语法串讲02 限制性定语从句-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（译林版2020）

语法串讲02 限制性定语从句(精讲精练) 一、三要素 1. 在定语从句中，对某一名词、代词或名词短语起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语叫先行词， 2. 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 3. 关系词在从句中充当一定的成分. 2. 关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。 二、关系代词的基本用法 1. who的用法(指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语。) The person who talked to me was one of my classmates.和我交谈的那个人是我的一个同学。(主语) He is the man who I turn to for help very much.他就是我求助的那个人。(宾语) 2. whom的用法 Jack is the person (who/whom) you should care about.杰克是你应该关心的人。(who/whom 可以省略) The old man to whom a medal is awarded is very inspiring.这位被授予奖章的老人非常鼓舞人心。(whom不能省略) 3. which的用法(指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。) The plane is a machine which can fly.飞机是一种会飞的机器。(主语) The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。(定语) 4. that的用法(既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。) The number of people that/who visit the city reaches one million every year.每年参观这个城市的人数达到了一百万。(主语) The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the speech competition.特纳先生递交的报告是关于演讲比赛的。(宾语，可以省略) He doesn’t seem to be the man that he was ten years ago.他看起来已经不是十年前的样子了。(表语) 5. whose的用法(whose既可指人又可指物，在从句中修饰名词，作定语。) He lives in the room whose window faces south.他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。(先行词是物) This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。(先行词是人) 归纳： whose指人时，常用下列结构来代替： I will talk to those students whose homework hasn’t been done on schedule. ＝I will talk to those students，the homework of whom hasn’t been done on schedule. ＝I will talk to those students，of whom the homework hasn’t been done on schedule. 我将和那些没按时完成作业的学生谈话。 6. as 的用法。(既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，先行词被the same, such和so 修饰。) In the last exam, he made the same mistake as you made. 在上次考试中，他犯了和你一样的错误。 【易错点提示】 1.关系代词只用that而不用which的情况 (1)当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。 All that you must keep in mind is that you must be buried in your research. 你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你的研究。 (2)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 He was the first survivor that was dug out from the ruins. 他是从废墟中被挖出的第一个幸存者。 (3)当先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is give in to our parents’ ideas. 我们唯一能做的事情就是听从我们父母的意见。 (4)当先行词既指人又指物时。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间见到的人和一些照片。 (5)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时, 为避免重复而用that。 Who is the man that came to rescue you in this disaster? 在这次灾难中救你的人是谁? (6)当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 2.只能用which，不能用that的情况： (1)先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时。 Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day.我们的老师通常每天布置家庭作业，第二天在课堂上背诵。 (2)先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。 I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。 (3)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时。 Until now, we have raised 50, 000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected. 到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子募捐到了50000英镑，这是完全没有预料到的。 3. one of＋复数名词和the only one of＋复数名词作先行词的时候 (1)“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；在肯定句中，“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我们班里唯一学过法语的男孩。 (2)为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。 This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it)这就是我们上星期天参观的那家工厂。 三、关系副词的基本用法 1. 关系副词when when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。有时when＝in/at/on/during...＋which，具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定。 There used to be a time when(＝during which) I hated going to school.曾有一段时间我不愿意去上学。 I’ll never forget the day when(＝on which) I left for college with my father.我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去上大学的那天。 2. 关系副词where where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。有时where＝in/at/on...＋which，具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定。 They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flowers.他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。 The office where(＝at which) the girl works is not far from here.这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远。 [疑难点津]　有一些先行词，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。 You reach a point in any project where you just want to get the thing finished.在任何一个项目中，你都会达到一个你只想把事情做完的阶段。 We reached a stage where we had to answer violence with law.我们到了必须用法律来对抗暴力的境地。 3. 关系副词why why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。 Can you explain the reason why(＝for which) you don’t help him?你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？ Can you tell me the reason why you didn’t come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？ 【名师点津】 1.关系词的3个作用 关系词通常有下列三个作用: (1)引导定语从句; (2)代替先行词; (3)在定语从句中充当一个成分。 2.关系代词和关系副词的判定 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用关系代词。 试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语) Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which在从句中作spent的宾语) The talented pianist returned to the city where he grew up.这位天才钢琴家回到了他长大的城市。(where在从句中作状语) The talented pianist returned to the city that/which he visited last year.这位天才钢琴家回到了他去年去过的城市。(that或which在从句中作visited的宾语) I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why在从句中作原因状语) I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你给我们的理由。(that或which在从句中作宾语) 定语从句解题三步走 第一步：根据是否修饰某一名词，放在该名词之后确定是不是定语从句。 第二步：根据从句中是否缺主语或宾语确定用关系代词还是关系副词。