精品解析：江苏省无锡市锡东高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题

2024-2025学年度第二学期期中考试 高二英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a police station. B. At a ticket office. C. At a post office. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Assistant and customer. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and secretary. 3. What has recently caught the man’s interest? A. Areas with little rainfall. B. Places full of animals. C. Regions full of plants. 4. What time is it now? A. At 11:00 a. m. B. At noon. C. At 1:00 p. m. 5. What does the man struggle with? A. Writing good sentence structures. B. Using the right verb tenses. C. Choosing the right words. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the man trying to complete? A. A website project. B. A science presentation. C. A science experiment. 7. What does the woman suggest including? A. National agency’s latest reports. B. Updated environmental laws. C. Historical pollution trends. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the main goal of the cultural exchange club? A. To show beautiful views. B. To invite guest speakers to give speeches. C. To help students understand the world better. 9. Which club activity does the woman probably like best? A. International food fair. B. Sports and games. C. Cultural nights. 10. Why does the woman hope to join the club? A. To enjoy cultural events. B. To improve her language skills. C. To make friends from different countries. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The woman’s job. B. The man’s law firm. C. Rachel’s recent condition. 12. What is the woman probably doing? A. Cooking food. B. Having dinner. C. Ordering food. 13. How does the man feel about unemployment benefits? A. He thinks they are helpful. B. He is embarrassed by them. C. He thinks they are unnecessary. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the man like about the summer festival? A. Swimming in the pool. B. Barbecuing with friends. C. Watching the parade. 15. Why doesn’t the man like traditional holidays? A. They happen in uncomfortable places. B. They are too expensive to afford. C. They feel like a requirement. 16. How does the woman’s family celebrate traditional holidays? A. By making gifts for each other. B. By buying expensive things. C. By holding a pool party. 17. What does the woman imply in the end? A. Families can have their own ways of celebrating holidays. B. Traditional holidays are more comfortable. C. Gifts are better than promises. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did Dr. Wilson teach the speaker? A How to get funds for the plastic arms. B. How to use his feet in daily life. C. How to get used to plastic arms. 19. What did the speaker think of his teacher in high school? A. She cared more about his schoolwork. B. She helped him to be more confident. C. She had little sympathy for him. 20. Who is the speaker now probably? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A lawyer. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A This coffee cup is a high-quality product designed for coffee lovers. It is made with great attention to detail to enhance your coffee-drinking experience. Material The cup is made of high-quality ceramic. Ceramic is known for its ability to maintain heat well, keeping your coffee warm for a longer period. It also gives a smooth and pleasant touch when you hold the cup. The handle is firmly attached to the cup. It is made of the same ceramic material, ensuring durability and a seamless (无缝的) look. Design ◆ The coffee cup has a standard capacity of 300ml. This size is perfect for a regular cup of coffee, whether it is a latte (拿铁) , espresso, or cappuccino. ◆ The cup has a classic round shape. The opening is wide enough for easy sipping and also allows the pleasant smell to be fully released. Usage Instructions ◆ Before using the coffee cup for the first time, it is recommended to wash it with warm water and mild cleaner. ◆ When pouring coffee into the cup, be careful not to overfill it. ◆ After use, wash the cup instantly. It is dishwasher-safe, but hand-washing can also be used to extend its lifespan (使用寿命) . Maintenance ◆ Avoid sudden temperature changes. For example, do not pour extremely hot coffee into a cold cup or put a hot cup directly into cold water, as this may cause the ceramic to break. ◆ Store the coffee cup in a dry and clean place. 1. Which section can readers refer to for storage requirements? A. Material. B. Design. C. Usage Instructions. D. Maintenance. 2. What do we know about the cup's material? A. It is sensitive to mild cleaner. B. It has properties of absorbing heat. C. It helps smooth the holder's hand skin. D. It is subject to sudden temperature changes. 3. What is the text? A. A product report. B. A user guide. C. A cup advertisement. D. A coffee recipe. B Soon after Mr. & Mrs. Bacchus started farming their little patch of land, they faced a major problem — a plague of birds fed on their precious crops. Then, a man stopped on the road outside their house, and asked the couple if he could take photographs of the birds on the property. Afterwards, he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds, they should instead learn to live alongside them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. Today, the couple credit this man, the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa, with changing their lives, and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation in this region. Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations, which helps explain why it’s among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity. The country is home to over 1,600 bird species — nearly double the number found in all of Europe — within an area just slightly larger than the UK. As the business of birding grows, more and more farmers are switching their land from agriculture to bird reserves, benefiting not just the birds, but the country’s economy too. One notable example is the Ajila family, who have devoted themselves to preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird. On his land near Recinto, landowner Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists — work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. “Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming, but that wasn’t our only motivation,” says Luis Jr., Ajila’s son. “We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations.” Since 2005 Angel Paz has transformed his former dairy farm into a bird reserve. At first, things didn’t go to plan: it took a month for the first visitor to arrive, and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour. Since then, however, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage. “I have protected my home and its birdlife for almost two decades, and finally watched the wildlife — and the people who visit — flourish,” Angel Paz says. 4. What advice did the photographer give to the couple? A. Photographing the birds. B. Coexisting with the birds. C. Protecting their precious crops. D. Taking care of their property. 5. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A. How Ecuador is geographically unique. B. What distinguishes Ecuador’s biodiversity. C. What makes Ecuador a birding destination. D How birding tourism is operated in Ecuador. 