我们有时要享受健康的恐惧。故选D。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了恐惧对我们的好处。故选B。 Passage4（河南省郑州市金水区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） There are lots of apps (应用软件), games and websites (网站) that can help people in their daily lives. Here are some of them. The app made in Australia can help young people to focus (集中) their minds. It’s free, and gives you exercises to practice for 10 minutes a day. These exercises can help you with your sleep, stress and health. It’s an app made for people with hearing problems. When they are listening to speeches, this app can help turn speeches into texts and show them on the mobile phone. Rewordify. com understand what you read It is a website rather than an app, and it’s for people who are practicing their reading skills. You can put difficult sentences into it, and you will get easier sentences with the same meaning to help you understand them. It’s a fun app that you can relax yourself by coloring pictures. You can use the color you like to color different parts of the picture. When you are trying to make creative pictures, you will not feel so nervous or stressful. Seeing AI is a clever app to help blind people. The app uses a phone’s camera to look at the signs on different things. And it can read out what they say and what they are. People call the app “talking camera” because it can even recognize (辨认出) your friends and say out what people around you are like. 根据材料内容选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 16．How can TEXT HEAR help people with hearing problems? A．By turning speeches into texts. B．By using a phone’s camera. C．By drawing pictures on the phone. D．By reading out the sentences. 17．What can Rewordify. com help people with? A．Listening. B．Speaking. C．Reading. D．Writing. 18．If Mary feels stressful lately, which apps can help her? A．Seeing AI and TEXT HEAR. B．SMILLING MIND and Seeing AI. C．COLORFY and TEXT HEAR. D．SMILLING MIND and COLORFY. 19．What does the underlined word “it”refer to? A．The phone. B．The app. C．The sign. D．The camera. 20．In which website can you probably see the text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种在日常生活中，可以帮助人们的应用程序、游戏和网站。 16．细节理解题。根据“TEXT HEAR”中的“When they are listening to speeches, this app can help turn speeches into texts and show them on the mobile phone.”可知，TEXT HEAR通过把演讲变成文本来帮助有听力问题的人。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据“Rewordify. com understand what you read”中的“It is a website rather than an app, and it’s for people who are practicing their reading skills.”可知，Rewordify. com可以帮助人们阅读。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据“SMILLING MIND”中的“These exercises can help you with your sleep, stress and health.”可知，这些运动可以帮助你的睡眠、压力和健康；根据“COLORFY”中的“When you are trying to make creative pictures, you will not feel so nervous or stressful.”可知，当你想要创作一些有创意的照片时，你不会感到那么紧张或有压力，所以如果玛丽最近感到压力很大，SMILLING MIND和COLORFY可以帮助她。故选D。 19．词句猜测题。根据“Seeing AI”中的“People call the app “talking camera” because…”可知，划线部分的含义是这个app。故选B。 20．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“There are lots of apps (应用软件), games and websites (网站) that can help people in their daily lives. Here are some of them.”可知，文章介绍了几种在日常生活中，可以帮助人们的应用程序、游戏和网站，属于科技范畴。故选C。 Passage5（河南省郑州市金水区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Every year, lots of animals around the world go on long journeys called migrations (迁徙). Some need to find food; others are looking for somewhere to breed and raise their young. Migrations can be long and challenging for animals but new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress. In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to breed in Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat, so that they can finish the whole journey. Some birds eat grass shoots that start to grow at the beginning of the season. This kind of food can only be got for a few weeks, and rising temperatures caused by climate (气候) change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too. A team of researchers recently tracked (追踪) 246 birds that were flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They found that the birds have changed their diets (饮食) according to the changing environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the natural wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds (种子) dropped by farmers. The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural living environments disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also said wetlands must be protected, so the birds can get different foods during their long journeys. 21．What does the underlined word “breed” probably mean in the first paragraph? A．Feed animals. B．Keep pets. C．Meet friends. D．Have babies. 22．In which month will the birds living near Lake Poyang fly to Siberia, Russia? A．In January. B．In April. C．In August. D．In October. 23．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．The birds don’t like eating grass. B．Dropped seeds are helpful to birds. C．More and more land is used for farming. D．Natural living environments are disappearing. 24．What may cause less food to eat for the migrating birds? a. The rising temperatures. b. The late arrival of some birds. c. The disappearance of natural wetlands. d. The use of different harvesting ways. A．a,b,c B．a,b,d C．b,c,d D．a,c,d 25．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain the information of the migration. B．To call on people to help the migrating birds. C．To advise people to keep the migrating birds. D．To show the importance of the migrating birds. 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了每年世界各地的许多动物都会进行迁徙，其中候鸟在迁徙的过程中找需要寻找吃的食物，但是由于各种原因，候鸟的食物减少，因此有研究者建议，农民使用不同的收割方式，比如在田地里留下更多种子的机器以及必须保护湿地，这样鸟类才能在长途旅行中获得不同的食物。 21．词句猜测题。根据“Some need to find food; others are looking for somewhere to breed and raise their young.”可知，有些鸟需要寻找食物；另一些则在寻找繁殖和抚养后代的地方。因此breed应意为“繁殖”。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据“In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to breed in Siberia, Russia.”可知，鸟在春天飞往俄罗斯西伯利亚。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据“As well as eating grass from the natural wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds (种子) dropped by farmers.”可知，除了吃沿途的草之外，鸟儿还会吃农民扔的种子，所以说丢弃的种子对于鸟儿是有用的。故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据“This kind of food can only be got for a few weeks, and rising temperatures caused by climate (气候) change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too.”可知，候鸟的食物减少的原因是气温上升；一些鸟来晚了；自然湿地的消失。故选A。 25．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了候鸟在迁徙的过程中找需要寻找吃的食物，但是由于各种原因，候鸟的食物减少，因此有研究者建议，农民使用不同的收割方式，比如在田地里留下更多种子的机器以及必须保护湿地，这样鸟类才能在长途旅行中获得不同的食物。因此本文的主要目的是呼吁人们帮助候鸟。故选B。 Passage6（河南省郑州市高新区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Dear students, welcome to “Sunshine Space”. These days we easily feel stressed because we have a lot of work to do. It’s important to know how to manage daily routines and find ways to relax. Here are three ways to help you. Firstly, we should try organizing our things from most important to least important as well as most urgent (紧急的) to least urgent. If some problems are both important and urgent, such as studying for next-day test, do those tasks first. Once those are done, work on things that are important but not urgent, such as preparing for the final exams. From there we can work on problems that are less important but urgent. Organizing our work this way helps a lot in knowing what to do first and not worrying about the rest. Otherwise (否则), we might easily feel unable to deal with so much work to do. Secondly, we can try to fit some exercise into our weekly schedule if we still feel stressed even with the help of the way above. It doesn’t even have to be a big trip to the gym, although that surely helps. It could be something as small as walking around the playground for 10 to 20 minutes.                 Finally, we can try meditation (冥想). Again, this does not need to be anything special. Just set 10—20 minutes with a timer, sit upright close our eyes, and focus only on breathing. If other thoughts come up, don’t worry about them and just leave them alone. By trying these steps, we will be on the way toward feeling relaxed and peaceful.                 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 26．How does the writer suggest we should organize our tasks? a. both important and urgent  b. urgent but not important c. important but not urgent  d. neither important nor urgent A．abcd B．acbd C．dcba D．dbca 27．Which of the following problem is neither important nor urgent? A．Studying for next-day test. B．Preparing for final exams. C．Hanging out with friends. D．Answering the ringing phone. 28．What kind of small things can we do according to the second way? A．Go shopping with friends. B．Exercise in a gym for two hours. C．Take a walk on the playground. D．Go hiking with family members. 29．What should we do when other thoughts come up during the meditation? A．Lie down and set a timer. B．Try to breathe quickly. C．Not pay attention to them. D．Open and close our eyes. 30．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Steps of doing meditation. B．Ways of dealing with stress. C．The importance of doing exercise. D．Ways of managing huge amounts of work. 【答案】26．B 27．C 28．C 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种处理压力的方法。 26．细节理解题。根据“Firstly, we should try organizing our things from most important to least important as well as most urgent to least urgent. If some problems are both important and urgent, such as studying for next-day test, do those tasks first. Once those are done, work on things that are important but not urgent, such as preparing for the final exams. From there we can work on problems that are less important but urgent.”可知，要先做既重要又紧急的事情，然后再去做重要但不紧急的事情，之后处理不太重要但很紧急的事情，最后处理既不重要也不紧急的事情。故选B。 27．推理判断题。根据“If some problems are both important and urgent, such as studying for next-day test, do those tasks first. Once those are done, work on things that are important but not urgent, such as preparing for the final exams.”可知，准备第二天的考试是既重要又紧急的事情，准备期末考试是重要但不紧急的事情。而接电话是很紧急但不重要的事情，与朋友出去是既不重要也不紧急的事情。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“It could be something as small as walking around the playground for 10 to 20 minutes.”可知，根据第二种方法，我们可以做在操场上散步这样的小事。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据“If other thoughts come up, don’t worry about them and just leave them alone.”可知，当冥想中出现其他想法时，我们不要理会它们。故选C。 30．主旨大意题。根据“These days we easily feel stressed because we have a lot of work to do. It’s important to know how to manage daily routines and find ways to relax. Here are three ways to help you.”可知，本文主要介绍了一些处理压力的方法。故选B。 Passage7（河南省郑州市荥阳市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Do you often feel sleepy in class? Maybe you should take your smartphone and tablet (平板电脑) away from your bed at night so that you can have a good night’s sleep. There is a study about sleeping habits. According to the study, smartphones and tablets belong to electronic devices (电子设备). 89 percent of American teenagers have at least one electronic device near their beds. Most of them use their electronic devices before bedtime. They spend too much time playing with electronic devices. Of course they have a poor sleep. When you use electronic devices before going to bed, you are too excited to fall asleep. The electronic devices can release the special blue light. The blue light can make you excited and it can stop you from sleeping. If you don’t sleep well because of using electronic devices, here are some suggestions for you. You should stop looking at electronic devices at least 30 minutes before your bedtime. In this way, your brain (大脑) can slow down and get ready for sleep. You can also count some numbers. Both of them are good ways to help you sleep better. Why not try them? 