考题猜想03 阅读七选五培优专练22篇（考题猜想）-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019）

2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019） 考题猜想03 阅读理解七选五培优专练22篇 Passage 01 （山东省烟台市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）If staying optimistic (乐观) is something you struggle with, you`re certainly not alone. Here are five ways you can frequently practice to be optimistic. Be present every day The majority of negative thoughts are about the past and future, which can`t be changed. To be present, you need to exactly figure out whether they are in the past, present or future and bring them back into the moment. 16 Give thanks The thoughts of giving thanks can help improve your body functions and overall happiness. Start by writing down at least three things you`re thankful for each day. 17 This practice could transform into a formal habit of recalling things you`re grateful for and writing them down. Laugh out loud Laughter really is fantastic medicine. Loud laughs can calm the brain`s stress center. Watch one of your favorite TV plays or even try laughter yoga. It might be a good choice to reach out to others for help to laugh out loud. 18 It can help lift your mood during difficult times. 19 Acts of kindness can increase your sense of well-being. Even something as simple as giving someone a smile can leave you both feeling happier. Challenge yourself to do at least one kind thing for someone else each day, such as buying a stranger a cup of coffee or donating to a cause that matters to you. Find time to exercise Exercise produces pleasurable brain chemicals and relieves bad emotions. When you participate in physical activities that bring you joy, your thinking will clear. If it’s hard to find time to get to the gym, there are many exercise videos you can follow online. 20 Then you’ll likely feel more positive afterward. A．Pay it forward. B．Acquire spiritual strength. C．Try to focus on what’s in front of you. D．The main goal is to break a sweat and do it regularly. E．It’s unavoidable to feel unhappy with ups and downs all the time. F．Doing that helps you recognize the little good things surrounding you. G．Having a positive network of friends or family can really make a difference. Passage 02 （重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）A great poem can be there for you — just like other works of art you hold dear. 16 . Or make you feel happy or excited. Franny Choi, an educator and co-host of the poetry podcast VS, says some poems make her want to “get out of my chair and shout it from the rooftops.” But if you haven’t flexed (活动) your poetry muscle in a while, those feelings might be a little hard to get. Here are some tips to help you meaningfully connect to a poem. Don’t approach poetry like it’s school The way poetry is taught in school can be a barrier (障碍) to entry. “People are taught that the way to engage with a poem is by trying to understand it, master it and write an essay about it,” says Choi. “ 17 .” So rest easy as you read a poem — there’s no quiz at the end! Read it out loud “Poetry was an oral art form before anything else,” says Choi. “And a lot of information can be gained from reading poems out loud.” As an exercise, try reading a poem aloud a few different ways: like you’re savoring every word and every syllable or like you’re explaining something really difficult to someone else. 18 . Visualize the poem A poem might offer visual imagery (意象) — or may not. 19 . Think of the poem like a movie or a play and you’re the director. “What colors would you use? What kind of setting is there? If there’s light, what kind of light would it be? Twilight? Dusk? 20 ? Can you imagine the speaker?” These brain pictures will illuminate whatever it is you seem to be getting out of the poem. A．Would it be indoors or outdoors B．What ideas float around in your mind C．It can help you process sadness, anger or fear D．It may help further your understanding of the poem E．It is a cherished art form that appeals to our motions F．If not, go ahead and fill them in with your imagination G．That keeps us from developing personal relationships with poetry Passage 03 （浙江省杭州市2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末）Going on a solo travel adventure is more than just a holiday. 36 The decision to explore the world alone opens the door to a number of experiences that can reshape your life attitudes, build your confidence, and enrich your life in ways you may have never imagined! Here are some ways that solo traveling can change your life. 37 It might mean overcoming language difficulties, finding your way through confusing public transportation systems, or making quick decisions. The decisions you make, from choosing destinations to exploring unfamiliar streets, are totally your own. In this process, you discover aspects of yourself that may have remained unknown in your daily life. One of the most enriching aspects of solo travel is the opportunity to experience different cultures. 38 Whether it’s starting a conversation with a street vendor (摊贩) or sharing a meal with locals, solo travel provides a unique window into the cultural makeup of each destination. Solo travel is a constant exercise in adaptability and problem-solving. From understanding foreign languages to managing unexpected changes in plans, you are regularly faced with problems that demand creative solutions. 39 Solo travel is a journey of self-reliance and independence. As you go through the headaches of planning and making a trip on your own, you surely build a deep sense of self-confidence. 40 You have to rely on yourself to choose the next destination, manage your money and solve unexpected problems. Solo travel is an exploration of the self, an opportunity for cultural immersion (浸润), and a spark for personal growth. The impact of solo travel extends beyond the length of your trip, leaving you with a set of skills, perspectives, and memories that will last a lifetime. A．Solo travel forces you out of your comfort zone. B．Being alone makes you more approachable to locals. C．The challenges sometimes make you feel frustrated. D．It’s a journey of self-discovery, growth and transformation. E．The decisions, both big and small, are entirely yours to make. F．The lessons learned on the road translate into increased self-respect. G．These problem-solving skills become valuable wealth in your everyday life. Passage 04 （云南省昭通一中教研联盟2022-2023学年高一下学期期末） How Can I Add More Space to My Home? Reorganize and Remove Unnecessary Items Firstly, make the most of what you already have. Reorganizing and removing unnecessary items can free up previously underused (未充分利用的) spaces. 36 Donate items you no longer need, invest in smart storage solutions, and remember that less is often more. Use Multipurpose Furniture Furniture that serves multiple purposes is an economical space saver. 37 This type of furniture can greatly reduce clutter and make rooms feel bigger. 38 Sometimes, creating a sense of space can be as simple as introducing more light or adding a few strategically placed mirrors. 39 Meanwhile, good lighting can open up spaces, making them feel more welcoming and spacious. Transform Unused Spaces Don’t forget about those often-overlooked nooks and crannies. Transform the space under your stairs into a home office, or convert the loft into a cosy bedroom. 40 In conclusion, adding more space to your home doesn’t have to cost a fortune. With a bit of creativity and the right approach, you can maximize your living space and enjoy your home anew. A．Use Outdoor Spaces B．Use Mirrors and Light C．Don’t underestimate the potential of your outdoor spaces. D．A messy room feels smaller, while an organized room appears spacious. E．Basements can also provide substantial extra living space if refurbished properly. F．Mirrors create a feeling of depth and strengthen natural light, making rooms appear larger. G．Think beds with drawers underneath, or fold-down tables that can be put aside when not in use. Passage 05 （新疆兵团地州学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）Are you aware that you use body language when communicating with others? What body postures, gestures, facial expressions, and eye movements do you usually use? Research has suggested that about 65% of meaning in human communication comes from non-verbal behavior. 16 . Here are some body language tips to build more open connections with others. Smile. The simplest way to start a positive relationship is to smile. When looking into someone’s eyes, smile as if you see something in their eyes that makes you happy. 17 Personal space. Keep the space open before your upper body. Try not to fold your arms, put your bag on your lap, hug your bag, or do anything that covers up the upper front part of your body. 18 . On the other hand, closing the space in front of you sends the message of “Don’t talk to me. I’m not interested to engage with anyone”. Have eye contact. Eye contact helps establish connections and lets other people know you are listening. 19 . Just look away from time to time to give them some space. 20 . Wear your emotions on your face. If you feel sad, then express sadness. If you feel surprised, express surprise. If you feel happy, express happiness. Don’t keep your emotions inside yourself. A powerful gesture will show your charm, which will make you more confident. These tips will help you make more friends and work towards a more connective and inclusive society. A．But don’t stare B．But don’t laugh out loud C．Be open with your emotions D．Be aware of what your body is saying E．Keeping the area open will make you more approachable F．Sometimes body language even makes up as much as 90% G．Body language sometimes carries hidden meanings and emotions Passage 06 （四川省宜宾市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Ways to keep your brain young Every brain changes with age, and mental function changes along with it. Mental decline is common, and it's one of the most feared consequences of aging. But cognitive(认知的) damage is not unavoidable. 16 . Get mental stimulation Through research with mice and humans, scientists have found that brainy activities stimulate new connections between nerve cells and may even help the brain generate new cells. 17 Read, take courses, and try “mental gymnastics,” such as word puzzles or math problems that require mental effort like drawing, painting, and other crafts. Get physical exercise 18 . People who exercise regularly increase the number of tiny blood vessels that bring oxygen- rich blood to the region of the brain that is responsible for thought. Exercise also spurs the development of new nerve cells and increases the connections between brain cells. 19 Good nutrition can help your mind as well as your body. For example, people that eat a Mediterranean style diet that emphasizes fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts, unsaturated oils (olive oil) and plant sources of proteins are less likely to develop cognitive impairment and dementia. In this way, both your blood sugar and blood pressure will be in good control. Care for your emotions People who are anxious, depressed, sleep- deprived, or exhausted tend to score poorly on cognitive function tests. Immediate actions should be taken to prevent cognitive decline. Neglecting your emotional well- being can have a profound impact on your ability to think clearly, make decisions, and maintain a high level of mental sharpness. 20 . A．Improve your diet B．Improve your blood sugar C．Enough sleep is of great importance for brain D．Research shows that using your muscles helps your mind E．Here are some ways you can help maintain brain function F．Any mentally stimulating activity should help to build up your brain G．Positive moods can reduce stress and anxiety, leading to improved mental health Passage 07 （河北省河北名校联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Here are some steps to help you use the power of meditation (冥想) for better sleep. Choose your focus With many meditation choices, it’s important to determine which works for you. If you’re a music lover, listening to meditation music for sleep can be relaxing. 36 . If you want simplicity, focusing on your own breath can be a practical and useful experience. 37 Your surroundings can greatly influence the quality of your meditation. It’s essential to build an environment that is helpful for relaxation. 38 —this might mean turning off notices on your phone. Dim (暗淡的) lights or candles guide senses to deep peace. Sit or lie comfortably 39 . When the goal is to help you fall into sleep more easily, lying down especially in a supportive bed can be ideal. If you can’t fall asleep quickly or feel comfortable, try sitting up with cushions (垫子) to support you. The main thing is to keep your back straight and avoid putting pressure on any part of your body. Be consistent (始终如一的) The power of meditation shines through with regular practice. As with mastering any skill, consistency is your strong supporter. Start with short parts and gradually extend as you become more comfortable. Whether it’s 5 minutes or 30 minutes, the key is to make it a nightly routine. 40 , making the process more effective gradually. A．Create the right space B．Absorb every de tail of the scene C．The base of a successful meditation is comfort D．Remember, it’s natural for the mind to wander E．Make sure your room is free from troublesome noises F．It helps to calm your mind through a regular pattern of sounds G．Over time, your brain will connect this practice with relaxation and sleep Passage 08 （广东省广州市越秀区广中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Four most important eye expressions The language of our eyes is one of the most powerful and useful tools of non-verbal (非语言的) communication. 16 Here are four most important eye expressions that we see every day. 1. Smiling eyes Researchers have long noticed that a sincere smile starts with our eyes. When we are sincerely happy, the skin around the corners of our eyes crinkles (出现皱纹). But a social, polite smile touches only our lips (嘴唇). 17 For example, when a shop assistant smiles at you, offering help, you will immediately get the feeling that they are just trying to sell you something 2. 18 People who avoid eye contact during a conversation are often considered as insincere. What does little or no eye contact mean then? Anything from shyness to nervousness. 3. Friendly eyes When you are carrying on a conversation, looking the speaker straight in the eyes sends a clear message to him: 19 This is why so many public speaking experts advise keeping eye ntact with the speaker. 4. “Shut” eyes Covering the eyes for a long period of time sends a message that you are trying to block out something that you do not want to hear. For example, a man who is asked to work on the weekend may cover his eyes with his fingers as he answers, “No problem.” 20 . A．Shy eyes B．Empty eyes C．Such behavior is seen with liars. D．You are paying attention to the talk. E．The smile you are given is not in the eyes. F．What his gestures are showing is that he is not happy about it at all. G．So it is important to learn how to read the body language of the eyes. Passage 09 （北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）How objective are you? How often are you over-reacting to situations, taking things personally or judging people unfairly? We all do this at some time or another. 