Unit 3 The world of Science 单元话题语法填空练习-2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

Unit 3 The world of Science 单元话题语法填空练习 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高一下·云南红河·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Few things could be more impressive than China high-speed rail system, especially the speed of its developing, 1 is known as “China speed”. “China speed” 2 (mean) a lot to the country. The past 30 years have seen China’s rapid development in 3 (variety) areas, like the economy, technology and trade. We’ve seen lots of tall 4 (building) spring up almost overnight, with roads and highways connecting every comer. Besides online shopping, mobile payment is playing 5 increasingly important role in everyone’s life. China’s speed has changed our country and impressed the world.   However, as we enjoy the benefits of “China speed”, the problems it brings us can’t 6 (ignore), such as the air pollution and traffic problems. As a high price is being paid now, maybe we should think about what “China speed” will bring us in the next 30 years. We need to know our future depends on the choices we make today, so it is our duty 7 (give) China a new definition. If you pay close attention to the word “speed”, you may notice that each letter stands for something 8 (interest) — Society, Progress, Economy, Environment and Development. Our society’s progress depends 9 (large) on the balance among them. That is what we need to keep 10 mind as China continues to speed ahead. 【答案】 1．which 2．means 3．various 4．buildings 5．an 6．be ignored 7．to give 8．interesting 9．largely 10．in 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述“中国速度”给我们带来的好处和坏处以及未来我们继续加速前进时应该如何平衡。 1．考查定语从句。句意：没有什么比中国的高铁系统更令人印象深刻的了，尤其是它的发展速度。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the speed，关系代词在从句中做主语，故填which。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“中国速度”对国家意义重大。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是名词“China speed”，谓语用第三人称单数，故填means。 3．考查形容词。句意：在过去的30年里，中国在经济、科技和贸易等各个领域都取得了快速发展。设空处修饰名词areas，应用形容词various作定语，故填various。 4．考查名词的数。句意：我们看到许多高楼大厦几乎在一夜之间拔地而起，道路和高速公路连接着每一个角落。设空处为名词building，作宾语，前面有lots of修饰，应用复数形式，故填buildings。 5．考查冠词。句意：除了网上购物，移动支付在每个人的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。固定短语搭配play a role in，前面有increasingly important修饰，increasingly是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。 6．考查语态。句意：然而，当我们享受“中国速度”的好处时，它带来的问题也不容忽视，比如空气污染和交通问题。此句中的can’t后面需要跟动词原形，但动词ignore与主语the problems之间是被动关系，因此需要用被动语态。故填be ignored。 7．考查不定式。句意：我们需要知道，我们的未来取决于我们今天所做的选择，因此，我们有责任给中国一个新的定义。此处为句型it be one’s duty to do sth.表示“做某事是某人的责任”，不定式作真正主语。故填to give。 8．考查形容词。句意：如果你仔细观察“速度”这个词，你可能会注意到每个字母都代表一些有趣的东西——社会、进步、经济、环境和发展。设空处修饰不定代词something，应用形容词interesting，作后置定语，表示“有趣的”，故填interesting。 9．考查副词。句意：我们社会的进步很大程度上取决于它们之间的平衡。设空处修饰动词depends，应用副词largely作状语，故填largely。 10．考查固定短语。句意：在中国继续加速前进的过程中，我们需要牢记这一点。短语keep in mind，意为“牢记”。故填in。 （24-25高一上·重庆江北·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first home-grown large cruise (航行) ship, the Adora Magic City, completed its official 1 (deliver) this Saturday. The large cruise ship, 2 is 323.6 meters long and weighs 135,500 tons, has 2,125 guest rooms, 22 unique restaurants and bars and can accommodate 5,246 people. Tickets for its first voyage, beginning on Jan 1,2024, have been sold since Sept 20. For passengers, the Adora Magic City promises 3 variety of entertainment choices, from movies to music shows, and even a musical drama in its 1,000-seat theater. 4 (build) such a large cruise ship is not an easy task. 5 addition, it requires advanced technology and an excellent approach to manufacturing. The Adora Magic City, with its delicate design and over 25 million parts, 6 (be) a fine example. More than 30 countries worked together 7 (create) the ship. Therefore, The Adora Magic City is more than just a ship. 8 (obvious), it is also a symbol of China’s technological advancement in shipbuilding, and shows China’s open attitude and willingness in international cooperation. This achievement in shipbuilding will 9 (strength) China’s role as a major player in the 10 (globe) cruise industry. 【答案】 1．delivery 2．which 3．a 4．Building/To build 5．In 6．is 7．to create 8．Obviously 9．strengthen 10．global 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国首艘国产大型游轮“爱达·魔都号”的交付及其意义。 1．考查名词。句意：中国第一艘国产大型游轮“爱达·魔都号”于本周六正式交付。本空作动词completed的宾语，用名词delivery“交付”。故填delivery。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这艘长323.6米、重135500吨的大型游轮拥有2125间客房、22家特色餐厅和酒吧，可容纳5246人。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The large cruise ship，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 3．