考题猜想08下学期期末真题重难题型组合练（考题猜想）-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019）

2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019） 考题猜想08下学期期末真题重难题型组合练 阅读理解5篇-精选重难题 Passage 01 （23-24高一下·北京丰台·期末）A Perspective article published in Nature this week says that AI systems pose a further risk: that researchers envision such tools as possessed of superhuman abilities when it comes to objectivity, productivity and understanding complex concepts. Scientists planning to use AI “must evaluate these risks now, while AI applications are still nascent (未成熟的), because they will be much more difficult to address if AI tools become deeply embedded in the research pipeline”, write co-authors Lisa Messeri and Molly Crockett. In this article, Messeri and Crockett put together a picture of the ways in which scientists see AI systems as enhancing human capabilities. In one ‘vision’, which they call AI as Oracle, researchers see AI tools as able to tirelessly read and digest scientific papers, and so survey the scientific literature more exhaustively than people can. In both Oracle and another vision, called AI as Arbiter, systems are perceived as evaluating scientific findings more objectively than do people, because they are less likely to cherry-pick the literature to support a desired hypothesis or to show favouritism in peer review. In a third vision, AI as Quant, AI tools seem to surpass the limits of the human mind in analyzing vast and complex data. In the fourth, AI as Surrogate, AI tools simulate (模拟) data that are too difficult or complex to obtain. Informed by anthropology and cognitive science, Messeri and Crockett predict risks that arise from these visions. One is the illusion of explanatory depth, in which people relying on another person — or, in this case, an algorithm — for knowledge have a tendency to mistake that knowledge for their own and think their understanding is deeper than it actually is. Another risk is that research becomes skewed towards studying the kinds of thing that AI systems can test — the researchers call this the illusion of exploratory breadth. For example, in social science, the vision of AI as Surrogate could encourage experiments involving human behaviors that can be simulated by an AI — and discourage those on behaviors that cannot, such as anything that requires being embodied physically. There’s also the illusion of objectivity, in which researchers see AI systems as representing all possible viewpoints or not having a viewpoint. In fact, these tools reflect only the viewpoints found in the data they have been trained on, and are known to adopt the biases (偏见) found in those data. “There’s a risk that we forget that there are certain questions we just can’t answer about human beings using AI tools,” says Crockett. The illusion of objectivity is particularly worrying given the benefits of including diverse viewpoints in research. If you’re a scientist planning to use AI, you can reduce these dangers through a number of strategies. One is to map your proposed use to one of the visions, and consider which traps you are most likely to fall into. Another approach is to be deliberate about how you use AI. Deploying AI tools to save time on something your team already has expertise in is less risky than using them to provide expertise you just don’t have, says Crockett. 1．According to Paragraph 2, which might scientists agree with? A．Human intelligence can’t be overshadowed in analyzing data. B．Prejudice has been ruled out by AI tools in scientific evaluation. C．Studies with desired hypothesis are usually favored in peer review. D．AI can conduct a relatively thorough overview of the prior research. 2．What does the underlined word “skewed” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Declining. B．Partial. C．Dynamic. D．Irrelevant. 3．What can we learn from this passage? A．Relying on AI to fill gaps in the team’s knowledge is much preferable. B．AI isn’t limited to the outlook and biases present within its training data. C．Instant actions must be taken to rate AI’s risks before it is fully integrated into research. D．Users counting heavily on AI tend to underestimate their insight of a concept. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．A Call for Considered Use of AI in Science B．The Unseen Biases of AI in Social Science C．AI’s Role in Enhancing Human Expertise D．How AI Is Shaping Scientific Discovery Passage 02 （23-24高一下·江苏常州·期末）“The news is ... there is no news.” With those words, outside St Mary’s Hospital in London awaiting the birth of Prince George in July 2013, my reporting for the BBC went viral on the Internet. Not for what I was saying but the way I was saying it. The helpless look. The depressed tone. Viewers could relate to me. Because they are human. And so am I. Fedha is not human. Yes, the fair-haired woman looks human. This week she was introduced as the first presenter in Kuwait who works by artificial intelligence. “What kind of news do you prefer? Let's hear your opinions,” she says in Arabic. AI newsreaders actually never make a cock-up of their jobs. They can skip the mispronunciations, the complaints over foundation colours in makeup, and even the stresses over too-weak hairspray. To examine the problems that may come with an AI newsreader, I thought I would turn the tables and ask Genie — the chatbot powered by ChatGPT. “They may struggle with delivering the news in a way that is appealing to viewers,” Genie says. I get that. As far as delivering the news is concerned, the face and voice behind it matters. My ChatGPT friend also tells me that there are concerns about the potential for AI newsreaders to be used to spread false information, as they may not be able to determine the correctness of a story’s source. Not just in the delivery of news, but in its content. AI is already involved in the spread of “untrue news” — and that will only get worse. At a time when trust in news providers is reducing, the next few years threaten to be very challenging if that trust is to be regained. One of the main concerns about AI newsreaders is that they lack the human touch and emotion. I have delivered some of the biggest stories. Whether it be an air attack or the death of a major figure, it's not just the words that matter. You need to look and sound right. An AI newsreader cannot convey (传达) a reaction to a breaking story. 5．How did viewers react according to paragraph 1? A．They found the reporting confusing. B．They felt excited about the reporting. C．They considered the author unprofessional. D．They knew the author’s thoughts and feelings. 6．What does the underlined part “make a cock-up of” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Talk about. B．Make a fool of. C．Keep an eye on. D．Mess up. 7．What does Genie think of AI newsreaders? A．They may deliver misleading news. B．They can locate the source of a news story. C．They interact with viewers in an improper way. D．They wear the same facial expressions as humans. 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To voice his doubt about AI newsreaders. B．To share his experience of being a reporter. C．To introduce an AI newsreader called Fedha. D．To show ChatGPT's impact on news reporting. Passage 03 （23-24高一下·湖南·期末）For more than 75 years, mathematicians have been confused about how to divide resources to make everyone satisfied. For example, how can you cut a cake to make sure everyone at the party is happy with what they get. The “I cut, you choose” method works for two people. What about sharing among three or more? Hugo Steinhaus was a pioneer devoted to this complexity (复杂性). He came up with an improved I-cut-you-choose way for three players, the lone-divider method. Here, someone cuts the cake. Let’s call her Alice. She cuts the cake into three pieces that she values equally. Then a second person, Bob, says which of the pieces he would accept. If he agrees on at least two pieces, then the third person, Carla, can take any piece she wants. At least one of the remaining pieces is acceptable to Bob, so he picks next. Alice gets what’s left. If Bob and Carla both reject the same piece, that piece goes to Alice. The remaining two pieces are recombined and shared between Bob and Carla using I-cut-you-choose. Steinhaus also discussed the “last-cutter” method for any number of cake eaters. But in both the lone-divider and last-cutter approaches, a person who gets an early piece may see a later one they wish they had instead-even though they had at first thought their piece was fair. “Cake works as a stand-in for anything that can be divided,” says Steven Brams, a political scientist at New York University. “Though cake-cutting ideas have some disadvantages, they have real-world uses. How can food be divided up between communities? How should roommates share work? How can communities draw boundaries (边界线)?” 9．What did Hugo Steinhaus use the cake-cutting way to study? A．Fairness. B．Kindness. C．Happiness. D．Generosity. 10．What does the underlined word “reject” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Consume. B．Appreciate. C．Refer to. D．Turn down. 11．What makes the cake-cutting methods imperfect according to paragraph 4? A．The irregular cake. B．The human nature. C．The uncertain process. D．The large number of eaters. 12．What does the last paragraph mainly focus on? A．The standard of the cake- cutting methods. B．The weakness of the cake-cutting methods. C．The practical application of the cake-cutting methods. D．The doubts raised about the cake-cutting methods. Passage 04 （23-24高一下·江苏泰州·期末）Some of the 17 million Americans suffering from major depressive disorder may soon receive a surprising new suggestion from their doctors: Have fun on a virtual reality (VR) device. “Depression impacts so many people right now, and we thought VR could have a large impact,” said Bullock, founder of Stanford’s Neurobehavioral Clinic and Virtual Reality program. “There can be significant barriers to behavioral activation (行为激活) in some patients — they might be stuck in a hospital bed, or have no means to involve themselves in enjoyable activities like getting outside, exercising and volunteering. We started wondering whether simulated (模拟的) pleasant activities could be a good first step for them.” The study by Bullock’s team, published in JMIR Mental Health, followed 26 people with major depressive disorder. Half were told to plan and take part in real life activities like going on outings in their community or socializing with friends. The other half used a virtual reality headset to participate in activities ranging from table tennis to touring foreign cities or attending shows. After four weeks, people in both groups saw a decrease in their symptoms of depression and their depression rating by similar amounts. “People who might otherwise have barriers to getting treatment might be open to using this technology in their own homes,” said Margot Paul, a professor of mental and behavioral sciences. Bullock believes the cost and ease of many VR platforms — especially those that have mobile phones put into cheap cardboard headsets — make it an easy treatment to promote. The team says larger and longer-term studies are needed to find the best ways to practice virtual behavioral activation, as well as which patient populations might be best targeted with the VR treatment. They also think more efforts are needed to inform doctors about how to practice VR behavioral activation appropriately. 13．What is the benefit of using virtual reality to treat depression? A．It provides easier access to mood-lifting activities. B．It increases public awareness regarding depression. C．It motivates those with serious depression to get out. D．It is more effective than taking part in real life activities. 14．What’s Margot Paul’s attitude towards the VR treatment? A．Unclear. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Negative. 15．What might the follow-up study focus on? A．Cutting down on the cost of VR treatment. B．Exploring how VR lifts the patient’ spirits. C．Putting the VR treatment into practical use. D．Encouraging doctors to adopt VR treatment. 16．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．VR — a simple tool to treat depression B．VR — a shared world without frontiers C．VR — a replacement for traditional drugs D．VR — a technology taking the world by storm Passage 05 （23-24高一下·河南郑州·期末）As human beings, we naturally tend to become more and more curious about everything about ourselves, including our history, psychology and philosophy. Much of our knowledge moves around humankind itself, as if we were the most important thing in the universe. But in the course of the centuries, we have come to realize just how many wrong ideas we have had. We have learned of the existence of black holes, waves of space, and the extraordinary molecular (分子的) structures in every cell of our bodies. The more we discover, the more we understand that what we don’t yet know is greater than what we know. The more powerful our telescopes are, the stranger and more unexpected are the heavens we see. The closer we look at the detail of matter,  the more we discover of its great structure. In a famous story told by Plato in the seventh book of The Republic, some men are chained at the bottom of a dark cave and see only shadows cast upon a wall by a fire behind them. They think that this is reality. One of them frees himself, leaves the cave and discovers the light of the sun and the wider world. At first, the light, to which his eyes are unaccustomed (不适应的), surprises and confuses him. But eventually he can see and returns excitedly to his friends to tell them what he has seen. They find it hard to believe. We are all in the depths of a cave, chained by our ignorance and prejudice (偏见), so our weak senses show only shadows. If we try to see further, we are confused: we are unaccustomed. But we try. This is science. Scientific thinking explores and redraws the world, gradually offering us better and better images of it, teaching us to think in ever more effective ways. Its strength is its ability to overthrow old ideas, to uncover new regions of reality, and to construct new, more effective images of the world. This adventure rests upon the entirety of past knowledge, but at its heart is change. The incompleteness and the uncertainty of our knowledge, hung over the abyss (深渊) of what we don't know, does not make life meaningless; it makes life interesting and precious. 17．What are the first three paragraphs mainly about? A．Splendid cultures for centuries created by man. B．Enough existing technologies for further exploration. C．New discoveries of the universe proved to be wrong. D．Our incomplete and uncertain knowledge of the universe. 18．Why does the author use the story told by Plato? A．To let us truly realize the cruelty of reality. B．To cheer for the heroic deeds of pursuing freedom. C．To inspire us to explore more about the unknown world. D．To prove our unfamiliarity and prejudice about the world. 19．What does the author want to stress in the article? A．Making nature take its course improves our lives. B．Past knowledge prevents us building a new world. C．Exploring the universe makes our life meaningful. D．Discovering the universe a lot will cause confusion. 20．What could be the best title for the passage? A．The Reasons for Learning to People B．The Significance of Exploring the Unknown C．The Effect of Knowledge on Human Beings D．The Eagerness for Knowledge of the Unknown 阅读理解七选五5篇-精选重难题 Passage 01 （23-24高一下·湖北·期末）In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. 1 This is where critical thinking steps in, helping humans stay ahead in an increasingly automated (自动化的) world. Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. 2 Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. 3 Critical thinkers are able to question the AI's outputs, challenge its assumptions, and ensure that decisions are based on a full understanding of the problem at hand instead of being influenced by these biases and errors. 4 In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. 5 In conclusion, critical thinking is vital in the age of artificial intelligence, ensuring a future that is both technologically advanced and human-centered. A．It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects. B．It enables people to understand the world in various ways. C．Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). D．Critical thinking ensures human advantage in logical reasoning. E．Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. F．Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. G．AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. Passage 02 （23-24高一下·江西赣州·期末）We promise ourselves that this time, we will not delay something. We make lists, buy journals, try new apps, but no matter what, we often end up falling into the same cycle of delay and avoidance — putting things off, day after day. In fact, frequent procrastination (拖延症) may negatively affect your personal, school, or work lives. 6 Identify small goals. Set a goal to work on something for a short, fixed amount of time. 7 At the end of each workday, make a list of six things to work on the following day. List them out in order of true importance. Deal with those things and only those things the next day. Use natural patterns to rank tasks. If you’re a morning person, do important tasks in the morning. 8 This way, you can ensure that your most productive hours are spent on your most important tasks. 9 Research shows self-forgiveness can help you cope with procrastination-related stress. Take a few moments at the end of your workday to reflect not only on your professional highlights, but also to consider moments where you made yourself proud. Remember every success is just that: a success! Plan ahead. 10 Arrange vacations ahead of time and put systems in place with co-workers so that you can work toward your time away and feel secure that all your goals at work are met. A．Forgive all your mistakes. B．Don’t be too hard on yourself. C．But with some intention and effort, it is possible to fight it. D．Setting a short-term goal helps you measure your progress easily. E．To avoid procrastinating on wellness and rest, schedule in advance. F．If you want to be more organized, consider trying the Ivy Lee method. G．If you feel sleepy around noon, use that time to arrange your list for tomorrow. Passage 03 （23-24高一下·辽宁大连·期末）Sometimes, it’s good to be bored “I am dying of boredom,” complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov’s 1897 play Uncle Vanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom. 11 That is the finding of two fascinating recent studies. In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result? 12 In the second study, subjects gave more answers to a word test than a non-bored control group after being forced to watch a dull screensaver. “An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state,” says Sandi Mann, the psychologist at the University of Central Lancashire. “ 13 ” Parents will tell you that kids with “nothing to do” will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever. The problem, the researchers worry, is that these days we don’t struggle to overcome these slow moments. “ 14 ” Mann says. “This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking.” So here is an idea: Instead of always avoiding boredom, embrace and face it. Sometimes, anyway. Mann has found she gets some of her best thinking done when she is driving her car and therefore can’t be distracted by her phone. 15 The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can’t be bothered to do anything. An important part of our modern task, then, is learning to evaluate these different types of boredom — to distinguish the useful kind from the harmful one. A．