精品解析：上海市行知中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中练习卷英语试题

上海市行知中学2024学年第二学期期中考试 高二年级英语试卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Fresh. B. Salty. C. Tender. D. Dry. 2. A. A luxurious tie. B. A set of classic works. C. A red scarf. D. A wallet. 3. A. In a barbershop. B. In the cinema. C. In the mall. D. In the library. 4. A. The boy stayed up all night. B. The boy came home too early. C. The boy is forgiven. D. The boy didn’t go home at night. 5. A. She will accompany the man who asks questions. B. She also doesn’t know the meaning of the term. C. She sympathized with the man very much. D. She is well aware of the meaning of the newly coined term. 6. A. She needs to hurry. B. The alarm clock didn’t ring. C. She broke the alarm clock. D. She is late for school. 7. A. $10,000. B. ¥11,000. C. ¥12,000. D. $11,000. 8. A. He couldn’t offer help because of his foot injury. B. He can’t stand the noise of these boxes moving. C. He can’t stand the woman carrying these boxes. D. He doesn’t want to carry the box down from the fifth floor. 9. A. He is just an ordinary man, not a hero. B. He wants the woman to publicize his deeds. C. He has already finished financial aid for students. D. He wants the woman to keep it a secret. 10. A. The woman likes to take a shower before going to bed. B. The man can’t have a shower before going to bed. C. Hot water is supplied in the hotel until 10 p.m. in winter. D. The hotel still supplies hot water after 10 p.m. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Have a professional energy checkup. B. Update all the household appliances. C. Make a do-it-yourself home energy checkup. D. Find the leaks on the outside of your home. 12. A. Because it can help you save energy in a house. B. Because it can help you decide where should be upgraded first. C. Because it can help you remember where you have inspected. D. Because it can help you reduce the air leaks. 13. A. How to choose a professional energy checkup. B. How to conduct the home energy checkup. C. How to make a list of obvious air leaks. D How to save energy in your home. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To make people remember him. B. To show his excellent talent. C. To remember the moments in university. D. To recall his childhood. 15. A. It used some advanced narrative skills. B. It is easy to understand the deep meaning. C. It has a kind of bell ringing quality. D. It is suitable to recite aloud with expression. 16. A. He likes to compose poems at quiet corners. B. He graduated from Harvard University in 1995. C. He wrote only two poems in his life. D. He had a good time at Harvard. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. His office is richly decorated. B. He has used this office for a week. C. His office is very modern. D. His office space is spacious enough. 18. A. To record his trip next week. B. To communicate with overseas scholars. C. To collect cost-effective web cameras. D. To record the contents of the report file. 19. A. A chair that rises up and down and has arms. B. A modern simple chair. C. A folded chair without a handle. D. A second-hand solid wood chair. 20. A. How to choose a web camera. B. How to prepare for an online meeting report. C. How to improve Professor White’s office. D. How to decorate Professor White’s office. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Melody Maker The 15-year-old girl Zhang Yuxuan has attracted nearly 1.7 million followers on China’s leading video-sharing platform Bilibili and made national headlines. Yuxuan’s most hit clip—the release of her English song “She”— _____1_____ (view) more than 14 million times and received over 1 million thumbs-up emoji on Bilibili. “In the clip, I tried to let viewers _____2_____ (know) the process of creating the song,” says Yuxuan, who lives in Shenzhen. The six-minute video tells _____3_____ a melody which comes to the schoolgirl’s mind during a math class is developed into a beautiful song in half an hour. She records playing the guitar on Apple’s music-making app GarageBand, and then _____4_____ (mix) vocals and backing tracks. _____5_____ (fascinate) by music from an early age, Yuxuan started to take violin lessons after entering primary school. Meanwhile, she became a fan of English songs by Barbadian singer Rihanna, US singer Taylor Swift, British singer Adele and Australian singer Sia Furler. After five years of violin practice in primary school, the then-fifth grader became a student of Russian violinist Gleb Dontsov with the support from her parents. “_____6_____ my parents know the difficulty in developing a career in music, they have always been on my side.” Now the girl has got _____7_____ the spotlight, and many of her classmates, even her teachers, follow her on social media. “Our school will support students, like Yuxuan, to pursue their dreams,” said Guo Wen Xin, her class teacher, _____8_____ (add) that sudden fame means both opportunity and challenge for the teens. “On one hand, the creative girl is passionate about music and social media provides a stage _____9_____ her music can be enjoyed by more people. On the other hand, she still has a long way to go, during which she _______10_______ keep learning,” the teacher said. 【答案】1. has been viewed 2. know 3. how 4. mixes 5. Fascinated 6. Although##Though 7. into 8. adding 9. where 10. must 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了15岁女孩张宇轩在哔哩哔哩平台上吸引了大量粉丝并成为全国焦点并介绍了她的创作过程以及她对音乐的热爱。 【1题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：张宇轩最热门的视频——她发布的英文歌曲《She》——已经被观看超过1400万次，并在Bilibili上获得了超过100万个点赞。空处作谓语，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，Yuxuan’s most hit clip和view为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has been viewed。 【2题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：“在这个视频里，我试图让观众了解这首歌的创作过程。”住在深圳的宇轩说道。let sb do sth是固定短语，表示“让某人做某事”。故填know。 【3题详解】 考查宾语从句的连词。句意：这个六分钟的视频讲述了这位女学生在数学课上想到的一个旋律是如何在半小时内发展成一首优美的歌曲的。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应该使用连接副词how引导。故填how。 【4题详解】 考查一般现在时。句意：她在苹果的音乐制作应用程序GarageBand上录制了弹吉他的音频，然后混合了人声和伴奏音轨。空处作谓语，由and和records可知，应该使用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填mixes。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于从小就被音乐迷住，宇轩在进入小学后开始学习小提琴。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，fascinate与逻辑主语Yuxuan之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式作原因状语，句首字母需大写。故填Fascinated。 【6题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：尽管我的父母知道在音乐领域发展事业的困难，但他们一直支持我。根据“my parents know the difficulty in developing a career in music”和“they have always been on my side”可知，前后是转折关系，表示“尽管”应用although或though引导让步状语从句，需用连词although或though，句首字母需大写。故填Although或Though。 【7题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：现在这个女孩受到了关注，她的许多同学，甚至她的老师，都在社交媒体上关注她。get into the spotlight为固定短语，意为“受到关注”。故填into。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们学校会支持像宇轩这样的学生追求他们的梦想。”她的班主任郭文欣说道，并补充说突然成名对青少年来说既有机遇也有挑战。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，add与其逻辑主语Guo Wen Xin之间是主动关系，应该使用现在分词作伴随状语。故填adding。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一方面，这个有创造力的女孩热爱音乐，社交媒体提供了一个舞台，在这个舞台上她的音乐能被更多人欣赏。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词stage，它在从句中作地点状语，应该填入关系副词where引导。故填where。 【10题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：另一方面，她还有很长的路要走，在这期间她必须不断学习。结合句意，她还有很长的路要走，那么就必须要学习，应该填入情态动词must。故填must。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. endured B. strong C. operating D. inspired E. facility F. stand G. orderly H. originally I. performing J. decade K. violence Denis Mukwege never intended to become Dr. Miracle, an award-winning gynecologist (妇科医生). He grew up in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) as a priest’s kid. In fact, it was visiting the sick with his father that ____11____ him to become a doctor in the first place. The country has ____12____ more than two decades of conflict, and Congolese women have suffered worst. Warring for control of the country’s gold and precious mineral deposits, rebel groups are cruelly attacking the region’s women. During the last ____13____ the DRC has actually been described as “the rape (强暴) capital of the world”. One study found that 48 women are raped every hour in the country. One man stands ____14____ against this hurt, and has done so for more than 20 years. He first set up the Panzi hospital — ____15____ made of tents — in 1998. After losing the hospital the same year in the crossfire of the Second Congo War, Mukwege rebuilt the following year. Since then, Panzi hospital has grown to become a major health ____16____. There, Mukwege reportedly cares for more than 3,500 women a year, sometimes ____17____ as many as 10 operations a day. Last year while ____18____ in the hospital, Mukwege heard the news that he, along with Nadia Murad, had been awarded the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize. The prize centers on acknowledging “their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war.” He, a doctor, and she an Iraqi human rights activist who suffered in the same way that so many of Mukwege’s patients have, should inspire everyone to take a(n) ____19____ for peace. For Mukwege, “When I see how strong women are, all my motivation comes from them.” Winning the Peace Prize could be the first step toward an end to ____20____ against women. 【答案】11. D 12. A 13. J 14. B 15. H 16. E 17. I 18. C 19. F 20. K 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了刚果妇科医生Denis Mukwege的事迹，他在该国多年冲突中为受暴力侵害的女性提供治疗，获2018年诺贝尔和平奖。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：事实上，最初是和父亲一起去看望病人激励他成为一名医生。根据后文“him to become a doctor”可知，此处表示激励他成为医生，inspire sb. to do sth.是固定用法，意为“激励某人做某事”，inspire作谓语动词，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：这个国家经历了二十多年的冲突，刚果妇女遭受的苦难最为严重。根据后文“more than two decades of conflict”可知，此处表示经历冲突，endure意为“忍受，经历”，作谓语，用过去分词endured构成现在完成时态has endured。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，刚果民主共和国实际上被描述为“世界强奸之都”。根据语境可知，这里说的是过去的一段时间，结合所给词汇，decade意为“十年”，符合语境。故选J。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：有一个人强烈地反对这种伤害，并且已经这样做了二十多年。stand strong against是固定表达，意为“坚定地反对”，副词strong作状语，意为“强烈地，猛烈地”。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查副词。句意：他于1998年首次建立了潘齐医院，最初是由帐篷搭建而成的。根据前文“He first set up the Panzi hospital”和后文“made of tents”可推知，潘齐医院最初由帐篷搭建而成，用副词originally来修饰整个短语，作状语，意为“最初，原先”。故选H。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：从那时起，潘齐医院已经发展成为一个主要的医疗设施。根据前文“Panzi hospital has grown to become a major...”和常识可知，这里说的是医院成为一个医疗设施，名词facility意为“设施”，符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：在那里，据报道Mukwege每年要照顾3500多名妇女，有时一天要做多达10台手术。根据后文“as many as 10 operations a day”可知，此处表示做手术，perform operations是固定表达，意为“做手术”，这里用现在分词，作伴随状语。故选I。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：去年，当他在医院做手术时，Mukwege听到了他和Nadia Murad获得2018年诺贝尔和平奖的消息。根据前文“There, Mukwege reportedly cares for more than 3,500 women a year, sometimes 7 as many as 10 operations a day.”和后文“in the hospital”可推知，Mukwege在医院做手术，用动词operate，意为“做手术”，while引导省略的时间状语从句，完整形式是while he was operating，省略了主语和be动词，保留现在分词operating。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他，一位医生，和她，一位像Mukwege的许多病人一样遭受苦难的伊拉克人权活动家，应该激励每个人为和平挺身而出。结合前文“a doctor”和“human rights activist”可推知，两者都会为和平挺身而出，用动词短语take a stand for，意为“为……挺身而出”。故选F。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：获得和平奖可能是结束对妇女暴力行为的第一步。根据前文提到的妇女遭受强暴等内容可知，这里说的是结束对妇女的暴力，用名词violence作宾语，意为“暴力”。故选K。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Before arriving in Paris, Wu Shuyun, a 56-year-old Chinese housewife, imagined the French capital to be like film set for a romantic love story, ____21____ herself as a fashionable princess surrounded by elegant Parisians. Instead, Ms. Wu said she was ____22____ by the cigarette butts and dog poo on the street, and the ____23____ of the locals. Though friends had warned her about ____24____ targeting Chinese people, she said she was nevertheless surprised when a number of her tour group was ____25____ on a crowded Metro train, as other passengers looked on. “For the Chinese, France has always been romantic, mysterious and ____26____,” Ms. Wu said after a two-week tour. “Once I realized that the Parisians were indifferent, I made a ____27____: try to make the most of the trip, but never come back to Paris again.” Psychologists warned that Chinese tourists, shaken by ____28____, were at risk of Paris Syndrome, a condition during which foreigners suffer depression and anxiety when their rosy imagination of champagne, magnificent architecture and Monet are ____29____. The expression was coined 30 years ago by Paris-based Japanese psychiatrist, Hiroaki Ota, after several Japanese visitors to Paris fell ill when their culture of _____30_____ was met with French arrogance (傲慢). Thomas Deschamps, the head of research at the Paris Tourism Office, said culture shock was particularly _____31_____ among travelers from Asia, who sometimes wrongly regarded the French capital as a museum. “They watch movies like Amelie (《天使爱美丽》). They think all Parisians carry Louis Vuitton purses and smell like Dior,” Thomas said. “They don’t know about the working-class suburbs, the overworked waiters, the more _____32_____ parts of the city. Paris is not a museum. People are _____33_____. They are stressed and living their lives.” To help protect Chinese tourists, the local tourism industry has redoubled its efforts to be more _____34_____ sensitive. An online guide for hotels and businesses notes that for serving Chinese visitors, “a simple _____35_____ and hello in their language will obviously put them at ease.” 21. A. wanting B. painting C. picturing D. appearing 22. A. frightened B. shocked C. worried D. pleased 23. A. concern B. warmth C. anger D. indifference 24. A. policemen B. thieves C. locals D. drivers 25. A. robbed B. beaten C. threatened D. pushed 26. A. satisfying B. attractive C. damaging D. surprising 27. A. choice B. proposal C. difference D. decision 28. A. unhappiness B. expectation C. hope D. disappointment 29. A. overlooked B. destroyed C. canceled D. established 30. A. tolerance B. acceptance C. consideration D. politeness 31. A. familiar B. unusual C. common D. frequent 32. A. unpleasant B. terrific C. horrible D. uncomfortable 33. A. 1ay B. busy C. honest D. simple 34. A. economically B. politically C. culturally D. socially 35. A. smile B. praise C. gesture D. greeting 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国游客吴淑云在巴黎的经历，以及她对巴黎的浪漫幻想与现实之间的巨大落差。文章还探讨了巴黎旅游业如何通过文化敏感性来帮助中国游客更好地适应。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在抵达巴黎之前，56岁的中国家庭主妇吴淑云想象着法国首都就像浪漫爱情故事的电影场景，她把自己想象成一个被优雅的巴黎人包围的时尚公主。A. wanting想要；B. painting描绘；C. picturing想象；D. appearing出现。根据下文“as a fashionable princess surrounded by elegant Parisians”可知，吴女士在来法国之前，对法国抱有很多美好的想象。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，吴女士说，她对街上的烟头、狗屎以及当地人的冷漠感到震惊。A. frightened害怕的；B. shocked震惊的；C. worried担心的；D. pleased高兴的。根据下文“cigarette butts and dog poo on the street”可知，怀揣美好想象的吴女士看到满街的烟头和狗屎，她肯定会感到震惊。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吴淑云说，她对街上的烟头、狗屎和当地人的冷漠感到震惊。A. concern关心；B. warmth热情；C. anger愤怒；D. indifference冷漠。根据下文“as other passengers looked on”可知，面对危险情况，当地人只是旁观，这里表示当地人的冷漠。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管朋友们曾警告她有针对中国人的小偷，但她还是对一群游客在拥挤的地铁上被抢劫感到惊讶，其他乘客只是旁观。A. policemen警察；B. thieves小偷；C. locals当地人；D. drivers司机。根据上文“had warned her”可知，这里表示有小偷，只有遇到小偷才需要发出警告，其余选项不符合语境。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管朋友们曾警告她有针对中国人的小偷，但她还是对一群游客在拥挤的地铁上被抢劫感到惊讶，其他乘客只是旁观。A. robbed抢劫；B. beaten打败；C. threatened威胁；D. pushed推。根据上文“thieves targeting Chinese people”可知，有专门针对中国人的小偷，小偷能做的动作就是抢劫。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吴淑云在两周的旅行后说：“对中国人来说，法国一直是浪漫、神秘和吸引人的。”A. satisfying令人满意的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. damaging有害的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据上文“romantic, mysterious”可知，这里表示吸引人的，其余选项不符合语境。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦意识到巴黎人冷漠，她就做出了一个决定：尽量享受这次旅行，但再也不回巴黎了。A. choice选择；B. proposal提议；C. difference不同；D. decision决定。根据下文“never come back to Paris again”可知，吴女士再也不想回巴黎了，这里表示她做出了一个决定。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家警告说，被失望情绪困扰的中国游客有患巴黎综合症的风险，这是一种外国人在他们对香槟、宏伟建筑和莫奈的浪漫幻想破灭时会感到抑郁和焦虑的状况。A. unhappiness不快乐；B. expectation期望；C. hope希望；D. disappointment失望。根据上文“shaken by”可知，中国游客往往被震惊，因为他们的幻想被打破了，因此会感到失望。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学家警告说，被失望情绪困扰的中国游客有患巴黎综合症的风险，这是一种外国人在他们对香槟、宏伟建筑和莫奈的浪漫幻想破灭时会感到抑郁和焦虑的状况。A. overlooked忽视；B. destroyed破坏；C. canceled取消；D. established建立。根据上文“suffer depression and anxiety”可知，这里表示他们对法国的各种幻想被破坏了。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种表达是由巴黎的日本精神病学家Hiroaki Ota 30年前创造的，当时一些日本游客在巴黎生病，因为他们的礼貌文化遇到了法国人的傲慢。A. tolerance容忍；B. acceptance接受；C. consideration考虑；D. politeness礼貌。根据下文“met with French arrogance”可知，和法国人的傲慢相对应的，应该是日本人的礼貌文化。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巴黎旅游局研究负责人Thomas Deschamps表示，文化冲击在亚洲旅行者中尤为常见，他们有时错误地将法国首都视为博物馆。A. familiar熟悉的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. common常见的；D. frequent频繁的。根据下文“among travelers from Asia”可知，这里表示文化冲击在亚洲旅行者中较为常见。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们不了解工人阶级郊区、过度劳累的侍者和城市中更不愉快的部分。A. unpleasant不愉快的；B. terrific极好的；C. horrible可怕的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。根据上文“the working-class suburbs, the overworked waiters”可知，工薪阶层和负载过重的服务员都代表了城市中不愉快的部分。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们很忙。他们有压力，过着自己的生活。A. lazy懒惰的；B. busy忙碌的；C. honest诚实的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“They are stressed and living their lives”可知，人们的生活压力很大，说明这里表示人们很忙。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了保护中国游客，当地旅游业加倍努力，更加注重文化敏感性。A. economically经济上；B. politically政治上；C. culturally文化上；D. socially社会上。根据下文“a simple smile and hello in their language”可知，法国为了迎合中国游客也做出了一些改变，这里表示注重文化敏感性，从而更加符合中国人的文化。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一份针对酒店和企业的在线指南指出，为了服务中国游客，“一个简单的微笑和用他们的语言打招呼显然会让他们放松。”A. smile微笑；B. praise表扬；C. gesture手势；D. greeting问候。根据下文“and hello in their language”可知，和人打招呼需要面带微笑。故选A项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Home to 8.2 million people, 36 percent of whom were born outside the United States, New York, known as the Big Apple, is the biggest city in America. Nearly twenty times bigger than the capital, Washington DC, you might expect New York to be twenty times more dangerous. Actually, it’s safer. Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities. It’s also healthier than it used to be. For example, the smoking rate has gone down from 21.5 percent a few years ago, to 16.9 percent today. New Yorkers should be delighted, shouldn’t they? In fact, many feel that New York is losing its identity. It used to be the city that never sleeps. These days it’s the city that never smokes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple. If you decided to have a picnic in Central Park, you’d need to be careful — if you decided to feed the birds with your sandwich, you could be arrested. It’s banned. In many countries a mobile phone going off in the cinema in annoying. In New York it’s illegal. So is putting your bag on an empty seat in the subway. If you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette, that would be OK, wouldn’t it? Er… no. You can’t smoke in public in New York City. In fact, you can’t smoke outdoors on the street or in parks either. The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, “Under New York City law it is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray.” He should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray. But not all of New York’s inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugarry, seventy-two, said, “The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these laws, America would be a better place to live.” The new laws have helped turn the city into one of the healthiest — and most pleasant places to live in America — very different from its old image of a dirty and dangerous city. Its pavements are almost litter-free, its bars clean and its streets among American’s safest. Not putting your bag on subway seats might be a small price to pay. 36. The author writes Paragraph 1 in order to tell the reader that New York is ________. A. bigger than Washington D.C. B. the city with most immigrants C. safer and healthier D. the most populated city in the U.S. 37. Which of the following is forbidden by law in New York? A. Eating sandwich in the Central Park. B. Putting a bag on an empty subway seat. C. Turning on the sound of the mobile phone. D. Smoking at home. 38. What does Graydon Carter imply? A. Some of New York’s new laws are not reasonable. B. A gun is much easier to get than an ashtray. C. The police had no right to take away his ashtray. D. There should be a law to keep guns away from people. 39. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. New York has become the safest city in the United States due to strict laws. B. New York’s transformation has sparked debates about its cultural identity. C. The population growth of immigrants has significantly changed New York’s social structure. D Most New Yorkers strongly oppose the new laws aimed at improving public health. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国纽约这座城市如今正变得更加安全和健康，文章介绍了纽约的一些新法律以及人们对这些法律的不同看法。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Nearly twenty times bigger than the capital, Washington DC, you might expect New York to be twenty times more dangerous. Actually, it’s safer. Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities. It’s also healthier than it used to be. For example, the smoking rate has gone down from 21.5 percent a few years ago, to 16.9 percent today. (几乎比首都华盛顿大20倍，你可能会认为纽约比华盛顿危险20倍，实际上，它更安全。最近的数据显示，纽约现在每10万人的犯罪率低于美国其他193个城市。它也比以前更健康。例如，吸烟率已经从几年前的21.5%下降到今天的16.9%。)”可推知，作者写第一段主要是告诉读者纽约更安全更健康。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In New York it’s illegal. So is putting your bag on an empty seat in the subway. (在纽约，这是违法的。在地铁里把你的包放在空的座位上也是违法的。)”可知在地铁里把你的包放在空的座位上在纽约是违法的。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, “Under New York City law it is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray.” He should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray. (《名利场》杂志的编辑格雷顿·卡特愤怒地说：“根据纽约市的法律，在工作场所放一支枪是可以接受的，但一个空烟灰缸就不行。”他应该知道。警察来到他的办公室，拿走了他的烟灰缸。)”可推知，Gray don Carter认为纽约的一些新法律是不合理的。故选A。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“New Yorkers should be delighted, shouldn’t they? In fact, many feel that New York is losing its identity. It used to be the city that never sleeps. These days it’s the city that never smokes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple. (纽约人应该感到高兴，不是吗？事实上，许多人觉得纽约正在失去自己的身份。它曾经是一座不夜城。如今，这个城市从不吸烟、喝酒或做任何不得体的事情（至少在公共场合不这样做）。“大苹果”正迅速变成“禁果”。)”以及倒数第二段“But not all of New York’s inhabitants are complaining. (但并不是所有的纽约居民都在抱怨。)”可知，B选项“纽约的转型引发了关于其文化认同的争论”正确。故选B。 (B) DONALD SLOAN Gates Hall University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 913-243-1682 After May 2009: 46 Clayton Drive St．Louis, MO 63130 314-726-8840 Objective To work with the client (委托人) population in a social service position. Education B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009 Major: Social Services Minor: Applied Psychology Experience Assistant Activities Supervisor,Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present．Help organize and implement recreational activities for nursing home residents．Activities include crafts, dances, day trips, sing-alongs, and visiting performers. Hotline Volunteer．Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006-May 2007．Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community．Dealt with drug use, unwanted pregnancies, failing grades, and the breakdown of parent-teen relationships. Nurse’s Aide,Danyers General Hospital, St．Louis, MO, Summer 2006．Assisted nurses in patient care．Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery. Activities University Concert Board．Work with other board members to plan and implement on-campus concerts. Senior Gift Campaign．Help manage the campaign to raise funds for the senior class gift to the university. Residence Hall Programming Board．Planned social events for Eggar Residence Hall. Skills Fluent in French．Water safety instructor．Skilled at working with people. Interests Skiing, softball, classical music, and guitar． 40. This passage is most probably ______. A. an advertisement for enrolling new employees B. a school report at the end of an academic year C. a self-introduction meant to apply for a job D. a part of a recommendation letter from a university 41. According to the “Experience” section, we can infer that Donald Sloan can be _____. A. a wise leader B. a skillful performer C. a gifted scientist D. a good social worker 42. From the passage we can learn that Donald Sloan ______. A. is good at singing and dancing B. is about to graduate from a university C has an interest in being a surgeon D. specializes in psychology 【答案】40. C 41. D 42. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了DONALD SLOAN的准备申请工作的自我介绍。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是“Objective、Education、Experience、Activities、Skills、Interests”结合生活经验可推断出，本文是准备申请工作的自我介绍。故选C项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题，根据“Assistant Activities Supervisor, Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present .Hotline Volunteer．Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006- May 2007．Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community．...Nurse’s Aide, Danyers General Hospital, St．Louis, MO, Summer 2006．Assisted nurses in patient care．Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery.”可知，DONALD SLOAN做过助理活动主管 ，热线志愿者，护士助理。由此推断出Donald Sloan是一位经历丰富的社会工作者。故选D项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据Education “B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009 Major: Social Services Minor: Applied Psychology”及“After May 2009:”可知，堪萨斯州劳伦斯市堪萨斯大学文学学士，2009年。专业:社会服务。辅修:应用心理学。2009年5月之后毕业。所以Donald Sloan是一位将要毕业的大学生。故选B项。 (C) The legend of the potential third runway at Heathrow, Britain’s largest airport, has been called the longest take-off in history. A commission in 1993 recommended expansion, and the government first favored the plan in 2003. But it was not until 2018 that the transport secretary finally gave the project the go ahead. A court of Appeal ruling in February 2020 that the runway was not compatible with Britain’s obligations under the Paris climate agreement of 2015 appeared to have finally spoiled the plans. But on December 16th the Supreme Court overturned that judgment and once more green-lit the project. The initial Court of Appeal judgment found that the government’s decision to allow the expansion to go ahead was unlawful because Chris Grayling, then transport secretary, had failed to take the Paris agreement into account. While that was a blow to Heathrow, it helped get Boris Johnson’s government out of trouble. Mr. Johnson, whose own constituency (选民) is near the airport, has been a fierce critic of the expansion plans, famously pledging to protesters that he would “lie down with you in front of those bulldozers (推土机) and ... stop the construction.” The government chose not to appeal, but Heathrow did; and the Supreme Court decided that the government had taken Paris into account, and the Court of Appeal was therefore wrong. Even so, the expansion may not go ahead. While the airline industry has long championed a third runway, much has changed since February 2020. British Airways, Heathrow’s largest customer, has become skeptical about the plans. Earlier this year Willie Walsh, the chief executive of BA’s parent company, argued that “it was a Herculean task (艰巨的任务) before COVID and I think it’s impossible now”. Although air travel will almost certainly rebound as social-distancing restrictions are eased in 2021, the industry is not expecting a quick recovery. The International Air Travel Association, a lobby group, expects that global spending on air travel will be about half of 2019 levels in 2021. Short-haul flights from Britain are expected to rise sharply as the vaccine is rolled out and consumers dash off to sunnier climes, but the outlook for longer-haul flights remains highly uncertain. Analysts reckon the big unknown is the future of business travel. Firms that have grown accustomed to Zoom meetings may well be less keen to splash out on high-priced tickets from London to New York. Although business flyers account for only around 10% of transatlantic customer they pay ten to 12 times as much per ticket as economy passengers. A substantial fall in their numbers would mean large rises in ticket prices for the rest, which in turn would dent demand. If long-haul flight volumes remain depressed, then the business case for a third runway at Heathrow starts to look ropy. Boris Johnson is unlikely to have to prostrate (卧倒) himself in front of those bulldozers soon, if ever. 43. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about the potential third runway at Heathrow? A. It didn’t get support from the government in 2003. B. It failed to meet the Paris climate agreement of 2015. C. The transport secretary then in 2018 didn’t think highly of the project. D. The Supreme Court gave the permission to construct the runway at the end of 2020. 44. Which of the following subjects is most supportive of the construction of the third runway? A. Boris Johnson’s government B. Heathrow airport C. the airline industry D. the International Air Travel Association 45. Which of the following statements can be inferred according to the passage? A. The airline industry is expected to recover soon after the vaccine is popularized. B. Zoom meetings make possible more frequent high-priced business travels across the Atlantic Ocean. C. Business flyers have a limited influence on the sales and prices of air tickets. D. Heathrow is allowed to build a third runway, but may no longer need one. 46. Which one is the best title for the passage? A. Heathrow expansion: cleared for take-off? B. An unknown future for the airline industry C. A dilemma for the government: to expand or not? D. British Airways are hungry for travelers 【答案】43. D 44. B 45. D 46. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的议案所引起的争议，虽然最后议案获准，但是它的前景可能是暗淡的。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“A court of Appeal ruling in February 2020 that the runway was not compatible with Britain’s obligations under the Paris climate agreement of 2015 appeared to have finally spoiled the plans. But on December 16h the Supreme Court overturned that judgment and once more green-lit the project”（2020年2月，上诉法院(court of Appeal)裁定，跑道不符合英国在2015年巴黎气候协议中承担的义务，这似乎最终破坏了计划。但在12月16日，最高法院推翻了这一判决，再次批准了该项目）可知，最高法院在2020年底批准建造跑道，因此D选项正确。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“The government chose not to appeal, but Heathrow did; and the Supreme Court decided that the government had taken Paris into account, and the Court of Appeal was therefore wrong”（政府选择不上诉，但希思罗上诉了;最高法院认为政府考虑到了巴黎，因此上诉法院是错误的）可知，希思罗机场为了建第三条跑道而上诉，因此它是最支持建设第三条跑道的，故选B。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“If long-haul flight volumes remain depressed, then the business case for a third runway at Heathrow starts to look ropy”（如果长途航班数量仍然低迷，那么希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的商业前景就开始变得黯淡）可知，希思罗机场获准修建第三条跑道，但可能不再需要了，故选D。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“A court of Appeal ruling in February 2020 that the runway was not compatible with Britain’s obligations under the Paris climate agreement of 2015 appeared to have finally spoiled the plans. But on December 16h the Supreme Court overturned that judgment and once more green-lit the project”（2020年2月，上诉法院(court of Appeal)裁定，跑道不符合英国在2015年巴黎气候协议中承担的义务，这似乎最终破坏了计划。但在12月16日，最高法院推翻了这一判决，再次批准了该项目），及最后一段的“A substantial fall in their numbers would mean large rises in ticket prices for the rest, which in turn would dent demand. If long-haul flight volumes remain depressed, then the business case for a third runway at Heathrow starts to look ropy”（他们数量的大幅下降将意味着其余的票价将大幅上涨，而这反过来又将削弱需求。如果长途航班数量仍然低迷，那么希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的商业前景就开始变得黯淡）可知，本文主要讲的是希思罗机场建设第三条跑道的议案虽然遭到一些反对，但是它的前景如何不确定，因此最好的题目是A选项Heathrow expansion: cleared for take-off?（希思罗机场扩建：可以起飞了吗?），故选A。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Waverly Pilot (翻译耳机) Technology seems to be advancing daily, but the Pilot by Waverly Labs, the world’s first translation earpiece, might be a truly huge step forward for communication. The product Though the Pilot is still very much in development, the product will be sold as two earpieces and a smartphone app. When first released, the technology will translate between only five European languages — English, Spanish, French, Italian and Portuguese. ____47____ The app runs speech recognition, machine translation and speech synthesis processes before sending the new speech to the listener’s earpiece. Applications ____48____ The added convenience of these will make the device useful in several social spheres, particularly business and travel. While sales meetings and tourism may be revolutionized by the Pilot, the desire to communicate with a foreign crush inspired Waverly Labs’ CEO to develop it. Sei-fi dreams coming true ____49____ It reached its US $75,000 goal in 15 minutes, US $1 million in hours and eventually more than US $2 million with the help of over 11,000 backers. It seems that the Pilot captured the imagination of many who had seen similar technology in science fiction, like a Forbes writer expressed it in the following quote. “The Waverly Labs Pilot is as close as I’ve seen to the Universal Translator I was promised by Star Trek when I was a kid.” Flying into the future Though the Pilot’s translation app is available now, the entire earpiece package is planned for delivery in May 2017 at a retail cost of US $250 to $300. ____50____ A. The earpiece has microphones to isolate the speaker’s voice, after which the speech will be sent to the app. B. The pilot can translate the information without any delay and pass it to the listener as quickly as possible. C. The product proved to be a great success the first time it appeared in the market, which helped its backers realize their dreams. D. The Pilot is joining other translators like Skype Translator and Google Translate, but it’s the first to add earpieces to the concept. E. For now, Waverly Labs is still hard at work improving the Pilot’s speed of translation and developing an offline mode. F. When the fundraising for the Pilot was launched on Indiegogo in May this year, it became apparent just how much the market wanted the product. 