考查冠词。句意：对于乘客来说，“爱达·魔都号”承诺提供多种娱乐选择，从电影到音乐表演，甚至在其1000座的剧院里还有一部音乐剧。a variety of为固定短语，意为“各种各样的”，本空用冠词a，符合题意。故填a。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：建造如此大的一艘游轮不是一件容易的事。本句谓语为examined，此处为非谓语动词，表示建造这样一艘大型游轮这一具体的行为，用build“建造”的不定式，作主语。或者表示一般性的行为，用动名词building作主语。句首单词，首字母大写。故填Building或To build。 5．考查介词。句意：此外，它还需要先进的技术和出色的制造方法。in addition为固定短语，意为“此外”，本空用介词in，符合题意，句首单词，首字母大写。故填In。 6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“爱达·魔都号”以其精致的设计和超过2500万个零部件，就是一个很好的例子。本句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时。主语The Adora Magic City为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：30多个国家共同努力建造了这艘船。本句谓语为worked，此处为非谓语动词，work together to do sth为固定短语，意为“共同努力做某事”，本空用create“建造”的不定式，作目的状语。故填to create。 8．考查副词。句意：显然，这也是中国造船技术进步的象征，表明了中国在国际合作中的开放态度和意愿。本空修饰句子，作状语，用副词obviously“显然”。位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Obviously。 9．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一造船业的成就将加强中国在全球游轮业作为主要参与者的角色。根据空前的will可知，本空用动词strengthen“加强”，与will构成一般将来时。故填strengthen。 10．考查形容词。句意：这一造船业的成就将加强中国在全球游轮业作为主要参与者的角色。修饰名词industry，用形容词形式global“全球的”，作定语。故填global。 （24-25高一上·云南昭通·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dujiangyan is the 1 (old) man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in Chinese science. 2 the fact that it was built over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still making a great 3 (contribute) today. In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands 4 (suffer) from regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River. 5 (help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of channels (水渠) at different levels along mountains, which would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally. Better still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making 6 suitable for farming. As a result, 7 (base) on their clever design, the system was able to prevent floods from occurring and the people were able to live 8 (peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists around the globe because unlike modern dams 9 the water is blocked by a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, 10 (allow) the nature and humans to exist in harmony. 【答案】 1．oldest 2．Despite 3．contribution 4．suffered 5．To help 6．it 7．based 8．peacefully 9．where 10．allowing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是世界上最古老的人造水利系统——都江堰。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：都江堰是世界上最古老的人造水利系统，也是中国科学的一大奇迹。根据句意和空格前的定冠词the可知，空格处应该用形容词最高级oldest作定语，修饰后面的名词短语man-made water system。故填oldest。 2．考查介词。句意：尽管它建于2200多年前，位于现今中国西南的四川省，但这一惊人的工程成就至今仍在发挥着巨大的贡献。根据句意和空格后的名词the fact可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“尽管”，所以用介词despite，首字母大写。故填Despite。 3．考查名词。句意：尽管它建于2200多年前，位于现今中国西南的四川省，但这一惊人的工程成就至今仍在发挥着巨大的贡献。根据空格前的making a great可知，空格处应该用单数名词contribution作宾语。故填contribution。 4．考查时态。句意：在古代，都江堰所在的地区经常遭受岷江泛滥引发的洪水灾害。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in ancient times可知，描述过去发生的事用一般过去时。故填suffered。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助受洪水影响的百姓，当地太守李冰与他的儿子决定寻找解决方案。空格处作目的状语，应该用不定式形式。故填To help。 6．考查代词。句意：更妙的是，多余的水可以被引入干旱的成都平原，使其适合农耕。空格处代指上文的the dry Chengdu Plain作宾语，应该用代词it。故填it。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，基于他们的巧妙设计，这一系统成功防止了洪水的发生，人们得以安宁地生活。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，句子的主语the system与动词base与之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词based作状语。故填based。 8．考查副词。句意：因此，基于他们的巧妙设计，这一系统成功防止了洪水的发生，人们得以安宁地生活。空格处修饰上文的动词live作状语，应该用副词peacefully。故填peacefully。 9．考查定语从句。句意：如今，都江堰受到全球科学家的钦佩，因为与现代水坝不同——现代水坝用巨大的墙体阻挡水流，而都江堰仍然让岷江的水自然流动，使自然与人类和谐共存。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词dams进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，都江堰受到全球科学家的钦佩，因为与现代水坝不同——现代水坝用巨大的墙体阻挡水流，而都江堰仍然让岷江的水自然流动，使自然与人类和谐共存。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词allow与上文的内容之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词allowing作状语。故填allowing。 （24-25高一下·云南昆明·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Festivals provide an opportunity to create new memories. Different cultures have different festivals, 1 the joy and excitement are the same. For adults, celebrations are a way of taking a break from dull routines. For kids, this is the perfect time 2 (learn) and enrich their lives with knowledge. Festivals play a vital role 3 a child’s life. Festivals bring children happiness and create great memories. Additionally, every festival has a rich backstory, 4 has numerous lessons and values to teach. Historical and geographical contexts 5 to festivals explain why we celebrate festivals with specific customs. Celebrations bring people together. They help develop community pride and 6 (contribution) to the feelings of togetherness. Thus, festivals are a 7 time for kids to connect with families and neighbours. Kids learn the importance of unity when they 8 (active) participate and contribute to 9 (make) a successful celebration. Festivals are a good opportunity for kids to meet people from all walks of life. As a result, children can learn different characteristics of social behavior by talking to the people around them. Moreover, there 10 (be) plenty of opportunities for kids to exchange thoughts and these interactions will help them develop social skills. 