Unit 6 Trees 重点词汇拓展（同步课件）英语新教材沪教版五四学制七年级下册

重点词汇讲解 Unit6 Trees 教师______ 学校______ 重点词汇 strange adj.奇怪的；奇特的；陌生的 The plant has a strange smell.这种植物有一种奇怪的气味。 This place feels strange to me.这个地方让我感觉很陌生。 She felt strange after eating the unusual fruit.吃了那种不寻常的水果后，她感觉不舒服。 【联想】stranger n.陌生人；外地人；新来者 Never share personal information with a stranger online.不要在网上与陌生人分享个人信息。 She felt like a stranger in her own hometown after being away for so many years.在离开这么多年后，她在自己的家乡感到像个外地人。 As a stranger to the village,she was welcomed with open arms.作为村里新来的人，她受到了热烈的欢迎。 thick adj.浓密的；茂密的 The forest was thick with trees,making it hard to see through.森林里树木茂密，几乎看不到里面。 【提示】thick还可指“厚的；粗的；浓的”等意思。 The ice on the pond was thick enough to walk on.池塘上的冰足够厚，可在上面行走。 The tree had thick branches that could support a person's weight.这棵树的树枝很粗，可以支撑一个人的重量。 The fog was so thick that we could hardly see the path.雾非常浓，我们几乎看不见路。 【联想】thicken v.(使)变厚，变浓，变稠 Add flour to thicken the sauce.加入面粉使酱汁变稠。 The fog began to thicken in the evening.傍晚时雾开始变浓。 He used a chair to block the door.他用椅子堵住了门。The car accident blocked the road.车祸堵住了道路。 【提示】block和block out都有“阻挡”的意思，但block指一般的阻挡或阻塞，而block out通常指完全遮挡光线或声音，或有意排除某种想法。 She used curtains to block out the sunlight.她用窗帘遮挡阳光。(完全遮挡) To block out the noise,she put on her headphones.为了排除噪音，她戴上了耳机。 He tried to block out the painful memories.他试图排除那些痛苦的记忆。 block除了作动词，还可作名词，意为"(方形平面)大块；立方体；大楼；街区”等。 He built a tower with wooden block s.他用木块搭建了一座塔。 During the hot summer day,they had a block of ice to cool off.在炎热的夏天，他们用大冰块来降温。 The building has four blocks,each with a different colour.这座建筑有四栋楼，每栋颜色都不同。 I live three blocks from the school.我住在离学校三个街区的地方。 block v.挡住；阻碍 There are almost no wild animals left in some areas due to overhunting.由于过度捕猎，在一些地区几乎没有野生动物了。 【提示】almost可用于表示接近某事物或某个状态、数量接近或程度接近。almost在句子中的位置比较灵活，可以放在动词、形容词、副词、数量词和否定词前。 He almost fell off the ladder.他差点从梯子上掉下来。(放在动词fell前，表示动作几乎发生了) The soup is almost ready.汤差不多好了。(放在形容词ready前，表示状态几乎达到了) She runs almost as fast as he does.她跑得几乎和他一样快。(放在副词短语as fast as前，表示程度几乎达到了) There are almost100students in the class.班上有近100个学生。(放在数量词100前，表示接近这个数量) He almost never goes to the gym.他几乎不去健身房。(放在否定词never前，表示频率几乎为零) almost adv.几乎；差不多 climate n.气候 The government is taking steps to fight climate change. 政府正在采取措施来应对气候变化。 【提示】辨析climate和weather: climate(气候):指一个地区在较长时间内的平均天气模式，包括气温、降水量等。气候是长期的，更加稳定。 weather(天气):指某一特定时间和地点的气象状况，包括温度、湿度、降水、风速等。天气是短期的，通常变化很快。 The weather today is sunny and warm.今天的天气晴朗温暖。 The climate is getting warmer every year.气候每年都在变暖。 nearly adv.几乎；差不多；将近 The movie is nearly two hours long.这部电影差不多有两个小时长。 【提示】辨析nearly和almost: nearly和 almost在许多情况下可以互换使用，表示“几乎”或“差不多”的意思，但它们之间有一些细微的区别： nearly通常用来表示非常接近某个数量或程度，强调接近完成或达到某个状态，给人一种更强烈的感觉，有时可以与精确的数字连用。 almost强调的是接近的程度，但不一定完全接近。almost使用更广泛，既可以用于具体的数量，也可以用于抽象概念，如表达情感、事件或状态等。 There are nearly50,000students in the university.