如果从句缺主语或宾语，则用关系代词；如果不缺主语或宾语，则使用关系副词(或者“介词＋which”) 第三步：根据先行词具体所指，确定是哪个关系代词或者关系副词。 1. (2024•浙江1月高考•语法填空)Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. 分析: 考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 答案: that/ which 2. (2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷· 语法填空)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route richness brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65.　　　　　(rich) of gardening in England.  分析：考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知,　　　brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to ... England是限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Silk Route。空处在定语从句中作主语,故填关系代词that/which。  答案：that/ which 3.(2023北京高考)Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ________ thousands were attending a water conference. 分析：考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 答案：where 4.(2023∙全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow” 分析：考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 答案：as 5．（2024高一下·江苏·期末）It is a remarkable event the students celebrate the beauty of autumn. 分析：考查定语从句。句意：这是一个了不起的活动，学生们庆祝美丽的秋天。先行词为 a remarkable event ，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 答案: where 6．（2024高一下·江苏·期末）She is the girl to I owe an apology. 分析：考查定语从句。句意：她是我应该道歉的女孩。owe an apology to sb.“欠某人一个道歉”。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the girl，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词to的宾语，应用“介词to+关系代词whom”引导。故填whom。 答案：whom 7．（2024高一上·福建福州·期末）The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything they could find. 分析：考查定语从句。句意：第二天，人们用他们能找到的任何东西在露天搭建避难所。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词anything，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作could find的宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 答案：that 8．（2024高一下·山东济宁·期末）I ran through the crowd of people were hurrying to get on the train. 分析：考查定语从句。句意：我跑过那些正匆忙赶火车的人群。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是 people，指人，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词 who或that 引导该从句，故填 who/that 。【答案】who/that 9．（2024高一下·福建漳州·期末）Festivals are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life. 分析：考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的场合。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词occasions指的是场合，所以使用that或which。故填that/which。答案：that/which 10．（2024高一下·广东东莞·期末）The invention of the wheel can date back to the time early humans first started using tools. 分析：考查定语从句。句意：轮子的发明可以追溯到早期人类第一次开始使用工具的时候。先行词为the time,在定语从句中作时间状语，关系副词为when。故填when。 答案：when Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．（2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中）Boys, please don’t talk about such things you don’t understand at all. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：孩子们，请不要谈论你们根本不懂的事情。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词things在从句中作宾语，且先行词被such修饰，因此用关系代词as，故填as。 2．（2025高一下·福建三明·期中）Have you ever faced a time things looked dark and you had no hope at all? 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你是否曾经面临过这样的时刻：事情看起来黯淡无光，你完全没有希望？空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a time，先行词在从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 3．（2025高一下·广东东莞·阶段练习）The museum ancient artifacts are displayed attracts millions of visitors. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：展出古代文物的博物馆吸引了数百万游客。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词museum，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 4．（2025高一下·上海静安·期中）The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable at all. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在会上解释的理由一点也不合理。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，“The reason”是先行词，“he explained at the meeting” 是定语从句修饰先行词“reason”。在这个定语从句中，“explained”是及物动词，缺少宾语，而先行词“reason”指物，所以要用关系代词“which”或“that”来引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 5．（2025高一下·上海浦东新·期中）In today’s society ______ temptations and distractions are found everywhere, self-discipline is one of the most important qualities, if not the most important. A．where B．which C．that D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在当今社会，诱惑和干扰无处不在，自律是最重要的品质之一，如果不是最重要的品质的话。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词society，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where，故填A。 6．（2025高一下·广东广州·期中）Attending the charity event was an occasion I realized the importance of giving back to the community. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：参加慈善活动让我意识到回馈社会的重要性。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是occasion，关系词代替它在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。 7．（2025高一下·广东广州·期中）Those embrace challenges with courage often discover strengths they never knew they had. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些勇敢地迎接挑战的人往往会发现自己从未意识到的力量。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是Those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。 8．（2025高一下·广东广州·期中）This is the very museum we visited during our school trip last year. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们去年学校旅行时参观的那个博物馆。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是museum，指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词visited的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词that/which引导定语从句；当先行词被the very修饰时，关系代词只能用that。故填that。 9．（2025高一下·广东东莞·阶段练习）They joined an online group they talked about their problems and got support and advice from others. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们加入了一个在线小组，在那里他们谈论自己的问题，并从其他人那里得到支持和建议。