精品解析：山东省日照市五莲县第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题

高二年级下学期英语学科阶段性测试 英语试题 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the man meet Zara? A. At 4:45. B. At 5:15. C. At 5:45. 2. What will the woman probably do? A. Change her route. B. Avoid Kent Street. C. Take a short cut. 3. What does the woman think of the man? A. Artistic. B. Intelligent. C. Sociable. 4. What does the man do? A. A salesman. B. A tailor. C. A model. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A song. B. A movie. C. A singer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What day is it today? A Friday. B. Tuesday. C. Monday. 7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Customer and receptionist. C. Chef and assistant. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What will the woman prepare for the man? A. Water. B. Sports drinks. C. Energy bars. 9. What is the man’s concern about the marathon? A. The weather. B. His injury. C. The distance. 10. What does the woman advise the man to do at last? A. Listen to his body. B. Quit the race. C. Finish the whole race. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Which country will the man visit? A. Japan. B. Korea. C. Singapore. 12. How does the man plan to get air tickets? A. By paying 3,000 pounds for them. B. By exchanging his air miles for tickets. C. By asking the travel agency to buy them. 13. How does the woman sound at last? A. Satisfied. B. Concerned. C. Annoyed. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the main reason for Claire to choose SNU? A. It is one of the top universities. B. It allows her to be independent. C. It offers summer work projects. 15. What did the Indian project involve? A. Constructing country roads. B. Selling agricultural produce. C. Planning the best trade routes. 16. What does Claire think about the summer program experience? A. It’s physically challenging. B. It’s a chance to explore a new place. C. It enables her to apply theory to practice. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Introducing tourist spots. B. Reviewing a book. C. Hosting a program. 18. What will the highest temperature be on Thursday? A. Around 15℃. B. Around 10℃. C. Around 7℃. 19 Why did the Frenchman make the trip? A. To enjoy the view of Europe. B. To become a popular blogger. C. To collect funds for charity causes. 20. Who wrote the new recipe book? A. A man from Paris. B. Some school children. C. Some canteen staff 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Sellman Plantation is made up of 500 acres (英亩) of farmland and the historic Sellman House. The area is full of history just waiting to be explored, and that is exactly what volunteer scientists are doing as part of several active archaeology (考古) projects at the plantation. The Archaeology Lab is staffed entirely by volunteers and college students. We encourage anyone who is interested to get in touch with us. As a volunteer, you’ll have the opportunity to: ●dig in areas that scientists think contain objects that show how the local people lived. ●sort soil through big screens to find small items like old pipes, nails, and Indian artifacts (器物). ●smooth the units to reveal color and texture patterns that provide evidence of how the land was used. ●wash and identify recovered artifacts. If you are interested in regularly volunteering, we encourage you to consider creating your own research project. You can: ●develop original research questions. ●create procedures to answer those questions. ●do the research with support from assistant volunteer scientists. ●write reports about the methods and findings. Age and time commitment Minimum age is 16. Minimum time commitment is three 3-hour visits. Days/times The lab is active on Wednesdays from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., but volunteers don’t need to stay the entire day. To sign up or for more information Contact Rachael Mady, SERC Participatory Science Coordinator, at MadyR@si.edu or 443-482-2276. 1. What can volunteers do at the Archaeology Lab? A. Classify ancient documents. B. Uncover historical artifacts. C. Interview research assistants. D. Organize public exhibitions. 2. What is an essential requirement for volunteering at the lab? A. Being at least 16 years old. B. Staying for the entire 6-hour workday. C. Participating every Wednesday. D. Writing reports on archaeological findings. 3. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To promote tourism at Sellman Plantation. B. To train scientists in advanced techniques. C. To seek volunteers for historical studies. D. To explain the history of the Sellman House. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了 Sellman 种植园的考古项目，包括志愿者在考古实验室可以做的工作、年龄和时间要求以及报名方式等信息，目的是招募志愿者参与历史研究。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“dig in areas that scientists think contain objects that show how the local people lived.(在科学家们认为含有显示当地人生活方式的物品的地区进行挖掘)” 以及 “sort soil through big screens to find small items like old pipes, nails, and Indian artifacts.(通过大筛子筛选土壤，寻找旧管子、钉子和印第安文物等小物件)” 可知，志愿者在考古实验室可以挖掘和发现历史文物。故选 B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Age and time commitment中“Minimum age is 16.(最小年龄是 16 岁)” 可知，在实验室做志愿者的必要条件是至少 16 岁。故选 A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章“The area is full of history just waiting to be explored, and that is exactly what volunteer scientists are doing as part of several active archaeology (考古) projects at the plantation.(这个地区充满了有待探索的历史，而这正是志愿科学家们在种植园的几个考古项目中正在做的事情)” 以及下文对志愿者工作内容、要求和报名方式的介绍，可推知本文的主要目的是为历史研究招募志愿者。故选 C。 B Like a lot of Canadians, Andrew Suboch grew up knowing little about Canada’s national game — lacrosse(曲棍球), other than watching some neighbours pass a ball using old wooden sticks. It was only when his two children started playing the game as part of their training for hockey (冰球) that he took much notice. His son, Jack, went on to excel at lacrosse and he now plays for the Vancouver Warriors of the National Lacrosse League. Both children came up through the Mimico Minor Lacrosse organization, in the Toronto area, which has been around since 1890. When the number of players in the kids’ league began falling in 2014, Mr. Suboch, who is a personal injury lawyer in Toronto, volunteered to step in. He offered to sponsor the “Baby Peanut” program, which introduced children ages 3 and 4 to the game. Thanks to his sponsorship, more than 100 children play for free each spring for eight weeks. They spend an hour every Saturday learning the game and every player is given a lightweight stick and a shirt. “They are taught to catch, throw, pass and shoot in a non-contact environment,” he said. “You get them running around. Get them away from the screen. It is our national game, so you get them exposed. And sure enough, they caught on.” To fund the program, Mr. Suboch came up with a novel idea. He started searching his neighbourhood for used appliances, metal and electronic items, such as computers and cellphones. He sorted the material and sold it to a local recycling centre. “Word has gotten out, so people now will give me their used electronics and metal stuff,” he said. The recycling effort raises around $20,000 annually, which covers the cost of the lacrosse program. Mr. Suboch said watching the kids play has given him a lot of satisfaction and joy. Not only is far less junk going to landfill sites, he said, but “we’ve also got kids who are not in front of a screen.” 