专题04 名词性从句（考点串讲）-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（外研版2019）

专题04 名词性从句 01 02 主语从句 从属连词|连接代词|连接副词 宾语从句 从属连词|连接代词|连接副词 that 表语从句 从属连词|连接代词|连接副词 06 同位语从句 03 目录 目录 CONTENTS 1 引导词 名词 主语、宾语、表语、同位语 主语从句、 宾语从句、 表语从句、 同位语从句 名词性从句 释义 1 二.如何识别名词性从句？ 目录 CONTENTS 01 02 03 04 标题文本预设 此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示 （建议使用主题字体） 标题文本预设 此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示 （建议使用主题字体） 标题文本预设 此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示 （建议使用主题字体） 标题文本预设 此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示 （建议使用主题字体） 目录 1 主语从句 1 PART ONE 1 主语从句 The Subject Clause 定义：主语从句就是在复合句中作_________的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 主语 e.g. What he did in the earthquake moved everybody. 主语 谓语 宾语 从句 主语从句 名词性从句之一 Subject clauses 1 6 1. That/ whether 1. That I love English is real. 2. Whether the boy could win made me curious. Conclusion1:引导主语从句的从属连词有： that在句中 （有/无）含义， （充当/不充当）句子成 分， （可/不可）省略。 Whether意思是“ ”， (充当/不充当）句子成分。当主语从句在句首时，whether一般 （能/不能）被if替换。 无 不充当 不可 不充当 是否 不能 Subject clauses 1 7 2. What/ who/ which/ whoever… 1. What the refugees have gone through is beyond our imagination. 2. Who would get the opportunity to travel to Beijing is unknown. 3. Which student would be the volunteer is not clear. 4. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Conclusion2: 引导主语从句的连接代词主要有：谁“ ”、无论谁“ ”什么“ ”无论什么“ ”、谁的“ ”、哪一个“ ”；在句中可以充当 、 、表语、 。 who whoever what whatever whose which 主语 宾语 定语 Subject clauses 1 8 3. When/ how/ why/ where 1. When we will leave hasn't been decided. 2. How she keeps healthy is a secret. 3. Why he cries is not clear. 4. Where the meeting will be held is not known. Conclusion3: 引导主语从句的连接副词，在句中做“ ”。主要包括：怎么样“ ”，为什么“ ”在/去什么地方“ ”，什么时候“ ”。 状语 how why where when Subject clauses 1 注意： 疑问词+ever 也可引导主语从句，但不含疑问， 往往含有强调作用，意思是“无论…” 如： whoever 无论谁 whatever 无论什么 whichever 无论哪个 whenever 无论什么时候 wherever 无论哪里 …… 它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略， 语序为陈述语序 Subject clauses 目录 CONTENTS 01 02 03 04 标题文本预设 此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示 （建议使用主题字体） 标题文本预设 此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示 （建议使用主题字体） 标题文本预设 此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示 （建议使用主题字体） 标题文本预设 此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示 （建议使用主题字体） 目录 1 “疑问词＋-ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句 ·Whatever arouses his interest can be found in the school library. 无论什么引起了他的兴趣，都可以在学校图书馆中找到。（Whatever引导主语从句） ·Eat either cake you like and leave the other for whoever comes late. 你吃一块蛋糕，将剩下的留给来晚的人。（whoever引导宾语从句） ·You can take whichever seat you like. 无论你想坐哪个座位都可以。（whichever引导宾语从句） ③“特殊疑问词＋-ever”不可与“no matter＋特殊疑问词”互换的情形 whatever，whoever和whichever除了引导让步状语从句外，还可引导名词性从句，此时不可与no matter what，no matter who和no matter which互换。 Subject clauses 1 10 主语从句太长怎么办？ That all countries work together is important. 用一个 It 来解决问题！ It is important that all countries work together. 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子 结构平衡,★主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象,用it做____________，而把从句放在后面充当_____________。 真正的主语 形式主语 Subject clauses 1 It作形式主语 1. That the earth moves around the sun is well known. = It is well known that the earth moves around the sun. 2. That she has made such a mistake is a pity . = It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 3. Whether he'll come here isn't clear.   = It isn't clear whether/if he'll come here. 注意：主语从句位于句首时, 不能用if 引导, 主语从句后置时, 才可以用if引导。 用一个 It 来解决问题！ Subject clauses 1 13 It作形式主语 (1) It +be+形容词（obvious, true, surprising, wonderful, possible, likely, certain) +that 从句 (2) It + be +过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, suggested等)+that从句 (3) It + be +名词词组(a pity, a shame, good news, an honor, no wonder等)+that从句 (4)It+不及物动词/动词短语(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to等)+that 从句 (5) It is necessary/important等 + that(should) do It is suggested/ordered等 + that (should) do 接虚拟语气 Subject clauses 1 分析句子成分 缺主宾 表定 缺状语 用连接代词 用连接副词 根据语意缺什么补什么都不缺用that或whether 主语从句的引导词 类别 连接词 说明 从属连词 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用； 连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。 