零基础英语音标教程（发音规则+练习）-美式发音技巧

⼆二、双元⾳音：（8个） /aɪ/ /e/（英式/eɪ/） /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /ɛə/ /ʊə/ /aʊ/ /o/（英式/əʊ/） 双元⾳音发⾳音特点： 有头尾 有滑动 前强后弱 发⾳音特饱满 /aɪ/ hi shy shine wild try by fly nine cry while sky /e/（英式/eɪ/）应答⾳音、微笑⾳音 main laid rain lay day may eight same hate neighbor gate /ɔɪ/ boy joy enjoy toy voice coin join /ɪə/ area idea /ɛə/ air repair hair pair dare care share /ʊə/ sure poor moor tour surely /aʊ/ out how now about cow crowd /o/（英式/əʊ/） boat coat ghost grow to goat 一、K. K. 音标简介及分类 二、单元音 三、双元音 四、辅音 五、六大连读规则 六、失爆、重读、弱读、弱读等 七、音标+发音规则汇总 一、K. K. 音标简介及分类 美式音标，也叫K. K. 音标。 K. K. 音标不同于国际音标（IPA）：主要是元音的写法的不同，辅音基本一致。 K. K.音标一共有48个。分为元音（20个）和辅音（28个）。 元音分为单元音（12个）和双元音（8个）。单元音又可以分成长元音和双元音。 辅音有两种分类方式：清辅音（11个）和浊辅音（17个），或者可以按口腔唇齿关系分成爆破音、摩擦音、破擦音、鼻音、舌侧音和半元音。 二、单元音 /i/和/ɪ/ 最大的区别在于——嘴巴松紧度 而不是声音的长短 /i/：紧张音 嘴角往两边 舌头稍用力 /ɪ/：放松音 短促有力收小腹 舌头肌肉松弛 判断：English中的i字母发的是什么音？ 练习： /i/：me she he sheep sleep sea keep... /ɪ/：it is this wish ability ticket /i/ /ɪ/ beater bitter greed grid reach rich /e/ / ɛ/ /æ/的区别 /e/ 应答音 属于双元音 英式写作/eɪ/ 如：may eight cake... / ɛ/ 一指音、微笑音 letter question / ɛ/比/e/口型稍宽 如：Ted help them sell seven egg /æ/三指音 舌头下压 嘴巴张大 bed vs. bad 如：that man cast at cat glance 蹦恰恰 /e/ / ɛ/ /æ/ 练习： /e/ / ɛ/ waste west date debt mate met /e/ /æ/ maid mad lake lack snake snack / ɪ/ / ɛ/ 比较发音的宽度 sit set tin ten listen lesson /u/与/ʊ/ 噘嘴音 类似于/i/和/ɪ/ 一个是紧张音 一个是放松音 练习： /u/fool lose rule through fruit... /ʊ/full book took good... /ɔ/和/o/ /ɔ/定型 英式写作/ɔ:/ /o/有移动有收缩 是双元音 英式写作/əʊ/ 练习： /ɔ/ /o/ law low caught coat bought boat (gh字母在单词中间都不发音 如：light weight taught...) /ɑ/ 大啊音 感叹大好河山 练习：calm scarf not problem sock 小专题： 美式发音的三个元音的夸张化 ★英式音标中的/ɔ:/，对应美式音标中的/ɔ/ 写法不同 读音也稍有不同 如talk cause taught ★英式音标中发的/ɒ/或者/ɔ/的音，在美式音标中读成/ɑ/(英式音标中没有/ɑ/这个写法，只有/ɑː/） 练习：not hot problem scholarship opportunity body stop watch hospital box ★英式音标里发/a: / 的音在美式里常常都读/æ/ 练习：fast class last grasp 原因：英国人比较保守、含蓄；美国人比较热情、夸张 重度卷舌音与轻度卷舌音(记忆方式：像3是重度 像2是轻度 注意：英美式区别：英式没有卷舌，美式卷） 练习： 重度卷舌：bird girl work first nurse person thirsty thirty learn 轻度卷舌：sister water brother mother banker never /ə/ 央元音（不前不后适中的音 所以发音最舒服 不费什么力气） 懒人音（可以偷懒的音 如at and... ) 练习：open today tonight ago famous /ʌ/小啊音 短促有力收小腹 练习：cup but love... /ɑ/大啊音→/ʌ/小啊音 嘴型变小 练习： /ɑ/ /ʌ/ not nut sock suck collar color 二、双元音：（8个） /aɪ/ /e/（英式/eɪ/） /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /ɛə/ /ʊə/ /aʊ/ /o/（英式/əʊ/） 双元音发音特点：有头尾 有滑动 前强后弱 发音特饱满 /aɪ/ hi shy shine wild try by fly nine cry while sky /e/（英式/eɪ/） main laid rain lay day may eight same hate neighbor gate /ɔɪ/ boy joy enjoy toy voice coin join /ɪə/ ear year clear near here sincere /ɛə/ air repair hair pair dare care share /ʊə/ sure poor moor tour surely /aʊ/ out how now about cow crowd /o/（英式/əʊ/） boat coat ghost grow to goat 三、辅音（28个） 爆破音：/p/ /b/ /t / /d/ /k/ /g/ 摩擦音：发音器官形成缝隙，气流从缝隙摩擦所发出的音 /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /h/ /r/ 破擦音：由爆破音➕摩擦音组成 即先爆破后摩擦，两音结合，发成一个音 /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/ 鼻音：/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ 舌侧音：/l/ 半元音：/j/ /w/ 爆破音：发音器官（唇、齿、舌）在口腔形成阻碍，然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音 /b/ /p/ /d/ /t/ /g/ /k/ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$⼀一、K. K. ⾳音标简介及分类 ⼆二、单元⾳音 三、双元⾳音 四、辅⾳音 五、六⼤大连读规则 六、失爆、重读、弱读、弱读等 七、⾳音标+发⾳音规则汇总 ⼀一、K. K. ⾳音标简介及分类 美式⾳音标，也叫 K. K. ⾳音标。 K. K. ⾳音标不不同于国际⾳音标（IPA）：主要是元⾳音的写法的不不同，辅⾳音 基本⼀一致。 K. K.⾳音标⼀一共有 48个。分为元⾳音（20个）和辅⾳音（28个）。 元⾳音分为单元⾳音（12个）和双元⾳音（8个）。单元⾳音⼜又可以分成⻓长元 ⾳音和双元⾳音。 辅⾳音有两种分类⽅方式：清辅⾳音（11个）和浊辅⾳音（17个），或者可以 按⼝口腔唇⻮齿关系分成爆破⾳音、摩擦⾳音、破擦⾳音、⿐鼻⾳音、⾆舌侧⾳音和半元 ⾳音。 ⼆二、单元⾳音 /i/和/ɪ/ 最⼤大的区别在于——嘴巴松紧度 ⽽而不不是声⾳音的⻓长短 /i/：紧张⾳音 嘴⻆角往两边 ⾆舌头稍⽤用⼒力力 /ɪ/：放松⾳音 短促有⼒力力收⼩小腹 ⾆舌头肌⾁肉松弛 判断：English中的 i字⺟母发的是什什么⾳音？ 练习： /i/：me she he sheep sleep sea keep... /ɪ/：it is this wish ability ticket /i/ /ɪ/ beater bitter greed grid reach rich /e/ / ɛ / /æ/的区别 /e/ 应答⾳音 属于双元⾳音 英式写作/eɪ/ 如：may eight cake... / ɛ / ⼀一指⾳音、微笑⾳音 letter question / ɛ /⽐比/e/⼝口型稍宽 如：Ted help them sell seven egg /æ/三指⾳音 ⾆舌头下压 嘴巴张⼤大 bed vs. bad 如：that man cast at cat glance 蹦恰恰 /e/ / ɛ / /æ/ 练习： /e/ / ɛ / waste west date debt mate met /e/ /æ/ maid mad lake lack snake snack / ɪ / / ɛ / ⽐比较发⾳音的宽度 sit set tin ten listen lesson /u/与/ʊ/ 噘嘴⾳音 类似于/i/和/ɪ/ ⼀一个是紧张⾳音 ⼀一个是放松⾳音 练习： /u/fool lose rule through fruit... /ʊ/full book took good... /ɔ/和/o/ /ɔ/定型 英式写作/ɔ:/ /o/有移动有收缩 是双元⾳音 英式写作/əʊ/ 练习： /ɔ/ /o/ law low caught coat bought boat (gh字⺟母在单词中间都不不发⾳音 如：light weight taught...) /ɑ/ ⼤大啊⾳音 感叹⼤大好河⼭山 练习：calm scarf not problem sock ⼩小专题： 美式发⾳音的三个元⾳音的夸张化 ★英式⾳音标中的/ɔ:/，对应美式⾳音标中的/ɔ/ 写法不不同 读⾳音也稍有不不 同 如 talk cause taught ★英式⾳音标中发的/ɒ/或者/ɔ/的⾳音，在美式⾳音标中读成/ɑ/(英式⾳音标中 没有/ɑ/这个写法，只有/ɑː/） 练习：not hot problem scholarship opportunity body stop watch hospital box ★英式⾳音标⾥里里发/a: / 的⾳音在美式⾥里里常常都读/æ/ 练习：fast class last grasp 原因：英国⼈人⽐比较保守、含蓄；美国⼈人⽐比较热情、夸张 重度卷⾆舌⾳音与轻度卷⾆舌⾳音(记忆⽅方式：像 3是重度 像 2是轻度 注意： 英美式区别：英式没有卷⾆舌，美式卷） 练习： 重度卷⾆舌：bird girl work first nurse person thirsty thirty learn 轻度卷⾆舌：sister water brother mother banker never /ə/ 央元⾳音（不不前不不后适中的⾳音 所以发⾳音最舒服 不不费什什么⼒力力⽓气） 懒⼈人⾳音（可以偷懒的⾳音 如 at and... ) 练习：open today tonight ago famous /ʌ/⼩小啊⾳音 短促有⼒力力收⼩小腹 练习：cup but love... /ɑ/⼤大啊⾳音→/ʌ/⼩小啊⾳音 嘴型变⼩小 练习： /ɑ/ /ʌ/ not nut sock suck collar color 拯救五⾳音不不全的三⼤大步骤： 先天乐感的确有差异，但绝⼤大多数后天是可以矫正的！ （1）找原因 五⾳音不不全？ 与听⼒力力、记忆⼒力力、⽓气息有关 唱歌是有技巧的 Q: 是否跟着原唱哼唱了了⼆二三⼗十遍？ （2）提感知 ①练习听⼒力力/记忆⼒力力 听歌词 ②训练节奏感 推荐：节奏⼤大师 ⾃自⼰己听着歌敲桌⼦子或者踩脚 拍 （3）练⽓气声 练习⽓气息 合理理发声 提升⽓气息稳定性、练习腹部⼒力力量量的⼩小 tips: “两点⼀一线” ①坐直，找到丹丹⽥田（横膈膜：肚脐眼以下三个⼿手指头的位置） ②找喉结的部位 ③深吸⼀一⼝口⽓气，喊“ma” 保持⽓气息平稳，像⼀一条线⼀一直送出去，不不要停，在快没⽓气的 时候，会感受到是丹丹⽥田的位置在⽀支撑着，那⾥里里会酸酸的，同 时会感到腰后部有⼀一个推动的感觉 唱歌时⽛牙关⼀一定要打开，要想象⾃自⼰己是个⼩小⾳音箱，嘴巴是个 ⼩小喇喇叭，这样声⾳音就会更更加洪亮顺畅地发出来 ⾖豆瓣 9.4分,IMDb 9.1分！！！ ⽪皮克斯（PIXAR） 凭着《COCO（寻梦环游记）》票房逆袭， 重回巅峰，⽬目前预计票房 4.8亿。 观众的⼝口⼝口相传，使电影上映之后，⼝口碑碑炸裂，排⽚片与⽇日俱 增，票房也⽔水涨船⾼高。该⽚片充满着浓郁的墨墨⻄西哥⻛风情，伴随 着亡灵世界的世界观设定，Remember me的旋律律贯穿整个剧 情。 Remember me Though I have to say goodbye Remember me Don't let it make you cry 请记住我 尽管今⽇日就要话别离 请记住我 不不要为此伤⼼心哭泣 For even if I'm far away I hold you in my heart I sing a secret song to you each night we are apart 纵使相隔千万⾥里里 我⼼心仍与你紧紧相依 为你献唱⼼心⾥里里的歌曲 在每⼀一个分别的夜⾥里里 Remember me Though I have to travel far Remember me 
 Each time you hear a sad guitar 请记住我 虽然我要远⾏行行 记住我 每当你听⻅见悲伤的吉他声 Know that I'm with you the only way that I can be Until you're in my arms again
 Remember me 那是我在陪伴你，这份守候是我的唯⼀一 直到你再次依偎在我的双臂 请把我铭记 失爆 失爆（完全失爆）：爆破音+爆破音 不完全失爆 ：爆破音＋非爆破音 练习： football popcorn active handbag September October lecture hold my hand wake me up like we did She said goodbye and left. They take good care of my children. 要点： why 提升语速 how 有气也给我憋着 重读 重要性：让别人听懂说话人想传达的意思 口诀： 单词内：名/形前动后 句子内：名词＞修饰名词的形容词＞修饰形容词的副词 弱读 ·弱读的三大规律： ①大量的弱读元音都和这个央音[ə]有关。甚至有些元音直接被弱读为[ə]，非常模糊，非常轻的声音。 如：have to for ②如果单词发长音，其弱读形式一般变成相应短音 如：me been be ③在语流很快时，或者可以缩略的单词中，常常只出现辅音 如：and but what ·什么时候弱读？ 通常情况下，句子中的虚词（没有实际含义只起语法作用的功能词，如冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、情态动词、wh 开头的单词）也叫结构词或语法词（grammar words）都要弱读。 补充：7Hs: have has had he his him her ·常见弱读单词： ·练习句子： I have bread and peanut butter for breakfast. He had an accident. We're at home. I'll see you at lunch You've got to pay to get it. Don't jump to conclusions. This is for you. See you. /See ya. 缩读 ·为什么要缩读？什么条件下缩读？ 把习惯性连读的组合以约定俗成形式固定下来，便于快速、准确的读写表达、省心省力。在非正式场合才缩读。 ·常见习惯性缩读与缩写分类 一、to缩读、缩写系列： 1） got to=gotta 2） going to=gonna。 同理得： Used to = usta; Has to = hasta; Have to = hafta ; Want to = wanna; Going to = gonna;Need to = needa; Ought to = oughta ; Supposed to = supposta ;...... 二、of缩读系列： 1）kind of━[kand][v]━直接连读[kandv]━美式省音连读[kandv]（v在词尾省音）━[kand]与kinda同音━最后习惯将kind of缩写为 kinda 同理有： Sort of = sorta ； Out of = outta ；Lots of = lotsa； Much of = mucha； Cup of = cuppa ；...... 三、have缩读系列： Would have━[wd , wd] [hv , hv]━省音连读弱读 ：[wdv]━[v]在词尾省音[wd]━[wd]与 woulda 同音━最后习惯将Would have缩写为woulda Might have = mighta ； Must have = musta ； Should have = shoulda ；Could have = coulda ；...... 四、not否定缩读系列： Isn't it? ━[znt] [t] ━省音连读━[zntt] ━省音连读[nt]━[nt]与 innit 同音━最后习惯将Isn't it缩写为 innit。 Isn't = ain't ；Haven't = ain't ； ain't=is not, are not,have not, has not, will not (推荐：Defeated It’s My Life 7 rings) Shouldn't have = shouldna； Couldn't have = couldna； Don't know = dunno； Mightn't have = mightna； Don't you = dontcha ；Won't you = wontcha； Must not have = mussna。（注意它们的变音连读） I found a love for me Oh, darling, just dive right in and follow my lead Well, I found a girl, beautiful and sweet Oh, I never knew you were the someone waiting for me 'Cause we were just kids when we fell in love Not knowing what it was I will not give you up this time But darling, just kiss me slow, your heart is all I own And in your eyes, you're holding mine Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, listening to our favorite song When you said you looked a mess I whispered underneath my breath But you heard it, darling, you look perfect tonight Well I found a man, stronger than anyone I know He shares my dreams, I hope that someday I‘ll share our home I found a love, to carry more than just my secrets To carry love, to carry children of our own We are still kids, but we so in