4. Why did Andrew start sponsoring the “Baby Peanut” program? A. His son asked him to support the game. B. The kids’ league faced declining participation. C. He wanted to promote his own law firm. D. He hoped to popularize a hockey organization. 5. What does the underlined phrase “caught on” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Learned the rules. B. Got injured. C. Attracted donations. D. Became interested. 6. How did Andrew obtain funds for the lacrosse program? A. By organizing charity matches. B. By collecting and selling used items. C. By charging participation fees. D. By raising money from the community. 7. What can we learn about the program’s impact? A. It reduced screen time for children. B. It increased waste sent to landfills. C. It made lacrosse popular worldwide. D. It created jobs for the local residents. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了多伦多律师Andrew Suboch通过赞助儿童曲棍球项目Baby Peanut并创新回收筹款方式，既推广了加拿大国球运动，又减少了儿童屏幕时间的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。 根据文章第三段中When the number of players...began falling in 2014, Mr. Suboch...volunteered to step in(2014年当儿童联赛参与人数开始下降时，Suboch先生自愿介入)”可知，赞助直接原因是儿童联赛参与率下降。故选B。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中““They are taught to catch, throw, pass and shoot in a non-contact environment,” he said. “You get them running around. Get them away from the screen.(他说：“他们被教导要在非接触环境中捕捉，投掷，传球和投球。”“你让他们四处奔跑。让他们离开屏幕”)”可知，教孩子们打球，四处跑，孩子们应该是很感兴趣，由此可推知，caught on指孩子们对运动产生了兴趣。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。 根据文章第五段中“He started searching his neighbourhood for used appliances, metal and electronic items, such as computers and cellphones. He sorted the material and sold it to a local recycling centre. “Word has gotten out, so people now will give me their used electronics and metal stuff,” he said. The recycling effort raises around $20,000 annually, which covers the cost of the lacrosse program.(他开始搜索自己的附近，寻找二手电器，金属和电子产品，例如计算机和手机。他对材料进行了分类，并将其卖给了当地的回收中心。他说：“消息已经出来了，所以人们现在会给我他们二手的电子和金属东西。”回收工作每年筹集约20,000美元，涵盖了曲棍网兜球计划的成本。)”可知，资金来源于回收物品。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“we’ve got kids who are not in front of a screen(孩子们不再盯着屏幕)”可知，项目显著减少了儿童屏幕时间。故选A。 C Writer Chloe Dalton discovered an unexpected teacher in nature when a damaged internet cable, chewed by a brown hare (野兔) in her countryside home, brought not annoyance but concern for the animal. This marked a significant shift for Dalton, whose book Raising Hare records her relationship with a hare she rescued in early 2021. She discovered a newborn hare near her house, unguarded by a nest or its mother. At first, she left it, hot wanting to disturb nature’s course. But when she returned hours later to find the hare still there, exposed to the rough weather and potential enemies, she nervously took it home, without any knowledge of hare care. She carefully fed it milk with a dropper. While there was plenty of rabbit advice online, hares were still mysterious. Refusing to domesticate the hare, Dalton let it move freely in her home, adjusting her busy life to match its habits. Its simple life reshaped her view: “If I could get this much pleasure from something so simple,” she reflects, “what else might be waiting to be discovered?” Their life together ended the strong focus on her busy life and brought a greater awareness of the environment. In her book, Dalton gives historical context on the human-hare relationship and illustrates how horribly hares have often been treated. The brown hare population in Britain has declined 80 percent in the past century due to hunting and agriculture. The story provides a peaceful feeling with its delicate illustrations, but Dalton avoids idealizing nature, recognizing humans’ influence on animals. Animal encounter books are common, and the good ones act like peaceful countryside escapes. We already understand the basic outlines even without reading books with similar themes — Catherine Raven’s Fox & I and Helen Macdonald’s H Is for Hawk. But Dalton’s weak animal is much lower on the food chain, adding more suspense to Raising Hare: Will the small creature survive until the story ends? Dalton’s journey with her “weak companion” offers a reminder that healing (疗愈) often comes not from control, but from adjusting to nature. 8. What prevented Dalton from immediately rescuing the hare? A. Respect for nature. B. Lack of feeding knowledge. C. Attack from its enemies. D. Advice from conservationists. 9. How did the hare influence Dalton’s daily life? A. By damaging her home facilities. B. By reminding her to focus on writing. C. By requiring her constant care. D. By inspiring her to live a slow-paced life. 10. What distinguishes Raising Hare from other animal stories? A. Its description of idealized nature. B. Its delicate illustrations of the hare. C. Its stimulation of readers’ tension. D. Its focus on the knowledge of the hare. 11. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A short story. C. A research paper. D. A book review. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇书评，介绍了作家Chloe Dalton的书籍《Raising Hare》，讲述了她与一只野兔的相处经历，以及这段经历如何改变了她的生活态度和对自然的认识。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“At first, she left it, not wanting to disturb nature’s course.(起初，她选择离开，不想干扰自然的进程。)”可知，Dalton最初没有立即救助野兔是因为她尊重自然的规律。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Its simple life reshaped her view: ‘If I could get this much pleasure from something so simple,’ she reflects, ‘what else might be waiting to be discovered?’(野兔的简单生活重塑了她的观点：“如果我能从如此简单的事物中获得如此多的快乐，”她反思道，“还有什么等待我去发现？”)”可知，野兔让Dalton开始思考慢节奏生活的意义。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But Dalton’s weak animal is much lower on the food chain, adding more suspense to Raising Hare: Will the small creature survive until the story ends?(但Dalton笔下的弱小动物在食物链中更低，为《Raising Hare》增添了更多悬念：这个小生物能否活到故事结束？)”可推知，这本书与其他动物故事的不同之处在于它激发了读者的紧张感。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“But Dalton’s weak animal is much lower on the food chain, adding more suspense to Raising Hare: Will the small creature survive until the story ends? Dalton’s journey with her “weak companion” offers a reminder that healing (疗愈) often comes not from control, but from adjusting to nature.(但达尔顿笔下这只弱小的动物在食物链中的位置要低得多，这为《养兔记》增添了更多悬念：这个小生命能否活到故事结尾？达尔顿与这位“弱小同伴”的旅程提醒我们：疗愈往往并非来自掌控，而是源于顺应自然。)”对书籍的评论和与其他动物书籍的对比，可推知本文是对Raising Hare这本书的评述。故选D。 