大学里有将近五万名学生。 I almost forgot your birthday.我差点忘记了你的生日。注意：nearly通常不与否定词连用，但almost可以。 I nearly don't have any money.(×) I almost don't have any money.(√)我几乎没有钱。 This drink contains(=has)too much sugar. 这种饮料含有太多的糖。 The area contains(=includes)a variety of plant and animal species.该地区包含了多种动植物物种。 The box contains(=holds)all the tools you'll need for the project.这个盒子包含了你完成项目所需的所有工具。 【联想】container n.容器 The plant is in a decorative container on the balcony.植物放在阳台上的一个装饰性容器里。 contain v.包含；含有；容纳 She has worked as a volunteer at the local animal shelter for years.她在当地动物收容所做志愿者已经多年了。 The teacher asked for a volunteer to answer the question.老师询问谁愿意自告奋勇回答问题。 【提示】volunteer也可作动词，意为“自愿做；义务做；无偿做”。常见搭配有volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事),volunteer for sth.(自愿做某事),volunteer at someplace(在某个地方做志愿者),volunteer one's time(自愿贡献时间)。 She volunteered to help with the event.她自愿帮助这个活动。 The teacher asked if any students would like to volunteer for the after-school programme.老师询问是否有学生自愿参加课后项目。 They volunteer at the school club Friends of Trees.他们在学校社团“树木之友”做志愿者。 Many people volunteer their time to help others.许多人自愿贡献时间来帮助他人。 【联想】voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；主动的；自告奋勇的 The work at the shelter is voluntary.收容所的工作是自愿的。 Many people join voluntary organisations to help others.许多人加入志愿组织来帮助他人。 volunteer n.义务工作者；志愿者；自告奋勇者 They update the website every week.他们每周都会更新网站。 【提示】update作动词时，常用搭配有update sth.(to sth.)[更新某物(至某状态或版本)],update sb.on/about sth.(向某人告知最新情况或进展),update sth.with sth.(用某物更新某物),update sth.regularly(定期更新某物)。 I need to update my phone to the latest version.我需要将手机更新到最新版本。 I'll update you on/about the meeting details tomorrow.我将在明天通知你会议的细节。 They will update the website with new information.他们将会用新信息更新网站。 You should update your blog regularly to keep your audience engaged.你应该定期更新你的博客，让观众保持兴趣。 update除了作动词，还可作名词。意为“新信息；新情况；更新”。 I received an update about the meeting time.我收到了关于会议时间的更新。 The website will be down for updates this weekend.本周末网站将关闭进行更新。 update v.更新；向……提供最新信息 encourage v.支持；鼓励；激励 Friends encourage each other during difficult times. 朋友在困难时期互相鼓励。 【提示】encourage后常接动词不定式作宾语补足语，用法为encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事)。 Parents encourage their children to try new things. 父母鼓励孩子尝试新 事物。 encourage由前缀en-和courage构成。en-前缀通常表示“使……成为”或“赋予”,类似的构词还有rich-enrich(丰富),large-enlarge(扩大),able-enable(使能够),close-enclose(围住；附入),sure-ensure(确保；保证)。 wood n.木；木头 The fence is made of strong wood.这个栅栏是用坚固的木头做的。 【提示】wood通常是不可数名词，表示木材的整体或材料。如要表示一块木头，可以用a piece of wood。但wood作为森林或木材种类时可以加s。He likes to collect pieces of wood for his projects.他喜欢收集木头块用于他的项目。 There are many animals living in the woods.森林里生活着很多动物。 The different woods have unique colours.不同的木材有独特的颜色。 【联想】wooden adj.木制的；木头的 They built a wooden fence around the garden.他们在花园周围建了一个木栅栏。 fill v.