6. What have the Ajila family achieved? A. Helping other farmers shake off poverty. B. Combining profitability with sustainability. C. Applying new technology in modern farming. D. Changing the landscapes of their residential areas. 7. What can we learn from Ángel Paz’s story? A. Well begun is half done. B. It takes time to bear fruit. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. The secret to success is adaptability. C Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson’s disease, and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways, a new study shows. “It was very cool to see dance had a positive effect on the mood circuits in the brain, which we could see in the imaging from MRI brain scans (扫描),” says Joseph DeSouza, author of the study. “These improvements were also reported by the participants via survey. Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods.” The study followed 23 participants with Parkinson’s disease from the Sharing Dance Parkinson’s program at Canada’s National Ballet School, along with family members or caregivers. Participants took weekly dance classes for 8 months, progressing from simple leg and foot work to more complex movements like waltzes and more. The research team focused on the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), a brain region linked to depression. They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (老年抑郁量表) and conducted regular MRI scans. The researchers found that after each dance class, reported depression rates dropped, and the effect was increasing from class to class, with significant improvements after 8 months. “We showed that SCG’s BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal decreases while dancing, which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression,” says DeSouza. “Parkinson’s disease is often accompanied by depression long before motor symptoms (症状) appear.” Dance is thought to have a double benefit, with music activating the brain’s reward centers, and the movement acting on sensory and motor circuits. DeSouza, dancing with participants for 14 years, says that while dancing is not a treatment for Parkinson’s disease by itself, the benefits are clear. “We’re not trying to cure it with dance,” he says. “What we’re trying to do is to have people live a better quality of life. This goes for both the patients, and their families that take care of them.” 8. What do we know about the results of the two detection methods? A. They fall short of expectations. B. They are more accurate than before. C. They are distinct from each other. D. They show consistent conclusions. 9. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By referring to previous studies. B. By making pre-post comparisons. C By employing computer modeling. D. By conducting drug experiments. 10. What did the researchers find about the SCG? A. It is in charge of motor system. B. It can be measured by the GDS. C. Dancing slows down its functioning. D Depression weakens its BOLD signal. 11. What is the best title of the text? A. Dancing Away Parkinson’s Blues B. Dancing: Multiple Benefits To Be Seen C. Dancing With Your Mood Circuits D. Dancing: A Journey To Mental Well-being D Imagine an artificial intelligence model that can watch and understand moving images like you and me. Now, scientists have made this a reality by creating MovieNet: an innovative AI that processes videos much like how our brains interpret real-life scenes. This brain-inspired AI model can perceive moving scenes by simulating how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world. While conventional AI excels at still image recognition, MovieNet is designed to understand complex, dynamic scenes, allowing it to recognize small changes over time. To create MovieNet, Hollis Cline, senior author of the study, examined how animals’ brains process real-world scenes. Specifically, he studied how tadpoles’ (蝌蚪的) neurons respond to moving stimuli. Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene. Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes. In testing, MovieNet achieved 82.3% accuracy, outperforming trained human observers by 18% and doing much better than existing AI models. Beyond its higher accuracy, MovieNet is more environment-friendly. Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses (压缩) data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact. “We’ve also made AI far less demanding,” says Cline. MovieNet could also transform medicine. It might help detect early signs of diseases by tracking small movement changes that are difficult for human eyes to detect. Looking ahead, the team plans to improve MovieNet’s ability to adapt to different environments and enhance its potential applications. “By designing models that think like living organisms (有机体), we can achieve efficiency levels that aren't possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.” 12. What does the underlined word “simulating” mean in paragraph 2? A. Copying. B. Inspiring. C. Demonstrating. D. Recognizing. 13. MovieNet is trained ________. A. to integrate dynamic images B. to increase visual inputs C. to feed on information pieces D. to look into tadpoles’ neurons 14. According to paragraph 5, what is an advantage of MovieNet? A. Its powerful data storage. B. Its low energy consumption. C. Its control of medical diseases. D. Its improvement on drug effects. 15. What can be concluded from Cline’s words in the last paragraph? A. Biology brings us financial profits. B. Living organisms can outperform AI. C. AI can assist in biological development. D. Drawing inspiration from biology is promising. 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） How to appreciate a classic Classics are often seen as books read by literature majors or intellectuals. They carry a certain air of snobbery (势利) in them.____16____ The classics and I began as acquaintances, eventually to friends, and then to close confidantes (密友) with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic? Find your classic (era). The term classic applies to a wide range of books across a long period of time.____17____ Not every classic is as thick as Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina. Like all forms of literature, there are genres within the classics selection of a bookstore. By finding your era, there’s always something that may appeal to you. Read slow and get immersed (沉浸的). Classics aren’t written in our modern tongue.____18____ As challenging as it may be, I suggest reading your first classic slow. Allow the book and the language to grow with you. It’s like immersing yourself in a different world. It would take a few interactions to get the hang of it, but you do get it eventually. ____19____ Once immersed, you rather get a hang of the language, and it is best to read another one. Maybe read a book from the same author. In this way, the next book becomes easier to read. The case in the language and the context is reward itself and may motivate you to read more classics. Try again. If the first classic you got was a miss, find another one. You can even start with thinner books like Peter Pan or a child’s classic such as Alice in Wonderland or even Anne of Green Gables. Don’t jump from “I don’t read classics” to “Brother Karamazov” all too sudden.