And there is, of course, bad boredom. B．Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas. C．But what if boredom is a meaningful experience? D．These moments are a lot more valuable than expected. E．Actually, tips on getting away from boredom are countless. F．We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices. G．When not satisfied with your state, you’re seeking and engaged. Passage 04 （23-24高一下·河南三门峡·期末）What many of us have heard is that it takes 21 days to form a habit in our lifestyle.Unfortunately, a study revealed that the true number is around 66 days, or over 2 months. 16 Here are some key tips to help you make continuous learning a habit in your life. Start small. Make sure that you can reasonably complete the tasks that you set for yourself .They don’t have to be large tasks. It might just be to read one article per day on a particular topic or cook 3 new dishes per week. You are more likely to continue with lifelong learning if you succeed in completing your goals. 17 Change and adjust. If something that you have arranged isn't working for you, you can change it. 18 For example, if you are assigned a task that doesn't seem to be helping you achieve your goals or is too difficult for you, change the task to something that is more suitable. 19 Friends that also participate in lifelong learning can motivate you, create a strong support system and make learning more enjoyable. You can learn new skills together, play games in order to learn or begin a new project as a group. Make learning a priority (优先事项) 20 So the desire has to come from within. Once you decide you want to make constant learning a habit, it is up to you to make it a priority in your life. Set learning goals, make a plan, and take action to keep yourself moving. A．Surround yourself with other lifelong learners. B．Find jobs that encourage learning. C．This doesn't mean you should give up. D．Few external forces are going to persuade you to learn. E．You are in charge of your own learning experience. F．If you fall behind, you may lose motivation. G．So leave the TV, your phone and your dog in a separate room. Passage 05 （23-24高一下重庆九龙坡期末）It’s been 50 years since the beginning of bar codes. Scanning an item at checkout is something we take for granted in this age of convenience. 21 On March 31, 1971, a historic meeting took place in New York City. The meeting agreed to create a system to uniquely identify every single product, calling it the Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) the core of bar codes, according to El Mudo, a Spanish newspaper. 22 Today, bar codes are scanned over 6 billion times every day, used by 2 million companies worldwide and remain one of the most trusted symbols in the world, PR Newswire, a US news agency, reported. 23 Where the product comes from? where it has been? its price expiration (过期时间)… you name it. Bar codes don’t only identify the category of goods but also manage the number of goods. For example, if there are 10 cartons of milk and a consumer takes one, it will be registered when it is scanned at the cash counter, so the store owner knows there are nine left. 24 The unique identification of products at a global level was the key that opened the door to retail (零售) as we know it today. In the past five decades, bar codes have provided many conveniences for commerce. “The next generation of bar codes, such as QR codes can hold vastly more information. Their use, for example, can tell consumers if a product contains allergens (过敏原) or if it is organic. 25 ” according to GS1, the organization that develops and maintains the global bar codes standard. A．Time has proved it a great decision. B．It gives consumers a greater level of trust. C．What information does a bar code contain? D．When do we scan a bar code on the product? E．We can thank the game-changing technology for that. F．The numbers can indicate where that product is identified, G．It allows the first digitization in the control of the goods for sale. 完形填空6篇-精选重难题 Cloze 01 （23-24高一下·湖南永州·期末）When I decided to be a part of the smile card experiment, the first person that came to mind was Lara. I couldn’t think of the 1 thing for her yet, except that it was her 2 two weeks ago. The next day, at a local bakery, 3 struck when I saw the 4 baked honey bread. I picked up a loaf (条) and 5 to the lab. Unfortunately or fortunately, Lara wasn’t in her office, so I put a note on the loaf 6 : Lara, Happy Belated (迟来的) Birthday! Hope you would enjoy it! An hour later, she 7 and found the note. After reading it, she immediately looked at me, “Did you leave this?” I tried my best to 8 the truth and shook my head. While my 9 may give me away, she believed me and turned to compare 10 from other members in the 11 . Thank goodness, she didn’t 12 mine! After all efforts were in vain, she came back to me again, “You left this, didn’t you?” This time it was even harder to disguise (掩饰) myself, and a smile 13 on my face again. I said no and told her to accept it as an 14 of kindness. She tried some warm bread and completely enjoyed it. A few minutes later, she sent an email to express her 15 thanks to all of us. Giving her the present anonymously (匿名) made my smile card experiment even better. 1．A．expensive B．affordable C．perfect D．traditional 2．A．anniversary B．wedding C．graduation D．birthday 3．A．information B．inspiration C．advice D．enthusiasm 4．A．freshly B．occasionally C．patiently D．previously 5．A．jumped B．headed C．escaped D．travelled 6．A．reading B．speaking C．writing D．stating 7．A．came across B．came out C．came down D．came by 8．A．mask B．reveal C．seek D．unearth 9．A．voice B．note C．smile D．explanation 10．A．recordings B．comments C．handwritings D．data 11．A．lab B．company C．committee D．branch 12．A．copy B．check C．ignore D．explain 13．A．froze B．disappeared C．spread D．survived 14．A．activity B．access C．appreciation D．act 15．A．further B．sincere C．unwilling D．reasonable Cloze 02 （23-24高一下·上海宝山·期末）Perhaps no issue attracts more senior leadership attention than growth does, and for good reason. 16 in gains and profits is the standard by which we tend to measure the competitive fitness and health of companies. Analysts, investors, and boards are especially concerned about growth 17 to get insight into stock prices. 18 are attracted to faster-growing companies because they offer better opportunities for advancement and higher pay. Suppliers prefer faster-growing customers because working with them improves their own growth prospects. While sustained profitable growth is a nearly universal goal, it is a(n) 19 one for many companies. Many researches conducted on the long-term patterms of growth in U.S.corporations suggest that when inflation is 20 , most companies barely grow. 21 in an analysis of 10,897 publicly held U.S.companies from 1976 to 2019, researchers found that firms in the top quartile grew at an inflation-adjusted average of 11.8% per year, but those in the lower three quartiles experienced little or no growth (0.3%, 0.03%, and 0.5%, respectively). And the majority of firms in the top quartile were unable to 22 superior growth performance for more than a few years. Over the past two decades, I have tried to understand why some companies are effective at sustaining growth. I have found that while the usual explanations, such as market forces and technological changes do play a role, many companies’ growth problems are done by themselves. 23 , firms approach growth in a highly reactive, opportunistic manner. When market demand is booming, they throw resources at developing new capacity, and build out organizational infrastructure without thinking through the 24 — for example, whether their operating systems and processes can scale, how rapid growth might affect corporate culture and what would happen if demand slows. In the process of chasing growth, companies can easily destroy the things that made them 25 in the first place, such as their capacity for innovation, their great customer service, or their unique cultures. 16．A．Attention B．Leadership C．Growth D．Insight 17．A．requirements B．prospects C．struggles D．developments 18．A．Bosses B．Investors C．Employees D．Producers 19．A．difficult B．achievable C．inevitable D．easy 20．A．based on B．tracked down C．equipped with D．taken into account 21．A．For instance B．On the contrary C．As a result D．What’s more 22．A．improve B．sustain C．recognize D．decline 23．A．Respectively B．Ultimately C．Specifically D．Reasonably 24．A．benefits B．opportunities C．technologies D．implications 25．A．typical B．technical C．happy D．successful Cloze 03 （22-23高一下·广东广州·期末）Shaine Kilyun was scrolling through videos on her phone one night in December 2020. Suddenly she 26 a video of dogs in wheelchairs. “That’s it!” she thought. Shaine had always loved animals and visited local veterinary (兽医的) clinics often. She was a 27 there. But Shaine cried when she learned older and disabled animals are often killed painlessly because they can’t walk and require extra 28 . Now, as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily and 29 , her heart was filled with 30 . “I can make wheelchairs for disabled animals!” she decided. As Shaine 31 on countless videos showing ways to make tiny mobility “wheelies” for animals, her 32 grew. The next day, Shaine headed to the hardware store and 33 some PVC pipes, foam and wheels and began 34 with designs. She tested out the carts on her own dog and cats. 35 she found a model that worked, she reached out to veterinarians she knew. Seeing Cypress, a disabled 7-month-old puppy, take off in her wheelie, Shaine became even more 36 to her project. She posted pictures of her carts on the Internet, and soon 37 started coming in. Shaine asks for a few 38 of the animals and then custom-makes each wheelchair for the furry friends. She accepts just enough money to 39 costs. “I’m so pleased that I am able to fill a need,” says the 40 girl, “Helping disabled pets means the world to me!” 26．A．subscribed to B．came across C．checked out D．reflected on 27．A．teacher B．guest C．volunteer D．doctor 28．A．care B．duty C．recognition D．courage 29．A．cautiously B．worriedly C．healthily D．freely 30．A．sympathy B．curiosity C．hope D．doubt 31．A．carried B．clicked C．counted D．rested 32．A．excitement B．pride C．relief D．astonishment 33．A．produced B．gathered C．arranged D．bought 34．A．comparing B．dealing C．consulting D．experimenting 35．A．Before B．Once C．Unless D．Though 36．A．accustomed B．limited C．committed D．submitted 37．A．investments B．profits C．orders D．advertisements 38．A．measurements B．comments C．expectations D．behaviors 39．A．estimate B．reduce C．spread D．cover 40．A．sensitive B．considerate C．ambitious D．patient Cloze 04 （23-24高二下·江苏淮安·期中）Last Sunday, Jake Snelling and his friends went up to the mountains to do some exploring. Feeling quite proud of their achievement, they decided to 41 themselves. They went to a local restaurant and 42 some dishes. The food was delicious, and everything seemed perfect until 43 struck. Jake failed to chew his food properly, and something just got 44 —he couldn’t breathe at all. Unaware that something was 45 , his friends continued to chat and laugh while Jake struggled to 46 . When they noticed his 47 behavior, they thought he had indigestion (消化不良). They attempted to help by patting (拍打) his back but it wasn’t 48 . At that time, waiter Sheakh Nazmul Hasan Rifat spotted the group and sprang into action to 49 Jake. Rifat performed the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) to free the food he was choking on. Rifat was 50 and focused on the task at hand. And then, Jake’s airway cleared and he started to breathe. The whole restaurant gave Rifat a big 51 . Jake hugged Rifat and 52 him. Rifat said his father had done the same thing with him when he was a child, so he 53 knew what to do. Despite the event, Jake was not put off the rest of his 54 . He went back for a bit more of it. He also left a 55 , although Rifat was unwilling to accept it. 41．A．treat B．trust C．test D．teach 42．A．made B．broke C．washed D．ordered 43．A．reality B．disaster C．challenge D．failure 44．A．stuck B．lost C．missed D．changed 45．A．crazy B．stolen C．wrong D．damaged 46．A．explain B．escape C．balance D．breathe 47．A．childish B．unusual C．dangerous D．unacceptable 48．A．hurting B．working C．burning D．moving 49．A．guide B．comfort C．save D．protect 50．A．calm B．curious C．confused D．careless 51．A．hug B．cake C．welcome D．clap 52．A．paid B．helped C．encouraged D．thanked 53．A．immediately B．suddenly C．eventually D．hardly 54．A．task B．action C．meal D．trip 55．A．gap B．tip C．message D．mark Cloze 05 （23-24高一下·重庆·期末）I sat at the table with my little son. Matthew, trying to ignore the ache in my stomach. “Mama, want to play?” “Not today, baby.” I 56 my head. I was still recovering from an operation. I hoped for 57 and happiness, but the future seemed so hopeless. Suddenly, Matthew shouted “Bird!”, rushing to our courtyard. There was a white dove 58 in a rubber tree. It sat there for a few 59 , and then flew away. When I 60 myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. Thus time it was with a mate carrying 61 . “Look, Matthew,” I said, pointing to the tree. “They’re going to make a nest.” The doves flew in and out of the 62 all week, building on top of the rubber tree. Matthew could hardly 63 his excitement. Every morning, he’d run into the kitchen, talking to the birds. His happiness was 64 . Aching as I was, I couldn’t help but feel cheerful. Then it all went 65 . One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground. I heard the twigs (细枝) 66 . Nothing good ever lasted. I wouldn’t 67 the doves if they never came back. But they returned. They started again from the beginning, as if nothing had happened. Watching the doves 68 carry sticks and arrange them attentively, I couldn’t help but see a 69 of my own journey. Just as they persevered in the face of obstacles, I too found the strength to 70 my own life. 56．A．adjusted B．nodded C．shook D．lifted 57．A．gratitude B．strength C．forgiveness D．promotion 58．A．seated B．stuck C．singing D．sleeping 59．A．minutes B．days C．months D．years 60．A．adapted B．removed C．updated D．dragged 61．A．babies B．sticks C．awards D．aims 62．A．kitchen B．nest C．courtyard D．town 63．A．gather B．reserve C．establish D．contain 64．A．average B．effective C．influential D．fascinating 65．A．wrong B．flat C．blind D．fine 66．A．go off B．set off C．break out D．break apart 67．A．respect B．blame C．protest D．investigate 68．A．sadly B．harmoniously C．tirelessly D．illegally 69．A．threat B．reflection C．benefit D．philosophy 70．A．rebuild B．ensure C．greet D．satisfy Cloze 06 （23-24高一下·安徽蚌埠·期末）I was going through the strongest rainstorm in my area. When I reached the traffic light, my engine stated to sputter (发劈啪声) and 71 . I tried to start it a few times, but it was 72 . Because other cars were diving behind, I knew I was 73 the road then. When I didn’t know what to do, there was a 74 on the window. A man standing in the pouring rain said, “Hey, do you need help?” I replied I did 75 . The man continued, “I’ve got a repair shop uphill. We can 76 your car up there.” Then the man and his coworkers forced my car up to a steep hill. Upon 77 , I got out of the car and the man said, “I know your car model. The place where the engine gets its air is very low. With that much water on the road, it likely 78 some water. If you were lucky, only your plugs (插头) got wet and can’t produce sparks (火花). In that case, we had less 79 .” After checking my car, the man said, “Good news. There is nothing 80 with your engine. Your plugs have been all 81 off. You can go now.” Then he tried to let me get my car out. I stared at him in 82 and said, “Wait. I need to know how much to 83 you.” “Oh, we hardly fixed the car. So we did this for free.” I put $20 in his hand forcefully. I know their 84 was more than that because kindness is priceless. Eventually, my car was running smoothly again and I was 85 on the way home. 71．A．started B．stopped C．raced D．dropped 72．A．useless B．impractical C．meaningless D．unnatural 73．A．keeping B．crossing C．blocking D．hitting 74．A．voice B．letter C．sight D．knock 75．A．frankly B．confidently C．excitedly D．generously 76．A．wash B．follow C．push D．drive 77．A．driving B．arrival C．leaving D．survival 78．A．took in B．swept away C．poured out D．cut off 79．A．stress B．luck C．concern D．trouble 80．A．mysterious B．abnormal C．unhealthy D．different 81．A．called B．shown C．put D．dried 82．A．fear B．anger C．confusion D．disappointment 83．A．pay B．treat C．respect D．please 84．A．ambition B．worth C．regret D．challenge 85．A．proud B．curious C．grateful D．awkward 语法填空5篇-精选重难题 Passage 01 （23-24高一下·安徽安庆·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since its creation in the 12th century, Qianli Jiangshan Tu, or A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, has been held up as 1 masterpiece of traditional Chinese painting. But perhaps just as 2 (impress) as the work itself is the fact that it was created by a teenager. A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains is the only existing work from Wang Ximeng, a talented painter of the Northern Song dynasty. According to historical records, Wang entered the Imperial Painting Academy when he was in his early 3 (teen). Emperor Huizong is said 4 (discover) the boy’s special talent with a brush and taken charge of his education 5 (personal) as a painter. By the time Wang was 18, he 6 (master) the latest painting techniques and began to develop his own unique style. Over a period of six months in 1113, he devoted himself to the landscape work for which he is still remembered today. 