空处引导定语从句，先行词为an online group，从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where，故填where。 10．（2025高一下·重庆·阶段练习）The reason I’d like to take part in the competition of the Tang poetry recitation is that I want to learn more about Tang poems. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想参加唐诗朗诵比赛的原因是我想更多地了解唐诗。空处引导定语从句“ I’d like to take part in the competition of the Tang poetry recitation”，先行词为The reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导。故填why。 11．（2025高一下·甘肃·阶段练习）That was the day it took six hours to break my soul. 【答案】when/on which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：就是在那一天，我花了六个小时来摧毁我的灵魂。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，在此句中，“the day”是先行词，后面的“it took six hours to break my soul”是定语从句，修饰“the day”。从句中缺少时间状语，即“在那一天”，所以可以用关系副词“when 或者“介词 + 关系代词”结构“on which”来引导定语从句。故填when/on which。 12．（2025高一下·吉林长春·阶段练习）Last weekend witnessed an activity, through which not only did we admire the beauty of plants in the park, but also we learned about the environment they grow. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周末见证了一个活动，通过这个活动，我们不仅欣赏了公园里植物的美丽，而且还了解了它们生长的环境。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是environment，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 13．（2025高一下·甘肃·阶段练习）Is this the room they lived last winter? 【答案】where/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他们去年冬天住的房间吗？分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，“the room”是先行词，关系词替代先行词在后面的定语从句“they lived last winter”中作地点状语，即 “在这个房间里”，所以可以用关系副词“where”或者“介词 + 关系代词”结构“in which”来引导定语从句。故填where/in which。 14．（2025高一下·吉林长春·阶段练习）Festivals are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的场合，暂时忘记我们的工作。分析句子结构可知，“________ allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“occasions”。先行词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词 that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 15．（2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中）The environment children grow up influences their character. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：孩子们成长的环境会影响他们的性格。先行词为The environment，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 16．（2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中）The girl from I borrowed this dictionary is my classmate. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我向她借这本字典的那个女孩是我的同学。该空需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，修饰名词girl，并指代先行词，在从句中作介词from的宾语，先行词是人，应使用whom，介词加whom引导定语从句。故填whom。 17．（2025高一下·重庆江津·期中）There was a time I was a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有一段时间，我是一个非常以自我为中心的人，但在过去的两年里，我真的改变了。空处引导定语从句，先行词是time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导，There was a time when“曾经有一段时间……”，故填when。 18．（2025高一下·重庆江津·期中）When I first came to the club I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我第一次来到俱乐部，在那里我遇到了很多陌生人，我非常想念我的父母。定语从句修饰先行词club，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。 19．（2025高一下·重庆江津·阶段练习）This is the place I can’t agree. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我不能同意的地方。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the place，且在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 20．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）After two months in America, Tian Hua made some friends with she explored the city. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在美国待了两个月后，Tian Hua交了一些朋友，她和他们一起游览了这座城市。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词是friends，指人，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词whom，故填whom。 21．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）The relics were found in a tomb of Haihunhou experts have been digging for years. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些文物是在专家们挖掘多年的海昏侯墓中发现的。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a tomb of Haihunhou，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应填关系副词where，故填where。 22．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）Last week, I read a book from I knew how a person could make contribution to protecting the cultural heritage of his country. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周，我读了一本书，从中我知道了一个人如何为保护他的国家的文化遗产做出贡献。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的限定性定语从句，先行词是book，指物，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 23．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）The people and things I met in the new school were quite impressive. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在新学校遇到的人和事给我留下了深刻的印象。空处引导定语从句，先行词是The people and things，有人又有物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导，故填that。 24．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）CISAR brings help and hope to those lives are changed by natural disasters. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：CISAR为那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人们带来帮助和希望。空处引导定语从句，先行词是those，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。 25．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）Even after years, they could still remember the days they played football as a team. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：即使过了许多年，他们仍然记得一起踢足球的那些日子。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为the days，关系词指代先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，此从句用关系副词when引导。故填when。 26．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）Someone can speak quite a few language may seem especially talented. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：能说好几门语言的人可能看起来特别有天赋。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为Someone，引导词指代先行词在定语从句“_____ can speak quite a few language”中作主语，先行词Someone指人，为不定代词，此定语从句用关系代词who引导。故填 who。 27．（2025高一下·甘肃嘉峪关·阶段练习）You may not control all the events happen to you, but you can decide not to be reduced by them. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你可能无法控制发生在你身上的所有事情，但你可以决定不被它们击垮。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为all the events，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用that引导，故填that。 28．（2025高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）Scientists are still trying to determine the extent which climate change will impact coastal communities in the next decade. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：科学家们仍在试图确定气候变化在未来十年对沿海社区的影响程度。本空考查介词+which引导的限制性定语从句，to some extent“在某种程度上”，which指代先行词extend，故空处应填介词to与其搭配。故填to。 29．（21-22高一下·江苏南通·阶段练习）In a word, we reached a point we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：总之，我们达到了一个我们希望享受和理解文学的一个点。空处引导定语从句，修饰a point，先行词point意为“阶段”，为抽象地点，所以用关系副词where，故填where。 30．（2025高一下·河北保定·期中）The room windows face north is mine. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：窗户朝北的那个房间是我的。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the roon，在从句中作定语，用whose引导。故填whose。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．（2025高一下·广东茂名·阶段练习）To be honest, I don’t like       you speak to her. 老实说，我不喜欢你对她说话的方式。 【答案】 the way that 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“方式”用the way，后跟定语从句，way作先行词，在从句中作方式状语，可用that引导从句，故填the way that。 2．（2025高一下·广东广州·阶段练习）在毕业典礼上，校长发表了演讲，在演讲中他祝贺毕业生们取得来之不易的成就。 At the graduation ceremony, the university president gave a speech their hard-earned achievements.(用定语从句) 【答案】where he congratulated the graduates on 【详解】考查定语从句、时态。“At the graduation ceremony, the university president gave a speech”是主句，后面接定语从句修饰先行词speech。在定语从句中，先行词speech表示抽象的地点，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。表示“祝贺某人某事”含义的表达为“congratulate sb. on sth.”，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，表示“毕业生”为名词graduates。故填 where he congratulated the graduates on。 3．一句多译 她很伤心，那是因为她儿子在一次事故中丧生了。 Her son was killed in an accident. she was very sad. she was very sad her son was killed in an accident. She was very sad. her son was killed in an accident. 【答案】 That’s why The reason why was that That’s because 【详解】考查表语从句和定语从句。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“那就是为什么”，第二空意为“……的原因”，第三空意为“是”，第四空意为“那是因为”，“那就是为什么”是that’s why，why引导的是表语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此第一空是“That’s why”。“……的原因”是the reason why，why引导的是定语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此第二空是“The reason why”；“是”描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语The reason是单数，因此“是”译为was that，that引导的是表语从句；“那是因为”是that’s because，because引导的是表语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此第四空是“That’s because”。故填That’s why，The reason why，was that，That’s because。 4．He sees a sign for a place . 他看到一个理发的标志。 【答案】where he can have his hair cut 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“理发”，结合语境可知，此处表示“他可以理他的头发”，是对空前place的说明，可将place作为先行词，用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词，先行词在从句中作地点状语，从句中主语“他”用代词he，“可以”用情态动词can，“理他的头发”可用动词短语have his hair cut，have sth. done表示“请别人做某事”，have 用原形。故填where he can have his hair cut。 5．他从一棵很高的树上摔了下来。那就是他弄伤腿的原因。 ①He fell from a tall tree. he hurt his leg. ②He hurt his leg. he fell from a tall tree. ③The reason he fell from a tall tree. 【答案】 That was why That was because Why he hurt his leg was that 【详解】考查定语从句，表语从句，主语从句，一般过去时。本句描述过去的事实，因此句子时态为一般过去时；句子①前句He fell from a tall tree为原因，后句he hurt his leg为结果，需用“That was why…​​”表示“这就是为什么……”。故填①That was why。句子②前句He hurt his leg为结果，后句He fell from a tall tree为原因，需用“That was because…”表示“这是因为……”。故填②That was because。句子③使用关系词​​引导定语从句修饰 reason，先行词在从句中作原因状语，使用why引导，其次，​​使用that​​引导表语从句说明结果。即“The reason why... was that...​​”表示“……的原因是……”。故填③why he hurt his leg was that。故答案为：①That was why；②That was because；③why he hurt his leg was that。 6．（2025高一上·福建莆田·期末）The Boys and Girls Club he started in Chicago has been young people since 1996. 他在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。 【答案】 which/that helping 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。_______ he started in Chicago是定语从句，对先行词The Boys and Girls Club进行限定说明，从句中缺少宾语，所以用关系代词which或that代替先行词在从句中作宾语。所以，第一个空格处用that或which。第二个空格处是谓语动词，“帮助”用动词help表示，主语The Boys and Girls Club与动词help之间是主动关系，所以用主动语态；根据时间状语since 1996可知，应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，结合空格前的has been可知，此处是现在完成进行时，结构为has/have been doing，表示动作从过去持续到现在并且可能还将继续进行，第二个空格处用helping。故填which/that；helping。 7．（2025高一上·浙江杭州·期末）在听取了研究这个问题的科学家的意见后，政府向联合国寻求帮助。 listening to the scientists had studied the problem, the government turned to the UN help. 【答案】 After who for 【详解】考查固定短语以及定语从句。根据汉语提示可知，第一个空处需要补全“在……之后”，可用介词after，后面接动名词作宾语。第二个空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the scientists。先行词指人，且在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该从句。第三个空处考查短语turn to…for help“向……寻求帮助”。故填①After②who③for。 8．（2025高一上·福建莆田·期末）…the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those and to bury the dead. 部队派出了15万士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。 【答案】who were trapped 【详解】考查定语从句和时态语态。“受困群众”处理为修饰those的定语从句；those为先行词，在从句中作主语，关系代词为who，“受困”为trap，与主语those为被动关系，且本句在陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填who were trapped。 9．（2025高一上·河北唐山·期末）这部基于真实故事的电影非常感人。 The movie story is based on a true event is very moving. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意和观察英语句子可知，空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，movie和story之间是所属关系，因此用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 10．（2025高一上·广东广州·期末）随着大象数目大量增长，该组织认为他们之前采取的措施是有效的。 With the number of elephants , the organization thinks the measures are effective. 【答案】 increasing greatly that/which they previously took 【详解】考查非谓语动词、时态和定语从句。根据汉语提示，第一空处表示“大量增长”，可以用动词短语increase greatly，在with复合结构中，elephants和increase之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作宾语补足语；第二空处表示“他们之前采取的”，是一个定语从句，先行词是the measures，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导，that可以省略，表示“之前”应用副词previously。故填increasing greatly；that/which they previously took。 11．（2025高一上·陕西西安·期末）玩手机成瘾被认为是许多人现在睡眠不足的原因之一。(regard；why) Cellphone addiction many people can’t get enough sleep now. 【答案】is regarded as one of the reasons why 【详解】考查时态语态，固定短语和定语从句。“被认为是”使用固定短语be regarded as，“原因之一”使用固定短语one of the reasons，空后是定语从句，修饰reasons，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导，结合now可知使用一般现在时，主语Cellphone addiction表示单数意义，be动词使用is，故填is regarded as one of the reasons why。 12．（2025高一上·山东日照·期末）你知道Tom昨天缺席聚会的原因吗？（定语从句） Do you know Tom was absent from the party yesterday? 【答案】the reason why/ for which 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“原因”用the reason，缺少定语从句关系词，先行词作从句的原因状语，用why/for which引导从句。故填the reason why/ for which。 13．（2025高一上·广东·期末）曾经有一段时期，人们靠狩猎和采集为生。             people lived by hunting and gathering. 【答案】 There was a time when 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“曾经有一段时期”句型为there be a time when…，when引导定语从句，根据后文lived可知为一般过去时，首字母大写。故填There was a time when。 14．（2025高一上·重庆·期末）For many adults, the memories of childhood have become cherished moments, as they were in a world free of worries and cares. (time) 对许多成年人来说，童年的记忆已经变成了珍贵的瞬间，因为那是一个他们置身于无忧无虑的世界中的时光。 【答案】it was a time when 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意以及空后句子的谓语动词were可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，所以，表示“那是一个……时光”为it was a time，time后为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以此处使用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填it was a time when。 15．（2025高一上·重庆·期末）Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those and to bury the dead.（trap，定语从句） 地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。 【答案】who were trapped 【详解】考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词those，在从句作主语，指人，用who；谓语表示“使被困”用动词trap，与主语构成被动关系，结合上文sent可知，句子使用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填who were trapped。 Ⅲ 句型转换 1．Xu Beihong was a well-known Chinese artist and was most famous for his Chinese ink and wash paintings of horses.（用定语从句升级） 【答案】Xu Beihong was a well-known Chinese artist who was most famous for his Chinese ink and wash paintings of horses. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：徐悲鸿是一位著名的中国艺术家，他以画马的中国水墨画而最为知名。可以把原句中 “Xu Beihong was a well - known Chinese artist”变成是主句，“was most famous for his Chinese ink and wash paintings of horses”是对a well - known Chinese artist的进一步描述，所以可以变成定语从句，修饰a well-known Chinese artist，先行词指人，且关系词在限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该从句。故答案为Xu Beihong was a well-known Chinese artist who was most famous for his Chinese ink and wash paintings of horses. 2．They built a highway leading into the mountains. (句型转换) →They built a highway . 【答案】which leads into the mountains/that leads into the mountains 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们修了一条通往山里的公路。原句用现在分词作后置定语，可以转化为定语从句。句中先行词为highway，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。从句陈述现在事实，用一般现在时。先行词是highway，定语从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填which/that leads into the mountains。 3. A man living in the village rarely sees subways. →A man rarely sees subways. 【答案】who lives in the village/that lives in the village 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：住在村子里的人很少见过地铁。原句为现在分词作定语修饰名词主语a man，结合转换后的句子结构可知，此处可转换为定语从句作定语，先行词a man指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用关系词who或that引导定语从句，原句中的现在分词短语living in转换为谓语动词，结合主句的谓语动词sees可知，此处使用一般现在时，主语who/that指代的先行词a man为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为lives in，the village不变，作live in的宾语。故填who/that lives in the village。 4．（24-25高一上·广东东莞·期末）The wonderful days will be forever treasured. We studied together in the days. (用定语从句合并) 【答案】The wonderful days when we studied together will be forever treasured./The wonderful days in which we studied together will be forever treasured. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些美好的日子将永远被珍藏。在那些日子里我们一起学习。先行词是days，关系词指代先行词可以在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导，或者用in which引导。故填The wonderful days when/in which we studied together will be forever treasured。 5．A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. →A young man came to speak to us yesterday. 【答案】who writes novels 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一位写小说的年轻人昨天来给我们做报告。原句中writing novels是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰a young man，write“写”和man逻辑上是主动关系，可转换为关系代词引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词man，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，关系代词应用who，且“写小说”应该是通常性的行为，时态应用一般现在时，主语为who指代先行词a young man，是第三人称单数，谓语动词write需用第三人称单数形式。故填who writes novels。 6．On his birthday of eleven, he is invited to go to Hogwarts, a magic school. He learns magic there. (用 where引导的定语从句合并) 【答案】On his birthday of eleven, he is invited to go to Hogwarts, a magic school where he learns magic. 【详解】考查定语从句。原句句意：在他十一岁生日那天，他被邀请去霍格沃茨魔法学校。他在那里学习魔法。原句第二句中的there为副词，作地点状语，指代原句第一句话里的Hogwarts, a magic school，因此，可以将Hogwarts, a magic school作为先行词，将第二句话转换为一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导语定语从句。