【答案】 1．but 2．to learn 3．in 4．which 5．related 6．contribute 7．significant 8．actively 9．holding 10．are 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了节日对人们尤其是对孩子们的重要性。 1．考查连词。句意：不同的文化有不同的节日，但欢乐和兴奋是相同的。根据前后文可知，两句间是转折关系，用表转折的并列连词but连接。故填but。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：对孩子们来说，这是学习和用知识丰富他们生活的最佳时机。名词time后常用不定式作后置定语，time to do sth.意为“是做……的时候”。故填to learn。 3．考查介词。句意：节日在孩子的生活中起着至关重要的作用。此处是固定搭配：play a role in意为“在……中起作用”。故填in。 4．考查定语从句。句意：此外，每个节日都有丰富的背景故事，其中有许多教训和价值观可以传授。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是backstory，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：与节日相关的历史和地理背景解释了为什么我们用特定的习俗来庆祝节日。短语be related to表示“与……有关”，此处为过去分词related作定语。故填related。 6．考查动词。句意：它们有助于培养社区自豪感，促进团结的感觉。此处是固定搭配：help do sth. (帮助做某事)。空处和develop并列，应用动词原形，contribution的动词形式是contribute。故填contribute。 7．考查形容词。句意：因此，节日是孩子们与家人和邻居联系的重要时刻。修饰名词time用形容词significant作定语。故填significant。 8．考查副词。句意：当孩子们积极参与并为举办成功的庆祝活动做出贡献时，他们会学到团结的重要性。修饰动词participate，用副词actively，意为“积极地”，作状语。故填actively。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们积极参与并为举办成功的庆祝活动做出贡献时，他们会学到团结的重要性。短语contribute to doing sth.表示“为做某事做出贡献”。故填holding。 10．考查主谓一致。句意：此外，孩子们有很多机会交流思想，这些互动将有助于他们发展社交技能。结合上文时态，一般现在时，there be句型的主语为复数名词opportunities，谓动词也应使用复数形式。故填are。 （24-25高一上·云南西双版纳·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Flying kites 1 (be) a popular folk art for about 2000 years. Some historians believe that the ancient Chinese may have started flying kites. It is still a popular hobby in Pakistan, China, Japan, Korea 2 in other countries of the Far East. In a clear day, you can see 3 (beautiful) decorated kites appear in different colors. Kites are made in many different sizes, colors and 4 (shape). Simple kites are made by crossing two sticks and covering them with paper or cloth. Then you attach a string at 5 end. 6 (fly) kite is great fun and it is easy if you know some secrets. A flat kite is the oldest and simplest type of kite. It flies because air flows over and under the kite’s wing. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin used a kite 7 (prove) that lightning was a form of electricity. He attached a metal key to the string of a kite. When lightning hit the kite, electricity passed down the string and Franklin got an electric shock. It was a very 8 (danger) experiment that you shouldn’t copy. In World War I, the Germans developed a large kite 9 could transport people to a submarine. Kites were also used to carry radio signals over long distances. Today most people fly kites as a hobby. Kite festivals 10 (organize) in many cities in all parts of the world. 【答案】 1．has been 2．and 3．beautifully 4．shapes 5．the 6．Flying 7．to prove 8．dangerous 9．that/which 10．are organized 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了风筝这项流行约2000年的民间艺术，包括其制作、飞行原理、历史上的用途等。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：放风筝作为一种流行的民间艺术已经有大约2000年的历史了。提示词be作谓语，结合时间状语“for about 2000 years”可知，句子描述从过去持续到现在并将继续下去的状态，应用现在完成时态，动词名词短语“Flying kites”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has been。 2．考查连词。句意：在巴基斯坦、中国、日本、韩国以及远东的其他国家，它仍然是一项受欢迎的爱好。根据语境可知，此处列举国家，“in Pakistan, China, Japan, Korea”和“in other countries of the Far East”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 3．考查副词。句意：在晴朗的日子里，你可以看到装饰精美的风筝呈现出不同的颜色。提示词修饰动词decorated，用副词beautifully作状语，意为“漂亮地，精美的”。故填beautifully。 4．考查名词复数。句意：风筝有许多不同的尺寸、颜色和形状。可数名词shape意为“形状”，与    sizes和colors并列，作宾语，有many修饰，用复数形式。故填shapes。 5．考查冠词。句意：然后你在尾端系上一根绳子。结合语境可知，名词end(末端，尾端)指上文制作的风筝的尾端，特指，用定冠词the限定。故填the。 6．考查动名词。句意：放风筝很有趣，如果你知道一些秘诀，它也很容易。“(fly) kite”在句中作主语，应用动名词形式flying作主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Flying。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：1752年，本杰明·富兰克林用风筝来证明闪电是一种电的形式。“use...to do...”是固定搭配，意为“用……来做……”，空处需填动词不定式。故填to prove。 8．考查形容词。句意：这是一个非常危险的实验，你不应该模仿。提示词修饰名词experiment，应用形容词dangerous作定语，意为“危险的”。故填dangerous。 9．考查定语从句。句意：在第一次世界大战中，德国人研制出一种能把人运送到潜艇上的大风筝。“_____ could transport people to a submarine”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a large kite，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或者which引导该从句。