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 31．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By giving a fact. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By using a saying. 32．What is the main reason why most teenagers have a poor sleep according to the text? A．They spend too much time studying. B．They spend too much time playing with electronic devices. C．They are not tired enough at night. D．They have too many electronic devices. 33．What does the underlined word “release” mean? A．Give up. B．Give out. C．Take up. D．Take out. 34．How many suggestions are given to help people sleep better? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 35．What is the main topic discussed in the text? A．The benefits (益处) of using electronic devices. B．The ways of using smartphones and tablets. C．The importance of having a good night’s sleep. D．The impact (影响) of electronic devices on sleep. 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．B 34．A 35．D 【导语】本文针对学生睡前使用智能设备造成的睡眠问题进行了探讨。 31．推理判断题。根据“Do you often feel sleepy in class?”可知，第1段以提问题的方式展开话题。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“Most of them use their electronic devices before bedtime. They spend too much time playing with electronic devices. Of course they have a poor sleep.”可知，大多数青少年在睡前花费太多时间玩这些电子设备，因此他们睡眠质量不好。故选B。 33．词句猜测题。根据“The electronic devices can release the special blue light. The blue light can make you excited and it can stop you from sleeping.”可知，电子设备会释放出蓝光，这些蓝光会让你兴奋起来，让你睡不了觉。因此release意为“释放”，与give out同义。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据“You should stop looking at electronic devices at least 30 minutes before your bedtime. In this way, your brain (大脑) can slow down and get ready for sleep. You can also count some numbers. Both of them are good ways to help you sleep better.”可知，给出了两条帮助人们睡得更好的建议。故选A。 35．主旨大意题。根据“Maybe you should take your smartphone and tablet (平板电脑) away from your bed at night so that you can have a good night’s sleep.”可知，本文主要探讨了电子设备对睡眠的影响。故选D。 Passage8（河南省郑州外国语中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Time flies when you play on your smartphone. But when you get down to the real business of work and study, one hour feels like a year. Why are we so attracted by smartphones but easily bored by studying? It all boils down to something small and hard to see: dopamine (多巴胺). Dopamine is a “pleasure chemical” that makes people feel good. Our brains give it out when we eat yummy food, after we exercise or when we get a prize. Compared with studying, playing on smartphones causes our brains to give out more dopamine. For example, checking your phone for a text leads to a 400 % increase in dopamine. But why? When we visit social media on the phone, we don’t know what we’ll see next, or who will give opinions about things we post (发布). This “magic of maybe”, makes the dopamine system active. We get excited wondering if we have messages from our friends. When our expectations are met, dopamine is given out. And to find more dopamine, we continue checking our phones. Studying doesn’t provide such magic. Without this excitement, we get bored much more easily. Can we do something to change that? According to scientists, apps can become less attractive if we turn off notifications (通知) or change the screen colors to black and white. We can also set time limits (限制) on apps to avoid using them too much. As for studying, you could check your progress daily or weekly and reward (奖励) yourself for it, said Daniel Wong, writer of The Happy Student. You could also search for interesting topics connected with your textbook. Use what you’ve learned to make an influence in the real world. This will make knowledge much more interesting to learn. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 36．According to the article, what are students like when they study? A．They get very attracted. B．They are getting happier. C．They feel time pass more slowly. D．Their brain gives out more dopamine. 37．What might the phrase “boils down to” mean in Paragraph 2? A．works out B．finds out C．leads to D．results from 38．When do people have more dopamine? A．When they know what will happen next. B．When they stay in a familiar environment. C．When their expectations (期望) are met. D．When they sleep in bed. 39．What is Paragraph 4 about? A．It introduces a way to get more messages from our friends. B．It gives an example of spending time happily on social media. C．It describes how scientists discover the way dopamine works. D．It explains why playing on smartphones causes more dopamine. 40．What’s Daniel Wong’s advice on making learning interesting? A．Setting time limits on everything you do. B．Stopping playing on your smartphone. C．Using what you learn from textbooks to do things in real life. D．Reading the interesting part in your textbooks before reading the others. 【答案】36．C 37．D 38．C 39．D 40．C 【导语】本文主要解释了为什么我们对智能手机如此着迷，却很容易对学习感到厌倦。 36．细节理解题。根据“But when you get down to the real business of work and study, one hour feels like a year.”可知，学生学习的时候觉得时间过得很慢。故选C。 37．词义猜测题。根据“Dopamine is a ‘pleasure chemical’ that makes people feel good. Our brains give it out when we eat yummy food, after we exercise or when we get a prize.”可知，此处是介绍为什么我们对智能手机如此着迷，却很容易对学习感到厌倦的原因，所以bolls down to和results from“起因于”意思相近。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据“When our expectations are met, dopamine is given out.”可知，当人们的期望得到满足时，就会有更多的多巴胺被释放出来。故选C。 39．主旨大意题。根据“When we visit social media on the phone, we don’t know what we’ll see next, or who will give opinions about things we post (发布). This ‘magic of maybe’, makes the dopamine system active. We get excited wondering if we have messages from our friends. When our expectations are met, dopamine is given out.”可知，此处是解释了为什么玩智能手机会产生更多的多巴胺。故选D。 40．细节理解题。根据“You could also search for interesting topics connected with your textbook. Use what you’ve learned to make an influence in the real world. This will make knowledge much more interesting to learn.”可知，利用你从课本上学到的东西在现实生活中做事情。故选C。 Passage9（河南省开封市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） If you feel stressed at school, what can you do to make yourself happier? Some may listen to some music. Others may get some exercise. A new study found another great way to make students less stressed—playing with dogs. Scientists studied 105 students between the ages of eight and nine. 35 trained dogs and their trainers also took part in the test. They divided (分开) the children into 3 groups. The students in the first group spent 20 minutes with a dog and its trainer. They played with the trained dogs. They did this twice a week for 4 weeks. The second group spent the same amount of time (时长) doing exercise to relax. The last group did neither of these things. During this time, the scientists recorded the students’ cortisol levels (皮质醇水平). The more stressed you feel, the more cortisol you will have in your body. What did the scientists find? Both the second and third groups showed rises in cortisol levels. The first group, however, showed no big increase. And the children in this group had the least cortisol. According to the study, students enjoy playing with dogs, and it helps them become happier. The cortisol levels fall over time this way. And it is good for students’ health. But here comes the next question: Is 20 minutes of playtime with a dog the best amount of time? Scientists are going to find out the answer. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 41．Why does the writer write the first paragraph? A．To lead in the topic. B．To show the difficulties. C．To surprise the readers. D．To show the latest research results. 42．What made the testing results of the three groups different? A．The time. B．The activity. C．The age. D．The place. 43．Which one shows the relationship between students’ stress (x) and cortisol levels(y)? A． B． C． D． 44．What does the underlined word “increase” mean? A．成就 B．风险 C．兴趣 D．增长 45．What may the scientists study next? A．New skills of keeping pets at home. B．More useful ways to deal with stress. C．The amount of time to play with a dog. D．The most proper kind of dog to play with. 【答案】41．A 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．C 【导语】本文介绍了减少学生压力的一种方法——和小狗玩耍。 41．推理判断题。根据“A new study found another great way to make students less stressed—playing with dogs.”可知，第一段是为了导入本文话题：和小狗玩耍对缓解学生的压力有作用。故选A。 42．推理判断题。根据“The students in the first group spent 20 minutes with a dog and its trainer. They played with the trained dogs. They did this twice a week for 4 weeks. The second group spent the same amount of time (时长) doing exercise to relax. The last group did neither of these things.”可知，三组同学被安排的活动不同使三组的测试结果不同，故选B。 43．推理判断题。根据“The more stressed you feel, the more cortisol you will have in your body.”可知，你感到的压力越大，你体内的皮质醇就越多。A图符合语境，故选A。 44．词义猜测题。根据“Both the second and third groups showed rises in cortisol levels.”可知，第二组和第三组显示皮质醇增长，根据连词however，此处表示转折。因此第一组学生的皮质醇没有很大增长，故选D。 45．推理判断题。根据“But here comes the next question: Is 20 minutes of playtime with a dog the best amount of time? Scientists are going to find out the answer.”可知，作者接下来会研究和小狗玩耍的最佳时长，故选C。 Passage10（河南省洛阳市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Chinese traditional paper cutting is an art of cutting out pictures from paper with the help of a pair of scissors (剪刀) or a knife. In 2009, the Chinese paper cutting was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) . Paper cutting originated (起源) in China and many people think it began in the 4th century with the invention of paper. But long before that, when paper wasn’t invented, Chinese people already used similar skills to cut on leaves and silk. It reached top during the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, it’s really a long art form that has been practiced in China through many centuries. The subjects of the paper cuttings can be anything, from historical events and fairy tale characters to plants and animals. The paper cuttings are so vivid that they look like real ones. Paper cutting may sound easy, but actually it’s difficult to do well. Modern Chinese artists have never stopped trying in different ways. Li Baofeng is a 54-year-old folk artist. “Traditional paper cuttings are often made with red paper, which seems to be a little boring. So I want to make something new, ” says Li. She has made works in different colors. Through centuries, Chinese paper cutting has also been introduced into many other countries in Asia and Europe. Now more and more people love paper cutting works and buy them as gifts for their friends. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 46．What is not necessary when you do paper cutting according to the passage? A．Knives. B．Pictures. C．Scissors. D．Paper. 47．When did paper cutting reach the top? A．In the 1630s. B．Over 1, 500 years ago. C．In the 4th century. D．During the Qing Dynasty. 48．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “vivid”? A．Beautiful. B．Colorful. C．Lively. D．Rich. 49．What does Li Baofeng do to develop paper cutting? A．She uses new tools instead of scissors. B．She makes paper cutting more colorful. C．She makes paper cutting popular online. D．She uses 3D printing to make paper cutting. 50．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably from? A．Culture. B．Sports. C．Medicine. D．Music. 【答案】46．B 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的传统剪纸艺术。 46．细节理解题。根据文中“Chinese traditional paper cutting is an art of cutting out pictures from paper with the help of a pair of scissors (剪刀) or a knife.”