D A wheeled robot rolls across the floor. A soft-bodied robotic star bends its five legs, moving awkwardly. Powered by conventional electricity via plug or battery, these simple robotic creations would be unremarkable, but what sets these two robots apart is that they are controlled by a living entity (实体) : a king oyster mushroom. By growing the mushroom’s mycelium (菌丝体) into the robot’s hardware, a team led by Cornell University researchers has engineered two types of robots that sense and respond to the environment by using electrical signals made by the mushroom and its sensitivity to light. The robots are the latest accomplishment of scientists in a field known as biohybrid robotics who seek to combine biological, living materials such as plant and animal cells or insects with artificial components to make partly living and partly engineered entities. There’s still a long way to go before biohybrid robots go beyond the lab, but researchers hope one day robot jellyfish may explore oceans, sperm-powered robots may be able to deliver fertility (肥沃) treatments and cyborg cockroaches could search for survivors in the wake of an earthquake. “Biohybridization is an attempt to find components in the biological world that we can use, understand, and control to help our artificial systems work better,” said Shepherd, a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at Cornell University. The team began by growing king oyster mushrooms in the lab from a simple kit ordered online. The researchers chose this species of mushroom because it grows easily and quickly. They cultivated (培育) the mushroom’s mycelium, which can form networks that, according to the study, can sense, communicate and transport nutrients. The team found it challenging to engineer a system that could detect and use the small electrical signals from the mycelia to command the robot. “You have to make sure that your electrode (电极) touches in the right position because the mycelia are very thin,” said lead author Anand Mishra. “Then you culture them, and when the mycelia start growing, they wrap around the electrode.” 12. What is special about the two robots in the first paragraph? A. They can control living creatures. B. They can make various movements. C. They are powered by king oyster mushrooms. D. They are partly mushroom and partly machine. 13. What does the author want to show by giving the examples in paragraph 4? A. The future possibilities of biohybrid robots. B. The seriousness of the environmental issues. C. The limitations of biohybrid robots beyond the lab. D. The advantages of biohybrid robots over conventional ones. 14. What did the team find difficult when engineering the robots? A. Wrapping the electrode with the mycelia. B. Arranging the electrode in the right order. C. Developing a system to cultivate the mycelia. D. Positioning the electrode accurately on the mycelia. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. When Nature Meets Technology B. How Technology Transforms Nature C. King Oyster Mushrooms: the Magic of Nature D. Biohybrid Robotics: the Key to Social Development 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种将生物和科技结合起来的机器人，介绍了其工作原理以及存在的挑战。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Powered by conventional electricity via plug or battery, these simple robotic creations would be unremarkable, but what sets these two robots apart is that they are controlled by a living entity (实体) : a king oyster mushroom.(通过插头或电池供电，这些简单的机器人创造物可能并不引人注目，但这两个机器人的与众不同之处在于，它们是由一种生物控制的：一种王牡蛎蘑菇)”可知，两个机器人部分是蘑菇，部分是机器。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“There’s still a long way to go before biohybrid robots go beyond the lab, but researchers hope one day robot jellyfish may explore oceans, sperm-powered robots may be able to deliver fertility (肥沃) treatments and cyborg cockroaches could search for survivors in the wake of an earthquake.(生物混合机器人要走出实验室还有很长的路要走，但研究人员希望有一天机器水母可以探索海洋，精子驱动的机器人可以提供生育治疗，半机器人蟑螂可以在地震后寻找幸存者)”可知，作者在第4段中给出的例子想要说明生物混合机器人的未来可能性。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“ The team found it challenging to engineer a system that could detect and use the small electrical signals from the mycelia to command the robot. “You have to make sure that your electrode (电极) touches in the right position because the mycelia are very thin,” said lead author Anand Mishra.(研究小组发现，设计一个能够检测并使用来自菌丝体的小电信号来指挥机器人的系统是一项挑战该研究的主要作者阿南德·米什拉说：“你必须确保电极接触到正确的位置，因为菌丝非常薄。”)”可知，在设计机器人时，团队发现难以将电极准确定位在菌丝上。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“By growing the mushroom’s mycelium (菌丝体) into the robot’s hardware, a team led by Cornell University researchers has engineered two types of robots that sense and respond to the environment by using electrical signals made by the mushroom and its sensitivity to light.(通过将蘑菇的菌丝体植入机器人的硬件，康奈尔大学研究人员领导的一个团队设计了两种类型的机器人，它们通过蘑菇发出的电信号和对光的敏感性来感知和响应环境)”结合文章主要介绍了一种将生物和科技结合起来的机器人，介绍了其工作原理以及存在的挑战可知，A选项“当自然遇上科技”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Motivating yourself is hard. If you’ve ever failed to reach an attainable goal because of delay or lack of commitment, I encourage you to read on. ____16____ Any goals you set for yourself should be specific. Studies have shown, for example, that when individuals make daily exercise commitments, they’re more likely to increase their fitness levels. ____17____ For instance, “walking 10,000 steps a day” is much better than “doing your best”. Some tasks are extremely challenging. In such cases, it can be helpful to create external motivators for yourself over the short-to-medium term. You might promise yourself a vacation for finishing a project or buy yourself a gift for losing weight. ____18____ For instance, rewarding weight loss with junk food sets back progress. When people work towards a goal, they usually start with strong motivation but then their effort decreases in the middle, when they are most likely to stop. ____19____ If you divide your goal into smaller steps, like setting weekly instead of three-month targets, you’ll have less time to fall into that unwanted decline. ____20____ The people who will best motivate you to accomplish certain tasks are not necessarily those who do the tasks well. Instead, they’re folks who share a big-picture goal with you. Thinking of those people and our desire to succeed on their behalf can help provide the powerful motivation we need to reach our goals. A woman may find boring work rewarding if she feels she is providing an example for her daughter. A. These approaches can help drive you forward. B. As social beings, we can use social influence wisely. C. But external rewards can backfire if mismatched with goals. D. Luckily, shortening the middle can help change this pattern. E. Concrete tasks are usually more effective than abstract ambitions. F. Support from loved ones can turn boring tasks into meaningful acts. G. Research has uncovered several ways to help you design smart rewards. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了如何有效激励自己实现目标，并提出了几个关键策略。 【16题详解】 上文“Motivating yourself is hard. If you’ve ever failed to reach an attainable goal because of delay or lack of commitment, I encourage you to read on.(激励自己很难。如果你由于延迟或缺乏承诺而无法实现可实现的目标，我鼓励你继续阅读)”提到自我激励很困难，但是作者鼓励我们要继续阅读，下文“Any goals you set for yourself should be specific.(你为自己设定的任何目标都应该具体)”提到自己设定的目标要具体，由此可知，空处承上启下，应该介绍有些目标能帮助你，A项“这些方法能帮你前进”符合，承上启下，故选A。 【17题详解】 前文“Any goals you set for yourself should be specific. Studies have shown, for example, that when individuals make daily exercise commitments, they’re more likely to increase their fitness levels.(你为自己设定的任何目标都应该具体。例如，研究表明，当个人日常锻炼承诺时，他们更有可能提高健身水平)”提到目标要具体，并举例说明具体目标的好处，下文“For instance, “walking 10,000 steps a day” is much better than “doing your best”.(例如，“每天步行10000步”比“尽力而为”要好得多)”举例说明具体目标比抽象目标要好，空处承上启下，E项“具体任务通常比抽象目标更有效”符合，故选E。 【18题详解】 前文“In such cases, it can be helpful to create external motivators for yourself over the short-to-medium term. You might promise yourself a vacation for finishing a project or buy yourself a gift for losing weight. (在这种情况下，在短期任期内为自己创造外部动机可能会有所帮助。你可能会向自己保证要度过一个项目或为自己购买减肥的礼物)”提到用外部激励（如奖励）帮助完成挑战性任务，后文“For instance, rewarding weight loss with junk food sets back progress.(例如，通过垃圾食品奖励减肥可以恢复进度)”举例说明用外部奖励可能会适得其反。由此可知，前后是转折关系，空处应指出外部激励的潜在问题。C项“但外部奖励若与目标不匹配会适得其反”符合，故选C。 【19题详解】 前文“When people work towards a goal, they usually start with strong motivation but then their effort decreases in the middle, when they are most likely to stop. (当人们朝着一个目标努力时，他们通常从强大的动力开始，但是当他们最有可能停止时，他们的努力在中间减少)”提到人们通常在目标中途动力下降。后文“If you divide your goal into smaller steps, like setting weekly instead of three-month targets, you’ll have less time to fall into that unwanted decline.(如果你将目标分为较小的步骤，例如设定每周而不是三个月的目标，那么你将有更少的时间陷入不需要的下降)”提到将目标分解为小步骤（如周目标）可避免中途放弃。由此可知，空处承上启下，可能是“解决方法”。D项“幸运的是，缩短‘中期’可以帮助改变这一模式”，其中“缩短中期”对应后文的“分解目标”。故选D。 【20题详解】 后文“The people who will best motivate you to accomplish certain tasks are not necessarily those who do the tasks well. Instead, they’re folks who share a big-picture goal with you. Thinking of those people and our desire to succeed on their behalf can help provide the powerful motivation we need to reach our goals. A woman may find boring work rewarding if she feels she is providing an example for her daughter.(最能激励你完成某些任务的人不一定是那些完成任务的人。相反，他们是与你共享大型目标的人。思考这些人以及我们代表他们成功的愿望可以帮助提供我们实现目标所需的强大动力。如果一个女人觉得自己正在为女儿提供榜样，那么她可能会发现无聊的工作很有意义)”提到“最能激励你的人不一定是擅长任务的人，而是与你有共同目标的人”，并举例“母亲为女儿树立榜样”。由此可知，此处应是关于“社交支持”或“他人影响”。B项“作为社会性生物，我们可以明智利用社交影响”符合，匹配后文“他人激励”。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s quite common that when a stranger is kind to us while travelling, it’s obvious that the favour cannot be returned. Soon, we will be physically ____21____ and lost to each other forever. It’s an ____22____ with no past and likely no future. Yet, there are ____23____. I still remember a family trip to a scenic spot in Georgia. Several ladies were taking pictures there, one of whom was ____24____ with a bunch of flowers. I truly liked them, and went up to her, saying how lovely they were. Immediately, she ____25____ to give me the flowers to take a picture with. I smiled ____26____ as my mom took out her camera. Yet this stranger’s kindness didn’t end there: the woman insisted that I ____27____ the flowers — she saw that they ____28____ my happiness. People usually receive flowers from loved ones, and it’s so ____29____ to receive them from a stranger! The flowers gradually withered (枯萎) away, but the ______30______ will stay with me forever. This small gift became a powerful ______31______ of the goodness that people can ______32______ to others. I ______33______ a lot of people on that trip, but I still remember this experience, which shows that a ______34______ action can go a long way. The flowers made my day, and every time I think back to it, the world seems a bit ______35______. 21. A. restless B. active C. helpless D. distant 22. A. encounter B. assumption C. achievement D. inspiration 23. A. alternatives B. doubts C. exceptions D. rules 24. A. running B. posing C. painting D. performing 25. A. resolved B. hesitated C. offered D. agreed 26. A. joyfully B. awkwardly C. nervously D. secretly 27. A. purchase B. keep C. throw D. deliver 28. A. took away B. put out C. contributed to D. stood for 29. A. stressful B. natural C. odd D. precious 30. A. lesson B. memory C. wisdom D. friendship 31. A. shadow B. feature C. reminder D. purpose 32. A. award B. introduce C. lend D. show 33. A. passed B. supported C. missed D. changed 34. A. brave B. simple C. timely D. firm 35. A. smaller B. richer C. safer D. brighter 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了旅行中陌生人善意的温暖故事。作者回忆在格鲁吉亚景区遇到一位手持鲜花的女士，对方主动让作者用花拍照并坚持将花赠予，这份意外的善意让作者倍感珍贵。虽然鲜花终会枯萎，但这份美好记忆和人性光辉将永远留存。文章通过这个小故事说明，简单的善举能产生深远影响，让世界显得更加美好。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，我们就会在距离上相隔遥远，永远消失在彼此的生活中。A. restless坐立不安的；B. active积极的；C. helpless无助的；D. distant疏远的；遥远的。根据下文“lost to each other forever”可知，相隔很远，所以会彼此不再联系，消失在彼此的生活中，故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一次没有过去、也可能没有未来的相遇。A. encounter偶遇；B. assumption假设；C. achievement成就；D. inspiration灵感。前文提到“It’s quite common that when a stranger is kind to us while travelling”陌生人的善意，所以此处指短暂的人际互动，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，总有例外。A. alternatives替代方案；B. doubts怀疑；C. exceptions例外；D. rules规则。根据后文，尤其是“Yet this stranger’s kindness didn’t end there”可知，后文通过具体事例说明“并非所有善意都会消失”，即总是有例外，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一位女士正拿着一束花摆姿势拍照。A. running奔跑；B. posing摆姿势；C. painting绘画；D. performing表演。根据上文“taking pictures”可知，拍照需要摆姿势，故选B。 【25题详解】 查动词词义辨析。句意：她立刻主动提出把花给我拍照。A. resolved决心；B. hesitated犹豫；C. offered主动提供；D. agreed同意。由后文“to give me the flowers to take a picture with”和“Yet this stranger’s kindness didn’t end there”可知，陌生人很慷慨，主动提出把花给作者拍照，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当妈妈拿出相机时，我开心地笑着。A. joyfully开心地；B. awkwardly尴尬地；C. nervously紧张地；D. secretly偷偷地。根据下文“as my mom took out her camera”可知，拍照时应该是开心地笑，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而陌生人的好意并不止于此：女士坚持让我留下这些花——她看出这些花增添了我的快乐。A. purchase购买；B. keep保留；C. throw扔掉；D. deliver递送。后文“The flowers gradually withered (枯萎) away, but the ___10___ will stay with me forever.”提到花最终枯萎，说明作者收下了花，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析句意：然而陌生人的好意并不止于此：女士坚持让我留下这些花——她看出这些花增添了我的快乐。A. took away带走；B. put out熄灭；C. contributed to促成；有助于；D. stood for代表。根据下文“happiness”可知，这些花给作者带来了快乐，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到陌生人的花是如此珍贵！A. stressful有压力的；B. natural自然的；C. odd奇怪的；D. precious珍贵的。与上文“usually from loved ones”对比，强调意外之喜，即收到陌生人的花是如此珍贵，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：花枯萎了，但记忆永存。A. lesson教训；B. memory记忆；C. wisdom智慧；D. friendship友谊。与后文“think back to it”（回想起这件事）呼应，此处指记忆永存，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小礼物成为人性的善意的有力提醒——人们可以向他人展现的善意。A. shadow阴影；B. feature特征；C. reminder提醒物；D. purpose目的。由下文“of the goodness that people can___12___to others.”可知，此处强调“善意”的象征意义，即这个小礼物成为人性的善意的有力提醒，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小礼物成为人性的善意的有力提醒——人们可以向他人展现的善意。A. award授予；B. introduce介绍；C. lend借出；D. show展示。“goodness”需与“向他人传递”搭配，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：旅途中我遇到过很多人，但仍记得这次经历，这表明一个简单的举动能产生深远影响。A. passed经过；B. supported支持；C. missed错过；D. changed改变。由下文“a lot of people on that trip, but I still remember this experience”可知，作者在旅途中遇到过很多人，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：旅途中我遇到过很多人，但仍记得这次经历，这表明一个简单的举动能产生深远影响。A. brave勇敢的；B. simple简单的；C. timely及时的；D. firm坚定的。与上文提到的“give flowers”的简单行为对应，即陌生人给了作者花，这是一个简单的行为。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当回忆此事，世界似乎更明亮了。A. smaller更小的；B. richer更丰富的；C. safer更安全的；D. brighter更明亮的。由上文“The flowers made my day, and every time I think back to it, the world seems a bit”可知，陌生人给作者花这件小事让作者感到很温暖，感到世界更美好，故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huangshan-based lacquerware (漆器) artisan Gan Erke has devoted his life to reviving (复兴) ancient lacquer techniques. His journey began at a local arts and crafts factory, ____36____ he noticed a gap between traditional Chinese lacquerware and modern global standards. This led him to revive the nearly lost rhinoceros leather (xi pi) lacquer technique, ____37____ (inspire) by a brief description in a Ming Dynasty text. After years of ____38____ (trial), he successfully recreated and enhanced the technique. By applying gold and increasing layers from six to up to 102, he managed to achieve greater depth and movement, ____39____ (invent) artworks with extraordinary visual effects, which revolutionized the traditional craft. One of his ____40____ (influence) works is a round box with complex rhinoceros leather patterns. The surface is polished to ____41____ artfully mirror-like finish reflecting light beautifully. Another example is a tea container, to which Gan applied the same high standards, ensuring perfect polish both inside and out. Each piece takes over a year ____42____ (complete), as Gan aims for perfection. Gan’s works have earned ____43____ (recognize) at home and abroad. In 2011 one of his rhinoceros leather lacquered round boxes ____44____ (add) to the permanent collection at Beijing’s Palace Museum. Major museums _____45_____ the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the US have also acquired his pieces. 