love Fighting against all odds I know we'll be alright this time Darling, just hold my hand Be my girl, I'll be your man I see my future in your eyes Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, listening to our favorite song When I saw you in that dress, looking so beautiful I don't deserve this, darling you look perfect tonight Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, listening to our favorite song I have faith in what I see Now I know I have met an angel in person And she looks perfect, I don't deserve this You look perfect tonight 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 美式发音课程 总复习 爱莉安娜·格兰德（Ariana Grande） *1993年 *美国新生代女歌手、演员。 （来自于Ariana与闺蜜疯狂的举动，那天她一口气买下了7个戒指，送给了自己和六个闺蜜，并在当天下午写出了该曲。Ariana认为有无男朋友并不重要，因为她依旧有爱她的闺蜜们陪在她身边，也能凭自己得到自己想要的一切。） [Part 1] Yeah, breakfast at Tiffany's and bottles of bubbles Girls with tattoos who like getting in trouble Lashes and diamonds, ATM machines Buy myself all of my favorite things (Yeah) [Part 1] Been through some bad shit, I should be a sad bitch Who woulda thought it'd turn me to a savage? Rather be tied up with calls and not strings Write my own checks like I write what I sing, yeah (Yeah) 该曲第一部分的旋律采用了电影《音乐之声》中的插曲《My Favourite Things》 注意喉塞音 [Part 2] My wrist, stop watchin', my neck is flossin' Make big deposits, my gloss is poppin' You like my hair？Gee, thanks, just bought it I see it, I like it, I want it, I got it (Yeah) [Part 3] Wearing a ring, but ain't gon' be no “Mrs.” By matching diamonds for six of my bitches I rather spoil of my friends with my riches Think retail therapy my new addiction [Part 3] Whoever said money can't solve your problems Must not have had enough money to solve them They say “Which one?” I say “ Nah, I want all of them” Happiness is the same price as red bottoms [Part 4] Yeah, my receipts be lookin' like phone numbers If it ain't money then wrong number Black card is my business card The way it be settin' the tone for me I don't mean to brag but I be like "Put it in the bag" yeah When you see them racks they stacked up like my ass yeah Shoot go from the store to the booth Make it all back in one loop give me the loot Never mind I got the juice Nothing but net when we shoot Look at my neck look at my jet Ain't got enough money to pay me respect Ain't no budget when I'm on the set If I like it then that's what I get (yeah) 元音 连读 发音 发音规则 辅音 失爆 重读 弱读 缩读 5 t /i/ 字母e, 字母组合ee, ea, ie, ei, ey.... 如：me he sheep keep sea pea believe relieve receive key /ɪ/ 字母i , 非重读音节的y和e 如：it is this bicycle repeat ticket / ɛ/ 字母e 和字母组合ea 如：get bet net pleasure health heaven /æ/ 重读闭音节的字母a 如：apple family banana /ə/ 非重读音节中，常见字母a, e, o, u 如：about banana open president today second industry support /ʌ/ 字母o, u, 字母组合oo,ou 如：color cut but blood enough touch /a/ 字母o al在f或m前 r前面 如：not problem calm palm park party /ɔ/ 字母组合aw au ou al .... 如：law cause taught fought brought /u/ 字母组合oo大多数情况下 字母o, u 字母组合ew ui oe ou 如：school fool zoo lose movie rule pollute chew threw jewel fruit juice shoes group soup /ʊ/ oo在k或d前 如：book look took good 元音 连读 发音 发音规则 辅音 失爆 重读 弱读 缩读 5 t 连读（1）辅元连读（2）辅辅连读（3）元元连读（4）击穿连读（5）同化 （6）浊化 （5）同化① /t/+/j/ →/tʃ/如：want you catch you ② /d/+/j/ →/dʒ/如：need you would you could you ③ /s/+/j/ → /ʃ/ 如：miss you this year ④ /z/+/j/ →/ʒ/ 如：What brings you here? I‘m not gonna lose you again? 小专题：t的5种常见发音 1）清辅音 [t] 如：task ten taxi 2）不送气清辅音 [t] 如：student study 3）喉塞音（Glottal stop） 以 -tain,-tant, -ten,-ton 结尾的单词 如：button Britain certain cotton 4）闪音 [t]（Flapped t) ①两个元音之间 如：bottom eating ②l前面的t 如：little cattle ③r＋t+元音 如：party mortal 5）不发音的 t (t 在字母 n 之后) 如：advantages interview 元音 连读 发音 发音规则 辅音 失爆 重读 弱读 缩读 5 t 失爆 “有气也给我憋着” 重读 句子内：名词＞修饰名词的形容词＞修饰形容词的副词 弱读 弱读的三大规律： ①央元音[ə] 如：have to for ②长音→短音 如：me been be ③辅音（语流很快或可以缩略的单词）如：and but what 缩读 to of have not 英语学习方法分享 单词：单词书＞记单词app 听力：泛听与精听结合 写作：英文原著 外刊精读 THANKS $$ Wake Me up When September Ends Green Day （一）① Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Like my fathers come to pass Seven years has gone so fast Wake me up when September ends （一）② Here comes the rain again Falling from the stars Drenched in my pain again Becoming who we are As my memory rests But never forgets what I lost Wake me up when September ends （二）① Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Ring out the bells again Like we did when spring began Wake me up when September ends （二）② 同（一）② Here comes the rain again Falling from the stars Drenched in my pain again Becoming who we are As my memory rests But never forgets what I lost Wake me up when September ends （三） Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Like my fathers come to pass Seven years has gone so fast Wake me up when September ends ×3 练习气息的小tips: ＊站着比坐着唱歌的气息流动和呼吸更顺畅 ＊吸气，发“嘶”，秒表计算，10s、20s、30s..... 