专项1 说明文-【授之以渔】备考2025年中考英语模拟卷（河北专版）

专项超升虎 说明文 Cloze 1 If you've ever seen elephant seals lying on a beach,you might think all they do is sleep.But now scientists have discovered that when elephant seals are in the ocean,they 1 sleep at all.On average,they sleep just two hours a day. Elephant seals spend most of their time in the ocean.For about seven 2 of the year,they are in the water.3 elephant seals are large animals,they have to be careful in the ocean.Near the surface,sharks are a danger.So elephant seals spend most of their time diving deep,looking for 4.They can dive as deep as 750 meters below the surface,and can hold their breath for over an hour.Usually,they will dive for about 30 minutes,and then 5 for air for just a couple of minutes before diving again. So how do they sleep?To find out,a scientist named Jessica created a special cap that could record the elephant seals'brain activity.Jessica and her team learned that elephant seals had sleep stages 6 to humans.As they began to sleep,the elephant seals could 7 their bodies, gliding()down smoothly.But when they were 8 deeply,they simply began to fall, spinning()in a circle "like a falling leaf".The elephant seals woke up in time to go 9 for more air. The scientists found that elephant seals only sleep for about two hours a day when they're in the ocean.That means that the rest they get once(-)they 10 to land is very important.Back on land,they sleep for about 10.8 hours a day.The scientists hope that their work will help to protect the places where elephant seals sleep when they're on land. )1.A.widely B.truly C.hardly D.exactly )2.A.minutes B.days C.weeks D.months )3.A.Though B.But C.Because D.Until )4.A.air B.food C.water D.sand )5.A.come up B.call in C.drop by D.set out )6.A.helpful B.similar C.harmful D.thankful )7.A.protect B.support C.imagine D.control )8.A.swimming B.sleeping C.breathing D.traveling )9.A.up B.down C.in D.away )10.A.lay B.return C.attend D.stick 5 中梦模拟卷英语 Cloze 2 Everything is changing now,The consumption concept(消费理念)and lifestyle of the younger generation are 1 changing,too.A new term-reverse consumption-has come into being.It means that people no longer blindly 2 very expensive things,such as brand-name bags,but pay more attention to the cost performance(性价比). Reverse consumption actually encourages people to cut 3 on waste.Compared with traditional consumption patterns,it refuses to keep buying new products,and pays more attention to the 4 of products.This concept has gradually become popular among the younger generation and has influenced their buying decisions. The younger generation is gradually realizing that material 5 does not bring true happiness. They focus more on personal growth,spiritual wealth and the building of social relationships.As a result,they begin to 6 their inner needs. The younger generation is also increasingly concerned about the environment.They realize blind consumption not only causes plenty of waste,but also may cause environmental pollution.7 they begin to reduce the influence on the environment through this new type of consumption. In addition,the rise of reverse consumption will encourage changes in society as a whole.It is 8 companies to take social and environmental responsibility more seriously,and to focus more on social interests(社会利益)in product design and production.Reverse consumption also9 people's understanding of the quality of life.Young people value inner satisfaction more.They can achieve a more 10 life through this consumption pattern )1.A.quickly B.quietly C.correctly D.clearly )2.A.buy B.sell C.follow D.like )3.A.down B.up C.out D.off )4.A.quality B.color C.style D.price )5.A.wealth B.growth C.truth D.health )6.A.care about B.believe in C.pay for D.part with )7.A.But B.So C.Although D.Or )8.A.suggesting B.making C.driving D.punishing )9.A.develops B.realizes C.understands D.influences )10.A.meaningful B.colorful C.helpful D.useful 6参考答案房 指着地上的几块巨石，故选B。 10.B解析：考查名词辨析。当一项任务超出 4.C解析：考查动词短语辨析。他指着地上的 你的能力范围时，你可以选择向你周围的人 几块巨石，微笑着说：“儿子，看看这些石头。 借用力量。money钱；ability能力；chance机 它们现在挡住了路。我们能做什么？”separate 会；gol目标。根据上下文语境并结合选项可 from分离；start with以…开始；look at看； 知，是超出能力范围，故选B。 un after追赶。根据上下文语境以及空后的 说明文 these stones可知，父亲是让儿子看这些石头， Cloze 1 故选C。 【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了象海豹在海洋中如 5.C解析：考查副词辨析。我们能把它们搬走 何睡觉。 吗？down向下；on在上面；away离开；up向 1.C解析：考查副词辨析。但是现在科学家们 上。根据They are in the way now.可知，石头 已经发现，当象海豹在海洋里时，它们几乎不 挡住了路，所以Bob想把它们搬走，move away 睡觉。widely广泛地；truly真实地；hardly几 搬走，故选C。 乎不；exactly确切地。根据空后的at all和On 6.D解析：考查动词辨析。Bob兴奋得两眼放 average,they sleep just two hours a day.可知， 光，他冲过去试着推其中的一块大石头。 象海豹在海洋中几乎不睡觉，故选C。 avoid避免；finish完成；suggest建议；ty尝试。2.D解析：考查名词辨析。一年中大约有七个 根据选项和空后的pushing one of the large 月，它们都在水里。minute分钟；day天：week stones可知，Bob尝试着推其中的一块大石头， 星期；month月。根据Elephant seals spend try doing sth.尝试做某事，故选D。 most of their time in the ocean.可知，一年中大 7.B解析：考查动词辨析。然而，无论他如何 约有七个月，象海豹都在水里，故选D。 努力，石头仍在那里。jump跳；remain继续存 3.A解析：考查连词辨析。尽管象海豹是大型 在；disappear消失；change改变。根据it didn't 动物，但是它们在海洋中也必须小心。though move at all可知，Bob无法搬动石头，石头继续 尽管；but但是；because因为；until直到…为 待在原地，故选B。 止。分析句子结构可知，前后分句之间是让 8.B解析：考查副词辨析。最后，他竭尽全力 步关系，用though引导，故选A。 把石头搬到了路的一边。hady几乎不；4.B解析：考查名词辨析。因此，象海豹大部 finally最后；nearly几乎；lately最近。根据 分时间都会潜入深海寻找食物。air空气；food tried hard和moved it to one side of the road可 食物；water水；sand沙子。根据上下文语境和 知，Edward最后把石头搬走了，故选B。 空前的looking for可知，此处指的是寻找食 9.C解析：考查连词辨析。Edward搬开石头 物，故选B。 后，转向Bob说…unless除非；before在… 5.A解析：考查动词短语辨析。通常情况下， 之前；after在…之后；if如果。根据上文内 它们会潜水大约30分钟，然后在再次潜水之 容可知，应该是Edward搬开石头后，转向Bob 前只浮出水面呼吸几分钟空气。come up上 跟他说话，故选C。 来；call in召集；drop by顺便拜访；set out出 25 中考模拟卷英语 发。根据空后的for air for just a couple of 地追求品牌，而是更关注物品的性价比。 minutes before diving again可知，象海豹在再 1.B解析：考查副词辨析。年轻一代的消费理 次潜水之前只浮出水面呼吸几分钟空气，故 念和生活方式也在悄悄发生变化。quickly快 选A。 速地；quietly悄悄地；correctly正确地；clearly 6.B解析：考查形容词辨析。Jessica和她的团 清楚地。根据语境并结合选项可知，是悄悄 队了解到象海豹有和人类相似的睡眠阶段。 地改变着，故选B。 helpful有帮助的；similar相似的；harmful有害 2.A解析：考查动词辨析。这意味着人们不再 的：thankful感激的。根据选项和上下文语境 盲目购买非常贵的东西，例如名牌包，而是更 可知，此处similar符合语境，故选B。 注重性价比。buy买；sel卖；follow跟随；like 7.D解析：考查动词辨析。当它们开始睡觉 喜欢。根据but pay more attention to the cost 时，象海豹可以控制自己的身体，平稳地向下 performance可知，人们不再盲目购买非常贵 滑行。