精品解析：北京市第八中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题

2025北京八中高二(下)期中 英语 (本卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟) 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，20分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ___1___ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man approached me on the train. My ___2___ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had attended a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ___3___ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ___4___. however, was the fact. that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ___5___ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American writers as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ___6___ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to ___7___ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ___8___, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he showed me just how much one can gain from ___9___ with an open mind, and a willingness to _____10_____ with locals from all walks of life. 1. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 2. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 3 A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 4. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 5. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download 6. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 7 A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 8. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 9. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 10. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) A 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Seven years ago, Steve lost his beloved dog Wolfgang. In memory of it, he began to adopt dogs who had been in their last few years. He ____11____(choose) to rescue these senior dogs because they otherwise wouldn't have had a home. When____12____(ask) how he could bear to adopt senior dog, Steve answered, “These abandoned animals need love, and they also have a lot of love to give, _____13_____is just one of the things these dogs wish you knew.” B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A couple was walking on a path in the mountain when it cracked below their feet, ____14____ (leave) them stuck at the top of what remained. The man sat at the top of the steep slope (陡坡) and his wife ____15____ (lie) on the rocky ground below, holding onto his leg to keep herself ____16____ falling down. By the time rescuers arrived on the scene, she ____17____ (hold) onto her husband for 45 minutes. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For many years, researchers ____18____ (try) to find out the magic of reading. According to an article in Scientific American, researchers have found evidence that literary fiction improves a reader’s ability to understand ____19____ others are thinking about. And the article further argues that literary fiction can teach us values about social behavior, such as the importance of understanding those who are different from ourselves. The results of this study suggest people who love reading can ____20____ (well) put themselves in someone else’s shoes. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Below are three sports documentaries that make perfect viewing for fans of sporting drama. No 1. Formula 1: Drive to survive The world’s hottest sport was barely on the radar of most Americans — and then Drive to Survive arrived. Since its first release, the series has been credited for the surprising rise in popularity of the European racing association, Formula 1. Over six seasons, it has taken fans inside every team and shown the lives and preparation of the owners, managers, and drivers, including superstars Lewis Hamilton, whose headline-making race for the 2021 title was at the center of Season 4. The series’ success has also inspired similar shows for other sports looking to grab a bigger share of the global market. No 2. Race to the Summit This climbing documentary records the race between two great climbers to secure the fastest time to conquer the Alps’ great north faces. As with all climbing documentaries, non-climbers will struggle to understand what drives a person to risk his life like this, but the film’s stunning scenery and the athletes’ dedication to their sport needs no explanation. Viewers with fears of heights may want to steer clear, however: these shots are guaranteed to raise your heart rate and take your breath away. No 3. Slaying The Badger The 1986 Tour de France had a battle at its heart, one between the two fastest riders in the game. As defending champion, Bernard ‘The Badger’ was the home hero, a serious Frenchman who was no stranger to challenges. The competitor was his opposite in personality: the sunny American rider LeMond, whose openness couldn’t conceal a strong determination to become the first non-European to win the race. The only trouble was that the pair were members of the same team. This documentary is a fascinating study of the two impulses of professional road cycling — individual glory versus team duty. And LeMond, who had played the role of dutiful assistant the previous year, believed it was his turn to try the winner’s yellow jersey for size. 21. What can we learn about the documentary Formula 1: Drive to survive? A. It improves Formula 1’s global viewership, particularly in Europe. B. It offers fans chances to go behind the scenes of Formula 1 racing. C. It leads to the rise of Lewis Hamilton as a world-famous sports star. D. It helps other similar sports enjoy a larger slice of the global market. 22. Which of the following information about Race to the Summit might be CORRECT? A. The film is intended for non-climbers who want to learn about climbing. B. The race between the climbers overshadows the scenic beauty of the Alps. C. The film features splendid mountain views and thrilling scenes of climbing. D. The film details the reasons behind climbers’ pursuit of extreme climbing. 23. What major theme does Slaying The Badger explore? A. The success story of a young cyclist defeating the defending champion. B. The dominance of Europeans in road cycling and the challenges they face. C. The challenge of balancing personal attainments with collective responsibilities. D. The fierce battle between top riders of different personalities from different teams. B Not long ago I joined in a forum on the role of the American press. The purpose of the forum, as I understood it, was to examine the responsibilities of the media and to suggest the best ways to meet those responsibilities. During the open-discussion period, a gentleman addressed a question to a distinguished anchorman. Why, he asked, are the newspapers and television news programs so disaster-prone? The anchorman reacted as if he had been blamed for the existence of bad news. Newsmen, he said, are only responsible for reporting the news, not for creating or modifying it. It didn’t seem to me that he had answered the question. The gentleman was just wondering why distortions are most reported. The news media seem to operate on the philosophy that all news is bad news. Why? Could it be that the emphasis on downside news is largely the result of tradition — the way newsmen and newswomen are accustomed to responding to daily events? Perhaps it would be useful here to examine the way we define the word news for this is where the problem begins. News is supposed to deal with happenings of the past 12 hours — 24 hours at most. Anything that happens so suddenly, however, is likely to be eruptive: a sniper kills a presidential candidate; a plane crashed into a mountain… Focusing only on these details, however, produces a misshapen picture. Civilization is a lot more than the sum total of its disasters. The most important ingredient in any civilization is progress. But progress is not eruptive. Generally, it comes in bits and pieces, very