7 (measure) about 12 meters long and 0.5 meters high, A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains displays running rivers 8 (cover) with fog with the background of rolling mountains in the distance. In the painting, there are not only fishing villages, pavilions (亭子) and grass houses, 9 persons such as fishermen 10 drift (漂流) on the river, and sellers and buyers in a crowded market. Wang Ximeng demonstrated Chinese people’s love for life, their homes and the country. Passage 02 （23-24高一下·四川成都·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At 7:38 on June 4, 2024, the Chang’e-6 ascender (上升器) carrying lunar samples took off from the back of the moon and 11 (success) entered the predetermined circular orbit around the moon. Chang’e-6 has completed the 12 (world) first sampling (采样) and take-off on the lunar far side. From June 2 to 3, Chang’e-6 successfully 13 (complete) the intelligent and rapid sampling in the South Pole-Aitken Basin on the far side of the moon, 14 stored the precious lunar far side samples in the storage device 15 (carry) by the ascender, completing the “packing” of this cosmic express delivery. Compared with the lunar surface take-off of Chang’e-5, the 16 (engineer) realization of the lunar far side take-off of the Chang'e-6 ascender is 17 (difficult). With the assistance of the Queqiao-2 relay satellite, 18 Chang’e-6 ascender realizes autonomous positioning and attitude determination with the help of special sensors carried by itself. After ignition and take-off, the ascender went through three stages of vertical ascent, attitude 19 (adjust), and orbit injection, and successfully entered the predetermined circular orbit around the moon. In the follow-up, lunar samples will be transferred 20 the returner and brought back to Earth by the returner. Passage 03 （23-24高一下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists at the University of Rochester have found that blinking (眨眼睛) plays a bigger role than we thought. Typically, to clear dust out of our eyes 21 (regard) as the main reason why we blink. That’s 22 (evident) reasonable. But the fact is that our eyes 23 (respond) seems too much. On average, humans blink up to 20 times every minute. Although each blink only lasts between 0.1 and 0.4 seconds, that adds up to around 8% of our waking hours spent 24 our eyes closed. The brain has to work harder 25 (fight) those constant movements, so it doesn’t seem worthwhile to take the trouble without getting any other benefit in return. The Rochester researchers set out to figure out 26 that benefit might be. The team tracked eye movements in humans and coupled the data with computer models. The scientists found that the rapid eye movement during a blink changes the light patterns, 27 (send) a different type of visual (视觉的) signal to the brain. Blinking helps people take in the “big picture” of a scene, 28 notice large-scale, slowly changing patterns. “We show that humans benefit from blinking through the information 29 (communicate) by the eye movement.” Said Bin Yang, first author of the study. “Thus, different from the 30 (establish) belief, blinking improves visual processing rather than damaging it.” Passage 04 （23-24高一下·河北衡水·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qiyuan Garden is a classical type private garden 31 (locate) in Wuyuan Township of Haiyan County in Zhejiang Province. It is one of the top ten gardens in China. The old name of it is Feng’s Garden. During the Qing Dynasty, 32 owner of the Garden, Feng Zuanzhai, settled here. The layout of the whole garden 33 (express) the harmonious manner between water and mountains. The garden has a large area of water 34 it is dotted with a few constructions. The entrance of the garden is on the west side. In the middle of the garden is the flower hall with bridges in front. The 35 (flow) water goes around the hall to the north, and by the other side of the pool in front of the hall 36 (be) artificial hills. The layout of the garden is similar 37 the structure of the Humble Administrator’s Garden in Suzhou. The garden has 38 (vary) attractions with fancy names such as Butterfly Drops into Greens and the Setting Sun on the Lotus Pool. Pathways here consist of waterways, mountain holes, underground tunnels and fly-over beams (飞梁), 39 will bring you to a dreamland. Beautiful gloriettes (亭子) are distributed evenly in the garden to provide a place for 40 (relax). Passage 05 （23-24高一下·江西宜春·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s new hit TV show To the Wonder has made Altay in the Xinjiang Uygur 41 (autonomy) region a new trendy tourism destination among young people, 42 are attracted by the breathtaking views and the simple and heartwarming lives of the local residents. Adapted 43 My Altay, a collection of prose by Li Juan, the drama tells the story of Li Wenxiu, a young woman who returned to her hometown of Altay 44 (live) with her mother after failing in her dream of becoming a writer and having setbacks at work. She then found the 45 (mean) of life and her love in Altay. The grassland views and free and easy lives 46 (show) in the teleplay soon made Altay one of the top-tier (顶级) tourism destinations among young people.The travel portal(门户网站) Qunar said that from May 7 — the day the TV show began its commercial airing, flight ticket bookings to Altay 47 (rise) 20 percent compared with the same period in the previous month, and hotel bookings doubled during the period on its platform. It’s not the first time in recent years that a hit show 48 (help) turn its location into a popular tourism destination. In January 2023, the TV drama Meet Yourself, starring Liu Yifei and Li Xian, made Dali in the southwestern province of Yunnan a trendy tourism destination. Xiao Peng, 49 researcher from travel portal Qunar, said that it’s common to see a TV drama boosting its location’s potential as a tourist destination in recent years. Citing To the Wonder as an example, he said that the local authorities or tourism companies can optimize tour products 50 (combine) natural views and cultural elements in Altay to improve people’s travel experiences. 书信写作5篇-精选重难题 Writing 01 （23-24高一下·安徽亳州·期末）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 Ryan想学一门中国传统艺术，发邮件征求你的意见。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 推荐一门中国传统艺术并简述理由； 2. 提出一些建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Ryan, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely. Li Hua Writing 02 （23-24高一下·重庆·期末）假设你是学校科技社的李华，你校将举办主题为“生活中的人工智能”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的同学参加这次比赛。内容包括： 1. 比赛的主题、时间、地点；2. 参赛的要求；3. 参赛的意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear classmates, I am Li Hua, a member of our school’s Technology Club. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua Writing 03 （23-24高一下·黑龙江·期末）假定你是李华，你校留学生协会正在筹备中外学生篮球联谊赛，现需要一名精通双语且具有一定篮球知识的裁判。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请做裁判，内容包括： 1. 写信目的：2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：篮球联谊赛basketball friendship match；双语裁判员bilingual referee Dear Sir or Madam, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua Writing 04 （23-24高一下·广东云浮·期末）你校英语报计划组织一场以“好习惯助我成功”为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 好习惯的重要性； 2. 举例说明； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 100个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Fellow students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 05 （23-24高一下湖北咸宁期末）假设你是校学生会主席李华，你校近期将举办“纪录身边的美好瞬间”的英语视频征集活动，请你为这次活动写一则英语通知，内容包括： 1. 活动目的 2. 视频要求（内容、时长） 3. 投稿方式。 词数：80字左右。 Notice ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 读后续写6篇-精选重难题 Writing 01 （23-24高一下·安徽·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One day Albert found a baby bird lying on the ground, squawking (叫喊) for help. Feeling sad for the bird, Albert petted it gently and wanted to help it, but he didn’t know how since he was just 7 years old. So he took the bird in his hands, carried it carefully home and showed it to his parents. At once, his parents took action. They washed the bird and found it injured. With the help of his parents, Albert dressed the wound. But it would need time and care for the bird to completely recover. As the bird had become dear to his heart, Albert immediately offered to care for the bird. Albert named his new friend “Lucky”. He began to feed the bird and he even ran out to collect grass to build a soft nest for the bird. Then, he put the nest beside his bed. Albert and the bird were sleeping together and living together. Soon they became close friends. Albert always told it about his experiences in school and his secrets. Lucky, an extremely patient audience, usually responded to him with a few nods and chirps (叽叽喳喳声). Albert’s parents also loved Lucky. They regarded it as a family member. In the course of time, Lucky gradually recovered and started to hop (脚跳) and jump a little bit and exercise its wings. That made everyone happier. Soon it would be able to fly. How wonderful! But what then? Albert became thoughtful and started to think. “If Lucky started to fly, it could simply fly away one day.” But that would not happen. Albert loved his friend so much that he couldn’t imagine parting with it. He wondered, “I should surely stay with Lucky forever. But how? Keep the windows closed all the time? That was not practical.” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then, he bought a small cage and kept Lucky in it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Worried and confused, he didn’t know what to do about it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 02 （23-24高一下·辽宁·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。 The August heat is really unbearable. Eric and Bernard decided to go to City Library to spend a productive afternoon. It was so hot that every step they took made them sweaty. Eric suggested taking a short cut in a nearby park. Central Park is familiar to both of them. As they entered the park, the Children’s Paradise and swings brought back some sweet memories of childhood they spent there. But nearly everything in it looked dirty and old now. The park was full of litter, even some lying on the ground near the trash can. A little boy told them the city took the other trash cans away and that the remaining one never got emptied. On the way to the library, they were silent and depressed, with a wrinkled forehead. When Mr Henry, a kind and enthusiastic librarian, met the boys, he sensed something strange. As they eagerly shared what they saw in the park, he listened to them with interest. Hearing that, he recommended them to the Community Hall to voice their concerns. The next day the boys walked into the Community Hall. But without any luck, they were declined by an implied official. They were told that their problem couldn’t be solved on account of tight budget. Upset and desperate, they left and decided to turn to Mr Henry for help. With the help of Mr Henry, they found a nonprofit organization Return Green, which was good at raising money for the project of environmental protection. To their delight, Henry promised to arrange them to present their ideas to Return Green. But there were two vital tasks lying ahead: researching ways to clean the park and preparing a convincing presentation. Bernard was good at surfing the Internet, and Eric was gifted in speaking, so the two cooperated very well. Bernard learned from a science website that a new trash can is able to squeeze (挤) the trash down without being emptied. Based on this, Eric was preparing a presentation over and over again. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Para. 1: Two weeks later, Eric nervously waited for his turn to introduce their plan to the board (董事会) of Return Green. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: After receiving the good news, Eric was eager to share it with Bernard . ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 03 （23-24高一下·河南驻马店·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Frank had just adapted to his new life in China. Among the many exciting experiences, he struck up a close friendship with Li Ming, a local student. One Saturday, Li Ming invited Frank to try traditional Chinese food, steamed dumplings, for lunch. Eager to experience the local culture, Frank delightedly accepted the invitation. The moment Frank arrived, Li Ming, along with his mother, Mrs. Zhou greeted him warmly at the door. Inside the house, a cute cat was playing, adding a touch of liveliness to the already joyous occasion. Then they gathered in the kitchen to make steamed dumplings together. Li Ming prepared the filling, while Mrs. Zhou taught Frank how to make dumpling wrappers. Mrs. Zhou gently instructed Frank, “The dough should not be too wet or sticky, and rolling the dumpling wrappers requires most care to ensure the same thickness.” Everything going smoothly, the steamed dumplings were ready. Suddenly, an unexpected incident occurred when Frank offered to set the table in the dining room. As Frank put a plate on the table, his hand slipped. With a loud crash, the plate fell onto the floor, scattering dipping sauce everywhere. In panic, Frank stood rooted to the spot with his mind completely blank. Mrs. Zhou rushed out of the kitchen. With Mrs. Zhou’s caring eyes fixed on him, Frank was too ashamed to tell the truth. Seeing the cat nearby, Frank stammered, “It was the cat. ” Mrs. Zhou smiled gently, “It happens. The cat is always energetic and naughty.” Li Ming laughed, “Never mind.” Mrs. Zhou quickly cleaned up the mess with her son. The steamed dumplings were delicious. Li Ming and his mother were trying their best to make Frank feel at home. However, it was hard for Frank to really enjoy the food, because he lied to his good friend’s mother and his friend! Finally, Frank said goodbye to the friendly family and left with his secret. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右; (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: On the bus back home, Frank’s heart overflowed with mixed feelings. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The following morning, Frank knocked on the door of Li Ming’s house. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 04 （23-24高一下·山东日照·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One day, Emma’s mother brought Emma to her favorite steak house (牛排餐厅). She was excited all the way when she was sitting in her mother’s car. Listening to the wonderful music, she couldn’t help but dance in the back seat. Considering her safety, her mother had to stop her and said, “Hey! My sweety! Please be quiet and fasten your seat belt!” “Okay! Mom,” she answered while continuing to roll down the car window. “Emma! Don’t head out of the window! This is very dangerous! No hands either!” Mom raised his voice as she spoke. She said yes and then quietly sat back in place. But there was no previous happiness. She got off in silence and ordered meals silently. Her mother thought that perhaps her tone had just been too urgent, and she tried to make her happy. “Sweetheart, this is a monthly steak appointment. Can you enjoy it with your mom happily?” Emma nodded silently but continued to stare out of the window. Ten minutes later, Emma looked at the large plate of steak and potatoes as if she had no intention of eating them. Mom sighed and asked, “Isn’t it your favorite steak, sweetheart?” “It is, mom,” Emma said in a low voice. After listening to her answer, Mom brought the steak and planned to help her daughter cut it into small pieces as before. “No, mom, she quickly reached out for the plate. “I can only eat it once a month, right?” “Yes, we made a promise about this,” said the mother. “Can I just give it to him?” Emma cautiously asked, and her-eyes filled with expectations. Following the direction of her finger, there was a homeless man in tattered (破烂的) clothes. And she realized that the man was the figure that flashed by the roadside when her daughter leaned out of the window in the car. “Of course, you can,” her mother agreed. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为120左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Emma quickly left the table with the full plate of food in hand. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As Emma returned, her mother smiled proudly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 05 （23-24高一下·海南·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 73-year-old Barbara sat at a bus stop on a rainy evening, thinking of the past and wishing to find her purpose in life. A sudden sound awakened her. She got up and slowly approached the bus, as people aboard impatiently waited for her to get on quickly so the bus could start soon. Barbara looked around for an empty seat but found none and nobody wanted to give their seat to her. As the helpless woman looked toward the farther corner of the bus, she saw a little boy waving at her, smiling. Barbara thought the boy had mistaken her for someone else. Minutes later, he pushed through the crowd, held her hand and took her to his seat. Barbara sat down and thanked the boy. A young woman near her smiled and said, “It’s okay. David was just doing his job!” She introduced herself as the boy’s mother, Kristen. Then a conversation started between them, from which Barbara learnt more about the mother and son. In fact, the boy’s father died two years ago, leaving the mother with a great debt (债务) to pay and five little kids to feed. Every day was already a terrible struggle for them. To make matters worse, the youngest son of the family, Kevin, fell seriously ill and was battling for his life in the hospital now. A strange feeling of sadness and pity struck Barbara. Moved by the single mother’s story, Barbara wanted to help. She felt Kristen was like her when she was at Kristen’s age: her husband and daughter died of illness many years ago. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 So Barbara asked Kristen how she might help her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Barbara arrived at the hospital with a box of money. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 06 （23-24高一下·湖北·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Is this all I got?” asked my daughter, Allison. "I asked for a new cellphone and a laptop!” “Where are the rest of the presents?" asked my son, Blake. Money was tight, and as a single parent, I was doing the best I could. My feelings were hurt, but l didn't want to show it. I was very disappointed in their reactions to their presents. “What kind of Christmas is this?” asked Allison. I was starting to get angry now. How selfish and unappreciative could my children be? What had we done? I was on my own now, and I couldn't maintain our old lifestyle. "Okay! I want you to remember how you are acting this Christmas and the hurtful thing you have said. We will be celebrating Christmas in a whole new way next year!" I told them. The months went by quickly. I was planning our next Christmas celebration in my head a little every day and determined to teach them a lesson. I contacted agencies to find a family that desperately needed help. That's how I found the family with four children to support on low income. That next Christmas we did all the usual traditions, but as Christmas Eve drew closer, there were still no presents under the tree. Finally, my kids asked where the gifts were and I explained that we would be giving gifts to a family that truly needed them. They needed to see what it was like to need essentials such as clothing and food. We went shopping that weekend. We bought gifts for all the children and purchased everything they would need for a nice Christmas dinner and the winter. Blake and Allison didn't seem happy with the situation, but I was sure I had them thinking about their attitudes last Christmas. I had a couple of gifts hidden in my closet, but they would only get them if they were polite and respectful to this family and to me. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was the day before Christmas Eve, the day we would deliver the food and gifts. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The drive home was quiet. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019） 考题猜想08下学期期末真题重难题型组合练 阅读理解5篇-精选重难题 Passage 01 （23-24高一下·北京丰台·期末）A Perspective article published in Nature this week says that AI systems pose a further risk: that researchers envision such tools as possessed of superhuman abilities when it comes to objectivity, productivity and understanding complex concepts. Scientists planning to use AI “must evaluate these risks now, while AI applications are still nascent (未成熟的), because they will be much more difficult to address if AI tools become deeply embedded in the research pipeline”, write co-authors Lisa Messeri and Molly Crockett. In this article, Messeri and Crockett put together a picture of the ways in which scientists see AI systems as enhancing human capabilities. In one ‘vision’, which they call AI as Oracle, researchers see AI tools as able to tirelessly read and digest scientific papers, and so survey the scientific literature more exhaustively than people can. In both Oracle and another vision, called AI as Arbiter, systems are perceived as evaluating scientific findings more objectively than do people, because they are less likely to cherry-pick the literature to support a desired hypothesis or to show favouritism in peer review. In a third vision, AI as Quant, AI tools seem to surpass the limits of the human mind in analyzing vast and complex data. In the fourth, AI as Surrogate, AI tools simulate (模拟) data that are too difficult or complex to obtain. Informed by anthropology and cognitive science, Messeri and Crockett predict risks that arise from these visions. One is the illusion of explanatory depth, in which people relying on another person — or, in this case, an algorithm — for knowledge have a tendency to mistake that knowledge for their own and think their understanding is deeper than it actually is. Another risk is that research becomes skewed towards studying the kinds of thing that AI systems can test — the researchers call this the illusion of exploratory breadth. For example, in social science, the vision of AI as Surrogate could encourage experiments involving human behaviors that can be simulated by an AI — and discourage those on behaviors that cannot, such as anything that requires being embodied physically. There’s also the illusion of objectivity, in which researchers see AI systems as representing all possible viewpoints or not having a viewpoint. In fact, these tools reflect only the viewpoints found in the data they have been trained on, and are known to adopt the biases (偏见) found in those data. “There’s a risk that we forget that there are certain questions we just can’t answer about human beings using AI tools,” says Crockett. The illusion of objectivity is particularly worrying given the benefits of including diverse viewpoints in research. If you’re a scientist planning to use AI, you can reduce these dangers through a number of strategies. One is to map your proposed use to one of the visions, and consider which traps you are most likely to fall into. Another approach is to be deliberate about how you use AI. Deploying AI tools to save time on something your team already has expertise in is less risky than using them to provide expertise you just don’t have, says Crockett. 1．According to Paragraph 2, which might scientists agree with? A．Human intelligence can’t be overshadowed in analyzing data. B．Prejudice has been ruled out by AI tools in scientific evaluation. C．Studies with desired hypothesis are usually favored in peer review. D．AI can conduct a relatively thorough overview of the prior research. 2．What does the underlined word “skewed” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Declining. B．Partial. C．Dynamic. D．Irrelevant. 3．What can we learn from this passage? A．Relying on AI to fill gaps in the team’s knowledge is much preferable. B．AI isn’t limited to the outlook and biases present within its training data. C．Instant actions must be taken to rate AI’s risks before it is fully integrated into research. D．Users counting heavily on AI tend to underestimate their insight of a concept. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．A Call for Considered Use of AI in Science B．The Unseen Biases of AI in Social Science C．AI’s Role in Enhancing Human Expertise D．How AI Is Shaping Scientific Discovery 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了人工智能在科学研究中的应用可能带来的风险，包括对人工智能超人能力的错觉，以及由此产生的研究偏向和客观性幻象。作者呼吁科学家人工智能工具尚处于初级阶段时评估并应对这些风险，提出通过识别使用人工智能的潜在陷阱和有意识地应用人工智能来减少危险的策略。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“In one ‘vision’, which they call AI as Oracle, researchers see AI tools as able to tirelessly read and digest scientific papers, and so survey the scientific literature more exhaustively than people can. (在一个“愿景”中，他们将人工智能称为甲骨文，研究人员认为人工智能工具能够不知疲倦地阅读和消化科学论文，因此比人类更详尽地调查科学文献。)”以及“In a third vision, AI as Quant, AI tools seem to surpass the limits of the human mind in analyzing vast and complex data. In the fourth, AI as Surrogate, AI tools simulate (模拟) data that are too difficult or complex to obtain. (在第三种愿景中，AI as Quant，人工智能工具在分析庞大而复杂的数据方面似乎超越了人类思维的极限。在第四个中，人工智能作为替代物，人工智能工具模拟太难或太复杂而无法获得的数据。)”可知，人工智能工具可以更详尽地调查科学文献，分析庞大而复杂的数据，并模拟太难或太复杂而无法获得的数据，由此可推知，科学家可能同意的观点是人工智能能够对先前的研究进行相对全面的概述。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Another risk is that research becomes skewed towards studying the kinds of thing that AI systems can test—the researchers call this the illusion of exploratory breadth. (另一个风险是，研究对于研究人工智能系统可以测试的东西变得skewed——研究人员称之为探索广度的错觉。)”可知，研究可能会偏向于人工智能系统能够测试的类型的事物，推测划线单词表示“偏向的”，与Partial意义相近。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists planning to use AI “must evaluate these risks now, while AI applications are still nascent (未成熟的), because they will be much more difficult to address if AI tools become deeply embedded in the research pipeline”, write co-authors Lisa Messeri and Molly Crockett. (合著者Lisa Messeri和Molly Crockett写道，计划使用人工智能的科学家“现在必须评估这些风险，而人工智能应用仍处于萌芽阶段，因为如果人工智能工具深深嵌入研究管道中，它们将更难解决”。)”可知，在人工智能完全融入研究之前，必须立即采取行动对其风险进行评估。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists planning to use AI “must evaluate these risks now, while AI applications are still nascent (未成熟的), because they will be much more difficult to address if AI tools become deeply embedded in the research pipeline”, write co-authors Lisa Messeri and Molly Crockett. (合著者Lisa Messeri和Molly Crockett写道，计划使用人工智能的科学家“现在必须评估这些风险，而人工智能应用仍处于萌芽阶段，因为如果人工智能工具深深嵌入研究管道中，它们将更难解决”)”、最后一段“If you’re a scientist planning to use AI, you can reduce these dangers through a number of strategies. One is to map your proposed use to one of the visions, and consider which traps you are most likely to fall into. Another approach is to be deliberate about how you use AI. Deploying AI tools to save time on something your team already has expertise in is less risky than using them to provide expertise you just don’t have, says Crockett. (如果你是一名计划使用人工智能的科学家，你可以通过多种策略来减少这些危险。一种是将你提议的用途映射到其中一个愿景，并考虑你最有可能陷入哪些陷阱。另一种方法是慎重考虑如何使用人工智能。Crockett说，部署人工智能工具来节省团队已经拥有的专业知识的时间，比使用它们来提供你没有的专业知识风险更小。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讨论了人工智能在科学领域的应用可能带来的风险，包括对人工智能能力的过度信任，以及这种信任可能导致的误解和偏斜，呼吁科学家在人工智能工具尚未完全融入研究流程之前，对其潜在风险进行评估，所以“呼吁在科学中经过慎重考虑使用人工智能”适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 Passage 02 （23-24高一下·江苏常州·期末）“The news is ... there is no news.” With those words, outside St Mary’s Hospital in London awaiting the birth of Prince George in July 2013, my reporting for the BBC went viral on the Internet. Not for what I was saying but the way I was saying it. The helpless look. The depressed tone. Viewers could relate to me. Because they are human. And so am I. Fedha is not human. Yes, the fair-haired woman looks human. This week she was introduced as the first presenter in Kuwait who works by artificial intelligence. “What kind of news do you prefer? Let's hear your opinions,” she says in Arabic. AI newsreaders actually never make a cock-up of their jobs. They can skip the mispronunciations, the complaints over foundation colours in makeup, and even the stresses over too-weak hairspray. To examine the problems that may come with an AI newsreader, I thought I would turn the tables and ask Genie — the chatbot powered by ChatGPT. “They may struggle with delivering the news in a way that is appealing to viewers,” Genie says. I get that. As far as delivering the news is concerned, the face and voice behind it matters. My ChatGPT friend also tells me that there are concerns about the potential for AI newsreaders to be used to spread false information, as they may not be able to determine the correctness of a story’s source. Not just in the delivery of news, but in its content. AI is already involved in the spread of “untrue news” — and that will only get worse. At a time when trust in news providers is reducing, the next few years threaten to be very challenging if that trust is to be regained. One of the main concerns about AI newsreaders is that they lack the human touch and emotion. I have delivered some of the biggest stories. Whether it be an air attack or the death of a major figure, it's not just the words that matter. You need to look and sound right. An AI newsreader cannot convey (传达) a reaction to a breaking story. 5．How did viewers react according to paragraph 1? A．They found the reporting confusing. B．They felt excited about the reporting. C．They considered the author unprofessional. D．They knew the author’s thoughts and feelings. 6．What does the underlined part “make a cock-up of” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Talk about. B．Make a fool of. C．Keep an eye on. D．Mess up. 7．What does Genie think of AI newsreaders? A．They may deliver misleading news. B．They can locate the source of a news story. C．They interact with viewers in an improper way. D．They wear the same facial expressions as humans. 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To voice his doubt about AI newsreaders. B．To share his experience of being a reporter. C．To introduce an AI newsreader called Fedha. D．To show ChatGPT's impact on news reporting. 【答案】5．D 6．D 7．A 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了人工智能新闻播报员的局限，特别是其缺乏人类情感和触感的问题，以及对新闻真实性和信任度的潜在影响。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后三句“Viewers could relate to me. Because they are human. And so am I.”（观众们能够理解我。因为他们是人类，而我也是。）可推断观众通过作者无助的表情和沮丧的语调，能够感受到作者当时的想法和情感。因此，他们与作者产生了共鸣，理解了作者的心情。故选D。 6．短语猜测题。根据后文“They can skip the mispronunciations, the complaints over foundation colours in makeup, and even the stresses over too-weak hairspray.”（它们可以跳过发音错误、对化妆粉底颜色的抱怨，甚至是对发胶不够牢固的担忧。） ，此处列举了AI新闻播报员不会犯的一些常见错误，如发音错误、化妆颜色问题、以及头发定型喷雾不足等问题，由此可推测前文强调的是AI新闻播报员不会在工作中犯错，故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“My ChatGPT friend also tells me that there are concerns about the potential for AI newsreaders to be used to spread false information, as they may not be able to determine the correctness of a story's source. Not just in the delivery of news, but in its content. ”（我的 ChatGPT 朋友还告诉我，人们担心人工智能新闻播报员可能会被用来传播虚假信息，因为他们可能无法确定新闻来源的正确性。不仅是在新闻传递方面，而且在新闻内容方面。）可知，Genie 认为人工智能新闻播报员可能会传播误导性新闻。故选A。 8．写作目的题。在文中，作者通过自己的亲身经历，描述了人类新闻播报员在播报新闻时的情感和反应，然后对比了人工智能新闻播报员的局限性，比如缺乏人类的情感和可能传播虚假信息的风险。作者通过提出这些问题和担忧，表达了对人工智能新闻播报员能否有效地替代人类播报员的怀疑态度。故选A。 Passage 03 （23-24高一下·湖南·期末）For more than 75 years, mathematicians have been confused about how to divide resources to make everyone satisfied. For example, how can you cut a cake to make sure everyone at the party is happy with what they get. The “I cut, you choose” method works for two people. What about sharing among three or more? Hugo Steinhaus was a pioneer devoted to this complexity (复杂性). He came up with an improved I-cut-you-choose way for three players, the lone-divider method. Here, someone cuts the cake. Let’s call her Alice. She cuts the cake into three pieces that she values equally. Then a second person, Bob, says which of the pieces he would accept. If he agrees on at least two pieces, then the third person, Carla, can take any piece she wants. At least one of the remaining pieces is acceptable to Bob, so he picks next. Alice gets what’s left. If Bob and Carla both reject the same piece, that piece goes to Alice. The remaining two pieces are recombined and shared between Bob and Carla using I-cut-you-choose. Steinhaus also discussed the “last-cutter” method for any number of cake eaters. But in both the lone-divider and last-cutter approaches, a person who gets an early piece may see a later one they wish they had instead-even though they had at first thought their piece was fair. “Cake works as a stand-in for anything that can be divided,” says Steven Brams, a political scientist at New York University. “Though cake-cutting ideas have some disadvantages, they have real-world uses. How can food be divided up between communities? How should roommates share work? How can communities draw boundaries (边界线)?” 9．What did Hugo Steinhaus use the cake-cutting way to study? A．Fairness. B．Kindness. C．Happiness. D．Generosity. 10．What does the underlined word “reject” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Consume. B．Appreciate. C．Refer to. D．Turn down. 11．What makes the cake-cutting methods imperfect according to paragraph 4? A．The irregular cake. B．The human nature. C．The uncertain process. D．The large number of eaters. 12．What does the last paragraph mainly focus on? A．The standard of the cake- cutting methods. B．The weakness of the cake-cutting methods. C．The practical application of the cake-cutting methods. D．The doubts raised about the cake-cutting methods. 【答案】9．A 10．D 11．B 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Hugo Steinhaus的解决公平问题的“分蛋糕”的方法。 9．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For more than 75 years, mathematicians have been confused about how to divide resources to make everyone satisfied. For example, how can you cut a cake to make sure everyone at the party is happy with what they get. The “I cut, you choose” method works for two people. What about sharing among three or more? (75年来，数学家们一直困惑于如何分配资源以使每个人都满意。)”、第二段“Hugo Steinhaus was a pioneer devoted to this complexity (复杂性). He came up with an improved I-cut-you-choose way for three players, the lone-divider method. (Hugo Steinhaus是致力于这种复杂性的先驱。他提出了一种改进的三人“我-切-你-选”方法，即单人分割法。)”可知，科学家一直困惑于如何分配一个事物可以让每个人满意，因此这个方法研究的是关于公平的。故选A。 10．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Then a second person, Bob, says which of the pieces he would accept. If he agrees on at least two pieces, then the third person, Carla, can take any piece she wants. At least one of the remaining pieces is acceptable to Bob, so he picks next. Alice gets what’s left. (然后第二个人，Bob，说他会接受哪一个。如果他同意至少两块，那么第三人Carla可以拿走她想要的任何一块。剩下的棋子中至少有一个是Bob可以接受的，所以他选择下一个。Alice得到剩下的。)”以及“the same piece, that piece goes to Alice (同一块，那块就归爱丽丝)”可知，此处表示“如果Bob 和Carla 都拒绝了同一块蛋糕，那么这一块蛋糕给 Alice”，划线单词的意思是“拒绝”。A. Consume消费；B. Appreciate欣赏；C. Refer to参考；D. Turn down拒绝。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But in both the lone-divider and last-cutter approaches, a person who gets an early piece may see a later one they wish they had instead-even though they had at first thought their piece was fair. (但是，在“单独分割”和“最后一刀”两种方法中，先得到一份的人可能会看到他们希望得到的另一份，尽管他们一开始认为自己得到的那份是公平的。)”可知，导致这两种方法不完美的是人性的不满足。故选B。 12．主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Cake works as a stand-in for anything that can be divided,” says Steven Brams, a political scientist at New York University. “Though cake-cutting ideas have some disadvantages, they have real-world uses. How can food be divided up between communities? How should roommates share work? How can communities draw boundaries (边界线)?” ((New York University政治学家Steven Brams表示：“蛋糕可以代替任何可以分割的东西。”“虽然切蛋糕的想法有一些缺点，但它们在现实世界中是有用的。如何在不同社区之间分配食物？室友应该如何分担工作？社区如何划分界限？”)”可知，本段主要讲述分蛋糕方法的实际应用。故选C。 Passage 04 （23-24高一下·江苏泰州·期末）Some of the 17 million Americans suffering from major depressive disorder may soon receive a surprising new suggestion from their doctors: Have fun on a virtual reality (VR) device. “Depression impacts so many people right now, and we thought VR could have a large impact,” said Bullock, founder of Stanford’s Neurobehavioral Clinic and Virtual Reality program. “There can be significant barriers to behavioral activation (行为激活) in some patients — they might be stuck in a hospital bed, or have no means to involve themselves in enjoyable activities like getting outside, exercising and volunteering. We started wondering whether simulated (模拟的) pleasant activities could be a good first step for them.” The study by Bullock’s team, published in JMIR Mental Health, followed 26 people with major depressive disorder. Half were told to plan and take part in real life activities like going on outings in their community or socializing with friends. The other half used a virtual reality headset to participate in activities ranging from table tennis to touring foreign cities or attending shows. After four weeks, people in both groups saw a decrease in their symptoms of depression and their depression rating by similar amounts. “People who might otherwise have barriers to getting treatment might be open to using this technology in their own homes,” said Margot Paul, a professor of mental and behavioral sciences. Bullock believes the cost and ease of many VR platforms — especially those that have mobile phones put into cheap cardboard headsets — make it an easy treatment to promote. The team says larger and longer-term studies are needed to find the best ways to practice virtual behavioral activation, as well as which patient populations might be best targeted with the VR treatment. They also think more efforts are needed to inform doctors about how to practice VR behavioral activation appropriately. 13．What is the benefit of using virtual reality to treat depression? A．It provides easier access to mood-lifting activities. B．It increases public awareness regarding depression. C．It motivates those with serious depression to get out. D．It is more effective than taking part in real life activities. 14．What’s Margot Paul’s attitude towards the VR treatment? A．Unclear. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Negative. 15．What might the follow-up study focus on? A．Cutting down on the cost of VR treatment. B．Exploring how VR lifts the patient’ spirits. C．Putting the VR treatment into practical use. D．Encouraging doctors to adopt VR treatment. 16．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．VR — a simple tool to treat depression B．VR — a shared world without frontiers C．VR — a replacement for traditional drugs D．VR — a technology taking the world by storm 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．C 16．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一项关于使用虚拟现实（VR）技术治疗重度抑郁症患者的研究。研究发现，通过VR设备进行模拟的愉快活动与传统的现实生活中的活动一样，都能有效减轻患者的抑郁症状。研究人员认为，VR治疗成本低廉、易于推广，但仍需进一步的研究来确定最佳的实践方式，并让医生了解如何恰当地使用这种治疗方法。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“There can be significant barriers to behavioral activation (行为激活) in some patients — they might be stuck in a hospital bed, or have no means to involve themselves in enjoyable activities like getting outside, exercising and volunteering. We started wondering whether simulated (模拟的) pleasant activities could be a good first step for them.”（对于一些患者来说，行为激活可能存在重大障碍——他们可能被困在医院病床上，或者没有办法参与户外活动、锻炼和志愿服务等令人愉快的活动。我们想知道模拟的愉快活动是否是他们的良好第一步。）和第五段中“Bullock believes the cost and ease of many VR platforms — especially those that have mobile phones put into cheap cardboard headsets — make it an easy treatment to promote.”（布洛克认为，许多虚拟现实平台的成本和易用性——尤其是那些将手机放在廉价的纸板耳机上的平台——使其很容易推广。）可推知，对于一些抑郁症患者来说，他们可能没有办法参与令人愉快的活动，而虚拟现实可以让抑郁症患者更容易参加令人愉快的活动，因此，使用虚拟现实来治疗抑郁症的好处是它提供了让抑郁症患者更容易参加令人愉快的活动的途径。故选A项。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段中““People who might otherwise have barriers to getting treatment might be open to using this technology in their own homes,” said Margot Paul, a professor of mental and behavioral sciences.”（精神和行为科学教授Margot Paul说：“那些可能无法获得治疗的人可能会在自己家中使用这种技术。”）可知，Margot Paul认为虚拟现实治疗对于那些可能无法获得治疗的人来说是一个可行的选择，因此他对虚拟现实治疗持赞成态度。故选B项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team says larger and longer-term studies are needed to find the best ways to practice virtual behavioral activation, as well as which patient populations might be best targeted with the VR treatment. They also think more efforts are needed to inform doctors about how to practice VR behavioral activation appropriately.”（该团队表示，需要进行更大规模、更长期的研究，以找到实践虚拟行为激活的最佳方法，以及哪些患者群体最适合接受虚拟现实治疗。他们还认为，需要做出更多努力，让医生了解如何适当地进行虚拟现实行为激活。）可推知，后续研究可能会关注如何将虚拟现实治疗付诸实践。故选C项。 16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some of the 17 million Americans suffering from major depressive disorder may soon receive a surprising new suggestion from their doctors: Have fun on a virtual reality (VR) device.”（在1700万患有重度抑郁症的美国人中，一些人可能很快就会收到医生的一个令人惊讶的新建议：在虚拟现实(VR)设备上玩得开心。）和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了虚拟现实作为一种新的治疗抑郁症的方法，它提供了更容易获得的心情提升活动，可能对那些无法获得传统治疗的人有所帮助。因此，文章的最佳标题应该是“VR — a simple tool to treat depression”（VR——一种简单的治疗抑郁症的工具）。故选A项。 Passage 05 （23-24高一下·河南郑州·期末）As human beings, we naturally tend to become more and more curious about everything about ourselves, including our history, psychology and philosophy. Much of our knowledge moves around humankind itself, as if we were the most important thing in the universe. But in the course of the centuries, we have come to realize just how many wrong ideas we have had. We have learned of the existence of black holes, waves of space, and the extraordinary molecular (分子的) structures in every cell of our bodies. The more we discover, the more we understand that what we don’t yet know is greater than what we know. The more powerful our telescopes are, the stranger and more unexpected are the heavens we see. The closer we look at the detail of matter,  the more we discover of its great structure. In a famous story told by Plato in the seventh book of The Republic, some men are chained at the bottom of a dark cave and see only shadows cast upon a wall by a fire behind them. They think that this is reality. One of them frees himself, leaves the cave and discovers the light of the sun and the wider world. At first, the light, to which his eyes are unaccustomed (不适应的), surprises and confuses him. But eventually he can see and returns excitedly to his friends to tell them what he has seen. They find it hard to believe. We are all in the depths of a cave, chained by our ignorance and prejudice (偏见), so our weak senses show only shadows. If we try to see further, we are confused: we are unaccustomed. But we try. This is science. Scientific thinking explores and redraws the world, gradually offering us better and better images of it, teaching us to think in ever more effective ways. Its strength is its ability to overthrow old ideas, to uncover new regions of reality, and to construct new, more effective images of the world. This adventure rests upon the entirety of past knowledge, but at its heart is change. The incompleteness and the uncertainty of our knowledge, hung over the abyss (深渊) of what we don't know, does not make life meaningless; it makes life interesting and precious. 17．What are the first three paragraphs mainly about? A．Splendid cultures for centuries created by man. B．Enough existing technologies for further exploration. C．New discoveries of the universe proved to be wrong. D．Our incomplete and uncertain knowledge of the universe. 18．Why does the author use the story told by Plato? A．To let us truly realize the cruelty of reality. B．To cheer for the heroic deeds of pursuing freedom. C．To inspire us to explore more about the unknown world. D．To prove our unfamiliarity and prejudice about the world. 19．What does the author want to stress in the article? A．Making nature take its course improves our lives. B．Past knowledge prevents us building a new world. C．Exploring the universe makes our life meaningful. D．Discovering the universe a lot will cause confusion. 20．What could be the best title for the passage? A．The Reasons for Learning to People B．The Significance of Exploring the Unknown C．The Effect of Knowledge on Human Beings D．The Eagerness for Knowledge of the Unknown 【答案】17．D 18．C 19．C 20．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对宇宙认知的局限性与探索未知的重要性。 17．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“But in the course of the centuries, we have come to realize just how many wrong ideas we have had. We have learned of the existence of black holes, waves of space, and the extraordinary molecular (分子的) structures in every cell of our bodies. (但在几个世纪的过程中，我们逐渐意识到我们有多少错误的想法。我们已经了解到黑洞、太空波的存在，以及我们身体每个细胞中非同寻常的分子结构。)”以及第三段的“The more we discover, the more we understand that what we don’t yet know is greater than what we know. (我们发现的越多，就越明白，我们还不知道的东西比我们知道的东西更伟大。)”可知，人类对于自身的探索从历史、心理学到哲学，而这些探索揭示了我们曾有的许多错误观念，如黑洞的发现、空间波以及人体细胞内的分子结构等。所以，前三段都在说明了我们对宇宙的认知是不完整且充满不确定性的。故选D。 18．推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a famous story told by Plato in the seventh book of The Republic, some men are chained at the bottom of a dark cave and see only shadows cast upon a wall by a fire behind them. They think that this is reality. One of them frees himself, leaves the cave and discovers the light of the sun and the wider world. (在柏拉图在《理想国》第七本书中讲述的一个著名故事中，一些人被锁在一个黑暗的洞穴底部，只看到身后的火投射在墙上的影子。他们认为这是现实。其中一人重获自由，离开洞穴，发现了阳光和更广阔的世界。)”可知，作者引用柏拉图的洞穴寓言，意在通过这个故事说明人们最初受限于自身的无知与偏见，只能看到事物的表象（即洞穴中的影子），而真正的知识和现实（洞外的阳光世界）需要通过不懈探索才能获得。由此可推知，作者要用柏拉图讲的故事激励我们去探索更多未知的世界。故选C。 19．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“The incompleteness and the uncertainty of our knowledge, hung over the abyss ( 深渊) of what we don’t know, does not make life meaningless; it makes life interesting and precious. (我们知识的不完整性和不确定性，笼罩在我们不知道的东西的深渊上，并没有使生活变得毫无意义；它使生活变得有趣而珍贵。)”可知，文章整体上强调了尽管人类的知识存在局限性和不确定性，但正是这种对未知的探索让生命变得有趣且宝贵。科学思维不断挑战旧观念，揭示新的现实层面，构建更有效的世界观。由此可推知，作者想要强调的是探索宇宙赋予了我们生活的意义。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“The incompleteness and the uncertainty of our knowledge, hung over the abyss ( 深渊) of what we don’t know, does not make life meaningless; it makes life interesting and precious . (我们知识的不完整性和不确定性，笼罩在我们不知道的东西的深渊上，并没有使生活变得毫无意义；它使生活变得有趣而珍贵。)”可知，整篇文章围绕人类对未知的探索展开，讨论了这一过程如何逐渐改变我们的认知，使得生活充满意义。所以“探索未知的意义”适合作本文的标题。故选B。 阅读理解七选五5篇-精选重难题 Passage 01 （23-24高一下·湖北·期末）In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. 1 This is where critical thinking steps in, helping humans stay ahead in an increasingly automated (自动化的) world. Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. 2 Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. 3 Critical thinkers are able to question the AI's outputs, challenge its assumptions, and ensure that decisions are based on a full understanding of the problem at hand instead of being influenced by these biases and errors. 4 In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. 5 In conclusion, critical thinking is vital in the age of artificial intelligence, ensuring a future that is both technologically advanced and human-centered. A．It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects. B．It enables people to understand the world in various ways. C．Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). D．Critical thinking ensures human advantage in logical reasoning. E．Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. F．Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. G．AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．E 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了在人工智能时代，批判性思维对于人类的重要性，强调其在应对AI局限、促进创新和确保道德决策中的关键作用。 1．上文“In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. (在人工智能（AI）的时代，人类中批判性思维的需求变得至关重要)”这句话强调了在AI盛行的时代，批判性思维对人类的重要。G选项AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. (尽管AI取得了令人印象深刻的进步，但它缺乏深度理解的能力)直接回应了为何在AI时代批判性思维对人类如此重要——因为AI缺乏深度理解和判断力，而这是人类通过批判性思维可以弥补的。故选G项。 2．上文“Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. (批判性思维是积极而巧妙地分析、评估和构建论点的过程。它涉及质疑假设、识别偏见以及根据逻辑和证据做出明智决策的能力)”这段话阐述了批判性思维的定义，根据下文的“Firstly”“Moreover”等可知，后文讲到的多方面人工智能的局限性都可以由批判性思维来弥补。由此可知，A选项It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects.(批判性思维可以在许多方面弥补人工智能的不足之处)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。 3．上文“Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. (首先，人工智能系统被设计为在预定义的参数和数据集内运行。他们擅长模式识别和数据分析，但经常与意外情况作斗争。拥有批判性思维技能的人类可以识别和解决这些盲点，调整他们的方法来应对不可预见的挑战) ”提到了人类运用批判性思维技能可以识别并解决AI系统的盲点。E选项Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. (此外，人工智能还受到训练数据中的偏见和错误的影响。) 是最能填入空白处的句子，因为它既承接了上文关于AI局限性的讨论，又为下文讨论人类批判性思维的优势提供了自然的过渡。故选E项。 4．下文“In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. (在人工智能自动化日常任务的世界里，批判性和创造性思维的能力成为一个独特的因素。它使人类能够产生新颖的想法，以独特的方式解决问题，并为社会进步做出贡献)”这段话强调了在AI自动化了许多日常任务的情况下，批判性思维和创造力成为人类区别于机器的关键能力。C选项Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). (批判性思维鼓励创造力和创新) 和这部分内容完全呼应，并且选项C中的“creativity and innovation (创造力和创新)”直接对应本句话中的“generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways (产生新颖的想法，以独特的方式解决问题)”。故选C项。 5．上文“Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. (在人工智能时代，道德考虑也至关重要。随着人工智能系统越来越多地做出影响人们生活的决定，道德判断和批判性思维的必要性怎么强调都不为过)”讨论了AI决策的道德层面，强调了在AI时代道德判断和批判性思维的重要性。F选项Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. (批判性思考者能够评估潜在的社会影响并作出道德决策) 直接与上文讨论的道德考量和批判性思维在AI决策中的作用相呼应，说明了批判性思维者能够评估社会影响和做出道德决策方面发挥关键作用。故选F项。 Passage 02 （23-24高一下·江西赣州·期末）We promise ourselves that this time, we will not delay something. We make lists, buy journals, try new apps, but no matter what, we often end up falling into the same cycle of delay and avoidance — putting things off, day after day. In fact, frequent procrastination (拖延症) may negatively affect your personal, school, or work lives. 6 Identify small goals. Set a goal to work on something for a short, fixed amount of time. 7 At the end of each workday, make a list of six things to work on the following day. List them out in order of true importance. Deal with those things and only those things the next day. Use natural patterns to rank tasks. If you’re a morning person, do important tasks in the morning. 8 This way, you can ensure that your most productive hours are spent on your most important tasks. 9 Research shows self-forgiveness can help you cope with procrastination-related stress. Take a few moments at the end of your workday to reflect not only on your professional highlights, but also to consider moments where you made yourself proud. Remember every success is just that: a success! Plan ahead. 10 Arrange vacations ahead of time and put systems in place with co-workers so that you can work toward your time away and feel secure that all your goals at work are met. A．Forgive all your mistakes. B．Don’t be too hard on yourself. C．But with some intention and effort, it is possible to fight it. D．Setting a short-term goal helps you measure your progress easily. E．To avoid procrastinating on wellness and rest, schedule in advance. F．If you want to be more organized, consider trying the Ivy Lee method. G．If you feel sleepy around noon, use that time to arrange your list for tomorrow. 【答案】6．C 7．F 8．G 9．B 10．E 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章就如何克服拖延症提出建议。 6．前文“We make lists, buy journals, try new apps, but no matter what, we often end up falling into the same cycle of delay and avoidance — putting things off, day after day. In fact, frequent procrastination(拖延症) may negatively affect your personal, school, or work lives.(我们列出清单，购买期刊，尝试新的应用程序，但不管怎样，我们往往会陷入同样的拖延和回避循环——日复一日地拖延。事实上，经常拖延可能会对你的个人、学校或工作生活产生负面影响。)”讲述了拖延的难以克服以及影响，下文分条提供了一些建议，由此可知，空处应承上启下，C项“但是，只要有一些决心和努力，就有可能克服它。”符合题意。故选C。 7．前文“Identify small goals. Set a goal to work on something for a short, fixed amount of time.(确定小目标。设定一个目标，在短的确定时间内完成某件事。)”讲述了要确定小目标，后文“At the end of each workday, make a list of six things to work on the following day. List them out in order of true importance. Deal with those things and only those things the next day.(在每个工作日结束时，列出第二天要做的六件事。按真正重要的顺序列出。处理那些事情，第二天只处理那些事情。)”提到每天工作结束后列出第二天要做的六件事，由此可知，空处应提出列小目标的具体建议，F选项“如果你想要更有条理，可以考虑尝试Ivy Lee方法。”中提到的Ivy Lee method正是一种组织和管理任务的方法，与这段内容相符。故选F。 8．根据前文“Use natural patterns to rank tasks. If you’re a morning person, do important tasks in the morning.(利用自然模式对任务进行分等级。如果你是一个爱早起的人，那么在早上做一些重要的事情。)”可知，空处应讲述在其他情况下可以做的事情，G项“如果你中午感到困倦，可以利用那段时间安排明天的任务。”讲述了可以在困倦的时候安排明天的任务，这项工作不需要太多精力，符合题意。故选G。 9．空处是本段主旨句。根据下文“Research shows self-forgiveness can help you cope with procrastination-related stress.(研究表明，自我宽恕可以帮助你应对与拖延相关的压力。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要对自己宽容一些，B项“不要对自己太苛刻。”与后面提到的自我宽恕相呼应，强调了不要过于责备自己，而是要学会自我宽恕。故选B。 10．该段标题为“Plan ahead.(提前计划。)”，后文“Arrange vacations ahead of time and put systems in place with co-workers so that you can work toward your time away and feel secure that all your goals at work are met.(提前安排假期，与同事一起让系统就位，这样你就可以在休假期间工作，并确保所有工作目标都能实现。)”提到了安排假期和与同事合作以确保工作目标的实现，所以空处应讲述提前计划，E项“为了避免在健康和休息上拖延，提前安排计划。”符合题意，故选E。 Passage 03 （23-24高一下·辽宁大连·期末）Sometimes, it’s good to be bored “I am dying of boredom,” complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov’s 1897 play Uncle Vanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom. 11 That is the finding of two fascinating recent studies. In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result? 12 In the second study, subjects gave more answers to a word test than a non-bored control group after being forced to watch a dull screensaver. “An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state,” says Sandi Mann, the psychologist at the University of Central Lancashire. “ 13 ” Parents will tell you that kids with “nothing to do” will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever. The problem, the researchers worry, is that these days we don’t struggle to overcome these slow moments. “ 14 ” Mann says. “This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking.” So here is an idea: Instead of always avoiding boredom, embrace and face it. Sometimes, anyway. Mann has found she gets some of her best thinking done when she is driving her car and therefore can’t be distracted by her phone. 15 The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can’t be bothered to do anything. An important part of our modern task, then, is learning to evaluate these different types of boredom — to distinguish the useful kind from the harmful one. A．And there is, of course, bad boredom. B．Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas. C．But what if boredom is a meaningful experience? D．These moments are a lot more valuable than expected. E．Actually, tips on getting away from boredom are countless. F．We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices. G．When not satisfied with your state, you’re seeking and engaged. 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．G 14．F 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了无聊的好处，两项研究发现无聊可以激发创造力，并提出我们应该学会区分好的无聊和糟糕的无聊。 11．上文提到““I am dying of boredom,” complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov’s 1897 play Uncle Vanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom.(在契诃夫1897年的戏剧《万尼亚叔叔》中，年轻的妻子叶莲娜抱怨道：“我无聊得要死。”当然，如果叶莲娜在今天，我们知道她会做什么：拿出她的智能手机，找一些有趣的事情。今天摆脱无聊很容易)”指出人们讨厌无聊，总是想摆脱无聊。C项“But what if boredom is a meaningful experience?(但如果无聊是一种有意义的体验呢?)”与上文构成转折关系，引出下文两项研究的新发现：无聊可以激发创造力，同时C项中“boredom is a meaningful experience”与下文中“That”构成指代关系。故选C。 12．上文“In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result?(在第一项研究中，研究人员让受试者做一些无聊的事情，比如从电话簿中抄录数字，然后进行创造性思维的测试。结果呢?)”提到一项关于创造性思维的研究并提出问题。B项“Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas.(无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法)”回答问题给出答案，说明在这项研究中无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法，上下文语意连贯。故选B。 13．上文提到“An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state,(焦躁不安的头脑渴望刺激，因此无聊成为一种寻求的状态)”说明无聊会让人寻求新的东西。G项“When not satisfied with your state, you’re seeking and engaged.(当你不满足于你的状态时，你就会去寻找和投入)”与上文语意一致，也是中央兰开夏大学的心理学家Sandi Mann的观点，说明无聊会激发人的探索和创新精神。同时下文“kids with “nothing to do” will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever.(“无事可做”的孩子们最终会发明一些有趣的游戏来玩——用纸板箱、电灯开关等等)”对此进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G。 14．设空句和下文“This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking.(这可能会让我们暂时缓解无聊，但它会阻止我们更深层次的思考)”都是Mann的观点，根据下文中“This might relieve us temporarily(这或许会让我们暂时放松)”可知，设空句会提到一种暂时缓解无聊的方法。F项“We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices.(我们试图用移动设备打发无聊的每一刻)”中提出我们用移动设备打发无聊，与下文“This”构成指代关系，上下文语意连贯。故选F。 15．下文“The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can’t be bothered to do anything.(好的类型激励你看到它（带来的好的）结果。相反，糟糕的类型会让你感到疲惫，让你觉得自己什么都懒得做)”提到两种不同类型的无聊。A项“And there is, of course, bad boredom.(当然，也有糟糕的无聊)”引出下文对两种无聊类型的对比和讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选A。 Passage 04 （23-24高一下·河南三门峡·期末）What many of us have heard is that it takes 21 days to form a habit in our lifestyle.Unfortunately, a study revealed that the true number is around 66 days, or over 2 months. 16 Here are some key tips to help you make continuous learning a habit in your life. Start small. Make sure that you can reasonably complete the tasks that you set for yourself .They don’t have to be large tasks. It might just be to read one article per day on a particular topic or cook 3 new dishes per week. You are more likely to continue with lifelong learning if you succeed in completing your goals. 17 Change and adjust. If something that you have arranged isn't working for you, you can change it. 18 For example, if you are assigned a task that doesn't seem to be helping you achieve your goals or is too difficult for you, change the task to something that is more suitable. 19 Friends that also participate in lifelong learning can motivate you, create a strong support system and make learning more enjoyable. You can learn new skills together, play games in order to learn or begin a new project as a group. Make learning a priority (优先事项) 20 So the desire has to come from within. Once you decide you want to make constant learning a habit, it is up to you to make it a priority in your life. Set learning goals, make a plan, and take action to keep yourself moving. A．Surround yourself with other lifelong learners. B．Find jobs that encourage learning. C．This doesn't mean you should give up. D．Few external forces are going to persuade you to learn. E．You are in charge of your own learning experience. F．If you fall behind, you may lose motivation. G．So leave the TV, your phone and your dog in a separate room. 【答案】16．C 17．F 18．E 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何养成良好的习惯。 16．根据上文“Unfortunately, a study revealed that the true number is around 66 days, or over 2 months.（不幸的是，一项研究显示，真实的数字是66天左右，或2个多月。）”说明养成习惯需要时间漫长，以及空后的“Here are some key tips to help you make continuous learning a habit in your life.（这里有一些重要方法，可帮助您将持续学习变成生活中的习惯。）”，故C项“This doesn't mean you should give up.（这并不意味着你应该放弃。）”承上启下，可知，虽然习惯养成漫长，但不要放弃，符合语境。故选C。 17．根据下文“You are more likely to continue with lifelong learning if you succeed in completing your goals.（如果您成功完成自己的目标，您就更有可能继续终身学习。）”F项“If you fall behind, you may lose motivation.（如果落后，你可能会失去动力。）”符合语境，上下午文表示相反的情况。故选F。 18．根据上文“If something that you have arranged isn’t working for you, you can change it. （如果您安排的事情不适合您，您可以更改它。）”强调了你可以采取改变的措施，以及空后的“For example, if you are assigned a task that doesn't seem to be helping you achieve your goals or is too difficult for you, change the task to something that is more suitable.（例如，如果您被分配了一项任务，而它似乎没有帮助您实现目标，或者对您来说太难，请将该任务更改为更合适的任务。）”可知，你可以调整任务因为你负责自己的学习。故E项“You are in charge of your own learning experience.（你负责自己的学习经历。）”符合语境。故选E。 19．设空处是本段的主题句，根据下文“Friends that also participate in lifelong learning can motivate you, create a strong support system and make learning more enjoyable. You can learn new skills together, play games in order to learn or begin a new project as a group.（参与终身学习的朋友可以激励你，建立强大的支持系统，让学习变得更有趣。你们可以一起学习新技能，玩游戏来学习，或者作为一个团队开始一个新项目。）”可知，本段列举了多和终身学习的人在一起的好处，建议多和终身学习的人在一起，故A项“Surround yourself with other lifelong learners. （与其他终身学习者在一起。）”符合语境。故选A。 20．根据下文“So the desire has to come from within（所以愿望必须来自内心）”可知，想学习的愿望来自内心不是外力的说服，故D项“Few external forces are going to persuade you to learn.（很少有外力能够说服你学习。）”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 05 （23-24高一下重庆九龙坡期末）It’s been 50 years since the beginning of bar codes. Scanning an item at checkout is something we take for granted in this age of convenience. 21 On March 31, 1971, a historic meeting took place in New York City. The meeting agreed to create a system to uniquely identify every single product, calling it the Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) the core of bar codes, according to El Mudo, a Spanish newspaper. 22 Today, bar codes are scanned over 6 billion times every day, used by 2 million companies worldwide and remain one of the most trusted symbols in the world, PR Newswire, a US news agency, reported. 23 Where the product comes from? where it has been? its price expiration (过期时间)… you name it. Bar codes don’t only identify the category of goods but also manage the number of goods. For example, if there are 10 cartons of milk and a consumer takes one, it will be registered when it is scanned at the cash counter, so the store owner knows there are nine left. 24 The unique identification of products at a global level was the key that opened the door to retail (零售) as we know it today. In the past five decades, bar codes have provided many conveniences for commerce. “The next generation of bar codes, such as QR codes can hold vastly more information. Their use, for example, can tell consumers if a product contains allergens (过敏原) or if it is organic. 25 ” according to GS1, the organization that develops and maintains the global bar codes standard. A．Time has proved it a great decision. B．It gives consumers a greater level of trust. C．What information does a bar code contain? D．When do we scan a bar code on the product? E．We can thank the game-changing technology for that. F．The numbers can indicate where that product is identified, G．It allows the first digitization in the control of the goods for sale. 【答案】21．E 22．A 23．C 24．G 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了条形码的历史和发展，并强调了其在商业中的重要性和未来的潜力。 21．根据空前内容“It’s been 50 years since the beginning of bar codes. Scanning an item at checkout is something we take for granted in this age of convenience.(条形码的出现已经有50年了。在这个方便的时代，结账时扫描商品是我们理所当然的事情。)”可知，上文讲述了条形码的便捷；结合文章下文可知，之所以能够如此便捷这要归功于条形码的发明，因此要感谢这项科技；选项E“We can thank the game-changing technology for that.(我们要感谢改变游戏规则的技术。)”指出我们应该感谢条形码的便捷，以及给我们的生活带来的改变，符合语境。故选E。 22．根据上文“On March 31, 1971, a historic meeting took place in New York City. The meeting agreed to create a system to uniquely identify every single product, calling it the Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) the core of bar codes, according to El Mudo, a Spanish newspaper. (1971年3月31日，一场历史性的会议在纽约市举行。据西班牙报纸《El Mudo》报道，会议同意建立一个系统来唯一识别每一件商品，称之为全球贸易项目编号（GTIN）——条形码的核心。)”可知，1971年3月31日，在纽约市举行的一场历史性的会议意建立一个系统来唯一识别每一件商品，称之为全球贸易项目编号（GTIN）——条形码的核心。选项A“Time has proved it a great decision.(时间证明这是一个伟大的决定。)”是上文内容的自然延续，对上文的决定进行评价，指出这一决定非常伟大，从而引出下文“Today, bar codes are scanned over 6 billion times every day, used by 2 million companies worldwide and remain one of the most trusted symbols in the world, PR Newswire, a US news agency, reported.(如今，条形码每天被扫描超过60亿次，被全球200万家公司使用，仍然是世界上最值得信赖的标志之一。)”，即条形码的广泛使用。故选A。 23．根据下文内容“Where the product comes from? where it has been? its price expiration (过期时间)… you name it. Bar codes don’t only identify the category of goods but also manage the number of goods. (产品从哪里来？它去了哪里？它的价格到期了……你能想到的都有。条形码不仅可以识别商品的种类，还可以管理商品的数量。)”可知，下文讲述的是条形码所包含的内容。选项C“What information does a bar code contain?(条形码包含什么信息？)”引出下文内容，与下文内容一致。故选C。 24．根据空前“For example, if there are 10 cartons of milk and a consumer takes one, it will be registered when it is scanned at the cash counter, so the store owner knows there are nine left.(例如，如果有10盒牛奶，消费者拿了一盒，在收银台扫描时就会进行登记，这样店主就知道还剩下9盒。)”可知，条形码可以帮助店主了解商品的存货。选项G“It allows the first digitization in the control of the goods for sale.(它允许在销售商品的控制方面实现第一次数字化。)”延续上文内容，指出条形码可以帮助店主了解商品的存货，从而达到对商品的控制。故选G。 25．根据上文“The next generation of bar codes, such as QR codes can hold vastly more information. Their use, for example, can tell consumers if a product contains allergens (过敏原) or if it is organic. (下一代条形码，如QR码，可以容纳更多的信息。例如，它们的使用可以告诉消费者产品是否含有过敏原，或者它是否是有机产品。)”可知，下一代条形码如QR码，可以容纳更多的信息，如产品是否含有过敏原，以及产品是否是有机产品等等。选项B“It gives consumers a greater level of trust.(它给了消费者更高程度的信任。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指出QR码由于包含更多的信息，也给了消费者更高程度的信任，选项中的代词It指代上文所阐述的内容。故选B。 完形填空6篇-精选重难题 Cloze 01 （23-24高一下·湖南永州·期末）When I decided to be a part of the smile card experiment, the first person that came to mind was Lara. I couldn’t think of the 1 thing for her yet, except that it was her 2 two weeks ago. The next day, at a local bakery, 3 struck when I saw the 4 baked honey bread. I picked up a loaf (条) and 5 to the lab. Unfortunately or fortunately, Lara wasn’t in her office, so I put a note on the loaf 6 : Lara, Happy Belated (迟来的) Birthday! Hope you would enjoy it! An hour later, she 7 and found the note. After reading it, she immediately looked at me, “Did you leave this?” I tried my best to 8 the truth and shook my head. While my 9 may give me away, she believed me and turned to compare 10 from other members in the 11 . Thank goodness, she didn’t 12 mine! After all efforts were in vain, she came back to me again, “You left this, didn’t you?” This time it was even harder to disguise (掩饰) myself, and a smile 13 on my face again. I said no and told her to accept it as an 14 of kindness. She tried some warm bread and completely enjoyed it. A few minutes later, she sent an email to express her 15 thanks to all of us. Giving her the present anonymously (匿名) made my smile card experiment even better. 1．A．expensive B．affordable C．perfect D．traditional 2．A．anniversary B．wedding C．graduation D．birthday 3．A．information B．inspiration C．advice D．enthusiasm 4．A．freshly B．occasionally C．patiently D．previously 5．A．jumped B．headed C．escaped D．travelled 6．A．reading B．speaking C．writing D．stating 7．A．came across B．came out C．came down D．came by 8．A．mask B．reveal C．seek D．unearth 9．A．voice B．note C．smile D．explanation 10．A．recordings B．comments C．handwritings D．data 11．A．lab B．company C．committee D．branch 12．A．copy B．check C．ignore D．explain 13．A．froze B．disappeared C．spread D．survived 14．A．activity B．access C．appreciation D．act 15．A．further B．sincere C．unwilling D．reasonable 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与“微笑卡片”实验，决定给同事Lara一个迟到的生日礼物——一条蜂蜜面包，并附上一张祝福卡片。作者试图隐瞒自己的身份，但最终被Lara识破。Lara品尝了面包后非常感激，并向所有人表达了感谢。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两周前是她的生日，我想不出最适合她的礼物。A. expensive昂贵的；B. affordable负担得起的；C. perfect完美的；D. traditional传统的。根据下文“for her”和“so I put a note on the loaf 6 : Lara, Happy Belated (迟来的) Birthday! Hope you would enjoy it!”可知，两周前是Lara的生日，作者在想给她送什么礼物才完美。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. anniversary周年纪念日；B. wedding婚礼；C. graduation毕业；D. birthday生日。根据第二段中“Lara, Happy Belated (迟来的) Birthday”可知，两周前是Lara的生日。故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，在当地的一家面包店，当我看到新烤的蜂蜜面包时，我灵机一动。A. information信息；B. inspiration灵感，妙计；C. advice建议；D. enthusiasm热情。根据下文“when I saw the 4 baked honey bread”和“I picked up a loaf (条) and 5 to the lab.”可知，作者看到蜂蜜面包时突然有了灵感，有了妙计。故选B项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. freshly刚刚，新近；B. occasionally偶尔；C. patiently耐心地；D. previously以前。根据上文“at a local bakery”可知，作者看到面包店里新烤出来的面包。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿起一条面包前往实验室。A. jumped跳跃；B. headed前往；C. escaped逃跑；D. travelled旅行。根据下文“Unfortunately or fortunately, Lara wasn’t in her office”可知，作者拿起面包后前往实验室去找Lara。故选B项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知是幸运还是不幸，劳拉不在她的办公室，所以我在面包上贴了一张纸条，上面写着：劳拉，迟到的生日快乐!希望你会喜欢!。A. reading写着；B. speaking说话；C. writing书写，写作；D. stating陈述。根据上文“a note”和下文“Lara, Happy Belated (迟来的) Birthday! Hope you would enjoy it!”可知，作者在纸条上写下几句话；read表示“物体上写着、印着或显示着文字、数字等信息”，而write表示“用笔或其他书写工具记录文字或符号的行为”。故选A项。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个小时后，她走过来发现了那张纸条。A. came across偶然遇到；B. came out出来，出版；C. came down下来，降落；D. came by从旁走过。根据“found the note”可知，Lara走过来发现了纸条。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽力掩饰真相，摇了摇头。A. mask掩饰，戴面具；B. reveal揭示；C. seek寻找；D. unearth发掘。根据下文“shook my head”可知，作者摇头是为了掩饰真相，不想让Lara知道是自己送的面包。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的微笑可能会让我露出马脚，但她还是相信了我。A. voice声音；B. note便条；C. smile微笑；D. explanation解释。根据下文“This time it was even harder to disguise (掩饰) myself, and a smile 13 on my face again.”可知，摇头的时候作者在微笑。故选C项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她转而比较实验室其他成员的笔迹。A. recordings录音；B. comments评论；C. handwritings笔迹；D. data数据。根据上文“so I put a note on the loaf 6 : Lara, Happy Belated (迟来的) Birthday! Hope you would enjoy it!”可知，作者留下纸条并写下祝福语，结合句中“compare”可推知，Lara在对比纸条上留言的笔迹，以确认是谁送的面包。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lab实验室；B. company公司；C. committee委员会；D. branch树枝，分支机构。根据上文“I picked up a loaf (条) and 5 to the lab.”可知，他们在实验室。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，她没有检查我的！A. copy复制；B. check检查；C. ignore忽视；D. explain解释。根据上文“compare 10 from other members”和下文“After all efforts were in vain, she came back to me again”可推知，Lara之前相信了作者的话，并没有检查作者的笔迹。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次更难掩饰自己，我的脸上又露出了笑容。A. froze冻结；B. disappeared消失；C. spread传播，（脸上）露出；D. survived幸存。根据“smile”可知，作者脸上露出了笑容。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我说没有，并告诉她接受它作为一种善意的行为。A. activity活动；B. access通道，进入；C. appreciation感激，欣赏；D. act行为。根据上文可知，作者匿名给Lara送礼物，她希望Lara接受这种善意的行为。故选D项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，她发了一封电子邮件，向我们所有人表达她真诚的感谢。A. further更远的，深一层的；B. sincere真诚的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. reasonable合理的。根据上文“She tried some warm bread and completely enjoyed it.”可知，Lara接受了匿名礼物，所以她会真诚地感谢大家。故选B项。 Cloze 02 （23-24高一下·上海宝山·期末）Perhaps no issue attracts more senior leadership attention than growth does, and for good reason. 16 in gains and profits is the standard by which we tend to measure the competitive fitness and health of companies. Analysts, investors, and boards are especially concerned about growth 17 to get insight into stock prices. 18 are attracted to faster-growing companies because they offer better opportunities for advancement and higher pay. Suppliers prefer faster-growing customers because working with them improves their own growth prospects. While sustained profitable growth is a nearly universal goal, it is a(n) 19 one for many companies. Many researches conducted on the long-term patterms of growth in U.S.corporations suggest that when inflation is 20 , most companies barely grow. 21 in an analysis of 10,897 publicly held U.S.companies from 1976 to 2019, researchers found that firms in the top quartile grew at an inflation-adjusted average of 11.8% per year, but those in the lower three quartiles experienced little or no growth (0.3%, 0.03%, and 0.5%, respectively). And the majority of firms in the top quartile were unable to 22 superior growth performance for more than a few years. Over the past two decades, I have tried to understand why some companies are effective at sustaining growth. I have found that while the usual explanations, such as market forces and technological changes do play a role, many companies’ growth problems are done by themselves. 23 , firms approach growth in a highly reactive, opportunistic manner. When market demand is booming, they throw resources at developing new capacity, and build out organizational infrastructure without thinking through the 24 — for example, whether their operating systems and processes can scale, how rapid growth might affect corporate culture and what would happen if demand slows. In the process of chasing growth, companies can easily destroy the things that made them 25 in the first place, such as their capacity for innovation, their great customer service, or their unique cultures. 16．A．Attention B．Leadership C．Growth D．Insight 17．A．requirements B．prospects C．struggles D．developments 18．A．Bosses B．Investors C．Employees D．Producers 19．A．difficult B．achievable C．inevitable D．easy 20．A．based on B．tracked down C．equipped with D．taken into account 21．A．For instance B．On the contrary C．As a result D．What’s more 22．A．improve B．sustain C．recognize D．decline 23．A．Respectively B．Ultimately C．Specifically D．Reasonably 24．A．benefits B．opportunities C．technologies D．implications 25．A．typical B．technical C．happy D．successful 【答案】 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经济增长对企业的优势，并分析了一些公司存在增长问题的原因。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：收益和利润的增长是我们衡量公司竞争力的标准。A. Attention注意；B. Leadership领导力；C. Growth增长；D. Insight洞察力。根据前文“Perhaps no issue attracts more senior leadership attention than growth does”及后文“in gains and profits”可知，收益和利润的增长是衡量公司竞争力的标准。故选C项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：分析师、投资者和董事会尤其关注增长前景，以了解股价。A. requirements要求；B. prospects前景；C. struggles奋斗；D. developments发展。根据前文“Analysts，investors，and boards”及后文“to get insight into stock prices”可知，分析师、投资者和董事会需要了解增长前景如何，才能预测股价。故选B项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：员工被快速发展的公司所吸引，因为他们提供更好的晋升机会和更高的薪水。A. Bosses老板；B. Investors投资者；C. Employees员工；D. Producers生产者。根据后文“because they offer better opportunities for advancement and higher pay”可知，更好的晋升机会和更高的薪水可以吸引就业者。故选C项。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然持续的盈利增长几乎是一个普遍的目标，但对许多公司来说，这是一个困难的目标。A. difficult困难的；B. achievable可实现的；C. inevitable不可避免的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“While sustained profitable growth is a nearly universal goal”及后文“most companies barely grow.”可知，前后构成转折，虽然这是普遍的目标，但对许多公司来说，这也是一个困难的目标。故选A项。 20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多关于美国公司长期增长模式的研究表明，如果考虑到通货膨胀，大多数公司几乎没有增长。A. based on以……为基础；B. tracked down追踪；C. equipped with有……的配置；D. taken into account被考虑在内。根据前文“inflation”及后文“most companies barely grow.”可知，将通货膨胀考虑在内的话，大多数公司几乎没有增长。故选D项。 21．考查短语辨析。句意：例如，在对1976年至2019年10897家美国上市公司的分析中，研究人员发现，排名前四分之一的公司经通胀调整后的年平均增长率为11.8%，但排名后四分之三的公司几乎没有增长(分别为0.3%、0.03%和0.5%)。A. For instance例如；B. On the contrary相反；C. As a result作为结果；D. What’s more更重要的是。根据前文“most companies barely grow.”及后文“but those in the lower three quartiles experienced little or no growth”可知，此处举例证明了在通货膨胀的影响下，大多数公司几乎没有增长的事实。故选A项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：排名前四分之一的大多数公司都无法在数年内保持优异的增长表现。A. improve提高；B. sustain保持；C. recognize认出；D. decline下降。根据前文“firms in the top quartile grew at an inflation-adjusted average of 11.8%per year”及后文“superior growth performance for more than a few years”可知，虽然一开始排名前四分之一的公司经通胀调整后的年平均增长率较高，但这种优异的增长表现无法一直保持。故选B项。 23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：具体来说，公司以一种高度反应性、机会主义的方式接近增长。A. Respectively分别地；B. Ultimately最终地；C. Specifically具体地，确切地说；D. Reasonably通情达理地。根据前文“many companies’ growth problems are done by themselves”及后文“firms approach growth in a highly reactive,opportunistic manner.”可知，作者认为一些公司的增长问题主要是自身的原因造成的，后文对此进行了具体的说明。故选C项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当市场需求激增时，他们把资源投入到开发新能力上，并在不考虑其影响的情况下建立组织基础设施——例如，他们的操作系统和流程是否可以扩展，快速增长可能对企业文化产生何种影响，以及如果需求放缓会发生什么。A. benefits好处；B. opportunities机会；C. technologies科技；D. implications可能的影响。根据后文“whether their operating systems and processes can scale,how rapid growth might affect corporate culture and what would happen if demand slows.”可知，这些都是公司在建立组织基础设施时，没有考虑到的问题，他们盲目而迅速地做出决策，没有考虑这些决策可能的影响。故选D项。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在追求增长的过程中，公司很容易毁掉最初让他们成功的东西，比如创新能力、出色的客户服务或独特的文化。A. typical典型的；B. technical技术的；C. happy开心的；D. successful成功的。根据后文“such as their capacity for innovation, their great customer service, or their unique cultures.”可知，创新能力、出色的客户服务或独特的文化都是可以让一家公司成功的因素。故选D项。 Cloze 03 （22-23高一下·广东广州·期末）Shaine Kilyun was scrolling through videos on her phone one night in December 2020. Suddenly she 26 a video of dogs in wheelchairs. “That’s it!” she thought. Shaine had always loved animals and visited local veterinary (兽医的) clinics often. She was a 27 there. But Shaine cried when she learned older and disabled animals are often killed painlessly because they can’t walk and require extra 28 . Now, as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily and 29 , her heart was filled with 30 . “I can make wheelchairs for disabled animals!” she decided. As Shaine 31 on countless videos showing ways to make tiny mobility “wheelies” for animals, her 32 grew. The next day, Shaine headed to the hardware store and 33 some PVC pipes, foam and wheels and began 34 with designs. She tested out the carts on her own dog and cats. 35 she found a model that worked, she reached out to veterinarians she knew. Seeing Cypress, a disabled 7-month-old puppy, take off in her wheelie, Shaine became even more 36 to her project. She posted pictures of her carts on the Internet, and soon 37 started coming in. Shaine asks for a few 38 of the animals and then custom-makes each wheelchair for the furry friends. She accepts just enough money to 39 costs. “I’m so pleased that I am able to fill a need,” says the 40 girl, “Helping disabled pets means the world to me!” 26．A．subscribed to B．came across C．checked out D．reflected on 27．A．teacher B．guest C．volunteer D．doctor 28．A．care B．duty C．recognition D．courage 29．A．cautiously B．worriedly C．healthily D．freely 30．A．sympathy B．curiosity C．hope D．doubt 31．A．carried B．clicked C．counted D．rested 32．A．excitement B．pride C．relief D．astonishment 33．A．produced B．gathered C．arranged D．bought 34．A．comparing B．dealing C．consulting D．experimenting 35．A．Before B．Once C．Unless D．Though 36．A．accustomed B．limited C．committed D．submitted 37．A．investments B．profits C．orders D．advertisements 38．A．measurements B．comments C．expectations D．behaviors 39．A．estimate B．reduce C．spread D．cover 40．A．sensitive B．considerate C．ambitious D．patient 【答案】 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．D 35．B 36．C 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了志愿者 Shaine 为残疾动物制作轮椅的故事。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然她看到了一个关于坐轮椅的狗的视频。A. subscribed to订阅，同意；B. came across偶然遇到，偶然发现；C. checked out检查，结账离开；D. reflected on反思，反省。根据前文“Shaine Kilyun was scrolling through videos on her phone one night in December 2020.”以及“Suddenly”可知，Shaine是在浏览视频时偶然看到了这段视频。故选B。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是那里的一名志愿者。A. teacher老师；B. guest客人；C. volunteer志愿者；D. doctor医生。根据后文“Now, as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily”可知，Shaine是兽医诊所的一名志愿者。故选C。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当 Shaine得知年老和残疾的动物常常因为不能走路且需要额外的照顾而被无痛安乐死时，她哭了。A. care照顾；B. duty责任；C. recognition认可，识别；D. courage勇气。根据上文“But Shaine cried when she learned older and disabled animals are often killed painlessly because they can’t walk”可知，因为动物不能走路，所以需要额外的照顾。故选A。 29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，当这位年轻的志愿者看到视频中残疾的狗在小小的轮椅上快乐而自由地四处走动时，她的心里充满了希望。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. worriedly担心地；C. healthily健康地；D. freely自由地。根据上文“moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily”可知，残疾狗在轮椅上能够自由地移动。故选D。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当这位年轻的志愿者看到视频中残疾的狗在小小的轮椅上快乐而自由地四处走动时，她的心里充满了希望。A. sympathy同情；B. curiosity好奇；C. hope希望；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“Now, as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily and ____4____”可知，看到残疾狗在轮椅上自由移动，Shaine心中充满了“希望”，想要为它们做些什么。故选C。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Shaine点击无数展示为动物制作小型移动“轮椅”方法的视频时，她变得更加兴奋。A. carried携带；B. clicked点击；C. counted数数；D. rested休息。根据空后“on countless videos”可知，因为是在手机上浏览视频，所以是点击视频。故选B。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Shaine点击无数展示为动物制作小型移动 “轮椅” 方法的视频时，她变得更加兴奋。A. excitement兴奋；B. pride骄傲；C. relief宽慰；D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文“As Shaine ____6____ on countless videos showing ways to make tiny mobility “wheelies” for animals”可知，Shaine有了为残疾动物制作轮椅的想法以及点击视频学习制作方法，推测她此时是兴奋的。故选A。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Shaine前往五金店，买了一些PVC管、泡沫和轮子，然后开始尝试不同的设计。A. produced生产；B. gathered聚集；C. arranged安排；D. bought买。根据上文“headed to the hardware store”可知，Shaine是去五金店买材料。故选D。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Shaine前往五金店，买了一些PVC管、泡沫和轮子，然后开始尝试不同的设计。A. comparing比较；B. dealing处理；C. consulting咨询；D. experimenting试验，尝试。根据下文“She tested out the carts on her own dog and cats.”可知，Shaine买了材料后开始尝试不同设计。故选D。 35．考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦她找到了一个可行的模型，她就联系了她认识的兽医。A. Before在……之前；B. Once一旦；C. Unless除非；D. Though尽管。根据下文“she found a model that worked, she reached out to veterinarians she knew”可知，此处表示一旦找到可行的模型就联系兽医，用once引导条件状语从句。故选B。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到7个月大的残疾小狗Cypress坐着轮椅跑起来，Shaine对她的项目更加投入了。A. accustomed习惯的；B. limited有限的；C. committed坚定的，投入的；D. submitted屈服的。根据上文“Seeing Cypress, a disabled 7-month-old puppy, take off in her wheelie,”可知，看到小狗用轮椅跑起来，Shaine对项目更加投入了。be committed to 表示“致力于，投入”。故选C。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在网上发布了她制作的轮椅的照片，很快订单就来了。A. investments投资；B. profits利润；C. orders订单；D. advertisements广告。根据上文“She posted pictures of her carts on the Internet”以及后文她为动物定制轮椅可知，Shaine把照片发到网上后，收到了订单。故选C。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Shaine会要一些动物的尺寸，然后为这些毛茸茸的朋友们定制每一个轮椅。A. measurements尺寸；B. comments评论；C. expectations期望；D. behaviors行为。