protect保护；support支持；imagine想 的东西，故选A。 象；control控制。根据gliding down smoothly 3.A解析：考查副词辨析。反向消费实际上是 可知，象海豹可以控制自己的身体，故选D。 鼓励人们减少浪费。dowm向下；p向上；out 8.B解析：考查动词辨析。但是当它们睡得很 向外：of离开。cut down减少，削减，是固定 沉的时候，它们就开始下沉，“像落叶一样”旋 搭配，故选A。 转着。swim游泳；sleep睡觉；breathe呼吸； 4.A解析：考查名词辨析。与传统的消费模式 travel旅行。根据they simply began to fal, 相比，它拒绝持续购买新产品，而且更注重产 spinning in a circle“like a falling leaf”可知，象 品的质量。quality质量；color颜色；style款 海豹们开始下沉，“像落叶一样”旋转，说明它 式；price价格。根据but pay more attention to 们睡得沉，故选B。 the cost performance可知，注重性价比的话，应 9.A解析：考查副词辨析。象海豹及时醒来， 该是关注产品的质量，故选A。 浮出水面呼吸更多空气。p向上；dowm向 5.A解析：考查名词辨析。年轻一代正逐渐意 下；in在里面；away离开。根据空后的for 识到物质财富不能（给他们）带来真正的幸 more air可知，象海豹醒来后浮出水面呼吸更 福。wealth财富；growth生长，成长；ruth真 多空气，故选A。 相；health健康。根据They focus more on 10.B解析：考查动词辨析。这意味着它们一旦 personal growth,spiritual wealth and the 返回陆地，得到的休息就非常重要。ay放置； building of social relationships..可知，物质财富 return返回；attend参加；stick粘贴。根据Back 不能给他们带来真正的幸福，故选A。 on land,they sleep for about 10.8 hours a day.可6.A解析：考查动词短语辨析。因此，他们开 知，此处指的是象海豹返回陆地，故选B。 始关注他们的内心需求。care about关心，在 Cloze 2 意；believe in信任；pay for付费；part with放 【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了现在年轻人开始 弃。根据They focus more on personal growth, “反向消费”，它指的是人们在购物时，不再盲目 spiritual wealth and the building of social 26 参考答案停绝 relationships..可知，年轻人更加关注个人成长、5.about6.a7.thinks 8.is spreading 精神财富和社会关系的建立，这些都属于内 9.has started 10.told 11.of 12.protection 心的需求，故选A。 13.well 14.values 15.will study 7.B解析：考查连词辨析。因此，他们开始通 Text 2 过这种新的消费方式来减少对环境的影响。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述 but但是；so因此；although虽然；or或者。分 了一个名叫Martin的澳大利亚男孩对世界充满 析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且 了好奇心，不断提出问题并渴望得到答案的 前因后果，用s0连接，故选B。 故事。 8.C解析：考查动词辨析。反向消费正促使企 1.an 2.is filled 3.to 4.asked 5.travels 业更认真地对待社会和环境责任并且在产品 6.his 7.to play 8.louder 9.for 10.toys 设计和生产中更加关注社会利益。sug熙est建 议；make使；drive迫使；punish惩罚。根据上 11.but 12.was telling 13.gently 下文语境和to take social and environmental 14.will become 15.lay responsibility more seriously,and to focus more Text 3 on..可知，此处用dive符合语境，drive sb.to 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍 do sth.迫使某人做某事，故选C。 了一部BBC纪录片讲述了诗人杜甫波澜壮阔的 9.D解析：考查动词辨析。反向消费也影响了 一生及其作品对中国传统文学和世界的影响。 人们对生活质量的理解。develop发展；realize 1.has 2.to 3.to read 4.poet's 意识到；understand明白，理解；influence影响。 5.achievement 6.Although/Though 7.about 根据语境可知，是影响了人们对生活质量的 8.really 9.events 10.a 11.was considered 理解，故选D。 12.helped 13.have encouraged 14.valuable 10.A解析：考查形容词辨析。他们能够通过 15.will remember 这种消费模式过上更加有意义的生活。 专项三阅读理解 meaningful有意义的：colorful丰富多彩的： helpful有帮助的；useful有用的。根据Young 应用文 people value inner satisfaction more.可知，年 Passage 1 轻人看重内心的满足感，这样会让生活更有 【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了一本书中关于在中 意义，故选A。 国历史上做出贡献的几位名人。 专项二短文填空 1,A解析：推理判断题。根据表格第一栏中 Text 1 Do you know it's Mozi who made a thing called 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍 Jiche that can be used to throw stones from a 了湖南一所学校开始教授方言课。 faraway place to kill enemies?The weapon was 1.and 2.third 3.to learn 4.are taught wide少y used in wars.可知，墨子制造了武器，因 27