little of it clearly visible at any given moment, but all of it involved in the making of historical change for the better. It is this aspect of living history that most news reporting reflects inadequately. The result is that we are under-informed about positive developments and over-informed about disasters. This, in turn, leads to a public mood of defeatism, which in themselves tend to prevent progress. A persistent diet of eruptive news drains the essential human energies a free society needs. I am not suggesting “positive” news be designed as a countermeasure to the disasters on page one. What I am trying to get across is the notion that the responsibility of the news media is to search out and report on important events whether or not they come under the heading of conflicts or disasters. The world is a splendid combination of heaven and hell, and both call for attention and examination. The anchorman was right in saying newsmen were not responsible for shaping the world, but they are responsible for affecting our attitude. News people provide us with the only picture of ourselves and the world. It had better be a true portrait-and not a caricature (漫画)— for it’s this picture on which we will base our decisions and around which we will plan our future. 24. The author learned from the forum that ______. A. the public tended to blame newsmen for reporting only bad news B. there were concerns about the media’s too much focus on bad news C. the American press failed to deliver on its promise to reform the media D. the public expected factual and unmodified news reports from newsmen 25. What does the author suggest is the primary reason for the dominance of negative news coverage? A. The news media works on the principle that all news is bad news. B. News reporters are professionally trained to report daily disasters. C. News traditionally refers to events that occur suddenly within a day. D. Reporting only tragic events may blind the public to social progress. 26. Which of the following statements might the author agree with? A. News reporters should give their attention to a wider range of important issues. B. The conflicts and disasters cause public despair and rob society of human energy. C. Newsmen are duty-bound to create more positive news to fight against disasters. D. Newsmen can strive to find a balanced portrayal of events to shape the world. 27. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Why is all news bad news? B. Where is the news leading us? C. Why is it time to create more positive news? D. How can the news media thrive against all odds? C In the cutthroat world of artificial intelligence, long dominated by Silicon Valley, DeepSeek has emerged as an impressive new player. Since its debut in late 2023, this Chinese AI has stirred global attention, representing more than just another technological innovation. It’s a complex phenomenon that reflects the shifting landscape of innovation, power and cultural influence in the AI-driven era. Developed by QuantumThink Labs in Shenzhen, DeepSeek was created by a team of ex-Google Brain engineers and Peking University experts. DeepSeek is not your average chatbot. Trained on an astonishing 20 trillion tokens, this multimodal model showcases linguistic proficiency, code generation capabilities and reasoning skills that rival or surpass its Western counterparts. What truly sets DeepSeek apart is its remarkable efficiency, delivering GPT-4-level performance with 30 percent less computational power. In a strategic move, QuantumThink made a “lite” version of DeepSeek open source, a decision that has sparked widespread adoption across the globe. Developers from cities like Lagos to Jakarta have quickly embraced it to create poetry generators and AI-powered farm management tools for rural India. However, DeepSeek’s growing influence is not without challenges. There are concerns that US government may block American firms from using DeepSeek, mentioning data security concerns. Tariff (关税) war could also be on the cards. Yet, such moves might backfire, potentially harming US startups that benefit from DeepSeek’s cost advantages. The future of AI, with DeepSeek at the center, remains a mystery. Will it trigger a tech battle between the US and China, or will its open-source roots foster global collaboration? DeepSeek’s story is not just about technology; it’s about the power of innovation and agency. For too long, the AI narrative has been dominated by Western powers. Now, a Chinese lab has shown that innovation is not exclusive to the West. Whether we enter an AI arms race or begin a new era of global cooperation depends on how we choose to use and share this technology. As a Brazilian coder said, the future of AI must speak the language of both the developed and developing world to truly succeed. 28. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A The creation of DeepSeek. B. The definition of DeepSeek. C. The strengths of DeepSeek. D. The efficiency of DeepSeek. 29. What might be a challenge DeepSeek faces? A. Involvement in tariff war. B. The possibility of data leaking. C. A decline in its competitiveness. D. A ban on its use from US government. 30. Which of the following best describes the future of AI? A. Uncertain. B. Secure. C. Promising. D. Depressing. 31. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. AI should prioritize Western languages. B. We will enter a new era of global AI cooperation. C. Considering global needs is required to ensure AI’s success. D Developing countries will eventually dominate AI innovation. D The recent trust crisis has led many scientists to take up arms to defend their enterprise, but in their attempt to fight back against various forms of science denial, some scientists say things that just aren’t true - and you can’t build trust if the things you are saying are not trustworthy. One popular move is to insist that science is right - full stop - and that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Anyone who denies such truths is ignorant. Or, as Nobel Prize-winning physicist Steven Weinberg said, “Even though a scientific theory is in a sense a social consensus (共识), it is unlike any other sort of consensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” Well, no. Science is a process of learning and discovery, and sometimes we learn that what we thought was right is wrong. Even a modest familiarity with the history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that they needed to be reconsidered. Another popular move is to say scientific findings are true because scientists use “the scientific method”. But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is empiricism: observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the experimental method: the use of experiment to test hypotheses (假设). Recently some prominent scientists claimed the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is true that is not, and vice versa. Each of these commonly-held views has its merits, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method, then they all fail. History and philosophy have shown that the idea of a singular scientific method is, well, unscientific. In fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time. Many scientific practices, particularly statistical tests of significance, have been developed with the idea of avoiding wishful thinking and self-deception, but that hardly constitutes “the scientific method”. Scientists have bitterly argued about which methods are the best, and, as we all know, bitter arguments rarely get resolved. In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is to claim that this is all somehow simple and therefore to imply that anyone who doesn’t get it is dumb. Science is not simple, and neither is the natural world; therein lies the challenge of science communication. What we do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. Our efforts to understand