____20____ A. Learn more about the author. B. Reading classics requires pacing. C. Follow through with another classic. D. My love for classics was a gradual affair. E. They are written with every mark of the period they were published. F. It’s wrong to assume that all classics are created equal. G. You should treat classics like vegetables and eat them quickly. 第三部分 语言知识运用（满分45分） 第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） I used to be a lifeguard and wanted to be a member of London 2012 volunteers. I figured there’d be thousands of ____21____ for the role, so I didn’t ____22____ to hear back. But, a few weeks later, I was invited to a two-day exam. It was ____23____. There were knockout (淘汰) stages and I only got one ____24____. When I passed, I felt disbelief. It never hit me that I could be ____25____ the top athletes in the world. When you’ re a lifeguard at the Olympics, you learn how to ____26____ everything from a suspected spinal injury to an asthma attack. You’ re not a doctor, but you have the equipment and must be ____27____. During my time at the Olympics, I ____28____ a few athletes who were so exhausted. We helped them out of the pool, made sure they were OK. I also ____29____ a couple of suspected broken noses in the water polo. I didn’t remember the race because I was so focused on ____30____ each athlete’s movements to see if anything didn’t look right. When I saw athletes celebrate, I celebrated with them. When they ____31____, my heart broke for them. The Olympians ____32____ me — they knew I was there to ____33____ them. They’d sign autographs for me. Today, I’m no longer a lifeguard. But whenever I watch the Olympics, I always ____34____ the lifeguards. There’s ____35____ going on behind the scenes that no one realizes. 21. A. sponsors B. consultants C. applicants D. viewers 22. A. want B. expect C. manage D. afford 23. A. complicated B. lengthy C. novel D. intense 24. A. chance B. privilege C. break D. dream 25. A. guiding B. judging C. lifeguarding D. homeschooling 26. A. document B. predict C. handle D. forward 27. A. ambitious B. talkative C. innovative D. prepared 28. A. assisted B. replaced C. pushed D. covered 29. A. treated B. picked C. noticed D. studied 30. A. copying B. checking C. comparing D. correcting 31. A. failed B. struggled C. completed D. relaxed 32. A. excused B. valued C. rated D. tipped 33. A. admire B. cheer C. support D. liberate 34. A. turn away from B. take pity on C. make contact with D. look out for 35. A. cost B. fun C. stuff D. fun 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For more than 3,500 years the mummified remains of the Xiaohe people lay ____36____ (disturbed) in a desert cemetery in Xinjiang in western China. Then, in 1979, a team of archaeologists got their hands on them. Among the treasures they dug up were the ____37____ (mystery) and also the oldest preserved cheese in the world. Writing in the journal Cell on September 25th, a team of researchers led by Fu Qiaomei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences now reports the first genetic analysis of the sour cheese. Their results paint a picture of a rich Bronze Age culture that ____38____ (exchange) animals with other peoples and may have helped spread cheese around East Asia. Why they were buried with the stuff, though, remains imperfectly ____39____ (understand). During their analysis, Dr Fu’s team identified DNA from a goat ____40____ milk went into the cheeses, before comparing it with 185 previously sequenced goat mitochondrial genomes. The genetic profile of the Xiaohe goat was similar to ____41____ of goats belonging to ancient Eurasian steppe (大草原) people, meaning the Xiaohe may have learned animal husbandry (农牧业) and cheese-making from them. The authors speculate that the cheese was an attractive alternative to raw milk, ____42____ is ____43____ (rich) in lactose (乳糖) to which many modern-day Asian people are intolerant. But it is possible that it was the milk drink, rather than the cheese, ____44____ was the main attraction, says Paul Kindstedt, a cheese chemist and historian from the University of Vermont. Dr Kindstedt thinks the genetic analysis of the 3,500-year-old sour cheese is the first example ____45____ (cast) light on the ancient Chinese culture and reveal secrets about numerous other cultures. 第四部分 书面表达（满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文报正在开展以“英语课外自主学习”为主题的征文活动。请你结合自身经历写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： (1)介绍你的一种做法； (2)说明其成效。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Effective Self-directed English Learning:My Experience _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’d always been told to take care of my older brother, Brian, who was born weak and small. I’d often tie his shoes or prepare another glass of water for him. My mom saw my larger size and strong body as a sign that I was to be a kind of guardian angel (守护天使) for Brian. However, that was not the case. One day our school sponsored a pumpkin-carving contest. First prize was $100, and I knew just how I would spend it. There was a brand-new game I was dying to own. So I decided the first place bonus definitely had to land in my pocket. When I had to carve the perfect pumpkin I’d picked out, it dawned on me that with my big clumsy fingers I’d surely screw it up (搞砸). I thought of Brian’s smaller, delicate hands and knew he was the man for the job. I immediately begged Brian. Unexpectedly, he asked for a cut. That was fifty-fifty. Quickly doing the math in my head, I figured out even if I split (分摊) the first prize, I’d still have enough cash for the game. So I gave in to Brian’s demands. With skillful hands Brian carved the perfect face, and now we had the best pumpkin ever. Then the unexpected happened: We came in second. Unfortunately, second prize was only $50, and I needed every penny of that to buy the game. The day of the awards ceremony, the principal handed over the money to me because Brian was home, sick with cold. If he really wanted to win, he would have been here today, I thought to myself, justifying stealing the cash from under poor Brian’s runny nose. With hardly a thought, I ran to the store and bought my dream game. That night when Brian asked if we had won, I denied, afraid to look into his eyes. The whole thing was never mentioned again until the day when Brian was packing for college. I played my usual role in helping him pack when I came across an old album filled with photos he had taken as the school photographer. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?" I was shocked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年度第二学期期中考试 高二英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a police station. B. At a ticket office. C. At a post office. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Assistant and customer. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and secretary. 3. What has recently caught the man’s interest? A. Areas with little rainfall. B. Places full of animals. C. Regions full of plants. 4. What time is it now? A. At 11:00 a. m. B. At noon. C. At 1:00 p. m. 5. What does the man struggle with? A. Writing good sentence structures. B. Using the right verb tenses. C. Choosing the right words. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the man trying to complete? A. A website project. B. A science presentation. C. A science experiment. 