故填that/which。 10．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：世界各地的许多城市都举办风筝节。organize(组织，筹备)是谓语动词，与主语Kite festivals之间是被动关系，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。综上，谓语动词用一般现在时的被动语态，复数形式。故填are organized。 （24-25高一下·吉林长春·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A state-owned power company in China has announced plans to build the world’s biggest solar farm, capable of powering a small country. The £8.5 billion project 1 (construct) in northern China’s Inner Mongolia region and will dispatch electricity to the urban cluster of Jing-Jin-Ji, 2 (consist) of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. The 8 gigawatt facility is more than half 3 entire installed solar capacity in the UK, and capable of powering 4 (rough) 6 million homes. The integrated energy project will also include 4 GW of wind power, 4 GW of coal-fired power 5 200 MW of solar thermal, as well as a further 5 GWh set added at the site in energy storage. 6 (operate) by China’s Three Gorges Renewables Group, construction is expected 7 (begin) in September 2024 and come online by June 2027. Plans for the new facility 8 (announce) just weeks after a 5 GW complex was switched on in the north-west province of Xinjiang, becoming the 9 (big) operational solar plant in the world. Covering 200,000 acres in a desert region, the vast solar farm takes up the same space 10 New York City. China has installed more solar power capacity than any other country, with more than 600 GW connected to the grid as of November 2023. 【答案】 1．will be constructed 2．consisting 3．the 4．roughly 5．and 6．Operated 7．to begin 8．were announced 9．biggest 10．as 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了一家中国国有电力公司计划建设世界最大的太阳能发电场的消息，详细介绍了该项目的规模、位置、建设时间以及中国太阳能发电的现状。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这个造价85亿英镑的项目将建在中国北部的内蒙古地区，并将向京津冀城市群（包括北京、天津和河北）输送电力。construct作本句谓语，和主语project之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据后文的will dispatch可知，用一般将来时。故填will be constructed。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个造价85亿英镑的项目将建在中国北部的内蒙古地区，并将向京津冀城市群（包括北京、天津和河北）输送电力。本句已有谓语动词，所以consist用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语urban cluster of Jing-Jin-Ji之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填consisting。 3．考查冠词。句意：这个8千兆瓦的设施超过了英国全部太阳能装机容量的一半，能够为大约600万户家庭供电。此处是固定搭配：the entire意为“整个的”。故填the。 4．考查副词。句意：这个8千兆瓦的设施超过了英国全部太阳能装机容量的一半，能够为大约600万户家庭供电。空处修饰空前的动词，用副词修饰。故填roughly。 5．考查连词。句意：综合能源项目还将包括4GW的风力发电、4GW的燃煤发电和200MW 的太阳能热发电，以及在现场增加的5G瓦时的储能装置。根据句意可知，“4 GW of wind power”，“4 GW of coal-fired power”以及“200 MW of solar thermal”是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：由中国三峡可再生能源集团运营，预计将于2024年9月开始建设，并于2027年6月上线。本句已有谓语动词is expected，所以operate用非谓语形式，根据空后的by可知，和逻辑主语之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，位于段首，首字母应大写。故填Operated。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：由中国三峡可再生能源集团运营，预计将于2024年9月开始建设，并于2027年6月上线。本句已有谓语动词is expected，所以begin用非谓语形式，此处是固定搭配：expect to do sth.以为“期望作某事”。故填to begin。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：就在新设施计划公布的几周前，中国西北部的新疆省启动了一个5GW的太阳能电站，成为世界上最大的正在运营的太阳能电站。announce为本句谓语，根据后文的was可知，用一般过去时，和主语Plans之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填were announced。 9．考查形容词。句意：就在新设施计划公布的几周前，中国西北部的新疆省启动了一个5GW的太阳能电站，成为世界上最大的正在运营的太阳能电站。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，表达“世界上最大的正在运营的太阳能电站”之意，用最高级。故填biggest。 10．考查介词。句意：这个巨大的太阳能农场位于沙漠地区，占地20万英亩，占地面积与纽约市相当。此处是固定搭配：the same as意为“与……一样”。故填as。 （24-25高一下·宁夏吴忠·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) presented a wonderful show. A group of humanoid robots 1 (create) by a leading Chinese technology company stole the spotlight. These robots were designed to perform the traditional Chinese Yangko dance (秧歌舞). 2 (prepare) for this performance, the robots practiced 3 (hard) than ever. They 4 (equip) with advanced artificial intelligence that allowed them to master every detail of the dance. Their bodies, 5 had multiple flexible joints, could move smoothly and precisely. During the show, the robots held colorful handkerchiefs vividly as they danced. The 6 (combine) of high technology and traditional art 7 (true) astonished the audience. People were deeply impressed by their 8 (amaze) movements. It was a perfect blend of modernity and tradition. This unique performance soon became 9 hot topic. Youngsters thought it was fantastic and full of creativity. Meanwhile, the elder generation also appreciated its beauty 10 cultural significance. 【答案】 1．created 2．To prepare 3．harder 4．were equipped 5．which 6．