Unit 3 The Art of Painting 语法Grammar 现在分词和过去分词做表语-2024-2025学年高一英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版2020）

Unit 3 The Art of Painting 现在分词和过去分词做表语 一、语法填空 1．Yang Liping’s passion is (dance). 2．One way for him to find inspiration is (turn) to his children’s toys. 3．Our task is (finish) the project on time. 4．In the ant city, the queen's job is (lay) eggs. 5．My hobby is (collect) stamps from different countries. 6．Her job is (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible. 7．The correct way of learning is (combine) theory with practice. 8．What pleases him most is (bathe) in the sea. 9．What I hate most is (laugh at) by others. 10．By comparison，his worst habit is (smoke) while having dinner. 11．My hobby is (sit) on the beach, staring at the blue sky. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 12．Your task is (clean) the old car over there on your own. 13．As I know, the child’s passion is (sing). 14．The most popular pastime for a number of old people is (play) chess. 15．What annoyed me most was (cheat) by her over and over again. 16．The only thing that interests him is (dance). 17．The crucial thing is (use) body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 18．Henry’s job is (teach) physics in a local middle school. 19．Her hobby is (collect) some nice cards from her friends. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 20．On March 12th, the traditional activity is (plant) trees. 21．There’s no (deny) that China has made great progress in the past decades. 22．What made me angry is my not (allow) to see my parents. 23．Her job is (keep) the whole building clean. 24．Old Tom’s present job is (sweep) streets. 25．The real problem is (understand) how the system works. 26．I ask you not to get (involve) in this kind of matter. It’s none of your business. 27．In all his life, Qian Xuesen was (commit) to doing his research. 28．In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get (hug). 29．The couple has a high success rate in getting (accept) as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations. 30． (attach) to the email is a copy of document bearing her signature. 31．However (equip) you are with knowledge, you should continue studying further. 32．She is (attract) to her new school. 33．The students were (thrill) to learn that they would have the opportunity to meet a famous scientist in person. 34．The old castle, once magnificent, now appeared rather (neglect) with broken walls and overgrown weeds. 35．After hours of negotiation, the terms of the contract seemed finally (settle), and both parties were ready to sign. 36．In most cases, if you have good professional knowledge and good social skills, you will get (promote) much more easily. 37．Unluckily, all of the boys got (poison) and had stomachaches with their faces pale. 38．The televisions are rented rather than (buy), so that they can be replaced with more up-to-date models at any time. 39．The big fire lasted for four hours and all the buildings along the street got (destroy). 40．I feel greatly (honour) to deliver a speech on a healthy diet. 41．The little boy was so (frighten) that he took his father by the hand all the time. 42．The coins mostly lay (bury) in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. 43．Hearing his words, I felt (cheat) and became full of anger. 44．He was too distressed and (confuse) to answer their questions. 45．He felt （encourage） by the good news that he had won first prize. 46．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain (seat) as the plane was making a landing. 47．The wound from the dog bite has become (infect). 48．The car got (stick) in the mud due to the heavy rain. 49．Some endangered wild animals got (trap) in the mine last Tuesday. 