7. What does the woman suggest including? A. National agency’s latest reports. B. Updated environmental laws. C. Historical pollution trends. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the main goal of the cultural exchange club? A. To show beautiful views. B. To invite guest speakers to give speeches. C. To help students understand the world better. 9. Which club activity does the woman probably like best? A. International food fair. B. Sports and games. C. Cultural nights. 10. Why does the woman hope to join the club? A. To enjoy cultural events. B. To improve her language skills. C. To make friends from different countries. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The woman’s job. B. The man’s law firm. C. Rachel’s recent condition. 12. What is the woman probably doing? A. Cooking food. B. Having dinner. C. Ordering food. 13. How does the man feel about unemployment benefits? A. He thinks they are helpful. B. He is embarrassed by them. C. He thinks they are unnecessary. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the man like about the summer festival? A. Swimming in the pool. B. Barbecuing with friends. C. Watching the parade. 15. Why doesn’t the man like traditional holidays? A. They happen in uncomfortable places. B. They are too expensive to afford. C. They feel like a requirement. 16. How does the woman’s family celebrate traditional holidays? A. By making gifts for each other. B. By buying expensive things. C. By holding a pool party. 17. What does the woman imply in the end? A. Families can have their own ways of celebrating holidays. B. Traditional holidays are more comfortable. C. Gifts are better than promises. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did Dr. Wilson teach the speaker? A. How to get funds for the plastic arms. B. How to use his feet in daily life. C. How to get used to plastic arms. 19. What did the speaker think of his teacher in high school? A. She cared more about his schoolwork. B. She helped him to be more confident. C. She had little sympathy for him. 20. Who is the speaker now probably? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A lawyer. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A This coffee cup is a high-quality product designed for coffee lovers. It is made with great attention to detail to enhance your coffee-drinking experience. Material The cup is made of high-quality ceramic. Ceramic is known for its ability to maintain heat well, keeping your coffee warm for a longer period. It also gives a smooth and pleasant touch when you hold the cup. The handle is firmly attached to the cup. It is made of the same ceramic material, ensuring durability and a seamless (无缝的) look. Design ◆ The coffee cup has a standard capacity of 300ml. This size is perfect for a regular cup of coffee, whether it is a latte (拿铁) , espresso, or cappuccino. ◆ The cup has a classic round shape. The opening is wide enough for easy sipping and also allows the pleasant smell to be fully released. Usage Instructions ◆ Before using the coffee cup for the first time, it is recommended to wash it with warm water and mild cleaner. ◆ When pouring coffee into the cup, be careful not to overfill it. ◆ After use, wash the cup instantly. It is dishwasher-safe, but hand-washing can also be used to extend its lifespan (使用寿命) . Maintenance ◆ Avoid sudden temperature changes. For example do not pour extremely hot coffee into a cold cup or put a hot cup directly into cold water, as this may cause the ceramic to break. ◆ Store the coffee cup in a dry and clean place. 1. Which section can readers refer to for storage requirements? A. Material. B. Design. C. Usage Instructions. D. Maintenance. 2. What do we know about the cup's material? A. It is sensitive to mild cleaner. B. It has properties of absorbing heat. C. It helps smooth the holder's hand skin. D. It is subject to sudden temperature changes. 3. What is the text? A. A product report. B. A user guide. C. A cup advertisement. D. A coffee recipe. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍一款高品质陶瓷咖啡杯的材料、设计、使用及维护指南。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Maintenance部分“Store the coffee cup in a dry and clean place. (将咖啡杯存放在干燥、干净的地方)”可知，这部分涉及存储要求。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解提。根据Maintenance部分“Avoid sudden temperature changes. For example, do not pour extremely hot coffee into a cold cup or put a hot cup directly into cold water, as this may cause the ceramic to break.(避免温度突然变化。例如，不要将极热的咖啡倒入冷杯子或将热杯子直接放入冷水中，因为这可能会导致陶瓷破裂)”可知，陶瓷材质对温度变化比较敏感，不能承受突然的温度变化。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据每段小标题“Material，Design，Usage Instructions，Maintenance (材料、设计、使用说明、维护)”可知，文章结构包含材料、设计、使用说明、维护。由此推知，本文属于产品使用指南。故选B。 B Soon after Mr. & Mrs. Bacchus started farming their little patch of land, they faced a major problem — a plague of birds fed on their precious crops. Then, a man stopped on the road outside their house, and asked the couple if he could take photographs of the birds on the property. Afterwards, he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds, they should instead learn to live alongside them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. Today, the couple credit this man, the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa, with changing their lives, and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation in this region. Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations, which helps explain why it’s among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity. The country is home to over 1,600 bird species — nearly double the number found in all of Europe — within an area just slightly larger than the UK. As the business of birding grows, more and more farmers are switching their land from agriculture to bird reserves, benefiting not just the birds, but the country’s economy too. One notable example is the Ajila family, who have devoted themselves to preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird. On his land near Recinto, landowner Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists — work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. “Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming, but that wasn’t our only motivation,” says Luis Jr., Ajila’s son. “We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations.” Since 2005, Angel Paz has transformed his former dairy farm into a bird reserve. At first, things didn’t go to plan: it took a month for the first visitor to arrive, and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour. Since then, however, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage. “I have protected my home and its birdlife for almost two decades, and finally watched the wildlife — and the people who visit — flourish,” Angel Paz says. 4. What advice did the photographer give to the couple? A. Photographing the birds. B. Coexisting with the birds. C. Protecting their precious crops. D. Taking care of their property. 5. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A. How Ecuador is geographically unique. B. What distinguishes Ecuador’s biodiversity. C. What makes Ecuador a birding destination. D. How birding tourism is operated in Ecuador. 