combination 7．truly 8．amazing 9．a 10．and 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了2025年的春节上人形机器人表演中国传统的秧歌吸引了人们的关注。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国一家领先科技公司制造的一组人形机器人抢尽了风头。此处create与robots构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填created。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了准备这次表演，机器人们比以往任何时候都更加努力地练习。此处prepare作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To prepare。 3．考查比较级。句意：为了准备这次表演，机器人们比以往任何时候都更加努力地练习。根据后文than ever可知为比较级。故填harder。 4．考查固定短语。句意：他们配备了先进的人工智能，使他们能够掌握舞蹈的每个细节。短语be equipped with表示“装备”，发生在过去用一般过去时，主语为they，谓语用复数。故填were equipped。 5．考查定语从句。句意：它们的身体有多个灵活的关节，可以平稳而精确地移动。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词bodies，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 6．考查名词。句意：高科技与传统艺术的结合着实让观众们大吃一惊。作主语，应用名词combination。故填combination。 7．考查副词。句意：高科技与传统艺术的结合着实让观众们大吃一惊。修饰形容词astonished用副词truly，故填truly。 8．考查形容词。句意：人们对他们惊人的动作印象深刻。修饰名词movements用形容词amazing，作定语。故填amazing。 9．考查冠词。句意：这一独特的表演很快成为热门话题。此处topic为泛指，且hot是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 10．考查连词。句意：同时，老一辈人也欣赏它的美丽和文化意义。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 （24-25高一下·山西临汾·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Screen time during infancy (婴儿期) may 1 (great) affect the development of children's brain abilities, scientists say. Researchers in Singapore found that children aged 9 years old showed differences in attention 2 brain activity connected to their screen time as infants. They said screen time as infants may affect childre’s executive function (执行功能), a set of skills 3 allow people to do things such as planning, 4 (focus) attention and remembering rules. The scientists looked at information from more than 400 children. When the children were 12 months old, their parents reported their screen time every day over the past month. The parents gave the same 5 (day) information five more times while their children were between the 6 (age) of 12 months and 54 months. Electrical activity in the brain 7 (record) for the children at 18 months old. Lab tests and reports by teachers were then used 8 (study) all of the children’s attention and brain function when they were 9 years old. It was found that the more time children spent with screens, the more their brain activity changed, and the 9 (bad) they did in executive function tasks. The study shows strong evidence (证据) that parents need to keep a close eye 10 how much time their children spend with screens, especially during early brain development. 【答案】 1．greatly 2．and 3．that/which 4．focusing 5．daily 6．ages 7．was recorded 8．to study 9．worse 10．on 【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学家研究发现，婴儿期屏幕时间会影响儿童大脑能力发展，父母需密切关注孩子屏幕使用时长。 1．考查副词。句意：科学家称，婴儿期的屏幕使用时间可能会极大地影响儿童大脑能力的发展。此处应用副词修饰动词affect，great的副词形式为greatly。故填greatly。 2．考查连词。句意：新加坡的研究人员发现，9岁的儿童在注意力和大脑活动方面存在差异，这些差异与他们婴儿时期的屏幕使用时间有关。attention和brain activity是并列关系，故用and连接。故填and。 3．考查定语从句。句意：他们说，婴儿时期的屏幕使用时间可能会影响儿童的执行功能，这是一组技能，能让人们做诸如计划、集中注意力和记住规则等事情。设空处引限制性导定语从句，先行词为skills，指物，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词that或者which。故填that或which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们说，婴儿时期的屏幕使用时间可能会影响儿童的执行功能，这是一组技能，能让人们做诸如计划、集中注意力和记住规则等事情。such as后接名词、代词或动名词，所以此空应与planning、remembering并列，用动名词形式。故填focusing。 5．考查形容词。句意：在孩子们12个月到54个月大的时候，父母又提供了五次相同的每日信息。此处应用形容词修饰名词information，day的形容词形式为daily，表 “日常的”。故填daily。 6．考查名词复数。句意：在孩子们12个月到54个月大的时候，父母又提供了五次相同的每日信息。between the ages of...and... 表示“在…… 岁到…… 岁之间”，此处为复数含义。故填ages。 7．考查时态和语态。句意：研究人员记录了18个月大婴儿的大脑电活动。这里考查谓语动词，句子主语Electrical activity与record之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数。故填was recorded。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，在孩子们9岁时，通过实验室测试和老师的报告来研究他们的注意力和大脑功能。分析句子可知，这里考查be used to do sth. 表示“被用来做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to study。 9．考查比较级。句意：研究发现，孩子们花在屏幕上的时间越多，他们的大脑活动变化就越大，他们在执行功能任务中的表现就越差。分析句子可知，这里考查“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，越……”，bad的比较级为worse。故填worse。 10．考查介词。句意：这项研究有力地证明，父母需要密切关注孩子花在屏幕上的时间，尤其是在大脑发育早期。这里考查keep an eye on，为固定短语，意为“留意，密切关注”。故填on。 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高一上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today, I’ll give you 1 brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not be familiar with. Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of 2 takes place behind the scenes. Firstly, sound effects are often added after a scene has been shot and might not be made in the way you would expect. For example, in Jurassic Park, the sounds of different animals 3 (mix) by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. Another aspect I attach great importance 4 is visual special effects. CGI has been 5 (frequent) used in film-making as a special effects technology. Generally, scenes 6 (require) CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio. As green doesn’t match any 7 (nature) hair or skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background. This enables CGI effects to be added later. Props also contribute to a film’s success. 8 (make) a film look real, great effort must sometimes be made to research, find and build objects. Let’s take Titanic as an example. Director James Cameron spent six months 9 (revise) plans of the Titanic. He talked to 10 (historian) to ensure that the details were correct. Finally, it took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside. 【答案】 1．a 2．which 3．are mixed 4．to 5．frequently 6．requiring 7．natural 8．To make 9．revising 10．historians 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影制作过程中涉及的几个方面，特别是音效和视觉特效的重要性，以及道具在电影成功中的作用。 1．考查冠词。句意：今天，我将给你们简要介绍一下电影制作过程中你可能不熟悉的一些方面。泛指“一次简要的介绍”，用不定冠词修饰，brief首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 2．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：实际上，你在银幕上看到的电影是大量工作成果，其中大多数是在幕后进行的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“a huge amount of hard work”，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 3．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：例如，在《侏罗纪公园》中，不同动物的声音通过计算机混合以发出恐龙的吼声。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语the sounds of different animals与谓语mix为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语sounds是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are mixed。 4．考查介词。句意：我特别重视的另一个方面是视觉特效。固定表达“attach great importance to”意为“对……给予高度重视”。故填to。 5．考查副词。句意：CGI一直被作为特效技术频繁用于电影制作中。副词“frequently”修饰动词“used”，作状语。故填frequently。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：需要CGI的场景通常是在摄影棚的绿幕前拍摄的。空处为非谓语动词，scenes与require为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填requiring。 7．考查形容词。句意：由于绿色不与任何自然的头发或肤色匹配，演员可以很容易地与背景分开。这里需要形容词“natural”修饰名词短语“hair or skin colour”作定语。故填natural。 8．考查不定式。句意：为了让影片看起来真实，有时候必须付出极大努力去研究、发现和建造物品。不定式短语“to make”作目的状语，首字母大写。故填To make。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：詹姆斯·卡梅隆导演花了六个月时间修改泰坦尼克号的计划。这里用动名词形式“revising”，在短语“spend time (in) doing”中作宾语。故填revising。 10．考查名词复数。句意：他与历史学家交谈，以确保细节是正确的。多位历史学家，需用historian的复数形式作宾语。故填historians。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 The world of Science 单元话题语法填空练习 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高一下·云南红河·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Few things could be more impressive than China high-speed rail system, especially the speed of its developing, 1 is known as “China speed”. “China speed” 2 (mean) a lot to the country. The past 30 years have seen China’s rapid development in 3 (variety) areas, like the economy, technology and trade. We’ve seen lots of tall 4 (building) spring up almost overnight, with roads and highways connecting every comer. Besides online shopping, mobile payment is playing 5 increasingly important role in everyone’s life. China’s speed has changed our country and impressed the world.   However, as we enjoy the benefits of “China speed”, the problems it brings us can’t 6 (ignore), such as the air pollution and traffic problems. As a high price is being paid now, maybe we should think about what “China speed” will bring us in the next 30 years. We need to know our future depends on the choices we make today, so it is our duty 7 (give) China a new definition. If you pay close attention to the word “speed”, you may notice that each letter stands for something 8 (interest) — Society, Progress, Economy, Environment and Development. Our society’s progress depends 9 (large) on the balance among them. That is what we need to keep 10 mind as China continues to speed ahead. （24-25高一上·重庆江北·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first home-grown large cruise (航行) ship, the Adora Magic City, completed its official 1 (deliver) this Saturday. The large cruise ship, 2 is 323.6 meters long and weighs 135,500 tons, has 2,125 guest rooms, 22 unique restaurants and bars and can accommodate 5,246 people. Tickets for its first voyage, beginning on Jan 1,2024, have been sold since Sept 20. For passengers, the Adora Magic City promises 3 variety of entertainment choices, from movies to music shows, and even a musical drama in its 1,000-seat theater. 