【答案】47. A 48. D 49. F 50. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一款翻译耳机的功能、性能和其发展的未来等。 【47题详解】 根据上文“Though the Pilot is still very much in development, the product will be sold as two earpieces and a smartphone app. When first released, the technology will translate between only five European languages — English, Spanish, French, Italian and Portuguese.(虽然Pilot仍处于研发阶段，但该产品将以两款耳机和一款智能手机应用的形式出售。该技术首次发布时，只能翻译五种欧洲语言——英语、西班牙语、法语、意大利语和葡萄牙语)”可知，此处主要说明该应用程序的运行过程，故A项“耳机上有麦克风，可以隔离说话者的声音，然后把说话者的声音发送到应用程序上”承接上下文，其中speech是关键词，故选A。 【48题详解】 根据下文“The added convenience of these will make the device useful in several social spheres, particularly business and travel. While sales meetings and tourism may be revolutionized by the Pilot, the desire to communicate with a foreign crush inspired Waverly Labs’CEO to develop it.(这些额外的便利将使该设备在几个社会领域，特别是商务和旅行中有用。虽然Pilot可能会给销售会议和旅游带来革命性的变化，但与外国恋人交流的愿望激发了韦弗利实验室首席执行官开发它的灵感)”可知，这些附加的便利将使该设备在几个社交领域中发挥作用，特别是在商务和旅行方面。由此可知，the added convenience of these指代pilot新加入的一些翻译器，故D选项“Pilot加入了Skype Translator和谷歌Translate等其他翻译器的行列，但它是第一个将耳机添加到概念中的翻译器”承接下文，故选D。 【49题详解】 根据下文“It reached its US $75,000 goal in 15 minutes, US $1 million in hours and eventually more than US $2 million with the help of over 11,000 backers. It seems that the Pilot captured the imagination of many who had seen similar technology in science fiction, like a Forbes writer expressed it in the following quote. “The Waverly Labs Pilot is as close as I’ve seen to the Universal Translator I was promised by Star Trek when I was a kid.”(它在15分钟内达到了7.5万美元的目标，在几个小时内达到了100万美元，最终在1.1万多名支持者的帮助下达到了200多万美元。似乎Pilot抓住了许多在科幻小说中看到类似技术的人的想象力，就像福布斯作家在下面引用的那样。“威弗利实验室的飞行员是我见过的最接近我小时候《星际迷航》向我承诺的通用翻译器。”)”可知，在11000多名支持者的帮助下，它在15分钟内完成了7.5万美元的目标，在几小时内完成了100万美元的目标，最终完成了200多万美元的目标。可知，由于这款产品的需求很大，众筹平台开始进行融资，故E项“今年5月，当Pilot在Indiegogo上启动融资时，市场对这款产品的需求就显而易见了”承接下文，故选F。 【50题详解】 根据本段的小标题“Flying into the future(飞向未来)”可知，本段主要说明在未来对这款产品的展望，根据后文“Additional language packages will be developed and sold soon after the product’s release so that people everywhere can make use of this amazing device.(更多的语言包将在产品发布后很快开发和销售，这样世界各地的人们都可以使用这个神奇的设备)”提及到这款产品的价格和附加的语言包，此处说明Pilot程序的运行速度和发展为离线模式仍然是继续努力的方向，故E项“目前，Waverly Labs仍在努力提高Pilot的翻译速度和开发离线模式”符合本段主题，故选E项。 Ⅳ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. People choose to become entrepreneurs( 创 业 者 ） for a wide variety of reasons. One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur, dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; ifs limited only by the success of your business. And speaking of bosses, not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do. They often have big dreams that that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need. It’s a way to change the world for the better. Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours, especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground. That’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic( 伦 理 ).Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there’s no end in sight. That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be willing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That’s important for finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees. Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter. This is important from the very beginning, when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This passage is about the advantages and challenges of starting a business. On one hand, a boss can get financial rewards and independence avoiding control from others. On the other hand, a boss must have passion for his own business, good communication skills and creative thinking, which can help him solve problems. 【解析】 【分析】文章的主要结构为总-分。主要讲关于企业家创业的优势和所要具备的品质。符合概要写作常规出题思路。 【详解】第一段讲述企业家创业一个重要的原因经济上的回报。第二段讲述企业家通常是独立的思考者。可以用到的词汇或句型有：financial rewards，independence，avoid from，control，others等。第三段主要讲企业家需要有强烈的职业道德的原因。第四段讲了成功企业家的另一个特征是激情。第五段讲了企业家还需要成为有创造力的人。可以用到的词汇或句式有：passion，business，good communication skills，creative thinking，solve problems等。所以可以概括为两方面，一方面描述创业成为企业家的优势；另一方面描述要成为成功企业家所要具备的品质。 Ⅴ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 既然生活中压力不可避免，何不调整心态，积极应对？（why not）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Since stress in life is inevitable, why not adjust our mindset and face it positively? 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。按照题目要求，“何不……”可以使用句型why not...；“既然”翻译为since，“生活中的压力”翻译为stress in life；“不可避免的”使用形容词inevitable；“调整心态”翻译为adjust our mindset，“积极应对”翻译为face it positively。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Since stress in life is inevitable, why not adjust our mindset and face it positively? 53. 有些看似简单的激励话语往往能帮我们振作起来，走出困境。（inspire）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Some/Certain/a few seemingly simple inspiring words can often/usually/frequently help/assist/aid us to cheer up/perk up and get out of trouble/get through tough times/break free from predicaments.或Some/Certain/a few inspiring words that/which seem/look simple can often/usually/frequently help/assist/aid us to cheer up/perk up and get out of trouble/get through tough times/break free from predicaments. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、形容词及从句。“一些看似简单的激励话语”，用短语表达，可译为Some/Certain/a few seemingly simple inspiring words，用从句表达，可译为Some/Certain/a few inspiring words that/which seem/look simple；“往往能够帮助我们去做某事”，可译为can often/usually/frequently help/assist/aid us to do sth.；“振作起来”，可译为cheer up/perk up； “走出困境”，可译为get out of trouble/get through tough times/break free from predicaments。故整句可译为Some/Certain/a few seemingly simple inspiring words can often/usually/frequently help/assist/aid us to cheer up/perk up and get out of trouble/get through tough times/break free from predicaments.或Some/Certain/a few inspiring words that/which seem/look simple can often/usually/frequently help/assist/aid us to cheer up/perk up and get out of trouble/get through tough times/break free from predicaments. 54. 与其担心可能的失败而畏手畏脚，错失良机，不如仔细计划，大胆行动。(rather) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Rather than hesitating over potential failures and losing chances, plan thoroughly and act boldly. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、动词短语和副词。分析句子可知，句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时；表示“与其担心可能的失败而畏手畏脚，错失良机”应用Rather than hesitating over potential failures and losing chances，其中本句使用了“rather than”结构，意为 “而不是”，后接动名词形式作介词宾语，hesitating over potential failures为动名词短语作介词宾语，意为“因可能的失败而犹豫不决”，losing chances为动名词短语作并列成分，表示“错失良机”；表示“不如仔细计划，大胆行动”应用plan thoroughly and act boldly，为并列的两个动作建议，祈使句，其中plan thoroughly意为“仔细计划”，act boldly意为“大胆行动”，thoroughly和boldly均为副词作状语修饰动词。故翻译为Rather than hesitating over potential failures and losing chances, plan thoroughly and act boldly. 55. 直到参加毕业典礼的时候有些同学才后悔没有好好珍惜那宝贵的同学情谊。（until）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Some students didn’t regret not cherishing the precious friendship among classmates until they attended the graduation ceremony. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词、固定句型。表示“有些学生”some students，作主语。表示“直到……才……”用 not...until...结构。句子描述是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。表示“后悔做过某事”用 regret doing sth.，didn’t regret作谓语。表示“珍惜”用cherish，用动名词cherishing的否定形式not cherishing，作宾语。 表示“宝贵的同学情谊”用the precious friendship among classmates，作not cherishing的宾语。“参加毕业典礼”用attend the graduation ceremony。until they attended the graduation ceremony作时间状语。故翻译为Some students didn’t regret not cherishing the precious friendship among classmates until they attended the graduation ceremony. Ⅵ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 生活中的微小善意之举（random kindness）却往往带来巨大的能量，你有过类似的经历吗？有何感想呢？请结合自己的亲身经历写一篇作文，内容须包括： 1、描述一次你经历的微小善意之举； 2、这次经历对你产生了怎样的影响？ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The Impact of Random Kindness In my life, a small act of kindness once left a lasting impression on me. It was a rainy afternoon when I was rushing to catch the last bus home. As I stood at the bus stop, drenched and frustrated, a stranger approached and offered me his umbrella. He insisted that I take it, saying he lived nearby and didn’t need it anymore. I was taken aback by his generosity and accepted the umbrella with gratitude. This simple act of kindness had a profound impact on me. It reminded me that even the smallest gestures can make a big difference in someone’s day. The stranger’s selflessness warmed my heart and made me realize that kindness is not about grand gestures but about noticing and helping others in need. Since then, I’ve made a conscious effort to pay it forward. I’ve started small, like helping someone carry groceries or offering my seat on the bus. These actions may seem insignificant, but they have the power to brighten someone’s day and create a ripple effect of kindness. 【解析】 【导语】这篇写作是一篇开放式作文，要求考生就“善意之举”写一篇短文，考生应该囊括题目要求的2个要点，并且补充合理细节。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： ①深刻的印象：lasting impression → enduring impact, deep mark ②慷慨：generosity → magnanimity, liberality ③深远的影响：profound impact → significant influence, substantial effect ④微不足道的：insignificant → trivial, negligible 2 句式拓展： 介词短语变非谓语结构 原句：I’ve started small, like helping someone carry groceries or offering my seat on the bus. 拓展句：I’ve started small, ranging from helping someone carry groceries to offering my seat on the bus. 【点睛】【高级句型1】He insisted that I take it, saying he lived nearby and didn’t need it anymore. (宾语从句中的虚拟语气，现在分词作状语) 【高级句型2】As I stood at the bus stop, drenched and frustrated, a stranger approached and offered me his umbrella. (as引导的时间状语从句，形容词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市行知中学2024学年第二学期期中考试 高二年级英语试卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Fresh. B. Salty. C. Tender. D. Dry. 2. A. A luxurious tie. B. A set of classic works. C. A red scarf. D. A wallet. 3. A. In a barbershop. B. In the cinema. C. In the mall. D. In the library. 4. A. The boy stayed up all night. B. The boy came home too early. C. The boy is forgiven. D. The boy didn’t go home at night. 5. A. She will accompany the man who asks questions. B. She also doesn’t know the meaning of the term. C. She sympathized with the man very much. D. She is well aware of the meaning of the newly coined term. 6. A. She needs to hurry. B. The alarm clock didn’t ring. C. She broke the alarm clock. D. She is late for school. 7. A. $10,000. B. ¥11,000. C. ¥12,000. D. $11,000. 8. A. He couldn’t offer help because of his foot injury. B. He can’t stand the noise of these boxes moving. C. He can’t stand the woman carrying these boxes. D. He doesn’t want to carry the box down from the fifth floor. 9. A. He is just an ordinary man, not a hero. B. He wants the woman to publicize his deeds. C. He has already finished financial aid for students. D. He wants the woman to keep it a secret. 10. A. The woman likes to take a shower before going to bed. B. The man can’t have a shower before going to bed. C. Hot water is supplied in the hotel until 10 p.m. in winter. D The hotel still supplies hot water after 10 p.m. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Have a professional energy checkup. B. Update all the household appliances. C. Make a do-it-yourself home energy checkup. D Find the leaks on the outside of your home. 12. A. Because it can help you save energy in a house. B. Because it can help you decide where should be upgraded first. C. Because it can help you remember where you have inspected. D. Because it can help you reduce the air leaks. 13. A. How to choose a professional energy checkup. B. How to conduct the home energy checkup. C. How to make a list of obvious air leaks. D. How to save energy in your home. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To make people remember him. B. To show his excellent talent. C. To remember the moments in university. D. To recall his childhood. 15. A. It used some advanced narrative skills. B. It is easy to understand the deep meaning. C. It has a kind of bell ringing quality. D. It is suitable to recite aloud with expression. 16. A. He likes to compose poems at quiet corners. B. He graduated from Harvard University in 1995. C. He wrote only two poems in his life. D. He had a good time at Harvard. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. His office is richly decorated. B. He has used this office for a week. C. His office is very modern. D. His office space is spacious enough. 18. A. To record his trip next week. B. To communicate with overseas scholars. C. To collect cost-effective web cameras. D. To record the contents of the report file. 19. A. A chair that rises up and down and has arms. B. A modern simple chair. C. A folded chair without a handle. D. A second-hand solid wood chair. 20. A. How to choose a web camera. B. How to prepare for an online meeting report. C. How to improve Professor White’s office. D. How to decorate Professor White’s office. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Melody Maker The 15-year-old girl Zhang Yuxuan has attracted nearly 1.7 million followers on China’s leading video-sharing platform Bilibili and made national headlines. Yuxuan’s most hit clip—the release of her English song “She”— _____1_____ (view) more than 14 million times and received over 1 million thumbs-up emoji on Bilibili. “In the clip, I tried to let viewers _____2_____ (know) the process of creating the song,” says Yuxuan, who lives in Shenzhen. The six-minute video tells _____3_____ a melody which comes to the schoolgirl’s mind during a math class is developed into a beautiful song in half an hour. She records playing the guitar on Apple’s music-making app GarageBand and then _____4_____ (mix) vocals and backing tracks. _____5_____ (fascinate) by music from an early age, Yuxuan started to take violin lessons after entering primary school. Meanwhile, she became a fan of English songs by Barbadian singer Rihanna, US singer Taylor Swift, British singer Adele and Australian singer Sia Furler. After five years of violin practice in primary school, the then-fifth grader became a student of Russian violinist Gleb Dontsov with the support from her parents. “_____6_____ my parents know the difficulty in developing a career in music, they have always been on my side.” Now the girl has got _____7_____ the spotlight, and many of her classmates, even her teachers, follow her on social media. “Our school will support students, like Yuxuan, to pursue their dreams,” said Guo Wen Xin, her class teacher, _____8_____ (add) that sudden fame means both opportunity and challenge for the teens. “On one hand, the creative girl is passionate about music and social media provides a stage _____9_____ her music can be enjoyed by more people. On the other hand, she still has a long way to go, during which she _______10_______ keep learning,” the teacher said. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. endured B. strong C. operating D. inspired E. facility F. stand G. orderly H. originally I. performing J. decade K. violence Denis Mukwege never intended to become Dr. Miracle, an award-winning gynecologist (妇科医生). He grew up in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) as a priest’s kid. In fact, it was visiting the sick with his father that ____11____ him to become a doctor in the first place. The country has ____12____ more than two decades of conflict, and Congolese women have suffered worst. Warring for control of the country’s gold and precious mineral deposits, rebel groups are cruelly attacking the region’s women. During the last ____13____ the DRC has actually been described as “the rape (强暴) capital of the world”. One study found that 48 women are raped every hour in the country. One man stands ____14____ against this hurt, and has done so for more than 20 years. He first set up the Panzi hospital — ____15____ made of tents — in 1998. After losing the hospital the same year in the crossfire of the Second Congo War, Mukwege rebuilt the following year. Since then, Panzi hospital has grown to become a major health ____16____. There, Mukwege reportedly cares for more than 3,500 women a year, sometimes ____17____ as many as 10 operations a day. Last year while ____18____ in the hospital, Mukwege heard the news that he, along with Nadia Murad, had been awarded the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize. The prize centers on acknowledging “their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war.” He, a doctor, and she an Iraqi human rights activist who suffered in the same way that so many of Mukwege’s patients have, should inspire everyone to take a(n) ____19____ for peace. For Mukwege, “When I see how strong women are, all my motivation comes from them.” Winning the Peace Prize could be the first step toward an end to ____20____ against women. Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Before arriving in Paris, Wu Shuyun, a 56-year-old Chinese housewife, imagined the French capital to be like film set for a romantic love story, ____21____ herself as a fashionable princess surrounded by elegant Parisians. Instead Ms. Wu said she was ____22____ by the cigarette butts and dog poo on the street, and the ____23____ of the locals. Though friends had warned her about ____24____ targeting Chinese people, she said she was nevertheless surprised when a number of her tour group was ____25____ on a crowded Metro train, as other passengers looked on. “For the Chinese, France has always been romantic, mysterious and ____26____,” Ms. Wu said after a two-week tour. “Once I realized that the Parisians were indifferent, I made a ____27____: try to make the most of the trip, but never come back to Paris again.” Psychologists warned that Chinese tourists, shaken by ____28____, were at risk of Paris Syndrome, a condition during which foreigners suffer depression and anxiety when their rosy imagination of champagne, magnificent architecture and Monet are ____29____. The expression was coined 30 years ago by Paris-based Japanese psychiatrist, Hiroaki Ota, after several Japanese visitors to Paris fell ill when their culture of _____30_____ was met with French arrogance (傲慢). Thomas Deschamps, the head of research at the Paris Tourism Office, said culture shock was particularly _____31_____ among travelers from Asia, who sometimes wrongly regarded the French capital as a museum. “They watch movies like Amelie (《天使爱美丽》). They think all Parisians carry Louis Vuitton purses and smell like Dior,” Thomas said. “They don’t know about the working-class suburbs, the overworked waiters, the more _____32_____ parts of the city. Paris is not a museum. People are _____33_____. They are stressed and living their lives.” To help protect Chinese tourists, the local tourism industry has redoubled its efforts to be more _____34_____ sensitive. An online guide for hotels and businesses notes that for serving Chinese visitors, “a simple _____35_____ and hello in their language will obviously put them at ease.” 21. A. wanting B. painting C. picturing D. appearing 22. A. frightened B. shocked C. worried D. pleased 23. A. concern B. warmth C. anger D. indifference 24. A. policemen B. thieves C. locals D. drivers 25. A. robbed B. beaten C. threatened D. pushed 26. A. satisfying B. attractive C. damaging D. surprising 27. A. choice B. proposal C. difference D. decision 28. A. unhappiness B. expectation C. hope D. disappointment 29. A. overlooked B. destroyed C. canceled D. established 30. A. tolerance B. acceptance C. consideration D. politeness 31. A. familiar B. unusual C. common D. frequent 32. A. unpleasant B. terrific C. horrible D. uncomfortable 33. A. 1ay B. busy C. honest D. simple 34. A. economically B. politically C. culturally D. socially 35. A. smile B. praise C. gesture D. greeting Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Home to 8.2 million people, 36 percent of whom were born outside the United States, New York, known as the Big Apple, is the biggest city in America. Nearly twenty times bigger than the capital, Washington DC, you might expect New York to be twenty times more dangerous. Actually, it’s safer. Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities. It’s also healthier than it used to be. For example, the smoking rate has gone down from 21.5 percent a few years ago, to 16.9 percent today. New Yorkers should be delighted, shouldn’t they? In fact, many feel that New York is losing its identity. It used to be the city that never sleeps. These days it’s the city that never smokes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple. If you decided to have a picnic in Central Park, you’d need to be careful — if you decided to feed the birds with your sandwich, you could be arrested. It’s banned. In many countries a mobile phone going off in the cinema in annoying. In New York it’s illegal. So is putting your bag on an empty seat in the subway. If you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette, that would be OK, wouldn’t it? Er… no. You can’t smoke in public in New York City. In fact, you can’t smoke outdoors on the street or in parks either. The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, “Under New York City law it is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray.” He should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray. But not all of New York’s inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugarry, seventy-two, said, “The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these laws, America would be a better place to live.” The new laws have helped turn the city into one of the healthiest — and most pleasant places to live in America — very different from its old image of a dirty and dangerous city. Its pavements are almost litter-free, its bars clean and its streets among American’s safest. Not putting your bag on subway seats might be a small price to pay. 36. The author writes Paragraph 1 in order to tell the reader that New York is ________. A. bigger than Washington D.C. B. the city with most immigrants C. safer and healthier D. the most populated city in the U.S. 37. Which of the following is forbidden by law in New York? A. Eating sandwich in the Central Park. B. Putting a bag on an empty subway seat. C. Turning on the sound of the mobile phone. D. Smoking at home. 38. What does Graydon Carter imply? A. Some of New York’s new laws are not reasonable. B. A gun is much easier to get than an ashtray. C. The police had no right to take away his ashtray. D. There should be a law to keep guns away from people. 39. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. New York has become the safest city in the United States due to strict laws. B. New York’s transformation has sparked debates about its cultural identity. C. The population growth of immigrants has significantly changed New York’s social structure. D. Most New Yorkers strongly oppose the new laws aimed at improving public health. (B) DONALD SLOAN Gates Hall University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 913-243-1682 After May 2009: 46 Clayton Drive St．Louis, MO 63130 314-726-8840 Objective To work with the client (委托人) population in a social service position. Education B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009 Major: Social Services Minor: Applied Psychology Experience Assistant Activities Supervisor,Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present．Help organize and implement recreational activities for nursing home residents．Activities include crafts, dances, day trips, sing-alongs, and visiting performers. Hotline Volunteer．Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006-May 2007．Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community．Dealt with drug use, unwanted pregnancies, failing grades, and the breakdown of parent-teen relationships. Nurse’s Aide,Danyers General Hospital, St．Louis, MO, Summer 2006．Assisted nurses in patient care．Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery. Activities University Concert Board．Work with other board members to plan and implement on-campus concerts. Senior Gift Campaign．Help manage the campaign to raise funds for the senior class gift to the university. Residence Hall Programming Board．Planned social events for Eggar Residence Hall. Skills Fluent in French．Water safety instructor．Skilled at working with people. Interests Skiing, softball, classical music, and guitar． 40. This passage is most probably ______. A. an advertisement for enrolling new employees B. a school report at the end of an academic year C. a self-introduction meant to apply for a job D. a part of a recommendation letter from a university 41. According to the “Experience” section, we can infer that Donald Sloan can be _____. A. a wise leader B. a skillful performer C. a gifted scientist D. a good social worker 42. From the passage we can learn that Donald Sloan ______. A. is good at singing and dancing B. is about to graduate from a university C. has an interest in being a surgeon D. specializes in psychology (C) The legend of the potential third runway at Heathrow, Britain’s largest airport, has been called the longest take-off in history. A commission in 1993 recommended expansion, and the government first favored the plan in 2003. But it was not until 2018 that the transport secretary finally gave the project the go ahead. A court of Appeal ruling in February 2020 that the runway was not compatible with Britain’s obligations under the Paris climate agreement of 2015 appeared to have finally spoiled the plans. But on December 16th the Supreme Court overturned that judgment and once more green-lit the project. The initial Court of Appeal judgment found that the government’s decision to allow the expansion to go ahead was unlawful because Chris Grayling, then transport secretary, had failed to take the Paris agreement into account. While that was a blow to Heathrow, it helped get Boris Johnson’s government out of trouble. Mr. Johnson, whose own constituency (选民) is near the airport, has been a fierce critic of the expansion plans, famously pledging to protesters that he would “lie down with you in front of those bulldozers (推土机) and ... stop the construction.” The government chose not to appeal, but Heathrow did; and the Supreme Court decided that the government had taken Paris into account, and the Court of Appeal was therefore wrong. Even so, the expansion may not go ahead. While the airline industry has long championed a third runway, much has changed since February 2020. British Airways, Heathrow’s largest customer, has become skeptical about the plans. Earlier this year Willie Walsh, the chief executive of BA’s parent company, argued that “it was a Herculean task (艰巨的任务) before COVID and I think it’s impossible now”. Although air travel will almost certainly rebound as social-distancing restrictions are eased in 2021, the industry is not expecting a quick recovery. The International Air Travel Association, a lobby group, expects that global spending on air travel will be about half of 2019 levels in 2021. Short-haul flights from Britain are expected to rise sharply as the vaccine is rolled out and consumers dash off to sunnier climes, but the outlook for longer-haul flights remains highly uncertain. Analysts reckon the big unknown is the future of business travel. Firms that have grown accustomed to Zoom meetings may well be less keen to splash out on high-priced tickets from London to New York. Although business flyers account for only around 10% of transatlantic customer they pay ten to 12 times as much per ticket as economy passengers. A substantial fall in their numbers would mean large rises in ticket prices for the rest, which in turn would dent demand. If long-haul flight volumes remain depressed, then the business case for a third runway at Heathrow starts to look ropy. Boris Johnson is unlikely to have to prostrate (卧倒) himself in front of those bulldozers soon, if ever. 43. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about the potential third runway at Heathrow? A. It didn’t get support from the government in 2003. B. It failed to meet the Paris climate agreement of 2015. C. The transport secretary then in 2018 didn’t think highly of the project. D. The Supreme Court gave the permission to construct the runway at the end of 2020. 44. Which of the following subjects is most supportive of the construction of the third runway? A. Boris Johnson’s government B. Heathrow airport C. the airline industry D. the International Air Travel Association 45. Which of the following statements can be inferred according to the passage? A. The airline industry is expected to recover soon after the vaccine is popularized. B. Zoom meetings make possible more frequent high-priced business travels across the Atlantic Ocean. C. Business flyers have a limited influence on the sales and prices of air tickets. D. Heathrow is allowed to build a third runway, but may no longer need one. 46. Which one is the best title for the passage? A. Heathrow expansion: cleared for take-off? B. An unknown future for the airline industry C. A dilemma for the government: to expand or not? D. British Airways are hungry for travelers Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Waverly Pilot (翻译耳机) Technology seems to be advancing daily, but the Pilot by Waverly Labs, the world’s first translation earpiece, might be a truly huge step forward for communication. The product Though the Pilot is still very much in development, the product will be sold as two earpieces and a smartphone app. When first released, the technology will translate between only five European languages — English, Spanish, French, Italian and Portuguese. ____47____ The app runs speech recognition, machine translation and speech synthesis processes before sending the new speech to the listener’s earpiece. Applications ____48____ The added convenience of these will make the device useful in several social spheres, particularly business and travel. While sales meetings and tourism may be revolutionized by the Pilot, the desire to communicate with a foreign crush inspired Waverly Labs’ CEO to develop it. Sei-fi dreams coming true ____49____ It reached its US $75,000 goal in 15 minutes, US $1 million in hours and eventually more than US $2 million with the help of over 11,000 backers. It seems that the Pilot captured the imagination of many who had seen similar technology in science fiction, like a Forbes writer expressed it in the following quote. “The Waverly Labs Pilot is as close as I’ve seen to the Universal Translator I was promised by Star Trek when I was a kid.” Flying into the future Though the Pilot’s translation app is available now, the entire earpiece package is planned for delivery in May 2017 at a retail cost of US $250 to $300. ____50____ A. The earpiece has microphones to isolate the speaker’s voice, after which the speech will be sent to the app. B. The pilot can translate the information without any delay and pass it to the listener as quickly as possible. C. The product proved to be a great success the first time it appeared in the market, which helped its backers realize their dreams. D. The Pilot is joining other translators like Skype Translator and Google Translate, but it’s the first to add earpieces to the concept. E. For now, Waverly Labs is still hard at work improving the Pilot’s speed of translation and developing an offline mode. F. When the fundraising for the Pilot was launched on Indiegogo in May this year, it became apparent just how much the market wanted the product. Ⅳ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. People choose to become entrepreneurs( 创 业 者 ） for a wide variety of reasons. One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur, dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; ifs limited only by the success of your business. And speaking of bosses, not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do. They often have big dreams that that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need. It’s a way to change the world for the better. Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours, especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground. That’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic( 伦 理 ).Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there’s no end in sight. That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be willing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That’s important for finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees. Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter. This is important from the very beginning, when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 既然生活中压力不可避免，何不调整心态，积极应对？（why not）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 有些看似简单的激励话语往往能帮我们振作起来，走出困境。（inspire）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 与其担心可能的失败而畏手畏脚，错失良机，不如仔细计划，大胆行动。(rather) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 直到参加毕业典礼的时候有些同学才后悔没有好好珍惜那宝贵的同学情谊。（until）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅵ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 生活中的微小善意之举（random kindness）却往往带来巨大的能量，你有过类似的经历吗？有何感想呢？请结合自己的亲身经历写一篇作文，内容须包括： 1、描述一次你经历的微小善意之举； 2、这次经历对你产生了怎样的影响？ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $