2025届北京市海淀区高三下学期期末练习（二模）英语试题

海淀区2024一2025学年第二学期期末练习 2025.05 英 高三英语 本试卷共8页，100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In my village in Kazakhstan,opportunities for personal development were limited.Many young people,including myself,felt the 1 of unfulfilled potential and a lack of means to explore our interests.Motivated by my passion for football and the desire to inspire others,I tried to use my love for the sport to 2 the youth in my community. With the support of my local football club,I organized free training sessions for children aged 8 to 14.The first few practices were challenging;I faced 3 from parents who questioned whether a young athlete could make a meaningful impact.4,my determination fueled my efforts,andI focused on creating an inclusive environment. As the weeks passed,I witnessed transformation.The children who once hesitated to participate began to 5 with excitement and enthusiasm.I not only taught them football techniques but also 6 important life skills such as teamwork,discipline,and perseverance.Our training sessions became a safe space for self-expression and personal development. At a local tournament,families and friends came out to cheer for the young athletes.As our team 7 through the matches,I felt an immense sense of pride-not just for our victories,but for the 8 we had formed.The joy on the players'faces as they scored goals and celebrated together was a testament to the impact we had made. Through this experience,I saw how investing time and effort in the youth of my community could foster a culture of support and 9.The impact was not limited to the field;it extended to their life.Young athletes began to see themselves as 10 individuals with the potential to achieve their dreams.Later,I pursued a degree in community development to address broader issues,making a difference in larger contexts 1.A.need B.weight C.freedom D.hope 2.A.accept B.fund C.empower D.challenge 3.A.doubt B.requests C.expectations D.indifference 4.A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.However D.Therefore 5.A.show up B.check in C.stand out D.carry on 6.A.proved B.combined C.acquired D.emphasized 7.A.suffered B.advanced C.searched D.cooperated 8.A.bonds B.habits C.agreements D.memories 9.A.dependence B.innovation C.motivation D.tolerance 10.A.qualified B.adaptable C.diverse D.capable 高三年级（英语）第1页（共8页） 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A A foreign tourist shared his travel experience with visa-free entry in China on social media. "Before my trip 11 China in April,I was quite nervous because I had no idea 12 difficulties I would encounter at the border control department.However,after explaining to airport staff that I intended to enter China with the 240-hour visa-free transit policy,everything went quite smoothly afterward,"he said.During his trip,he 13 (visit)major southeastern costal cities of China, among which Shanghai and Hangzhou left a deep impression on him. B The rising obesity rate has aroused more wide-spread concern.Experts link obesity to excessive carbohydrates and cooking oil.Now young Chinese are embracing lighter foods.Many prefer green juice or protein-topped salads 14 (manage)weight.Some people,15 live a green and cost- effective lifestyle,prefer homemade meals over pricey light foods.Weight loss success 16 (story) highlight balanced diets over extreme measures.Many adopt gradual,mindful eating habits,such as seasonal and local food,for long-term health. C Take a look at the contact list on your phone-you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few.Many of these 17 (forget)contacts are old friends that 18 (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time.However,research 19 (consistent)shows that social relationships are vital for mental and physical well-being.Reaching out to an old friend may seem challenging,but it can rekindle meaningful connections and bring joy.Instead of 20 (let) friendships slip away,a simple message can bridge the gap and enhance both parties'happiness. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分) 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A In a recent survey,over half of first-year college students wished they had worked harder in high school.Taking challenging classes in high school,such as honors and college-level courses,builds new skills and prepares you for college.They are exactly what admissions officers like to see on applications. Experience a Different Approach Here's a brief overview of some of the classes that may be available to you: .Honors classes usually cover similar material as regular classes,but at a faster pace or more deeply than regular classes. College Board's AP Program offers college-level classes that help students develop and apply skills,such as reading critically,solving problems analytically,and writing clearly.More than 30 classes are available. 高三年级（英语）第2页（共8页) The IB program offers college-level classes that stress developing your thinking skills and an awareness of global issues. College courses may be available for you to take while still in high school,either at your school or on a college campus. Find Your Passion Courses like these can introduce you to topics and ideas not covered in the regular classroom. You may even discover the subject that will become your college major or the focus of your career. Prepare for College Showing that you're willing to push yourself by taking demanding classes in high school can help when you're applying to college.The level of courses you take now is one of the first things colleges look at. In addition,college courses,IB classes and exams,and AP Exams may lead to college credits, advanced placement,or both in college.This means you may be able to skip some basic college courses and move directly into interesting,advanced classes.This also may allow you to free up enough time to pursue a double major or study abroad. 21.Which of the following highlights global consciousness? A.Honors classes.B.AP Program. C.IB programs. D.College courses. 22.Which could be the benefit of taking challenging classes? A.Graduating with honors. B.Boosting academic possibilities. C.Broadening career prospect. D.Ensuring admission to colleges. 23.The passage is intended for A.first-year undergraduates B.career advisors C.summer school organizers D.high school students B When I arrived at the Sign Language Center in Manhattan for my first American Sign Language (ASL)class,a man took one look at my hesitant posture and held up some fingers.One?Two?I put up one finger,and he directed me to the Level 1 class.It was disorienting:Class time was strictly "voices off"to encourage immersive leamning and to show respect to the deaf teachers.Without the power of speech,all my classmates and I could do was smile and nod at one another as we took in the new vocabulary. Learning ASL in the early weeks was a culture shock and a bruise to my ego.As a writer,I pride myself on a certain facility with language.I was taught that there's a perfect combination of words that can most precisely communicate any thought.With ASL,I expected to feel similarly,and thought fluency would come once I collected a critical mass of signs.The first thing you learn in ASL class is the alphabet.As my classmates and I asked and answered questions using words we didn't have the signs for,those early weeks were filled with laborious spelling.It was embarrassing:Seeing a dozen politely smiling faces watching me as I slowly spelled,misspelled and restarted spelling words-often multiple times-was its own kind of torture. Over time,I picked up on new conventions,like waving a hand or stomping on the ground to get someone's attention.My fingers stalled as they reached for new shapes,and I struggled to differentiate very similar looking signs.Eventually I realized that when you're communicating in 高三年级（英语）第3页（共8页) sign language,diction (is not as important as the way you embody what you're communicating. I once asked a teacher how to sign the word "desperate"."ASL doesn't have a direct translation of every English word,"he told me."If you want to sign'desperate',you might just sign the word 'want', but with the appropriate facial and body posturing to show your desperation.It doesn't make sense to sign'frustrated'if your face doesn't look at all frustrated,"he added-it's like speaking in a deadpan monotone while claiming you're angry. I've been attending ASL classes for almost two years.Initially,my reason was trivial:a childhood fascination with"secret languages".While ASL may not wholly share a vocabulary with English,that doesn't mean it lacks precision.Its precision,I've learned,lies in the common language of the body. 24.How did the author feel in the first ASL class? A.Frustrated.B.Confused. C.Anxious. D.Hesitant. 25.What made the author embarrassed when learning the alphabet? A.Putting on smiling facial expressions. B.Being made fun of in front of the class. C.Waving a hand to get someone's attention. D.Misspelling and respelling words repeatedly. 26.According to the passage,what can we learn about ASL? A.It's a universal language system across cultures. B.It conveys more emotions than verbal language. C.It requires a combination of signs and emotions. D.It has a direct translation of signs for every word. 27.What has the author learned from her learning experience? A.The body is what gives language life. B.Diction is what gives language flavour. C.Fluency comes from the mastery of signs. D.ASL prioritizes precision over communication. C If you've ever hung around scientists,you've most likely heard one of them say "the best explanation is the simplest one."But is it?From the behavior of ants to the occurrence of tomadoes, the natural world is often quite complex.Why should we assume the simplest explanation is closest to the truth? This idea is known as Occam's (or Ockham's)razor.It's also referred to as "rule of economy". And it bears a family relationship to the "principle of least astonishment,"which holds that if an explanation is too surprising,it's probably not right.The name comes from William of Ockham, a 14th-century scholastic philosopher.He formulated the principle that "entities()should not be multiplied beyond necessity."The philosophical claim is a form of ontological minimalism:we should not invoke entities unless we have evidence that they exist.In other words:don't make stuff up. In 1687,Isaac Newton expanded on the notion with his concept of a vera causa-a true cause, stating that we should admit only causes that were both true and sufficient to explain natural phenomena.He added that Nature did nothing in vain and Nature was pleased with simplicity. 高三年级（英语）第4页（共8页） Although Newton was a great scientist,this claim scems odd.Who is to say what "pleases Nature"? Doesn't this guidance assume we know what we are in fact trying to figure out? Consider the world of Physics filled with explanations that are surprising,unexpected and hard to get your head around.Newton explained light as being made of particles,whereas other scientists explained it as a wave.Quantum mechanics,however,tells us light is both a wave and a particle. Newton's account was simpler,but modem physics tells us the more complex model is closer to the truth. When we tum to biology,things get even more complicated.Imagine two smokers,both of whom went through a pack a day for 30 years.One gets cancer;the other doesn't.The simplest explanation? For decades the tobacco industry's answer was that smoking doesn't cause cancer.Simple but false.In fact,disease is complex,and we don't yet understand all the factors involved in cancer. Occam's razor is not a fact or even a theory.It's a metaphysical(形而上学的)principle:an idea held independently of empirical(evidence.In human affairs,things are more often than not complex.Human motivations are typically multiple.People can be good and bad at the same time,selfish and selfless,depending on circumstances.The shelves of ethicists are filled with books pondering why good people do bad things,and their answers are rarely short and sweet. Our explanations should match the world as best as we can make them.Science is about allowing things to unfold naturally,and sometimes this means accepting that the truth is not simple,even if it would make our lives easier if it were. 28.Occam's razor indicates that A.simpler explanations should be preferred B.reasonable explanations can't be surprising C.explanations should be consistent with purposes D.sufficient causes can explain natural phenomena 29.What can we leamn from this passage? A.Newton offered solid empirical support to Occam's razor. B.The tobacco industry's response is in line with Occam's razor. C.Quantum mechanics confirms Newton's particle theory of light. D.Ethicists argue human complexity results in multiple motivations. 30.It's implied in the passage that we need to A.follow the laws of nature B.interpret the world as it is C.balance accuracy and simplicity D.highlight the existence of entities D In 1922 British geologist Robert Sherlock put forth what is now considered to be the central argument for recognizing the Anthropocene (as a new geological era:the scale and character of human activities have become so great as to compete with natural forces.About one hundred years later,geologists have broadly accepted Sherlock's core idea,and the Anthropocene Working Group has proposed Crawford Lake in Canada as the official site for marking the Anthropocene. The proposal attracted a great deal of press,much of it focused on a misguided controversy over how narrowly to define the Anthropocene.Amid this debate,observers may have been left to wonder 高三年级（英语）第5页（共8页） why defining this chapter in Earth's history should matter to ordinary people at all. Sherlock was not a lone wolf.He built on the work of others.One was an American scholar George Marsh,who had called attention to deforestation and the role of humans as"disturbing agents".In addition to revisiting deforestation,Sherlock described the changed courses of rivers through dams and canals;and the huge quantities of stuff people move while mining the raw materials of modem civilization.Human impacts were becoming so manifest,Sherlock argued,that the distinction between"natural"and"artificial"was becoming difficult to sustain.We needed a new term to study the effects of human activities on Earth.Scientists of later generations followed his footsteps.And in 2000 Eugene F.Stormer and Paul J.Crutzen formally proposed the word "Anthropocene"in a paper. But science is conservative in nature-the burden of proof is always on those making a novel claim-and the social and economic consequences of recognizing the adverse effects of burning fossil fuels have led to enormous resistance beyond scientific community. The definition of the Anthropocene matters for at least two reasons.First,it is a way for seientists to declare that the shifts going on around us are no small issue.Anthropogenic climate change is a profound change in the conditions of life on Earth.In countless ways,the past may no longer be a reliable guide to the future.We must rethink core assumptions about how we build our economies and our infrastructures,how we travel,and even how we eat. Second,the definition of the Anthropocene extends the conversation beyond climate change. What geologists can now see in rocks-from the subtle to the gross-points to the widespread and lasting impact of human activities on Earth. It is common for people to say that as climate change proceeds,we can"just adapt".Some wealthy people even think that,if necessary,they will move to higher ground or lower latitudes.No doubt some people will become climate refugees,either voluntarily or under force.But the definition of the Anthropocene reminds us that the challenge we face is geological in scale.It affects the whole Earth.It reminds us that as this new era unfolds,there won't be anywhere to hide. 31.What can we learn about the Anthropocene? A.It is driven by dramatic climate change. B.It is approved as a definite geological era. C.It highlights the impact of human activities. D.It marks the unique features of Crawford Lake. 32.What can be inferred from the passage? A.A shift in mindset of responsibility is in great need. B.Geological changes in rocks remain to be uncovered. C.The proof of new claims makes science conservative. D.The press focuses on the significance of the Anthropocene 33.What does the word "manifest"underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A.Direct. B.Diverse. C.Negative. D.Striking. 34.Which would be the best title for the passage? A.Does the Anthropocene Matter? B.What Does the Anthropocene Tell Us? C.Can Humans Adapt to the Anthropocene? D.How Can Humans Reduce Anthropogenic Impact? 高三年级（英语)第6页（共8页） 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stuffed animals,or plush toys,are a cherished part of childhood for many.Yet their appeal extends far beyond the early years.Whether it's a soft lion or a cuddly bunny,these comforting companions have a unique place in the hearts of millions.35 One of the primary reasons stuffed animals are so beloved is the comfort they provide.For children,these soft,huggable toys often serve as a source of emotional security.The act of cuddling a stuffed animal can provide reassurance and a sense of calm.36 The tactile sensation of soft fabric and the comforting weight of a plush toy can act like a physical comfort object,similar to a security blanket. Besides,stuffed animals often become loyal companions,offering emotional support.37 The attachment they develop to their stuffed animals is not just a passing phase.It often carries lasting emotional significance well into adulthood. 38 Children might"care"for their toys in ways they see adults caring for them,developing empathy and nurturing skills.This kind of play helps children understand complex emotions like love,concern,and responsibility.This allows them to build emotional intelligence from an early age. Beyond emotional comfort,stuffed animals have been used as tools in therapy.In child psychology, therapists often incorporate stuffed animals to help children express their emotions,fears,and wishes in a non-threatening way.When a child has difficulty verbalizing complex feelings,a stuffed animal can serve as a"voice"for those emotions.39 Many find comfort in hugging or holding a plush toy as a way to alleviate stress,anxiety,or even physical pain.A growing body of research suggests hugging a stuffed animal can reduce stress hormones,and trigger the release of oxytocin,which promotes feelings of well-being and relaxation. A.Why do they hold such a special place in seeking comfort? B.Many children treat them as real friends or family members. C.But what makes stuffed animals more than just simple toys? D.Stuffed animals are also often used as a form of role-playing. E.It can help children feel safe,especially during times of stress F.Cuddling stuffed animals in therapy can keep adults in high spirits G.Adults too can benefit from the therapeutic aspects of stuffed animals. 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分) 第-节（共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 "Your order is on its way!"Is there any notification that brings more joy than this?But there could be more behind your motivations for hitting"buy now".A survey found over a quarter of respondents reported"doom spending"-splashing cash on unnecessary purchases despite economic concerns to cope with stress. Doom spending can put you at risk of financial stress,cause tension in relationships,evoke feelings of shame,and drain your bank balance of funds that could be spent otherwise.But why is it 高三年级（英语）第7页（共8页） so hard to resist the urge to spend? The reason we feel happy and satisfied when swiping our credit cards is the dopamine rush it offers.Interestingly,the dopamine doesn't turn up in the acquisition of something.It occurs in the impulse or the motivation to go forth and hunt.In other words,it's the try-on of the perfect shoesor the test drive of the new car rather than the actual buying.So when feeling the urge to buy,pause, note the item and wait at least 24 hours before acting,allowing time for dopamine's effect to flow through the body.You may find that after the effect wears off,you don't have the urge to buy. For some people,shopping serves as a coping mechanism-a way to find comfort and build self- esteem or self-confidence.They often turn to that product again and again,hoping it will make them feel a little bit better.However,this inability to properly self-soothe can result in a"treat yourself" mentality after a bad day.If you feel the need for a treat or some self-care,put your credit card away and reach for something more wholesome and long-lasting like meditation,spending time in nature, or connecting with friends.These alteratives not only provide longer-lasting benefits but also help fill your emotional well-being. But being mindful with money doesn't have to mean avoiding spending on little things that bring you joy.Little splurges and "treat yourself"moments can be a great way to bring happiness if they are controlled.Having allocated funds for"splurge"purchases,and keeping a list on how much to spend from these can create a more mindful approach to spending,rather than one that's impulsive and stress-motivated. 40.According to the passage,what is"doom spending"? 41.What are the alternatives to comfort yourself instead of spending money? 42.Please decide which part of the following statement is false,then underline it and explain why. Dopamine is released when people actually buy something,which makes them feel happy and satisfied. 43.What benefit(s)can you get from being mindful with money?(In about 40 words) 第二节(20分) 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们年级将于6月18日开展以“传承”为主题的毕业季活 动。请你用英文给你们班的交换生Jm写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1.活动内容； 2.其他相关事项。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua (请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内) 高三年级（英语）第8页（共8页)