35 Under stress, most of us draw solely on our past experiences and biases, which cloud our ability to see things clearly and make sound judgments. Moreover, our desire to succeed is often so strong, that, under these intense circumstances, our limiting mental models tend to get in our way, creating even more stress and causing us to react in ways that we may regret. Our ability to be objective depends on our willingness to question our mental models, the lens through which we perceive, interpret and respond to our world. If our mental models are incorrect, then our understanding of what is going on and our response to it, are often incorrect. 36 The good news is that with practice, we can interrupt our automatic reactions, and choose a different response. Each time we do this, we are re-wiring our neural network by creating new pathways based on new models: new ways of perceiving and responding to our world. 37 One of the most powerful mental model transformation catalysts (催化剂) is new knowledge or logic that challenge old ways of thinking. 38 They’ve usually been with us a while, so we tend to trust them. For most of us, we have never been taught about mental models and how to evaluate them to determine if they are helpful or harmful. To transform unproductive mental models, we must change our mind! We have to decide, through our own logic and reason, whether our way of seeing the world is no longer valid for us. 39 It is in the wake of this new knowledge that transformation takes place. At that moment, a set of new connections is created in the brain. It’s these new connections that have the potential to enhance our mental resources to help us transform limiting mental models. A．We can actually learn to think smarter! B．An objective leader must judge and treat people fairly. C．This requires that we be open to new knowledge and reasoning. D．The key is to accept a problem as it occurs and not take it personally. E．This is why we sometimes misjudge situations and take things personally. F．As we have seen, mental models are deep — rooted beliefs we tend to hold onto. G．The challenge is that when we are under pressure, we tend to be less objective. Passage 10 （安徽省马鞍山市2023~2024学年高一下学期期末） Four Ways to Get That Vacation Feeling in Two Days Going on vacation every week? It sounds like the wildest dream. But a simple mindset change can make it happen — no travel involved. 16 Get creative about making time Not everyone has Saturday and Sunday off work and actually some people often find their weekend schedules fully packed. 17 For example, devote an hour on Sunday morning to the housework, but protect the rest of the weekend as your vacation time. Reflect on what matters most 18 “Does it mean turning off your email reminders? Spending money carelessly?” Maybe it means being able to spend time with people you don’t normally get to see, or giving yourself a break on a workout. It’s helpful to make a list of those things and be able to follow through. 19 Doing something totally new is recommended, so you can disconnect from the same old routines controlling your life. Think about a journey: Drive to a part of town you’ve never been to before, go for a walk, and grab lunch at the first cute café you see. Don’t put extra pressure on yourself Treating your weekend like a vacation doesn’t mean it needs to be complicated (复杂的). If your “vacation” meets a few problems or lasts for only a few hours — don’t worry. It doesn’t have to be all or nothing. Don’t put pressure on yourself to have one “perfect vacation.” It’s meant to be fun. 20 A．Act like a tourist. B．Follow your routine as usual. C．Somehow, try your best to create a perfect vacation. D．Plus, there’s always another one just a few days away. E．But you could still find a solution to manage your time. F．Here are four tips for taking a vacation mindset at home. G．Focus on what makes a vacation different from a regular weekend. Passage 11 （江苏省常州市2023-2024学年高一下英语期末）Do you want to impress people with your words? Do you want to be the person at parties whose conversation is always filled with wisdom? 36 ● Read high-level journalism. One of the best ways to build your vocabulary is to meet new and difficult words in the context. 37 Publications such as the New York Times, The Economist, The New Yorker, and The Guardian are all excellent sources of English. ● 38 Your impressive words will not arouse your friends’ interest if you don’t sound comfortable using them. Practice using your new vocabulary as often as possible. Remember to be yourself. By all means be the best, most impressive version of you, but stay you. ● Present confident body language. About 70% of all communication is done through non-verbal communication, such as body language and gestures. 39 Stand straight. Don’t swing wildly or rush through your words or your gestures. Moving too quickly is a sign of nervousness. Make eye contact about 50% of the time when speaking, and about 70% of the time when listening. ● Learn to read your audience. One of the best ways to learn to read an audience is to watch and listen. A person who only listens to the sound of his own voice will not impress other people. Make sure to listen as well as speak. 40 For example, don’t assume that women will only want to discuss shopping or that men will only want to discuss sports. A．Practice until it comes naturally. B．Practice the conversation to keep it active. C．Here are some tips to amaze your audiences. D．Don’t make assumptions about your audience. E．In order to delight your audience, you should express confidence when you speak. F．To impress people, you must know how to recognize opportunities where you can be wise. G．Reading newspapers will expose you to new vocabulary and inform you about the world. Passage 12 （重庆市西南大学附中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）It’s a struggle for many of us to get out of the sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, despite our best intentions. 16 , the biggest barriers are mental ones. Maybe it’s a lack of self-confidence that keeps you from taking positive steps, or you get easily discouraged and give up. You already know there are many ways and great reasons to exercise — from improving mood, sleep, and health to reducing anxiety. But knowing how and why to exercise can’t get you starting and sticking to your exercise plan. 17 , you need to follow these steps which can make exercise less painful and more fun. ● Get rid of the all-or-nothing attitude. You don’t have to spend hours in a gym or force yourself into boring or painful activities you hate to experience the physical and emotional benefits of exercise. 18 . In fact, adding just tiny amounts of physical activity to your weekly routine can have a great effect on your mental and physical health. ● Be kind to yourself. Don’t punish yourself if you miss a workout. 19 . If you miss a day, consider it a rest day, and remember there’s always tomorrow. If you have a hard time sticking with your workout routine, just try something different. There are plenty of ways to stay active, and at the end of the day, you will find an exercise routine that works for you. ● 20 . You are not out of shape overnight, and you’re not going to instantly transform your body either. Demanding too much, too soon only leads to dissatisfaction. Instead of paying attention only to results, focus on consistency (连贯性). A．Let it go and be patient B．Share the results with others C．Have reasonable expectations D．If you really want to make exercise a habit E．Remember a little exercise is better than nothing F．If you are having trouble in finding an exercise to do on a daily basis G．While practical concerns like a busy schedule can make exercise challenging Passage 13 （广东省深圳实验学校高中部2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. 46 So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it. 47 She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way. 48 Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising. 49 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 50 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. When you keep the steps small, it will become doable and achievable. A．Next, divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts. B．It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK. C．There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling. D．Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses. E．Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious. F．Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word. G．The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps. Passage 14 （陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Using needles to help life’s energy flow For thousands of years, the Chinese have relieved pain and cured disease through acupuncture (针灸). Evolving from the discovery that using stone needles to prick (刺) specific points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms, 36 , in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature. According to Records of the Grand Historian, written by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a highly skilled physician during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having saved a prince from “death” by using needles to stimulate (刺激) the Baihui acupoint on the head of the unconscious man. According to TCM, there are a dozen meridians (中医经脉) in the human body, 37 . Cold, infections or diseases can result in the blocking of the energy, and so stimulating the acupoints can unblock stagnant (停滞的) qi, restore normal circulation and improve health. Today, acupuncture is still widely used in China. Li Ming, a 41-year-old who works in media, says that acupuncture really helped treat the dry eyes she had been suffering from since 2009. After trying many other ways, 38 . 39 , and after more than 130 visits, her symptoms significantly decreased, and her eyes became moist enough for her to restart her work in 2013. In 2010, UNESCO put acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. 40 , but also a medical technique widely used and researched today. A．a friend suggested she turn to a doctor at Beijing Tongren Hospital who excelled in treating the condition with acupuncture B．Yet, the practice is not just cultural and historical C．acupuncture has become a necessary part of traditional Chinese medicine D．where they can enjoy the basic pleasures as a human E．Li’s treatment lasted one and a half years F．where the qi, or life energy, circulates to nourish (滋养) the organs G．However, it is commonly believed that a successful surgery is the end of complete cure Passage 15 （湖南省怀化市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）Reading is a practice that has been encouraged ever since we were kids. People generally believe it improves our vocabulary, grammar and general grasp on language. 16 Reading helps us stay focused. Reading a book needs us to pay a tent on to every detail and movement in the storyline. Whatever were reading, we are following the stream of thought of someone else, the writer. 17 And reading teaches us this much needed ability to pay attention to detail. 18 When reading a book, we go on a journey with the characters. Were member every place our favorite character has been, people they’ve met and all the events that have taken place in their lives. Being truly invested in the journey leads the mind to grasp quicker and hold on for longer, leading to a sharper brain. Reading builds empathy and cultural understanding. People from all over the world come together to contribute to literature with their own style, views and opinions. When we read a book from an author from the other comer of the world, we’re not just reading a story. 19 There’s something to learn in almost every book you’ll ever pick up. Reading inspires creativity. 20 It’s our creativity that helps us imagine every detail. Everything we read gives us a different perspective. Read ng takes us places we’ve never seen. And the imaginary thinking ability can help us even professional in ways we night never seen. And the imaginary thinking ability can help us even professionally in ways we might never thought of. To keep reading is to keep growing. So how about we pick another one! A．Reading sharpens the mind. B．Reading enables us to stay in good mood. C．And that requires us to stay focused through it all. D．The following are some ways that helps us read better. E．However, its outcome and the change it brings is far deeper. F．When reading a book, we imagine every scene described in the book. G．We are stepping into a world of different cultures, traditions and values. Passage 16 （辽宁省部分高中20232024学年高一下学期期末）The moon is a mysterious place that has fascinated humans for centuries. As technology has advanced, our ability to explore the moon has also increased. 16 One of the most significant advancements in moon exploration is the use of unmanned spacecraft. 17 These spacecrafts are able to travel to the moon and collect data that help us understand more about its composition, atmosphere, and geological features. By studying the moon, scientists can gain insights into the formation and evolution of our solar system. Another exciting aspect of lunar exploration is the potential for resource extraction (提取). 18 They could be used for various purposes, including the production of fuel and building materials. Extracting these resources could help reduce our dependence on Earth-based resources and pave the way for a more sustainable future. Moreover, lunar exploration also holds the promise of scientific discovery. By studying the moon, we can gain a deeper understanding of the universe and the laws of physics that govern it. 19 Furthermore, new scientific theories could revolutionize our understanding of the world. 20 The moon’s harsh environment, lack of atmosphere, and extreme temperature variations make it a difficult place to conduct experiments and operations. Despite these challenges, scientists and engineers continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in lunar exploration. In conclusion, lunar exploration is an exciting and important field that offers vast potential for scientific discovery and resource extraction. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see more advancements in this area and a deeper understanding of the moon and its role in our solar system. A．They can stay on the moon for longer periods of time. B．However, lunar exploration is not without its challenges. C．It allows scientists to collect data without risk to human life. D．This knowledge could lead to advancements in technology. E．The moon is believed to contain valuable minerals and resources. F．Here are some of the introductions of the unmanned spacecraft and new study. G．Here are some of the recent advancements in lunar exploration and its benefits. Passage 17 （陕西省西安市临潼区华清中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）It is a great challenge of descriptive writing: finding that balance between using enough details to bring your description to life, but not so much that your readers are fed up with it. 11 Remember, you’re writing a description, not taking a photograph. 12 If you were photographing a tree, you would still make choices — lighting, framing, focus — that would capture the essence of the tree, but not its exact image. Trust your readers. Stephen King says in On Writing, “Description begins in the writer’s imagination, but should finish in the readers.” 13 If you offer an exactly right description — rather than a complete description — the readers’ completion of your description will be close enough to what you want them to “see” in the picture. 14 If you write this: “Wind stirred (吹动) the maple’s boughs, spurring leaves to wavelike a million green hands greeting them to hurry to its shady embrace”, you have created a real description, and you don’t need to write that the tree is big. Let actions take the place of description. This can be effective in describing emotions. Instead of “Sue felt sad as she stared at their wedding photo.”, try “Sue stared at their wedding photo until her stinging eyes could no longer focus. She turned the photo face down on her nightstand.” We now know, through her actions, that Sue is sad. 15 That is because we’re experiencing her physical reactions (stinging eyes) and actions (turned the photo face down) along with her. A．Focus on readers’ emotions. B．Readers can fill in the picture. C．Describe facts instead of actions. D．Embrace the use of metaphors and similes. E．It is not necessary to document every detail. F．Besides, we now feel more connected with her in that sadness. G．Fortunately, there are techniques you can use to find that balance. Passage 18 （辽宁省葫芦岛市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine. 16 An estimated two million fungal species — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. 17 Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. 18 This has held back a lot of research.” 19 “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”. Some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees. 20 So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible — fungi. A．Are mushrooms a type of fungus? B．So, why do we know so little about them? C．Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife. D．The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them. E．“Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth. F．But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab. G．In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi — five or six times more than plants. Passage 19 （江西省部分学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）For a long time, I thought only skinny and strong people could finish the half marathon (马拉松) at the Baltimore Running Festival. 16 . Preparing for the event has taught me some valuable lessons I’d like to share. Train yourself as people first and marathoners second. 17 . It is the confidence that will carry you across the finish line on the race day. The saying “life is a marathon, not a short run” applies! Make sure to take your time. 18 . Your goal is to get comfortable running three to four times a week, with your longest run being roughly 5 or 6 miles. 19 . Once you’ve completed your basic training, look for a training program that lasts about four months. Week-to-week, the plan should guide you to increase the distance by no more than 10 to 15% a week. Don’t go to the coach who pushes you too hard in a single training cycle. It could result in injuries. Running a marathon is an investment (投入) of time and money. If you’re going to spend your hard-earned money somewhere, it’s worth investing in an excellent pair of running shoes. 20 . A．Sign up for a race B．Choose a training plan that’s safe C．But last year, I eventually made up my mind to have a try D．Keep your relationship to your training program a positive one. E．It’s much cheaper to buy a new pair of shoes than to visit a doctor F．You can start by running 1 or 1.5 miles and build up week after week G．It means doing the basic training at an easy pace that can give you confidence Passage 20 （吉林省“BEST合作体”2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）You’ve made the decision that you want to travel more this year. You’ve realized that experiences are more important than possessions (财产) and you’ve put together a plan to start saving for your next big trip. 36 Here are my top tips to help you choose your travel destinations. Be open-minded. Haven’t heard of a place? 37 Have no idea where a place is? But you’ve found cheap flights to that place…? Search it using the search engine, check whether it’s safe and if so, book that flight! Sometimes you’ll have the best adventures in places you can’t pronounce, Ljubljana, for example. 38 You want to travel to a certain destination but flights are really expensive? Don’t let this put you off, unlock your creativity and find a solution. Using the example of Ljubljana again, it’s really expensive to fly direct but flights to Venice are cheap and then there’s a 2-hour shuttle (往返) bus from Venice Ljubljana. Problem solved. Explore travel websites and blogs. 39 Visit travel websites and blogs that specialize in the destinations on your route. These websites often feature articles and lists of top attractions, along with detailed descriptions, impressive photos, and helpful tips from experienced travelers. Take the time to look through these websites and complete a list of the attractions that catch your interest. Seek suggestions from locals. Locals are often the best sources of information when it comes to discovering hidden destinations. Engage (接触) with locals through conversations, or social media groups related to your destination. 40 A．Be creative. B．Can’t even pronounce a place? C．Avoid the common misunderstandings. D．Can’t find a way to write your journal? E．But how are you going to decide where to actually go? F．The Internet is a place full of valuable information when it comes to travel. G．Ask for their recommendations that might not be widely known but are worth exploring. Passage 21 （黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学青冈实中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Boosting Your Brainpower Who hasn’t wished that they were just a little smarter? Maybe you’re in school and just want to get a better grade on a test. 16 Here are some ways you can study to boost your brainpower, Sleep is one of the easiest things to do，yet one of the ones that most of us don’t do. We live in a busy age and often it seems that we don’t have enough time to get everything done. So many of us sacrifice (牺牲) our hours of sleep to accomplish our daily tasks. 17 Read a book. Being smarter is not only about thinking but knowledge plays a big part in it, too. Reading helps your brain stay active. 18 Think of it as exercise for the brain. Try turning off that television set and going for a walk. A walk will stimulate your body and relax your mind. Just as watching too much TV can hurt your body, it also causes your brain to slow down as well. 19 There is a big difference between knowing something and being able to teach it to someone else. There is nothing like trying to break something down into simpler terms for others to help you understand it better than you did before. Work on a puzzle. It can be anything from the newspaper crossword to the new sudoku puzzle. Puzzles help you use your brain to figure out the answers. 20 Your brain needs exercise just like your body does to be able to function in top form. So go out there and boost your brainpower and your mind will thank you. A．Learn something new and then teach someone else how to do it. B．The more you read, the more you know, and the smarter you will be. C．By writing about things you know, it helps you to understand them better. D．Skipping meals can make it harder for you to think and perform at your best. E．Maybe you want to show your boss that you are good enough to get a promotion. F．Crossword puzzles also have the added benefit of increasing your vocabulary and knowledge. G．Giving your body the rest it needs every night can boost your ability to function at your best next day. Passage 22 （山东省潍坊青州市一中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）In the 1960s and 1970s, some writers and university professors called themselves “futurists”. These futurists tried to forecast the future. 16 The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. 17 Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. We can also ask the real experts: the scientists and engineers who are bringing us these advances. Because so much of our daily life will be integrated with computers, virtual reality will become an actual, real reality for many of us. This virtual world will at times seem as real as — if not more real than — the actual world around us. Without leaving home, you will be able to take tours of foreign countries, or even get a medical exam by a doctor in another city. 18 There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. Much research is being done to unlock the human mind. Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. 19 For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. These artificial hands are connected to a person’s nerves so that the person’s brain tells the hands what to do. As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. 20 We should all eagerly view the future as a great adventure — a new world waiting to be explored. Who knows exactly what we will find? A．Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. B．That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. C．Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. D．Artificial hands are made stronger and faster than human ones and work very well. E．Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. F．Many new parts will be made to replace broken human body ones. G．This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019） 考题猜想03 阅读理解七选五培优专练22篇 Passage 01 （山东省烟台市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）If staying optimistic (乐观) is something you struggle with, you`re certainly not alone. Here are five ways you can frequently practice to be optimistic. Be present every day The majority of negative thoughts are about the past and future, which can`t be changed. To be present, you need to exactly figure out whether they are in the past, present or future and bring them back into the moment. 16 Give thanks The thoughts of giving thanks can help improve your body functions and overall happiness. Start by writing down at least three things you`re thankful for each day. 17 This practice could transform into a formal habit of recalling things you`re grateful for and writing them down. Laugh out loud Laughter really is fantastic medicine. Loud laughs can calm the brain`s stress center. Watch one of your favorite TV plays or even try laughter yoga. It might be a good choice to reach out to others for help to laugh out loud. 18 It can help lift your mood during difficult times. 19 Acts of kindness can increase your sense of well-being. Even something as simple as giving someone a smile can leave you both feeling happier. Challenge yourself to do at least one kind thing for someone else each day, such as buying a stranger a cup of coffee or donating to a cause that matters to you. Find time to exercise Exercise produces pleasurable brain chemicals and relieves bad emotions. When you participate in physical activities that bring you joy, your thinking will clear. If it’s hard to find time to get to the gym, there are many exercise videos you can follow online. 20 Then you’ll likely feel more positive afterward. A．Pay it forward. B．Acquire spiritual strength. C．Try to focus on what’s in front of you. D．The main goal is to break a sweat and do it regularly. E．It’s unavoidable to feel unhappy with ups and downs all the time. F．Doing that helps you recognize the little good things surrounding you. G．Having a positive network of friends or family can really make a difference. 【答案】16．C 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了变得乐观的方法。 16．根据上文“The majority of negative thoughts are about the past and future, which can`t be changed. To be present, you need to exactly figure out whether they are in the past, present or future and bring them back into the moment.(大多数消极的想法都是关于过去和未来的，这是无法改变的。为了活在当下，你需要准确地弄清楚他们是在过去、现在还是未来，并把他们带回到当下)”可知，上文提到了要活在当下，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，总结是指把注意力集中在面前的事情上。故C选项“试着把注意力集中在你面前的事情上”符合语境，故选C。 17．根据上文“The thoughts of giving thanks can help improve your body functions and overall happiness. Start by writing down at least three things you`re thankful for each day.(感恩的思想可以帮助改善你的身体机能和整体幸福感。从每天写下至少三件让你感恩的事情开始)”可知，本句承接上文，说明写下感恩事情的好处。故F选项“这样做可以帮助你认识到你周围的小好事”是上文的结果，故选F。 18．根据上文“Laughter really is fantastic medicine. Loud laughs can calm the brain`s stress center. Watch one of your favorite TV plays or even try laughter yoga. It might be a good choice to reach out to others for help to laugh out loud.(笑真的是一剂良药。大声笑能使大脑的压力中枢平静下来。看一部你最喜欢的电视剧，甚至试试笑瑜伽。向别人寻求帮助大声笑出来可能是一个不错的选择)”以及后文“It can help lift your mood during difficult times.(它可以帮助你在困难时期提升情绪)”可知，上文提到了向别人寻求帮助，推测本句是在说明寻求帮助的人群，后文提到这一做法的好处，故G选项“拥有一个积极的朋友或家人网络真的会有很大的不同”符合语境，故选G。 19．根据后文“Acts of kindness can increase your sense of well-being. Even something as simple as giving someone a smile can leave you both feeling happier. Challenge yourself to do at least one kind thing for someone else each day, such as buying a stranger a cup of coffee or donating to a cause that matters to you.(善意的行为可以增加你的幸福感。即使是像给别人一个微笑这样简单的事情也能让你们俩都感觉更快乐。挑战自己，每天至少为别人做一件好事，比如给陌生人买杯咖啡，或者为你觉得重要的事情捐款)”可知，本段的主旨是通过善举来增加幸福，传递爱。故A选项“传递爱”符合语境，故选A。 20．根据上文“Exercise produces pleasurable brain chemicals and relieves bad emotions. When you participate in physical activities that bring you joy, your thinking will clear. If it’s hard to find time to get to the gym, there are many exercise videos you can follow online.(运动能产生令人愉悦的大脑化学物质，缓解不良情绪。当你参加给你带来快乐的体育活动时，你的思维会变得清晰。如果你很难找到时间去健身房，你可以在网上观看很多锻炼视频)”可知，上文提到了观看锻炼视频，推测本句说明下一步就是开始有规律地锻炼，故D选项“主要目标是大汗淋漓并有规律地锻炼”符合语境，故选D。 Passage 02 （重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）A great poem can be there for you — just like other works of art you hold dear. 16 . Or make you feel happy or excited. Franny Choi, an educator and co-host of the poetry podcast VS, says some poems make her want to “get out of my chair and shout it from the rooftops.” But if you haven’t flexed (活动) your poetry muscle in a while, those feelings might be a little hard to get. Here are some tips to help you meaningfully connect to a poem. Don’t approach poetry like it’s school The way poetry is taught in school can be a barrier (障碍) to entry. “People are taught that the way to engage with a poem is by trying to understand it, master it and write an essay about it,” says Choi. “ 17 .” So rest easy as you read a poem — there’s no quiz at the end! Read it out loud “Poetry was an oral art form before anything else,” says Choi. “And a lot of information can be gained from reading poems out loud.” As an exercise, try reading a poem aloud a few different ways: like you’re savoring every word and every syllable or like you’re explaining something really difficult to someone else. 18 . Visualize the poem A poem might offer visual imagery (意象) — or may not. 19 . Think of the poem like a movie or a play and you’re the director. “What colors would you use? What kind of setting is there? If there’s light, what kind of light would it be? Twilight? Dusk? 20 ? Can you imagine the speaker?” These brain pictures will illuminate whatever it is you seem to be getting out of the poem. A．