可知，中国传统剪纸是使用剪刀或刀从纸上剪出图案的艺术，所以进行剪纸时图片是不需要的，故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据文中“It reached top during the Qing Dynasty.”可知，它在清朝达到顶峰，故选D。 48．词义猜测题。根据文中“they look like real ones”可知，它们看起来像真的，所以剪纸非常生动，vivid应意为“生动的”，与lively同义，故选C。 49．细节理解题。根据文中“She has made works in different colors.”可知，李宝凤为了发展剪纸，使剪纸更加丰富多彩，故选B。 50．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国的传统剪纸艺术，所以可能出自杂志的文化部分，故选A。 Passage11（河南省平顶山市汝州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Bruce was my good friend. He liked drawing horses. He drew the horses very well, but he always began with the tail (尾巴) . I was surprised because I thought all people began with the head of the horse. In fact, it could not really make any difference whether the painter begins with the head or the tail or the belly (肚子) or the foot of the horse. Most great painters do not follow other people’s rule. They make their own rules. It is the same to writing. The question, “How shall I begin? ” only means that you want to begin with the head instead of beginning with the tail or somewhere else. That is, you are not yet experienced enough to trust (信任) your own powers. When you become more experienced you will never ask the question. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案，并将其标号填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 51．How was the horses Bruce drew? A．Normal. B．Terrible. C．Good. D．Too bad. 52．Why was the writer surprised? A．Because Bruce made his own rule. B．Because Bruce liked drawing the horses. C．Because Bruce began to draw at the head of the horses. D．Because Bruce began to draw at the tail of the horses. 53．People are not yet experienced because ________. A．they always asked questions B．they do not trust their own powers C．they don’t know where to begin D．they want to begin at the head of the horses 54．What will you do when you become more experienced? A．You will begin with the tail. B．You will think of the beginning. C．You will never ask the question. D．You will write the end of the story. 55．What is the best title of the passage? A．Trust your own powers B．How to write a story C．How to draw a horse D．How to write your own books 【答案】51．C 52．D 53．B 54．C 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我的朋友布鲁斯，与其他画家不一样，他画画是从尾巴开始画的。告诉读者如果你有足够的能力和经验，就可以按自己的想法及规则来做事，包括写作。 51．细节理解题。根据“Bruce was my good friend. He liked drawing horses. He drew the horses very well”可知，布鲁斯擅长画马。故选C。 52．细节理解题。根据“he always began with the tail (尾巴)”以及“I was surprised because I thought all people began with the head of the horse.”可知，作者认为所有人是从马的头部开始画的，而布鲁斯是从尾巴开始画的。故选D。 53．细节理解题。根据“That is, you are not yet experienced enough to trust (信任) your own powers.”可知，人们不够有经验是因为他们不信任自己的能力。故选B。 54．细节理解题。根据“When you become more experienced you will never ask the question.”可知，当你更有经验时，你不会再问这个问题。故选C。 55．最佳标题题。通读全文，本文主要告诉如果你有足够的能力和经验，就可以按自己的想法及规则来做事。故选A。 Passage12（河南省安阳市林州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Everyone has their favorite food. Think about your favorite food. Do you wonder why your favorite food tastes so good? The answer is about your tongue and nose. There are some taste buds (味蕾) on your tongue. They give you the sense of taste. How do the taste buds work? In fact, they have many tiny hairs on them. These tiny hairs send messages to your brain about the tastes of different food. In this way, you know whether it is sweet, sour, bitter or salty. A person has about 10,000 taste buds. They keep working all the time when we enjoy our food. The taste buds don’t always stay the same. They are replaced about every two weeks. However, as a person gets older, some of these taste buds don’t get replaced. An older person may only have 5,000 working taste buds. That’s why some food may taste stronger for you than it does for an older person. Besides your tongue, your nose also helps you learn about the taste of food. Sometimes, strong smell can even confuse (混淆) your sense of taste. Try holding an onion under your nose while eating an apple, the apple must taste terrible. So the next time you enjoy salty pizza and sweet ice cream, thank your tongue and your nose. Without them, you won’t have any sense of taste at all. Without the sense of taste, life will be boring! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 56．How do taste buds send messages to our brains according to the passage? A．By using our tongues. B．By using our noses. C．By using the small hairs on them. D．By using our eyes. 57．What do the underlined words “are replaced” mean in Chinese? A．被更新 B．被启动 C．被显示 D．被占领 58．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．An onion can help make the taste of an apple better. B．Most old people have stronger taste buds than the young. C．All the old people’s taste buds will get replaced after some time. D．Young people and old people may have different ideas on the taste of the same food. 59．Which is the proper structure (结构) of the passage? A．①②→③④⑤ B．①②→③→④⑤ C．①→②③→④→⑤ D．①→②③→④⑤ 60．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Our favorite food. B．How we can taste food. C．The use of tongue. D．The different taste of food. 【答案】56．C 57．A 58．D 59．C 60．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了我们的味觉是如何工作的，以及舌头和鼻子在味觉中的作用。 56．细节理解题。根据“How do the taste buds work? In fact, they have many tiny hairs on them. These tiny hairs send messages to your brain about the tastes of different food.”可知，味蕾通过微小的毛发向大脑传递食物的味道信息，故选C。 57．词义猜测题。根据“The taste buds don’t always stay the same. They are replaced about every two weeks.”可知，味蕾并不总是保持不变。它们大约每两周更换一次，所以“are replaced”应该表示“被更新”，故选A。 58．细节理解题。根据“That’s why some food may taste stronger for you than it does for an older person.”可知，年轻人和老年人对同一种食物可能有不同的看法是正确的，故选D。 59．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出主题，第二段和第三段介绍了舌头上的味蕾是如何工作的及人们的味蕾的更新情况，第四段介绍了鼻子能帮人们了解食物的味道，第五段总结舌头和鼻子的作用，所以本文结构如图C所示，故选C。 60．主旨大意题。根据“Do you wonder why your favorite food tastes so good? The answer is about your tongue and nose.”及全文可知，文章主要告诉我们是如何品尝出美味的食物的，故选B。 Passage13（河南省鹤壁市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） On the morning of April 3, a 7.3-magnitude earthquake (7.3 级地震) hit the sea area near Hualien, Taiwan. As of April 8, the earthquake had killed 13 people and hurt more than 1,140. There had been more than 20 aftershocks (余震) of magnitude 5 or above in Hualien, as of April 10. What to do during an earthquake? Inside: Don’t stand in a doorway. You are safer under a table. Outside: Move away from buildings, trees, and gas lines. In a crowded place: Drop down onto your hands and knees, cover your head and neck, and hold on to something safe. In a theater: Stay in your seat. Protect your head and neck with your arms or any way possible. Earthquake warning People may get warnings (预警) of an earthquake before it arrives. How does this work? There are many seismometers (测震仪) in different areas. When the earth starts shaking, the machines quickly tell how strong it is and then send a warning before the earthquake waves (波) arrive in other areas farther away. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 61．How does the writer begin the text? A．By giving examples. B．By telling a fairy tale. C．By asking questions. D．By making a survey. 62．What should you do when you are outside during an earthquake? A．Stand in the doorway. B．Stay under big trees. C．Search seismometers in the area. D．Move away from buildings. 63．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the passage? A．The seismometer. B．The aftershock. C．The machine. D．The earthquake. 64．Which shows the working process of earthquake warning? ① The earthquake waves (波) arrive in other areas farther away. ② Seismometers send the warning. ③ The earth starts shaking. ④ The machines quickly tell how strong it is. A．②③①④ B．③④①② C．③④②① D．③①②④ 65．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce what an earthquake is. B．To tell us how serious an earthquake is. C．To explain how the earthquake warning works. D．To show us how to keep safe in an earthquake. 【答案】61．A 62．D 63．D 64．C 65．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了台湾花莲附近海域于4月3日早上发生了7.3级地震以及地震发生时在不同环境下应采取的安全措施，并解释了地震预警系统的工作原理。 61．推理判断题。根据第一段“On the morning of April 3, a 7.3-magnitude earthquake hit the sea area near Hualien,Taiwan…”可知，作者通过举例台湾花莲附近海域发生7.3级地震来开篇。故选A。 62．细节理解题。根据第四段“Outside: Move away from buildings, trees, and gas lines.”可知，地震时在外面时应该远离建筑物。故选D。 63．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“When the earth starts shaking,the machines quickly tell how strong it is and then send a warning before the earthquake waves arrive in other areas farther away.”可知，当地球开始震动时，机器会迅速判断地震的强度，然后在地震波到达更远的其他地区之前发出警报，因此it指的是地震。故选D。 64．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When the earth starts shaking,the machines quickly tell how strong it is and then send a warning before the earthquake waves arrive in other areas farther away.”可知，当地球开始震动时，机器会迅速判断地震的强度，然后在地震波到达更远的其他地区之前发出警报，因此③④②①符合题意。故选C。 65．主旨大意题。根据第二段“What to do during an earthquake?”以及结合全文内容可知，文章主要向我们展示如何在地震中保持安全。故选D。 Passage14（河南省新乡市长垣市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Eating habit is a common topic in our daily life. Healthy eating habit is important to children. It can make them strong and healthy. Do you know that you can help your children develop good eating habits at home? You play an important part in the family environment. The first step is to prepare meals together at home. You can start from discussing your food plans with your children and going shopping together. Remember to give them choices of healthy foods, “What kind of vegetables would you like for dinner today?” Have meals together as often as possible. This means no TVs or mobile phones, just sitting around the table to enjoy the meals. Your children observe your eating habit throughout the meals, so show them you are enjoying the meals. You will set a good example for your children. Of course, if there is a talk during the meals, only choose the relaxing topics. You can also make it easier to choose healthy snacks by keeping fruits and vegetables in the house at all times, and limiting the amount of junk food in your home. Developing healthy eating habit is just like developing any other healthy habits—it requires patience and, of course, a good role model. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 66．Why healthy eating habit is important to children? A．Because it’s a common topic. B．Because it can make children strong and healthy. C．Because it’s simple at home. D．Because it plays an important part in the family environment. 67．If you want to develop your children’s healthy eating habits, you can begin with _____. A．discussing your food plans with your children and going shopping together B．having meals at home C．showing them you are enjoying the meals D．keeping fruits and vegetables in the house 68．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “observe” in Paragraph 3? A．taste B．hear C．watch D．think 69．What topic can you talk during the meals with children? A．Did you pass your English exam? B．I watched a wonderful film today. C．You had a fight with your friend, didn’t you? D．Why do you always lose your workbooks? 70．Who is the article for? A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Doctors. D．Parents. 【答案】66．B 67．A 68．C 69．B 70．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了健康的饮食习惯对孩子来说很重要。文章讲述了在家里帮助孩子养成良好的饮食习惯的建议。 66．细节理解题。根据第一段“Healthy eating habit is important to children. It can make them strong and healthy.”可知，健康的饮食习惯对孩子来说很重要，它可以使孩子们强壮健康。故选B。 67．细节理解题。根据第二段“The first step is to prepare meals together at home. You can start from discussing your food plans with your children and going shopping together.”