6. What have the Ajila family achieved? A. Helping other farmers shake off poverty. B. Combining profitability with sustainability. C. Applying new technology in modern farming. D. Changing the landscapes of their residential areas. 7. What can we learn from Ángel Paz’s story? A. Well begun is half done. B. It takes time to bear fruit. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. The secret to success is adaptability. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了一对爱鸟夫妇和摄影师Manu Espinosa在厄瓜多尔创办了保护区，发展观鸟旅游业，同时带动其他农户将农田转变为观鸟地，这既促进了当地的旅游业有保护了环境。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中“Afterwards, he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds, they should instead learn to live alongside them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. (后来，他（摄影师）建议，与其试图赶走这些鸟，不如学会和它们一起生活，于是马拉克萨查保护区就诞生了)”可知，摄影师建议这对夫妇与鸟类共存。故选B项。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。由第三段“Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations, which helps explain why it’s among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity. The country is home to over 1,600 bird species — nearly double the number found in all of Europe — within an area just slightly larger than the UK. (观鸟旅游在厄瓜多尔蓬勃发展，专业旅游团越来越多。厄瓜多尔拥有不同海拔的各种生态系统，这有助于解释为什么它是世界上鸟类多样性排名前十的国家之一。该国拥有1600多种鸟类，几乎是整个欧洲鸟类的两倍，其面积略大于英国)”可知，第三段指出厄瓜多尔因多样的生态系统和高海拔差异，成为全球鸟类多样性前十的国家，并吸引观鸟旅游，C项“是什么让厄瓜多尔成为观鸟目的地”概括了厄瓜多尔成为观鸟目的地的核心原因。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。由第四段中“On his land near Recinto, landowner Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists — work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. (在累西托附近的土地上，土地所有者路易斯·阿吉拉（Luis Ajila）已经从奶牛养殖转向了保护，重新种植了树木，并向野生动物游客推广了该地——他说这项工作比农业更能维持生计)”和第五段中Luis Jr., Ajila’s son说的话“Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming, but that wasn’t our only motivation (野生动物旅游比农业更有利，但这不是我们唯一的动机)”“We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations. (我们的目标不仅是保护雨伞鸟，还要保护这里所有独特的野生动物，为子孙后代保护它们)”可知，Ajila家族将农场转为保护区，既保护伞鸟（长须伞鸟）又通过生态旅游获利，Ajila的儿子明确提到“旅游比农业更盈利，但保护动机同样重要”，体现经济与生态可持续性的结合。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段中“At first, things didn’t go to plan: it took a month for the first visitor to arrive, and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour. Since then, however, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage. “I have protected my home and its birdlife for almost two decades, and finally watched the wildlife — and the people who visit — flourish,” Angel Paz says. (起初，事情并没有按计划进行：第一位游客花了一个月的时间才到达，他只花了10美元就完成了四个小时的旅行。然而，从那以后，成千上万的人进行了朝圣。Angel Paz说：“近二十年来，我一直在保护我的家和它的鸟类，终于看到了野生动物和游客的蓬勃发展。”)”可知，Angel Paz的保护区初期游客稀少且收入微薄，但经过长期坚持（近20年），最终游客增多，生态与旅游业共同繁荣，B项“需要时间才能见效”准确反映了这一过程，强调耐心与坚持的重要性。故选B项。 C Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson’s disease, and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways, a new study shows. “It was very cool to see dance had a positive effect on the mood circuits in the brain, which we could see in the imaging from MRI brain scans (扫描),” says Joseph DeSouza, author of the study. “These improvements were also reported by the participants via survey. Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods.” The study followed 23 participants with Parkinson’s disease from the Sharing Dance Parkinson’s program at Canada’s National Ballet School, along with family members or caregivers. Participants took weekly dance classes for 8 months, progressing from simple leg and foot work to more complex movements like waltzes and more. The research team focused on the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), a brain region linked to depression. They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (老年抑郁量表) and conducted regular MRI scans. The researchers found that after each dance class, reported depression rates dropped, and the effect was increasing from class to class, with significant improvements after 8 months. “We showed that SCG’s BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal decreases while dancing, which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression,” says DeSouza. “Parkinson’s disease is often accompanied by depression long before motor symptoms (症状) appear.” Dance is thought to have a double benefit, with music activating the brain’s reward centers, and the movement acting on sensory and motor circuits. DeSouza, dancing with participants for 14 years, says that while dancing is not a treatment for Parkinson’s disease by itself, the benefits are clear. “We’re not trying to cure it with dance,” he says. “What we’re trying to do is to have people live a better quality of life. This goes for both the patients, and their families that take care of them.” 8. What do we know about the results of the two detection methods? A. They fall short of expectations. B. They are more accurate than before. C. They are distinct from each other. D. They show consistent conclusions. 9. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By referring to previous studies. B. By making pre-post comparisons. C. By employing computer modeling. D. By conducting drug experiments. 10. What did the researchers find about the SCG? A. It is in charge of motor system. B. It can be measured by the GDS. C. Dancing slows down its functioning. D. Depression weakens its BOLD signal. 11. What is the best title of the text? A. Dancing Away Parkinson’s Blues B. Dancing: Multiple Benefits To Be Seen C. Dancing With Your Mood Circuits D. Dancing: A Journey To Mental Well-being 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了舞蹈可缓解帕金森病患者的抑郁症状，通过MRI扫描和问卷调查验证其效果。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods. (我们的研究是首次通过这两种检测方法来证明这些益处的。)”可知，这两种检测方法均可以证明益处，即它们得出了一致的结论。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (老年抑郁量表) and conducted regular MRI scans. (他们使用老年抑郁量表（GDS）在每节课前后测量情绪和抑郁，并定期进行MRI扫描。)”可知，研究人员在每节课前后测量情绪和抑郁，是通过前后对比来进行研究的。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“We showed that SCG’s BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal decreases while dancing, which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression, (我们发现，SCG的BOLD（血氧水平依赖性）信号在跳舞时会减弱，这意味着SCG的功能不如抑郁症患者运行得那么快)”可知，跳舞会让SCG的运行速度放缓。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson’s disease, and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways, a new study shows. (一项新的研究表明，跳舞可以降低与帕金森氏症相关的抑郁，其益处通过多种方式看出。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了舞蹈可缓解帕金森病患者的抑郁症状，通过MRI扫描和问卷调查验证其效果，所以“跳舞远离帕金森氏症的忧郁”适合作为文章标题。故选A。 D Imagine an artificial intelligence model that can watch and understand moving images like you and me. Now, scientists have made this a reality by creating MovieNet: an innovative AI that processes videos much like how our brains interpret real-life scenes. This brain-inspired AI model can perceive moving scenes by simulating how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world. While conventional AI excels at still image recognition, MovieNet is designed to understand complex, dynamic scenes, allowing it to recognize small changes over time. To create MovieNet, Hollis Cline, senior author of the study, examined how animals’ brains process real-world scenes. Specifically, he studied how tadpoles’ (蝌蚪的) neurons respond to moving stimuli. Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene. Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes. In testing, MovieNet achieved 82.3% accuracy, outperforming trained human observers by 18% and doing much better than existing AI models. Beyond its higher accuracy, MovieNet is more environment-friendly. Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses (压缩) data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact. “We’ve also made AI far less demanding,” says Cline. MovieNet could also transform medicine. It might help detect early signs of diseases by tracking small movement changes that are difficult for human eyes to detect. Looking ahead, the team plans to improve MovieNet’s ability to adapt to different environments and enhance its potential applications. “By designing models that think like living organisms (有机体), we can achieve efficiency levels that aren't possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.” 12. What does the underlined word “simulating” mean in paragraph 2? A. Copying. B. Inspiring. C. Demonstrating. D. Recognizing. 13. MovieNet is trained ________. A. to integrate dynamic images B. to increase visual inputs C. to feed on information pieces D. to look into tadpoles’ neurons 14. According to paragraph 5, what is an advantage of MovieNet? A. Its powerful data storage. B. Its low energy consumption. C. Its control of medical diseases. D. Its improvement on drug effects. 15. What can be concluded from Cline’s words in the last paragraph? A. Biology brings us financial profits. B. Living organisms can outperform AI. C. AI can assist in biological development. D. Drawing inspiration from biology is promising. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家开发出的一种新型的人工智能模型——MovieNet，并详细说明其原理、优势以及潜在应用。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上文“This brain-inspired AI model(这个受大脑启发的人工智能模型)”和下文的内容“how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world(神经元是如何实时感知世界的)”可知，既然这种人工智能模型是受人类大脑启发的，那么它肯定是可以模仿神经元对世界的感知。因此，划线单词simulating的意为“模仿”或“复制”，与动词copying意义一致。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene.(蝌蚪的神经元处理这些视觉输入就像解决拼图一样：每一块单独可能都没有意义，但它们一起形成了一个完整的运动图像。不同的神经元处理现实生活中运动图像的各种“拼图”，然后大脑将它们组合成一个连续的场景。)”和第四段的句子“Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes.(利用这种理解，研究人员训练MovieNet通过识别小的视觉信号来处理视频片段，使其能够区分场景中的小变化。)”可知，MovieNet是通过整合动态图像来识别场景中的微小变化的。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的句子“Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact.(传统的人工智能需要大量的数据和能源，但MovieNet像压缩文件一样压缩数据，减少了对环境的影响。)”可知，MovieNet通过压缩数据减少了对环境的影响，即其能耗较低。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“By designing models that think like living organisms, we can achieve efficiency levels that aren’t possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.(通过设计像生物体一样思考的模型，我们可以达到传统人工智能无法达到的效率水平，”克莱恩说，“生物学是一座金矿。)”可知，Cline认为通过模仿生物体的思维方式设计模型，可以达到传统AI无法实现的效率水平，并称生物学为“金矿”。因此，可以推断出从生物学中汲取灵感是很有前景的。故选D项。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） How to appreciate a classic Classics are often seen as books read by literature majors or intellectuals. They carry a certain air of snobbery (势利) in them.____16____ The classics and I began as acquaintances, eventually to friends, and then to close confidantes (密友) with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic? Find your classic (era). The term classic applies to a wide range of books across a long period of time.____17____ Not every classic is as thick as Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina. Like all forms of literature, there are genres within the classics selection of a bookstore. By finding your era, there’s always something that may appeal to you. Read slow and get immersed (沉浸的). Classics aren’t written in our modern tongue.____18____ As challenging as it may be, I suggest reading your first classic slow. Allow the book and the language to grow with you. It’s like immersing yourself in a different world. It would take a few interactions to get the hang of it, but you do get it eventually. ____19____ Once immersed, you rather get a hang of the language, and it is best to read another one. Maybe read a book from the same author. In this way, the next book becomes easier to read. The case in the language and the context is reward itself and may motivate you to read more classics. Try again. If the first classic you got was a miss, find another one. You can even start with thinner books like Peter Pan or a child’s classic such as Alice in Wonderland or even Anne of Green Gables. Don’t jump from “I don’t read classics” to “Brother Karamazov” all too sudden.____20____ A. Learn more about the author. B. Reading classics requires pacing. C. Follow through with another classic. D. My love for classics was a gradual affair. E. They are written with every mark of the period they were published. F. It’s wrong to assume that all classics are created equal. G. You should treat classics like vegetables and eat them quickly. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欣赏经典方法，包括找到属于自己的经典时代、慢慢地沉浸阅读、读完一本经典后接着读另一本以及如果第一本不喜欢就再找一本等。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Classics are often seen as books read by literature majors or intellectuals. They carry a certain air of snobbery (势利) in them. (经典常常被视为文学专业学生或知识分子读的书。它们带有某种势利的气息。)”以及下文“The classics and I began as acquaintances, eventually to friends, and then to close confidantes (密友) with private jokes between us. (我和经典最初是相识，最终成为朋友，然后成为有我们之间私人玩笑的密友。)”可知，此处应是讲述“我”对经典的喜爱是一个渐进的过程。D选项“My love for classics was a gradual affair. (我对经典的喜爱是一个渐进的过程。)”承上启下。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The term classic applies to a wide range of books across a long period of time. (“经典”这个词适用于很长一段时间内的各种各样的书。)”以及下文“Not every classic is as thick as Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina. (不是每本经典都像托尔斯泰的《安娜・卡列尼娜》那么厚。)”可知，此处应是说不能认为所有经典都一样。F选项“It’s wrong to assume that all classics are created equal. (认为所有经典都是一样的是错误的。)”承上启下。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Classics aren’t written in our modern tongue. (经典不是用我们现代的语言写的。)”可知，此处应是进一步说明经典的语言与现代不同，是带有其出版时期的特点的。E选项“They are written with every mark of the period they were published. (它们带有其出版时期的每一个特点。)”承接上文。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Once immersed, you rather get a hang of the language, and it is best to read another one. Maybe read a book from the same author. In this way, the next book becomes easier to read. (一旦沉浸其中，你掌握了这种语言，最好再读另一本。也许读同一作者一本书。这样，下一本书就更容易读了。)”和设空位置可知，此段主要讲的是读完一本经典后接着读另一本。C选项“Follow through with another classic. (接着读另一本经典。)”可作为此段的小标题。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“If the first classic you got was a miss, find another one. You can even start with thinner books like Peter Pan or a child’s classic such as Alice in Wonderland or even Anne of Green Gables. Don’t jump from “I don’t read classics” to “Brother Karamazov” all too sudden. (如果你拿到的第一本经典不喜欢，找另一本。你甚至可以从像《彼得・潘》这样较薄的书开始，或者像《爱丽丝梦游仙境》甚至《绿山墙的安妮》这样的儿童经典。不要太突然地从“我不读经典”跳到《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》。)可知，此处应是说读经典要循序渐进。B选项“Reading classics requires pacing. (读经典需要循序渐进。)”总结上文。故选B项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（满分45分） 第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） I used to be a lifeguard and wanted to be a member of London 2012 volunteers. I figured there’d be thousands of ____21____ for the role, so I didn’t ____22____ to hear back. But, a few weeks later, I was invited to a two-day exam. It was ____23____. There were knockout (淘汰) stages and I only got one ____24____. When I passed, I felt disbelief. It never hit me that I could be ____25____ the top athletes in the world. When you’ re a lifeguard at the Olympics, you learn how to ____26____ everything from a suspected spinal injury to an asthma attack. You’ re not a doctor, but you have the equipment and must be ____27____. During my time at the Olympics, I ____28____ a few athletes who were so exhausted. We helped them out of the pool, made sure they were OK. I also ____29____ a couple of suspected broken noses in the water polo. I didn’t remember the race because I was so focused on ____30____ each athlete’s movements to see if anything didn’t look right. When I saw athletes celebrate, I celebrated with them. When they ____31____, my heart broke for them. The Olympians ____32____ me — they knew I was there to ____33____ them. They’d sign autographs for me. Today, I’m no longer a lifeguard. But whenever I watch the Olympics, I always ____34____ the lifeguards. There’s ____35____ going on behind the scenes that no one realizes. 21. A. sponsors B. consultants C. applicants D. viewers 22. A. want B. expect C. manage D. afford 23. A. complicated B. lengthy C. novel D. intense 24. A. chance B. privilege C. break D. dream 25. A. guiding B. judging C. lifeguarding D. homeschooling 26. A. document B. predict C. handle D. forward 27. A. ambitious B. talkative C. innovative D. prepared 28. A. assisted B. replaced C. pushed D. covered 29. A. treated B. picked C. noticed D. studied 30. A. copying B. checking C. comparing D. correcting 31. A. failed B. struggled C. completed D. relaxed 32. A. excused B. valued C. rated D. tipped 33. A. admire B. cheer C. support D. liberate 34. A. turn away from B. take pity on C. make contact with D. look out for 35. A. cost B. fun C. stuff D. fun 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾是一名救生员并成为2012年伦敦奥运会志愿者的经历，包括考试过程、工作内容及对运动员的感受等。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想会有成千上万的人申请这个职位，所以我没指望能得到回复。A. sponsors赞助商；B. consultants顾问；C. applicants申请人；D. viewers观众。根据前文“I used to be a lifeguard and wanted to be a member of London 2012 volunteers.”和后文“for the role”可推知，作者自己想成为志愿者，但认为这个职位会有很多申请人，所以后文“so I didn’t ____ to hear back”才会说自己不期待得到回复。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想会有成千上万的人申请这个职位，所以我没指望能得到回复。A. want想要；B. expect期望，指望；C. manage设法做到；D. afford负担得起。从前文“There’d be thousands of ____ for the role”可知，由于有大量的人申请该职位，竞争激烈，所以作者从常理推断没指望能得到回复。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：竞争很激烈。A. complicated复杂的；B. lengthy漫长的；C. novel新颖的；D. intense激烈的。根据前文“There’d be thousands of ____ for the role”和后文“There were knockout (淘汰) stages”可知，申请人很多，且考试存在淘汰环节，这充分说明竞争的激烈程度。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有淘汰阶段，我只有一次机会。A. chance机会；B. privilege特权；C. break休息；D. dream梦想。前文提到的“knockout (淘汰) stages”，有淘汰阶段意味着一旦失败可能就没有后续机会了，所以作者只有一次机会通过考试。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未想过我能为世界顶级运动员做救生工作。A. guiding指导；B. judging评判；C. lifeguarding做救生工作；D. homeschooling在家教育。根据前文“I used to be a lifeguard”可知作者的职业是救生员，后文描述在奥运会上处理运动员的各种状况，也说明是在做救生工作。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在奥运会上做救生员时，你要学习如何处理从疑似脊椎损伤到哮喘发作等各种情况。A. document记录；B. predict预测；C. handle处理；D. forward转发。后文“from a suspected spinal injury to an asthma attack”列举了各种突发状况，作为救生员的职责就是要处理这些情况。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你不是医生，但你有设备，必须做好准备。A. ambitious有野心的；B. talkative健谈的；C. innovative创新的；D. prepared有准备的。前文提到要处理从疑似脊椎损伤到哮喘发作等各种情况，说明会面临很多突发状况，所以救生员必须做好准备，结合后文“We helped them out of the pool, made sure they were OK.”，这种应对实际状况的行为也体现了要提前做好准备。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在奥运会期间，我帮助了几个筋疲力尽的运动员。A. assisted帮助；B. replaced代替；C. pushed推；D. covered覆盖。后文“We helped them out of the pool, made sure they were OK.”明确说明了作者对运动员进行了帮助，所以这里用“assisted”。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还治疗了几个水球比赛中疑似鼻子骨折的病人。A. treated治疗；B. picked挑选；C. noticed注意到；D. studied研究。根据下文“a couple of suspected broken noses in the water polo”可知，作者是救生员，所以治疗了几个水球比赛中疑似鼻子骨折的人。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不记得比赛了，因为我全神贯注地检查每个运动员的动作，看是否有不对劲的地方。A. copying复制；B. checking检查；C. comparing比较；D. correcting纠正。后文“to see if anything didn’t look right”明确说明了作者要检查运动员动作是否正常，所以用“checking”。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们失败时，我为他们心碎。A. failed失败；B. struggled挣扎；C. completed完成；D. relaxed放松。与前文“When I saw athletes celebrate, I celebrated with them.”形成对比，说明这里描述的是与庆祝相反的情况，即运动员失败的时候，所以作者会为他们心碎。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥运选手很重视我——他们知道我在那里是为了支持他们。A. excused原谅；B. valued重视；C. rated评价；D. tipped给小费。后文“They’d sign autographs for me.”表明运动员愿意给作者签名，这体现了他们对作者的重视。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥运选手很重视我——他们知道我在那里是为了支持他们。A. admire钦佩；B. cheer欢呼；C. support支持；D. liberate解放。前文提到作者作为救生员帮助运动员，如“assisted a few athletes who were so exhausted”等，说明作者在比赛中是起到支持运动员的作用。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但每当我看奥运会时，我总是留意那些救生员。A. turn away from转身离开；B. take pity on同情；C. make contact with与……取得联系；D. look out for留意，密切注意。因为作者曾经是救生员，有过相关经历，所以看奥运会时会自然地留意那些救生员，结合前文作者在奥运会做救生员的经历，这种留意是很自然的。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幕后有很多事情是没人意识到的。A. cost成本；B. fun乐趣；C. stuff事情，东西；D. fun乐趣。结合前文作者讲述自己作为救生员在奥运会幕后的工作经历，如处理运动员的各种状况等，说明幕后有很多不为人知的事情。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For more than 3,500 years the mummified remains of the Xiaohe people lay ____36____ (disturbed) in a desert cemetery in Xinjiang in western China. Then, in 1979, a team of archaeologists got their hands on them. Among the treasures they dug up were the ____37____ (mystery) and also the oldest preserved cheese in the world. Writing in the journal Cell on September 25th, a team of researchers led by Fu Qiaomei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences now reports the first genetic analysis of the sour cheese. Their results paint a picture of a rich Bronze Age culture that ____38____ (exchange) animals with other peoples and may have helped spread cheese around East Asia. Why they were buried with the stuff, though, remains imperfectly ____39____ (understand). During their analysis, Dr Fu’s team identified DNA from a goat ____40____ milk went into the cheeses, before comparing it with 185 previously sequenced goat mitochondrial genomes. The genetic profile of the Xiaohe goat was similar to ____41____ of goats belonging to ancient Eurasian steppe (大草原) people, meaning the Xiaohe may have learned animal husbandry (农牧业) and cheese-making from them. The authors speculate that the cheese was an attractive alternative to raw milk, ____42____ is ____43____ (rich) in lactose (乳糖) to which many modern-day Asian people are intolerant. But it is possible that it was the milk drink, rather than the cheese, ____44____ was the main attraction, says Paul Kindstedt, a cheese chemist and historian from the University of Vermont. Dr Kindstedt thinks the genetic analysis of the 3,500-year-old sour cheese is the first example ____45____ (cast) light on the ancient Chinese culture and reveal secrets about numerous other cultures. 【答案】36. undisturbed 37. mysterious 38. exchanged 39. understood 40. whose 41. that 42. which 43. richer 44. that 45. to cast 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学院付巧妹团队对新疆小河人墓葬中出土的世界上最古老奶酪进行基因分析的情况，揭示了青铜时代的文化交流等信息。