练习10-15mins/day ＊吸气，发“嘶”，打开手机录音功能，看上下摆动的幅度是否大概一致 ＊吸气，上下嘴唇发类似“嘟”的声音，每次3-5组 提示：坚持 T H A N K S The waves beside them danced; but they  Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: A poet could not but be gay The waves beside them danced $$ 二、双元音：（8个） /aɪ/ /e/（英式/eɪ/） /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /ɛə/ /ʊə/ /aʊ/ /o/（英式/əʊ/） 双元音发音特点： 有头尾 有滑动 前强后弱 发音特饱满 /aɪ/ hi shy shine wild try by fly nine cry while sky /e/（英式/eɪ/）应答音、微笑音 main laid rain lay day may eight same hate neighbor gate /ɔɪ/ boy joy enjoy toy voice coin join /ɪə/ area idea /ɛə/ air repair hair pair dare care share /ʊə/ sure poor moor tour surely /aʊ/ out how now about cow crowd /o/（英式/əʊ/） boat coat ghost grow to goat 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 歌曲教唱： 7 Rings [Part 1] Yeah, breakfast at Tiffany's and bottles of bubbles Girls with tattoos who like getting in trouble Lashes and diamonds, ATM machines Buy myself all of my favorite things (Yeah) Been through some bad shit, I should be a sad bitch Who woulda thought it'd turn me to a savage? Rather be tied up with calls and not strings Write my own checks like I write what I sing, yeah (Yeah) [Part 2] My wrist stop watchin' my neck is flossin' Make big deposits my gloss is poppin' You like my hair Gee thanks just bought it I see it I like it I want it I got it (Yeah) [Part 3] Wearing a ring but ain't gon' be no “Mrs.” By matching diamonds for six of my bitches I rather spoil of my friends with my riches Think retail therapy my new addiction Whoever said money can't solve your problem Must not have had enough money to solve them They say “Which one” I say I want all of them Happiness is the same price as red bottoms [Part 4] Yeah, my receipts be lookin' like phone numbers If it ain't money then wrong number Black card is my business card The way it be settin' the tone for me I don't mean to brag but I be like "Put it in the bag" yeah When you see them racks they stacked up like my ass yeah Shoot go from the store to the booth Make it all back in one loop give me the loot Never mind I got the juice Nothing but net when we shoot Look at my neck look at my jet Ain't got enough money to pay me respect Ain't no budget when I'm on the set If I like it then that's what I get (yeah) 音标与发音规则汇总 音标 元音 辅音 发音规则汇总 连读 （1）辅元连读 （2）辅辅连读 （3）元元连读 （4）击穿连读 （5）同化 ① /t/+/j/ →/tʃ/ 如：want you catch you what (are) you doing? Nice to meet you. ② /d/+/j/ →/dʒ/ 如：need you would you could you How did you like it? ③ /s/+/j/ → /ʃ/ 如：miss you this year I guess you’re right. ④ /z/+/j/ →/ʒ/ 如：What brings you here? I‘m not gonna lose you again? （6） 浊化 小专题：t的5种常见发音 1）清辅音 [t] 如：task Ted took ten taxi 2）不送气清辅音 [t] 如: student study stomach stun sky 3）喉塞音（Glottal stop） t 在字母 n 之前被 hold 住，以 -tain,-tant, -ten,-ton 结尾的单词，也就是喉塞音（Glottal stop）。也被称作 silent[t]、stop[t]，发音时先是清音[t]，其次舌头继续紧贴上颚，气流被舌头阻碍，喉部继续振动发音。 如：button Britain certain cotton 4）闪音 [t]（Flapped t) ①两个元音之间 如：bottom eating native later waiter water daughter better battery letter flatter break out get up not at all out of a lot of ②l前面的t 如：little cattle startle ③r和元音之间的t 如：party mortal 重读音节的t不发闪音 如：attack Italian 闪音练习：Put all the data in the computer. /d/也有闪音的情况 规律：d在两个元音之间 d在l之前 如：already editor ladder meddle middle add on made it 注意：d重度音节前也不闪 如：adopt adore 5）不发音的 t t 在字母 n 之后不发音，由于[t]和[n]在口腔中的位置非常接近，[t] 可以直接略过，不发音，只发后面字母 n 的音。 如：advantages center dentist plenty quantity twenty international interview Santa Claus She's at the international center. 失爆 “有气也给我憋着” 重读 句子内：名词＞修饰名词的形容词＞修饰形容词的副词 弱读 弱读的三大规律： ①央元音[ə] 如：have to for ②长音→短音 如：me been be ③辅音（语流很快或可以缩略的单词） 如：and but what 缩读 to of have not 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 三、辅音（28个） 爆破音：/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ 摩擦音：/f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /h/ /r/ 破擦音：/tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/ 鼻 音：/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ 舌侧音：/l/ 半元音：/j/ /w/ 辅音发音特点：轻 纯 发音技巧：大声——逐渐小声 / 先憋一口气再发出来 🔱爆破音：发音器官（唇、齿、舌）在口腔形成阻碍，然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音 /p/ /b/ 练习： peak rapid cap rope gap path Is this your pack? beak rabbit cab robe gab bath Is this your back? /t / /d/ 舌头抵住上齿龈 憋一口气 再使气流冲出口腔 练习： tale title debt coat tear spite They burned the cart. dale tidal dead code dear spied They burned the card. /k/ /g/ 练习： cap leak tack clean I think it would be cold. gap league tag glean I think it would be gold. 复习6个爆破音 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ 🔱摩擦音：发音器官形成缝隙，气流从缝隙摩擦所发出 /f/ /v/ 上齿轻贴下唇发音 注意不是咬着外唇 而是内唇 ❌ ✅ 练习： fast leaf feel rifle belief first refuse vast leave veal rival believe versed reviews /s/ /z/ 对比英语音标与汉语拼音中的s 练习： seal lace sip ice base zeal lays zip eyes bays /θ/ /ð/ 咬舌音？ 别咬太多，一点点就好，不然加大舌头运动量，会导致交流过程慢一拍 标准发音：舌尖碰到上门牙内测和边缘 轻轻碰一下就好 练习： thief mouth three think that this those them with although south /ʃ/ /ʒ/ 噘嘴音 /ʃ/最大特点：噘嘴 与/s/舌位基本一致 不是“嘘”不是“日”也不是“西”也不是“衣” 发成“嘘”解决办法： 原因：虽然噘嘴，但是留出的口不够。 所以要把气流冲出来的口留大点 发成“日”的解决办法： 原因：北方人可能会用卷舌音来代替。 所以可以采用吸气的方法，感受一下凉气经过的准确位置，再发音 发成“西”或者“衣”解决办法： 原因：南方人发音容易抵住下齿发成“西”或者“衣” 解决办法：多次、大量去听这个音，靠耳朵辨音去模仿，多次感受舌位，不断去试错，最终会发出来 /ʃ/过渡到/ʒ/ ，清辅音变成浊辅音 /ʒ/为长音，不要发成短促的音 练习： pressure sheep passion push share pleasure treasure（搜火星哥Treasure） garage occasion /h/ 易错音：发成汉语里的“呵呵” 正确发音：没有伸舌头的小狗喘气音。 练习： heel anyhow heart childhood heard behind him /r/ 发音时，舌尖非常放松，不需要考虑任何的舌位和唇形问题，放松就好。 发音小窍门：/w/和/v/慢速合成发一个音→/r/ 练习： rain read red real right rise 复习10个摩擦音：/f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /h/ /r/ 🔱破擦音：由爆破音➕摩擦音组成 即先爆破后摩擦，两音结合，发成一个音 /tʃ/ /dʒ/ 噘嘴音 /tʃ/ 长音，不要发得太短促 /dʒ/ 在/tʃ/的基础上声带震动就好，也是长音 练习： chain batch searching choke Jane badge surging joke /tr/ /dr/ 噘嘴音 双唇稍稍突出，略成圆形 包含卷舌音，舌头要上卷 练习： try tray treat train treasure dry dream draw drive street Australia stride /ts/ /dz/ 练习： cats boats meets limits parts friends seconds adds reads Tongue twister: My parents put the seeds in the sands and hope the seeds grow buds. 复习6个破擦音 🔱鼻音：/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /m/双唇鼻辅音 双唇闭拢，气流从鼻腔出，声带震动 单词前、中 mice month member lemon 单词尾 some time same rhythm lamb /n/ 舌尖齿龈鼻辅音 舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流从鼻腔出，声带震动 发音关键点：舌尖一定要抵住上齿龈，把气流封住 单词前、中 nice night sunny nine dinner 单词尾 train rain sign mine one line design /ŋ/舌后软腭鼻辅音 舌后部抬起抵住下软腭，形成阻碍，气流从鼻腔出，声带震动 发音小技巧：想象要发/g/ 把音头去掉 与/n/不是互为清辅音的关系 单词：ink think anger sing long pink ring bang 复习3个鼻音 🔱舌侧音：/l/ 单词前、中 类似拼音中的（乐） 单词尾(dark l模糊的l) 舌尖抵住上齿龈 发“藕”的音 练习： line like letter hello holy allow alive little apple people school email feel Tongue twister: A little pill may well cure a great I'll. （舌头要灵活） 🔱半元音：/j/ /w/ 会出现在元音的连读里 半元音是辅音，却有元音的特性，所以既能连读，也能失去爆破 如：without you /j/ 不是字母中的j 不是“爷”也不是“杰” 双唇小而圆（含住吸管喝奶茶的嘴型那么小就行） 练习：you yet yes youth Yesterday a young woman yelled at her young boyfriend. /w/ 双唇小而微噘 练习： with work wall what word Tongue twister: How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? （一）① Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Like my fathers come to pass Seven years has gone so fast Wake me up when September ends ② Here comes the rain again Falling from the stars Drenched in my pain again Becoming who we are As my memory rests But never forgets what I lost Wake me up when September ends （二）① Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Ring out the bells again Like we did when spring began Wake me up when September ends ② Here comes the rain again Falling from the stars Drenched in my pain again Becoming who we are As my memory rests But never forgets what I lost Wake me up when September ends （三） Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Like my fathers come to pass Twenty years has gone so fast Wake me up when September ends ×3 练习气息的小tips: ＊站着比坐着唱歌的气息流动和呼吸更顺畅 ＊吸气，发“嘶”，秒表计算，10s、20s、30s..... 练习10-15mins/day ＊吸气，发“嘶”，打开手机录音功能，看上下摆动的幅度是否大概一致 ＊吸气，上下嘴唇发类似“嘟”的声音，每次3-5组 提示：坚持 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$三、辅⾳音（28个） 爆破⾳音：/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ 摩擦⾳音：/f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /h/ /r/ 破擦⾳音：/tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/ ⿐鼻 ⾳音：/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ ⾆舌侧⾳音：/l/ 半元⾳音：/j/ /w/ 辅⾳音发⾳音特点：轻 纯 发⾳音技巧：⼤大声——逐渐⼩小声 / 先憋⼀一⼝口⽓气再发出来 🔱 爆破⾳音：发⾳音器器官（唇、⻮齿、⾆舌）在⼝口腔形成阻碍，然 后⽓气流冲破阻碍⽽而发出的⾳音 /p/ /b/ 练习： peak rapid cap rope gap path Is this your pack? beak rabbit cab robe gab bath Is this your back? /t / /d/ ⾆舌头抵住上⻮齿龈 憋⼀一⼝口⽓气 再使⽓气流冲出⼝口腔 练习： tale title debt coat tear spite They burned the cart. dale tidal dead code dear spied They burned the card. /k/ /g/ 练习： cap leak tack clean I think it would be cold. gap league tag glean I think it would be gold. 复习 6个爆破⾳音 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ 🔱 摩擦⾳音：发⾳音器器官形成缝隙，⽓气流从缝隙摩擦所发出 /f/ /v/ 上⻮齿轻贴下唇发⾳音 注意不不是咬着外唇 ⽽而是内唇 ❌ ✅ 练习： fast leaf feel rifle belief first refuse vast leave veal rival believe versed reviews /s/ /z/ 对⽐比英语⾳音标与汉语拼⾳音中的 s 练习： seal lace sip ice base zeal lays zip eyes bays /θ/ /ð/ 咬⾆舌⾳音？ 别咬太多，⼀一点点就好，不不然加⼤大⾆舌头运动量量， 会导致交流过程慢⼀一拍 标准发⾳音：⾆舌尖碰到上⻔门⽛牙内测和边缘 轻轻碰⼀一下就好 练习： thief mouth three think that this those them with although south /ʃ/ /ʒ/ 噘嘴⾳音 /ʃ/ ⼤大特点：噘嘴 与/s/⾆舌位基本⼀一致 不不是“嘘”不不是“⽇日”也不不是“⻄西”也不不是“⾐衣” 发成“嘘”解决办法： 原因：虽然噘嘴，但是留留出的⼝口不不够。 所以要把⽓气流冲出来的⼝口留留⼤大点 发成“⽇日”的解决办法： 原因：北北⽅方⼈人可能会⽤用卷⾆舌⾳音来代替。 所以可以采⽤用吸⽓气的⽅方法，感受⼀一下凉⽓气经过的准确位置， 再发⾳音 发成“⻄西”或者“⾐衣”解决办法： 原因：南⽅方⼈人发⾳音容易易抵住下⻮齿发成“⻄西”或者“⾐衣” 解决办法：多次、⼤大量量去听这个⾳音，靠⽿耳朵辨⾳音去模仿， 多次感受⾆舌位，不不断去试错， 终会发出来 /ʃ/过渡到/ʒ/ ，清辅⾳音变成浊辅⾳音 /ʒ/为⻓长⾳音，不不要发成短促的⾳音 练习： pressure sheep passion push share pleasure treasure（搜⽕火星哥 Treasure） garage occasion /h/ 易易错⾳音：发成汉语⾥里里的“呵呵” 正确发⾳音：没有伸⾆舌头的⼩小狗喘⽓气⾳音。 练习： heel anyhow heart childhood heard behind him /r/ 发⾳音时，⾆舌尖⾮非常放松，不不需要考虑任何的⾆舌位和唇形问 题，放松就好。 发⾳音⼩小窍⻔门：/w/和/v/慢速合成发⼀一个⾳音→/r/ 练习： rain read red real right rise 复习 10个摩擦⾳音：/f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /h/ /r/ 🔱 破擦⾳音：由爆破⾳音 ➕ 摩擦⾳音组成 即先爆破后摩擦，两⾳音 结合，发成⼀一个⾳音 /tʃ/ /dʒ/ 噘嘴⾳音 /tʃ/ ⻓长⾳音，不不要发得太短促 /dʒ/ 在/tʃ/的基础上声带震动就好，也是⻓长⾳音 练习： chain batch searching choke Jane badge surging joke /tr/ /dr/ 噘嘴⾳音 双唇稍稍突出，略略成圆形 包含卷⾆舌⾳音，⾆舌头要上卷 练习： try tray treat train treasure dry dream draw drive street Australia stride /ts/ /dz/ 练习： cats boats meets limits parts friends seconds adds reads Tongue twister: My parents put the seeds in the sands and hope the seeds grow buds. 复习 6个破擦⾳音 🔱 ⿐鼻⾳音：/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /m/双唇⿐鼻辅⾳音 双唇闭拢，⽓气流从⿐鼻腔出，声带震动 单词前、中 mice month member lemon 单词尾 some time same rhythm lamb /n/ ⾆舌尖⻮齿龈⿐鼻辅⾳音 ⾆舌尖紧贴上⻮齿龈，形成阻碍，⽓气流从⿐鼻腔出，声带震动 发⾳音关键点：⾆舌尖⼀一定要抵住上⻮齿龈，把⽓气流封住 单词前、中 nice night sunny nine dinner 单词尾 train rain sign mine one line design /ŋ/⾆舌后软腭⿐鼻辅⾳音 ⾆舌后部抬起抵住下软腭，形成阻碍，⽓气流从⿐鼻腔出，声带 震动 发⾳音⼩小技巧：想象要发/g/ 把⾳音头去掉 与/n/不不是互为清辅⾳音的关系 单词：ink think anger sing long pink ring bang 复习 3个⿐鼻⾳音 🔱 ⾆舌侧⾳音：/l/ 单词前、中 类似拼⾳音中的（乐） 单词尾(dark l模糊的 l) ⾆舌尖抵住上⻮齿龈 发“藕”的⾳音 练习： line like letter hello holy allow alive little apple people school email feel Tongue twister: A little pill may well cure a great I'll. （⾆舌头要灵活） 🔱 半元⾳音：/j/ /w/ 会出现在元⾳音的连读⾥里里 半元⾳音是辅⾳音，却有元⾳音的特性，所以既能连读，也能失 去爆破 如：without you /j/ 不不是字⺟母中的 j 不不是“爷”也不不是“杰” 双唇⼩小⽽而圆（含住吸管喝喝奶茶的嘴型那么⼩小就⾏行行） 练习：you yet yes youth Yesterday a young woman yelled at her young boyfriend. /w/ 双唇⼩小⽽而微噘 练习： with work wall what word Tongue twister: How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? （⼀一）① Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Like my fathers come to pass Seven years has gone so fast Wake me up when September ends ② Here comes the rain again Falling from the stars Drenched in my pain again Becoming who we are As my memory rests But never forgets what I lost Wake me up when September ends （⼆二）① Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Ring out the bells again Like we did when spring began Wake me up when September ends ② Here comes the rain again Falling from the stars Drenched in my pain again Becoming who we are As my memory rests But never forgets what I lost Wake me up when September ends （三） Summer has come and passed The innocent can never last Wake me up when September ends Like my fathers come to pass Twenty years has gone so fast Wake me up when September ends ×3 连读的意义 连读是语调中非常重要的一个组成因素。而语调是让别人更好听懂更好理解的一个途径。因为语调涉及的内容太多，所以今天只讲连读。 这些你会读吗？ * Let me have a look at it. * I called you half an hour ago. * Put it on, please. * It’s an old book. * Not at all. * Please tell her that I’ll be there on time. * Would you like a cup of coffee? 连读规则汇总 （1）辅元连读 （2）辅辅连读 （3）元元连读 （4）击穿连读 （5）同化 （6）浊化 （1） 辅元连读 前词以辅音结尾，后词以元音开头，则把前辅后元读成一个音节 如： fill in name is because I hold on for an hour turn over LA I’ll be back in half an hour. （2） 辅辅连读（也可理解成失去爆破） 前词结尾与后词开头是同一个辅音，则只读一个 如： first time last time second day （3） 元元连读 （嘴型记忆） ①前词以元音/i/或/ɪ/结尾如：/i/ /ɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /e/（英式/eɪ/）,后词以任何一个元音开头，则在两个单词之间加一个微弱的/j/ 如： I am he is I asked she always Don’t worry about it. I’m sorry about the accident. ②前词以元音/u/或/ʊ/结尾如：/u/ /ʊ/ /aʊ/ /o/(/əʊ/) ，后词以任何一个元音开头，则在两个单词之间加一个微弱的/w/ 如： cooperate how about go anywhere Just do it. My heart will go on. （4） 击穿连读 如果前一个单词以辅音音素结尾，后一个单词以辅音音素/ h / 开头，语速较快时，直接穿透/ h / 与后面的元音发生连读。 7 Hs: he his him her have has had 如： leave him tell her kiss her for him （5） 同化 (“恋爱三部曲”) ① /t/+/j/ →/tʃ/ 如：want you catch you what (are) you doing? Nice to meet you. ② /d/+/j/ →/dʒ/ 如：need you would you could you How did you like it? ③ /s/+/j/ → /ʃ/ 如：miss you this year I guess you’re right. ④ /z/+/j/ →/ʒ/ 如：What brings you here? I‘m not gonna lose you again? （6）浊化 元+辅+元 如： It isn’t break out start over put up not at all lost and found office stopped outside 补充： 小专题：t的5种常见发音 试读：eaten eating button bottom * 清辅音 [t] 单词开头或重读音节中的 t 发原来的音清音[t]的发音，舌尖贴上齿龈，口型很小，发音轻快。 如：task Ted took ten taxi * 不送气清辅音 [t] 不送气清音 [t] 常在 s 后面见到，舌位和清音 [t] 一样，但是不送气，发音类似 [d]。 如: student study stomach stun sky * 喉塞音（Glottal stop） t 在字母 n 之前被 hold 住，以 -tain,-tant, -ten,-ton 结尾的单词，也就是喉塞音（Glottal stop）。也被称作 silent[t]、stop[t]，发音时先是清音[t]，其次舌头继续紧贴上颚，气流被舌头阻碍，喉部继续振动发音。 如：button Britain certain cotton forgotten frighten gotten mountain written important She's certain that he has written it. * 闪音 [t]（Flapped t) t 在单词中间，为了连贯读音，常快速闪过，即闪音 [t]，就是我们常说的 flapped[t]，也叫 fast[d]，quick[d]。发音时舌头只会跟上颚接触一点点，连上门牙都不会碰到，单纯的和上颚摩擦出气, 快速在上颚闪过，有一种一闪而过的感觉。 ①两个元音之间 如：bottom eating native later waiter water daughter better battery letter flatter break out get up not at all out of a lot of ②l前面的t 如：little cattle startle ③r和元音之间的t 如：party mortal ④重读音节的t不发闪音 如：attack Italian 闪音练习：Put all the data in the computer. /d/也有闪音的情况 规律：d在两个元音之间 d在l之前 如：already editor ladder meddle middle add on made it 注意：d重度音节前也不闪 如：adopt adore * 不发音的 t t 在字母 n 之后不发音，由于[t]和[n]在口腔中的位置非常接近，[t] 可以直接略过，不发音，只发后面字母 n 的音。 如：advantages center dentist plenty quantity twenty international interview Santa Claus She's at the international center. • Betty bought ‿a bit ‿of bitter butter. Betty flapped [t] 闪音，舌尖快速击打上颚 bought flapped [t] 闪音与 a[ə] 连读 bit flapped [t] 闪音与 of [əv] 连读 bitter flapped [t] 闪音，舌尖快速击打上颚 butter flapped [t] 闪音，舌尖快速击打上颚 • Sometimes things happen that‿ are just‿ out‿ of your control. that are flapped [t] 闪音 与弱读的 are [ər] 连读 out of flapped [t] 闪音与 of [əv] 连读 举一反三 It took Tim ten times to try the telephone. Control your tears. He had a great interview. She's at the international center. Get a better water heater. Patty ought to write a better letter. Pat was quite right, wasn't she? She hit the hot hut with her hat. They don't even want it? Martin has gotten a kitten. The frightened witness had forgotten the important written messege. 注意： 当短语或者从句按照意群进行停顿的时候，意群和意群之间连接的两个单词可以不连读。 如：She opened the door and walked in. (door和and可以不连读) Perfect Duet I found a love for me Oh, darling, just dive right in and follow my lead Well, I found a girl, beautiful and sweet Oh, I never knew you were the someone waiting for me 'Cause we were just kids when we fall in love Not knowing what it was I will not give you up this time But darling, just kiss me slow, your heart is all I own And in your eyes, you're holding mine Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, listening to our favorite song When you said you looked a mess I whispered underneath my breath But you heard it, darling, you look perfect tonight Well I found a man, stronger than anyone I know He shares my dreams, I hope that someday I‘ll share our home I found a love, to carry more than just my secrets To carry love, to carry children of our own We are still kids, but we so in love Fighting against all odds I know we'll be alright this time Darling, just hold my hand Be my girl, I'll be your man I see my future in your eyes Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, listening to our favorite song When I saw you in that dress, looking so beautiful I don't deserve this, darling you look perfect tonight Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, listening to our favorite song I have faith in what I see Now I know I have met an angel in person And she looks perfect, I don't deserve this You look perfect tonight 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 连读规则汇总 BY NANCY 1 这些你会读吗？ * Let me have a look at it. * I called you half an hour ago. * Put it on, please. * It’s an old book. * Not at all. * Please tell her that I’ll be there on time. * Would you like a cup of coffee? 2 连读的作用与意义 语速更快 连读是语调中非常重要的一个组成因素。而语调是让别人更好听懂更好理解的一个途径。因为语调涉及的内容太多，所以今天只讲连读。 3 CONTENTS 目录 （1）辅元连读 （2）辅辅连读 （3）元元连读 （4）击穿连读 （5）同化规则 （6）浊化规则 4 （1）辅元连读 前词以辅音结尾，后词以元音开头，则把前辅后元读成一个音节 如： fill in name is because I hold on for an hour turn over LA I’ll be back in half an hour. 5 （2）辅辅连读 也可理解成失去爆破 前词结尾与后词开头是同一个辅音，则只读一个 如： first time last time second day 6 （3）元元连读 （嘴型记忆） ①前词以元音/i/或/ɪ/结尾如：/i/ /ɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /e/（英式/eɪ/）,后词以任何一个元音开头，则在两个单词之间加一个微弱的/j/ 如： I am he is I asked she always Don’t worry about it. I’m sorry about the accident. 