故合并后的定语从句为：On his birthday of eleven, he is invited to go to Hogwarts, a magic school where he learns magic.。 7．用 why引导的定语从句升级句子 Basketball can bring me lots of happiness, health and friends, so I like it so much. 【答案】The reason why I like basketball so much is that it can bring me lots of happiness, health and friends. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢篮球的原因是它能给我带来很多快乐，健康和朋友。此处可用the reason why…is that…句型改写，表示“……的原因是……”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。故改为The reason why I like basketball so much is that it can bring me lots of happiness, health and friends. 8．She wants to visit the village again. She grew up in it. → She wants to visit the village again . 【答案】where she grew up/in which she grew up 【详解】考查定语从句。原句句意：她想再去村里看看。她在那里长大。原句中第二个句子中的it指代的是第一个句子中的the village，因此可将第二个句子转化为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the village，先行词在从句中作地点状语，因此可用关系副词where作引导词，或保留介词in，用指物的关系代词which与之搭配，构成“介词+关系代词”的结构，引导从句。故填where/in which she grew up。 9．The old woman is a famous artist. You talked with her just now. →The old woman is a famous artist. (用定语从句合并) 【答案】with whom you talked just now/ who you talked with just now/that you talked with just now/whom you talked with just now 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你刚才和她谈话的那位老妇人是一位著名的艺术家。分析两个简单句以及转换后的句子部分内容可知，the old woman应为定语从句的先行词，第二个简单句中的her指的是先行词，在句子中作宾语，所以此处使用关系代词whom代替her作宾语，所以此处使用“with whom”引导定语从句，提至先行词之后，其它内容保持不变，或将介词with位置不变，关系代词可使用who或者that或者whom。故填with whom you talked just now/who you talked with just now/that you talked with just now/whom you talked with just now。 10．The house has been pulled down. He lived in the house 10 years ago. →The house has been pulled down. (用定语从句合并) 【答案】where he lived 10 years ago/in which he lived 10 years ago 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他十年前住过的房子被拆毁了。根据两个简单句以及转换后的句子的部分内容可知，the house为先行词，在从句中作介词in的宾语，先行词指物，此处使用which代替先行词the house作宾语，所以此处为“in which”引导定语从句，在定语从句中作状语，或者in which在从句中作地点状语，可以使用关系副词where替换，其它内容不变。故填where (in which) he lived 10 years ago。 11．To begin with, it will make you waste too much valuable time. The valuable time should be spent on your study.  (用限制性定语从句合并) 【答案】To begin with, it will make you waste too much valuable time which should be spent on your study. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：首先，它会让你浪费太多宝贵的时间。宝贵的时间应该花在你的学习上。将第二个句子变为定语从句，先行词是valuable time，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故答案是To begin with, it will make you waste too much valuable time which should be spent on your study.。 12．I came across an attractive car on the street. Its shape is smart. →I came across an attractive car on the street . (用定语从句合并) 【答案】the shape of which is smart/whose shape is smart 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在街上遇到一辆外形很漂亮的汽车。分析两个简单句，两句中共有的词为car，所以先行词为car，第二句子中的its指的是car’s，修饰名词shape，先行词与shape为所属关系，所以此处使用关系代词whose引导定语从句代替its，或者是转换为the shape of which，其中which指代的是先行词作宾语，其它内容不变。故填the shape of which/whose shape is smart。 17 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语法串讲02 限制性定语从句(精讲精练) 一、三要素 1. 在定语从句中，对某一名词、代词或名词短语起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语叫先行词， 2. 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 3. 关系词在从句中充当一定的成分. 2. 关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。 二、关系代词的基本用法 1. who的用法(指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语。) The person who talked to me was one of my classmates.和我交谈的那个人是我的一个同学。(主语) He is the man who I turn to for help very much.他就是我求助的那个人。(宾语) 2. whom的用法 Jack is the person (who/whom) you should care about.杰克是你应该关心的人。(who/whom 可以省略) The old man to whom a medal is awarded is very inspiring.这位被授予奖章的老人非常鼓舞人心。(whom不能省略) 3. which的用法(指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。) The plane is a machine which can fly.飞机是一种会飞的机器。(主语) The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。(定语) 4. that的用法(既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。) The number of people that/who visit the city reaches one million every year.每年参观这个城市的人数达到了一百万。(主语) The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the speech competition.特纳先生递交的报告是关于演讲比赛的。(宾语，可以省略) He doesn’t seem to be the man that he was ten years ago.他看起来已经不是十年前的样子了。(表语) 5. whose的用法(whose既可指人又可指物，在从句中修饰名词，作定语。) He lives in the room whose window faces south.他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。(先行词是物) This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。(先行词是人) 归纳： whose指人时，常用下列结构来代替： I will talk to those students whose homework hasn’t been done on schedule. ＝I will talk to those students，the homework of whom hasn’t been done on schedule. ＝I will talk to those students，of whom the homework hasn’t been done on schedule. 我将和那些没按时完成作业的学生谈话。 6. as 的用法。(既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，先行词被the same, such和so 修饰。) In the last exam, he made the same mistake as you made. 在上次考试中，他犯了和你一样的错误。 【易错点提示】 1.关系代词只用that而不用which的情况 (1)当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。 All that you must keep in mind is that you must be buried in your research. 你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你的研究。 (2)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 He was the first survivor that was dug out from the ruins. 他是从废墟中被挖出的第一个幸存者。 (3)当先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is give in to our parents’ ideas. 我们唯一能做的事情就是听从我们父母的意见。 (4)当先行词既指人又指物时。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间见到的人和一些照片。 (5)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时, 为避免重复而用that。 