(使)充满，装满，注满，填满 MayI fill your glass(=make your glass full)for you? 我可以为您斟满杯子吗? The smell of flowers filled the air.花香弥漫在空气中。 The crowd filled the street from one end to the other during the festival. 在节日期间，人群挤满了整条街道。 【提示】fill的常用搭配有fill sth.with sth.(用某物填充某物),fill in/out(填写),fill up(完全充满),be filled with(=be full of)(充满；装满)。 Please fill the glass with water.请把玻璃杯装满水。 Please fill in/out the form with your personal information. 请在表格中填写您的个人信息。 Fill up the tank with gas.把油箱加满。 The glass is filled with water.这个杯子装满了水。 The university has received a large number of applications for entry.该大学已经收到了大量的入学申请。 【提示】application作名词还可以表示“应用；运用；应用程序”。 The application of this new technology has improved the results.这项新技术的应用改善了结果。 The phone has many useful applications.这款手机有很多实用的应用程序。【联想】apply v.申请；请求；应用；运用 We should apply what we have learned.我们应该应用我们所学的东西。 She decided to apply for the job as a volunteer.她决定申请志愿者的工作 My cousin decided to apply to three universities.我堂哥决定申请三所大学。 注意：表示“申请”时，apply for侧重于申请的对象，而apply to侧重于申请的机构或地点。 application n.申请；请求 They decided to interview him by phone.他们决定通过电话面试他。 【提示】interview作动词时，常用搭配为interview for sth.(为了某个职位或机会进行面试),interview sb.for sth.(为某事采访某人)。 They will interview for the new project next month.他们下个月将为新项目进行面试。 The police interviewed the neighbours for information.警方为了获取信息而面谈了邻居。 interview除了作动词外，也可作名词，意为“面试；面谈；(常指公开的)记者采访，访谈”等。常用搭配有have an interview with sb.(与某人进行面试；和某人面谈),(an)interview for sth.(为了某个职位或目的的面试)。The journalist had an interview with the famous actor.记者对这位著名演员进行了采访。 I am preparing for an interview for volunteering at the school club.我正为在学校社团做志愿者的面试做准备。 【联想】interviewer n.采访者；面试官interviewee n.被采访者；面试者 The interviewer gave the interviewee a tour of the office after the interview.面试后，面试官带面试者参观了办公室。 interview v.采访；访谈；面试 The basic rules are important for the game.基本规则对游戏很重要。 Trust is basic to any successful relationship.信任是任何成功关系的基础。 【联想】base n.根基；基底；底座；总部v.以……为据点(或总部等);以……为基础(或根据)(常与介词on连用) The company has its base in Shanghai.这家公司的总部在上海。 The teacher bases her lessons on the students'needs.老师的课程是根据学生的需求制定的。 basis n.基准；准则；方式 常用搭配为on the basis(of)(以……为基准),on a regular basis(定期)。The friendship was built on the basis of trust and understanding.友谊是建立在信任和理解的基础上的。 I exercise on a regular basis to keep fit.我定期锻炼以保持健康。 basic adj.基本的；基础的 He received excellent grades in all his classes.他在所有课程中都获得了优异的成绩。 The weather was excellent for a day at the beach.(今天的)天气非常适合在海边待一天。 Her excellent leadership skills helped the team succeed.她杰出的领导能力帮助团队取得了成功。 【联想】excellence n.优秀；杰出；卓越 He has achieved excellence in his field.他在自己的领域取得了杰出成就。Excellence is a key value of our school.卓越是我们学校的核心价值观。这种以-t结尾的形容词转变为以-ce结尾的名词的例子还有： different-difference差异 confident-confidence自信 silent-silence沉默 absent-absence缺席 patient-patience耐心 convenient-convenience便利 excellent adj.优秀的；杰出的；极好的 see you again $$