7 ②前词以元音/u/或/ʊ/结尾如：/u/ /ʊ/ /aʊ/ /o/ (英式/əʊ/) ，后词以任何一个元音开头，则在两个单词之间加一个微弱的/w/ 如： cooperate how about go anywhere Just do it. My heart will go on. 8 （4）击穿连读 如果前一个单词以辅音音素结尾，后一个单词以辅音音素/ h / 开头，语速较快时，直接穿透/ h / 与后面的元音发生连读。 7 Hs: he his him her have has had 如： leave him tell her kiss her for him 9 （5）同化 (“恋爱三部曲”) ① /t/+/j/ →/tʃ/ 如：want you catch you what (are) you doing? Nice to meet you. ② /d/+/j/ →/dʒ/ 如：need you would you could you How did you like it? ③ /s/+/j/ → /ʃ/ 如：miss you this year I guess you’re right. ④ /z/+/j/ →/ʒ/ 如：What brings you here? I‘m not gonna lose you again. 10 （6）“元+辅+元”浊化 如： It isn’t break out start over put up not at all lost and found office stopped outside 补充： 小专题：t的5种常见发音 试读：eaten eating button bottom 11 12 13 * 清辅音 [t] 单词开头或重读音节中的 t 发原来的音清音[t]的发音，舌尖贴上齿龈，口型很小，发音轻快。 如：task Ted took ten taxi * 不送气清辅音 [t] 不送气清音 [t] 常在 s 后面见到，舌位和清音 [t] 一样，但是不送气，发音类似 [d]。 如: student study stomach stun sky 14 * 喉塞音（Glottal stop） t 在字母 n 之前被 hold 住，以 -tain,-tant, -ten,-ton 结尾的单词，也就是喉塞音（Glottal stop）。也被称作 silent[t]、stop[t]，发音时先是清音[t]，其次舌头继续紧贴上颚，气流被舌头阻碍，喉部继续振动发音。 如：Britain certain mountain important forgotten frighten gotten written button cotton mutton glutton She's certain that he has written it. 15 * 闪音 [t]（Flapped t) [t] 在单词中间，为了连贯读音，常快速闪过，即闪音 [t]，就是我们常说的 flapped[t]，也叫 fast[d]，quick[d]。发音时舌头只会跟上颚接触一点点，连上门牙都不会碰到，单纯的和上颚摩擦出气, 快速在上颚闪过，有一种一闪而过的感觉。 如：eating bottom not at all get up 16 ① 两个元音之间 如：bottom better battery daughter eating flatter letter later native waiter water break out get up not at all out of a lot of ② 顶舌音[l] 前面的[t] 如：little cattle startle ③ [r]和元音之间的[t] 如：party mortal 注意：重读音节的[t]不发闪音 如：attack Italian 闪音练习：Put all the data in the computer. 17 [d]也有闪音的情况 规律：[d]在两个元音之间 [d]在顶舌音/l/之前 如：already editor ladder meddle middle add on made it 注意：重读音节的[d]前也不闪 如：adopt adore 18 * 不发音的 [t] t 在字母 n 之后不发音，由于[t]和[n]在口腔中的位置非常接近，[t] 可以直接略过，不发音，只发后面字母 n 的音。 如：advantages center dentist plenty quantity twenty international interview Santa Claus She's at the international center. 19 20 • Betty bought ‿a bit ‿of bitter butter. Betty flapped [t] 闪音，舌尖快速击打上颚 bought flapped [t] 闪音与 a[ə] 连读 bit flapped [t] 闪音与 of [əv] 连读 bitter flapped [t] 闪音，舌尖快速击打上颚 butter flapped [t] 闪音，舌尖快速击打上颚 21 • Sometimes things happen that‿ are just‿ out‿ of your control. that are flapped [t] 闪音 与弱读的 are [ər] 连读 out of flapped [t] 闪音与 of [əv] 连读 22 举一反三 It took Tim ten times to try the telephone. He had a great interview. She's at the international center. Get a better water heater. Patty ought to write a better letter. They don't even want it ? 23 Pat was quite right, wasn't she? She hit the hot hut with her hat. Martin has gotten a kitten. The frightened witness had forgotten the important written messege. 24 注意： 当短语或者从句按照意群进行停顿的时候，意群和意群之间连接的两个单词可以不连读。 如：She opened the door and walked in. (door和and可以不连读) 25 26 I found a love for me Oh, darling, just dive right in and follow my lead Well, I found a girl, beautiful and sweet Oh, I never knew you were the someone waiting for me 27 'Cause we were just kids when we fell in love Not knowing what it was I will not give you up this time But darling, just kiss me slow, your heart is all I own And in your eyes, you're holding mine 28 29 Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, we're listening to our favorite song When you said you looked a mess I whispered underneath my breath But you heard it, darling, you look perfect tonight 30 31 Well I found a man，stronger than anyone I know He shares my dreams, I hope that someday I‘ll share our home I found a love, to carry more than just my secrets To carry love, to carry children of our own 32 We are still kids, but we so in love Fighting against all odds I know we'll be alright this time Darling, just hold my hand Be your girl, you'll be my man I see my future in your eyes 33 Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, listening to our favorite song When I saw you in that dress, looking so beautiful I don't deserve this, darling you look perfect tonight 34 35 Baby, I'm dancing in the dark with you between my arms Barefoot on the grass, we're listening to our favorite song I have faith in what I see Now I know I have met an angel in person And she looks perfect, I don't deserve this You look perfect tonight 36 37 感谢各位支持 38 $$