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：3500多年来，小河人的木乃伊遗骸一直静静地躺在中国西部新疆的一个沙漠墓地中。lay(处于……状态；躺；位于)是系动词，提示词作表语，结合句意，用形容词undisturbed，意为“未受惊扰的；未被打搅的”，表明主语the mummified remains的状态。故填undisturbed。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们挖掘出的宝藏中，有神秘的、也是世界上保存最古老的奶酪。提示词修饰名词cheese，用形容词mysterious作定语，意为“神秘的”。故填mysterious。 38题详解】 考查时态。句意：他们的研究结果描绘出一幅青铜时代灿烂文化的图景：该文化不仅与其他族群进行动物交换，还可能助力乳酪在整个东亚地区的传播。exchange(交换)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词a rich Bronze Age culture)之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填exchanged。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，为什么他们和这些东西一起被埋葬，人们仍然不完全清楚。remains是系动词，understand(理解，明白)与主语“Why they were buried with the stuff”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作表语。故填understood。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在分析过程中，付博士的团队从一种山羊的DNA中鉴定出了用于制作奶酪的牛奶，然后将其与185个先前测序的山羊线粒体基因组进行了比较。“____ milk went into the cheeses”是定语从句，修饰先行词a goat，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，指“山羊的”，用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：小河山羊的基因特征与古代欧亚草原民族的山羊相似，这意味着小河人可能从他们那里学到了畜牧业和奶酪制作技术。此处用that指代前面的“The genetic profile”，避免重复。故填that。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：作者推测，奶酪是生牛乳的一种有吸引力的替代品，生牛乳富含乳糖，而现在很多亚洲人对乳糖不耐受。“____ is ____ (rich) in lactose”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词raw milk，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：作者推测，奶酪是生牛乳的一种有吸引力的替代品，生牛乳富含乳糖，而现在很多亚洲人对乳糖不耐受。根据语境可知，此处表示生牛乳比奶酪含有更多的乳糖，应用比较级richer作表语。故填richer。 【44题详解】 考查强调句。句意：但佛蒙特大学的奶酪化学家兼历史学家保罗·金斯特德说，有可能牛奶饮品才是主要的吸引力，而不是奶酪。此处是强调句结构“it is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”，被强调部分是原句主语“the milk drink, rather than the cheese”，句子其他部分用that引导。故填that。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：金斯特德博士认为，对有3500年历史的酸奶酪进行基因分析是第一个揭示中国古代文化并揭示众多其他文化秘密的例子。“(cast) light on the ancient Chinese culture and reveal secrets about numerous other cultures”作后置定语，修饰名词example，cast是非谓语动词，又因名词example前有序数词first修饰，用不定式作后置定语。故填to cast。 第四部分 书面表达（满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文报正在开展以“英语课外自主学习”为主题的征文活动。请你结合自身经历写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： (1)介绍你的一种做法； (2)说明其成效。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Effective Self-directed English Learning:My Experience _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Effective Self-directed English Learning: My Experience To enhance my English outside class, I choose to watch English movies regularly. Each week, I pick a classic like The Shawshank Redemption and watch it with English subtitles. This method has proven effective. It has increased my vocabulary, as I encounter new words in context. Moreover, my listening skills have improved significantly. Now, I can understand daily conversations and films with ease. English learning is no longer a struggle but a joy. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。考生所在校英文报正在开展以“英语课外自主学习”为主题的征文活动。请你结合自身经历写一篇短文投稿。 【详解】1．词汇积累： 提高：enhance→improve 选择：choose→select 方法：method→approach 显著地：significantly→remarkably 2.句式拓展： 原句：This method has proven effective. 拓展句：It has been proved that this method is effective. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】It has increased my vocabulary, as I encounter new words in context.（运用了 as 引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型 2】To enhance my English outside class, I choose to watch English movies regularly.（运用了不定式作目的状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’d always been told to take care of my older brother, Brian, who was born weak and small. I’d often tie his shoes or prepare another glass of water for him. My mom saw my larger size and strong body as a sign that I was to be a kind of guardian angel (守护天使) for Brian. However, that was not the case. One day our school sponsored a pumpkin-carving contest. First prize was $100, and I knew just how I would spend it. There was a brand-new game I was dying to own. So I decided the first place bonus definitely had to land in my pocket. When I had to carve the perfect pumpkin I’d picked out, it dawned on me that with my big clumsy fingers I’d surely screw it up (搞砸). I thought of Brian’s smaller, delicate hands and knew he was the man for the job. I immediately begged Brian. Unexpectedly, he asked for a cut. That was fifty-fifty. Quickly doing the math in my head, I figured out even if I split (分摊) the first prize, I’d still have enough cash for the game. So I gave in to Brian’s demands. With skillful hands Brian carved the perfect face, and now we had the best pumpkin ever. Then the unexpected happened: We came in second. Unfortunately, second prize was only $50, and I needed every penny of that to buy the game. The day of the awards ceremony, the principal handed over the money to me because Brian was home, sick with cold. If he really wanted to win, he would have been here today, I thought to myself, justifying stealing the cash from under poor Brian’s runny nose. With hardly a thought, I ran to the store and bought my dream game. That night when Brian asked if we had won, I denied, afraid to look into his eyes. The whole thing was never mentioned again until the day when Brian was packing for college. I played my usual role in helping him pack when I came across an old album filled with photos he had taken as the school photographer. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?" I was shocked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. It was a picture of the pumpkin we had carved together. Underneath, Brian had written, “My first real win with my brother. Even if we didn’t get first, it was a victory because we worked as a team.” Seeing those words, a wave of guilt washed over me. I remembered how I had selfishly taken all the money and lied to him. I realized how much I had let him down. I turned to Brian, ready to confess everything. Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?” I was shocked. Brian just smiled gently and said, “I always knew. But I also knew that you needed that game more than the money at that time. And I was proud of our teamwork, not the prize. I hoped one day you’d understand the real meaning of winning together.” His words made me feel even more ashamed. I apologized sincerely, vowing to make it up to him. From then on, I truly understood my role as his guardian angel and the importance of true brotherhood. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与哥哥Brian之间的一次经历，展现了兄弟之间的情感变化以及作者对“真正胜利”的理解。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我正欣赏着这些照片，其中一张吸引了我的目光。”以及第二段首句内容““你其实早就知道却什么都没说？”我震惊地问道。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现自己的哥哥早就知道他们获得了二等奖，却没有揭穿作者。 ②由第二段首句内容““你其实早就知道却什么都没说？”我震惊地问道。”可知，第二段可描写作者向哥哥道歉，也真正理解了兄弟情谊的重要性。 2.续写线索：作者欣赏着照片，突然发现了一张俩人一起雕刻南瓜的照片——在照片下，哥哥记下了他们一起雕刻南瓜这件事，并感叹虽然没有获得第一名，但是仍然是胜利——作者突然意识到哥哥早就知道了真相，却没有揭穿自己的谎言——作者准备向哥哥坦白，可是哥哥却温柔地自己为两人的团队合作感到自豪——作者非常愧疚，真诚地向哥哥道歉——从此之后，作者真正理解了兄弟情谊。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①说谎：lie/ tell a lie ②使……失望：let down/ disappoint ③道歉：apologize/ make an apology 情绪类 ①对……感到自豪：be proud of/ take pride in ②真诚地：sincerely/ genuinely 【点睛】【高分句型1】It was a picture of the pumpkin we had carved together.（运用了省略关系代词定语从句） 【高分句型2】Even if we didn’t get first, it was a victory because we worked as a team.（运用了even if引导的状语从句和because引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $