考点清单02 选必二Unit1～Unit 5 (重点单词变形、词组、句型和范文）- 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019）

2024-2025学年高二年级下学期末考点大串讲（人教版2019） 专题02 重点单词变形、词组及用法 选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 一．词性转换 1. severe adj.极为恶劣的;严重的(=serious);严厉的→severely adv.严重地;严厉地;严格地 形近词:persevere vi.坚忍,坚持→perseverance n.坚持不懈 2. contradictory(=contrary) adj.矛盾的;对立的(to);不一致的(=inconsistent) →contradict v.反驳;驳斥;相矛盾;相反→contradiction n.不一致,矛盾,对立 3. infect vt.使感染;传染→infection n.感染;传染→infectious adj.传染性的;有感染力的(smile,speech)→infected adj.带细菌的;感染了病菌的(with) come down with=be infected with…=contract vaccine n.疫苗;痘苗→vaccinate vt.给…接种疫苗 virus n.病毒→viral adj.病毒性的 go viral像病毒一样传播,走红 4. proof n.证据;证明;检验→prove v.证明/实;最终显现为(=turn out);展现 approve vi.赞成;同意vt.批准→approval n.→disapprove(=disagree=reject=oppose) vi.不赞成 5. multiple adj.数量多的;多种多样的→ multiply v.乘;乘以;成倍/迅速增加;使繁/增殖 talent(=gift) n.才华,人才→talented(=gifted)adj.有才化的 6. pure adj.纯的;纯粹的;干净的→purely adv.仅仅;完全→purity n.纯洁(=innocence);纯净;纯粹→purify v.使洁净;洗涤(思想);净化;提纯;精炼 7. initial(反:ultimate) adj.最初的;开始的;第一的→initially(反:ultimately)adv.开始;最初;起初→initiative n.倡议;新方案→initiate vt.开始,创始;发起 8. mechanic n.机械师;机械修理工;力学;机械学→mechanical adj.机械的;发动机的;机器的 machine n.器材 9. defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解→defenc(s)e n.防御;保卫;防御物→defensive adj.防御的;保护的;怀有戒心的 promise v./n.承诺,保证 10. assistant n.助手→assist v.帮/协助→assistance n.帮助;支持 statistics n.数据=data raw meat生肉 raw material原材料 11. astronomer n.天文学家→astronomy n.天文学 shadow n.影子v.遮蔽 shallow adj.浅的;肤浅的 swallow v.吞咽;吞没;忍受n.燕子;一次吞咽的量 12. subscribe vi.订阅;签署;订/认购;赞成;捐助→subscription n. subscribe to 订阅;同意;捐款 形近词:describe v.描述→description n.描述 13. frustrate v.使沮丧(=disappoint);挫败→frustration n.沮丧;挫败→frustrated adj.挫败的;失意的 transform v.改变→transformation n.改变 14. mission n.使命,任务 missile n.导弹 concrete adj.具体的(=specific);有形的n.混凝土 abstract adj.抽象的;深奥的n.摘要;抽象vt.提取;摘要 15. steady=stable adj.稳定的;稳固的 多亏,幸亏…thanks to… 因为…owing to=due to=on account of=as a result of=because of 16. decrease n./v.减少/小(=reduce=lessen=decline) increase v./n.增加 fault n.故障,弱点,过错→faulty adj.有错误的→faultless(=flawless) adj.完美的,无缺点的 17. suspect n.嫌疑犯vt.怀疑 suspicious adj.怀疑的 dull=boring 无聊/枯燥的 regret n./v.遗憾,后悔→regretful adj.后悔的→regrettable adj.可叹/惜的 review/revise: 18. interpret vt.理解;解释(=explain) vt./vi.口译→interpretation n. 解释,说明;诠释(加ation)→ interpreter n.口译工作者;口译译员 19. reveal v.揭示,透露;表明→revealing adj.透露真情的;有启迪的;袒胸露肩的 exposure n.暴露;揭发→expose vt.使曝光;揭露 暴露于… be exposed to… 20. except vt.把…除外;免除prep.除…外→exception n.例外→exceptional adj.杰出的;例外的→exceptionally adv.例外地,非常 21. account n.账户;记/描述,报道vi.解释;说明vt.认为→accountant n.会计→accountable(=responsible)adj.负有责任的 是…的原因,解释,占比:account for… 因为… on account of 22. appropriate(=suitable=proper=fit) adj.合适的→inappropriate adj.不合适的 和介词for搭配 形近词:approach v/n.接/近;接洽,着手处理;方法途径 23 .approve vi.赞成;同意 approximate adj近似的,大约的 v.近似,接近 appreciate vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值→appreciation n.欣赏;感激;感谢 24. significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的→significance n．意义；含义；重要性 be significant=be of significance significant increase 显著的进步 25. reflect vt.显示;反映;反射→reflection n.映像;思考;反映 反思…：reflect on/upon… 26. origin n.起源;起因;出身→original adj.原来的;最初的n.原作→originally adv.原来;起初 intervene vi.干预/涉;调解;干扰,阻碍→intervention n.介入,干涉,干预 27. major adj.主要的;主修的;重要的;较多的(→majority n.多数) n.成年人主修科目;主修科目的人 v.主修 大多数…the majority of… 二．高频短语 1.once and for all　　最终地；彻底地 2.in general总的来说；从总体上看 3.subscribe to同意；赞同；订阅 4.be to blame负有责任 5.thanks to幸亏；由于 6.break out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 7.in charge of主管；掌管 8.under one's leadership在某人的领导下 9.come down患(病)；染上(小病) 10.above all最重要的是；尤其是 11.have an impact on对……有影响 12.in the early 19th century十九世纪初 13.die from the disease死于疾病 14.be more likely to get cholera更有可能得霍乱 15.through one's tireless efforts通过某人不懈的努力 16.switch his major to aviation转学航空专业 17.become a pioneer in...成为……的先驱 18.overcome some difficulties克服一些困难 19.receive a hero's welcome受到英雄般的欢迎 20.take on the challenge接受挑战 21.launch its first man­made satellite发射第一颗人造卫星 22.an outstanding and creative scientist一位杰出而有创造力的科学家 23.have a vivid imagination有丰富的想象力 三 必背教材原句 1. As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.( “特殊疑问词+不定式”结构) 由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰·斯诺医生很沮丧。 2. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.( so...that...引导结果状语从句) 他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。 3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. (It seems/seemed+that从句好像……，似乎……) 该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。 4. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. 与饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。 5. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. (Predicative Clause) 一种看法是空气污染引发。 6. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.( Predicative Claus) 事情的真相是宽街水泵抽上来的水被废弃物污染了。 四 写作部分 【写作高频词汇积累】 1.be born in 出生于 2. have/show a passion for酷爱；对……有强烈的兴趣 3. be talented in...在……方面有天赋 4. graduate from从某大学毕业 5. take up a position as做…工作 6. devote oneself/entire life to...把…奉献给… 7. play a crucial role in起关键性作用 8. strong will and determination坚定的决心 9. achieve great success in...在…获得巨大的成功 10. make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事 11.earn sb a good reputation为某人赢得好名声 12.think highly of高度评价 13.make great contributions to做出巨大贡献 14.be awarded...被授予…… 15.be known/famous as作为……而闻名 16.set a good example树立好榜样 17.deserve our admiration and respect值得我们崇拜和尊重 【高频写作句子积累】 引人入胜的开头 1. When he was a boy, he showed a passion for maths.他小的时候，就酷爱数学。 2. Born in ... on ..., ... is one of the best ... in China. 出生于...,...是中国最好的...。 3.The person I admire most is... 我最敬佩的人是...。 4.Of all the outstanding people, I admire ...the most. 在所有杰出的人中，我最敬佩的是...。 5. There are many respectable people around us. The one who I admire most is.... 我们身边有许多值得尊敬的人，我最钦佩的是...。 文章主体 1. After graduation from…., he/she spend most of his /her time in doing/on…...毕业后，他/她花费大量的时间...。 2. In order to ..., he made up his mind to do...为了...，他下定决心...。 3. With strong will and great determination, he achieve the great success in...具有坚定的决心，他在...取得了巨大的成功。 4. Despite many difficulties, he/she managed to overcome them.尽管有许多困难，他/她成功地克服了。 5. He/She put his/her heart into …and made great contributions to…他/她投入到...而且对...做出了巨大的贡献。 文章结尾 1. As a great...，he/she will be remembered by us forever.作为...，我们永远记得他/她。 2. It is his determination that inspires me to go on when I have difficulty in learning. 我在学习上有困难时，正是他的决心鼓舞我继续前行。 3. Having set a great example for us, he is an excellent person who fully deserves our admiration and respect. 他为我们树立了好的榜样，是真正值得我们欣赏和尊敬的人。 【必背范文】 When it comes to the person I admire most, I think of Yuanlongping, who is regarded as the father of hybrid rice. Born in1930, Yuan Longping had a passion for swimming at an early age. After graduation, he committed himself to agricultural research in Hunan, breeding the hybrid rice successfully in 1975. Not only did he make numerous contributions to solving the problem of world hunger, but also inspired more people to join him. In 2019, he was awarded to the Medal of the Republic for his outstanding contributions to the hybrid rice breeding. On 22 May 2021, Yuan passed away, and our whole country mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. The reason why I admire him is that his dedication to work and to people sets me an good example, which truly inspires me to become a person like him in the future. 选择性必修二 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 一．词性转换 1. quality n.质量;品质→qualify vt.＆vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格→qualified adj.符合资格的→qualification n.资格;学历 胜任…be qualified for… 2. ambition n.野心;抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的;有雄心的 胜任做某事:be equal/up to doing sth.=be qualified to do sth. 3. adapt v.适应;调节(=adjust);改编→adaptation n.适应;改编本(加ation)→adaptive adj.适应的→adaptable adj.能适应的 adopt vt.收养(a child);采用[(=employ)a method]→adoption n.采用;收养;接受(加ion)→adoptive adj.采用的;有收养关系的 养女:adopted daughter 4. comfort n.安慰;舒服(反:discomfort)vt.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的;安逸的(=cozy)→comfortably adv.舒服地→ uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 5. participate vi.参加→participation n.参加→participant n.参与者 从事/参与…participate in=engage in=get/be involved in anticipate v.预期,预料;预见→anticipation n.