50． (locate) at the city centre of Nanjing was a statue of Sun Zhongshan. 二、完成句子 51．乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从自己的失败中吸取教训。 Jordan says that the secret to his success is . 52．While Newton was certainly inspired by , there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 尽管牛顿确实受到一个落下来的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明这个苹果砸到了他的头上。 53．I don’t think her joke is 我认为她的笑话无趣。 54．What he says sounds 他说的话听起来更有说服力。 55．The story is ．这个故事很感人。 56．get＋过去分词 如果你碰巧在野外迷路了，最好待在原地等待救援。 If you happen to ，you’d better stay where you are and wait for help. 57．简感到被冷落, 孤独使她感到绝望。 , Jane got desperate with loneliness. (非谓语动词作状语) 58．You don’t have to get for this party to celebrate the carnival. 你不必为了庆祝狂欢节而盛装出席这个派对。 59．经过努力，经理看到了许多新产品，感到很满意。(分词做表语) The manager saw many new products and after work hard. 60．我们沉迷于壮丽的风景和当地人们的热情好客(hospitality)之中。(be absorbed in) the splendid scenery and the local people’s hospitality. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 The Art of Painting 现在分词和过去分词做表语 一、语法填空 1．Yang Liping’s passion is (dance). 【答案】dancing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杨丽萍的热情所在是跳舞。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，表示抽象的动作概念，本空用dance“跳舞”的动名词dancing，作表语。故填dancing。 2．One way for him to find inspiration is (turn) to his children’s toys. 【答案】turning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他从孩子们的玩具中寻找灵感。此处作表语，对主语的性质、内容等进行描述，应用动名词形式。故填turning。 3．Our task is (finish) the project on time. 【答案】finishing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们的任务是按时完成项目。句中已有谓语动词is，空处应用非谓语动词，在句中作表语，应用动名词形式finishing。故填finishing。 4．In the ant city, the queen's job is (lay) eggs. 【答案】laying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在蚂蚁城，蚁后的工作是产卵。分析句子可知，the queen's job is是句子的主语和谓语，空处缺少表语，空处应用动名词作表语。故填laying。 5．My hobby is (collect) stamps from different countries. 【答案】collecting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的爱好是收集来自不同国家的邮票。根据空格前系动词is可知，后面应是表语，不定式作表语强调的是具体的、将要发生的、一次性的动作；动名词作表语强调的是抽象的、经常发生的、一般性的动作。 现在分词说明主语的特征，过去分词说明主语的状态。动名词可以作表语，表示经常性的动作，根据句意，此处表示经常性的动作，用动名词作表语。故填collecting。 6．Her job is (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible. 【答案】keeping/to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的工作是尽量使演讲厅保持干净。设空处在句中作表语，可用动名词或动词不定式，解释说明主语的具体内容。故填keeping/to keep。 7．The correct way of learning is (combine) theory with practice. 【答案】combining 【详解】考查动名词。句意：正确的学习方法是理论与实践相结合。系动词后用动名词作表语，说明主语的状况。故填combining。 8．What pleases him most is (bathe) in the sea. 【答案】bathing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他最喜欢的是在海里洗澡。根据前文What pleases him most is可知，此处应用动名词作表语；what引导的主语从句作主语，动名词作表语表示和主语对等关系。故填bathing。 9．What I hate most is (laugh at) by others. 【答案】being laughed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我最讨厌的是被别人嘲笑。此处为动名词作表语，表示惯常动作，laught at与逻辑主语I构成被动，故用动名词的被动式being done。故填being laughed。 10．By comparison，his worst habit is (smoke) while having dinner. 【答案】smoking 【详解】考查动名词。句意：相比之下，他最坏的习惯是吃饭时抽烟。分析句子可知，此空应填动名词作表语。故填smoking。 11．My hobby is (sit) on the beach, staring at the blue sky. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】sitting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我的爱好是坐在沙滩上，看着蓝天。此处应使用动名词作表语，故填sitting。 12．Your task is (clean) the old car over there on your own. 【答案】cleaning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你的任务是自己清理那边的旧车。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作表语，根据下文“the old car over there on your own(自己……那边的旧车)”可知下文是主语task的内容，应使用动名词，故填cleaning。 13．As I know, the child’s passion is (sing). 【答案】singing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据我所知，这个孩子酷爱唱歌。此处应用动名词singing作表语，说明主语的状况，故填singing。 14．The most popular pastime for a number of old people is (play) chess. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对许多老年人来说，最受欢迎的消遣是下棋。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，应用动名词形式作句子表语，符合题意。故填playing。 15．What annoyed me most was (cheat) by her over and over again. 【答案】being cheated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最让我恼火的是她一次又一次地欺骗我。空处应填非谓语动词作表语，表示经常发生的动作，用动名词，逻辑主语“我”和cheat之间是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式being done。故填being cheated。 16．The only thing that interests him is (dance). 【答案】dancing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：他唯一感兴趣的就是跳舞。此处表示一般性的抽象的动作，应用动名词dancing作表语，故填dancing。 17．The crucial thing is (use) body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 【答案】using 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最关键的是，使用肢体语言的方式要与你所处的文化相适应。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处用动名词作表语，对主语的内容进行进一步的说明和解释，故填using。 18．Henry’s job is (teach) physics in a local middle school. 【答案】teaching/to teach 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：亨利的工作是在当地一所中学教物理。分析句子可知，空处和空后的physics in a local middle school搭配，作句子的表语，说明主语Henry’s job的具体内容，可用teach的动名词或不定式形式。故填teaching/to teach。 19．Her hobby is (collect) some nice cards from her friends. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】collecting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：她的爱好是从朋友那里收集一些漂亮的卡片。主语hobby是无生命的事物的名词，因此collect用动名词形式作表语，说明主语Her hobby的内容。故填collecting。 20．On March 12th, the traditional activity is (plant) trees. 【答案】planting　 【详解】考查动名词作表语。句意：3月12日，传统的活动是植树。设空处说明主语the traditional activity的内容，为抽象概念，应用动名词形式作表语。故填planting。 21．There’s no (deny) that China has made great progress in the past decades. 【答案】denying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：不可否认，中国在过去的几十年里取得了巨大的进步。There is no denying that...是固定句型，表示“不容否认的是……”，因此空格处是动名词denying。故填denying。 22．What made me angry is my not (allow) to see my parents. 【答案】being allowed 【详解】考查动名词。句意：让我生气的是我不被允许见我的父母。此空为非谓语动词作表语，结合句意，空前有my为非谓语动词的逻辑主语，not为其否定形式，所以该空所在的部分为动名词的复合结构作表语，allow与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系，此处应为动名词的被动形式being allowed。故填being allowed。 23．Her job is (keep) the whole building clean. 【答案】keeping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的工作是保持整栋楼的清洁。设空处在句中作表语，可用keep“保持”的动名词，解释说明主语的具体内容。故填keeping。 24．Old Tom’s present job is (sweep) streets. 【答案】sweeping 【详解】考查动名词。句意：老汤姆现在的工作是清扫街道。分析句子可知，空处应用动名词在句中作表语，表示主语的内容。故填sweeping。 25．The real problem is (understand) how the system works. 【答案】understanding/to understand 【详解】考查动名词/不定式。句意：真正的问题是明白该系统是如何运转的。空处应填非谓语动词作表语，表示一般性的、泛指的行为，用所给词的动名词形式，也可用不定式作表语，表示一次性的或者将来的动作，故填understanding/to understand。 26．I ask you not to get (involve) in this kind of matter. It’s none of your business. 【答案】involved 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我要求你不要卷入这种事情中，这不关你的事。involve与逻辑主语you之间为被动关系，所以此处为“get done”结构，所以此处使用过去分词形式作表语，get involved in意为“卷入，参与”符合句意。故填involved。 27．In all his life, Qian Xuesen was (commit) to doing his research. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：钱学森一生致力于研究工作。此处是固定搭配：be committed to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事”，填过去分词作表语，描述主语的状态‌。故填committed。 28．In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get (hug). 【答案】hugged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在现实世界里，他们觉得冷的时候会哭，然后被拥抱。此处需要非谓语动词作系动词get后的表语，主语they与hug是被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式。故填hugged。 29．The couple has a high success rate in getting (accept) as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations. 【答案】accepted 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房保姆的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的期望。主语The couple和非谓语动词accept是逻辑被动关系，accept用过去分词形式作表语，构成“get + 过去分词”结构。填accepted。 30． (attach) to the email is a copy of document bearing her signature. 【答案】Attached 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：邮件附件是一份有她签名的文件副本。此处为短语be attached to表示“附在……上，附属于”，本句为分词置于句首的倒装结构，首字母大写。故填Attached。 31．However (equip) you are with knowledge, you should continue studying further. 【答案】equipped 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不管你有多少知识，你都应该继续深造。短语be equipped with配备有、具有，此处However修饰过去分词转化而来的形容词equipped配备……的、具备……能力的。故填equipped。 32．She is (attract) to her new school. 【答案】attracted 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：她喜爱她的新学校。根据句意，本题考查固定短语be attracted to，意为“喜爱上，被吸引”，attracted为过去分词转化而来的形容词，作表语。故填attracted。 33．The students were (thrill) to learn that they would have the opportunity to meet a famous scientist in person. 【答案】thrilled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们得知将有机会亲自见到一位著名科学家，感到非常激动。句中谓语动词为系动词were，空处应用非谓语动词作表语，thrill为动词，其过去分词转化而来的形容词为thrilled，意为“感到激动的”，表达学生们的心理状态，说明学生们处于激动的情绪之中。故填thrilled。 34．The old castle, once magnificent, now appeared rather (neglect) with broken walls and overgrown weeds. 【答案】neglected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座古老的城堡，曾经宏伟壮观，现在因墙壁破损、杂草丛生而显得相当荒废。appear是系动词，castle与neglect构成被动关系，故用过去分词neglected作表语，体现城堡当前呈现出的被忽视、荒废的状态。故填neglected。 35．After hours of negotiation, the terms of the contract seemed finally (settle), and both parties were ready to sign. 【答案】settled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过数小时的谈判，合同条款似乎最终确定下来，双方都准备签字。seem为系动词，过去分词 settled作表语，说明 the terms of the contract（合同条款）的状态，即已确定的状态。故填settled。 36．In most cases, if you have good professional knowledge and good social skills, you will get (promote) much more easily. 【答案】promoted/promotion 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：在大多数情况下，如果你有良好的专业知识和良好的社交技巧，你会更容易升职。此处promote与you构成被动关系，用过去分词作表语；或用名词promotion，不可数。故填promoted/promotion。 37．Unluckily, all of the boys got (poison) and had stomachaches with their faces pale. 【答案】poisoned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不幸的是，所有的男孩都中毒了，胃痛，脸色苍白。get poisoned是固定短语，意为“中毒”，空格处用poisoned，表被动，故填poisoned。 38．The televisions are rented rather than (buy), so that they can be replaced with more up-to-date models at any time. 【答案】bought 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：电视是租来的，而不是买来的，这样它们就可以随时被更新型的电视所替换。rather than表示“而不是”，连接两个并列的成分，由于rented是过去分词形式，表示“租来的”，空处和rented并列，应填过去分词形式bought，表示“买来的”。故填bought。 39．The big fire lasted for four hours and all the buildings along the street got (destroy). 【答案】destroyed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大火持续了四个小时，沿街的所有建筑物都被烧毁了。此处destroy与buildings构成被动关系，故用过去分词作表语。故填destroyed。 40．I feel greatly (honour) to deliver a speech on a healthy diet. 【答案】honoured 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我非常荣幸能就健康饮食发表演讲。feel honoured to do sth.意为“对做某事感到荣幸”，honoured为过去分词，作表语。故填honoured。 41．The little boy was so (frighten) that he took his father by the hand all the time. 【答案】frightened 【详解】考查形容词。句意：小男孩非常害怕，以至于他一直紧紧抓着父亲的手。句中用形容词作表语。主语是人，所以用-ed形式形容词。故答案是frightened。 42．The coins mostly lay (bury) in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. 【答案】buried 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些硬币大多埋在离海岸不远的沙子和海草里。句中lie是系动词，需后接形容词作表语，bury和逻辑主语coins之间是被动关系，用-ed形式修饰。故填buried。 43．Hearing his words, I felt (cheat) and became full of anger. 【答案】cheated 【详解】考查形容词。句意：听了他的话，我觉得自己被骗了，心里充满了愤怒。空处需填非谓语动词作表语，I和cheat为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填cheated。 44．He was too distressed and (confuse) to answer their questions. 【答案】confused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他太痛苦和困惑了，以至于无法回答他们的问题。分析句子结构可知，空白处在句子中作表语，表示人的状态，需用confuse的过去分词confused形式作表语。故填confused。 45．He felt （encourage） by the good news that he had won first prize. 【答案】encouraged 【详解】考查词形转换。句意：他获得了一等奖的好消息使他受到鼓舞。主语为人，故用encouraged。encouraged“受到鼓舞的”常用来描述人；encouraging“令人鼓舞的”，常用来描述物。故填encouraged。 46．