根据下文“then custom-makes each wheelchair for the furry friends”可知，因为要定制轮椅，所以需要动物的尺寸。故选A。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她收取的钱刚好够支付成本。A. estimate估计；B. reduce减少；C. spread传播；D. cover覆盖，支付。根据空前“She accepts just enough money”可知，Shaine只接受足够的钱来支付成本。故选D。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我很高兴我能够满足一种需求，”这位体贴的女孩说，“帮助残疾宠物对我来说意义重大！”A. sensitive敏感的；B. considerate体贴的；C. ambitious有野心的；D. patient耐心的。根据下文“Helping disabled pets means the world to me!”以及前文语境可知，Shaine为残疾动物制作轮椅，满足它们的需求，说明她是体贴的。故选B。 Cloze 04 （23-24高二下·江苏淮安·期中）Last Sunday, Jake Snelling and his friends went up to the mountains to do some exploring. Feeling quite proud of their achievement, they decided to 41 themselves. They went to a local restaurant and 42 some dishes. The food was delicious, and everything seemed perfect until 43 struck. Jake failed to chew his food properly, and something just got 44 —he couldn’t breathe at all. Unaware that something was 45 , his friends continued to chat and laugh while Jake struggled to 46 . When they noticed his 47 behavior, they thought he had indigestion (消化不良). They attempted to help by patting (拍打) his back but it wasn’t 48 . At that time, waiter Sheakh Nazmul Hasan Rifat spotted the group and sprang into action to 49 Jake. Rifat performed the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) to free the food he was choking on. Rifat was 50 and focused on the task at hand. And then, Jake’s airway cleared and he started to breathe. The whole restaurant gave Rifat a big 51 . Jake hugged Rifat and 52 him. Rifat said his father had done the same thing with him when he was a child, so he 53 knew what to do. Despite the event, Jake was not put off the rest of his 54 . He went back for a bit more of it. He also left a 55 , although Rifat was unwilling to accept it. 41．A．treat B．trust C．test D．teach 42．A．made B．broke C．washed D．ordered 43．A．reality B．disaster C．challenge D．failure 44．A．stuck B．lost C．missed D．changed 45．A．crazy B．stolen C．wrong D．damaged 46．A．explain B．escape C．balance D．breathe 47．A．childish B．unusual C．dangerous D．unacceptable 48．A．hurting B．working C．burning D．moving 49．A．guide B．comfort C．save D．protect 50．A．calm B．curious C．confused D．careless 51．A．hug B．cake C．welcome D．clap 52．A．paid B．helped C．encouraged D．thanked 53．A．immediately B．suddenly C．eventually D．hardly 54．A．task B．action C．meal D．trip 55．A．gap B．tip C．message D．mark 【答案】 41．A 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．C 46．D 47．B 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．D 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jake Snelling和他的朋友们在完成一次探险后庆祝时发生的一次意外，以及一位餐厅服务员如何使用海姆立克急救法救了他的故事。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对自己的成就感到非常自豪，他们决定犒劳一下自己。A. treat款待；B. trust信任；C. test测试；D. teach教。根据后文“They went to a local restaurant”可知，他们去了一家当地餐馆点了一些菜，这是为了犒劳自己，故选A。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们去了一家当地餐馆点了一些菜。A. made制作；B. broke打破；C. washed洗；D. ordered点菜。根据后文“The food was delicious”可知，他们在餐馆里点了菜，故选D。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：食物很美味，一切似乎都很完美，直到灾难降临。A. reality现实；B. disaster灾难；C. challenge挑战；D. failure失败。根据后文“Jake failed to chew his food properly, and something just got… — he couldn’t breathe at all.”可知，Jake咀嚼食物不当，导致食物卡在喉咙里，无法呼吸，这是一次灾难，故选B。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jake咀嚼食物不当，导致食物卡在喉咙里，无法呼吸。A. stuck卡住；B. lost丢失；C. missed错过；D. changed改变。根据后文“he couldn’t breathe at all”可知，食物卡在喉咙里，导致他无法呼吸，故选A。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的朋友们没有意识到出了问题，继续聊天和笑，而Jake挣扎着呼吸。A. crazy疯狂的；B. stolen被盗的；C. wrong错误的；D. damaged损坏的。根据前文“Jake failed to chew his food properly, and something just got stuck — he couldn’t breathe at all.”以及下文“his friends continued to chat and laugh”可知，Jake咀嚼食物不当，导致食物卡在喉咙里，无法呼吸，这是一个问题，但他的朋友们没有意识到，故选C。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的朋友们没有意识到出了问题，继续聊天和笑，而Jake挣扎着呼吸。A. explain解释；B. escape逃跑；C. balance平衡；D. breathe呼吸。根据前文“he couldn’t breathe at all”可知，Jake无法呼吸，故选D。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们注意到他的不寻常行为时，他们认为他消化不良。A. childish幼稚的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. dangerous危险的；D. unacceptable不可接受的。根据前文“he couldn’t breathe at all”以及“Jake struggled to”可知，这种行为是不寻常的，故选B。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过拍打他的背来帮助他，但并没有起作用。A. hurting伤害；B. working起作用；C. burning燃烧；D. moving移动。根据后文“Rifat performed the Heimlich maneuver to free the food he was choking on.”可知，Rifat采取了海姆立克急救法来解救Jake，说明之前拍打他的背并没有起作用，故选B。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，服务员Sheakh Nazmul Hasan Rifat发现了这群人，并迅速行动来拯救Jake。A. guide指导；B. comfort安慰；C. save拯救；D. protect保护。根据后文“Rifat performed the Heimlich maneuver to free the food he was choking on.”可知，Rifat采取了海姆立克急救法来解救Jake，这是为了拯救他，故选C。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rifat保持冷静，专注于手头的工作。A. calm冷静的；B. curious好奇的；C. confused困惑的；D. careless粗心的。根据后文“focused on the task at hand”可知，Rifat专注于手头的工作，这说明他保持冷静，故选A。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个餐厅都为Rifat热烈鼓掌。A. hug拥抱；B. cake蛋糕；C. welcome欢迎；D. clap鼓掌。根据前文“And then, Jake’s airway cleared and he started to breathe.”可知，Rifat成功地救下了Jake，整个餐厅的人应该为他鼓掌，故选D。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jake拥抱了Rifat并向他道谢。A. paid支付；B. helped帮助；C. encouraged鼓励；D. thanked感谢。根据前文“Jake hugged Rifat”可知，Jake拥抱了Rifat，这是为了感谢他的救命之恩，故选D。 53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Rifat说，他的父亲在他小时候也做过同样的事情，所以他立刻知道该怎么做。A. immediately立刻；B. suddenly突然；C. eventually最终；D. hardly几乎不。根据前文“Rifat said his father had done the same thing with him when he was a child”可知，Rifat的父亲在他小时候也做过同样的事情，所以Rifat立刻知道该怎么做，故选A。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管发生了这件事，Jake并没有推迟吃剩下的饭菜。A. task任务；B. action行动；C. meal餐；D. trip旅行。根据后文“He went back for a bit more of it.”可知，Jake被救以后，没有延迟吃饭，故选C。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也留下了一笔小费，尽管Rifat不愿意接受。A. gap差距；B. tip小费；C. message信息；D. mark标记。根据后文“although Rifat was unwilling to accept it”可知，Rifat不愿意接受，这说明Jake留下的是一笔小费，故选B。 Cloze 05 （23-24高一下·重庆·期末）I sat at the table with my little son. Matthew, trying to ignore the ache in my stomach. “Mama, want to play?” “Not today, baby.” I 56 my head. I was still recovering from an operation. I hoped for 57 and happiness, but the future seemed so hopeless. Suddenly, Matthew shouted “Bird!”, rushing to our courtyard. There was a white dove 58 in a rubber tree. It sat there for a few 59 , and then flew away. When I 60 myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. Thus time it was with a mate carrying 61 . “Look, Matthew,” I said, pointing to the tree. “They’re going to make a nest.” The doves flew in and out of the 62 all week, building on top of the rubber tree. Matthew could hardly 63 his excitement. Every morning, he’d run into the kitchen, talking to the birds. His happiness was 64 . Aching as I was, I couldn’t help but feel cheerful. Then it all went 65 . One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground. I heard the twigs (细枝) 66 . Nothing good ever lasted. I wouldn’t 67 the doves if they never came back. But they returned. They started again from the beginning, as if nothing had happened. Watching the doves 68 carry sticks and arrange them attentively, I couldn’t help but see a 69 of my own journey. Just as they persevered in the face of obstacles, I too found the strength to 70 my own life. 56．A．adjusted B．nodded C．shook D．lifted 57．A．gratitude B．strength C．forgiveness D．promotion 58．A．seated B．stuck C．singing D．sleeping 59．A．minutes B．days C．months D．years 60．A．adapted B．removed C．updated D．dragged 61．A．babies B．sticks C．awards D．aims 62．A．kitchen B．nest C．courtyard D．town 63．A．gather B．reserve C．establish D．contain 64．A．average B．effective C．influential D．fascinating 65．A．wrong B．flat C．blind D．fine 66．A．go off B．set off C．break out D．break apart 67．A．respect B．blame C．protest D．investigate 68．A．sadly B．harmoniously C．tirelessly D．illegally 69．A．threat B．reflection C．benefit D．philosophy 70．A．rebuild B．ensure C．greet D．satisfy 【答案】 56．C 57．B 58．A 59．A 60．D 61．B 62．C 63．D 64．C 65．A 66．D 67．B 68．C 69．B 70．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者术后恢复期间感到绝望，但儿子对筑巢鸽子的兴趣让她重新找到快乐。鸽子巢被风吹落后，它们重新开始筑巢，激励作者面对困难也要坚持生活。 56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“妈妈，想玩吗？”“今天不玩，宝贝。”我摇了摇头。我还在从手术中恢复。A. adjusted调整；B. nodded点头；C. shook摇晃；D. lifted举起。根据上文“Not today，baby.”可知，作者今天不想玩，所以摇了摇头。故选C项。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我渴望力量和快乐，但未来似乎如此无望。A. gratitude感激；B. strength力量；C. forgiveness宽恕；D. promotion提升。根据上文“I was still recovering from an operation.”和“and happiness”可知，正在术后恢复中的作者渴望力量和快乐。故选B项。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：院子里的一棵橡胶树上停着一只白鸽。A. seated坐，就座；B. stuck卡住；C. singing唱歌；D. sleeping睡觉。根据后文“It sat there for a few 4”可知，白鸽是坐（停）在橡胶树上的。故选A项。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它在那里坐了几分钟，然后就飞走了。A. minutes分钟；B. days天；C. months月；D. years年。结合常识和后文“and then flew away”可推知，白鸽只停了几分钟就飞走了。故选A项。 60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，当我拖着自己去厨房时，鸽子回来了。A. adapted适应；B. removed移除；C. updated更新；D. dragged拖着，缓慢而费力地移动（或行进）。根据上文“I was still recovering from an operation”可知，作者还在从手术中恢复，所以她是缓慢而费力地去厨房，显得很艰难。故选D项。 61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次它和一只嘴里叼着树枝的伴侣一起回来了。A. babies婴儿；B. sticks树枝；C. awards奖品；D. aims目标。根据后文“They’re going to make a nest.”和“The doves flew in and out of the 7 all week, building on top of the rubber tree”可知，鸽子嘴里叼着的是树枝，用来筑巢。故选B项。 62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸽子们一整周都在院子里飞来飞去，在橡胶树顶筑巢。A. kitchen厨房；B. nest巢穴；C. courtyard院子；D. town城镇。根据上文“Matthew shouted ‘Bird!’, rushing to our courtyard”可知，鸽子是在院子里筑巢的。故选C项。 63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Matthew抑制不住他的兴奋。A. gather聚集；B. reserve储备；C. establish建立；D. contain抑制。根据后文“Every morning, he’d run into the kitchen, talking to the birds”可知，Matthew每天早上都兴奋地跑进厨房，和鸽子说话，所以他抑制不住自己的兴奋。故选D项。 64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的快乐是有感染力的。A. average平均的；B. effective有效的；C. influential有感染力的；D. fascinating迷人的。根据后文“Aching as I was, I couldn’t help but feel cheerful”可知，尽管作者身体疼痛，但还是忍不住感到快乐，说明Matthew的快乐是有感染力的。故选C项。 65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后一切都出了问题。A. wrong有问题的；B. flat平坦的；C. blind瞎的；D. fine好的。根据后文“One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground”可知，鸽子的巢穴被风吹到了地上，所以一切都出了问题。go wrong“出问题”符合语境。故选A项。 66．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我听到树枝断裂的声音。A. go off爆炸；B. set off出发；C. break out爆发；D. break apart断裂。根据上文“One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground”可知，作者听到树枝断裂的声音。故选D项。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果鸽子们再也不回来了，我不会责怪它们的。A. respect尊重；B. blame责备；C. protest抗议；D. investigate调查。根据上文“Nothing good ever lasted”可知，如果鸽子们再也不回来了，作者也不会责怪它们，因为美好的事物总是短暂的。故选B项。 68．考查副词词义辨析。句意：看着鸽子们不知疲倦地叼着树枝，专心地摆放，我不禁看到了我自己人生旅程的写照。A. sadly悲伤地；B. harmoniously和谐地；C. tirelessly不知疲倦地；D. illegally非法地。根据后文“carry sticks and arrange them attentively”可知，鸽子们不知疲倦地叼着树枝，专心地摆放。故选C项。 69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着鸽子们不知疲倦地叼着树枝，专心地摆放，我不禁看到了我自己人生旅程的写照。A. threat威胁；B. reflection写照；C. benefit益处；D. philosophy哲学。根据后文“Just as they persevered in the face of obstacles, I too found the strength to 15 my own life”可知，作者看到了自己人生旅程的写照。故选B项。 70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像它们在面对障碍时坚持不懈一样，我也找到了重建自己生活的力量。A. rebuild重建；B. ensure确保；C. greet问候；D. satisfy满足。根据上文“But they returned. They started again from the beginning, as if nothing had happened.”和“I too found the strength”可推知，受鸽子的启示，作者也找到了重建自己生活的力量。故选A项。 Cloze 06 （23-24高一下·安徽蚌埠·期末）I was going through the strongest rainstorm in my area. When I reached the traffic light, my engine stated to sputter (发劈啪声) and 71 . I tried to start it a few times, but it was 72 . Because other cars were diving behind, I knew I was 73 the road then. When I didn’t know what to do, there was a 74 on the window. A man standing in the pouring rain said, “Hey, do you need help?” I replied I did 75 . The man continued, “I’ve got a repair shop uphill. We can 76 your car up there.” Then the man and his coworkers forced my car up to a steep hill. Upon 77 , I got out of the car and the man said, “I know your car model. The place where the engine gets its air is very low. With that much water on the road, it likely 78 some water. If you were lucky, only your plugs (插头) got wet and can’t produce sparks (火花). In that case, we had less 79 .” After checking my car, the man said, “Good news. There is nothing 80 with your engine. Your plugs have been all 81 off. You can go now.” Then he tried to let me get my car out. I stared at him in 82 and said, “Wait. I need to know how much to 83 you.” “Oh, we hardly fixed the car. So we did this for free.” I put $20 in his hand forcefully. I know their 84 was more than that because kindness is priceless. Eventually, my car was running smoothly again and I was 85 on the way home. 71．A．started B．stopped C．raced D．dropped 72．A．useless B．impractical C．meaningless D．unnatural 73．A．keeping B．crossing C．blocking D．hitting 74．A．voice B．letter C．sight D．knock 75．A．frankly B．confidently C．excitedly D．generously 76．A．wash B．follow C．push D．drive 77．A．driving B．arrival C．leaving D．survival 78．A．took in B．swept away C．poured out D．cut off 79．A．stress B．luck C．concern D．trouble 80．A．mysterious B．abnormal C．unhealthy D．different 81．A．called B．shown C．put D．dried 82．A．fear B．anger C．confusion D．disappointment 83．A．pay B．treat C．respect D．please 84．A．ambition B．worth C．regret D．challenge 85．A．proud B．curious C．grateful D．awkward 【答案】 71．B 72．A 73．C 74．D 75．A 76．C 77．B 78．A 79．D 80．B 81．D 82．C 83．A 84．B 85．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在暴雨中，作者的车因引擎问题在红绿灯处熄火，作者陷入困境。一位修理店老板和他的同事帮助将车推上山坡并检查，发现只是插头潮湿导致无法启动，修理后车辆恢复正常。老板拒绝收费，但作者感激地给了20美元，认为善良无价。最终，作者顺利回家，心怀感激。 71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达红绿灯时，我的引擎发出噼啪声，然后停了下来。A. started开始；B. stopped停止；C. raced比赛；D. dropped掉落。根据下文“I tried to start it a few times”可知，作者试着启动引擎几次，因此引擎是停了下来。故选B。 72．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我试着启动它几次，但没有用。A. useless无用的；B. impractical不切实际的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. unnatural不自然的。根据上文“I tried to start it a few times”和表示转折的“but”可推知，作者试着启动引擎几次，但没有用。故选A。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为其他的车在后面俯冲，我知道我挡住了路。A. keeping保持；B. crossing穿过；C. blocking阻挡；D. hitting打击。根据上文“Because other cars were diving behind”可知，其他的车在后面俯冲，因此作者的车是挡住了路。故选C。 74．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我不知道该怎么办时，有人敲窗户。A. voice声音；B. letter信件；C. sight视觉；D. knock敲击。根据下文“A man standing in the pouring rain said”可推知，这个站在倾盆大雨中说话的人是敲了作者车的窗户。故选D。 75．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我坦率地回答说我需要。A. frankly坦率地；B. confidently自信地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. generously慷慨地。根据作者的车此时引擎无法工作的情境，以及上文“I replied I did”可推知，面对这个人提出要帮助自己时，作者会坦率地回答说自己需要帮助。故选A。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以把你的车推过去。A. wash洗；B. follow跟随；C. push推；D. drive驾驶。根据下文“Then the man and his coworkers forced my car up to a steep hill.”可知，这个人是提出可以把作者的车推上去。故选C。 77．考查名词和动名词词义辨析。句意：到达后，我下了车，那人说：“我知道你的汽车型号。发动机进气的地方很低。路上有那么多水，它可能会吸收一些水。如果你幸运的话，只有你的插头湿了，不能产生火花。在这种情况下，我们的麻烦就少了。”A. driving驾驶；B. arrival到达；C. leaving离开；D. survival生存。根据上文“I’ve got a repair shop uphill.”可推知，此处指作者的车到达山上的这家修理店。故选B。 78．考查动词短语辨析。句意：到达后，我下了车，那人说：“我知道你的汽车型号。发动机进气的地方很低。路上有那么多水，它可能会吸收一些水。如果你幸运的话，只有你的插头湿了，不能产生火花。在这种情况下，我们的麻烦就少了。”A. took in吸收；B. swept away扫除；C. poured out倾诉；D. cut off切断。根据上文“The place where the engine gets its air is very low. With that much water on the road”可知，作者的车的发动机获取空气的地方很低，路上有那么多水，因此发动机可能会吸收一些水。故选A。 79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达后，我下了车，那人说：“我知道你的汽车型号。发动机进气的地方很低。路上有那么多水，它可能会吸收一些水。如果你幸运的话，只有你的插头湿了，不能产生火花。在这种情况下，我们的麻烦就少了。”A. stress压力；B. luck运气；C. concern关心；D. trouble麻烦。根据上文“If you were lucky, only your plugs (插头) got wet and can’t produce sparks (火花).”可知，幸运的情况下，作者的车的发动机只是插头湿了，不能产生火花，因此修理起来比较容易，他们的麻烦就少了。故选D。 80．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你的引擎没有任何异常。A. mysterious神秘的；B. abnormal异常的；C. unhealthy不健康的；D. different不同的。根据上文“Good news.”可知，这个男人说的是好消息，因此作者的车的引擎没有任何异常。故选B。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的插头都已干了。A. called呼叫；B. shown展示；C. put放置；D. dried干燥。根据上文“If you were lucky, only your plugs (插头) got wet and can’t produce sparks (火花).”和“Good news.”和下文“You can go now.”可知，作者是幸运的，发动机只是插头湿了，因此现在是插头都已干了，作者才能走，动词短语dry off意为“使变干（燥）”。故选D。 82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我困惑地盯着他说“等等。我需要知道给你多少钱。”A. fear恐惧；B. anger愤怒；C. confusion困惑；D. disappointment失望。根据下文“Wait. I need to know how much to ___13___ you.”可知，面对这个男人的行为，作者表示需要等等，想知道一些事情，因此是困惑的状态。故选C。 83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我困惑地盯着他说“等等。我需要知道给你多少钱。”A. pay支付；B. treat对待；C. respect尊敬；D. please使高兴。根据下文“So we did this for free.”可知，这个男人表示做这件事是免费的，因此作者想知道的是该付他多少钱。故选A。 84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道他们的价值不止于此，因为善良是无价的。A. ambition野心；B. worth价值；C. regret遗憾；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“I put $20 in his hand forcefully.”可知，作者用力把20美元塞到这个男人手里，是认可和感激他们为自己做的事情，此处指的是他们的价值不止于这20美元。故选B。 85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的车又平稳地行驶了，回家的路上我很感激。A. proud骄傲的；B. curious好奇的；C. grateful感激的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文叙述的这个男人和他的同事帮助作者将车推上山坡并检查，发现只是插头潮湿导致无法启动，修理后车辆恢复正常，以及他们拒绝收费可知，作者对此心怀感激。故选C。 语法填空5篇-精选重难题 Passage 01 （23-24高一下·安徽安庆·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since its creation in the 12th century, Qianli Jiangshan Tu, or A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, has been held up as 1 masterpiece of traditional Chinese painting. But perhaps just as 2 (impress) as the work itself is the fact that it was created by a teenager. A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains is the only existing work from Wang Ximeng, a talented painter of the Northern Song dynasty. According to historical records, Wang entered the Imperial Painting Academy when he was in his early 3 (teen). Emperor Huizong is said 4 (discover) the boy’s special talent with a brush and taken charge of his education 5 (personal) as a painter. By the time Wang was 18, he 6 (master) the latest painting techniques and began to develop his own unique style. Over a period of six months in 1113, he devoted himself to the landscape work for which he is still remembered today. 7 (measure) about 12 meters long and 0.5 meters high, A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains displays running rivers 8 (cover) with fog with the background of rolling mountains in the distance. In the painting, there are not only fishing villages, pavilions (亭子) and grass houses, 9 persons such as fishermen 10 drift (漂流) on the river, and sellers and buyers in a crowded market. Wang Ximeng demonstrated Chinese people’s love for life, their homes and the country. 【答案】 1．a 2．impressive 3．teens 4．to have discovered 5．personally 6．had mastered 7．Measuring 8．covered 9．but 10．who/that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统绘画的代表作——《千里江山图》，介绍了其作者以及绘画特色等。 1．考查冠词。句意：《千里江山图》自 12 世纪创作以来，一直被奉为中国传统绘画的杰作。修饰可数名词单数“masterpiece”，泛指，首字母的发音为辅音音素。所以用不定冠词 a。故填 a。 2．考查词形容词。句意：但也许就像作品本身一样令人深刻的事实是他是一个青少年创作的。设空处在 句中与空前空后的“as...as(像……一样;正如……一样)”构成同级比较句式，且设空处在句中作表语， 表“印象深刻的”，应填形容词，故填 impressive。 3．考查名词的数。句意：王希孟在十几岁的时候就进入了国画学堂。固定搭配：in one’s teens，意为“在某人十几岁时”。故填 teens。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，宋徽宗发现了这个男孩在绘画方面的特殊才能，并亲自负责他的绘画 教育。这里为非谓语动词担当主语补足语，构成句型：sb be said to…;根据下文的“taken”可知，用动词不定式的完成式。故填 to have discovered。 5．考查副词。句意：据说，宋徽宗发现了这个男孩在绘画方面的特殊才能，并亲自负责他的绘画教育。 修饰动词用副词形式。故填 personally。 6．考查动词的时态。句意：到王希孟 18 岁时，他掌握了最新的绘画技巧，并开始发展自己独特的风格。“by the time(到……时间为止)”为时间状语，从句谓语是一般过去时，主句谓语应用过去完成时，故填 had mastered. 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：《千里河山图》长约 12 米，高约 0.5 米，展示了雾气笼罩的河流，远处是连绵起伏的山脉。这里为非谓语动词当状语，measure 与A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains为主动关系，用现在分词。出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Measuring。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：《千里河山图》长约 12 米，高约 0.5 米，展示了雾气笼罩的河流，远处是连绵起伏的山脉。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“rivers”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填 covered。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：画中不仅有渔村、凉亭和草屋，还有在江面上漂来漂去的渔夫，以及拥挤的市 场上的买卖双方。固定搭配：not only…but(also)…，意为“不但……而且……”。故填 but。 10．考查定语从句。句意：画中不仅有渔村、凉亭和草屋，还有在江面上漂来漂去的渔夫，以及拥挤的市 场上的买卖双方。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“fishermen”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词 who 或 that 引导。故填 who/that。 Passage 02 （23-24高一下·四川成都·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At 7:38 on June 4, 2024, the Chang’e-6 ascender (上升器) carrying lunar samples took off from the back of the moon and 11 (success) entered the predetermined circular orbit around the moon. Chang’e-6 has completed the 12 (world) first sampling (采样) and take-off on the lunar far side. From June 2 to 3, Chang’e-6 successfully 13 (complete) the intelligent and rapid sampling in the South Pole-Aitken Basin on the far side of the moon, 14 stored the precious lunar far side samples in the storage device 15 (carry) by the ascender, completing the “packing” of this cosmic express delivery. Compared with the lunar surface take-off of Chang’e-5, the 16 (engineer) realization of the lunar far side take-off of the Chang'e-6 ascender is 17 (difficult). With the assistance of the Queqiao-2 relay satellite, 18 Chang’e-6 ascender realizes autonomous positioning and attitude determination with the help of special sensors carried by itself. After ignition and take-off, the ascender went through three stages of vertical ascent, attitude 19 (adjust), and orbit injection, and successfully entered the predetermined circular orbit around the moon. In the follow-up, lunar samples will be transferred 20 the returner and brought back to Earth by the returner. 【答案】 11．successfully 12．world’s 13．completed 14．and 15．carried 16．engineering 17．more difficult 18．the 19．adjustment 20．to 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了嫦娥六号完成世界首次月球背面采样和起飞。 11．考查副词。句意：2024年6月4日7时38分，携带月球样本的嫦娥六号上升器从月球背面起飞，成功进入预定的绕月圆形轨道。此处用作状语修饰动词，需用副词。故填successfully。 12．考查名词所有格。句意：嫦娥六号完成了世界上首次在月球背面的采样和起飞。此处用作定语修饰动名词sampling，表示“世界上的”，需用名词所有格形式，在后加“’s”。故填world’s。 13．考查动词时态。句意：6月2日至3日，嫦娥六号在月球背面的南极艾特肯盆地成功完成了智能快速采样。此处用作句子谓语，根据时间状语From June 2 to 3可知，需用一般过去时。故填completed。 14．考查连词。句意：并将珍贵的月球背面样本存储在上升器携带的存储装置中，完成了这一宇宙快递的“包装”。此处缺少连词连接并列谓语completed和stored，表示连续的动作，需用连词and。故填and。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意同上题。此处动词carry用作后置定语修饰名词device，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，需用过去分词。故填carried。 16．考查非谓语动词。句意：与嫦娥五号月球表面起飞相比，嫦娥六号上升器月球远侧起飞的工程实现难度更大。动词engineer用作定语修饰名词realization，需用现在分词形式，表示“工程实现”。故填engineering。 17．考查形容词比较级。句意同上题。根据前文“Compared with the lunar surface take-off of Chang’e-5”可知，此处是嫦娥5号和嫦娥6号的比较，应使用比较级。故填more difficult。 18．考查冠词。句意：在鹊桥二号中继卫星的帮助下，嫦娥六号上升器借助其携带的特殊传感器实现了自主定位和姿态确定。此处缺少冠词，表示特指，需用定冠词the。故填the。 19．考查名词。句意：点火起飞后，上升器经历了垂直上升、姿态调整和轨道注入三个阶段，成功进入预定的绕月圆形轨道。此处需要名词充当介词of的宾语，表示“行为、思想的调整，适应”，需用不可数名词。故填adjustment。 20．考查介词。句意：在后续行动中，月球样本将被转移到返回器中，并由返回器带回地球。此处构成固定短语transfer…to表示“转移……到”，需用介词to。故填to。 Passage 03 （23-24高一下·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists at the University of Rochester have found that blinking (眨眼睛) plays a bigger role than we thought. Typically, to clear dust out of our eyes 21 (regard) as the main reason why we blink. That’s 22 (evident) reasonable. But the fact is that our eyes 23 (respond) seems too much. On average, humans blink up to 20 times every minute. Although each blink only lasts between 0.1 and 0.4 seconds, that adds up to around 8% of our waking hours spent 24 our eyes closed. The brain has to work harder 25 (fight) those constant movements, so it doesn’t seem worthwhile to take the trouble without getting any other benefit in return. The Rochester researchers set out to figure out 26 that benefit might be. The team tracked eye movements in humans and coupled the data with computer models. The scientists found that the rapid eye movement during a blink changes the light patterns, 27 (send) a different type of visual (视觉的) signal to the brain. Blinking helps people take in the “big picture” of a scene, 28 notice large-scale, slowly changing patterns. “We show that humans benefit from blinking through the information 29 (communicate) by the eye movement.” Said Bin Yang, first author of the study. “Thus, different from the 30 (establish) belief, blinking improves visual processing rather than damaging it.” 【答案】 21．is regarded 22．evidently 23．response 24．with 25．to fight 26．what 27．sending 28．and 29．communicated 30．established 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍一项科学研究解读了我们的眨眼次数超过所需要次数的原因。 21．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：通常，我们眨眼的主要原因是为了清除眼睛里的灰尘。此处描述现在的一般情况，故应用一般现在时，且主语不定式与regard 之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is regarded。 22．考查副词。句意：这显然是合理的。此处修饰形容词reasonable用副词evidently。故填evidently。 23．考查名词。句意：但事实是，我们的眼睛反应似乎太多了。此处作从句主语，应填名词response。故填response。 24．考查介词。句意：虽然每次眨眼只持续0.1到0.4秒，但这占了我们醒着的时间的8%左右。此处with的复合结构：with + sth.+宾补，作状语。故填with。 25．考查非谓语动调。句意：大脑必须更努力地工作来对抗这些持续的运动，所以如果没有得到任何其他好处，似乎就不值得麻烦了。根据语境，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to fight。 26．考查宾语从句。句意：罗切斯特大学的研究人员开始研究这种好处是什么。此处为宾语从句，空处在从句中作表语，表示“什么”用what。故填what。 27．考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们发现眨眼时快速的眼球运动改变了光线模式，向大脑发送了不同类型的视觉信号。逻辑主语the rapid eye movement与send为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填sending。 28．考查连词。句意：眨眼可以帮助人们了解一个场景的“大局”，并注意到大规模的、缓慢变化的模式。根据语境，空处前后谓语动词具有并列关系，故填and。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们的研究表明，通过眼球运动传达的信息，人类可以从眨眼中受益。”该研究的第一作者杨斌说。communicate与information为被动关系，用过去分词communicated作后置定语。故填communicated。 30．考查形容词。句意：“因此，与既定的看法不同，眨眼能改善而不是破坏视觉处理。”修饰名词belief用形容词established。故填established。 Passage 04 （23-24高一下·河北衡水·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qiyuan Garden is a classical type private garden 31 (locate) in Wuyuan Township of Haiyan County in Zhejiang Province. It is one of the top ten gardens in China. The old name of it is Feng’s Garden. During the Qing Dynasty, 32 owner of the Garden, Feng Zuanzhai, settled here. The layout of the whole garden 33 (express) the harmonious manner between water and mountains. The garden has a large area of water 34 it is dotted with a few constructions. The entrance of the garden is on the west side. In the middle of the garden is the flower hall with bridges in front. The 35 (flow) water goes around the hall to the north, and by the other side of the pool in front of the hall 36 (be) artificial hills. The layout of the garden is similar 37 the structure of the Humble Administrator’s Garden in Suzhou. The garden has 38 (vary) attractions with fancy names such as Butterfly Drops into Greens and the Setting Sun on the Lotus Pool. Pathways here consist of waterways, mountain holes, underground tunnels and fly-over beams (飞梁), 39 will bring you to a dreamland. Beautiful gloriettes (亭子) are distributed evenly in the garden to provide a place for 40 (relax). 【答案】 31．located 32．the 33．expresses 34．and 35．flowing 36．are 37．to 38．various/varied 39．which 40．relaxation 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了浙江的私家园林绮园，主要包括其重要地位、园主、布局、景点等。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：绮园是位于浙江省海盐县武原镇的一座古典式私家园林。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作garden的后置定语，be located in意为“位于，坐落于”，locate和garden逻辑上是被动关系，应用locate的过去分词形式。故填located。 32．考查冠词。句意：清代时，园主冯缵斋在此定居。空处表示特指，指绮园的主人，应用定冠词the。故填the。 33．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：整个园林的布局表现了水与山的和谐。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语layout是单数，express“表现”应用第三人称单数形式。故填expresses。 34．考查连词。句意：花园里有大面积的水域，点缀着一些建筑。空处连接前后两个完整的句子，两者之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 35．考查形容词。句意：流水绕厅向北，厅前池的另一边是假山。作修饰water的定语，应用形容词flowing表示“流动的”。故填flowing。 36．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：流水绕厅向北，厅前池的另一边是假山。作地点状语的介词短语置于句首，引起句子完全倒装，空处作谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语hills是复数，be动词应用are。故填are。 37．考查介词。句意：园林的布局与苏州拙政园的结构相似。固定短语be similar to意为“与……相似”。故填to。 38．考查形容词。句意：这个花园有各种各样的景点，它们的名字都很奇特，比如“蝶来滴翠”和“风荷夕照”。空处是修饰attractions的定语，vary的形容词形式various或varied符合题意，意为“各种各样的”。故填various/varied。 39．考查定语从句。句意：这里的小径由水道、山洞、低于地面的隧道和飞梁组成，带你进入一个如梦般的世界。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面提到的各种小径作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 40．考查名词。句意：美丽的亭子均匀地分布在花园里，为人们提供了一个放松的场所。空处作for的宾语，应用relax的名词形式relaxation，意为“放松”，是不可数名词。故填relaxation。 Passage 05 （23-24高一下·江西宜春·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s new hit TV show To the Wonder has made Altay in the Xinjiang Uygur 41 (autonomy) region a new trendy tourism destination among young people, 42 are attracted by the breathtaking views and the simple and heartwarming lives of the local residents. Adapted 43 My Altay, a collection of prose by Li Juan, the drama tells the story of Li Wenxiu, a young woman who returned to her hometown of Altay 44 (live) with her mother after failing in her dream of becoming a writer and having setbacks at work. She then found the 45 (mean) of life and her love in Altay. The grassland views and free and easy lives 46 (show) in the teleplay soon made Altay one of the top-tier (顶级) tourism destinations among young people.The travel portal(门户网站) Qunar said that from May 7 — the day the TV show began its commercial airing, flight ticket bookings to Altay 47 (rise) 20 percent compared with the same period in the previous month, and hotel bookings doubled during the period on its platform. It’s not the first time in recent years that a hit show 48 (help) turn its location into a popular tourism destination. In January 2023, the TV drama Meet Yourself, starring Liu Yifei and Li Xian, made Dali in the southwestern province of Yunnan a trendy tourism destination. Xiao Peng, 49 researcher from travel portal Qunar, said that it’s common to see a TV drama boosting its location’s potential as a tourist destination in recent years. Citing To the Wonder as an example, he said that the local authorities or tourism companies can optimize tour products 50 (combine) natural views and cultural elements in Altay to improve people’s travel experiences. 【答案】 41．autonomous 42．who 43．from 44．to live 45．meaning 46．shown/showed 47．rose 48．has helped 49．a 50．combining 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国新疆阿泰地区因为一部热门电视剧《我的阿勒泰》而成为年轻人向往的旅游胜地。 41．考查形容词。句意：中国新热播的电视节目《我的阿勒泰》使新疆维吾尔自治区的阿勒泰成为年轻人的一个新的时尚旅游目的地，他们被那里令人叹为观止的景色和当地居民简单而温暖的生活所吸引。设空处使用形容词作定语修饰名词region。故填autonomous。 42．考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词people，为人，用who。故填who。 43．考查介词。句意：《我的阿勒泰》改编自李娟的散文集《我的阿勒泰》，讲述了年轻女子李文秀在成为作家的梦想破灭、工作遭遇挫折后回到家乡阿勒泰与母亲生活在一起的故事。adapt sth from sth为固定短语，意为“从……改编”。故填from。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中returned为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处使用不定式结构作状语。故填to live。 45．考查名词。句意：她在阿勒泰找到了生命的意义和爱情。设空处使用名词作宾语。表示“意义”用meaning。故填meaning。 46．考查非谓语动词。句意：电视剧中展现的草原美景和自由自在的生活很快使阿勒泰成为年轻人的首选旅游目的地之一。句中made为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处views和lives与show之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填shown/showed。 47．考查动词时态。句意：旅游门户网站去哪儿网表示，从5月7日《春晚》开始商业播出的那天起，去阿勒泰的机票预订量比上月同期增长了20%，去哪儿网的酒店预订量也翻了一番。设空处使用动词作谓语，句中的began以及doubled表示句子使用一般过去时。故填rose。 48．考查动词时态。句意：这已经不是近年来第一次有热播剧把这里变成热门旅游目的地了。句中it is+序数词+time+that+现在完成时，该结构为固定句型，表示“某人第几次做某事”，从句中使用现在完成时。故填has helped。 49．考查冠词。句意：来自旅游门户网站去哪儿网(Qunar)的研究员肖鹏表示，近年来，电视剧提升了该地区作为旅游目的地的潜力是很常见的。句中researcher为可数名词，此处表示泛指，同时首字母为辅音音素。故填a。 50．考查非谓语动词。句意：他以《我的阿勒泰》为例表示，当地政府或旅游公司可以优化旅游产品，结合阿勒泰的自然景观和文化元素，以改善人们的旅游体验。句中can optimize为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，local authorities or companies与combine是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填combining。 书信写作5篇-精选重难题 Writing 01 （23-24高一下·安徽亳州·期末）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 Ryan想学一门中国传统艺术，发邮件征求你的意见。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 推荐一门中国传统艺术并简述理由； 2. 提出一些建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Ryan, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely. Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Ryan, I’m thrilled to hear that you’re interested in learning a traditional Chinese art form. I highly recommend Chinese calligraphy, which is not only an ancient art of writing beautifully but also a profound way to understand Chinese culture and philosophy. It enhances focus, patience, and a deeper appreciation for beauty. I suggest that you start with practicing simple strokes and gradually move on to writing characters. Also, You can visit museums or browse online galleries to study the classics. Understanding the history and styles of famous calligraphers enriches your learning journey. Lastly, As with any art, regular practice is key. Even 15 minutes a day can make a significant difference over time. I’m sure you’ll find calligraphy an enriching and rewarding journey. If you need any further resources or have questions, feel free to ask. Yours sincerely. Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给外国朋友Ryan回信，推荐一门中国传统艺术，并提供学习建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→excited 优美的：beautifully→elegantly 增强，提高：enhance→improve 重要的：significant→important 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Understanding the history and styles of famous calligraphers enriches your learning journey. 拓展句：When you understand the history and styles of famous calligraphers, your learning journey becomes enriched. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m thrilled to hear that you’re interested in learning a traditional Chinese art form.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】I suggest that you start with practicing simple strokes and gradually move on to writing characters.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) Writing 02 （23-24高一下·重庆·期末）假设你是学校科技社的李华，你校将举办主题为“生活中的人工智能”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的同学参加这次比赛。内容包括： 1. 比赛的主题、时间、地点；2. 参赛的要求；3. 参赛的意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear classmates, I am Li Hua, a member of our school’s Technology Club. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Classmates,       I am Li Hua, a member of our school’s Technology Club. We’re excited to host an English speech contest on “Artificial Intelligence in Our Lives” on Friday, April 20th, in the auditorium.       To participate, you’ll need to prepare a speech that explores how AI impacts our daily routines, its benefits, and potential challenges. Your presentation should be approximately 5 minutes long, delivered in English, and original content is highly encouraged.        By joining us, not only will you gain valuable experience, but you’ll also contribute to a vibrant community discussion on technology’s role in modern life. We look forward to hearing your unique perspectives and seeing you at the contest! Sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件，邀请同学参加主题为“生活中的人工智能”的英语演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：excited→thrilled 比赛：contest→competition 获得：gain→acquire 观点：perspective→opinion 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We’re excited to host an English speech contest on “Artificial Intelligence in Our Lives” on Friday, April 20th, in the auditorium. 拓展句：We’re excited to host an English speech contest whose theme is “Artificial Intelligence in Our Lives” on Friday, April 20th, in the auditorium. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To participate, you’ll need to prepare a speech that explores how AI impacts our daily routines, its benefits, and potential challenges.（运用了that引导限定性定语从句） 【高分句型2】By joining us, not only will you gain valuable experience, but you’ll also contribute to a vibrant community discussion on technology’s role in modern life.（运用了部分倒装句） Writing 03 （23-24高一下·黑龙江·期末）假定你是李华，你校留学生协会正在筹备中外学生篮球联谊赛，现需要一名精通双语且具有一定篮球知识的裁判。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请做裁判，内容包括： 1. 写信目的：2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：篮球联谊赛basketball friendship match；双语裁判员bilingual referee Dear Sir or Madam, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Sir or Madam, Hearing that you are looking for a bilingual referee of this basketball friendship match, I am writing to apply for the position. I think I am qualified for this position for the following reasons. Firstly, I have been a volunteer in our school sports meetings and am very familiar with the responsibilities of a sports referee. Besides, I am good at English and Chinese and have mastered a lot of English rules and regulations about basketball. Lastly, I can solve the conflicts between the two sides well. I will ensure that the match is fair. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校留学生协会正在筹备中外学生篮球联谊赛，现需要一名精通双语且具有一定篮球知识的裁判。要求考生给负责人写一封邮件申请做裁判。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：firstly→ first of all 此外：besides → what’s more 擅长：be good at→ do well in 确保： ensure→ make sure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Firstly, I have been a volunteer in our school sports meetings and am very familiar with the responsibilities of a sports referee. 拓展句：Firstly, I have been a volunteer in our school sports meetings, which makes me very familiar with the responsibilities of a sports referee. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Hearing that you are looking for a bilingual referee of this basketball friendship match, I am writing to apply for the position.（运用了现在分词Hearing作原因状语以及that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I will ensure that the match is fair.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） Writing 04 （23-24高一下·广东云浮·期末）你校英语报计划组织一场以“好习惯助我成功”为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 好习惯的重要性； 2. 举例说明； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 100个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Fellow students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Fellow students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3. It is my honor to deliver a speech on “Good habits help me succeed”. It is known to all that good living habits are important to our physical and mental health. Good habits not only contribute to personal discipline and self-mastery but also lay the foundation for long-term success and fulfillment. For instance, the habit of setting specific goals and maintaining a dedicated work ethic has been instrumental in pushing me towards my goals. Moreover, the consistent practice of mindfulness and time management enables me to maximize productivity and maintain a healthy work-life balance. Motivation is what gets me started. And the habit is what keeps me going. May you all have good living habits! In conclusion, let us embrace the transformative potential of good habits and commit ourselves to cultivating behaviors that will pave the way for our success and well-being. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校英语报计划组织一场以“好习惯助我成功”为主题的演讲比赛，要求考生按照要求写一篇演讲稿参赛。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 发表演讲：deliver a speech→ give a speech 重要的：important→ significant 有助于：contribute to→ be conducive to 例如：for instance→ for example 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：It is known to all that good living habits are important to our physical and mental health.. 拓展句：As we all know, good living habits are important to our physical and mental health. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 It is my honor to deliver a speech on “Good habits help me succeed”. (运用了It作形式主语、不定式to deliver作真正的主语) 【高分句型2】It is known to all that good living habits are important to our physical and mental health. (运用了It作形式主语、that引导的主语从句) Writing 05 （23-24高一下湖北咸宁期末）假设你是校学生会主席$$