that，whether who，what，which，whoever，whatever等 when，where，how，why whether 表“是否”，不省略 that无实义， Subject clauses 1 dc086... text has been truncated due to evaluation version limitation. 14 宾语从句 2 PART TWO 1 1.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句 I don't know when he will come. She always thinks of how she can work well. 2.主语 + 谓语 + 介词 + 宾语从句 3.主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 + 宾语从句 I am sorry that I lost your book. 宾语从句 1 　　宾语从句连接词选择4要点： 1.如果宾语从句是个陈述句，就用连词that引导； 2.如果宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变来的，该从句可以用由原来引导特殊疑问句的疑问代词或疑问副词变来的连接代词或连接副词引导； 3.如宾语从句表示不肯定或疑问，如"是否"、"是不是"、"能否"等，就用连词if/whether来引导； 4.有的宾语从句表示"某人在某地、某时""做的事"、"说的话"、"想到的"、"记得的"等意思，就要用关系代词what来引导该从句，what本身既是引导词，又是从句中宾语。 1 宾语从句中常常后跟“should+动词原形”（should可省略）的动词： 1个“坚持”（insist）； 2个“命令”（order, command）； 3个“建议”（suggest, advise,recommend）； 4个“要求”（demand, desire,request,ask) 例：I suggest that he __________(read) English newspapers. (should)read 1 作“是否”的意思讲时，在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if： 1. 引导主语从句并在句首时； 2. 引导表语从句时； 3. 引导从句作介词宾语时；  4. 连词后紧接“or not”时，但若分开时也可以用if； 5. 后接动词不定式时。 if 和 whether 引导宾语从句时的辨析 1 2) whether \ if 的区别 1.Please tell me __________you will go to the lectures tomorrow. 2.It all depends on ________the sky will clear up. 3.The question is ________the film is well worth seeing. 4._________he will be well tomorrow I’m not sure. 5.___________it is true remains a problem. if/whether whether whether Whether Whether 1 1.that引导多个并列的宾从中只能省略第一个that，其余的都不能省； People say (that) I'm crazy and that I am blind. 2.that引导动宾从，在口语中常可省略,但引导介宾从、主从、表从、同从时一般不能省略。 That she will win the match is certain. 3.that 引导宾从后置，用形式宾语it代替时不能省； China has made it clear to the world that it is strongly against terrorism. 4.名词性从句本身为复合句且复合句在主句前时，that 不能省略。 He said that if I went there, he would go too. that 不可省略的情况 1 表语从句 3 PART THREE 1 23 系动词+表语从句 常见系动词巧记口诀: 1“be” （am, is, are）； 2“像” （seem, appear）； 3“保持” （keep, stay, remain）； 5个“变化”(become, turn, grow, go, get)； 5个“来” （sound, smell, taste, feel, look） 1 Read the following groups of sentences, do the summary. Group 1: 1. The trouble is that I have lost his address. 2. What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning. Summary: 1.连接词that在从句中只起到连接作用，不作任何成分。2.连接词whether起连接作用，意为“___________________”，在句中不作任何成分。 是否；究竟；到底 1 Group 2: 1. The problem is who we can get to replace her. 2. Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are what you eat. 3. The question is how he did it.4. Their difficulty is where they can raise enough money. Summary: 1.连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever在表语从句中充当___________________。2.连接副词where，when，how，why在表语从句中充当________________________。 主语、宾语或定语 状语 1 【语法精讲】表语从句是指一个句子作为表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。含有表语从句的一般结构为“主语+系动词+关联词+表语从句”。 1）可接表语从句的系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear 等。 例如：It seems as if it were spring already. 2）引导表语从句的常见关联词有连接代词who, which, whatever 等，连接副词 how, why, whenever 等，从属连词as, that, whether 等。例如：a.The problem is who we can get to replace her.b.The problem is how we can find him.c.The fact is that we have no idea to solve this problem.d.The question is whether they will help us. 3）引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。例如：The trouble is (that) he is ill. 1 在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句的引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后。 基本结构：主语+系动词+引导词+表语从句。 表语从句的引导词： 从属连词 as if, as though, because, that, whether, as 连接代词 who， whom， whose， what， which， whoever， whatever， whichever等 连接副词 where， when， how， why等 表语从句 名词性从句之一 1 1.从属连词引导的表语从句 The reason for my lateness is that I missed my bus. 我迟到的原因是没赶上公共汽车。 One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like restaurants and grocery stores. 她偏爱城市生活的一个原因是她可以很容易地到餐馆和超级市场之类的地方。 My question is whether we can raise enough money. 我的问题是我们能否筹集到足够的钱。 1 This is because he didn't attend the class the other day. 这是因为他前几天没有上课。 When put half in the water, the chopstick looks as if it were broken. 把筷子放一半在水中时，它看起来像是断了一样。 He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还和十年前一样。 1 2.