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain (seat) as the plane was making a landing. 【答案】seated 【详解】考查动词-ed形式作表语。句意：飞行员要求所有乘客在飞机着陆时坐在座位上。seat意为“使就座”，与passengers为被动关系，故应用动词-ed形式作remain的表语。所以答案为seated。 47．The wound from the dog bite has become (infect). 【答案】infected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：狗咬伤的伤口已经感染了。本句谓语为has become，此处为非谓语动词，The wound与infect“传染，使感染”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作表语。故填infected。 48．The car got (stick) in the mud due to the heavy rain. 【答案】stuck 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大雨，汽车陷在泥里了。the car和stick为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式stuck，作表语。故填stuck。 49．Some endangered wild animals got (trap) in the mine last Tuesday. 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周二，一些濒危野生动物被困在矿井里。动词trap表示“困住”，结合句意可知，主语Some endangered wild animals与trap之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作表语。故填trapped。 50． (locate) at the city centre of Nanjing was a statue of Sun Zhongshan. 【答案】Located 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：坐落在南京市中心的是一座孙中山雕像。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词。be located in/at…是固定短语，意为“坐落在……”。此处是完全倒装句，located at the city centre of Nanjing在句中作表语。故填Located。 二、完成句子 51．乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从自己的失败中吸取教训。 Jordan says that the secret to his success is . 【答案】 learning from his/the failures 【详解】考查动词短语。“从……中吸取教训”使用动词短语learn from，“失败”使用名词复数failures，此处使用现在分词作表语，强调状态的主动性和持续性，故填①learning②from③his/the④failures。 52．While Newton was certainly inspired by , there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 尽管牛顿确实受到一个落下来的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明这个苹果砸到了他的头上。 【答案】a falling apple 【详解】考查名词和非谓语动词。“苹果”英语表达为“apple”，“掉落”英语表达为fall，作定语，修饰名词apple，用现在分词表示正在进行的动作，即a falling apple。故答案为a falling apple。 53．I don’t think her joke is 我认为她的笑话无趣。 【答案】interesting. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。现在分词作定语或表语时，一般修饰物；过去分词则一般修饰人。根据主语“her joke”及中文提示可知，用interesting。故填interesting。 54．What he says sounds 他说的话听起来更有说服力。 【答案】more convincing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。现在分词作定语或表语时，一般修饰物；过去分词则一般修饰人。根据主语“What he says”及中文提示“有说服力”可知用convincing。故填more convincing。 55．The story is ．这个故事很感人。 【答案】very moving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。现在分词作定语或表语时，一般修饰物；过去分词则一般修饰人。根据主语“The story”和中文提示可知moving，前用副词very。故填very moving。 56．get＋过去分词 如果你碰巧在野外迷路了，最好待在原地等待救援。 If you happen to ，you’d better stay where you are and wait for help. 【答案】get lost in the wild 【详解】考查固定短语。用get＋过去分词表示“迷路”为固定短语get lost，结合happen to do，因此get用原形，表示“在野外”为介词短语in the wild，作状语。故填get lost in the wild。 57．简感到被冷落, 孤独使她感到绝望。 , Jane got desperate with loneliness. (非谓语动词作状语) 【答案】Feeling left out 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。“感到”是feel，和逻辑主语Jean是主动关系，用现在分词形式feeling，作原因状语，位于句首首字母大写。“冷落”是leave out，和逻辑主语Jean是被动关系，用过去分词作表语，故答案为：Feeling left out。 58．You don’t have to get for this party to celebrate the carnival. 你不必为了庆祝狂欢节而盛装出席这个派对。 【答案】dressed up 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“打扮，盛装”，应用动词短语dress up，get done为固定短语，使用过去分词作表语。故填dressed up。 59．经过努力，经理看到了许多新产品，感到很满意。(分词做表语) The manager saw many new products and after work hard. 【答案】felt very satisfied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译，需翻译部分是“感到很满意”，分析句子结构可知，此处是和前文的saw作并列谓语，所以感到用系动词feel，用一般过去时，意为“felt”，“满意”作表语，根据题干要求，用分词形式，此处修饰主语manager，用过去分词形式。意为“satisfied”。故填felt very satisfied。 60．我们沉迷于壮丽的风景和当地人们的热情好客(hospitality)之中。(be absorbed in) the splendid scenery and the local people’s hospitality. 【答案】We were absorbed in 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“沉迷于”应用短语be absorbed in；句子主语是“我们”，应用人称代词的主格we。根据句意，此处应用一般过去时态。故填We were absorbed in。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$