【答案】36. where 37. inspired 38. trials 39. inventing 40. influential 41. an 42. to complete 43. recognition 44. was added 45. like 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了黄山漆器工匠甘而可致力于复兴古代漆器工艺，他受明代文献启发，复兴犀皮漆工艺，经过多年试验对其改进，他的作品视觉效果非凡，部分作品在国内外获得认可，被多家知名博物馆收藏。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他的旅程始于当地一家工艺美术厂，在那里他注意到中国传统漆器与现代国际标准之间存在差距。先行词是“a local arts and crafts factory”表示地点且从句缺地点状语时，要用关系副词 where 引导。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这促使他复兴了几乎失传的犀皮漆工艺，他受到一篇明代文献中简短描述的启发。此处为非谓语动词作状语，“he”和 “inspire”之间是被动关系，即“他被启发”，过去分词作状语表被动。故填inspired。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：经过多年的试验，他成功重现并改进了这项工艺，他创造出具有非凡视觉效果的艺术品，彻底改变了传统工艺。“years of” 表示“多年的”，其后的可数名词要用复数形式，来表示多年里进行的多次试验。故填trials。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：经过多年的试验，他成功重现并改进了这项工艺，他创造出具有非凡视觉效果的艺术品，彻底改变了传统工艺。此处为非谓语动词作状语，“he”和“invent”之间是主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词作形式。故填inventing。 【40题详解】 考查词形容词。句意：他最具影响力的作品之一是一个带有复杂犀皮图案的圆盒。“works” 是名词，前面需要用形容词修饰。“influence”是名词，其形容词形式“influential”表示 “有影响力的”，用来修饰名词 “works”。故填influential。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：表面被打磨成一种巧妙的镜面效果，能美妙地反射光线。“finish”在这里是可数名词，表泛指，所以使用不定冠词，“artfully”发音以元音音素开头，不定冠词 an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前，表 “一个，一种”。故填an 【42题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：每一件作品都需要一年多的时间才能完成，因为甘而可追求完美。此处为固定用法“take + 时间 + to do sth.” 表示“花费时间做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to complete。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：甘而可的作品在国内外赢得了认可。“earn”是及物动词，后接名词作宾语。“recognize”是动词，其名词形式 “recognition”表示“认可”，作“earn”的宾语。故填 recognition。 【44题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：2011 年，他的一个犀皮漆圆盒被列入北京故宫博物院的永久收藏。根据时间状语“in 2011”可知用一般过去时，主语和谓语是被动关系，一般过去时的被动语态结构是“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用was added。故填was added 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：像大英博物馆和美国大都会艺术博物馆这样的大型博物馆也收藏了他的作品。“the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the US” 是对 “Major museums” 的举例说明。 “like”作为介词，有“像，例如”的意思 ，用于举例。故填like 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是红星中学的学生李华，上周日你校举办了“急救知识进校园（First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus）”的活动。请您为校英文报写一篇英文报道，内容包括： 1.活动的过程； 2.活动影响 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To promote students awareness of emergency response skills, our school organized an enriching event with the theme of First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus. The event kicked off with informative presentations by medical professionals, presenting basic first aid techniques such as CPR and wound care. What followed was interactive hands -on workshops where students learned how to handle emergency situations. What pushed the event to the climax was a summary by our principal, impressing upon us the significance of knowledge of first aid skills. This initiative was educational and rewarding. Not only does it equip us students with valuable lifesaving skills, but it also raises awareness of the importance of prompt first aid. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生为校英文报写一篇英文报道，介绍上周日学校举办的“急救知识进校园（First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus）”活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 促进，提升：promote→advance 提供有用信息的，教育性的：informative→enlightening 处理：handle→deal with 倡议，新方案：initiative→proposal 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：Not only does it equip us students with valuable lifesaving skills, but it also raises awareness of the importance of prompt first aid. 拓展句：It not only provides us students with valuable lifesaving skills but also makes us more aware of the significance of prompt first aid. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】The event kicked off with informative presentations by medical professionals, presenting basic first aid techniques such as CPR and wound care.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型 2】What followed was interactive hands-on workshops where students learned how to handle emergency situations.（运用了 what 引导的主语从句和 where 引导的定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The crowd roared as I took off from the starting line in The Big Race. Through the cheers, I heard Mom shouting, “Run, Sammy, run!” I knew without looking that she was smiling from ear to ear and clapping her hands for me. I kept my eyes straight ahead running as fast as I could. “Run, run, run,” I chanted to myself in my mind as I passed my friend Justin. I saw Justin’s red face out of the corner of my eye and wondered if my own face was that red too? “Run, run, run.” I was on fire, passing Sarah, leaving her in my dust. The coach was waiting for me at the finish line.holding the medal,for the fastest runner in kindergarten. I would wear that blue and white ribbon around my neck when we go out for ice cream to celebrate and then hang it in my room. Last night I took the collection of caps off the hook on my wall leaving it ready for my shiny new medal .I couldn’t wait to see it every day when I woke up. Dad was there in the crowd also and would pick me up and put me on his shoulders to carry around. “My son!” He would tell the other fathers, “My son won the race!” I was going to win! Faster than Sarah, I came up behind Mikey, giving my legs that extra burst of energy to pass him by. The winner, Sammy! All that running in the park was worth it! Just as I heard the roar of the crowd welcoming me to the finish line,I saw a blur out of the corner of my eye.What?There was Justin with his tomato cheeks running as fast as humanly possible,huffing and puffing like he was going to blow the house down.And then he was ir front of me.I was behind tomato face Justin.Crossing the finish line,I heard the voice over the loudspeaker boom,“Congratulations to the winner,Justin!" Congratulations to Justin? Congratulations to Justin. 注意： (1)所续写短文词数应为150左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stood there frozen as Justin was handed his medal. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, strong hands lifted me onto Dad’s shoulders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 I stood there frozen as Justin was handed his medal. My chest tightened, and tears blurred my vision. Mom rushed over, wrapping her arms around me. “You did an amazing job, Sammy!” she whispered. Justin glanced at me, his tomato cheeks now softened into a shy smile. “You were so fast,” he said, offering a high-five. Hesitating, I slapped his hand weakly. The coach approached, placing a hand on my shoulder. “Second place is still a victory,” he said. I stared at the empty hook on my wall, imagining the medal that wouldn’t hang there. Dad stood silently nearby, his eyes filled with pride mixed with concern. Suddenly, strong hands lifted me onto Dad’s shoulders. “Look around, champ,” he said. The crowd was cheering wildly — not just for Justin, but for every runner. “Winning isn’t about medals,” Dad continued. “It’s about pushing your limits.” From that height, I saw Sarah hugging her mom and Mikey laughing with friends. Justin waved at me, his medal glinting. I took a deep breath and clapped along with the crowd. Later, as we ate ice cream, Mom said, “Next year, that hook will be ready again.” I nodded, realizing the race had taught me something brighter than a ribbon. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加赛跑比赛，结果朋友贾斯汀却获胜了，作者十分难过。好在朋友获奖后安慰了作者，父亲也开导了作者，让作者明白了比赛的意义在于挑战自我。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“贾斯汀被授予奖章时，我站在那里惊呆了”可知，第一段可描写作者和贾斯汀的对话以及朋友安慰作者。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然，一双有力的手把我扶到了爸爸的肩膀上”可知，第二段可描写父亲开导作者以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：朋友获奖——感到难过——朋友安慰——父亲开导——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①靠近：approach/get close to ②放置：place/put ③意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①担心：concern/worry ②害羞：shy/ bashful 【点睛】[高分句型1] The coach approached, placing a hand on my shoulder. (由现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Later, as we ate ice cream, Mom said, “Next year, that hook will be ready again.”(由as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二年级下学期英语学科阶段性测试 英语试题 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the man meet Zara? A. At 4:45. B. At 5:15. C. At 5:45. 2. What will the woman probably do? A. Change her route. B. Avoid Kent Street. C. Take a short cut. 3. What does the woman think of the man? A. Artistic. B. Intelligent. C. Sociable. 4. What does the man do? A. A salesman. B. A tailor. C. A model. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A song. B. A movie. C. A singer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What day is it today? A. Friday. B. Tuesday. C. Monday. 7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Customer and receptionist. C. Chef and assistant. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What will the woman prepare for the man? A. Water. B. Sports drinks. C. Energy bars. 9. What is the man’s concern about the marathon? A. The weather. B. His injury. C. The distance. 10. What does the woman advise the man to do at last? A. Listen to his body. B. Quit the race. C. Finish the whole race. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Which country will the man visit? A. Japan. B. Korea. C. Singapore. 12. How does the man plan to get air tickets? A. By paying 3,000 pounds for them. B. By exchanging his air miles for tickets. C. By asking the travel agency to buy them. 13. How does the woman sound at last? A. Satisfied. B. Concerned. C. Annoyed. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the main reason for Claire to choose SNU? A. It is one of the top universities. B. It allows her to be independent. C. It offers summer work projects. 15. What did the Indian project involve? A. Constructing country roads. B. Selling agricultural produce. C. Planning the best trade routes. 16. What does Claire think about the summer program experience? A. It’s physically challenging. B. It’s a chance to explore a new place. C. It enables her to apply theory to practice. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Introducing tourist spots. B. Reviewing a book. C. Hosting a program. 18. What will the highest temperature be on Thursday? A. Around 15℃. B. Around 10℃. C. Around 7℃. 19. Why did the Frenchman make the trip? A. To enjoy the view of Europe. B. To become a popular blogger. C. To collect funds for charity causes. 20 Who wrote the new recipe book? A. A man from Paris. B. Some school children. C. Some canteen staff 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Sellman Plantation is made up of 500 acres (英亩) of farmland and the historic Sellman House. The area is full of history just waiting to be explored, and that is exactly what volunteer scientists are doing as part of several active archaeology (考古) projects at the plantation. The Archaeology Lab is staffed entirely by volunteers and college students. We encourage anyone who is interested to get in touch with us. As a volunteer, you’ll have the opportunity to: ●dig in areas that scientists think contain objects that show how the local people lived. ●sort soil through big screens to find small items like old pipes, nails, and Indian artifacts (器物). ●smooth the units to reveal color and texture patterns that provide evidence of how the land was used. ●wash and identify recovered artifacts. If you are interested in regularly volunteering, we encourage you to consider creating your own research project. You can: ●develop original research questions. ●create procedures to answer those questions. ●do the research with support from assistant volunteer scientists. ●write reports about the methods and findings. Age and time commitment Minimum age is 16. Minimum time commitment is three 3-hour visits. Days/times The lab is active on Wednesdays from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., but volunteers don’t need to stay the entire day. To sign up or for more information Contact Rachael Mady, SERC Participatory Science Coordinator, at MadyR@si.edu or 443-482-2276. 1. What can volunteers do at the Archaeology Lab? A. Classify ancient documents. B. Uncover historical artifacts. C. Interview research assistants. D. Organize public exhibitions. 2 What is an essential requirement for volunteering at the lab? A. Being at least 16 years old. B. Staying for the entire 6-hour workday. C. Participating every Wednesday. D. Writing reports on archaeological findings. 3. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To promote tourism at Sellman Plantation. B. To train scientists in advanced techniques. C. To seek volunteers for historical studies. D. To explain the history of the Sellman House. B Like a lot of Canadians, Andrew Suboch grew up knowing little about Canada’s national game — lacrosse(曲棍球), other than watching some neighbours pass a ball using old wooden sticks. It was only when his two children started playing the game as part of their training for hockey (冰球) that he took much notice. His son, Jack, went on to excel at lacrosse and he now plays for the Vancouver Warriors of the National Lacrosse League. Both children came up through the Mimico Minor Lacrosse organization, in the Toronto area, which has been around since 1890. When the number of players in the kids’ league began falling in 2014, Mr. Suboch, who is a personal injury lawyer in Toronto, volunteered to step in. He offered to sponsor the “Baby Peanut” program, which introduced children ages 3 and 4 to the game. Thanks to his sponsorship, more than 100 children play for free each spring for eight weeks. They spend an hour every Saturday learning the game and every player is given a lightweight stick and a shirt. “They are taught to catch, throw, pass and shoot in a non-contact environment,” he said. “You get them running around. Get them away from the screen. It is our national game, so you get them exposed. And sure enough, they caught on.” To fund the program, Mr. Suboch came up with a novel idea. He started searching his neighbourhood for used appliances, metal and electronic items, such as computers and cellphones. He sorted the material and sold it to a local recycling centre. “Word has gotten out, so people now will give me their used electronics and metal stuff,” he said. The recycling effort raises around $20,000 annually, which covers the cost of the lacrosse program. Mr. Suboch said watching the kids play has given him a lot of satisfaction and joy. Not only is far less junk going to landfill sites, he said, but “we’ve also got kids who are not in front of a screen.” 4. Why did Andrew start sponsoring the “Baby Peanut” program? A. His son asked him to support the game. B. The kids’ league faced declining participation. C. He wanted to promote his own law firm. D. He hoped to popularize a hockey organization. 5. What does the underlined phrase “caught on” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Learned the rules. B. Got injured. C. Attracted donations. D. Became interested. 6. How did Andrew obtain funds for the lacrosse program? A. By organizing charity matches. B. By collecting and selling used items. C. By charging participation fees. D. By raising money from the community. 7. What can we learn about the program’s impact? A. It reduced screen time for children. B. It increased waste sent to landfills. C. It made lacrosse popular worldwide. D. It created jobs for the local residents. C Writer Chloe Dalton discovered an unexpected teacher in nature when a damaged internet cable, chewed by a brown hare (野兔) in her countryside home, brought not annoyance but concern for the animal. This marked a significant shift for Dalton, whose book Raising Hare records her relationship with a hare she rescued in early 2021. She discovered a newborn hare near her house, unguarded by a nest or its mother. At first, she left it, hot wanting to disturb nature’s course. But when she returned hours later to find the hare still there, exposed to the rough weather and potential enemies, she nervously took it home, without any knowledge of hare care. She carefully fed it milk with a dropper. While there was plenty of rabbit advice online, hares were still mysterious. Refusing to domesticate the hare, Dalton let it move freely in her home, adjusting her busy life to match its habits. Its simple life reshaped her view: “If I could get this much pleasure from something so simple,” she reflects, “what else might be waiting to be discovered?” Their life together ended the strong focus on her busy life and brought a greater awareness of the environment. In her book, Dalton gives historical context on the human-hare relationship and illustrates how horribly hares have often been treated. The brown hare population in Britain has declined 80 percent in the past century due to hunting and agriculture. The story provides a peaceful feeling with its delicate illustrations, but Dalton avoids idealizing nature, recognizing humans’ influence on animals. Animal encounter books are common, and the good ones act like peaceful countryside escapes. We already understand the basic outlines even without reading books with similar themes — Catherine Raven’s Fox & I and Helen Macdonald’s H Is for Hawk. But Dalton’s weak animal is much lower on the food chain, adding more suspense to Raising Hare: Will the small creature survive until the story ends? Dalton’s journey with her “weak companion” offers a reminder that healing (疗愈) often comes not from control, but from adjusting to nature. 8. What prevented Dalton from immediately rescuing the hare? A. Respect for nature. B. Lack of feeding knowledge. C. Attack from its enemies. D. Advice from conservationists. 9. How did the hare influence Dalton’s daily life? A. By damaging her home facilities. B. By reminding her to focus on writing. C. By requiring her constant care. D. By inspiring her to live a slow-paced life. 10. What distinguishes Raising Hare from other animal stories? A. Its description of idealized nature. B. Its delicate illustrations of the hare. C. Its stimulation of readers’ tension. D. Its focus on the knowledge of the hare. 11. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A short story. C. A research paper. D. A book review. D A wheeled robot rolls across the floor. A soft-bodied robotic star bends its five legs, moving awkwardly. Powered by conventional electricity via plug or battery, these simple robotic creations would be unremarkable, but what sets these two robots apart is that they are controlled by a living entity (实体) : a king oyster mushroom. By growing the mushroom’s mycelium (菌丝体) into the robot’s hardware, a team led by Cornell University researchers has engineered two types of robots that sense and respond to the environment by using electrical signals made by the mushroom and its sensitivity to light. The robots are the latest accomplishment of scientists in a field known as biohybrid robotics who seek to combine biological, living materials such as plant and animal cells or insects with artificial components to make partly living and partly engineered entities. There’s still a long way to go before biohybrid robots go beyond the lab but researchers hope one day robot jellyfish may explore oceans, sperm-powered robots may be able to deliver fertility (肥沃) treatments and cyborg cockroaches could search for survivors in the wake of an earthquake. “Biohybridization is an attempt to find components in the biological world that we can use, understand, and control to help our artificial systems work better,” said Shepherd, a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at Cornell University. The team began by growing king oyster mushrooms in the lab from a simple kit ordered online. The researchers chose this species of mushroom because it grows easily and quickly. They cultivated (培育) the mushroom’s mycelium, which can form networks that, according to the study, can sense, communicate and transport nutrients. The team found it challenging to engineer a system that could detect and use the small electrical signals from the mycelia to command the robot. “You have to make sure that your electrode (电极) touches in the right position because the mycelia are very thin,” said lead author Anand Mishra. “Then you culture them, and when the mycelia start growing, they wrap around the electrode.” 12. What is special about the two robots in the first paragraph? A. They can control living creatures. B. They can make various movements. C. They are powered by king oyster mushrooms. D. They are partly mushroom and partly machine. 13. What does the author want to show by giving the examples in paragraph 4? A. The future possibilities of biohybrid robots. B. The seriousness of the environmental issues. C. The limitations of biohybrid robots beyond the lab. D. The advantages of biohybrid robots over conventional ones. 14. What did the team find difficult when engineering the robots? A. Wrapping the electrode with the mycelia. B. Arranging the electrode in the right order. C. Developing a system to cultivate the mycelia. D. Positioning the electrode accurately on the mycelia. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. When Nature Meets Technology B. How Technology Transforms Nature C. King Oyster Mushrooms: the Magic of Nature D. Biohybrid Robotics: the Key to Social Development 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Motivating yourself is hard. If you’ve ever failed to reach an attainable goal because of delay or lack of commitment, I encourage you to read on. ____16____ Any goals you set for yourself should be specific. Studies have shown, for example, that when individuals make daily exercise commitments, they’re more likely to increase their fitness levels. ____17____ For instance, “walking 10,000 steps a day” is much better than “doing your best”. Some tasks are extremely challenging. In such cases, it can be helpful to create external motivators for yourself over the short-to-medium term. You might promise yourself a vacation for finishing a project or buy yourself a gift for losing weight. ____18____ For instance, rewarding weight loss with junk food sets back progress. When people work towards a goal, they usually start with strong motivation but then their effort decreases in the middle, when they are most likely to stop. ____19____ If you divide your goal into smaller steps, like setting weekly instead of three-month targets, you’ll have less time to fall into that unwanted decline. ____20____ The people who will best motivate you to accomplish certain tasks are not necessarily those who do the tasks well. Instead, they’re folks who share a big-picture goal with you. Thinking of those people and our desire to succeed on their behalf can help provide the powerful motivation we need to reach our goals. A woman may find boring work rewarding if she feels she is providing an example for her daughter. A. These approaches can help drive you forward. B. As social beings, we can use social influence wisely. C. But external rewards can backfire if mismatched with goals. D. Luckily, shortening the middle can help change this pattern. E. Concrete tasks are usually more effective than abstract ambitions. F. Support from loved ones can turn boring tasks into meaningful acts. G. Research has uncovered several ways to help you design smart rewards. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s quite common that when a stranger is kind to us while travelling, it’s obvious that the favour cannot be returned. Soon, we will be physically ____21____ and lost to each other forever. It’s an ____22____ with no past and likely no future. Yet, there are ____23____. I still remember a family trip to a scenic spot in Georgia. Several ladies were taking pictures there, one of whom was ____24____ with a bunch of flowers. I truly liked them, and went up to her, saying how lovely they were. Immediately, she ____25____ to give me the flowers to take a picture with. I smiled ____26____ as my mom took out her camera. Yet this stranger’s kindness didn’t end there: the woman insisted that I ____27____ the flowers — she saw that they ____28____ my happiness. People usually receive flowers from loved ones, and it’s so ____29____ to receive them from a stranger! The flowers gradually withered (枯萎) away, but the ______30______ will stay with me forever. This small gift became a powerful ______31______ of the goodness that people can ______32______ to others. I ______33______ a lot of people on that trip, but I still remember this experience, which shows that a ______34______ action can go a long way. The flowers made my day, and every time I think back to it, the world seems a bit ______35______. 21. A. restless B. active C. helpless D. distant 22. A. encounter B. assumption C. achievement D. inspiration 23. A. alternatives B. doubts C. exceptions D. rules 24. A. running B. posing C. painting D. performing 25. A. resolved B. hesitated C. offered D. agreed 26. A. joyfully B. awkwardly C. nervously D. secretly 27 A. purchase B. keep C. throw D. deliver 28. A. took away B. put out C. contributed to D. stood for 29. A. stressful B. natural C. odd D. precious 30. A. lesson B. memory C. wisdom D. friendship 31. A. shadow B. feature C. reminder D. purpose 32. A. award B. introduce C. lend D. show 33. A. passed B. supported C. missed D. changed 34. A. brave B. simple C. timely D. firm 35. A. smaller B. richer C. safer D. brighter 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huangshan-based lacquerware (漆器) artisan Gan Erke has devoted his life to reviving (复兴) ancient lacquer techniques. His journey began at a local arts and crafts factory, ____36____ he noticed a gap between traditional Chinese lacquerware and modern global standards. This led him to revive the nearly lost rhinoceros leather (xi pi) lacquer technique, ____37____ (inspire) by a brief description in a Ming Dynasty text. After years of ____38____ (trial), he successfully recreated and enhanced the technique. By applying gold and increasing layers from six to up to 102, he managed to achieve greater depth and movement, ____39____ (invent) artworks with extraordinary visual effects, which revolutionized the traditional craft. One of his ____40____ (influence) works is a round box with complex rhinoceros leather patterns. The surface is polished to ____41____ artfully mirror-like finish, reflecting light beautifully. Another example is a tea container, to which Gan applied the same high standards, ensuring perfect polish both inside and out. Each piece takes over a year ____42____ (complete), as Gan aims for perfection. Gan’s works have earned ____43____ (recognize) at home and abroad. In 2011, one of his rhinoceros leather lacquered round boxes ____44____ (add) to the permanent collection at Beijing’s Palace Museum. Major museums _____45_____ the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the US have also acquired his pieces. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是红星中学的学生李华，上周日你校举办了“急救知识进校园（First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus）”的活动。请您为校英文报写一篇英文报道，内容包括： 1.活动的过程； 2.活动影响 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The crowd roared as I took off from the starting line in The Big Race. Through the cheers, I heard Mom shouting, “Run, Sammy, run!” I knew without looking that she was smiling from ear to ear and clapping her hands for me. I kept my eyes straight ahead running as fast as I could. “Run, run, run,” I chanted to myself in my mind as I passed my friend Justin. I saw Justin’s red face out of the corner of my eye and wondered if my own face was that red too? “Run, run, run.” I was on fire, passing Sarah, leaving her in my dust. The coach was waiting for me at the finish line.holding the medal,for the fastest runner in kindergarten. I would wear that blue and white ribbon around my neck when we go out for ice cream to celebrate and then hang it in my room. Last night I took the collection of caps off the hook on my wall leaving it ready for my shiny new medal .I couldn’t wait to see it every day when I woke up. Dad was there in the crowd also and would pick me up and put me on his shoulders to carry around. “My son!” He would tell the other fathers, “My son won the race!” I was going to win! Faster than Sarah, I came up behind Mikey, giving my legs that extra burst of energy to pass him by. The winner, Sammy! All that running in the park was worth it! Just as I heard the roar of the crowd welcoming me to the finish line,I saw a blur out of the corner of my eye.What?There was Justin with his tomato cheeks running as fast as humanly possible,huffing and puffing like he was going to blow the house down.And then he was ir front of me.I was behind tomato face Justin.Crossing the finish line,I heard the voice over the loudspeaker boom,“Congratulations to the winner,Justin!" Congratulations to Justin? Congratulations to Justin. 注意： (1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stood there frozen as Justin was handed his medal. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly strong hands lifted me onto Dad’s shoulders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$