Who is the man that came to rescue you in this disaster? 在这次灾难中救你的人是谁? (6)当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 2.只能用which，不能用that的情况： (1)先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时。 Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day.我们的老师通常每天布置家庭作业，第二天在课堂上背诵。 (2)先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。 I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。 (3)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时。 Until now, we have raised 50, 000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected. 到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子募捐到了50000英镑，这是完全没有预料到的。 3. one of＋复数名词和the only one of＋复数名词作先行词的时候 (1)“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；在肯定句中，“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我们班里唯一学过法语的男孩。 (2)为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。 This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it)这就是我们上星期天参观的那家工厂。 三、关系副词的基本用法 1. 关系副词when when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。有时when＝in/at/on/during...＋which，具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定。 There used to be a time when(＝during which) I hated going to school.曾有一段时间我不愿意去上学。 I’ll never forget the day when(＝on which) I left for college with my father.我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去上大学的那天。 2. 关系副词where where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。有时where＝in/at/on...＋which，具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定。 They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flowers.他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。 The office where(＝at which) the girl works is not far from here.这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远。 [疑难点津]　有一些先行词，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。 You reach a point in any project where you just want to get the thing finished.在任何一个项目中，你都会达到一个你只想把事情做完的阶段。 We reached a stage where we had to answer violence with law.我们到了必须用法律来对抗暴力的境地。 3. 关系副词why why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。 Can you explain the reason why(＝for which) you don’t help him?你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？ Can you tell me the reason why you didn’t come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？ 【名师点津】 1.关系词的3个作用 关系词通常有下列三个作用: (1)引导定语从句; (2)代替先行词; (3)在定语从句中充当一个成分。 2.关系代词和关系副词的判定 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用关系代词。 试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语) Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which在从句中作spent的宾语) The talented pianist returned to the city where he grew up.这位天才钢琴家回到了他长大的城市。(where在从句中作状语) The talented pianist returned to the city that/which he visited last year.这位天才钢琴家回到了他去年去过的城市。(that或which在从句中作visited的宾语) I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why在从句中作原因状语) I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你给我们的理由。(that或which在从句中作宾语) 定语从句解题三步走 第一步：根据是否修饰某一名词，放在该名词之后确定是不是定语从句。 第二步：根据从句中是否缺主语或宾语确定用关系代词还是关系副词。如果从句缺主语或宾语，则用关系代词；如果不缺主语或宾语，则使用关系副词(或者“介词＋which”) 第三步：根据先行词具体所指，确定是哪个关系代词或者关系副词。 1. (2024•浙江1月高考•语法填空)Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. 2. (2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷· 语法填空)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route richness brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65.　　　　　(rich) of gardening in England.  3.(2023北京高考)Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ________ thousands were attending a water conference. 4.(2023∙全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow” 5．（2024高一下·江苏·期末）It is a remarkable event the students celebrate the beauty of autumn. 6．（2024高一下·江苏·期末）She is the girl to I owe an apology. 7．（2024高一上·福建福州·期末）The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything they could find. 8．（2024高一下·山东济宁·期末）I ran through the crowd of people were hurrying to get on the train. 9．（2024高一下·福建漳州·期末）Festivals are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life. 10．（2024高一下·广东东莞·期末）The invention of the wheel can date back to the time early humans first started using tools. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．（2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中）Boys, please don’t talk about such things you don’t understand at all. 2．（2025高一下·福建三明·期中）Have you ever faced a time things looked dark and you had no hope at all? 3．（2025高一下·广东东莞·阶段练习）The museum ancient artifacts are displayed attracts millions of visitors. 4．（2025高一下·上海静安·期中）The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable at all. 5．（2025高一下·上海浦东新·期中）In today’s society ______ temptations and distractions are found everywhere, self-discipline is one of the most important qualities, if not the most important. A．where B．which C．that D．whose 6．（2025高一下·广东广州·期中）Attending the charity event was an occasion I realized the importance of giving back to the community. 7．（2025高一下·广东广州·期中）Those embrace challenges with courage often discover strengths they never knew they had. 8．（2025高一下·广东广州·期中）This is the very museum we visited during our school trip last year. 9．（2025高一下·广东东莞·阶段练习）They joined an online group they talked about their problems and got support and advice from others. 10．（2025高一下·重庆·阶段练习）The reason I’d like to take part in the competition of the Tang poetry recitation is that I want to learn more about Tang poems. 11．（2025高一下·甘肃·阶段练习）That was the day it took six hours to break my soul. 12．（2025高一下·吉林长春·阶段练习）Last weekend witnessed an activity, through which not only did we admire the beauty of plants in the park, but also we learned about the environment they grow. 13．（2025高一下·甘肃·阶段练习）Is this the room they lived last winter? 14．（2025高一下·吉林长春·阶段练习）Festivals are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. 15．（2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中）The environment children grow up influences their character. 16．（2025高一下·江苏扬州·期中）The girl from I borrowed this dictionary is my classmate. 17．（2025高一下·重庆江津·期中）There was a time I was a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. 18．（2025高一下·重庆江津·期中）When I first came to the club I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much. 19．（2025高一下·重庆江津·阶段练习）This is the place I can’t agree. 20．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）After two months in America, Tian Hua made some friends with she explored the city. 21．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）The relics were found in a tomb of Haihunhou experts have been digging for years. 22．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）Last week, I read a book from I knew how a person could make contribution to protecting the cultural heritage of his country. 23．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）The people and things I met in the new school were quite impressive. 24．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）CISAR brings help and hope to those lives are changed by natural disasters. 25．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）Even after years, they could still remember the days they played football as a team. 26．（2025高一下·广东惠州·阶段练习）Someone can speak quite a few language may seem especially talented. 27．（2025高一下·甘肃嘉峪关·阶段练习）You may not control all the events happen to you, but you can decide not to be reduced by them. 28．（2025高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）Scientists are still trying to determine the extent which climate change will impact coastal communities in the next decade. 29．（21-22高一下·江苏南通·阶段练习）In a word, we reached a point we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 30．（2025高一下·河北保定·期中）The room windows face north is mine. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．（2025高一下·广东茂名·阶段练习）To be honest, I don’t like       you speak to her. 老实说，我不喜欢你对她说话的方式。 2．（2025高一下·广东广州·阶段练习）在毕业典礼上，校长发表了演讲，在演讲中他祝贺毕业生们取得来之不易的成就。 At the graduation ceremony, the university president gave a speech their hard-earned achievements.(用定语从句) 3．一句多译 她很伤心，那是因为她儿子在一次事故中丧生了。 Her son was killed in an accident. she was very sad. she was very sad her son was killed in an accident. She was very sad. her son was killed in an accident. 4．He sees a sign for a place . 他看到一个理发的标志。 5．他从一棵很高的树上摔了下来。那就是他弄伤腿的原因。 ①He fell from a tall tree. he hurt his leg. ②He hurt his leg. he fell from a tall tree. ③The reason he fell from a tall tree. 6．（2025高一上·福建莆田·期末）The Boys and Girls Club he started in Chicago has been young people since 1996. 他在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。 7．（2025高一上·浙江杭州·期末）在听取了研究这个问题的科学家的意见后，政府向联合国寻求帮助。 listening to the scientists had studied the problem, the government turned to the UN help. 8．（2025高一上·福建莆田·期末）…the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those and to bury the dead. 部队派出了15万士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。 9．（2025高一上·河北唐山·期末）这部基于真实故事的电影非常感人。 The movie story is based on a true event is very moving. 10．（2025高一上·广东广州·期末）随着大象数目大量增长，该组织认为他们之前采取的措施是有效的。 With the number of elephants , the organization thinks the measures are effective. 11．（2025高一上·陕西西安·期末）玩手机成瘾被认为是许多人现在睡眠不足的原因之一。(regard；why) Cellphone addiction many people can’t get enough sleep now. 12．（2025高一上·山东日照·期末）你知道Tom昨天缺席聚会的原因吗？（定语从句） Do you know Tom was absent from the party yesterday? 13．（2025高一上·广东·期末）曾经有一段时期，人们靠狩猎和采集为生。             people lived by hunting and gathering. 14．（2025高一上·重庆·期末）For many adults, the memories of childhood have become cherished moments, as they were in a world free of worries and cares. (time) 对许多成年人来说，童年的记忆已经变成了珍贵的瞬间，因为那是一个他们置身于无忧无虑的世界中的时光。 15．（2025高一上·重庆·期末）Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those and to bury the dead.（trap，定语从句） 地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。 Ⅲ 句型转换 1．Xu Beihong was a well-known Chinese artist and was most famous for his Chinese ink and wash paintings of horses.（用定语从句升级） 2．They built a highway leading into the mountains. (句型转换) →They built a highway . 3. A man living in the village rarely sees subways. →A man rarely sees subways. 4．（2025高一上·广东东莞·期末）The wonderful days will be forever treasured. We studied together in the days. (用定语从句合并) 5．A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. →A young man came to speak to us yesterday. 6．On his birthday of eleven, he is invited to go to Hogwarts, a magic school. He learns magic there. (用 where引导的定语从句合并) 7．用 why引导的定语从句升级句子 Basketball can bring me lots of happiness, health and friends, so I like it so much. 8．She wants to visit the village again. She grew up in it. → She wants to visit the village again . 9．The old woman is a famous artist. You talked with her just now. →The old woman is a famous artist. (用定语从句合并) 10．The house has been pulled down. He lived in the house 10 years ago. →The house has been pulled down. (用定语从句合并) 11．To begin with, it will make you waste too much valuable time. The valuable time should be spent on your study.  (用限制性定语从句合并) 12．I came across an attractive car on the street. Its shape is smart. →I came across an attractive car on the street . (用定语从句合并) 5 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$