and portray the natural world are just that: efforts. Because we’re human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up, brush ourselves off, and get back to work. Understanding the beautiful, complex world we live in, and using that knowledge to do useful things, is both its own reward and why taxpayers should be happy to fund research. Scientific theories are not perfect copies of reality, but we have good reason to believe that they capture significant elements of it. And experience reminds us that when we ignore reality, it sooner or later comes back to bite us. 32. The quote from Steven Weinberg is intended to ______. A. illustrate that scientific theories are free from cultural influences B. stress what was believed to be true may turn out to be false theories C. show even great scientists may be unfamiliar with the history of science D. serve as an example of the belief that science produces permanent truths 33. What can be learned from all the popular opinions on “the scientific method” mentioned in the passage? A. One way to make scientific discovery is doing experiments to observe and describe the world. B. Some hold the scientific method focuses on proving hypotheses correct through experiments. C. Some suggest employing the scientific method to avoid self-deception in scientific inquiry. D. The scientific method has evolved over time and varied across scientific disciplines. 34. The underlined phrase “fall flat” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______. A. fail to achieve a goal B. lie on one’s back C. fall behind the times D. rise to challenges 35. Which of the following statements does the author probably agree with? A. It’s pointless to agree on a single scientific method as science is right in itself. B. Science can’t supply absolute truths about the real world, but it brings us closer. C. Reflection on the history of science may help scientists restore public trust in science. D. Making scientific theories easily understandable is the biggest challenge for scientists. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What is heritage? The word can be difficult to define. Heritage is always something that is passed down by families or other groups for many years.____36____ It can also be the customs, traditions, and values shared by groups of people. One way to think about heritage is to break it down into three groups. These are the tangible(有形的), the natural, and the intangible. ____37____ It can include many human-made objects that hold cultural value. Some examples are national monuments and works of art. Many ancient sites are also part of this group. On a smaller scale, a family home can be part of an individual’s heritage. Many parts of the natural world are also important to cultural heritage. This can include bodies of water, plant life, landforms and more. One example is the Nile River.____38____ Efforts to protect natural heritage are key in many cultures. The intangible group includes any part of cultural heritage that you can’t feel through touch. Maybe you’ve read about forms of dance, like Flamenco dancing. You might know about the music of Mariachi Bands or holidays like Eid. These are all examples of intangible heritage. ____39____ Exploring your own heritage can be fun. It can help you learn about yourself, your family, and your ancestors. But it’s also important to learn about the heritage of others. ____40____ It can also lead you to find things you may have in common with others! A. They are treasures that can be touched. B. What tangible items can be part of heritage? C. However heritage isn’t limited to concrete objects. D. Languages, holidays and customs also make the list. E. Therefore, it’s difficult to protect them from fading away. F. Doing so can help you build a stronger understanding of other cultures. G. It has been part of cultural heritage in many African nations for centuries. 第三部分：单词填空(本大题共20小题，共20.0分) 第一节：根据语境选出适当的单词，用正确的形式填空。 选词填空 interact; bearable; expose; participate; benefit; expand; visual; tendency; acknowledge; originate; 41. He tends to explore more with the __________ of interest in science. 42. Those who are lacking confidence have a _____________ to give up in the face of frustrations. 43. With these severe restrictions to her communication, Helen’s behavior was often ______________. 44. This young man devoted himself to helping those ________ to the disaster. 45. People like Bacon and Galilei knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vital to a man and more ____________ to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world. 46. This professor has made such great breakthroughs that he ___________ as a pioneer in the field. 47. Readers of the book use their imaginations to ___________ characters and have very definite ideas about how characters should look and sound. This is where I think many film adaptations fall down. 48. The priority of the current project is to make an effective ___________ of different ideas. 49. He admits that his latest music style ___________ from the combination of folk and classical music. 50. Forty of the course ___________ are offered employment with the company. 第二节：根据语境、首字母和汉语提示，写出适当的单词或短语。 51. I am fully convinced that the l___________ (闲暇) lifestyle is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 52. To enhance our awareness of saving food, our school is to l_________ (发起) a campaign against food waste. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. Fans lined the road to the ________ _________ (终点线), cheering on the competitors. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 54. We try so hard to _________ _____ ______ (不辜负) other people’s expectations of us that sometimes we let our passions take the back seat. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 55. You have to develop your capabilities to the m___________ (最大限度). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 56. Pollution has a negative effect on the health of everyone living in the city, _________ _______ (更不用说) the damage to the environment. 57. It is crucial for teenagers to develop into m___________ (成熟的) and responsible members of society. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 58. Only a small m____________ (少数) of students is interested in politics these days. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 59. In 1969, Tu Youyou was given the m________ (任务) to set up a team to find a cure for malaria. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 60. It never occurred to me that the experience of a volunteer would have such a f________ (深远的) effect on my later life. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第四部分：书面表达(本大题共1小题，共20.0分) 61. 假定你是李华，你校准备举办以“Chinese Youth of the New Era”为主题的英文演讲活动。请写一篇英文演讲稿，简要谈谈新时代青年应具备的品格(至少两条)。 1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头语已为你写好，不计入总字数。 Dear fellow students, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025北京八中高二(下)期中 英语 (本卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟) 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，20分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ___1___ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man approached me on the train. My ___2___ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had attended a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ___3___ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ___4___. however, was the fact. that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ___5___ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American writers as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ___6___ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to ___7___ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ___8___, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he showed me just how much one can gain from ___9___ with an open mind, and a willingness to _____10_____ with locals from all walks of life. 1. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 2. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 3. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 4. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 5 A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download 6. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 7. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 8. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 9. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 10. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man approached me on the train.”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，这是作者凭想象进行的判断。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side支持；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) A 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Seven years ago, Steve lost his beloved dog Wolfgang. In memory of it, he began to adopt dogs who had been in their last few years. He ____11____(choose) to rescue these senior dogs because they otherwise wouldn't have had a home. When____12____(ask) how he could bear to adopt senior dog, Steve answered, “These abandoned animals need love, and they also have a lot of love to give, _____13_____is just one of the things these dogs wish you knew.” 【答案】11. chose 12. asked 13. which 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。七年前，Steve去了他心爱的狗狗Wolfgang。为了纪念它，他开始收养那些已经奄奄一息的老年狗的故事。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他选择拯救这些老年狗，因为不这样做的话它们就没有家了。根据上文“Seven years ago”可知事情发生在七年前，应用一般过去时。故填chose。 【12题详解】 考查省略句。句意：当被问及他如何能忍受收养老年狗时，Steve回答说，“这些被遗弃的动物需要爱，它们也有很多爱可以给予，这正是这些狗希望你知道的事情之一。” 在when引导的时间状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，从句完整形式为“When he was asked how he could bear to adopt senior dog”，相当于省略了he was。故填asked。 【13题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当被问及他如何能忍受收养老年狗时，Steve回答说，“这些被遗弃的狗狗需要爱，它们也有很多爱可以给予，这正是这些狗希望你知道的事情之一。”此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A couple was walking on a path in the mountain when it cracked below their feet, ____14____ (leave) them stuck at the top of what remained. The man sat at the top of the steep slope (陡坡) and his wife ____15____ (lie) on the rocky ground below, holding onto his leg to keep herself ____16____ falling down. By the time rescuers arrived on the scene, she ____17____ (hold) onto her husband for 45 minutes. 【答案】14. leaving 15. lay 16. from 17. had been holding##had held 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妇在山上行走时遭遇地面裂开，两人被困在陡坡上的惊险经历。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一对夫妇在山路上行走时，脚下的路突然裂开，将他们困在了剩下的山顶上。空处为非谓语动词作结果状语，前面描述的事件和leave之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词leaving作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果，故填leaving。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：男子坐在陡坡的顶端，他的妻子躺在下面的岩石地上，抓住他的腿以防自己掉下去。空处作句子的谓语，由sat可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，因此空处也应用动词lie的过去式lay，故填lay。 【16题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：男子坐在陡坡的顶端，他的妻子躺在下面的岩石地上，抓住他的腿以防自己掉下去。keep sb. from doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“防止某人做某事”，所以空处应用介词from，故填from。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当救援人员到达现场时，她已经抓着丈夫45分钟了。空处作句子的谓语动词，根据“By the time rescuers arrived on the scene”可知，此处表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到过去另一时刻，强调动作的持续性，用过去完成进行时had been holding；也可以表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，用过去完成时had held，故填had been holding/had held。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For many years, researchers ____18____ (try) to find out the magic of reading. According to an article in Scientific American, researchers have found evidence that literary fiction improves a reader’s ability to understand ____19____ others are thinking about. And the article further argues that literary fiction can teach us values about social behavior, such as the importance of understanding those who are different from ourselves. The results of this study suggest people who love reading can ____20____ (well) put themselves in someone else’s shoes. 【答案】18. have tried##have been trying 19. what 20. better 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究人员多年来一直在探索阅读的魔力，并发现文学小说能提高读者理解他人想法的能力，还能教会人们社会行为的价值观。 【18题详解】 考查时态。句意：多年来，研究人员一直在试图找出阅读的魔力。根据时间状语“For many years”可知，此处可表示从过去到现在已经完成的动作，可用现在完成时，也可以表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作，有可能继续下去，用现在完成进行时，主语是复数，助动词应用have，故填have tried/have been trying。 【19题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：根据《科学美国人》杂志上的一篇文章，研究人员已经发现证据表明，文学小说可以提高读者理解他人想法的能力。此处引导宾语从句，且引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。 【20题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：这项研究的结果表明，热爱阅读的人能更好地设身处地为他人着想。根据句意及括号内提示词well可知，此处是将热爱阅读的人与其他人进行比较，强调热爱阅读的人在设身处地为他人着想方面做得更好，所以用well的比较级better，表示“更好地”，故填better。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Below are three sports documentaries that make perfect viewing for fans of sporting drama. No 1. Formula 1: Drive to survive The world’s hottest sport was barely on the radar of most Americans — and then Drive to Survive arrived. Since its first release, the series has been credited for the surprising rise in popularity of the European racing association, Formula 1. Over six seasons, it has taken fans inside every team and shown the lives and preparation of the owners, managers, and drivers, including superstars Lewis Hamilton, whose headline-making race for the 2021 title was at the center of Season 4. The series’ success has also inspired similar shows for other sports looking to grab a bigger share of the global market. No 2. Race to the Summit This climbing documentary records the race between two great climbers to secure the fastest time to conquer the Alps’ great north faces. As with all climbing documentaries, non-climbers will struggle to understand what drives a person to risk his life like this, but the film’s stunning scenery and the athletes’ dedication to their sport needs no explanation. Viewers with fears of heights may want to steer clear, however: these shots are guaranteed to raise your heart rate and take your breath away. No 3. Slaying The Badger The 1986 Tour de France had a battle at its heart, one between the two fastest riders in the game. As defending champion, Bernard ‘The Badger’ was the home hero, a serious Frenchman who was no stranger to challenges. The competitor was his opposite in personality: the sunny American rider LeMond, whose openness couldn’t conceal a strong determination to become the first non-European to win the race. The only trouble was that the pair were members of the same team. This documentary is a fascinating study of the two impulses of professional road cycling — individual glory versus team duty. And LeMond, who had played the role of dutiful assistant the previous year, believed it was his turn to try the winner’s yellow jersey for size. 21. What can we learn about the documentary Formula 1: Drive to survive? A. It improves Formula 1’s global viewership, particularly in Europe. B. It offers fans chances to go behind the scenes of Formula 1 racing. C. It leads to the rise of Lewis Hamilton as a world-famous sports star. D. It helps other similar sports enjoy a larger slice of the global market. 22. Which of the following information about Race to the Summit might be CORRECT? A. The film is intended for non-climbers who want to learn about climbing. B. The race between the climbers overshadows the scenic beauty of the Alps. C. The film features splendid mountain views and thrilling scenes of climbing. D. The film details the reasons behind climbers’ pursuit of extreme climbing. 23. What major theme does Slaying The Badger explore? A. The success story of a young cyclist defeating the defending champion. B. The dominance of Europeans in road cycling and the challenges they face. C. The challenge of balancing personal attainments with collective responsibilities. D. The fierce battle between top riders of different personalities from different teams. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三部体育纪录片，分别是关于一级方程式赛车、攀登阿尔卑斯山北壁和1986年环法自行车赛的纪录片。每部影片展示了体育领域内不同的竞争与挑战，适合体育爱好者观看。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据 No 1. Formula 1: Drive to survive标题下第二段“Over six seasons, it has taken fans inside every team and shown the lives and preparation of the owners, managers, and drivers, including superstars Lewis Hamilton, whose headline-making race for the 2021 title was at the center of Season 4.(在六个赛季中，它带领粉丝深入每个车队，展示了车队老板、经理和车手的生活和准备工作，其中包括超级明星刘易斯·汉密尔顿，他在2021年争夺冠军的比赛是第四季的核心)”可知，这部纪录片让粉丝了解了Formula 1赛车的幕后情况。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据No 2. Race to the Summit标题下“but the film’s stunning scenery and the athletes’ dedication to their sport needs no explanation.(但影片中惊人的风景和运动员对运动的投入无需解释)”可知，这部影片展示了壮丽的山景和激动人心的攀登场景。故选C。 【23题详解】 主旨大意题。根据No 3. Slaying The Badger标题下“This documentary is a fascinating study of the two impulses of professional road cycling — individual glory versus team duty.(该纪录片深入研究了职业公路自行车赛中的两大动力——个人荣耀与团队责任)”可知，这部纪录片探讨了个人成就与团队责任的平衡。故选C。 B Not long ago I joined in a forum on the role of the American press. The purpose of the forum, as I understood it, was to examine the responsibilities of the media and to suggest the best ways to meet those responsibilities. During the open-discussion period, a gentleman addressed a question to a distinguished anchorman. Why, he asked, are the newspapers and television news programs so disaster-prone? The anchorman reacted as if he had been blamed for the existence of bad news. Newsmen, he said, are only responsible for reporting the news, not for creating or modifying it. It didn’t seem to me that he had answered the question. The gentleman was just wondering why distortions are most reported. The news media seem to operate on the philosophy that all news is bad news. Why? Could it be that the emphasis on downside news is largely the result of tradition — the way newsmen and newswomen are accustomed to responding to daily events? Perhaps it would be useful here to examine the way we define the word news for this is where the problem begins. News is supposed to deal with happenings of the past 12 hours — 24 hours at most. Anything that happens so suddenly, however, is likely to be eruptive: a sniper kills a presidential candidate; a plane crashed into a mountain… Focusing only on these details, however, produces a misshapen picture. Civilization is a lot more than the sum total of its disasters. The most important ingredient in any civilization is progress. But progress is not eruptive. Generally, it comes in bits and pieces, very little of it clearly visible at any given moment, but all of it involved in the making of historical change for the better. It is this aspect of living history that most news reporting reflects inadequately. The result is that we are under-informed about positive developments and over-informed about disasters. This, in turn, leads to a public mood of defeatism, which in themselves tend to prevent progress. A persistent diet of eruptive news drains the essential human energies a free society needs. I am not suggesting “positive” news be designed as a countermeasure to the disasters on page one. What I am trying to get across is the notion that the responsibility of the news media is to search out and report on important events whether or not they come under the heading of conflicts or disasters. The world is a splendid combination of heaven and hell, and both call for attention and examination. The anchorman was right in saying newsmen were not responsible for shaping the world, but they are responsible for affecting our attitude. News people provide us with the only picture of ourselves and the world. It had better be a true portrait-and not a caricature (漫画)— for it’s this picture on which we will base our decisions and around which we will plan our future. 24. The author learned from the forum that ______. A. the public tended to blame newsmen for reporting only bad news B. there were concerns about the media’s too much focus on bad news C. the American press failed to deliver on its promise to reform the media D. the public expected factual and unmodified news reports from newsmen 25. What does the author suggest is the primary reason for the dominance of negative news coverage? A. The news media works on the principle that all news is bad news. B. News reporters are professionally trained to report daily disasters. C News traditionally refers to events that occur suddenly within a day. D. Reporting only tragic events may blind the public to social progress. 26. Which of the following statements might the author agree with? A. News reporters should give their attention to a wider range of important issues. B. The conflicts and disasters cause public despair and rob society of human energy. C. Newsmen are duty-bound to create more positive news to fight against disasters. D. Newsmen can strive to find a balanced portrayal of events to shape the world. 27 Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Why is all news bad news? B. Where is the news leading us? C. Why is it time to create more positive news? D. How can the news media thrive against all odds? 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讨论了美国新闻媒体的报道倾向，特别是其对负面新闻的过度关注及其对公众态度和社会氛围的影响。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Why, he asked, are the newspapers and television news programs so disaster-prone? The anchorman reacted as if he had been blamed for the existence of bad news. Newsmen, he said, are only responsible for reporting the news, not for creating or modifying it.(他问道，为什么报纸和电视新闻节目如此容易报道灾难？主持人反应就好像他因为坏消息的存在而受到责备。他说，新闻记者只负责报道新闻，而不负责创造或修改新闻)”可知，有人担心媒体过分关注坏消息。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Perhaps it would be useful here to examine the way we define the word news for this is where the problem begins. News is supposed to deal with happenings of the past 12 hours — 24 hours at most. Anything that happens so suddenly, however, is likely to be eruptive: a sniper kills a presidential candidate; a plane crashed into a mountain…(也许在这里检查一下我们定义“新闻”这个词的方式会很有用，因为这就是问题的开始。新闻应该处理过去12小时——最多24小时内发生的事情。然而，任何突然发生的事情都可能引发爆发：一名狙击手杀死了一名总统候选人；一架飞机坠毁在山上。)”可知，作者认为负面新闻报道占主导地位的主要原因是传统上，新闻指的是一天内突然发生的事件。故选C。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What I am trying to get across is the notion that the responsibility of the news media is to search out and report on important events whether or not they come under the heading of conflicts or disasters. The world is a splendid combination of heaven and hell, and both call for attention and examination.(我想要表达的是这样一种观念，即新闻媒体的责任是找出并报道重要事件，无论这些事件是否属于冲突或灾难的范畴。这个世界是天堂和地狱的完美结合，两者都需要关注和审视)”可知，作者认为新闻记者应该把注意力放在更广泛的重要问题上。故选A。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Not long ago I joined in a forum on the role of the American press. The purpose of the forum, as I understood it, was to examine the responsibilities of the media and to suggest the best ways to meet those responsibilities.(不久前，我参加了一个关于美国媒体角色的论坛。据我所知，论坛的目的是审查传播媒介的责任，并提出履行这些责任的最佳方法)”以及这篇文章主要讨论了美国新闻媒体的报道倾向，特别是其对负面新闻的过度关注及其对公众态度和社会氛围的影响。故B选项“这条新闻把我们引向何方？”最符合文章标题。故选B。 