Would it be indoors or outdoors B．What ideas float around in your mind C．It can help you process sadness, anger or fear D．It may help further your understanding of the poem E．It is a cherished art form that appeals to our motions F．If not, go ahead and fill them in with your imagination G．That keeps us from developing personal relationships with poetry 【答案】16．C 17．G 18．D 19．F 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一些方法帮助人们更好地欣赏诗歌。 16．根据上文的“A great poem can be there for you — just like other works of art you hold dear.(一首伟大的诗可以为你而存在——就像你珍视的其他艺术作品一样。)”和下文“Or make you feel happy or excited.(或者让你感到高兴或兴奋。)”可知，诗歌可以让人感到快乐和兴奋，本空谈论与“诗歌的作用”相关话题。C项“It can help you process sadness, anger or fear(它可以帮助你处理悲伤、愤怒或恐惧)”能承上启下，符合题意，且选项中的“sadness, anger or fear”与后文中的“happy or excited”相对应。故选C。 17．根据上文的““People are taught that the way to engage with a poem is by trying to understand it, master it and write an essay about it,” says Choi.(崔说：“人们被教导说，与一首诗互动的方式是试图理解它，掌握它，并就此写一篇文章。”)”可知，本文要说人们被迫这样做的影响。G项“That keeps us from developing personal relationships with poetry(这阻碍了我们与诗歌建立个人关系)”能承接上文，说明这种教育方式带来的后果。故选G。 18．根据上文的“As an exercise, try reading a poem aloud a few different ways: like you’re savoring every word and every syllable or like you’re explaining something really difficult to someone else.(作为练习，试着用几种不同的方式大声朗读一首诗：比如你在欣赏每一个单词和每一个音节，或者你在向别人解释一些非常困难的事情。)”可知，本空要说大声朗读诗歌的作用。D项“It may help further your understanding of the poem(它可能有助于进一步理解这首诗)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 19．根据上文的“A poem might offer visual imagery (意象) — or may not.(一首诗可能提供视觉意象，也可能没有。)”可知，本空要谈论“如果没有提供视觉意象该怎样做”有关的话题。F项“If not, go ahead and fill them in with your imagination(如果没有，那就用你的想象力来填补它们吧)”能承接上文，符合题意，说明如果没有视觉意象，就用想象力来填补。故选F。 20．根据上文的“What colors would you use? What kind of setting is there? If there’s light, what kind of light would it be?(你会用什么颜色？那里有什么样的环境？如果有光，会是什么样的光？)”和下文的“Can you imagine the speaker?(你能想象演讲者的样子吗？)”可知，本空仍然是对诗歌的想象，A 项“Would it be indoors or outdoors(是在室内还是室外？)”与前文构成并列关系，都是对诗歌的想象。故选A。 Passage 03 （浙江省杭州市2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末）Going on a solo travel adventure is more than just a holiday. 36 The decision to explore the world alone opens the door to a number of experiences that can reshape your life attitudes, build your confidence, and enrich your life in ways you may have never imagined! Here are some ways that solo traveling can change your life. 37 It might mean overcoming language difficulties, finding your way through confusing public transportation systems, or making quick decisions. The decisions you make, from choosing destinations to exploring unfamiliar streets, are totally your own. In this process, you discover aspects of yourself that may have remained unknown in your daily life. One of the most enriching aspects of solo travel is the opportunity to experience different cultures. 38 Whether it’s starting a conversation with a street vendor (摊贩) or sharing a meal with locals, solo travel provides a unique window into the cultural makeup of each destination. Solo travel is a constant exercise in adaptability and problem-solving. From understanding foreign languages to managing unexpected changes in plans, you are regularly faced with problems that demand creative solutions. 39 Solo travel is a journey of self-reliance and independence. As you go through the headaches of planning and making a trip on your own, you surely build a deep sense of self-confidence. 40 You have to rely on yourself to choose the next destination, manage your money and solve unexpected problems. Solo travel is an exploration of the self, an opportunity for cultural immersion (浸润), and a spark for personal growth. The impact of solo travel extends beyond the length of your trip, leaving you with a set of skills, perspectives, and memories that will last a lifetime. A．Solo travel forces you out of your comfort zone. B．Being alone makes you more approachable to locals. C．The challenges sometimes make you feel frustrated. D．It’s a journey of self-discovery, growth and transformation. E．The decisions, both big and small, are entirely yours to make. F．The lessons learned on the road translate into increased self-respect. G．These problem-solving skills become valuable wealth in your everyday life. 【答案】36．D 37．A 38．B 39．G 40．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了独自旅行的好处。 36．根据上文“Going on a solo travel adventure is more than just a holiday. (独自旅行不仅仅是一次度假)”以及后文“The decision to explore the world alone opens the door to a number of experiences that can reshape your life attitudes, build your confidence, and enrich your life in ways you may have never imagined! Here are some ways that solo traveling can change your life.(独自探索世界的决定为你打开了一扇通往许多经历的大门，这些经历可以重塑你的生活态度，建立你的信心，并以你从未想象过的方式丰富你的生活!这里有一些独自旅行可以改变你的生活的方式)”可知，本句承接上文，接着叙述独自旅行的深层次含义。故D选项“这是一段自我发现、成长和转变的旅程”符合语境，故选D。 37．根据本段内容“It might mean overcoming language difficulties, finding your way through confusing public transportation systems, or making quick decisions. The decisions you make, from choosing destinations to exploring unfamiliar streets, are totally your own. In this process, you discover aspects of yourself that may have remained unknown in your daily life.(这可能意味着克服语言障碍，在令人困惑的公共交通系统中找到方向，或者快速做出决定。你所做的决定，从选择目的地到探索陌生的街道，完全是你自己的。在这个过程中，你会发现自己在日常生活中可能不为人知的方面)”可知，本段主要说明了独自旅行会发现不为人知的方面，且提到了会遇到的困难，本句为本段主旨句，主要说明独自旅行的意义一方面。故A选项“独自旅行迫使你走出自己的舒适区”符合语境，故选A。 38．根据后文“Whether it’s starting a conversation with a street vendor (摊贩) or sharing a meal with locals, solo travel provides a unique window into the cultural makeup of each destination.(无论是与街头小贩攀谈，还是与当地人共进晚餐，独自旅行都为了解每个目的地的文化构成提供了一个独特的窗口)”可知，后文提到了和街头小贩攀谈以及和当地人共进晚餐，说明提供了和当地人接近的机会。故B选项“独处会让当地人更容易接近你”符合语境，故选B。 39．根据上文“Solo travel is a constant exercise in adaptability and problem-solving. From understanding foreign languages to managing unexpected changes in plans, you are regularly faced with problems that demand creative solutions. (独自旅行是对适应能力和解决问题能力的不断锻炼。从理解外语到管理计划中的意外变化，你经常面临需要创造性解决方案的问题)”可知，上文提到了独自旅行可以提高解决问题的能力，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明好处。故G选项“这些解决问题的技能会成为你日常生活中宝贵的财富”符合语境，故选G。 40．根据上文“Solo travel is a journey of self-reliance and independence. As you go through the headaches of planning and making a trip on your own, you surely build a deep sense of self-confidence.(独自旅行是自力更生和独立的旅程。当你经历了计划和独自旅行的头痛时，你肯定会建立起一种深深的自信)”以及后文“You have to rely on yourself to choose the next destination, manage your money and solve unexpected problems.(你必须依靠自己来选择下一个目的地，管理你的钱，解决意想不到的问题)”可知，本段主要论述了独自旅行需要自己做好决策的情况。故E选项“决定，无论大小，都完全由你来做”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 04 （云南省昭通一中教研联盟2022-2023学年高一下学期期末） How Can I Add More Space to My Home? Reorganize and Remove Unnecessary Items Firstly, make the most of what you already have. Reorganizing and removing unnecessary items can free up previously underused (未充分利用的) spaces. 36 Donate items you no longer need, invest in smart storage solutions, and remember that less is often more. Use Multipurpose Furniture Furniture that serves multiple purposes is an economical space saver. 37 This type of furniture can greatly reduce clutter and make rooms feel bigger. 38 Sometimes, creating a sense of space can be as simple as introducing more light or adding a few strategically placed mirrors. 39 Meanwhile, good lighting can open up spaces, making them feel more welcoming and spacious. Transform Unused Spaces Don’t forget about those often-overlooked nooks and crannies. Transform the space under your stairs into a home office, or convert the loft into a cosy bedroom. 40 In conclusion, adding more space to your home doesn’t have to cost a fortune. With a bit of creativity and the right approach, you can maximize your living space and enjoy your home anew. A．Use Outdoor Spaces B．Use Mirrors and Light C．Don’t underestimate the potential of your outdoor spaces. D．A messy room feels smaller, while an organized room appears spacious. E．Basements can also provide substantial extra living space if refurbished properly. F．Mirrors create a feeling of depth and strengthen natural light, making rooms appear larger. G．Think beds with drawers underneath, or fold-down tables that can be put aside when not in use. 【答案】36．D 37．G 38．B 39．F 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过重组、多功能家具、利用光线和镜子、改造未使用空间等方法，为家居增添更多空间。 36．由上文“Reorganizing and removing unnecessary items can free up previously underused spaces. (重新整理和移除不必要的物品可以腾出以前未充分利用的空间。)”可知，本空应强调重新整理和移除不必要物品能带来空间上的变化，D选项“A messy room feels smaller, while an organized room appears spacious. (杂乱的房间感觉更小，而整洁的房间显得宽敞。)”进一步阐述了房间整理前后空间感受的不同，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 37．由上文“Furniture that serves multiple purposes is an economical space saver. (具有多种用途的家具是一种经济实惠的节省空间的方式。)”可知，本空应举例说明多功能家具的类型，G选项“Think beds with drawers underneath, or fold - down tables that can be put aside when not in use. (想想床下有抽屉的床，或者不用时可以收起来的折叠桌。)”具体举例说明了多功能家具的样子，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 38．由下文“Sometimes, creating a sense of space can be as simple as introducing more light or adding a few strategically placed mirrors. (有时，创造空间感可以像引入更多光线或添加一些巧妙放置的镜子一样简单。)”可知，本段主要讲利用镜子和光线来营造空间感，本空应强调利用镜子和光线，B选项“Use Mirrors and Light (使用镜子和光线)”能概括本段内容，符合题意。故选B。 39．由上文“Sometimes, creating a sense of space can be as simple as introducing more light or adding a few strategically placed mirrors. (有时，创造空间感可以像引入更多光线或添加一些巧妙放置的镜子一样简单。)”可知，本空应进一步阐述镜子在增加空间感方面的具体作用，F选项“Mirrors create a feeling of depth and strengthen natural light, making rooms appear larger. (镜子能营造出深度感，增强自然光，让房间看起来更大。)”具体解释了镜子如何营造空间感，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 40．由上文“Don’t forget about those often-overlooked nooks and crannies. Transform the space under your stairs into a home office, or convert the loft into a cosy bedroom. (不要忘记那些经常被忽视的角落。把楼梯下的空间改造成家庭办公室，或者把阁楼改造成舒适的卧室。)”可知，本空应强调改造未利用空间，E选项“Basements can also provide substantial extra living space if refurbished properly. (如果装修得当，地下室也可以提供大量的额外生活空间。)”继续举例说明地下室这一未利用空间可改造利用，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 Passage 05 （新疆兵团地州学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）Are you aware that you use body language when communicating with others? What body postures, gestures, facial expressions, and eye movements do you usually use? Research has suggested that about 65% of meaning in human communication comes from non-verbal behavior. 16 . Here are some body language tips to build more open connections with others. Smile. The simplest way to start a positive relationship is to smile. When looking into someone’s eyes, smile as if you see something in their eyes that makes you happy. 17 Personal space. Keep the space open before your upper body. Try not to fold your arms, put your bag on your lap, hug your bag, or do anything that covers up the upper front part of your body. 18 . On the other hand, closing the space in front of you sends the message of “Don’t talk to me. I’m not interested to engage with anyone”. Have eye contact. Eye contact helps establish connections and lets other people know you are listening. 19 . Just look away from time to time to give them some space. 20 . Wear your emotions on your face. If you feel sad, then express sadness. If you feel surprised, express surprise. If you feel happy, express happiness. Don’t keep your emotions inside yourself. A powerful gesture will show your charm, which will make you more confident. These tips will help you make more friends and work towards a more connective and inclusive society. A．But don’t stare B．But don’t laugh out loud C．Be open with your emotions D．Be aware of what your body is saying E．Keeping the area open will make you more approachable F．Sometimes body language even makes up as much as 90% G．Body language sometimes carries hidden meanings and emotions 【答案】16．F 17．B 18．E 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍通过微笑、注意个人空间等肢体语言与他人建立良好联系的方法。 16．上文“Research has suggested that about 65% of meaning in human communication comes from non-verbal behavior.(研究表明，人类交流中约 65% 的意义来自非语言行为。)”指出人类交流中约65%的意义来自非语言行为，F选项“Sometimes body language even makes up as much as 90%(有时肢体语言甚至占比高达90%)”进一步强调肢体语言的重要性，与上文在数据上形成递进关系，突出肢体语言在交流中的关键作用，为下文引出肢体语言技巧做铺垫，符合语境。故选F项。 17．该段小标题为“Smile(微笑)”强调微笑的重要性，上文“When looking into someone’s eyes, smile as if you see something in their eyes that makes you happy.(当注视着某人的眼睛时，微笑，就好像你在他们眼中看到了让你开心的东西。)”描述了微笑的方式，B选项“But don’t laugh out loud(但不要大声笑)”与微笑相关，补充了微笑时的注意事项，进一步细化微笑的行为要求，与前文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B项。 18．该段小标题为“Personal space(个人空间)”讲述个人空间相关内容，上文“Keep the space open before your upper body. Try not to fold your arms, put your bag on your lap, hug your bag, or do anything that covers up the upper front part of your body.(保持上半身前方的空间开放。尽量不要双臂交叉、把包放在腿上、抱着包，或者做任何遮挡上半身前部的事情。)” 建议保持上半身前方空间开放，E选项“Keeping the area open will make you more approachable(保持这个区域开放会让你更平易近人)”解释了保持空间开放的好处，承接上文，符合语境。故选E项。 19．该段小标题为“Have eye contact(进行眼神交流)”强调眼神交流的重要性。上文“Eye contact helps establish connections and lets other people know you are listening.(眼神交流有助于建立联系，并让其他人知道你在倾听。)”阐述了眼神交流的作用，下文“Just look away from time to time to give them some space.(偶尔移开视线，给他们一些空间。)”表示要时不时移开视线，A选项“But don’t stare(但不要盯着看)”与主题内容一致，在眼神交流的度上给出建议，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选A项。 20．下文“Wear your emotions on your face. If you feel sad, then express sadness. If you feel surprised, express surprise. If you feel happy, express happiness. Don’t keep your emotions inside yourself.(把你的情绪表现在脸上。如果你感到悲伤，那就表达悲伤。如果你感到惊讶，就表达惊讶。如果你感到快乐，就表达快乐。不要把情绪藏在心里。)”强调要坦率地表达情绪，C选项“Be open with your emotions(坦率表达你的情绪)”为祈使句，与其它段落的小标题句式一致，且准确概括了该段内容，符合语境。故选C项。 Passage 06 （四川省宜宾市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Ways to keep your brain young Every brain changes with age, and mental function changes along with it. Mental decline is common, and it's one of the most feared consequences of aging. But cognitive(认知的) damage is not unavoidable. 16 . Get mental stimulation Through research with mice and humans, scientists have found that brainy activities stimulate new connections between nerve cells and may even help the brain generate new cells. 17 Read, take courses, and try “mental gymnastics,” such as word puzzles or math problems that require mental effort like drawing, painting, and other crafts. Get physical exercise 18 . People who exercise regularly increase the number of tiny blood vessels that bring oxygen- rich blood to the region of the brain that is responsible for thought. Exercise also spurs the development of new nerve cells and increases the connections between brain cells. 19 Good nutrition can help your mind as well as your body. For example, people that eat a Mediterranean style diet that emphasizes fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts, unsaturated oils (olive oil) and plant sources of proteins are less likely to develop cognitive impairment and dementia. In this way, both your blood sugar and blood pressure will be in good control. Care for your emotions People who are anxious, depressed, sleep- deprived, or exhausted tend to score poorly on cognitive function tests. Immediate actions should be taken to prevent cognitive decline. Neglecting your emotional well- being can have a profound impact on your ability to think clearly, make decisions, and maintain a high level of mental sharpness. 20 . A．Improve your diet B．Improve your blood sugar C．Enough sleep is of great importance for brain D．Research shows that using your muscles helps your mind E．Here are some ways you can help maintain brain function F．Any mentally stimulating activity should help to build up your brain G．Positive moods can reduce stress and anxiety, leading to improved mental health 【答案】16．E 17．F 18．D 19．A 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述让大脑保持年轻的方法。 16．由上文“Every brain changes with age, and mental function changes along with it. Mental decline is common, and it's one of the most feared consequences of aging. But cognitive（认知的） damage is not unavoidable. (每个大脑都会随着年龄的增长而变化，精神功能也会随之变化。精神衰退很常见，这是衰老最可怕的后果之一。但认知损伤并非不可避免。)”可知，这里主要讲每个大脑都会随着年龄的增长而衰老。而E项“Here are some ways you can help maintain brain function(以下是一些可以帮助维持大脑功能的方法)”符合语境，其中maintain brain function有承上作用，Here are some ways有启下作用。故选E项。 17．由下文“Read, take courses, and try “mental gymnastics,” such as word puzzles or math problems that require mental effort like drawing, painting, and other crafts.(阅读、参加课程，并尝试“脑力体操”，如字谜或需要脑力劳动的数学问题，如绘画、油画和其他手工艺。)”可知，这里讲一些具体可以刺激大脑的活动，而F项“Any mentally stimulating activity should help to build up your brain(任何精神刺激活动都应该有助于建立你的大脑)”符合语境，其中Any mentally stimulating activity 与下文具体的活动对应，有启下作用。故选F项。 18．由下文“People who exercise regularly increase the number of tiny blood vessels that bring oxygen- rich blood to the region of the brain that is responsible for thought. Exercise also spurs the development of new nerve cells and increases the connections between brain cells.(经常锻炼的人会增加微小血管的数量，这些血管将富氧血液输送到负责思考的大脑区域。运动还能刺激新神经细胞的发育，增加脑细胞之间的联系。)”可知，这里主要讲锻炼对大脑有好处，而D项“Research shows that using your muscles helps your mind(研究表明，使用肌肉有助于大脑)”符合语境，其中using your muscles与下文exercise对应，有启下作用。故选D项。 19．由下文“Good nutrition can help your mind as well as your body. For example, people that eat a Mediterranean style diet that emphasizes fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts, unsaturated oils (olive oil) and plant sources of proteins are less likely to develop cognitive impairment and dementia. In this way, both your blood sugar and blood pressure will be in good control.(良好的营养可以帮助你的大脑和身体。例如，吃地中海式饮食的人，强调水果、蔬菜、鱼、坚果、不饱和油（橄榄油）和植物来源的蛋白质，不太可能患上认知障碍和痴呆症。这样，你的血糖和血压都会得到很好的控制。)”可知，本段主要讲好的饮食对大脑的好处。而A项“Improve your diet(改善你的饮食)”符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中diet与下文对应。故选A项。 20．由上文“People who are anxious, depressed, sleep- deprived, or exhausted tend to score poorly on cognitive function tests. Immediate actions should be taken to prevent cognitive decline. Neglecting your emotional well- being can have a profound impact on your ability to think clearly, make decisions, and maintain a high level of mental sharpness.(焦虑、抑郁、睡眠不足或疲惫的人往往在认知功能测试中得分很低。应立即采取行动防止认知能力下降。忽视你的情绪健康会对你清晰思考、做出决定和保持高度思维敏捷的能力产生深远的影响。)”可知，这里主要讲情绪对大脑的作用，而G项“Positive moods can reduce stress and anxiety, leading to improved mental health(积极的情绪可以减轻压力和焦虑，从而改善心理健康)”符合语境，其中Positive moods与上文your emotional well-being对应，有承上作用。故选G项。 Passage 07 （河北省河北名校联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Here are some steps to help you use the power of meditation (冥想) for better sleep. Choose your focus With many meditation choices, it’s important to determine which works for you. If you’re a music lover, listening to meditation music for sleep can be relaxing. 36 . If you want simplicity, focusing on your own breath can be a practical and useful experience. 37 Your surroundings can greatly influence the quality of your meditation. It’s essential to build an environment that is helpful for relaxation. 38 —this might mean turning off notices on your phone. Dim (暗淡的) lights or candles guide senses to deep peace. Sit or lie comfortably 39 . When the goal is to help you fall into sleep more easily, lying down especially in a supportive bed can be ideal. If you can’t fall asleep quickly or feel comfortable, try sitting up with cushions (垫子) to support you. The main thing is to keep your back straight and avoid putting pressure on any part of your body. Be consistent (始终如一的) The power of meditation shines through with regular practice. As with mastering any skill, consistency is your strong supporter. Start with short parts and gradually extend as you become more comfortable. Whether it’s 5 minutes or 30 minutes, the key is to make it a nightly routine. 40 , making the process more effective gradually. A．Create the right space B．Absorb every de tail of the scene C．The base of a successful meditation is comfort D．Remember, it’s natural for the mind to wander E．Make sure your room is free from troublesome noises F．It helps to calm your mind through a regular pattern of sounds G．Over time, your brain will connect this practice with relaxation and sleep 【答案】36．F 37．A 38．E 39．C 40．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。冥想被广泛推荐为促进健康的做法，基础冥想及坐在舒适的位置并通过什么都不做来使自己的思想安静。本文介绍了一些开始基本冥想练习的方法。 36．根据上文“With many meditation choices, it’s important to determine which works for you. If you’re a music lover, listening to meditation music for sleep can be relaxing.(有很多冥想选择，重要的是要确定哪种适合你。如果你是一个音乐爱好者，听冥想音乐睡觉可以让你放松)”可知，听冥想音乐睡觉可以让你放松，空处应承接上文，继续说明冥想音乐的好处。F选项“有规律的声音有助于平静你的头脑”符合语境，故选F。 37．根据本段内容“Your surroundings can greatly influence the quality of your meditation. It’s essential to build an environment that is helpful for relaxation.(你周围的环境会极大地影响你冥想的质量。营造一个有利于放松的环境是很重要的)”可知，本段的主旨是创造一个适合冥想的环境或空间。A选项“创造合适的空间”符合语境，故选A。 38．根据后文“this might mean turning off notices on your phone(这可能意味着关掉手机上的通知)”可知，后文提到关掉通知，即确保没有噪音的打扰。E选项“确保你的房间没有烦人的噪音”符合语境，故选E。 39．根据标题“Sit or lie comfortably(舒适地坐着或躺着)”以及后文“When the goal is to help you fall into sleep more easily, lying down especially in a supportive bed can be ideal. If you can’t fall asleep quickly or feel comfortable, try sitting up with cushions (垫子) to support you. The main thing is to keep your back straight and avoid putting pressure on any part of your body.(当你的目标是帮助你更容易入睡时，躺下，尤其是在有支撑的床上是理想的。如果你不能很快入睡或者感觉不舒服，试着用靠垫支撑你坐起来。最重要的是保持背部挺直，避免对身体的任何部位施加压力)”可知，本段主要强调了舒适性，C选项中comfort可对应标题comfortably。C选项“成功的冥想的基础是舒适”符合语境，故选C。 40．根据上文“Whether it’s 5 minutes or 30 minutes, the key is to make it a nightly routine.(不管是5分钟还是30分钟，关键是要让它成为每晚的例行公事)”以及后文“making the process more effective gradually(使过程逐渐变得更有效)”可知，本句承接上文，说明变成睡前例行公事的原因是为了让冥想和睡眠联系起来，更加有效。G选项“随着时间的推移，你的大脑会将这种练习与放松和睡眠联系起来”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 08 （广东省广州市越秀区广中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Four most important eye expressions The language of our eyes is one of the most powerful and useful tools of non-verbal (非语言的) communication. 16 Here are four most important eye expressions that we see every day. 1. Smiling eyes Researchers have long noticed that a sincere smile starts with our eyes. When we are sincerely happy, the skin around the corners of our eyes crinkles (出现皱纹). But a social, polite smile touches only our lips (嘴唇). 17 For example, when a shop assistant smiles at you, offering help, you will immediately get the feeling that they are just trying to sell you something 2. 18 People who avoid eye contact during a conversation are often considered as insincere. What does little or no eye contact mean then? Anything from shyness to nervousness. 3. Friendly eyes When you are carrying on a conversation, looking the speaker straight in the eyes sends a clear message to him: 19 This is why so many public speaking experts advise keeping eye ntact with the speaker. 4. “Shut” eyes Covering the eyes for a long period of time sends a message that you are trying to block out something that you do not want to hear. For example, a man who is asked to work on the weekend may cover his eyes with his fingers as he answers, “No problem.” 20 . A．Shy eyes B．Empty eyes C．Such behavior is seen with liars. D．You are paying attention to the talk. E．The smile you are given is not in the eyes. F．What his gestures are showing is that he is not happy about it at all. G．So it is important to learn how to read the body language of the eyes. 【答案】16．G 17．E 18．A 19．D 20．F 【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们的眼睛的语言是其中一个最强大的和有用的通信工具，所以学习如何阅读身体语言中的眼睛是很重要的，这里有四个我们每天看到的最重要的眼睛表情，本文以此展开，讲述了四种常见的眼睛的语言。 16．根据上文"The language of our eyes is one of the most powerful and usef ul tools of non-verbal （非语言的） communication"可知，我们的眼睛的语言是其中一个最强大的和有用的通信工具。因此学会如何读懂眼睛的肢体语言是很重要的。故选G。 17．根据上文When we are sincerely happy, the skin around the corners of our eyes crinkles (出现皱纹). But a social, polite smile touches only our lips (嘴唇).（当我们由衷地高兴时，眼角的皮肤会起皱。但一个社交的、礼貌的微笑只会触及我们的嘴唇。）可知你的微笑从眼睛中看不出。故E符合语境。 18．根据下文"People who avoid eye contact during a conversation are often considered a s insincere．What does little or no eye contact mean then？Anything from shyness to nervousness．"（在谈话中避免眼神交流的人通常被认为是不真诚的。那么，很少或没有眼神交流意味着什么呢?从害羞到紧张。）中shyness可对应到A选项“害羞的眼睛”符合本段内容。故选A。 19．根据下文"This is why so many public speaking experts advise keeping eye contact with the speaker．"可知，这就是为什么这么多公共演讲专家建议与对话者保持眼神交流。因为眼神交流表示你在注意听谈话。故选D。 20．根据"For example，a man who is asked to work on the weekend may cover his eyes with his fingers as he answers，"No problem．""可知，例如，一个人被要求在周末工作时，可能用手指遮住他的眼睛当他回答"没问题"时，他的手势表明他对此一点也不高兴。故选F。 Passage 09 （北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）How objective are you? How often are you over-reacting to situations, taking things personally or judging people unfairly? We all do this at some time or another. 35 Under stress, most of us draw solely on our past experiences and biases, which cloud our ability to see things clearly and make sound judgments. Moreover, our desire to succeed is often so strong, that, under these intense circumstances, our limiting mental models tend to get in our way, creating even more stress and causing us to react in ways that we may regret. Our ability to be objective depends on our willingness to question our mental models, the lens through which we perceive, interpret and respond to our world. If our mental models are incorrect, then our understanding of what is going on and our response to it, are often incorrect. 36 The good news is that with practice, we can interrupt our automatic reactions, and choose a different response. Each time we do this, we are re-wiring our neural network by creating new pathways based on new models: new ways of perceiving and responding to our world. 37 One of the most powerful mental model transformation catalysts (催化剂) is new knowledge or logic that challenge old ways of thinking. 38 They’ve usually been with us a while, so we tend to trust them. For most of us, we have never been taught about mental models and how to evaluate them to determine if they are helpful or harmful. To transform unproductive mental models, we must change our mind! We have to decide, through our own logic and reason, whether our way of seeing the world is no longer valid for us. 39 It is in the wake of this new knowledge that transformation takes place. At that moment, a set of new connections is created in the brain. It’s these new connections that have the potential to enhance our mental resources to help us transform limiting mental models. A．We can actually learn to think smarter! B．An objective leader must judge and treat people fairly. C．This requires that we be open to new knowledge and reasoning. D．The key is to accept a problem as it occurs and not take it personally. E．This is why we sometimes misjudge situations and take things personally. F．As we have seen, mental models are deep — rooted beliefs we tend to hold onto. G．The challenge is that when we are under pressure, we tend to be less objective. 【答案】35．G 36．E 37．A 38．F 39．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了压力下人们易受既有观念影响，导致判断失准，建议通过挑战旧思维模式，学习新知识，重塑神经网络路径，以提升客观性与智慧，实现更公正的决策和反应。 35．上文“How often are you over-reacting to situations, taking things personally or judging people unfairly? We all do this at some time or another.(你多久会对情况反应过度，把事情个人化或不公平地评判别人？我们都会在某个时候这样做)”说明我们都会在某个时候不太客观地做事情，G项“挑战在于，当我们面临压力时，我们往往不那么客观。”承接上文内容，并引出下文“Under stress, most of us draw solely on our past experiences and biases, which cloud our ability to see things clearly and make sound judgments.(在压力下，我们大多数人只会利用过去的经验和偏见，这会影响我们清晰地看待事物和做出正确判断的能力)”，说明压力会影响我们客观判断的能力，G项承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 36．上文“Under stress, most of us draw solely on our past experiences and biases, which cloud our ability to see things clearly and make sound judgments. Moreover, our desire to succeed is often so strong, that, under these intense circumstances, our limiting mental models tend to get in our way, creating even more stress and causing us to react in ways that we may regret.(在压力下，我们大多数人只会利用过去的经验和偏见，这会影响我们清晰地看待事物和做出正确判断的能力。此外，我们对成功的渴望往往如此强烈，以至于在这种激烈的环境下，我们的限制性思维模式往往会阻碍我们，造成更大的压力，并导致我们做出可能后悔的反应)”说明影响我们客观判断的能力的原因包含压力和对成功的渴望，E项“这就是为什么我们有时会误判情况，把事情个人化。”承接上文，进一步说明上文原因可能导致的结果，符合题意。故选E。 37．上文“The good news is that with practice, we can interrupt our automatic reactions, and choose a different response. Each time we do this, we are re-wiring our neural network by creating new pathways based on new models: new ways of perceiving and responding to our world.(好消息是，通过练习，我们可以中断我们的自动反应，并选择不同的反应。每次我们这样做，我们都在通过基于新模型创建新的路径来重新连接我们的神经网络：感知和应对世界的新方式)”说明通过练习，我们可以创建新的路径重新连接我们的神经网络，以新的方式感知和应对世界，A项“我们实际上可以学会更聪明地思考！”进一步说明实际上，我们可以做到更聪明地思考，承接上文，符合题意。故选A。 38．下文“They’ve usually been with us a while, so we tend to trust them. For most of us, we have never been taught about mental models and how to evaluate them to determine if they are helpful or harmful.(它们通常和伴随我们一段时间，所以我们倾向于信任它们。对于我们大多数人来说，我们从未被教导过心理模型以及如何评估它们以确定它们是有益的还是有害的)”说明我们会倾向于相信伴随我们一段时间的心理模型，下文中的They指代F项中的mental models，F项“正如我们所看到的，心理模型是我们倾向于坚持的根深蒂固的信念。”说明心理模型的概念，引出下文，符合题意。故选F。 39．上文“To transform unproductive mental models, we must change our mind! We have to decide, through our own logic and reason, whether our way of seeing the world is no longer valid for us.(要转变效果不佳的思维模式，我们必须改变我们的思维方式！我们必须通过自己的逻辑和理性来决定，我们看待世界的方式是否对我们不再有效)”说明我们应该改变自己的思维方式，C项“这要求我们对新知识和推理持开放态度。”给出具体的做法，并引出下文“It is in the wake of this new knowledge that transformation takes place.(正是在这种新知识之后，才发生了转变)”，说明采取具体做法之后会发生的变化，C项承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 Passage 10 （安徽省马鞍山市2023~2024学年高一下学期期末） Four Ways to Get That Vacation Feeling in Two Days Going on vacation every week? It sounds like the wildest dream. But a simple mindset change can make it happen — no travel involved. 16 Get creative about making time Not everyone has Saturday and Sunday off work and actually some people often find their weekend schedules fully packed. 17 For example, devote an hour on Sunday morning to the housework, but protect the rest of the weekend as your vacation time. Reflect on what matters most 18 “Does it mean turning off your email reminders? Spending money carelessly?” Maybe it means being able to spend time with people you don’t normally get to see, or giving yourself a break on a workout. It’s helpful to make a list of those things and be able to follow through. 19 Doing something totally new is recommended, so you can disconnect from the same old routines controlling your life. Think about a journey: Drive to a part of town you’ve never been to before, go for a walk, and grab lunch at the first cute café you see. Don’t put extra pressure on yourself Treating your weekend like a vacation doesn’t mean it needs to be complicated (复杂的). If your “vacation” meets a few problems or lasts for only a few hours — don’t worry. It doesn’t have to be all or nothing. Don’t put pressure on yourself to have one “perfect vacation.” It’s meant to be fun. 20 A．Act like a tourist. B．Follow your routine as usual. C．Somehow, try your best to create a perfect vacation. D．Plus, there’s always another one just a few days away. E．But you could still find a solution to manage your time. F．Here are four tips for taking a vacation mindset at home. G．Focus on what makes a vacation different from a regular weekend. 【答案】16．F 17．E 18．G 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种方法，帮助你在不出行的情况下获得度假的感觉。 16．上文“Going on vacation every week? It sounds like the wildest dream. But a simple mindset change can make it happen — no travel involved.(每周都去度假？这听起来像是最狂野的梦想。但是一个简单的思维转变就可以实现——不需要旅行)”提出主题：不需要旅行也可以获得度假的感觉。F选项“Here are four tips for taking a vacation mindset at home.(这里有四个在家培养度假心态的建议)”紧承上文，引出了下文将要讲述的四个方法，起到了承上启下的作用。故选F项。 17．上文“Not everyone has Saturday and Sunday off work and actually some people often find their weekend schedules fully packed.(并不是每个人都能在周六和周日休息，实际上有些人经常发现自己的周末日程安排得很满)”提到有些人周末日程安排得很满，E选项“But you could still find a solution to manage your time.(但你仍然可以找到管理时间的方法)”紧承上文，提出了解决这一问题的方法，即找到管理时间的方法。同时，下文“For example, devote an hour on Sunday morning to the housework, but protect the rest of the weekend as your vacation time.(例如，在周日早上花一个小时做家务，但把周末剩下的时间当作你的度假时间)”是对这一方法的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 18．根据小标题“Reflect on what matters most (思考什么是最重要的)”可知，本段建议思考度假时什么事情最重要。G选项“Focus on what makes a vacation different from a regular weekend.(关注是什么让度假不同于普通的周末)”紧扣主题，进一步说明要关注度假与普通周末的不同之处，同时引出下文“Does it mean turning off your email reminders? Spending money carelessly?(这是否意味着关闭你的电子邮件提醒？花钱大手大脚？)”对一些具体事情的讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 19．根据下文“Doing something totally new is recommended, so you can disconnect from the same old routines controlling your life. Think about a journey: Drive to a part of town you’ve never been to before, go for a walk, and grab lunch at the first cute café you see.(建议做一些全新的事情，这样你就可以摆脱控制你生活的旧习惯。想象一次旅行：开车到一个你从未去过的地方，去散步，在你看到的第一个可爱的咖啡馆里吃午饭)”可知，本段主要建议尝试像游客一样去做一些全新的事情。A选项“Act like a tourist.(像个游客一样行动)”是对本段主题的概括，适合作小标题。故选A项。 20．上文“Don’t put pressure on yourself to have one ‘perfect vacation.’ It’s meant to be fun.(不要给自己压力去拥有一个‘完美的假期’。它应该是有趣的)”提到不要给自己压力去追求一个完美的假期，D选项“Plus, there’s always another one just a few days away.(而且，几天后还会有另一个假期)”紧承上文，指出了即使这个假期不完美，几天后还会有另一个机会，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 Passage 11 （江苏省常州市2023-2024学年高一下英语期末）Do you want to impress people with your words? Do you want to be the person at parties whose conversation is always filled with wisdom? 36 ● Read high-level journalism. One of the best ways to build your vocabulary is to meet new and difficult words in the context. 37 Publications such as the New York Times, The Economist, The New Yorker, and The Guardian are all excellent sources of English. ● 38 Your impressive words will not arouse your friends’ interest if you don’t sound comfortable using them. Practice using your new vocabulary as often as possible. Remember to be yourself. By all means be the best, most impressive version of you, but stay you. ● Present confident body language. About 70% of all communication is done through non-verbal communication, such as body language and gestures. 39 Stand straight. Don’t swing wildly or rush through your words or your gestures. Moving too quickly is a sign of nervousness. Make eye contact about 50% of the time when speaking, and about 70% of the time when listening. ● Learn to read your audience. One of the best ways to learn to read an audience is to watch and listen. A person who only listens to the sound of his own voice will not impress other people. Make sure to listen as well as speak. 40 For example, don’t assume that women will only want to discuss shopping or that men will only want to discuss sports. A．Practice until it comes naturally. B．Practice the conversation to keep it active. C．Here are some tips to amaze your audiences. D．Don’t make assumptions about your audience. E．In order to delight your audience, you should express confidence when you speak. F．To impress people, you must know how to recognize opportunities where you can be wise. G．Reading newspapers will expose you to new vocabulary and inform you about the world. 【答案】36．C 37．G 38．A 39．E 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过提升语言表达和沟通技巧来给人留下深刻印象的建议。 36．上文“Do you want to impress people with your words? Do you want to be the person at parties whose conversation is always filled with wisdom?(你想用你的语言给人留下深刻印象吗？你想成为聚会上谈吐总是充满智慧的人吗？)”用两个问题引出文章主题，下文主要说明了让听众印象深刻的方法，C项“这里有一些技巧可以让你的听众大吃一惊”承上启下，统领全文，符合语境。故选C。 37．上文“One of the best ways to build your vocabulary is to meet new and difficult words in the context.(积累词汇量最好的方法之一就是在语境中遇到新的和难的单词)”指出积累词汇的方法，下文“Publications such as the New York Times, The Economist, The New Yorker, and The Guardian are all excellent sources of English.(《纽约时报》、《经济学人》、《纽约客》和《卫报》等出版物都是极好的英语来源)”建议阅读报纸来增加词汇量，G项“读报纸可以让你接触到新词汇，让你了解这个世界”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 38．下文“Your impressive words will not arouse your friends’ interest if you don’t sound comfortable using them. Practice using your new vocabulary as often as possible. Remember to be yourself. By all means be the best, most impressive version of you, but stay you.(如果你说的话听起来不舒服，那么你给人留下深刻印象的话语就不会引起朋友的兴趣。尽可能多地练习使用新词汇。记住做你自己。尽你所能，做最好的，最令人印象深刻的自己，但仍然做你自己)”指出如果你说的话听起来不舒服，那么你的话语就不会引起朋友的兴趣，可知本段的主旨是让对话更加自然，让人舒适，A项“练习，直到它变得自然”符合语境。故选A。 39．上文“About 70% of all communication is done through non-verbal communication, such as body language and gestures. (大约70%的交流是通过非语言交流完成的，比如肢体语言和手势)”总体上提及非语言交流的重要性，下文“Stand straight. Don’t swing wildly or rush through your words or your gestures. Moving too quickly is a sign of nervousness. Make eye contact about 50% of the time when speaking, and about 70% of the time when listening.(站直。不要疯狂地摇摆或匆忙地表达你的语言或手势。行动太快是紧张的表现。说话时大约50%的时间进行眼神交流，倾听时大约70%的时间进行眼神交流)”指出了正确的肢体语言，E项“为了使你的听众高兴，你说话的时候应该表现出自信”说明通过肢体语言来表现出自信，承上启下，且与本段小标题“展示自信的肢体语言”相呼应，符合语境，故选E。 40．下文“For example, don’t assume that women will only want to discuss shopping or that men will only want to discuss sports.(例如，不要认为女人只想谈论购物，或者男人只想谈论体育)”表明不要对听众做假设，D选项“不要对你的听众做假设”引出下文，选项中assumptions对应下文assume，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 12 （重庆市西南大学附中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）It’s a struggle for many of us to get out of the sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, despite our best intentions. 16 , the biggest barriers are mental ones. Maybe it’s a lack of self-confidence that keeps you from taking positive steps, or you get easily discouraged and give up. You already know there are many ways and great reasons to exercise — from improving mood, sleep, and health to reducing anxiety. But knowing how and why to exercise can’t get you starting and sticking to your exercise plan. 17 , you need to follow these steps which can make exercise less painful and more fun. ● Get rid of the all-or-nothing attitude. You don’t have to spend hours in a gym or force yourself into boring or painful activities you hate to experience the physical and emotional benefits of exercise. 18 . In fact, adding just tiny amounts of physical activity to your weekly routine can have a great effect on your mental and physical health. ● Be kind to yourself. Don’t punish yourself if you miss a workout. 19 . If you miss a day, consider it a rest day, and remember there’s always tomorrow. If you have a hard time sticking with your workout routine, just try something different. There are plenty of ways to stay active, and at the end of the day, you will find an exercise routine that works for you. ● 20 . You are not out of shape overnight, and you’re not going to instantly transform your body either. Demanding too much, too soon only leads to dissatisfaction. Instead of paying attention only to results, focus on consistency (连贯性). A．Let it go and be patient B．Share the results with others C．Have reasonable expectations D．If you really want to make exercise a habit E．Remember a little exercise is better than nothing F．If you are having trouble in finding an exercise to do on a daily basis G．While practical concerns like a busy schedule can make exercise challenging 【答案】16．G 17．D 18．E 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。对于我们中的大多数人而言，摆脱久坐的生活方式是一件难事，而运动对于摆脱久坐有很多益处。本文介绍了如何使运动变得不那么痛苦且更有乐趣的方法。 16．空前“It’s a struggle for many of us to get out of the sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, despite our best intentions.(尽管我们有最好的意图，对我们中的许多人来说，摆脱久坐不动的生活方式是一场斗争)”说明对我们中的大多数人而言，摆脱久坐的生活方式仍是一件难事。空后“the biggest barriers are mental ones(最大的障碍是心理上的障碍)”说明最大的障碍是心理上的。空处内容很可能与心理障碍形成对比，且涉及阻碍我们运动的事情。G项“虽然繁忙的日程安排等实际问题可能会使锻炼具有挑战性”提到了现实生活中的一个实际问题——繁忙的日程，这能导致锻炼变得有挑战性，且与心理障碍形成对比。故选G。 17．空前“You already know there are many ways and great reasons to exercise — from improving mood, sleep, and health to reducing anxiety. But knowing how and why to exercise can’t get you starting and sticking to your exercise plan.(你已经知道有很多方法和很好的理由去锻炼——从改善情绪、睡眠和健康到减少焦虑。但是知道如何以及为什么锻炼并不能让你开始并坚持你的锻炼计划)”说明尽管你知道锻炼的多种方法和重要原因，但这些无法帮助你开始并坚持锻炼计划。空后“you need to follow these steps which can make exercise less painful and more fun(你需要遵循这些措施，它们可以让锻炼少一些痛苦，多一些乐趣)”说明需要遵循这些措施以使锻炼变得不那么痛苦且更有乐趣。由此可知，空处内容应是关于让锻炼变成习惯。D项“If you really want to make exercise a habit (如果你真的想让锻炼成为一种习惯)”提供了一个前提条件，表示如果你真的想要使锻炼成为一种习惯，这与空后提到的需要遵循的步骤紧密相关。故选D。 18．空前“Get rid of the all-or-nothing attitude. You don’t have to spend hours in a gym or force yourself into boring or painful activities you hate to experience the physical and emotional benefits of exercise.(摆脱孤注一掷的态度。你不必花几个小时在健身房或强迫自己做无聊或痛苦的你不喜欢的活动，为了体验锻炼对身体和情感的好处)”说明摒弃极端的态度，你不用长时间待在健身房或强迫自己做自己讨厌的单调或痛苦的活动来体验锻炼对身体和情感的益处。因此空处需要填入的内容应与对待运动的正确态度有关。E项“Remember a little exercise is better than nothing(请记住，一点运动总比没有好)”与空前提到的极端的态度形成对比，强调即使是少量的锻炼也好过完全不锻炼，且E项中的“a little exercise”与空后的“tiny amounts of physical activity”呼应。故选E。 19．空前“Be kind to yourself. Don’t punish yourself if you miss a workout.(善待自己。不要因为错过了锻炼而惩罚自己)”暗示空处填入的内容应与对待错过锻炼的态度有关，尤其是在没有按时每天锻炼时如何保持积极的心态。A项中的“Let it go”与前文的态度一致，强调采取一种轻松态度——随它去吧。A项中的“be patient”呼应后文中的“at the end of the day, you will find an exercise routine that works for you (归根结底，您会找到适合您的锻炼进程)”，因此推断A项“放手，耐心等待”符合句意。故选A。 20．根据最后三段的结构特点可知，空处是本段的主旨句。空后“You are not out of shape overnight, and you’re not going to instantly transform your body either. Demanding too much, too soon only leads to dissatisfaction. Instead of paying attention only to results, focus on consistency (连贯性).(你不会一夜之间走样，你也不会立刻改变你的身材。要求太多，太快只会导致不满。与其只关注结果，不如关注连贯性)”讲述你不是一夜之间变得不健康的，你也不可能立刻改变你的身体，接着指出要求太多和太快只会导致不满。由此可推知，本段主要讲述的是要有合理的锻炼期望。故选C。 Passage 13 （广东省深圳实验学校高中部2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. 46 So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it. 47 She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way. 48 Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising. 49 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 50 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. When you keep the steps small, it will become doable and achievable. A．Next, divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts. B．It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK. C．There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling. D．Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses. E．Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious. F．Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word. G．The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps. 【答案】46．D 47．B 48．G 49．A 50．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为The MicroMOVEment Wheel的方法可以让人坚持写日记。 46．根据上文“Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling.(最近，我进行了一项调查，以发现是什么阻碍了人们写日记)”可知，本句应承接上文，说明调查阻碍人们写日记问题的回答。故D选项“从哪里开始和没有足够的时间是最主要的回答”符合语境，故选D。 47．根据上一段“So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it.(所以，今天，我想介绍一个非常简单的工具——微动轮。它会帮助你拿起你的日记，即使有时你真的不喜欢它)”后文“She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.(她描述了创造这种方法，以便她可以将其作为写作项目和目标的创造性规划工具。虽然它最初是针对作家的，但您可以使用此技术以有趣和创造性的方式帮助您完成任何项目)”可知，本句主要是在说明上文提到的MicroMOVEment是谁提出的，B选项SARK对应后文She。故B选项“它是国际畅销书作家SARK的创意”符合语境，故选B。 48．根据后文“Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(下面是它的工作原理。拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)”以及后文“So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. (所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)”可知，本段主要介绍了工作原理，且后文提到了写日记的小步骤，可推测是把写日记的动作进行分解，故G选项“这种方法的妙处是把你的行动分解成最微小的步骤”符合语境，故选G。 49．根据上文“Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)”以及后文“These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.(这就是SARK所说的微运动。每个MicroMOVEment的长度为5分钟。所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)”可知，上文提到了画圆，在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标，故本句应当是在说明接下来的步骤。故A选项“接下来，把剩下的圆分成8等份”符合语境，故选A。 50．根据上文“Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience.(假设你刚开始写日记。每天抽出五分钟，你可以在笔记本上写下一个词来总结你的感受或经历)”以及后文“The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.(微运动的理念是创造简单的步骤，让你的日记写作或写作项目动起来)”可知，上文提到了第一步，故本句是在说明接下来该怎么做，故F选项“然后，列出与这个词相关的单词、图像或想法”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 14 （陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Using needles to help life’s energy flow For thousands of years, the Chinese have relieved pain and cured disease through acupuncture (针灸). Evolving from the discovery that using stone needles to prick (刺) specific points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms, 36 , in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature. According to Records of the Grand Historian, written by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a highly skilled physician during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having saved a prince from “death” by using needles to stimulate (刺激) the Baihui acupoint on the head of the unconscious man. According to TCM, there are a dozen meridians (中医经脉) in the human body, 37 . Cold, infections or diseases can result in the blocking of the energy, and so stimulating the acupoints can unblock stagnant (停滞的) qi, restore normal circulation and improve health. Today, acupuncture is still widely used in China. Li Ming, a 41-year-old who works in media, says that acupuncture really helped treat the dry eyes she had been suffering from since 2009. After trying many other ways, 38 . 39 , and after more than 130 visits, her symptoms significantly decreased, and her eyes became moist enough for her to restart her work in 2013. In 2010, UNESCO put acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. 40 , but also a medical technique widely used and researched today. A．a friend suggested she turn to a doctor at Beijing Tongren Hospital who excelled in treating the condition with acupuncture B．Yet, the practice is not just cultural and historical C．acupuncture has become a necessary part of traditional Chinese medicine D．where they can enjoy the basic pleasures as a human E．Li’s treatment lasted one and a half years F．where the qi, or life energy, circulates to nourish (滋养) the organs G．However, it is commonly believed that a successful surgery is the end of complete cure 【答案】36．C 37．F 38．A 39．E 40．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了针灸的历史以及治疗原理。 36．根据上文“For thousands of years, the Chinese have relieved pain and cured disease through acupuncture (针灸). (几千年来，中国人一直通过针灸来缓解疼痛和治疗疾病。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明针灸在中医中的重要地位。故C选项“针灸已经成为中医必不可少的一部分”符合语境，故选C。 37．根据上文“According to TCM, there are a dozen meridians (中医经脉) in the human body (根据中医，人体有十多条经络)”可知，本句承接上文，解释说明经脉的作用。故F选项“在这里，气或生命能量循环，滋养器官”符合语境，故选F。 38．根据上文“Today, acupuncture is still widely used in China. Li Ming, a 41-year-old who works in media, says that acupuncture really helped treat the dry eyes she had been suffering from since 2009. After trying many other ways (今天，针灸在中国仍被广泛使用。41岁的李明在媒体工作，她说针灸确实有助于治疗她自2009年以来一直患有的干眼症。在尝试了许多其他方法之后)”可知，本句主要说明李明在尝试多次之后的采取的治疗方法。故A选项“一位朋友建议她去找北京同仁医院的一位擅长针灸治疗的医生”符合语境，故选A。 39．根据后文“and after more than 130 visits, her symptoms significantly decreased, and her eyes became moist enough for her to restart her work in 2013.(在130多次就诊后，她的症状明显减轻，她的眼睛变得足够湿润，可以在2013年重新开始工作)”可知，本段主要说明了病人的治疗过程。故E选项“李的治疗持续了一年半”符合语境，故选E。 40．根据后文“but also a medical technique widely used and researched today (也是一种今天被广泛使用和研究的医疗技术)”可知，后文提到了如今的应用，推测本句是在说明过去的应用，B选项中not only与后文but also组成not only…but also…句型。故B选项“然而，这种做法不仅仅是文化和历史上的”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 15 （湖南省怀化市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）Reading is a practice that has been encouraged ever since we were kids. People generally believe it improves our vocabulary, grammar and general grasp on language. 16 Reading helps us stay focused. Reading a book needs us to pay a tent on to every detail and movement in the storyline. Whatever were reading, we are following the stream of thought of someone else, the writer. 17 And reading teaches us this much needed ability to pay attention to detail. 18 When reading a book, we go on a journey with the characters. Were member every place our favorite character has been, people they’ve met and all the events that have taken place in their lives. Being truly invested in the journey leads the mind to grasp quicker and hold on for longer, leading to a sharper brain. Reading builds empathy and cultural understanding. People from all over the world come together to contribute to literature with their own style, views and opinions. When we read a book from an author from the other comer of the world, we’re not just reading a story. 19 There’s something to learn in almost every book you’ll ever pick up. Reading inspires creativity. 20 It’s our creativity that helps us imagine every detail. Everything we read gives us a different perspective. Read ng takes us places we’ve never seen. And the imaginary thinking ability can help us even professional in ways we night never seen. And the imaginary thinking ability can help us even professionally in ways we might never thought of. To keep reading is to keep growing. So how about we pick another one! A．Reading sharpens the mind. B．Reading enables us to stay in good mood. C．And that requires us to stay focused through it all. D．The following are some ways that helps us read better. E．However, its outcome and the change it brings is far deeper. F．When reading a book, we imagine every scene described in the book. G．We are stepping into a world of different cultures, traditions and values. 【答案】16．E 17．C 18．A 19．G 20．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了阅读带来的一些深刻影响。 16．根据上文“Reading is a practice that has been encouraged ever since we were kids. People generally believe it improves our vocabulary, grammar and general grasp on language.(阅读是我们从小就被鼓励的一种习惯。人们普遍认为它能提高我们的词汇量、语法和对语言的总体把握)”可知，上文提到了对于阅读的普遍看法，后文主要列举了更深层次的影响，推测本句与上文构成转折，故E选项“然而，它的结果和它带来的变化要深刻得多”符合语境，引起下文，故选E。 17．根据上文“Reading helps us stay focused. Reading a book needs us to pay a tent on to every detail and movement in the storyline. Whatever were reading, we are following the stream of thought of someone else, the writer.(阅读帮助我们保持专注。阅读一本书需要我们关注故事情节中的每一个细节和动作。无论我们读的是什么，我们都是在追随另一个人——作家的思想之流)”可知，本句承接上文，说明追随作家思想的要求。故C选项“这就要求我们始终保持专注”符合语境，与本文主题句一致，故选C。 18．根据后文“When reading a book, we go on a journey with the characters. Were member every place our favorite character has been, people they’ve met and all the events that have taken place in their lives. Being truly invested in the journey leads the mind to grasp quicker and hold on for longer, leading to a sharper brain.(读书时，我们和书中的人物一起踏上了一段旅程。我们记得我们最喜欢的角色去过的每一个地方，他们遇到的人，以及他们生活中发生的所有事件。真正投入到这段旅程中，会让大脑掌握得更快，坚持得更久，让大脑更敏锐)”可知，本段主要说明了阅读让头脑变得敏锐，A选项sharpens对应后文a sharper brain。故A选项“读书使头脑敏锐”符合语境，故选A。 19．根据上文“Reading builds empathy and cultural understanding. People from all over the world come together to contribute to literature with their own style, views and opinions. When we read a book from an author from the other comer of the world, we’re not just reading a story.(阅读可以培养同理心和文化理解。来自世界各地的人们聚集在一起，以自己的风格、观点和观点为文学做出贡献。当我们读一本来自世界另一端作者的书时，我们不仅仅是在读一个故事)”可知，本句承接上文，说明阅读更深层次的文化理解，故G选项“我们正步入一个有着不同文化、传统和价值观的世界”符合语境，故选G。 20．根据后文“It’s our creativity that helps us imagine every detail.(正是我们的创造力帮助我们想象每一个细节)”可知，阅读会让我们开始想象，这是由于创造力，故F选项“阅读一本书时，我们想象书中描述的每一个场景”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 16 （辽宁省部分高中20232024学年高一下学期期末）The moon is a mysterious place that has fascinated humans for centuries. As technology has advanced, our ability to explore the moon has also increased. 16 One of the most significant advancements in moon exploration is the use of unmanned spacecraft. 17 These spacecrafts are able to travel to the moon and collect data that help us understand more about its composition, atmosphere, and geological features. By studying the moon, scientists can gain insights into the formation and evolution of our solar system. Another exciting aspect of lunar exploration is the potential for resource extraction (提取). 18 They could be used for various purposes, including the production of fuel and building materials. Extracting these resources could help reduce our dependence on Earth-based resources and pave the way for a more sustainable future. Moreover, lunar exploration also holds the promise of scientific discovery. By studying the moon, we can gain a deeper understanding of the universe and the laws of physics that govern it. 19 Furthermore, new scientific theories could revolutionize our understanding of the world. 20 The moon’s harsh environment, lack of atmosphere, and extreme temperature variations make it a difficult place to conduct experiments and operations. Despite these challenges, scientists and engineers continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in lunar exploration. In conclusion, lunar exploration is an exciting and important field that offers vast potential for scientific discovery and resource extraction. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see more advancements in this area and a deeper understanding of the moon and its role in our solar system. A．They can stay on the moon for longer periods of time. B．However, lunar exploration is not without its challenges. C．It allows scientists to collect data without risk to human life. D．This knowledge could lead to advancements in technology. E．The moon is believed to contain valuable minerals and resources. F．Here are some of the introductions of the unmanned spacecraft and new study. G．Here are some of the recent advancements in lunar exploration and its benefits. 【答案】16．G 17．C 18．E 19．D 20．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了月球探索的最新进展以及好处和挑战。 16．根据上文“The moon is a mysterious place that has fascinated humans for centuries. As technology has advanced, our ability to explore the moon has also increased.(月球是一个神秘的地方，几个世纪以来一直吸引着人类。随着科技的进步，我们探索月球的能力也增强了)”以及下一段“One of the most significant advancements in moon exploration is the use of unmanned spacecraft.(月球探测中最重要的进步之一是无人航天器的使用)”可知，本句为过渡句，引出后文月球探索的进展。故G选项“以下是月球探测的一些最新进展及其好处”符合语境，故选G。 17．根据上文“One of the most significant advancements in moon exploration is the use of unmanned spacecraft.(月球探测中最重要的进步之一是无人航天器的使用)”以及后文“These spacecrafts are able to travel to the moon and collect data that help us understand more about its composition, atmosphere, and geological features. By studying the moon, scientists can gain insights into the formation and evolution of our solar system.(这些航天器能够前往月球并收集数据，帮助我们更多地了解月球的组成、大气和地质特征。通过研究月球，科学家们可以深入了解我们太阳系的形成和演化)”可知，本句承接上文，介绍无人航天器的使用情况和好处。故C选项“它允许科学家在不危及人类生命的情况下收集数据”符合语境，故选C。 18．根据后文“They could be used for various purposes, including the production of fuel and building materials. Extracting these resources could help reduce our dependence on Earth-based resources and pave the way for a more sustainable future.(它们可以用于各种目的，包括生产燃料和建筑材料。开采这些资源有助于减少我们对地球资源的依赖，并为更可持续的未来铺平道路)”可知，本句主要说明月球上含有可以开采的资源，E选项minerals and resources对应后文these resources。故E选项“月球被认为含有有价值的矿物和资源”符合语境，故选E。 19．根据上文“Moreover, lunar exploration also holds the promise of scientific discovery. By studying the moon, we can gain a deeper understanding of the universe and the laws of physics that govern it.(此外，月球探索也有科学发现的希望。通过研究月球，我们可以对宇宙和支配它的物理定律有更深的了解)”以及后文“Furthermore, new scientific theories could revolutionize our understanding of the world.(此外，新的科学理论可以彻底改变我们对世界的理解)”可知，本句承接上文，说明掌握物理定律的好处。故D选项“这种知识可能导致技术的进步”符合语境，故选D。 20．根据后文“The moon’s harsh environment, lack of atmosphere, and extreme temperature variations make it a difficult place to conduct experiments and operations. Despite these challenges, scientists and engineers continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in lunar exploration.(月球的恶劣环境、缺乏大气层和极端的温度变化使它成为一个难以进行实验和操作的地方。尽管面临这些挑战，科学家和工程师们仍在继续挑战月球探测的极限)”可知，本段主要介绍了探月的挑战，B选项challenges对应后文challenges。故B选项“然而，探月并非没有挑战”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 17 （陕西省西安市临潼区华清中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）It is a great challenge of descriptive writing: finding that balance between using enough details to bring your description to life, but not so much that your readers are fed up with it. 11 Remember, you’re writing a description, not taking a photograph. 12 If you were photographing a tree, you would still make choices — lighting, framing, focus — that would capture the essence of the tree, but not its exact image. Trust your readers. Stephen King says in On Writing, “Description begins in the writer’s imagination, but should finish in the readers.” 13 If you offer an exactly right description — rather than a complete description — the readers’ completion of your description will be close enough to what you want them to “see” in the picture. 14 If you write this: “Wind stirred (吹动) the maple’s boughs, spurring leaves to wavelike a million green hands greeting them to hurry to its shady embrace”, you have created a real description, and you don’t need to write that the tree is big. Let actions take the place of description. This can be effective in describing emotions. Instead of “Sue felt sad as she stared at their wedding photo.”, try “Sue stared at their wedding photo until her stinging eyes could no longer focus. She turned the photo face down on her nightstand.” We now know, through her actions, that Sue is sad. 15 That is because we’re experiencing her physical reactions (stinging eyes) and actions (turned the photo face down) along with her. A．Focus on readers’ emotions. B．Readers can fill in the picture. C．Describe facts instead of actions. D．Embrace the use of metaphors and similes. E．It is not necessary to document every detail. F．Besides, we now feel more connected with her in that sadness. G．Fortunately, there are techniques you can use to find that balance. 【答案】11．G 12．E 13．B 14．D 15．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样写好描述而给了一些建议。 11．由上文“It is a great challenge of descriptive writing: finding that balance between using enough details to bring your description to life, but not so much that your readers are fed up with it.(这是描述性写作的一个巨大挑战：在使用足够的细节将你的描述生动起来，但又不至于让你的读者受够之间找到平衡)”可知，这里主要讲写作的一个巨大挑战，而G项Fortunately, there are techniques you can use to find that balance.(幸运的是，有一些技巧可以用来找到平衡)符合语境，其中that balance与上文对应，there are techniques有启下作用。故选G项。 12．由上文“Remember, you’re writing a description, not taking a photograph.(记住，你写的是描述，而不是拍照)”和下文“If you were photographing a tree, you would still make choices — lighting, framing, focus — that would capture the essence of the tree, but not its exact image.(如果你在拍摄一棵树，你仍然会做出选择——照明、取景、聚焦——这些都能捕捉到树的本质，但不能捕捉到它的确切图像)”可知，此空处应讲写作不应该把一个东西的所有面都描述出来。而E项It is not necessary to document every detail.(没有必要记录每一个细节)符合语境，有承上作用。故选E项。 13．由下文“If you offer an exactly right description — rather than a complete description — the readers’ completion of your description will be close enough to what you want them to‘see’ in the picture.(如果你提供了一个完全正确的描述——而不是一个完整的描述——读者对你的描述的完成程度将足够接近你希望他们在图片中‘看到’的内容)”可知，这里讲读者可以帮你让你的描述更加完整。而B项Readers can fill in the picture.(读者可以填写图片)符合语境，其中in the picture与后文对应，有启下作用。故选B项。 14．由下文“If you write this: ‘Wind stirred (吹动) the maple’s boughs, spurring leaves to wavelike a million green hands greeting them to hurry to its shady embrace’, you have created a real description, and you don’t need to write that the tree is big.(如果你写下这句话：‘风吹动了枫树的树枝，激起了树叶的波动，就像一百万只绿色的手在迎接他们，让他们赶紧走向它阴凉的怀抱’，你就创造了一个真实的描述，你不需要写这棵树很大)”可知，这里讲需要应用比喻来描述，而D项Embrace the use of metaphors and similes.(接受隐喻和明喻的使用)符合语境，对下文有总括作用。故选D项。 15．由上文“Let actions take the place of description. This can be effective in describing emotions. Instead of‘Sue felt sad as she stared at their wedding photo.’, try ‘Sue stared at their wedding photo until her stinging eyes could no longer focus. She turned the photo face down on her nightstand.’ We now know, through her actions, that Sue is sad. (让行动代替描述。这可以有效地描述情绪。‘苏看着他们的结婚照感到很难过。’相反，‘苏凝视着他们的结婚照，直到她那双刺痛的眼睛无法再集中注意力。她把床头柜上的照片面朝下翻了。’通过她的行为，我们现在知道苏很伤心)”可知，这里主要讲让行动代替描述，而F项Besides, we now feel more connected with her in that sadness.(此外，在这种悲伤中，我们现在感觉与她有了更多的联系)符合语境，其中Besides有承上作用，her代指上文Sue。故选F项。 Passage 18 （辽宁省葫芦岛市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine. 16 An estimated two million fungal species — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. 17 Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. 18 This has held back a lot of research.” 19 “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”. Some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees. 20 So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible — fungi. A．Are mushrooms a type of fungus? B．So, why do we know so little about them? C．Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife. D．The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them. E．“Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth. F．But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab. G．In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi — five or six times more than plants. 【答案】16．B 17．G 18．F 19．D 20．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了真菌的作用。 16．上文“Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine.( 真菌在生态系统中发挥着重要作用，是食物的来源，并为医学界做出了重要贡献)”提到真菌的重要作用，下文“An estimated two million fungal specie — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”提到90%以上的真菌尚未被科学描述，B项“那么，为什么我们对它们知之甚少呢？”承上启下，B项中it指代上文中的“Fungi”，故选B。 17．根据上文“An estimated two million fungal specie — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”可知，估计有200万种真菌尚未被科学描述，G项“在英国，大约有25000种真菌，是植物的5到6倍”承接上文，进一步描述真菌的庞大数量，故选G。 18．上文“We can grow a certain number in the lab.(我们可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物)”提到可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物，结合下文“This has held back a lot of research.(这阻碍了很多研究)”可知，空处应是提及阻碍研究的因素，F项“但是有很多真菌是我们无法在实验室里培养的”符合语境，故选F。 19．根据下文“‘A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,’ says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, ‘but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.’