连接代词引导的表语从句 “A good night's sleep is what you want,” he said firmly. “好好睡上一晚才是你想要的。”他坚定地说。 The question is who will offer to help. 问题是谁愿意主动提供帮助。 What concerns parents most is which activity benefits the children most. 家长最担心的是哪种活动对孩子们最有益。 The issue is whose design is popular with most students. 问题是谁的设计受大多数学生的欢迎。 1 3.连接副词引导的表语从句 True knowledge is when one knows the limitations of one's knowledge.知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。 Misfortune, that is where happiness depends;happiness, that is where misfortune underlies. 祸兮，福之所倚；福兮，祸之所伏。 That was how he managed to solve the problem. 那就是他成功解决问题的方式。 That is why he tried his best to get in touch with you. 那就是他尽最大努力和你取得联系的原因。 1 温馨提示 注意点 例句 引导表语从句的that，不作 任何成分，但不能省略 What excited me most was that we finished our work ahead of time. 最令我兴奋的是我们提前完成了工作。 可接表语从句的连系动词 有be、seem、look、taste等 It seems that he doesn't agree with us. 他似乎不同意我们的看法。 表示命令、请求、建议的 词作主语时，表语从句中 的谓语动词用“should+动词 原形”，should可以省略 My suggestion is that they （should） make a plan before they start the project. 我的建议是在他们开始这个项目前要制订一个计划。 1 1. The news that our Women Volleyball Team has won the game is exciting. 2. Word came that our Women Volleyball Team has won the game. 【简析】 这两句均为同位语从句，特征是说明其前面名词的具体内容。其中第二句出现了“分割现象”——名词和同位语从句被谓语动词等分割开来。同位语从句通常由that引导，也可根据需要用到其他一些连接词。 Part4 同位语从句 1 advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word… 【知识拓展七】常见的同位语从句前的抽象名词 1 针对训练 1 【解析】how。figured out后接宾语从句， 空格后为形容词或副词时一般用 how。 1. As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. （2015·全国卷II，语法填空） 【高考链接】 1 【高考链接】 2. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. 【解析】that. 同位语从句说明 suggestion 的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用 that引导，that 不作成分，只是起着连接的作用。 1 【高考链接】 3. _____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 【解析】How. 在谓语动词 has 之前，为主语从句。 主语从句中主谓宾齐全，但从意义上来讲句意不完整，how在此处作方式状语，意为“如何；怎样”。 1 单句语法填空 1. The trouble is _____ I can't find my way. that 2. Without his support， we wouldn't be ___________ we are now. where/what 3. This is ______ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. what 4. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _____ we arrived. how 5. He got caught in the heavy traffic. That was _____ he was late. why 1 单句语法填空 6. Energy is ______ makes things work. what 7. We didn't set out; it was ________ we wanted to wait until our mother came back. because 8. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____ one can be entirely free from dust. that 9. It sounds____________ someone is knocking at the door. as if/though 10. What cost him his life was _____ he was too careless. that 1 完成句子 1. 上次我们玩得很开心是我们参观水上公园的时候。 The last time we had great fun was ___________________________________. when we were visiting the water park 2. 他生病了。那就是他昨天没来的原因。 He was ill. That is ___________________ yesterday. why he didn't come 3. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。 The pair of scissors is not ____________. what I need 4. 他考试失败的原因是他太懒了。 The reason why he failed the exam is ____________________. that he was too lazy 5. 问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。 The problem is _________________________ we need. how we can get the things 1 语篇填空 Many people like drinking bottled water. The reasons vary from one person to another. One of the reasons is 1._____ some people think it is healthy and clean. Others drink bottledwater because it's convenient—you can carry it around with you. In hot countries, summer is often 2.______ people buy bottles of cold water. However, the truth is 3._____ using lots of plastic bottles is not a good idea. First, oil is 4.______ we need a lot to make plastic products. If we reduce the number of bottles we use, we wouldn't need so much oil. Plastic bottles also pollute the earth, which is 5._______ we human beings live and work. That is 6._____ we shouldn't use so many plastic bottles. So next time you want to throw away a plastic bottle into a bin, stop and think. Reusing it will be 7._____ you will help the environment. Go green! The point of going green is 8._____ you can make a difference to the world. that when that what where why how that 1 Thank you! 目录 1 $$