C In the cutthroat world of artificial intelligence, long dominated by Silicon Valley, DeepSeek has emerged as an impressive new player. Since its debut in late 2023, this Chinese AI has stirred global attention, representing more than just another technological innovation. It’s a complex phenomenon that reflects the shifting landscape of innovation, power and cultural influence in the AI-driven era. Developed by QuantumThink Labs in Shenzhen, DeepSeek was created by a team of ex-Google Brain engineers and Peking University experts. DeepSeek is not your average chatbot. Trained on an astonishing 20 trillion tokens, this multimodal model showcases linguistic proficiency, code generation capabilities and reasoning skills that rival or surpass its Western counterparts. What truly sets DeepSeek apart is its remarkable efficiency, delivering GPT-4-level performance with 30 percent less computational power. In a strategic move, QuantumThink made a “lite” version of DeepSeek open source, a decision that has sparked widespread adoption across the globe. Developers from cities like Lagos to Jakarta have quickly embraced it to create poetry generators and AI-powered farm management tools for rural India. However, DeepSeek’s growing influence is not without challenges. There are concerns that US government may block American firms from using DeepSeek, mentioning data security concerns. Tariff (关税) war could also be on the cards. Yet, such moves might backfire, potentially harming US startups that benefit from DeepSeek’s cost advantages. The future of AI, with DeepSeek at the center, remains a mystery. Will it trigger a tech battle between the US and China, or will its open-source roots foster global collaboration? DeepSeek’s story is not just about technology; it’s about the power of innovation and agency. For too long, the AI narrative has been dominated by Western powers. Now, a Chinese lab has shown that innovation is not exclusive to the West. Whether we enter an AI arms race or begin a new era of global cooperation depends on how we choose to use and share this technology. As a Brazilian coder said, the future of AI must speak the language of both the developed and developing world to truly succeed. 28. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. The creation of DeepSeek. B. The definition of DeepSeek. C. The strengths of DeepSeek. D. The efficiency of DeepSeek. 29. What might be a challenge DeepSeek faces? A. Involvement in tariff war. B. The possibility of data leaking. C. A decline in its competitiveness. D. A ban on its use from US government. 30. Which of the following best describes the future of AI? A. Uncertain. B. Secure. C. Promising. D. Depressing. 31. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. AI should prioritize Western languages. B. We will enter a new era of global AI cooperation. C. Considering global needs is required to ensure AI’s success. D. Developing countries will eventually dominate AI innovation. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国AI公司DeepSeek的崛起、技术优势、面临的挑战及其对全球人工智能领域的影响，并探讨了AI未来发展的不确定性。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Trained on an astonishing 20 trillion tokens, this multimodal model showcases linguistic proficiency, code generation capabilities and reasoning skills that rival or surpass its Western counterparts. What truly sets DeepSeek apart is its remarkable efficiency, delivering GPT-4-level performance with 30 percent less computational power.(这款多模态模型在惊人的20万亿个标记上进行了训练，展现出了媲美甚至超越西方同类产品的语言熟练度、代码生成能力和推理技能。DeepSeek的真正独特之处在于其卓越的效率，仅用30%的计算能力就能达到GPT-4级别的性能)”可知，本段主要介绍了DeepSeek的技术优势，包括语言能力、代码生成能力和推理技能，以及其高效的性能。故选C项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“There are concerns that US government may block American firms from using DeepSeek, mentioning data security concerns.(有人担心美国政府可能会以数据安全为由，阻止美国企业使用DeepSeek)”可知，DeepSeek可能面临的一个挑战是美国政府可能会禁止美国公司使用DeepSeek。故选D项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The future of AI, with DeepSeek at the center, remains a mystery. Will it trigger a tech battle between the US and China, or will its open-source roots foster global collaboration?(以DeepSeek为核心的人工智能未来仍充满神秘。它是否会引发中美之间的技术战，还是其开源特性会促进全球合作？)”可知，DeepSeek的未来充满了不确定性，可能会引发美中之间的技术战争，也可能促进全球合作。可推理出AI的未来是不确定的。故选A项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whether we enter an AI arms race or begin a new era of global cooperation depends on how we choose to use and share this technology. As a Brazilian coder said, the future of AI must speak the language of both the developed and developing world to truly succeed.(我们究竟是会陷入一场人工智能军备竞赛，还是开启全球合作的新时代，这取决于我们如何选择使用和分享这项技术。正如一位巴西程序员所说，人工智能的未来必须既能满足发达国家的需求，也能契合发展中国家的期望，才能真正取得成功)”可知，要确保AI的成功，必须考虑全球的需求，包括发达国家和发展中国家。故选C项。 D The recent trust crisis has led many scientists to take up arms to defend their enterprise, but in their attempt to fight back against various forms of science denial, some scientists say things that just aren’t true - and you can’t build trust if the things you are saying are not trustworthy. One popular move is to insist that science is right - full stop - and that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Anyone who denies such truths is ignorant. Or, as Nobel Prize-winning physicist Steven Weinberg said, “Even though a scientific theory is in a sense a social consensus (共识), it is unlike any other sort of consensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” Well, no. Science is a process of learning and discovery, and sometimes we learn that what we thought was right is wrong. Even a modest familiarity with the history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that they needed to be reconsidered. Another popular move is to say scientific findings are true because scientists use “the scientific method”. But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is empiricism: observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the experimental method: the use of experiment to test hypotheses (假设). Recently some prominent scientists claimed the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is true that is not, and vice versa. Each of these commonly-held views has its merits, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method, then they all fail. History and philosophy have shown that the idea of a singular scientific method is, well, unscientific. In fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time. Many scientific practices, particularly statistical tests of significance, have been developed with the idea of avoiding wishful thinking and self-deception, but that hardly constitutes “the scientific method”. Scientists have bitterly argued about which methods are the best, and, as we all know, bitter arguments rarely get resolved. In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is to claim that this is all somehow simple and therefore to imply that anyone who doesn’t get it is dumb. Science is not simple, and neither is the natural world; therein lies the challenge of science communication. What we do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. Our efforts to understand and portray the natural world are just that: efforts. Because we’re human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up, brush ourselves off, and get back to work. Understanding the beautiful, complex world we live in, and using that knowledge to do useful things, is both its own reward and why taxpayers should be happy to fund research. Scientific theories are not perfect copies of reality, but we have good reason to believe that they capture significant elements of it. And experience reminds us that when we ignore reality, it sooner or later comes back to bite us. 32. The quote from Steven Weinberg is intended to ______. A. illustrate that scientific theories are free from cultural influences B. stress what was believed to be true may turn out to be false theories C. show even great scientists may be unfamiliar with the history of science D. serve as an example of the belief that science produces permanent truths 33. What can be learned from all the popular opinions on “the scientific method” mentioned in the passage? A. One way to make scientific discovery is doing experiments to observe and describe the world. B. Some hold the scientific method focuses on proving hypotheses correct through experiments. C. Some suggest employing the scientific method to avoid self-deception in scientific inquiry. D. The scientific method has evolved over time and varied across scientific disciplines. 