可知，如果你想培养孩子健康的饮食习惯，第一步是在家一起准备三餐，你可以和你的孩子一起讨论你的食物计划，故选A。 68．词义猜测题。根据“Your children observe your eating habit throughout the meals, so show them you are enjoying the meals.”可知，你的孩子在用餐过程中……你的饮食习惯，让他们知道你在享受美食。所以选项C“观看，观察”符合语境。所以“observe”和“watch”意思一样。故选C。 69．细节理解题。根据第三段“if there is a talk during the meals, only choose the relaxing topics.”可知，如果用餐期间有谈话，只选择轻松的话题。选项B“我今天看了一部精彩的电影。”符合题意。故选B。 70．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述在家里帮助孩子养成良好的饮食习惯的建议。所以这个文章是写给父母的。故选D。 Passage15（河南省新乡市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Do you like embroideries (刺绣)? Do you know what they are? Embroideries are special patterns (图案) on clothes. Wang Rongbi, a member of the Siyin Miao minority, is a famous embroidery designer from Guizhou. The Milan Fashion Week in Milan, Italy showed her works in September, 2023. These beautiful works showed the great embroidery skills of the Miao minority people to the world. When foreign people talk about her works, Wang feels very proud. “Traditional art can be very fashionable,” she said. “Our embroideries have interested people around the world.” Making embroideries and showing them to people are also her way to show her love for the Siyin Miao minority and their culture. “Siyin” means “four seals (印章)” in Chinese. It’s said that in the old times, the Siyin Miao minority kept four seals for the king. Later they were separated (分开) because of war. To recognize (辨别出) each other, the Siyin Miao minority came up with a good idea. They embroidered the shapes of the seals on their clothes as a sign. As time went by, this tradition passed down and developed into the embroideries on clothes. Now Miao minority people still embroider beautiful shapes on their clothes. The shapes usually come from nature and Miao culture. It helps pass down the traditional Chinese culture. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 71．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By giving a suggestion. D．By showing an example. 72．People from all over the world saw Wang’s works in ________ in 2023. A．Guizhou B．Beijing C．Milan D．London 73．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The history of embroideries. B．The future of embroideries. C．The life of Siyin Miao minority. D．The war of Siyin Miao minority. 74．What do we know about embroideries? A．Only Wang Rongbi can make them. B．Foreign people aren’t interested in them. C．They help pass down traditional Chinese culture. D．Miao minority don’t decorate their clothes with them now. 75．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Colorful shapes of embroideries B．Different minorities in China C．Famous design of embroideries D．Embroideries in Chinese culture 【答案】71．B 72．C 73．A 74．C 75．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统文化中的刺绣。 71．细节理解题。根据第1段中的 “Do you like embroideries (刺绣)? Do you know what they are?” 可知，文章是通过提问题的形式开头的。故选 B。 72．细节理解题。根据第1段中的 “The Milan Fashion Week in Milan, Italy showed her works in September, 2023.” 可知，2023 年王荣毕的作品在意大利米兰的时装周上展出，所以来自世界各地的人都可以在米兰看到王荣毕的作品。故选C。 73．段落大意题。根据第3段内容可知，本段主要讲述了刺绣的历史。故选A。 74．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “It helps pass down the traditional Chinese culture.” 可知，现在苗族人在衣服上刺绣有利于传承中国传统文化。故选C。 75． 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国传统文化中的刺绣。故选D。 Passage16（河南省新乡市卫辉市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） “Ching-ching”! Here comes the “bus”! For some kids in Barcelona, Spain, the way they go to school on Friday has become a little different. In September, five children in Eixample, Barcelona, started up a “bike bus” program. Each Friday, they ride their bikes to school with their parents. Each time before doing so, they post their route（路线）online for other people to see. Anyone who wishes to join them can do so. The group has quickly grown to include hundreds of riders. The bike bus begins at about 8 a.m. every Friday and lasts for about 25 minutes. There are a few schools along the route. When students reach their school, they leave the “bus” and park their bikes. Instead of riding only in bike lanes（车道）, the bike bus takes over the whole street. The local police support the program. They ensure the safety of the kids and parents by riding in front of the group and behind it. Before the bike bus program, it wasn’t very safe for kids in Eixample to go to school by bike. The bike lanes are narrow and the traffic is busy. Parents hope that the bike bus program will change people’s ideas about getting around. Biking, they say, is a great form of exercise. It’s also more environment-friendly than driving. 76．“Ching-ching” most likely refers to the sound of ________. A．B． C． D． 77．Where can people learn about the route that the Eixample bike bus is taking? A．In the police office. B．On the Internet. C．In local newspapers. D．On school notice boards. 78．How often does the Eixample bike bus appear? A．Every day. B．Once a week. C．Twice a week. D．Three times a month. 79．What is the local police’s attitude（态度）towards the bike bus program? A．They support the program. B．They are against the program. C．They don’t care about the program. D．Some of them don’t agree the program. 80．Parents hope that the bike bus program will ________. A．make the traffic in Barcelona better B．push the government to widen the bike lanes C．stop all the people in Barcelona from driving D．make people rethink how they can get around 【答案】76．A 77．B 78．B 79．A 80．D 【导语】本文讲述了西班牙巴塞罗那的一些孩子启动了一个“自行车巴士”项目，并对该项目作出具体的介绍。 76．推理判断题。根据““Ching-ching”! Here comes the “bus”!”以及“...started up a “bike bus” program.”可知，这是一个“自行车巴士”项目，铃声应该是A选项里的物品发出的，故选A。 77．细节理解题。根据“Each time before doing so, they post their route（路线）online for other people to see. Anyone who wishes to join them can do so.”可知，每次这样做之前，他们都会在网上发布他们的路线，让其他人看到。任何希望加入的人都可以这样做。故选B。 78．细节理解题。根据“Each Friday, they ride their bikes to school with their parents.”可知，“自行车巴士”一周出现一次，故选B。 79．细节理解题。根据“The local police support the program.”可知，当地警方支持该项目，故选A。 80．细节理解题。根据“Parents hope that the bike bus program will change people’s ideas about getting around.”可知，家长们希望“自行车巴士”项目能改变人们出行的观念，故选D。 Passage17（河南省新乡市名校联考2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this? Mold can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or grey. Mold makes food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat. If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually contains (包含) water. This allows mold to grow easily below its surface. Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it. But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deeply inside this kind of food. According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold to remove it. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is completely covered with mold, you should still throw it away. Most kinds of mold are bad for us. But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many types of cheeses, such as blue cheese. These cheeses are safe to eat and they’re quite delicious as well. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 81．What’s the best way to deal with a moldy tomato? A．To eat it. B．To throw it away. C．To cut off the moldy part. D．To boil it in hot water. 82．Which sentence can best describe mold? A．We can’t see it. B．It grows faster when it is cold. C．It makes the food taste bad. D．It is more possible to grow on hard food. 83．Which part do you need to cut to remove mold on hard food? A．Half of the food. B．About 1.5 cm around and below the mold. C．The surface of the food. D．About 2.5 cm around and below the mold. 84．What do we know about penicillium (青霉菌) according to the passage? A．It tastes quite delicious. B．It can be used to make food. C．It is bad for our health. D．It is more likely to grow on cheese. 85．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A newspaper. B．A sports magazine. C．A science fiction story. D．A movie poster. 【答案】81．B 82．C 83．D 84．B 85．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何处理发霉的食物。 81．细节理解题。根据“If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually contains (包含) water.”可知，西红柿属于软的食物，如果发现软的食物上有霉菌，最好的办法就是扔掉，故选B。 82．细节理解题。根据“Moldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat.”可知，发霉的食物味道很差，故选C。 83．细节理解题。根据“But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food.…According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold to remove it.”可知，需要切除坚硬食物上霉菌周围和下面大约2.5cm的部分，故选D。 84．细节理解题。根据“But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many types of cheeses, such as blue cheese.”可知，可以用来制作食物，故选B。 85．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了如何处理发霉的食物，最有可能来自报纸，故选A。 Passage18（河南省焦作市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） A few close friends walking through the city streets has become popular among young people in China. It is called Citywalk. People would like to have a journey to walk around the city and explore its beauty. Citywalk first appeared in London, England to make tourists travel like locals. A group of people followed a guide, enjoyed the city’s streets, saw buildings up close, and got a deep understanding of the history and culture. At that time, Citywalk emphasized (强调) the importance of heartfelt feeling and a new understanding. But in China, Citywalk emphasizes following the heart and moving at a slower speed. People do not need to have a good plan before they start walking. Unlike walking in the park or in their neighborhood, Citywalk includes discovering old buildings, visiting special shops, having a cup of coffee, trying local food and so on. People take photos, make videos and share their stories online. They tell others where they go and what they find. In this fast-paced world, young people are always working hard and they have little time for local visit. Citywalk helps them have a warmer, more relaxing and slower-paced lifestyle. Whether it’s a busy market, a small shop in a small neighborhood, or a modern city street, they can all make them feel comfortable. Let’s take a walk together and experience the beauty of daily life! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 86．What does the underlined word “explore” mean in the text? A．Search. B．Understand. C．Enjoy. D．Realize. 87．Why do young people like Citywalk in China? A．It helps them find better jobs. B．It gives them more time to work. C．It offers chances for perfect travels. D．It allows them to have a slower lifestyle. 88．What would people do when they join Citywalk in China? A．Walk in their neighborhood. B．Look for some old buildings. C．Walk in some beautiful parks. D．Make a careful plan before walking. 89．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To tell the importance of Citywalk. B．To call on people to experience Citywalk. C．To ask readers to Citywalk in England and China. D．To introduce when Citywalk first appeared to the readers. 90．What is the best title of this text? A．Citywalk for All Ages B．Citywalk Around the World C．Citywalk in the Small Neighborhood D．Citywalk—A Way to Lead a Slow Life 【答案】86．A 87．D 88．B 89．B 90．D 【导语】本文介绍了在中国年轻人中流行的一种活动—— Citywalk“城市漫步”。 86．词义猜测题。根据“People would like to have a journey to walk around the city and explore its beauty.”可知，人们在城市周围走走，是为了探索城市的美丽。划线单词是“探索”的意思，而search是“搜查；探求”与它意思接近。故选A。 87．细节理解题。根据“Citywalk helps them have a warmer, more relaxing and slower-paced lifestyle.”和“Let’s take a walk together and experience the beauty of daily life!”可知，中国的年轻人喜欢城市漫步，因为它可以让他们以较慢的速度探索日常生活。故选D。 88．细节理解题。根据“Citywalk includes discovering old buildings.”可知，城市漫步包括发现老建筑。故选B。 89．主旨大意题。根据全文和最后一段“Let’s take a walk together and experience the beauty of daily life!”可知，是为了号召人们体验城市漫步。故选B。 90．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了一种全新的生活体验——城市漫步。所以最佳标题是“城市漫步——一种慢生活的方式”。故选D。 Passage19（河南省濮阳市华龙区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Wang Yiou grew up in Beijing. She has long thought cycling was just a way of transportation (交通工具). Her mother used to take her to school by bike. But a bike tour two years ago let her find that cycling is a comfortable way to see the city now. Neither too slow nor too fast, “You can touch, smell, feel and use all your senses during a bike ride,” she said. Nowadays more and more people are cycling in cities in China. According to a report by Mafengwo, a Chinese travel service app, the number of clicks (点击) about cycling went up by 108% during the past three years. Allen Li, a cycling fan, started to cycle because she wanted to try a regular exercise that was not boring. “The best perfume (芳香) we can use to taste our lives is the smell of nature.” Li said, explaining how she fell in love with city cycling. Many cities have built more services for cycling, they help to spread city cycling. For example, Beijing’s first route (路线) for cyclists was built in 2019. It is about 6.5 kilometers long from Huilongguan to Shangdi. By the end of 2022, there were about 12 cycling routes near the city’s rivers. Chengdu has also set up 11 cycling routes called “Tianfu Greenway”. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 91．How does Wang Yiou like cycling now? A．Cycling is getting expensive. B．Cycling is too fast for her. C．Cycling is just a way of transportation. D．Cycling is a good way to see the city. 92．Why does the number of clicks about cycling in Mafengwo go up? A．Because more people ride bicycles to work. B．Because more people are interested in cycling. C．Because more people have time to travel by bike. D．Because more cities have built services for cycling. 93．Where is “Tianfu Greenway”? A．In Chengdu. B．In Shanghai. C．In Hangzhou. D．In Beijing. 94．What can we know from the last paragraph? A．People can ride anywhere in Beijing. B．Allen didn’t think the cycling was boring. C．Beijing is getting more cycling friendly. D．All the cities must build the cycling route. 95．What is the text mainly about? A．Cycling around the world. B．A Chinese travel service app. C．The importance of cycling routes. D．Find the beauty of cities by cycling. 【答案】91．D 92．B 93．A 94．C 95．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在城市里骑自行车的益处和几名自行车爱好者骑行的感受，还有一些城市采取了一些措施，来为骑行提供便利。 91．观点态度题。根据“But a bike tour two years ago let her find that cycling is a comfortable way to see the city now.”可知，现在她发现骑行是一个游览城市的好方式。故选D。 92．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays more and more people are cycling in cities in China. According to a report by Mafengwo, a Chinese travel service app, the number of clicks about cycling went up by 108% during the past three years.”可知，正是因为越来越多的人对骑行感兴趣了，旅游网站软件点击量才高的。故选B。 93．细节理解题。根据“Chengdu has also set up 11 cycling routes called ‘Tianfu Greenway’.”可知，成都也建立了11条叫做“天府绿色通道”的骑行路线。故选A。 94．推理判断题。根据“For example, Beijing’s first route for cyclists was built in 2019. It is about 6.5 kilometers long from Huilongguan to Shangdi. By the end of 2022, there were about 12 cycling routes near the city’s rivers.”可知，北京建了多条骑行路线，对为骑行提供便利。故选C。 95．主旨大意题。根据“... cycling is a comfortable way to see the city now.”和“The best perfume we can use to taste our lives is the smell of nature”可知，骑行更便于发现城市之美。故选D。 Passage20（河南省濮阳市华龙区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） China is a country with a long history and special culture, so the change of clothing has a long history. There are many types of costume in Chinese history, such as cheongsam, Chinese Tang costume and Zhongshan costume. They are very famous and popular in the world. Nowadays more and more people begin to pay attention to another kind of costume — Hanfu. Hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It has a history of more than three thousand years. The Han people regard it as a very important part of their culture. According to the old story, the first person to wear Hanfu was Huangdi. His wife was said to be the first to know how to make silk, of which Hanfu was made. Since the Shang Dynasty, Hanfu has changed with the times. However, it still keeps its own styles. For example, Hanfu doesn’t have buttons (扣子), instead, it has a sash (腰带) for people to keep the clothes closed. And people usually overlap (使重叠) the right side of the clothes with the left side. Now many young Chinese people show great interest in Hanfu. They wear Hanfu on different occasions. Wearing Hanfu is a new fashion around the country as people’s hope for traditional Chinese culture has come back. 96．How many kinds of clothes are mentioned? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 97．The underlined word “it” refers to ________. A．Hanfu B．Chinese C．Han people D．Tang costume 98．Which paragraph shows what the style of Hanfu is? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4. 99．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．It’s a new fashion to wear Hanfu. B．The styles of Hanfu change with times. C．Hanfu was usually made of cotton. D．Old people were interested in silk clothing. 100．What’s the best title for the text? A．Types of Costume B．Young People in Hanfu C．Chinese Culture—Hanfu D．Changes of Chinese Dynasties 【答案】96．D 97．A 98．C 99．A 100．C 【导语】本文主要介绍中国的一种传统服饰——汉服。 96． 细节理解题。根据“There are many types of costume in Chinese history, such as cheongsam, Chinese Tang costume and Zhongshan costume.”和“Nowadays more and more people begin to pay attention to another kind of costume — Hanfu.”可知，一共提及四种服饰，分别是旗袍、唐装、中山装和汉服。故选D。 97．代词指代题。根据“Hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It has a history of more than three thousand years”可知，汉服是汉人的传统服饰。它有三千多年的历史，所以it指的是汉服，故选A。 98．主旨大意题。根据“However, it still keeps its own styles. For example, Hanfu doesn’t have buttons (扣子), instead, it has a sash (腰带) for people to keep the clothes closed.”可知，第三段介绍了汉服的风格，故选C。 99． 细节理解题。根据“Hanfu is a new fashion around the country as people’s hope for traditional Chinese culture has come back.”可知，穿汉服在全国各地成为一种新时尚。故选A。 100． 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍中国的一种传统服饰——汉服。故选C。 Passage21（河南省许昌市禹州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas, so people call it the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language. Qomolangma is very famous and it is higher than any other mountain in the world. Its newest height is 8848.86 meters. At the height of 8,000 meters, there is only 30% oxygen (氧气) , so it is dangerous for humans to climb higher. But many climbers want to challenge themselves. As Alan Amette, a mountain climber from America, said “Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself, and lets you find out whether you are strong enough in mind when you want to stop.” It’s a good thing that Qomolangma gives people a chance (机会) to become strong-willed (意志坚强的) when they are trying to achieve their dreams. However, such as water bottles and plastic (塑料的) bags. They cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. Many animals would die after eating the plastic bags, many volunteers from all over the world came to Qomolangma to join in the clean-up activity. A volunteer advised, “Mountain climbing lovers should always take good care of themselves, take good care of Qomolangma.” 101．What is the newest height of Qomolangma?  ________ A．8,000 meters. B．8,844.43 meters. C．8,848.84 meters. D．8,848.86 meters. 102．Why is it dangerous to climb at the height of 8,000 meters?  ________ A．Because there are many wild animals. B．Because it's easy to fall off the mountain. C．Because there is too much plastic pollution. D．Because the oxygen is not enough for people to breathe. 103．According to Alan's words, what will happen to you when you climb mountains?  ________ A．You need to be strong. B．You will be in great danger. C．You'll know better about yourself. D．You will be afraid of climbing mountains. 104．Which of the following is TRUE?  ________ A．Climbers should take good care of Qomolangma. B．Nobody helps with the pollution on Qomolangma. C．Animals cause pollution to Qomolangma. D．There is no pollution on Qomolangma now. 105．What’s the text mainly about?  ________ A．Himalayas. B．Qomolangma. C．Climbers. D．Environment. 【答案】101．D 102．D 103．C 104．A 105．B 【导语】本文介绍了人们攀登世界最高峰——珠穆朗玛峰的情况以及现在珠峰面临的环境污染的情况。 101． 细节理解题。根据“Its newest height is 8,848.86 meters.”可知，珠峰的最新高度是8848.86米。故选D。 102．细节理解题。根据“At the height of 8,000 meters, there is only 30% O2 and the human body can only stand this height for a few days, so it is dangerous for humans to climb higher.”可知，在8000米的高度，氧气含量只有30%，氧气不足以让人呼吸，所以人类再往上爬是危险的。故选D。 103． 推理判断题。根据“As Alan Arnette, a mountain climber from America, said ‘Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself, and lets you find out whether you are strong enough in mind when you want to stop.’”可知，Alan认为爬山会让你审视自己的内心深处，让你在想停下来的时候发现自己的内心是否足够强大，也就是说攀登珠峰会更好地了解自己。故选C。 104．细节理解题。根据“Mountain climbing lovers should always take good care of themselves, and at the same time, take good care of Qomolangma.”可知，登山者要爱护珠穆朗玛峰。故选A。 105．主旨大意题。根据“Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas, so people call it the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language.”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是围绕珠峰进行展开的，介绍人们攀登珠峰的情况以及现在珠峰面临的环境污染的情况。故选B。 Passage22（河南省许昌市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） We need to talk a lot with our friends and family to build good relationships(关系)in our life. How can we improve our talking skills? Here are four ways for you to learn. Never speak when the other person is speaking. If you do this, it’s just like saying, “I don’t care what you’re saying. What I have to say is more important.” Don’t finish other people’s words. Studies show that doing this will make people lose interest in talking with you because you’re taking control of the conversation(谈话). Repeat (重复) what the other person said. To show you have really understood someone, say what they have just said before you tell them your idea. △By looking at the other person in the eye, you are showing that you are interested in what they’re saying. This also helps you listen more carefully. 106．In order to improve our talking skills, how many ways are mentioned(提到)in this passage? ________ A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 107．When others are speaking, it’s better to ________. A．say something important B．look at the ground C．listen to them without speaking D．help them finish their words 108．What is the structure(结构)of the text?（Pl＝Paragraph 1…）________ A． B． C． D． 109．Repeating others’ words is a way to ________. A．keep the conversation going B．show your understanding C．show your ideas D．start a new talk 110．We can put ________ in △ in paragraph 5. A．Keep eye contact. B．Know your friends. C．Talk about hobbies. D．Use body language. 【答案】106．D 107．C 108．D 109．B 110．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何和人更好地谈话的几个方法。 106．细节理解题。根据“How can we improve our talking skills? Here are four ways for you to learn.”可知，本文介绍了四种提高谈话技巧的方法。故选D。 107．细节理解题。根据“Never speak when the other person is speaking. If you do this, it’s just like saying, ‘I don’t care what you’re saying. What I have to say is more important.’”可知，别人说话的时候，不要说话认真听会更好。故选C。 108．篇章结构题。根据“How can we improve our talking skills? Here are four ways for you to learn.”可知第一段引出文章话题，后面四段分别讲述四种方法，为总分结构。故选D。 109．细节理解题。根据“Repeat (重复) what the other person said. To show you have really understood someone, say what they have just said before you tell them your idea.”可知，重复别人的话能展示出你理解了他。故选B。 110．推理判断题。根据后文“By looking at the other person in the eye, you are showing that you are interested in what they’re saying.”可推知这个方法是关于眼神交流的。选项A符合题意，故选A。 Passage23（河南省许昌市襄城县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） The elephant is the biggest and strongest animal on land now, but on earth the biggest animal is the blue whale (鲸鱼). They live in the oceans around the world. Most blue whales can live for more than 80 years. But now, sadly, many whales are dying from one thing: plastic (塑料). Human beings use too much plastic. People are polluting the oceans. When you throw plastic away, it doesn’t just disappear. Over 90 percent of the world’s plastic doesn’t get recycled (循环). A lot of plastic ends up in the ocean. Most of the whales do not know the danger of plastic. They think it is food. But in fact, plastic is poisonous (有毒的). Last year, a whale died with 40 kilograms of plastic in his stomach. Worse still, whales can easily become entangled (缠住) in plastic in the ocean, such as waste fishing net s and rubbish. They can cause hurt. Whales have to spend lots of energy swimming with those heavy loads (负载). It’s important for us to protect blue whales. Please stop using too much plastic! Maybe one plastic bag or one coffee cup won’t make a big difference. However, when all the people all over the world start to use a little less plastic, it will make a huge difference to whales and, one day, to humans as well! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 111．A blue whale usually can live to be more than _______ years old. A．40 B．60 C．80 D．100 112．Many blue whales have plastic in their stomachs because _______. A．plastic is tasty B．plastic is poisonous C．they think it is food D．they know the danger of plastic 113．Human beings’ use of plastic does not _______. A．hurt sea animals B．pollute the sea C．lead to the deaths of many sea animals D．provide sea animals with more food 114．The writer hopes human beings _______. A．use a little less plastic B．learn more about blue whales C．get close to blue whales D．say no to whale meat 115．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．Blue whales are the biggest animals on earth. B．Over Ninety percent of the world’s plastic gets recycled. C．Sea animals may become caught in waste fishing nets. D．Human beings should stop using too much plastic. 【答案】111．C 112．C 113．D 114．A 115．B 【导语】本文主要讲述塑料污染对蓝鲸的危害。 111．细节理解题。根据“Most blue whales can live for more than 80 years.”可知，蓝鲸的寿命可超过80年。故选C。 112．细节理解题。根据“Most of the whales do not know the danger of plastic. They think it is food. But in fact, plastic is poisonous (有毒的). Last year, a whale died with 40 kilograms of plastic in his stomach.”可知，许多蓝鲸的胃里都有塑料，是因为蓝鲸把塑料误认为食物。故选C。 113．细节理解题。根据“They think it is food. But in fact, plastic is poisonous (有毒的).”可知，塑料有毒，不可食用。故选D。 114．推理判断题。根据“It’s important for us to protect blue whales. Please stop using too much plastic!”可知，作者希望人类少用一点塑料。故选A。 115．细节理解题。根据“Over 90 percent of the world’s plastic doesn’t get recycled (循环).”可知，世界上超过90%的塑料并没有被回收利用。故选B。 Passage24（河南省许昌市长葛市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Did you hear of ChatGPT? It is a language model chatbot (聊天机器人). It appeared in November, 2022. To people’s surprise, the number of its users (使用者) grew to more than one million just in one week! ChatGPT can write stories, songs and poems, translate (翻译) languages, and answer all kinds of questions. “It shocked the world,” computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang says, “people began to be afraid of losing their jobs.” However, with the wide use of ChatGPT, people have found one big problem — ChatGPT sometimes makes mistakes or even gives fake information. This means that ChatGPT can collect all kinds of information but it can’t tell what is true. As a result, thousands of scientific journals like science newspapers have banned (禁止) writers from using ChatGPT, worrying that the fake information from it will cause junk science. And according to the science news website Futurism, 89% of US college (大学) students used ChatGPT for their homework. “With it, they don’t need to think by themselves,” a teacher said. Seeing the harm on students’ learning, many schools have banned students from using ChatGPT. Should people use ChatGPT for scientific study or school homework? Yin Peixin, a student from Hubei says, “ChatGPT can help us learn and study better, but I don’t think we should depend on it too much, or we’ll learn nothing. And the robot doesn’t have any new or creative (创造性的) ideas. It’s necessary for us to keep learning and never stop exploring the world around us.” 116．Which picture can show the growth (增长) of the number of ChatGPT’s users in one week? A．B． C． D． 117．According to the passage, ChatGPT can ___________. ①draw pictures        ②translate languages    ③write stories ④cook fried rice        ⑤answer all kinds of questions A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③⑤ D．①③⑤ 118．What does the underlined word “fake” mean in Chinese? A．虚假的 B．真实的 C．过时的 D．危险的 119．Many schools banned using ChatGPT, because ___________. A．too many college students use it to find their jobs B．students use it to finish homework without thinking C．students can’t find any new or creative ideas from it D．students get wrong or even fake information from it 120．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The uses of ChatGPT in homework. B．The good sides and bad sides of ChatGPT. C．Teachers’ different ideas about ChatGPT. D．The ban on ChatGPT in science. 【答案】116．D 117．C 118．A 119．B 120．B 【导语】本文讨论了ChatGPT在教育领域中的使用情况，包括一些学校对其使用的担忧和禁止，以及学生对它的态度。 116．细节理解题。根据“To people’s surprise, the number of its users (使用者) grew to more than one million just in one week!”可知，令人惊讶的是，它的用户在短短一周内就超过了100万，故选D。 117．细节理解题。根据“ChatGPT can write stories, songs and poems, translate (翻译) languages, and answer all kinds of questions.”可知，ChatGPT可以写故事，歌曲和诗歌，翻译语言，并回答各种问题，故选C。 118．词义猜测题。根据“ChatGPT sometimes makes mistakes or even gives fake information. This means that ChatGPT can collect all kinds of information but it can’t tell what is true.”可知，ChatGPT有时会出错，甚至给出虚假信息，这意味着ChatGPT可以收集各种信息，但它不能分辨什么是真实的，单词“fake”指的是“虚假的”，故选A。 119．细节理解题。根据“89% of US college (大学) students used ChatGPT for their homework. ‘With it, they don’t need to think by themselves,’ a teacher said. Seeing the harm on students’ learning, many schools have banned students from using ChatGPT.”可知，有了ChatGPT，学生们就不需要自己思考了，所以许多学校禁止使用ChatGPT，故选B。 120．主旨大意题。根据“Did you hear of ChatGPT? It is a language model chatbot (聊天机器人) . It appeared in November, 2022.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍ChatGPT的优点和缺点，故选B。 Passage25（河南省漯河市临颍县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Miss Xin looks like an ancient (古代的) beauty from somewhere hundreds of years ago. She is wearing Hanfu or Han clothing. It was traditional Chinese clothing before Qing Dynasty (朝代). Hanfu has been the dress on important Chinese holidays such as the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival. But these days, Hanfu has become popular again thanks to (由于) the historical shows. It has stepped on the world stage. It has even found its way to the New York and Paris Fashion Week. Hanfu is one of the most important symbols of Chinese national culture. Today on the streets of big cities in China, you will see many girls in this beautiful dress. “Nowadays, more and more people are fascinated with wearing Hanfu as if it were their everyday clothing,” says Miss Xin. Experts (专家) say we should hold a national Hanfu Day. Now there have already been Hanfu festivals all over China. Miss Xin is happy to join in the festivals. Last October, she took part in Beijing Hanfu Festival. And in May, she joined in Chongqing’s first Hanfu festival. To Miss Xin, Hanfu is more than just a style of dress, but a way of life. “I think Hanfu has a special beauty. When I am wearing it, I feel I’ve returned to an ancient dynasty,” she says. “Whenever I put on Hanfu, I’ll have an elegant (优雅的) feeling.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 121．When did people dress in Hanfu in the past? A．After Qing Dynasty. B．When they fought in the war. C．On important Chinese holidays. D．When they did housework at home. 122．What does the underlined word “fascinated” mean in Paragraph 3? A．着迷 B．宠溺 C．无视 D．厌倦 123．How many Hanfu festivals has Miss Xin joined in? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 124．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Miss Xin can return to the ancient times when she wears Hanfu. B．Hanfu has never appeared in the New York and Paris Fashion Week. C．Hanfu has become popular again because of some historical shows. D．We’ll see few girls in Hanfu on the streets of big cities in China. 125．What’s the best title for the text? A．Chinese culture B．Hanfu festivals in China C．Miss Xin,a traditional girl D．Hanfu, more than a clothing style 【答案】121．C 122．A 123．B 124．C 125．D 【导语】本文主要介绍中国古代的一种服饰——汉服。 121．细节理解题。根据第二段“Hanfu has been the dress on important Chinese holidays such as the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival”可知，人们过去在重要的节日里才穿上汉服。故选C。 122．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Today on the streets of big cities in China, you will see many girls in this beautiful dress”和第三段“.. as if it were their everyday clothing”可知，在中国大城市的街道上，有许多女孩穿着汉服。如今，汉服仿佛是日常服装。由此推知越来越多人对汉服着迷，fascinated意为“着迷”。故选A。 123．推理判断题。根据第四段“Last October, she took part in Beijing Hanfu festival. And in May, she joined in Chongqing’s first Hanfu festival.”可知，她于去年10月份和今年5月份共参加了两次汉服节。故选B。 124．细节理解题。根据“But these days, Hanfu has become popular again thanks to the historical shows”可知，汉服再次流行起来，这要归功于历史题材的节目。故选C。 125．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍中国古代的一种服饰——汉服，汉服现在又重新回到人们的视野并流行起来。所以文章的最佳标题为“汉服，不仅仅是一种服装风格”。故选D。 Passage26（河南省漯河市舞阳县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Living things live in any environment where they can meet their needs. A living thing’s environment includes all the living and nonliving things in a place. They can get what they need from their environment. Their parts can also help them get what they need. Most plants need the same things to live. They need water, light, food and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). There are carbon dioxide in the air. They must get all these things in their environment. Most plants have roots, stems and leaves. Each part of a plant helps it to live. Roots get water and food from the ground, Stems carry food and water through the plant. Leaves get sunlight and carbon dioxide. Animals also need many different things to live. They need water, food for energy, and oxygen (氧气) from the air or water. An animal’s body parts help it to live in its environment. Legs or wings (翅膀) help it move. Teeth or beaks (鸟嘴) help it eat. Many animals have lungs to get oxygen from the air. Fish use gills (腮) to get oxygen from water. Other animal parts help keep them safe. They might also use their parts to help build homes. For example, birds use their beaks to build their homes. That’s how plants and animals get what they need. It’s true that there is a close relationship (关系) between living things and their environment. Plants and animals are great. They all have their own way to get what they need. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 126．What can help most animals live in their environment? A．Water. B．Food. C．Their body. D．Legs or wings. 127．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the second paragraph? A．Most things. B．Most plants. C．Most leaves. D．Most animals. 128．What functions (功能) do the birds’ beaks have according to the third paragraph?  　   　 a. eating food b. flying c. building homes d. breathing air A．a；c B．a；d C．b；c D．b；d 129．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 130．What does the text mainly talk about? A．How plants grow. B．How animals use their body parts. C．How important the environment is. D．How plants and animals get what they need. 【答案】126．C 127．B 128．A 129．C 130．D 【导语】本文讲述了植物和动物如何得到它们所需要的东西。 126．细节理解题。根据“An animal’s body parts help it to live in its environment.”可知，物的身体部位有助于它在环境中生存。故选C。 127．代词指代题。根据“Most plants need the same things to live. They need water, light, food and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳).”可知，大多数植物都需要同样的东西来生存。它们需要水、光、食物和二氧化碳。所以They指的是大多数植物，故选B。 128．细节理解题。根据“Teeth or beaks (鸟嘴) help it eat.”和“For example, birds use their beaks to build their homes.”可知，鸟嘴可以用来吃食物和建造家园。故选A。 129．篇章结构题。通读全文可知, 文章第一段主要讲述了生物的身体部分也可以帮助它们获取所需的东西；第二段和第三段主要讲述了植物和动物的身体部分如何帮助它们生存；第四段总结： 植物和动物都有自己的方式去得到它们需要的东西。故选C。 130．主旨大意题。根据“That’s how plants and animals get what they need.”以及阅读全文可知，本文讲述了植物和动物如何得到它们所需要的东西。故选D。 Passage27（河南省南阳市邓州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） What type of shark is the slowest? The slowest shark in the world is the Greenland shark. It lives in very cold waters near the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean. In these icy waters, the Greenland shark swims only about one mile per hour. That is slower than many human swimmers! The fastest shark, the shortfin mako shark, can swim up to 45 miles per hour. Why is the Greenland shark so slow? Scientists think that it all has to do with their cold water home. When fish are in cold water, their bodies slow down. Their bodies become cold and their muscles (肌肉) cannot work as well. They cannot move as fast as they can in warm water. Human beings do not experience this because our bodies stay warm even in cold weather. The Greenland shark is also the one that lives the longest. In fact, Greenland sharks don’t even become full adults until they are about 150 years old! Scientists have learned that they live about 500 years. How can Greenland sharks live so long? These sharks eat small amounts (数量) of food for their size. A Greenland shark weighing 500 pounds would need less than 7 ounces every day! That is less than half a pound of food. They need small amounts of food because they use up energy very slowly. The way we use up energy from food is called metabolism (新陈代谢). Greenland sharks have a very slow metabolism. Animals with slow metabolisms usually live longer. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 131．How does the writer lead into the topic? A．By giving a saying. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By sending a message. 132．Why does the writer mention the fastest shark in Paragraph 1? A．To show how slow the Greenland shark is. B．To introduce the fastest shark. C．To make the passage more interesting. D．To show different kinds of sharks. 133．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Where the Greenland shark lives. B．When the Greenland sharks become adults. C．Why the Greenland shark is the slowest. D．Why the Greenland shark lives the longest. 134．What is the theme of this text? A．Nature. B．Culture. C．Education. D．Sports. 135．What may be the best title? A．The Cold Weather in the Arctic Ocean B．The Speed of the Greenland Shark C．The Oldest and Longest Shark D．The Slowest and the Most Long-lived Shark 【答案】131．C 132．A 133．D 134．A 135．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了格陵兰鲨的速度慢的特点及它长寿的原因。 131．推理判断题。根据第一段“What type of shark is the slowest? The slowest shark in the world is the Greenland shark.”可知，本文开头通过提出“最慢的鲨鱼是哪一种？”这一问题而引入话题的。故选C。 132．推理判断题。根据第一段“In these icy waters, the Greenland shark swims only about one mile per hour. That is slower than many human swimmers! The fastest shark, the shortfin mako shark, can swim up to 45 miles per hour.”可知，通过介绍了最快的鲨鱼短鳍灰鲭鲨的游速，来突出格陵兰鲨的速度很慢。故选A。 133．段落大意题。根据第四段“How can Greenland sharks live so long?”可知，本句“格陵兰鲨如何长寿的”是本段的中心句，下文阐述了它长寿的原因。故选项D“格陵兰鲨为什么活得最长”概括了第四段的重要大意。故选D。 134．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了格陵兰鲨的速度慢的特点及它长寿的原因。故这篇文章的主题是与自然有关。故选A。 135．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了格陵兰鲨的速度慢的特点及它长寿的原因。故最佳标题为：最慢、最长寿的鲨鱼。故选D。 Passage28（河南省南阳市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） In many countries, there are traditional clothes that people wear for special occasions. The UK has four different parts—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Each part has its own special traditional clothes. In some traditional activities in Scotland, Kilts (短褶裙) worn by men are still popular. And small bags are popular with Scottish men because they’re easy to carry money and personal things. Scottish women wear a tartan (格子呢) skirt with a blouse. In Wales, many women wear a long dress during special festivals. And they wear tall and black hats. Welsh men haven’t got special clothes for festivals and they often wear old-fashioned trousers. In Northern Ireland, traditional Irish step dancing is popular. For their performances (表演), women and girls usually wear a short dress so that they can kick up their feet quickly and easily. Men and boys usually wear simple clothes to dance, such as black trousers, shirts and colorful jackets. There are also some special clothing styles in different areas of England. For example, in the north of England, flat caps (平顶帽) are popular among men. In the south of England, straw hats are popular among women, especially during the summer months. They are often decorated (装饰) with flowers. In a word, the UK has rich traditional clothing styles, and each of them has its own special history and culture meaning. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 136．Why do Scottish men like to carry small bags? A．Because they match with clothes. B．Because they are simple and beautiful. C．Because they can help kick up people's feet quickly. D．Because they help people to carry money and personal things. 137．Where do women and girls usually wear short dresses according to the text? A．In England. B．In Scotland. C．In Northern Ireland. D．In Wales. 138．Match the information according to the text. a. Scottish men                         ①Flat caps b. Men in Northern Ireland        ②Kilts c. Men in the north of England     ③Black trousers A．a———②;b——③;c————① B．a——②;b——①;c——③ C．a——③;b——②;c——① D．a——①;b——③;c——② 139．What does the underlined word “they” refer to (指代)? A．Men. B．Women. C．Straw hats. D．Flat caps. 140．What’s the best title for the text? A．Traditional activities in Scotland B．Traditional clothes in the UK C．Different clothes for different occasions D．History and culture of the UK 【答案】136．D 137．C 138．A 139．C 140．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国不同地区的传统服饰。 136．细节理解题。根据第二段“And small bags are popular with Scottish men because they’re easy to carry money and personal things.”可知，苏格兰男人喜欢小包，因为小包便于携带钱和个人物品。故选D。 137．细节理解题。根据第四段“For their performances (表演), women and girls usually wear a short dress so that they can kick up their feet quickly and easily. ”可知，在北爱尔兰，妇女和女孩通常穿短裙。故选C。 138．细节理解题。根据第二段“In some traditional activities in Scotland, Kilts (短褶裙) worn by men are still popular. ”、“Men and boys usually wear simple clothes to dance, such as black trousers, shirts and colorful jackets.”以及“For example, in the north of England, flat caps (平顶帽) are popular among men. ”可知，在苏格兰，男士穿短褶裙；在北爱尔兰，男士穿黑裤子、衬衫和夹克衫；在英国北部，男士经常戴平顶帽。故a———②; b——③; c————①；故选A。 139．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“In the south of England, straw hats are popular among women, especially during the summer months. They are often decorated (装饰) with flowers.”可知，在英格兰南部的夏天，草帽在女性中很受欢迎，草帽经常被装饰上花。故they指代“草帽”。故选C。 140．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国不同地区的传统服饰。故最佳标题为：英国的传统服饰。故选B。 Passage29（河南省南阳市桐柏县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Almost every Chinese person can recite the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work (谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).” But sadly, many of us don’t actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste food. A CCTV program, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Program, there were 828 million hungry people around the world in 2023, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year. Chinese people are well known for being hospitable (好客的) and generous (慷慨的). Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table. Fortunately, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. Last November, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, got fired (开除) because she took some left over food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and agreed that it was not right to waste food. What should we do in our daily life to waste less food? Here are some tips: a. Do not order (点) too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest ofit home. b. Don’ be too picky (挑剔的) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it. c. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit. d. Don’t leave any food in your bowls while you finish having meals. 141．According to News One Plus One, Chinese people ________. A．save enough food to feed 200 million people for a year B．throw away lots of food every year C．get enough food to feed millions of people every year D．have to feed 200 million hungry people every year 142．From the third paragraph, we know that ________. A．we have too much food to feed people in the world B．there were 828 million people in developing countries C．because of hunger, six million children die every year D．there are only a few people getting hungry every year 143．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “left over” in Chinese? A．美味的 B．吃剩的 C．遗留的 D．不受人喜欢的 144．What should we do to save food in our daily life? A．Eat some food that your body needs although it doesn’t taste great. B．We should order much food in a restaurant to show we are hospitable and generous. C．We should only keep an eye on the food we like. D．We should not eat vegetables and fruit. 145．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Eat all the food you order. B．Leave some food in your bowls while finishing meals. C．Don’t be picky about food. D．Don’t waste food. 【答案】141．B 142．C 143．B 144．A 145．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了世界上的粮食短缺问题，并给出了节约粮食的建议，从而告诉我们不要浪费粮食。 141．细节理解题。根据“the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.”可知，中国人每年浪费了很多粮食。故选B。 142．细节理解题。根据“Six million children die of hunger every year.”可知，每年有600万儿童死于饥饿。故选C。 143．词义猜测题。根据“a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. Last November, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, got fired (开除) because she took some left over food home for her son.”可知，很多人已经意识到了节约粮食的重要性，因此可知，餐厅服务员李红是将餐厅的剩菜带回家给她儿子，划线单词表示“吃剩的”。故选B。 144．细节理解题。根据“Don’ be too picky (挑剔的) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it.”可知，我们应该吃一些虽然不好吃但是身体需要的食物。故选A。 145．最佳标题题。根据“But sadly, many of us don’t actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste food.”可知，本文主要是告诉我们不要浪费粮食。故选D。 Passage30（河南省南阳市内乡县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Qingming Festival (Tomb Sweeping Day) is a traditional Chinese festival for families to pay respect（尊敬） to their ancestors. People visit their ancestors’ grave sites and offer food, drinks and flowers. The festival falls on April the fourth this year. There are some Chinese poems that offer clues to Chinese history and culture through ancient expressions. Here we look at one of the classic poems in the history of Chinese literature: In China, around the time of Qingming Festival, there is more rain. The poet is traveling far away from home on these rainy days. The rain and lonely walks lead to the separation of the soul and body, which adds a sad mood to this poem.The writer, Du Mu describes a rainy scene in a village in the first two lines. Then in the last two lines, the poet wants to find a place to take a rest, drink some wine（酒） and get rid of the sad mood. Where can I find a good tavern? In the last line, a cowherd points to a direction, which vividly depicts（生动描绘） two people looking far ahead on the rainy day. Mourning DayDrizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day,The mourner's heart is going to break on his way. Where can a wineshop be found to drown his sad hours? A cowherd points to a cot amid apricot flowers. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong, Chinese translator) In this poem, Du Mu presents a village with apricot flowers around as the direction of the tavern. He doesn’t describe its details on a rainy day but leaves it to the readers’ imagination. Qingming is not only a sad festival, but can also be a happy time for people to enjoy the spring and get closer to nature in an outing. Trees are green and flowers are blooming, so it’s a good time to be outside. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 146．The Chinese title of this poem is ________. A．《清明》 B．《咏柳》 C．《春望》 D．《秋思》 147．The weather on Qingming Festival is always ________. A．snowy B．windy C．cold D．rainy 148．The writer wants to find a place to ________. A．make friends B．eat some food C．drink some wine D．buy a raincoat 149．A cowherd may means ________. A．a boy sits on the cow B．a place where the cow lives C．a person who herds the cow D．a place where the cow eats grass 150．We can ________ on Qingming Festival according to the writer. A．offer food, drinks and flowers to old people B．pay respect to our ancestors and enjoy the spring C．feel sad all day and drink some wine with family D．find a beautiful place with a lot of flowers around 【答案】146．A 147．D 148．C 149．C 150．B 【分析】文章介绍了有关清明节的起源和中国文化以及有关清明节的古诗等。 146．推理判断题。根据“In China, around the time of Qingming Festival, there is more rain...Du Mu describes a rainy scene in a village in the first two lines.”可知，这首诗是描述清明的景象，中文名是《清明》，故选A。 147．推理判断题。根据“In China, around the time of Qingming Festival, there is more rain.”可知，清明节的天气雨水很多，故选D。 148．细节理解题。根据“Then in the last two lines, the poet wants to find a place to take a rest, drink some wine”可知，作者想要找个地方喝点酒，故选C。 149．词义猜测题。根据“In the last line, a cowherd points to a direction, which vividly depicts（生动描绘） two people looking far ahead on the rainy day.”以及图片提示可知，cowherd指的是放牛的人，故选C。 150．细节理解题。根据“Qingming Festival (Tomb Sweeping Day) is a traditional Chinese festival for families to pay respect（尊敬） to their ancestors.”以及“Qingming is not only a sad festival, but can also be a happy time for people to enjoy the spring and get closer to nature in an outing.”可知，清明不仅是一个悲伤的节日，也可以是一个快乐的时间，让人们享受春天，亲近大自然的郊游。故选B。 Passage31（河南省商丘市永城市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Do you know what Oxfam is? It is the short form for the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief. It is an international organization to help the poor all over the world. Oxfam was started in 1942 in England during World War Ⅱ to provide relief for war victims (受害者) in Europe. When the war was over, Oxfam continued its work, sending materials and money to the poor all around Europe. Twenty-eight years later, a group of volunteers founded (成立) Oxfam America. It first came out in Washington, DC, and then in 1973 Oxfam America moved to Boston. In England, Oxfam organizes many charity activities every year to raise money. It also runs many charity shops. The shops receive things donated by people and sell them to those who need them. The money from the sales will be used to help the homeless and the poor in different parts of the world. Oxfam Hong Kong is a member of Oxfam International. It helps poor people regardless of (不顾) race, sex (性别), religion or politics. Every year Oxfam Hong Kong organizes Oxfam trailwalkers (乐施毅行者) to collect money for the poor in Hong Kong and some other areas in the world. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 151．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving numbers.B．By telling a story.C．By showing a picture. D．By asking a question. 152．What is Oxfam? A．An international hospital. B．A tool of raising money. C．An international organization. D．A member of a charity. 153．Where did Oxfam America come out first? A．In Boston. B．In Washington, DC．C．In New York. D．In Chicago. 154．How did the charity shops help the homeless and the poor? A．By selling all kinds of new things. B．By recycling some old bottles. C．By selling something donated by people. D．By reducing the cost of the charity shops. 155．What’s the structure of the text? A．①/②③④ B．①②③/④ C．①②/③④ D．①/②③/④ 【答案】151．D 152．C 153．B 154．C 155．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了乐施会的发展史。 151．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you know what Oxfam is?”可知，作者通过一个问题来开始这篇文章。故选D。 152．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is an international organization to help the poor all over the world.”可知，乐施会是一个国际组织。故选C。 153．细节理解题。根据第三段“Twenty-eight years later, a group of volunteers founded (成立) Oxfam America. It first came out in Washington, DC...”可知，美国乐施会首先出现在华盛顿哥伦比亚特区。故选B。 154．细节理解题。根据第三段“It also runs many charity shops. The shops receive things donated by people and sell them to those who need them. The money from the sales will be used to help the homeless and the poor in different parts of the world.”可知，慈善商店通过出售人们捐赠的东西来帮助无家可归者和穷人。故选C。 155．篇章结构题。第一段用于引出“乐施会”这个话题，为第一部分；第二、三、四段分别讲述了乐施会的发展史，为第二部分。故选A。 Passage32（河南省商丘市虞城县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） Have you ever heard of Yongchuan in Chongqing? It’s in the eastern part of Chongqing. Many people didn’t know it well in the past. However, it’s getting popular these days. Yongchuan has been the first to offer a fully driverless taxi service in China. There’re many pickup stations near schools, hospitals, communities (社区) and office buildings. People can call a driverless taxi by placing an order on their smartphones and then wait at the nearest pickup station. In a few minutes, a white car will stop at the station. There’s a screen on the car window. People need to enter (输入) the last four numbers of their mobile phones on the screen to get into the car. Yongchuan is famous for not only its driverless taxi but also its ancient town Songji. It’s in the south of Yongchuan. The government there has repaired the old buildings and roads. Also, it has worked hard to preserve the historical and cultural heritage (遗产) to make sure it’s in good condition. Wang Peng, an old pingshu (storytelling) artist, has always tried to make Songji famous. He works as a pingshu artist in a teahouse and has lived in Songji for over 40 years. He always introduces Songji first before telling a story. He hopes tourists can get to know the town better. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 156．What do we know about Yongchuan? A．It’s in the north of Chongqing. B．It’s the most popular place in Chongqing. C．People can enjoy a fully driverless taxi service there. D．The government will build more pickup stations there. 157．What’s the third paragraph mainly about? A．How people take a driverless taxi. B．What people think of the driverless taxi. C．Why people choose to take the driverless taxi. D．How a driverless taxi is different from other taxis. 158．What does the underlined word “preserve” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Accept. B．Record. C．Improve. D．Protect. 159．What can we learn from the text? A．There’s only driverless taxi service in Yongchuan. B．Passengers can wait for a driverless taxi at their workplace. C．Wang Peng mainly tells pingshu in the ancient town Songji. D．Wang Peng always tells a story before introducing Songji. 160．What’s the best title for the text? A．A famous pingshu artist B．Yongchuan—a great place to visit C．A wonderful tour in Songji D．Great changes in Yongchuan 【答案】156．C 157．A 158．D 159．C 160．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了重庆永川的相关信息。 156．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Yongchuan has been the first to offer a fully driverless taxi service in China.”可知，永川率先提供无人驾驶出租车服务。故选C。 157．主旨大意题。根据“People can call a driverless taxi by placing an order on their smartphones and then wait at the nearest pickup station.”可知，本段主要讲述如何乘坐无人驾驶出租车。故选A。 158．词句猜测题。根据文中的句子“The government there has repaired the old buildings and roads.”以及划线词所在句中的目的状语“to make sure it’s in good condition.”可猜测，政府是在努力保护历史和文化遗产，所以划线词“preserve”的意思是：保护。故选D。 159．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Wang Peng, an old pingshu (storytelling) artist, has always tried to make Songji famous… He always introduces Songji first before telling a story.”可知，王鹏主要讲述的是宋吉古镇的评书。故选C。 160．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了重庆永川地区，该地区不仅拥有无人驾驶的出租车服务，还有著名的松溉古镇，因此是一个旅游的好地方。故选B。 Passage33（河南省商丘市柘城县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末 ） The Forbidden City can always take its visitors’ breath away. This year, the world’s largest wooden palace is more than 600 years old! Do you know who made it? In 1406, when the Ming Yongle Emperor decided to move the country’s capital from Nanjing to Beijing, he started to build a palace in Beijing. It took about a million workers 14 years to finish it. Materials like Nanmu and stones were sent from all over China to Beijing. Nanmu, the most valuable Chinese wood, was used to make huge wooden pillars (柱子). People could only find it deep in forests over 1,800 km away from Beijing. Workers had to float the wood on rivers all the way north to Beijing. Stones were also transported to the palace. The heaviest stone in the Forbidden City is about 250 tons. It was so heavy that people could only move it during winter. They poured water onto the road to create ice. Then thousands of workers pulled the stone on the ice to the palace. As one of China’s largest palaces, the Forbidden City is a must-see for all visitors. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 161．When did the workers finish building the palace? A．In 1406. B．In 1410. C．In 1416. D．In 1420. 162．What does the underlined word “Materials” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．木头 B．石头 C．材料 D．建筑 163．Why did the workers move the stones to Beijing in winter? A．Because the workers could find heavy stones easily in winter. B．Because icy roads helped them move the stones. C．Because stones became much smaller and lighter in winter. D．Because the Yongle Emperor asked them to move them in winter. 164．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The workers were so happy to build the palace. B．The palace is famous for the heavy stones. C．Winter is the best season to visit the palace. D．It was difficult to build the palace at that time. 165．Where can we possibly read the passage? A．In a travel guide. B．In a history textbook. C．In a geographic magazine. D．In a storybook. 【答案】161．D 162．C 163．B 164．D 165．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界最大的木制宫殿——紫禁城的历史和建造过程。 161．细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1406, when the Ming Yongle Emperor decided to move the country’s capital from Nanjing to Beijing, he started to build a palace in Beijing. It took about a million workers 14 years to finish it.”可知，这座宫殿于1406年开始建造，花了14年才建成，由此可知，这座宫殿是1420年完工的。故选D。 162．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Materials like Nanmu and stones were sent from all over China to Beijing.”可知，楠木和石头属于建筑材料。由此猜测，划线的Materials是“材料”的意思。故选C。 163．细节理解题。根据第四段“It was so heavy that people could only move it during winter. They poured water onto the road to create ice. Then thousands of workers pulled the stone on the ice to the palace.” 可知，工人们在冬天搬运石头到北京，是因为结冰的道路能够帮助他们搬运石头。故选B。 164．推理判断题。根据第四段“Materia$$