4 (build) such a large cruise ship is not an easy task. 5 addition, it requires advanced technology and an excellent approach to manufacturing. The Adora Magic City, with its delicate design and over 25 million parts, 6 (be) a fine example. More than 30 countries worked together 7 (create) the ship. Therefore, The Adora Magic City is more than just a ship. 8 (obvious), it is also a symbol of China’s technological advancement in shipbuilding, and shows China’s open attitude and willingness in international cooperation. This achievement in shipbuilding will 9 (strength) China’s role as a major player in the 10 (globe) cruise industry. （24-25高一上·云南昭通·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dujiangyan is the 1 (old) man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in Chinese science. 2 the fact that it was built over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still making a great 3 (contribute) today. In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands 4 (suffer) from regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River. 5 (help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of channels (水渠) at different levels along mountains, which would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally. Better still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making 6 suitable for farming. As a result, 7 (base) on their clever design, the system was able to prevent floods from occurring and the people were able to live 8 (peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists around the globe because unlike modern dams 9 the water is blocked by a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, 10 (allow) the nature and humans to exist in harmony. （24-25高一下·云南昆明·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Festivals provide an opportunity to create new memories. Different cultures have different festivals, 1 the joy and excitement are the same. For adults, celebrations are a way of taking a break from dull routines. For kids, this is the perfect time 2 (learn) and enrich their lives with knowledge. Festivals play a vital role 3 a child’s life. Festivals bring children happiness and create great memories. Additionally, every festival has a rich backstory, 4 has numerous lessons and values to teach. Historical and geographical contexts 5 to festivals explain why we celebrate festivals with specific customs. Celebrations bring people together. They help develop community pride and 6 (contribution) to the feelings of togetherness. Thus, festivals are a 7 time for kids to connect with families and neighbours. Kids learn the importance of unity when they 8 (active) participate and contribute to 9 (make) a successful celebration. Festivals are a good opportunity for kids to meet people from all walks of life. As a result, children can learn different characteristics of social behavior by talking to the people around them. Moreover, there 10 (be) plenty of opportunities for kids to exchange thoughts and these interactions will help them develop social skills. （24-25高一上·云南西双版纳·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Flying kites 1 (be) a popular folk art for about 2000 years. Some historians believe that the ancient Chinese may have started flying kites. It is still a popular hobby in Pakistan, China, Japan, Korea 2 in other countries of the Far East. In a clear day, you can see 3 (beautiful) decorated kites appear in different colors. Kites are made in many different sizes, colors and 4 (shape). Simple kites are made by crossing two sticks and covering them with paper or cloth. Then you attach a string at 5 end. 6 (fly) kite is great fun and it is easy if you know some secrets. A flat kite is the oldest and simplest type of kite. It flies because air flows over and under the kite’s wing. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin used a kite 7 (prove) that lightning was a form of electricity. He attached a metal key to the string of a kite. When lightning hit the kite, electricity passed down the string and Franklin got an electric shock. It was a very 8 (danger) experiment that you shouldn’t copy. In World War I, the Germans developed a large kite 9 could transport people to a submarine. Kites were also used to carry radio signals over long distances. Today most people fly kites as a hobby. Kite festivals 10 (organize) in many cities in all parts of the world. （24-25高一下·吉林长春·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A state-owned power company in China has announced plans to build the world’s biggest solar farm, capable of powering a small country. The £8.5 billion project 1 (construct) in northern China’s Inner Mongolia region and will dispatch electricity to the urban cluster of Jing-Jin-Ji, 2 (consist) of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. The 8 gigawatt facility is more than half 3 entire installed solar capacity in the UK, and capable of powering 4 (rough) 6 million homes. The integrated energy project will also include 4 GW of wind power, 4 GW of coal-fired power 5 200 MW of solar thermal, as well as a further 5 GWh set added at the site in energy storage. 6 (operate) by China’s Three Gorges Renewables Group, construction is expected 7 (begin) in September 2024 and come online by June 2027. Plans for the new facility 8 (announce) just weeks after a 5 GW complex was switched on in the north-west province of Xinjiang, becoming the 9 (big) operational solar plant in the world. Covering 200,000 acres in a desert region, the vast solar farm takes up the same space 10 New York City. China has installed more solar power capacity than any other country, with more than 600 GW connected to the grid as of November 2023. （24-25高一下·宁夏吴忠·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) presented a wonderful show. A group of humanoid robots 1 (create) by a leading Chinese technology company stole the spotlight. These robots were designed to perform the traditional Chinese Yangko dance (秧歌舞). 2 (prepare) for this performance, the robots practiced 3 (hard) than ever. They 4 (equip) with advanced artificial intelligence that allowed them to master every detail of the dance. Their bodies, 5 had multiple flexible joints, could move smoothly and precisely. During the show, the robots held colorful handkerchiefs vividly as they danced. The 6 (combine) of high technology and traditional art 7 (true) astonished the audience. People were deeply impressed by their 8 (amaze) movements. It was a perfect blend of modernity and tradition. This unique performance soon became 9 hot topic. Youngsters thought it was fantastic and full of creativity. Meanwhile, the elder generation also appreciated its beauty 10 cultural significance. （24-25高一下·山西临汾·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Screen time during infancy (婴儿期) may 1 (great) affect the development of children's brain abilities, scientists say. Researchers in Singapore found that children aged 9 years old showed differences in attention 2 brain activity connected to their screen time as infants. They said screen time as infants may affect childre’s executive function (执行功能), a set of skills 3 allow people to do things such as planning, 4 (focus) attention and remembering rules. The scientists looked at information from more than 400 children. When the children were 12 months old, their parents reported their screen time every day over the past month. The parents gave the same 5 (day) information five more times while their children were between the 6 (age) of 12 months and 54 months. Electrical activity in the brain 7 (record) for the children at 18 months old. Lab tests and reports by teachers were then used 8 (study) all of the children’s attention and brain function when they were 9 years old. It was found that the more time children spent with screens, the more their brain activity changed, and the 9 (bad) they did in executive function tasks. The study shows strong evidence (证据) that parents need to keep a close eye 10 how much time their children spend with screens, especially during early brain development. 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高一上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today, I’ll give you 1 brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not be familiar with. Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of 2 takes place behind the scenes. Firstly, sound effects are often added after a scene has been shot and might not be made in the way you would expect. For example, in Jurassic Park, the sounds of different animals 3 (mix) by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. Another aspect I attach great importance 4 is visual special effects. CGI has been 5 (frequent) used in film-making as a special effects technology. Generally, scenes 6 (require) CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio. As green doesn’t match any 7 (nature) hair or skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background. This enables CGI effects to be added later. Props also contribute to a film’s success. 8 (make) a film look real, great effort must sometimes be made to research, find and build objects. Let’s take Titanic as an example. Director James Cameron spent six months 9 (revise) plans of the Titanic. He talked to 10 (historian) to ensure that the details were correct. Finally, it took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$