34. The underlined phrase “fall flat” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______. A. fail to achieve a goal B. lie on one’s back C. fall behind the times D. rise to challenges 35. Which of the following statements does the author probably agree with? A. It’s pointless to agree on a single scientific method as science is right in itself. B. Science can’t supply absolute truths about the real world, but it brings us closer. C. Reflection on the history of science may help scientists restore public trust in science. D. Making scientific theories easily understandable is the biggest challenge for scientists. 【答案】32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了在信任危机下科学家捍卫科学事业时存在的问题，包括忽视科学是一个不断学习与发现的过程，认为某种单一的科学方法更好，以及将科学简单化，同时指出科学不能提供关于现实世界的绝对真理，但它使我们更接近真理。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“One popular move is to insist that science is right - full stop - and that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Anyone who denies such truths is ignorant. Or, as Nobel Prize-winning physicist Steven Weinberg said, “Even though a scientific theory is in a sense a social consensus (共识), it is unlike any other sort of consensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” (一种流行的做法是坚称科学是正确的——到此为止——一旦我们发现了世界的真相，我们就完成了任务。任何否认这些真理的人都是无知的。或者，正如诺贝尔奖得主物理学家Steven Weinberg所说，“尽管科学理论在某种意义上是一种社会共识，但它不同于任何其他类型的共识，因为它不受文化的影响，而且是永恒的。”)”可知，Steven Weinberg认为科学理论与文化无关，是永恒的，这支撑了前面提到的科学产生永恒真理的观点，是对其例证。故选D项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Each of these commonly-held views has its merits, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method, then they all fail. History and philosophy have shown that the idea of a singular scientific method is, well, unscientific. In fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time.(这些普遍持有的观点都有其优点，但如果声称其中任何一种是科学方法，那么它们都是失败的。历史和哲学已经表明，单一科学方法的想法是不科学的。事实上，不同学科和不同时代的科学方法是不同的)”可知，科学方法在不同学科之间以及随着时间的推移而变化。A项“进行科学发现的一种方法是通过实验来观察和描述世界”部分正确，但不全面，文章提到实验方法是科学方法的一种，但并不是唯一的方式，此外，观察和描述世界属于经验主义，而不是实验方法；B项“一些人认为科学方法的重点是通过实验证明假设是正确的”不完全正确。虽然实验方法确实用于验证假设，但科学方法不仅仅是证明假设的正确性，还包括其他方面，如避免自我欺骗等；C项“有人建议在科学探究中采用科学的方法来避免自我欺骗”部分正确，但不全面。避免自我欺骗确实是科学方法的一个方面，但科学方法还包括其他方面，如实验验证、观察描述等。故选D项。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线部分的上文“Science is not simple, and neither is the natural world; therein lies the challenge of science communication. What we do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. Our efforts to understand and portray the natural world are just that: efforts. Because we’re human (科学并不简单，自然界也不简单；这就是科学传播的挑战所在。我们所做的事情既困难又难以解释。我们理解和描绘自然界的努力仅仅是努力。因为我们是人类)”可知，科学和自然界都不简单，人类在理解和描绘自然界上面临挑战，存在局限性。由此可知，我们经常会失败，画线部分意思应该与fail to achieve a goal“目标达成失败”意思相近。故选A项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Science is a process of learning and discovery, and sometimes we learn that what we thought was right is wrong. (科学是一个学习和发现的过程，有时我们会发现我们认为正确的是错误的。)”、倒数第二段中“Science is not simple, and neither is the natural world; therein lies the challenge of science communication. What we do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. Our efforts to understand and portray the natural world are just that: efforts. (科学并不简单，自然界也不简单；这就是科学传播的挑战所在。我们所做的事情既困难又难以解释。我们理解和描绘自然世界的努力仅仅是努力。)”和最后一段中“Scientific theories are not perfect copies of reality, but we have good reason to believe that they capture significant elements of it. (科学理论并不是对现实的完美复制，但我们有充分的理由相信，它们捕捉到了现实的重要元素。)”可知，作者指出，人类在理解和描绘自然界上存在局限性，而且科学本身是学习和发现的过程，其中也会发生错误，但科学理论的确可以揭示现实的某些重要方面。由此可知，作者的观点可能是“科学不能提供关于现实世界的绝对真理，但它使我们更接近真理”。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What is heritage? The word can be difficult to define. Heritage is always something that is passed down by families or other groups for many years.____36____ It can also be the customs, traditions, and values shared by groups of people. One way to think about heritage is to break it down into three groups. These are the tangible(有形的), the natural, and the intangible. ____37____ It can include many human-made objects that hold cultural value. Some examples are national monuments and works of art. Many ancient sites are also part of this group. On a smaller scale, a family home can be part of an individual’s heritage. Many parts of the natural world are also important to cultural heritage. This can include bodies of water, plant life, landforms and more. One example is the Nile River.____38____ Efforts to protect natural heritage are key in many cultures. The intangible group includes any part of cultural heritage that you can’t feel through touch. Maybe you’ve read about forms of dance, like Flamenco dancing. You might know about the music of Mariachi Bands or holidays like Eid. These are all examples of intangible heritage. ____39____ Exploring your own heritage can be fun. It can help you learn about yourself, your family, and your ancestors. But it’s also important to learn about the heritage of others. ____40____ It can also lead you to find things you may have in common with others! A. They are treasures that can be touched. B. What tangible items can be part of heritage? C. However, heritage isn’t limited to concrete objects. D. Languages, holidays and customs also make the list. E. Therefore, it’s difficult to protect them from fading away. F. Doing so can help you build a stronger understanding of other cultures. G. It has been part of cultural heritage in many African nations for centuries. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. G 39. D 40. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了遗产是由家庭或其他群体传承多年的东西。然而，遗产并不局限于具体的物品，它也是一群人共有的习俗、传统和价值观。 【36题详解】 根据下文“It can also be the customs, traditions, and values shared by groups of people. (它也可以是一群人共享的习俗、传统和价值观)”可知，此处应指遗产不局限于某种东西，与C项“However, heritage isn’t limited to concrete objects. (然而，遗产并不局限于具体的物品)”符合题意。故选C。 【37题详解】 根据上文“These are the tangible(有形的), the natural, and the intangible. (遗产分为有形的、自然的、和无形的三种)”及空后“It can include many human-made objects that hold cultural value. (它可以包括许多具有文化价值的人造物。)”，再结合下文中列举的人造物品的例子，包括“national monuments and works of art”、“ancient sites”等；由此可知，本段主要讲述哪些是有形的遗产，B项“What tangible items can be part of heritage? (哪些有形物品可以成为遗产的一部分)”符合题意，故选B。 【38题详解】 本段主要介绍自然遗产。根据空前“One example is the Nile River. (尼罗河就是一个例子)”可知，空处应该会继续讲述与尼罗河有关的内容。G项“It has been part of cultural heritage in many African nations for centuries. (几个世纪以来，它一直是许多非洲国家文化遗产的一部分)”承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 【39题详解】 本段主要介绍无形的遗产。上文提到了舞蹈、音乐等无形的遗产，D项“Languages, holidays and customs also make the list. (语言、节日、习俗也榜上有名)”承接上文，介绍了其他的无形遗产，符合题意。故选D。 【40题详解】 根据上一句“But it’s also important to learn about the heritage of others. (但了解他人的遗产也很重要)”及下一句“It can also lead you to find things you may have in common with others! (它还可以引导您找到与他人可能有共同点的东西！)”可知，空出应该是介绍了解他人的遗产的好处，F项“Doing so can help you build a stronger understanding of other cultures. (这样做可以帮助您更深入地了解其他文化)”承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 第三部分：单词填空(本大题共20小题，共20.0分) 第一节：根据语境选出适当的单词，用正确的形式填空。 选词填空 interact; bearable; expose; participate; benefit; expand; visual; tendency; acknowledge; originate; 41. He tends to explore more with the __________ of interest in science. 42. Those who are lacking confidence have a _____________ to give up in the face of frustrations. 43. With these severe restrictions to her communication, Helen’s behavior was often ______________. 44. This young man devoted himself to helping those ________ to the disaster. 45. People like Bacon and Galilei knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vital to a man and more ____________ to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world. 46. This professor has made such great breakthroughs that he ___________ as a pioneer in the field. 47. Readers of the book use their imaginations to ___________ characters and have very definite ideas about how characters should look and sound. This is where I think many film adaptations fall down. 48. The priority of the current project is to make an effective ___________ of different ideas. 49. He admits that his latest music style ___________ from the combination of folk and classical music. 50. Forty of the course ___________ are offered employment with the company. 【答案】41. expansion 42. tendency 43. unbearable 44. exposed 45. beneficial 46. is acknowledged 47. visualize##visualise 48. interaction 49. originates 50. participants 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：他倾向于在科学兴趣的扩展中探索更多。根据句意，此处需填入表示“扩展”的名词，即expand的名词expansion作宾语，不可数，故填expansion。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：缺乏自信的人在面对挫折时有放弃的倾向。根据句意，此处需填入表示“倾向”的名词，即应填名词tendency作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填tendency。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于沟通受到严格限制，海伦的行为常常令人难以忍受。根据句意，此处需填入表示“难以忍受的”的形容词作表语，即应用形容词bearable“可忍受的”的反义词unbearable，故填unbearable。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：这位年轻人致力于帮助那些遭受灾难的人。根据句意，此处是后置定语，表示“暴露”应用动词expose，和所修饰词those是被动关系，即应用过去分词形式，故填exposed。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：培根和伽利略等人知道，知识和理解是需要争取的东西；对一个人来说更重要，对人类来说更有益，有些人可能会说，比世界上所有的钱都重要。根据句意，此处需填入表示“有益的”形容词作表语，动词benefit“受益”的形容词为beneficial，more beneficial是比较级，故填beneficial。 【46题详解】 考查动词。句意：这位教授取得了如此重大的突破，以至于他被公认为该领域的先驱。根据句意，此处表示“公认为”为固定搭配be acknowledged as，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是he，be动词应用is，故填is acknowledged。 【47题详解】 考查动词。句意：这本书的读者利用他们的想象力来想象角色，并对角色的外貌和声音有非常明确的想法。这就是我认为许多电影改编失败的地方。根据句意，此处需填入表示“想象”的动词，visual“视觉的”的动词形式为visualize/visualise，由不定式符号to可知，应用原形，故填visualize/visualise。 【48题详解】 考查名词。句意：当前项目的首要任务是有效地整合不同的想法。根据句意，此处需填入表示“互动”或“整合”interact的名词作宾语，由an可知，应用单数，故填interaction。 【49题详解】 考查动词。句意：他承认，他最新的音乐风格源自民间音乐和古典音乐的结合。根据句意，此处需填入动词作谓语，表示“源自”，应用动词originate，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，即谓语动词应用三单形式，故填originates。 【50题详解】 考查名词。句意：该课程的40名参与者获得了该公司的就业机会。根据句意，此处需填入表示“参与者”的名词作主语，participate的名词形式为participant，由forty可知，应用复数形式，故填participants。 第二节：根据语境、首字母和汉语提示，写出适当的单词或短语。 51. I am fully convinced that the l___________ (闲暇) lifestyle is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】leisure##eisure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我坚信，随着现代社会的进步，闲暇生活方式正在衰落。“闲暇”为名词leisure作定语，修饰名词lifestyle，故填leisure。 52. To enhance our awareness of saving food, our school is to l_________ (发起) a campaign against food waste. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】launch##aunch 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：为了增强我们节约食物的意识，我们学校将发起一项反对浪费食物的运动。根据汉语提示“发起”和首字母提示“l”可知，空处为动词launch，由空前不定式符号to可知，应用动词原形，故填launch。 53. Fans lined the road to the ________ _________ (终点线), cheering on the competitors. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. finishing##finish ②. line 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：粉丝们沿着通往终点线的道路排成一行，为参赛者加油。“终点线”为固定搭配the finishing/finish line，故填①finishing/finish；②line。 54. We try so hard to _________ _____ ______ (不辜负) other people’s expectations of us that sometimes we let our passions take the back seat. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. live ②. up ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我们如此努力地不辜负别人对我们的期望，以至于有时我们会让自己的激情退居次要地位。“不辜负”为固定搭配live up to，由空前不定式符号to可知，动词live应用原形，故填live up to。 55. You have to develop your capabilities to the m___________ (最大限度). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】maximum##aximum 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你必须将自己的能力发展到最大限度。“最大限度”为名词maximum，作宾语，不可数，故填maximum。 56. Pollution has a negative effect on the health of everyone living in the city, _________ _______ (更不用说) the damage to the environment. 【答案】 ①. let ②. alone 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：污染对城市中每个人的健康都有负面影响，更不用说对环境的破坏。“更不用说”为固定搭配let alone，故填let alone。 57. It is crucial for teenagers to develop into m___________ (成熟的) and responsible members of society. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】mature##ature 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：青少年成长为成熟且有责任感的社会成员至关重要。以m为首字母的“成熟的”为形容词mature，与空后responsible并列，作定语修饰名词members，故填mature。 58. Only a small m____________ (少数) of students is interested in politics these days. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】minority##inority 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，只有少数学生对政治感兴趣。根据空前不定冠词a和汉语提示“少数”可知，空处应填可数名词单数minority，构成固定短语a minority of，意为“少数……”。故填minority。 59. In 1969, Tu Youyou was given the m________ (任务) to set up a team to find a cure for malaria. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】mission##ission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：1969年，屠呦呦受命组建一个团队，寻找治疗疟疾的方法。“任务”为名词mission作宾语，由句意和the可知，此处特指这一任务，应用单数，故填mission。 60. It never occurred to me that the experience of a volunteer would have such a f________ (深远的) effect on my later life. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】far-reaching##ar-reaching 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我从来没有想到志愿者经历会对我以后的生活产生如此深远的影响。“深远的”为形容词far-reaching，作定语，修饰名词effect，故填far-reaching。 第四部分：书面表达(本大题共1小题，共20.0分) 61. 假定你是李华，你校准备举办以“Chinese Youth of the New Era”为主题的英文演讲活动。请写一篇英文演讲稿，简要谈谈新时代青年应具备的品格(至少两条)。 1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头语已为你写好，不计入总字数。 Dear fellow students, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version 1: Dear fellow students, Today, I am honored to speak on the theme “Chinese Youth of the New Era.” As young people in a rapidly changing world, we must embody certain qualities to thrive and contribute to our society. First and foremost, resilience is essential. In the face of challenges, we must learn to adapt and persevere. Life will present obstacles, but our ability to bounce back and stay focused on our goals will define our success. Resilience empowers us to turn setbacks into opportunities for growth. Secondly, a sense of social responsibility is crucial. As the future leaders of our nation, we should care for our communities and actively participate in social issues. Engaging in volunteer work and advocating for positive change not only helps others but also enriches our own lives. In conclusion, let us embrace resilience and social responsibility as core values. Together, we can shape a brighter future for ourselves and our country. Thank you! Possible version 2: Dear fellow students, It’s an honor to stand here and share my thoughts on what defines Chinese youth in the new era. As the future pillars of our nation, we must cultivate qualities that align with both personal growth and societal progress. Among these, two virtues stand out: innovative thinking and social responsibility. First, innovation is the engine of development. In a world driven by technology and globalization, young people must dare to question norms, embrace creativity, and turn ideas into solutions. Think of young entrepreneurs developing AI tools for environmental protection or students designing apps to assist the elderly. Such breakthroughs stem from courage to explore the unknown. Equally vital is social responsibility. New-era youth should not only pursue individual success but also contribute to collective well-being. Whether volunteering in rural education, promoting cultural heritage, or advocating for sustainability, every effort counts. Remember, a thriving society is built on the compassion and dedication of its people. Dear friends, let us carry the torch of innovation while keeping our hearts rooted in service. Together, we can shape a future where youth power transforms challenges into opportunities. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇以 “Chinese Youth of the New Era” 为主题的英文演讲稿，阐述新时代青年应具备的品格。 【详解】1.词汇积累 荣幸的：honored→privileged 至关重要的：essential→crucial 参加：participate in→take part in 总之：in conclusion→in summary 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Today, I am honored to speak on the theme “Chinese Youth of the New Era.” 拓展句：Today, I am honored to give a speech which is themed “Chinese Youth of the New Era.” 【点睛】【高分句型1】Life will present obstacles, but our ability to bounce back and stay focused on our goals will define our success.(运用了不定式短语作后置定语) 【高分句型2】Engaging in volunteer work and advocating for positive change not only helps others but also enriches our own lives.(运用了动名词短语作主语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$