预期 vt.记住,回忆recall=remember=memorize n.顾问advisor =consultant 6. present adj.现在/存的;在场的(反义词:absent)→presence n.出席(反义词:absence);参加;存在 in one’s presence 某人在场 v.颁发;提交;展现→presentation n.报告;展示;拿出 把某物赠送/呈现/颁发/呈献/提交给某人:present sb. with sth. n.礼物;现在 at present 现在 choose v.选择→choice n.选择(=option=selection=alternative) choose-chose-chosen represent v.代表,象征→representative adj.有代表性的 n.代表(人) 7. engage vi.参加/与(活动)vt.吸引→engaged adj.忙于;已订婚的;被占用的→engagement n.订婚;约定;预约 8. motivate vt.成为···的动机;激发;激励(=encourage)→motivation n.动力;积极性;动机→motivated adj.积极的;主动的 9. expect(=anticipate=predict) v.预料;预期;期待→expectation n.期望;预期;期待→expectant adj.期待的 be expected to do预期做某事 10. applicant n.申请人→apply v.申请,使用;涂→application n.申请;申请书;应用;涂抹 apply to…适用于… 把A用于B:apply A to B 11. firm n.公司adj.结实/牢固的(=solid);坚定的→firmly adv.结实/牢固地;坚定地 cancel=call off 取消 put off/delay/postpone doing sth.延迟做某事 12. expose vt.使接触;使暴露于→exposure n.接触;暴露;揭露→exposed adj.无保护的;暴露的 be exposed to (doing) sth.暴露于… reveal v.揭示,透露;表明→revealing adj.透露真情的;有启迪的;袒胸露肩的 音近词:review=revise 复习 13. behave vt.表现 vi./vt.表现得体;有礼貌→behavior n.行为;表现;(生物的)习性 14. surround vt.围绕;(使)包围,围住→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.[pl.]环境;周围的事物 被…包围be surrounded by/with 15. optimistic adj.乐观的(反:pessimistic)→optimist n.乐观主义者;乐观的人(反:pessimist)→optimism n.乐观主义(反:pessimism) 16. competence n.能力;胜利;本领→competent adj.有能力的;称职的 胜任某事 be competent/qualified for sth. be competent to do=be capable of doing 胜任做某事 17. cooperate vi.合作;配合→cooperation n.合作;协作→cooperative adj.合作的;同心协力的→cooperator n.合作者 18. sincerely adv.真诚地;诚实地→sincere adj.真诚的(=heartfelt);诚实的→sincerity n.诚意;真挚;纯粹 expense n.花费,代价→expensive adj.昂贵的 19. logic n.逻辑→logical adj.合乎逻辑的→logically adv.合乎逻辑地→illogical adj.不合乎逻辑的→illogically adv.不合乎逻辑地 20. reason n.理由,原因v.推理;思考→reasonable adj.合理的 drama n.戏剧,戏剧性事件→dramatic adj.戏剧的;急剧的;夸张的 21. initial(反:ultimate) adj.最初的;开始的;第一的→initially(反:ultimately)adv.开始;最初;起初→initiative n.倡议;新方案→initiate vt.开始,创始;发起 22. strong adj.强大的→strength n.力量;长处→strengthen v.(使)变强;加强 depart vi.离开;出发;去世→departure n.离开,启程 22. depress vt.压下;使愁苦;使沮丧→depression n.沮丧;经济大萧条/不景气→depressed adj.沮丧的→depressing adj.令人沮丧的 review/revise: complex=complicated adj.复杂的 23. desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;渴望的→desperately adv.绝望地;拼命地;极度地→desperation n.绝望;拼命 极度渴望…be desperate for… 24. experience v./n.经验(不可数),经历,体验(可数)→experienced adj.有经验的,老练的 experiment n.实验,实验 25. demonstrate vt.演示,说明;证明;流露(感情)→demonstration n.集会示威;演示;说明illustrate vt.给…加插图;说/阐明;表明→illustration n.插图,图案 26. appoint vt.任命;委派;约定→appointment n.任命;委派;约会;约定 memory n.记忆;回忆→memorize v.记忆/住 为了纪念…:in memory of… 27. popular adj.流行的,通俗的;受欢迎的→popularity n.普遍,流行→popularize vt.普及,推广,使受欢迎 be popular with…受…欢迎 28. elect vt.选举;推选→election n.选举;推选;当选→elector n.选举人 select v.选择→selection n.选择→selective adj.选择性的 二．高频短语 1. be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰 2. get used to习惯 3. participate in参加；参与 4. as well as也；还 5. feel at home舒服自在，不拘束 6. engage in（使）从事，参与 7. get involved in参与，卷入，与……有关联 8. take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 9. speak up大声点说；明确表态 10. end up最终成为；最后处于 11. contribute to为……做贡献 12. cooperate with与……合作 13 be competent to do胜任 14. all in all总之 15. side with支持；站在……的一边 16. cost an arm and a leg（使）花一大笔钱 17. as far as I know据我所知 18. as far as I am concerned就我而言；依我看来 19. in summary总的来说；总之 20. generally speaking一般来说 三、必背教材原句 1.The biggest reason why he loves China is that she enjoys being with Chinese people. 他喜欢中国的最大原因是她喜欢和中国人在一起。 2.What impresses him first was the Chinese food. 首先让他印象深刻的是中国菜。 3.It was the first time that she had left China. 这是她第一次离开中国。 4.To begin with, many students who study abroad face great economic pressure. 首先，许多出国留学的学生面临巨大的经济压力。 5.Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressures that comes with studying abroad. 另一个需要考虑的重要因素是出国留学带来的巨大压力。 6.A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 最后一点需要考虑的是，虽然出国留学确实有潜在的好处，但在中国学习的年轻人也有一个美好的未来！ 7.To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages. 综上所述，人们不能否认出国留学有它的缺点。 8.The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth. 出国留学的第一个好处是个人成长。 9.Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange. 另一个好处是增加了文化交流的机会。 10.Finally, studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland. 最后，出国留学为祖国的发展提供了一个很好的机会。 11.All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all. I think this life-changing experience is certainly worthwhile, and I hope my child will study abroad in the future. 总而言之，出国留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多样性的了解，同时也有助于建设强大的中国，构建人类命运共同体。我认为这一生的经历肯定是值得的，我希望我的孩子将来能出国留学。 12.One of the advantages of studying abroad is that exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insight into the world. 出国留学的好处之一是接触另一种文化和人民可以使交换生对世界有更深刻的了解。 13. Generally speaking, exposure to things from other parts of the world can help you view things from different angles. 一般来说，多接触世界其他地区的事物能够帮助你从不同的角度看问题。 四. 写作部分 高频佳句背诵 开头句 1.说到出国留学，不同的人有不同的看法。 When it comes to studying abroad, different people have different opinions. 2.随着生活水平的提高，出国留学在一些学生中越来越受欢迎。 With the improvement of living standards, studying abroad is gaining its popularity with some students. 3.近年来，越来越多的中学生出国深造 In recent years, more and more middle school students have gone abroad for further study. 4.我很荣幸有机会与大家分享我对出国留学的看法。 It is my great honor to have an opportunity to share with you my opinions on studying abroad. 5.就我个人而言，出国留学好处多。 As far as I am concerned, studying abroad has many advantages. 6.在我看来，出国留学很有必要。我们可以学习先进的知识而且开阔眼界。 From my point of view, studying abroad is very necessary for the reason that we can learn advanced knowledge and broaden our horizons. 陈述理由 1.不可否认，出国留学在很多方面都对我们有益。 There is no denying that studying abroad is beneficial to us in many ways. 2.人们普遍认为出国留学有好处。 It is widely believed that there are some advantages about studying abroad. 3.值得一提的是，出国留学有助于个人成长。 What is worth mentioning is that studying abroad contributes to personal growth. 4.出国留学注定是一次有益的学习之旅，因为它将帮助学生更好地了解不同的文化，提高他们的技能和能力。Studying abroad is bound to be a rewarding learning journey for it will help students gain a better understanding of different cultures and boost their skills and abilities. 5.然而对于部分人来说，出国留学也给他们带来了许多挑战。 However, for some people, studying abroad also brings many challenges. 6. 出国留学为学生提供了一个接触不同文化和学习先进知识的平台。 Studying abroad provides students with a platform to expose to different cultures and learn advanced knowledge. 【必背范文】 Good morning everyone, I’m Li Hua from Xing Guang Middle School. It is my honor to have this opportunity to share with you my opinions on studying abroad. From my point of view, studying abroad has many advantages. To begin with, there is no denying that studying abroad contributes to personal growth because it provides students with a platform to expose to different cultures and learn advanced knowledge. What’s more, another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange, which means that students can cooperate with people from diverse cultural backgrounds to help them view the world from different angles and thus gives them more insights into their own culture. To sum up, studying abroad is bound to be a rewarding learning journey for it will help us gain a better understanding of different cultures and boost our skills and abilities. Therefore, we should seize every golden opportunity to study abroad to make a better tomorrow. 选择性必修二 Unit 3 Food and Culture 一．词性转换 1. consist vi.组成;存在;在于···;符合→consistent adj.一致的;连续的→inconsistent adj.不一致的,不协调的 和…一致be consistent with… contradictory(=contrary) adj.矛盾的;对立的(to);不一致的(=inconsistent)→contradict v.反驳;驳斥;相矛盾;相反→contradiction n.不一致,矛盾,对立 2. elegant adj.精美的;讲究的;优雅的(graceful)→elegance n.优美,高雅,优雅(=grace) regardless of不管,不顾≈in spite of=despite(尽管)+名词(性从句) 3. except vt.把…除外;免除prep.除…外→exception n.例外→exceptional adj.杰出的;例外的→exceptionally adv.例外地,非常 4. minimum adj.最低限度的;最小的n.最小值/量 反义词:maximum adj.最高的;最大极限的;n.最大限度/量 至少/多:at a minimum/maximum 5. consume vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗→ consumer n.消费者;顾客→consumption n.消费;消耗 bald adj.秃顶的;单调的 bold adj.勇敢的,无畏的,莽撞的 6. stable adj.稳定的(=steady);稳重的→stably adv.稳定地；坚固地→stability n.稳定(性);稳固 成功的秘诀the recipe for success recipe n.秘诀,食谱 7. association n.协会;关联→associate vt.联想;联系;交往;(尤指)混在一起 和…联系起来be associated with… 8. quantity n.数量;数额 形近词:quality n.质量;品质→qualify v.使具有资格,使合格→qualified adj.有资格的,胜任的 胜任…be qualified/competent for… 9. moderation n.适度;合理→ moderate adj.适度的;温和的;适中的 modest adj.谦虚的(=humble);朴素的(=plain);少量的(=small) 10. ideal adj.完美的;理想的;想象的n.理想;完美的人(或事物)→ideally adv.合乎理想地;绝好地;完美地 idea n.主意,想法 11. fundamental adj.根本的;基础的;基本的n.基本规律;根本法则→fundamentally adv.根本上;完全地;(引入话题时说)从根本上说 12. prior adj.先前的(=previous);优先的,更重要的→priority n.优先(考虑的);优先权 prior/previous to在…之前 反:subsequent adj.随后的,后面的 subsequent to在…之后 somehow adv.以某种方式,不知怎地 somewhat adv.稍微,有点 13. dessert n.甜点 形近词:desert n.沙漠,不毛之地vt.舍弃,遗弃(=abandon);擅离,开小差 14. trick n.戏法;诡计,计谋,诀窍vt.哄骗;戏弄→tricky adj.难对付的,棘手的;狡猾的 骗某人做某事:trick sb. into doing sth. 戏/捉弄某人 play a trick on sb 15. stuff n.东西,物品;事情v.填满→stuffed adj.塞满了的;已经喂饱了的 be stuffed/loaded with… 填满… 16. chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的n.首领;酋长→chiefly adv.主要地;首要地 chef n.主厨 17. 由…组成:consist of(无进行,无被动)= be made up/comprised/composed of… overall adj.全面的;综合的(=comprehensive) adv.总体上(=on the whole) review/revise: 18. desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;渴望的→desperately adv.绝望地;拼命地;极度地→desperation n.绝望;拼命 渴望…be desperate for… 19. fascinate vt.使着迷→fascinating(=striking=charming=attractive) adj.迷人的→fascinated adj.被迷住的→fascination n.魅力;有魅力的东西;入迷 20. participate vi.参加→participation n.参加→participant n.参与者 从事/参与…participant in=engage in=get/be involved in 21. anticipate v.预期,预料;预见→anticipation n.预期 vt.记住,回忆recall=remember=memorize n.顾问advisor =consultant 22. access n.通道;机会vt.进入;使用;获取→accessible adj.可接近/获取的,易懂/受影响的 名词,形容词和介词to搭配 23. conservation n.对(环境,文物等)保护;保持→conserve vt.保存;保护(=preserve)n.蜜饯→conservative adj.保守的(=conventional) 24. intend vi.＆vt.打算;计划→intention n.打算;目的;意图→intentional adj.故意的→intentionally adv.故意地(=by design=on purpose) 专为…而设计:be intended/designed for 打算去做某事:be intended/designed to do sth. 25. admit v.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入);容纳(=contain)→ admission n.允许进入;入场费;承认 被…录取:be admitted to… mit结尾的词过去式,过去分词需要双写__再加ed或ing，变名词需要把t变为ssion submit vi.屈服(to)v.呈递,提交→submission n.屈服;呈递 26. complete adj.完全的,全部的,完成的v.完成(=finish=accomplish),结束→completely adv.完全地 arrange v.安排,筹备→arrangement n. 二、高频短语 1. relate to与…相关 2. refer to 指的是，查阅 3. prior to 在…之前 4. consist of 由…构成 5. on the other hand 从另一方面说 6. be filled with 用…填满 7. at a minimum 至少 8. be linked to与...有联系 9. regardless of= in spite of= despite 不管，不顾 10. argue over就…争论，辩论 11. in other words换句话说 12. as with就...而言 13. quantities of 大量的 14. put more simply简单地说 15. on the right track在正确的路上 16. a case in point很好的例子 17. up to 取决于 三、必背教材原句 1. Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. （过去完成时被动） 来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。 2. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it.(过去完成时被动） 3. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans. (do/ does强调谓语动词) 在另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。 4. Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.（祈使句＋and＋陈述句） 告诉我你吃什么，我会告诉你你是什么。 5. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China，where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help. 水饺已成为华北人民最喜爱的一种传统食物；包饺子一直是一项全员参与的家庭活动，无论老少都会加入进来帮忙。（with复合结构） 6. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. （v-ing作状语） 我们疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。 7. We’ll need ten months at least to have the restaurant decorated. （have sth. done, v-ed作宾补） 我们至少需要十个月来装修餐厅。 8. It is also better to eat a modest amount of food each time, rather than to eat a lot in one meal. 而且最好每次摄入适量的食物，而不是一餐吃很多。 9. It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet. 你如何生活、如何做出正确的饮食抉择，这完全取决于你自己。 四．单元话题写作 假如你是李华，你校英语报正在举办一个关于“Food and Culture”的征文活动。请你用英文写一篇小短文介绍中国的饺子文化进行投稿。 内容包括： 1. 饺子的历史（大约1800年）； 2. 与饺子相关的习俗（新年的食物、家庭团聚、象征好运等）； 3. 饺子的做法(蒸steam，煮boil，炸fry) 必背范文 Chinese dumplings or jiaozi, mainly with meat and vegetable fillings, are a traditional food, which can date back to 1,800 years ago. China has been perfecting the art of dumpling making since three kingdoms period (三国时期）. With the Spring Festival marking the start of a new year, people choose to eat jiaozi to express their wishes for good fortune, which belongs to part of Chinese culture. Traditionally, what excites us most is that family members get together to make dumplings with various shapes on New Year’s eve. What’s more, Making dumplings is really teamwork to create a harmonious family atmosphere. There is a variety of ways of cooking dumplings ,varying from place to place, Generally, which are steamed, boiled or pan-fried. In summary, you will definitely fall in love with them if you taste Chinese dumplings As for more details of Chinese dumplings, it is worth exploring. 选择性必修二 Unit 4 Journey Across A Vast Land 一．词性转换 1. pleasant adj.令人愉快的;友好的→unpleasant adj.令人不快的;不舒服的;不和蔼的→please vt.使满意;使愉快→displease vt.使恼怒;使生气;使不悦→pleased adj.高兴的;满意的;愉快的→displeased adj.不高兴的;厌烦的;生气的→pleasure n.快乐;欣慰;满意;玩乐;乐事 2. breath n.呼吸→breathe vi.呼吸→breathless adj.(令人)气喘吁吁的 take sb’s breath away令人惊叹 breathtaking adj.激动人心的,令人惊叹的 3. freeze v.结冰,使冻住→freezing adj.严寒的→frozen adj.冷冻的;结冰的;冻僵的→freezer n.冰箱 4. anticipate(=expect=predict)vt.预料/见;期望→anticipation n.预期;期望;预计/见 一定做某事:be bound to do sth. 动身去:be bound for…=head to participate vi.参加→participation n.参加→participant n.参与者 从事/参与…participant in=engage in=get/be involved in 5. thunder vi.打雷;轰隆隆地响/快速移动n.雷声;轰隆声→thunderous adj.雷鸣般的 peak n.顶点;山峰v.达到顶点 peak season 旺季 6. astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊→ astonished adj.吃惊的→ astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的→astonishment n.惊讶;惊异 7. mist n.薄雾;水汽→misty adj.多雾的;模糊的 fog n.雾v.使困惑→foggy adj.有雾的;模糊的 frost n.霜v.使结霜→frosty adj.寒冷的 8. advertisement n.广告;启事→advertise vt.登广告;(为···)做广告→advertiser n.广告商;登广告者;广告人员;广告公司 9. photographer n.摄影师;拍照者→photograph vt.拍照;照相;(很、不等)上相→photography n.摄影;照相术 10. duration n.持续,持续时间→during prep.在…的时候,在…的期间 literal adj.字面上的→literally adv.按照字面意义地,真正地,确实地 11. v.起身;出现;由…引起: arise-arose-arisen v./n.上升;升起;增长:rise-rose-risen raise v.举起;提高;养育n. (工资、薪金的)提升,增加 arise from=result from由…引起 give rise to=lead to=contribute to…导致… owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物;把某事归功于某人 12. proceed vi.前进;继续行进 progress n.进步,进展v.进步,进展;(任务,事业)取得持续进展;(时间)推移 owing to=due to…由于,因为… 13. contrary adj.相反的,相违的n.相反,对立面 相反:on the contrary be contrary to…与…相反 review/revise: 14. infect vt.使感/传染→infection n.感/传染→infectious adj.传染性的;具有传染性的;有传染力的→infected adj.带细菌的;感染了病菌的 15. subscribe v.订阅;签署;订/认购;赞成;捐助→subscription n. subscribe to 订阅;同意;捐款 形近词:describe v.描述→description n.描述 16. severe adj.极为恶劣的;严重的(=serious);严厉的→severely adv.严重地;严厉地;严格地 形近词:persevere vi.坚忍,坚持→perseverance n.坚持不懈 17. suspect n.嫌疑犯vt.怀疑 suspicious adj.怀疑的,疑心的 dull=boring 无聊的,枯燥的 18. regret n./v.遗憾,后悔→regretful adj.后悔的→regrettable adj.可叹的,可惜的 challenge vt.挑战;质疑n.挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的 19. experience v./n.经验(不可数),经历,体验(可数)→experienced adj.有经验的,老练的,经验丰富的 experiment n.实验,实验 20. advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的→advance n.前进;发展vi.前进;发展vt.发展;促进 提前:in advance=ahead of time/schedule 21. universe n.宇宙;世界;领域→universal adj.全体的;广泛的,普遍的→ universally adv.普遍地 人们普遍认为:it’s universally acknowledged that… 22. acknowledge v.承认,认可(=recognize);公开感谢;告知收到→acknowledgement n.承认(=recognition);感谢;回执 23. resist v.抵制;抵抗 insist v.坚持;强调 consist vi.组成,构成 assist v.帮助,促进 24. disturb vt.打扰;妨碍 interrupt v.打断,打扰 erupt vi爆发,喷发,突然发生 available adj.有空的;可获得的;可提供的 25. 永久的permanent=everlasting=eternal 暂时的temporary 同时代的contemporary 26. energy n.能量→energetic adj.充满活力的,精力充沛的;积极的 sympathy n.同情;赞同→sympathetic adj.同情的;赞同的 二、高频短语 1. 2. take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹 3. be bound to do sth 一定做…….. 4. freezing cold 极冷的 5. a bunch of flowers 一束花 6. a couple of days 几天 7. on the contrary 相反 8. be contrary to …… 和…….相反 9. proceed to sth. 进而做 10. be home to…是……的故乡(产地,聚集地) 11. owe sth. to sb. 欠（某人情）;把…归功于… 12. be enrolled in…. 被......录取 13. a duration of 4 days 持续4天，为期4天 14. from dawn till dusk 从早到晚 15. be typical of是……的典型代表 16. in the distance 在远处 17. kill time 打发时间 三、必背教材原句 1. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. 从车窗往外望去,加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。(过去分词作状语) 2. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. 火车到站后,她们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖。那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽,令她们惊叹不已。(when引导时间状语从句；where引导非限制性定语从句) 3. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken. 望着眼前的美景,两人一致认为这是她们所经历过的最棒的一次旅行。(现在分词作状语) 4. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10˚C. 埃德蒙顿冬季十分寒冷,日平均气温为零下10摄氏度。(现在分词作宾补) The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada. 窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈红色、金色和橘黄色,地面盖着一层霜,表明加拿大已进入秋季。(现在分词作伴随状语) 5. Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, 站在远处，她们看到湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布升腾而起的水雾，惊叹不已。(现在分词作状语) 四．书面表达 佳句积累 1. 我想和你分享一个最有趣的经历。I’d like to share one of the most fascinating experiences with you. 2. 我很高兴和大家分享我在上一个暑假里很难忘的旅行经历。 I’m glad to share a truly unforgettable travel experience that I had during my last summer holiday with you. 3. 这是我在欧洲主要城市旅行的第5周。 It was week five of my tour of the major cities of Europe. 4. 导游领着我们参观博物馆时, 有两三个外国游客也加入了我们的行列。 As the guide was showing us round the museum, two or three foreign tourists joined us. 1. 我参观了...它以...而闻名Last week/month/year, I paid a visit to..., which is famous for... 2. 它坐落于...It lies/is located/situated in... 7. 风景太美了, 游客都都屏住了呼吸。The scenery is so beautiful that it takes the tourists’ breath away. 8. 我们在阳光充足的海滩上晒太阳。We basked ourselves on the sunny beach. 9. 幸运的是, 我们有着充足的时间来欣赏这神奇的美景。 Lucky for us, we had plenty of time to enjoy the amazing scenery. 10. 桂林一游使我大饱眼福。The tour of Guilin glutted my eyes. 11. 九寨沟的风景吸引了全世界的游客。 The scenery of Jiuzhaigou Valley appeals to visitors from all over the world. 12. 大量游客喜欢在这些美丽的海滩边的海水中游泳。 A lot of tourists enjoy swimming in the sea at these beautiful beaches. 13. 无论你去哪里, 都有很多活动可供选择。Wherever you go, there are plenty of activities to choose from. 14. 它已成为世界上最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。 It has become one of the most popular tourist attractions in the world. 15. 我们都很累, 但是我们的旅程真的很难忘。 We were all tired, but our trip to...was really unforgettable. 必背范文 Dear Tom, I’m glad to share a truly fascinating travel experience that I had during my last summer holiday with you. On July 7, my parents and I took a bus to Leshan, Sichuan Province, which is famous for the Giant Stone Buddha. The Buddha is literally big. Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet, I felt I was so small. The next day, we climbed Mount Emei, where the beautiful scenery took our breath away. There are many old temples and wild monkeys. At dusk, we made our way back. We were all tired, but our trip to Leshan was really unforgettable. If I have time, I am bound to pay a visit to Leshan again. I’m looking forward to going there with you next time. 选择性必修二Unit 5 First Aid 一．词性转换 1. electrical adj.跟电相关的→electric adj.电的,用电的→electricity n.电;电能→electronic n.电子的 2. nerve n.神经→nervous adj.神经质的;焦虑的;担忧的→nervously adv.神经质地;焦急地 strange adj.陌生的;奇怪的(=curious adj.好奇的,奇怪的) 3. organ n.器官;风琴→organize vt.组织;安排(=arrange);管理→organization n.组织;机构;团体→organic adj.器官的;有机的 4. minor adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的;数量少的n.未成年人;辅修科目v.辅修→minority n.少数(民族) major adj.主要/重要/大的n.主修课程/学生vi.主修→majority n.大多数 5. loose adj.松的;未系紧的;宽松的→loosely adv.松散地;宽松地;不精确地→loosen vt.(使)放松，变松 6. urgent adj.紧急的(=emergent);急迫的;急切的→ urgently adv.紧急地,急迫地→urgency(=emergency) n.紧迫;急迫 7. operator n.操作员→operate vt.操作;经营;对···开刀vi.运转;动手术;起作用→ operation n.手术 8. bleed vi.流血;失血→bleeding n.流血;失血→blood n.血;有···类型的血;血统 9. interrupt v.打断;打扰vt.使暂停→interruption n.打扰;阻断物;插嘴→ interrupter n.断续(路,流,电)器;中断器 disturb vt.打扰;妨碍;使不安 10. desperate adj.绝望的;拼命的;渴望的→desperately adv.绝望地;拼命地;极度地→desperation n.绝望;拼命 渴望…be desperate for… 11. practice n./v.练习;实践;惯例(=convention)→practical adj.实际/践/用的→practically adv.几乎;简直;实际地,实事求是地 12. tight adj.牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的adv.紧紧地;牢固地→tightly adv.紧紧地;牢固地:紧密地→tighten v.加紧,收紧 13. just adv.正/恰好;只,仅仅;刚才/要adj.公正的,合理的;正直的→justify vt.证明…有理;为…辩护→justice n.正义;公正 14. ease v.(使)宽慰;减轻;缓解n.容易;舒适;自在→easy adj.容易的;舒适的→easily adv.容易地;不费力地 15. rescue vt.营救;援救n.援救→rescuer n.营救者 victim n.受害/难/骗者;祭品 choke v.窒息,噎住,哽咽 collapse v./n.倒塌;昏倒 16. v.膨胀,肿胀:swell-swelled-swollen swollen adj.肿胀的,浮肿的;浮夸的;激动兴奋的 19. n.恐慌,惊慌adj.恐慌的vt.使恐慌:panic-panicked-panicked 小册子brochure=booklet=leaflet 20. 包;裹;(用手臂等)围住:wrap-wrapped-wrapped slip-slipped-slipped v.滑动;滑倒;犯错;悄悄地走;被遗忘→slippery adj.滑的;狡猾的;不稳定的 v./n..攫取,抓住;(尤指匆忙地)取,吃,喝;霸占,强夺:grab-grabbed-grabbed vt.拖,拉,拽drag-dragged-dragged 21. 推迟做某事:put off/delay/postpone doing sth. choose v.选择→choice n.选择(=option=selection=alternative) choose-chose-chosen 22. consult v.咨询,请教,商讨,查阅→consultant n.顾问(=advisor) 忘记:forget-forgot-forgotten 23. complete adj.完全的,全部的,完成的v.完成(=finish=accomplish),结束→completely adv.完全地 review/revise: 24. confirm vt.确认;使确信;证实→confirmation n.证实,证据,确认 it’s confirmed that…据证实… deny 否定 25. function n.功能,职责;宴会v.工作,运转,起作用(=work);行使职责→functional adj.有用的,实用的 作为…：function as…=serve as… 26. deserve vi./vt. 应受,应得 值得做某事deserve to do sth. 某事值得被做:sth. deserve doing =sth. deserve to be done 27. hesitate vi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑→ hesitation n.犹豫→hesitant adj.踌躇的;迟疑的 毫不犹豫：without hesitation 28. intention n.打算;计划;意图→ intend vt.计划;打算 be intended/designed for专为…而设计 tend vt.照料,照顾,伺候 vi.易于;倾向 29. sufficient adj. 足够的; 充足的=adequate=enough→sufficiency n. 充足 efficient adj. 效率高的→efficiency n.高效,效率 二、高频短语 1. prevent…from… 阻止……做…… 2. lead to导致；通向 3. be divided into被分成 4. at once马上；立刻 5. stick to 坚持；粘住 6. make sure确信；证实 7. suffer from忍受；遭受 8. sense of touch 触觉 9. first aid 急救 10. a variety of 各种各样的 11. at ease 放松；舒适；自在 12. put sb. at （one’s）ease 使某人放松 13. help sb. to one’s feet 帮助某人站起身 14. prevent sb. from doing 防止某人免受 15. have an urge to do 有一股冲劲做某事 三、重点句式 1. 我们非常需要援助，正如你们能想象的一样。（as引导定语从句） We are, as you can imagine, very much in need of help. 2. 除非你给他讲个故事，否则他不会睡觉。（unless引导条件状语从句） He won’t go to sleep unless you tell him a story. 3. 必要时，他们愿为国捐躯。（省略句） They are ready to die, if necessary, for their country. 4. 根据家庭的不同，我往往会给出不同的答案。（depend on） I tend to have a different answer, depending on the family. 5. 不可否认，这次袭击对他的名誉造成了严重的损害。（injury） There’s no denying that the attack did a severe injury to his reputation. 四．书面表达 Writing—A narrative essay about providing first aid 本单元的写作任务是写与急救有关的叙事类文章。此类作文通过完整的故事情节和生动形象的语言来叙述事件。写作时需要把握好记叙文的六个要素，即时间(when)、地点(where)、事件(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)和方式(how)。 基本结构： 1．开头——交代事情发生的背景。 2．主体——叙述事件的发生、经过和结果。 3．结尾——发表感想或是表达愿望。 假定你是李华，请根据下面的提示写一篇短文。内容包括： 1．上周日我和同学王平去看电影，在去电影院的路上看到一位老人躺在地上。 2．我坐在老人身边照看着他，王平打电话叫了救护车。 3．我们和老人一起去了医院，等老人的儿子来了我们才离开。 4．我们错过了电影，但是一点也不后悔，我们为自己做的事感到自豪。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 点拨 写作要求是写一个真实的故事。写作时应注意下面几点： 1．确定文体：这是一篇记叙文，写作时应注意记叙文的常规格式。 2．主体时态：文章应以一般过去时为主。 3．主体人称：由于是写发生在自己身上的故事，所以人称应该以第一人称和第三人称为主。 成篇 开头：交代故事发生的背景； 主体：叙述故事的过程； 结尾：表达感想。 核心词汇 1．在去……的路上on one’s way to. . . 2．走近些walk closer 3．照顾take care of 4．给……做手术operate on. . . 5．为……感到自豪be proud of 连词成句 1．上周日我和同学王平去看电影。 Last Sunday my classmate Wang Ping and I went to see a film. 2．电影的名字是《流浪的地球》。 The film is named The Wandering Earth. 3．在去电影院的路上，我们看到了一位老人。 On our way to the cinema，we saw an old man. 4．老人正躺在地上。 The old man was lying on the ground. 5．我们走近了一些。 We walked closer. 6．我们发现他伤得很重。 We found that he was badly injured. 句式升级 1．请用过去分词短语作定语合并句1和句2。 Last Sunday my classmate Wang Ping and I went to see a film named The Wandering Earth. 2．请把句3和句4按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。 (1)On our way to the cinema，we saw that an old man was lying on the ground. (宾语从句) (2)On our way to the cinema，we saw an old man lying on the ground(see＋宾语＋宾补) 3．请把句5和句6按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。 (1)When we walked closer，we found that he was badly injured. (when引导时间状语从句) (2)Walking closer，we found that he was badly injured. (现在分词短语作状语) 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 Last Sunday my classmate Wang Ping and I went to see a film named The Wandering Earth. On our way to the cinema，we saw an old man lying on the ground. Walking closer，we found that he was badly injured. So I sat there to take care of the old man and Wang Ping called the ambulance. After a while the ambulance arrived and we went to the hospital with the old man. The doctors operated on the old man at once. We didn’t leave until the old man’s son arrived. We missed the film，but we didn’t regret. Instead，we were proud of what we had done. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$