(植物病理学家Jassy Drakulic博士说：‘很多人都害怕有毒的蘑菇，但在世界上成千上万种真菌中，只有很小一部分会致病。’)”可知，真菌被人们误解，D项“我们对真菌知之甚少，这使我们对它们产生了误解”符合语境，故选D。 20．根据上文“Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees.(其他种类的真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木)”可知，真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木，E项“‘真菌确实是幕后团队，完成了所有的工作，’Ainsworth博士补充道”总结上文真菌的作用，E项“behind-the-scenes”呼应上文“a huge underground network”，真菌在地下形成巨大的网络，是幕后团队，故选E。 Passage 19 （江西省部分学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）For a long time, I thought only skinny and strong people could finish the half marathon (马拉松) at the Baltimore Running Festival. 16 . Preparing for the event has taught me some valuable lessons I’d like to share. Train yourself as people first and marathoners second. 17 . It is the confidence that will carry you across the finish line on the race day. The saying “life is a marathon, not a short run” applies! Make sure to take your time. 18 . Your goal is to get comfortable running three to four times a week, with your longest run being roughly 5 or 6 miles. 19 . Once you’ve completed your basic training, look for a training program that lasts about four months. Week-to-week, the plan should guide you to increase the distance by no more than 10 to 15% a week. Don’t go to the coach who pushes you too hard in a single training cycle. It could result in injuries. Running a marathon is an investment (投入) of time and money. If you’re going to spend your hard-earned money somewhere, it’s worth investing in an excellent pair of running shoes. 20 . A．Sign up for a race B．Choose a training plan that’s safe C．But last year, I eventually made up my mind to have a try D．Keep your relationship to your training program a positive one. E．It’s much cheaper to buy a new pair of shoes than to visit a doctor F．You can start by running 1 or 1.5 miles and build up week after week G．It means doing the basic training at an easy pace that can give you confidence 【答案】16．C 17．G 18．F 19．B 20．E 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者在准备马拉松阶段学到了一些方法。 16．根据空前“For a long time, I thought only skinny and strong people could finish the half marathon (马拉松) at the Baltimore Running Festival.(很长时间以来，我一直认为只有瘦和强壮的人才能完成马拉松比赛。)”和空后“Preparing for the event has taught me some valuable lessons I’d like to share.(准备这项赛事教会了我一些我想要分享的有价值的教训。)”可知，空前提到作者认为只有瘦和强壮的人才能完成马拉松比赛，而下文又提到作者为参加马拉松比赛做准备，因此C项“但是去年，我最终决定试一试”承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。 17．根据空前“Train yourself as people first and marathoners second.(把训练自己作为首要任务，其次才是马拉松。)”可知，作者建议把训练自己作为首要任务，其次才是训练马拉松， G项中的“It means doing the basic training”与空前的“Train yourself”相呼应，且G项中的“can give you confidence”与空后的“It is the confidence that will carry you across the finish line on the race day.”相呼应，故G项“这意味着以轻松的速度进行基本的训练，这可以给你信心。”符合语境。故选G项。 18．根据空前“Make sure to take your time.(确保不着急，慢慢来。)”可知，作者建议要慢慢来，不要着急，故F项中的“build up week after week”与空前的“take your time”相呼应， F项“你可以从跑1英里或1.5英里开始，然后每周增加。”符合语境。故选F项。 19．根据空后“Once you’ve completed your basic training, look for a training program that lasts about four months.(一旦你完成了基本的训练，就找一个持续四个月的训练计划。)”可知，空前提到一旦你完成了基本的训练，就找一个持续四个月的训练计划， B项中的“a training plan”与空后的“a training program”相呼应，且根据本段内容“Don’t go to the coach who pushes you too hard in a single training cycle. It could result in injuries.(不要去找那些在单个训练周期把你逼得太紧的教练。这可能会带来伤害。)”可知，后文提到了需要注意安全，故B项“选择一个安全的训练计划”符合语境。故选B项。 20．根据空前“If you’re going to spend your hard-earned money somewhere, it’s worth investing in an excellent pair of running shoes.(如果你想要把辛苦挣来的钱花在某个地方，买一双好的跑鞋是值得的。)”可知，E项“买一双新鞋比看医生便宜得多。”是空前的顺义承接，如果你打算把钱花在某个地方，那么买一双好的跑鞋是值得的，毕竟买一双新鞋比看医生便宜得多，E项中的“buy a new pair of shoes”与空前的“investing in an excellent pair of running shoes”相呼应，故选E项。 Passage 20 （吉林省“BEST合作体”2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）You’ve made the decision that you want to travel more this year. You’ve realized that experiences are more important than possessions (财产) and you’ve put together a plan to start saving for your next big trip. 36 Here are my top tips to help you choose your travel destinations. Be open-minded. Haven’t heard of a place? 37 Have no idea where a place is? But you’ve found cheap flights to that place…? Search it using the search engine, check whether it’s safe and if so, book that flight! Sometimes you’ll have the best adventures in places you can’t pronounce, Ljubljana, for example. 38 You want to travel to a certain destination but flights are really expensive? Don’t let this put you off, unlock your creativity and find a solution. Using the example of Ljubljana again, it’s really expensive to fly direct but flights to Venice are cheap and then there’s a 2-hour shuttle (往返) bus from Venice Ljubljana. Problem solved. Explore travel websites and blogs. 39 Visit travel websites and blogs that specialize in the destinations on your route. These websites often feature articles and lists of top attractions, along with detailed descriptions, impressive photos, and helpful tips from experienced travelers. Take the time to look through these websites and complete a list of the attractions that catch your interest. Seek suggestions from locals. Locals are often the best sources of information when it comes to discovering hidden destinations. Engage (接触) with locals through conversations, or social media groups related to your destination. 40 A．Be creative. B．Can’t even pronounce a place? C．Avoid the common misunderstandings. D．Can’t find a way to write your journal? E．But how are you going to decide where to actually go? F．The Internet is a place full of valuable information when it comes to travel. G．Ask for their recommendations that might not be widely known but are worth exploring. 【答案】36．E 37．B 38．A 39．F 40．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个关于如何找到合适的旅游目的地的建议。 36．根据上文“You’ve made the decision that you want to travel more this year. You’ve realized that experiences are more important than possessions (财产) and you’ve put together a plan to start saving for your next big trip.(你已经决定今年要多出去旅游。你已经意识到经历比财产更重要，你已经制定了一个计划，开始为下一次大旅行存钱)”以及后文“Here are my top tips to help you choose your travel destinations.(以下是我的建议，可以帮助你选择旅游目的地)”可知，上文介绍了你认识到旅行的益处，后文给出选择目的地的建议，可知本句与决定目的地有关。故E选项“但是你怎么决定去哪里呢？”符合语境，故选E。 37．根据上文“Haven’t heard of a place?(一个地方都没听说过吗？)”以及后文“Have no idea where a place is?(不知道一个地方在哪里？)”可知，本句与前后文并列，都是针对不知道目的地情况进行设问。故B选项“连地名都发不出来？”符合语境，故选B。 38．根据本段内容“You want to travel to a certain destination but flights are really expensive? Don’t let this put you off, unlock your creativity and find a solution. Using the example of Ljubljana again, it’s really expensive to fly direct but flights to Venice are cheap and then there’s a 2-hour shuttle (往返) bus from Venice Ljubljana. Problem solved.(你想去某个目的地旅行，但是机票太贵了？不要让这些阻碍你，释放你的创造力，找到解决办法。再以卢布尔雅那为例，直飞很贵，但是飞往威尼斯的航班很便宜，从威尼斯到卢布尔雅那有2小时的班车。问题解决了)”可知，本段主题是如何用创造性的手段解决旅行中的问题。故A选项“要有创意”符合语境，故选A。 39．根据后文“Visit travel websites and blogs that specialize in the destinations on your route. These websites often feature articles and lists of top attractions, along with detailed descriptions, impressive photos, and helpful tips from experienced travelers. Take the time to look through these websites and complete a list of the attractions that catch your interest.(访问旅游网站和博客，专门介绍你路线上的目的地。这些网站通常提供文章和热门景点列表，以及详细的描述、令人印象深刻的照片和经验丰富的旅行者提供的有用提示。花点时间浏览一下这些网站，把你感兴趣的景点列个完整的清单)”可知，本段介绍的是利用网上的资源。故F选项“说到旅游，互联网是一个充满有价值信息的地方”符合语境，故选F。 40．根据上文“Locals are often the best sources of information when it comes to discovering hidden destinations. Engage (接触) with locals through conversations, or social media groups related to your destination.(在寻找隐秘的目的地时，当地人往往是最好的信息来源。通过与当地人的对话或与你的目的地相关的社交媒体群参与)”可知，本段主要说明了向当地人寻求建议，G选项中their对应上文locals。故G选项“询问他们的建议，这些建议可能并不广为人知，但值得探索”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 21 （黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学青冈实中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末） Boosting Your Brainpower Who hasn’t wished that they were just a little smarter? Maybe you’re in school and just want to get a better grade on a test. 16 Here are some ways you can study to boost your brainpower, Sleep is one of the easiest things to do，yet one of the ones that most of us don’t do. We live in a busy age and often it seems that we don’t have enough time to get everything done. So many of us sacrifice (牺牲) our hours of sleep to accomplish our daily tasks. 17 Read a book. Being smarter is not only about thinking but knowledge plays a big part in it, too. Reading helps your brain stay active. 18 Think of it as exercise for the brain. Try turning off that television set and going for a walk. A walk will stimulate your body and relax your mind. Just as watching too much TV can hurt your body, it also causes your brain to slow down as well. 19 There is a big difference between knowing something and being able to teach it to someone else. There is nothing like trying to break something down into simpler terms for others to help you understand it better than you did before. Work on a puzzle. It can be anything from the newspaper crossword to the new sudoku puzzle. Puzzles help you use your brain to figure out the answers. 20 Your brain needs exercise just like your body does to be able to function in top form. So go out there and boost your brainpower and your mind will thank you. A．Learn something new and then teach someone else how to do it. B．The more you read, the more you know, and the smarter you will be. C．By writing about things you know, it helps you to understand them better. D．Skipping meals can make it harder for you to think and perform at your best. E．Maybe you want to show your boss that you are good enough to get a promotion. F．Crossword puzzles also have the added benefit of increasing your vocabulary and knowledge. G．Giving your body the rest it needs every night can boost your ability to function at your best next day. 【答案】16．E 17．G 18．B 19．A 20．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。我们都希望有聪明的大脑，但有提高脑力的方法吗？这里列举了一些方法。 16．根据上文“Who hasn’t wished that they were just a little smarter? Maybe you’re in school and just want to get a better grade on a test. (谁不希望自己再聪明一点呢？也许你在学校，只是想在考试中取得更好的成绩)”可知，本句承接上文，说明想要变得聪明的其他原因。故E选项“也许你想向你的老板展示你有足够的能力获得升职”符合语境，故选E。 17．根据上文“Sleep is one of the easiest things to do，yet one of the ones that most of us don’t do. We live in a busy age and often it seems that we don’t have enough time to get everything done. So many of us sacrifice (牺牲) our hours of sleep to accomplish our daily tasks.(睡觉是最容易做的事情之一，但也是我们大多数人做不到的事情之一。我们生活在一个忙碌的时代，似乎我们经常没有足够的时间来完成所有的事情。我们中的许多人牺牲了睡眠时间来完成日常任务)”可知，上文提到了牺牲睡眠时间来完成日常任务，推测本句也应谈及睡眠，衔接上文，说明睡眠的重要性。故G选项“每晚让你的身体得到所需的休息可以提高你的能力，使你在第二天的工作中处于最佳状态”符合语境，故选G。 18．根据上文“Read a book. Being smarter is not only about thinking but knowledge plays a big part in it, too. Reading helps your brain stay active.(读一本书。变得更聪明不仅在于思考，知识在其中也起着很大的作用。阅读有助于你的大脑保持活跃)”可知，本句承接上文，解释阅读如何让大脑变得更加聪明的。故B选项“你读得越多，你知道的越多，你就会越聪明”符合语境，故选B。 19．根据本段内容“There is a big difference between knowing something and being able to teach it to someone else. There is nothing like trying to break something down into simpler terms for others to help you understand it better than you did before.(知道一件事和能够把它教给别人是有很大区别的。没有什么比尝试将某事分解成更简单的术语来帮助别人比以前更好地理解它)”可知，本段给出的方法是通过教别人来理解新事物。故A选项“学习新东西，然后教别人怎么做”符合语境，故选A。 20．根据上文“Work on a puzzle. It can be anything from the newspaper crossword to the new sudoku puzzle. Puzzles help you use your brain to figure out the answers.(做一个谜题。它可以是任何东西，从报纸上的填字游戏到新的数独游戏。拼图可以帮助你用大脑找出答案)”可知，本句对上文进行补充说明，继续说明填字游戏的好处。故F选项“填字游戏还有一个额外的好处，可以增加你的词汇量和知识”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 22 （山东省潍坊青州市一中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末）In the 1960s and 1970s, some writers and university professors called themselves “futurists”. These futurists tried to forecast the future. 16 The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. 17 Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. We can also ask the real experts: the scientists and engineers who are bringing us these advances. Because so much of our daily life will be integrated with computers, virtual reality will become an actual, real reality for many of us. This virtual world will at times seem as real as — if not more real than — the actual world around us. Without leaving home, you will be able to take tours of foreign countries, or even get a medical exam by a doctor in another city. 18 There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. Much research is being done to unlock the human mind. Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. 19 For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. These artificial hands are connected to a person’s nerves so that the person’s brain tells the hands what to do. As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. 20 We should all eagerly view the future as a great adventure — a new world waiting to be explored. Who knows exactly what we will find? A．Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. B．That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. C．Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. D．Artificial hands are made stronger and faster than human ones and work very well. E．Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. F．Many new parts will be made to replace broken human body ones. G．This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. 【答案】16．C 17．G 18．A 19．E 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了二十世纪六七十年代未来主义者对未来的预测及其局限性，并指出我们可以通过观察当前的科学和技术进步，并咨询真正的专家，可以更好地猜测未来技术的发展，虚拟现实、医学进步和机器人技术将成为未来生活的关键部分。 16．前文“These futurists tried to forecast the future. (这些未来学家试图预测未来。)”提到未来学家想预测未来，后文“The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. (问题是这些未来学家都不是科学家或工程师。所以，虽然他们知道未来会有更强大的电脑，但他们不知道这些电脑会是什么样子，它们能做什么，或者它们会对我们的生活产生什么影响。)”指出未来学家预测未来所存在的问题，他们的职业导致他们无法预测电脑的具体形态和影响，因此C项“Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. (他们的预测中只有少数是正确的，而且他们都错过了计算机革命。)”符合语境，介绍未来学家预测的对错情况，承前启后，后文是对选项内容的解释，其中的their指代前文的These futurists。故选C。 17．前文“So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. (所以，虽然他们知道未来会有更强大的电脑，但他们不知道这些电脑会是什么样子，它们能做什么，或者它们会对我们的生活产生什么影响。)”指出未来学家无法预测电脑的具体形态和影响，后文“Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. (话虽如此，我们可以通过观察当前的科学和技术进步来对未来的技术做出一些好的猜测。)”涉及转折，指出实际上是可以对未来做出好的猜测的，因此G项“This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. (这将使我们在尝试预测未来之前犹豫。)”符合语境，提到我们会对预测未来有犹豫，是前文提到的情况的后果，和后文构成转折。故选G。 18．后文“There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. (例如，现在已经有一种技术可以让盲人通过摄像头看到东西，聋哑人通过与大脑相连的麦克风听到声音。未来的技术将使人们能够战胜各种身体残疾。)”主要介绍医学上的科技进步，说明人们有可能在未来解决各种身体残疾的问题，因此A项“Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. (说到医学，脑损伤的人将能够找到新的希望。)”符合语境，提到脑损伤有望得到治疗，契合段落内容。故选A。 19．前文“Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. (利用目前正在开发的技术，未来的人们不仅可以读懂别人的思想，还可以像录制电影一样记录他们的想法。)”提到未来的技术有望解读和记录人的想法，后文“For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. (例如，机器人手是为没有手的人开发的。)”举出机器人手的例子，介绍其可以发挥人手的功能，因此E项“Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. (其他一些研究涉及使用机器人技术来替代人类的功能。)”符合语境，提到技术应用的其他领域，涉及用机器人技术的替代功能，和前文是递进关系，后文的例子是选项内容的具体说明。故选E。 20．前文“As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. (由于这些进步，在未来，一些严重受伤的人可能会变得更像机器人而不是人类。)”指出技术进步将让严重受伤的人变得更像机器人，因此B项“That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. (也就是说，他们的大脑将控制他们的机器人身体部位，这样他们就可以正常地生活。)”符合语境，具体解释这类人的生活方式，说明他们的机器人身体部位会受大脑控制，承接前文。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$