2025年中考英语语法复习课件之介词

By Daisy Nie preposition 介词 永城四中 九11班 Lovely school 什么是介词？ 介词(preposition)是一种虚词，用于连接名词，代词或动名词与其它句子成分，表达它们之间的关系，如方位，时间，方式等。 介词常位于名词之前，在句中可做状语，表语，补语，定语或介词宾语。 She goes to school by bike. This gift is for you. He is afraid of flying. 名词 代词 动名词 方位介词 in on by at to over under across through... 时间介词 in on at before after since for from 方式介词 in with by on through 一 二 三 四 其它介词 of for against with without besides like as... CONTENTS 介词分类 一 方位介词 表示地点与位置的介词 第1章 1.on, over, above, below和under的区别 介词和用法 拓展 强调“正上方” ⁠ ⁠ over和above均可表示“超过，多于”，above多用于数量、年龄、温度等情况，如：Temperatures will not rise above zero tonight. below还可以表示“(数量)少于；(标准)低于”，如：The temperatures remained below zero all day. under还可以表示“少于；小于；比……年轻”。如：Nobody under 18 is allowed to enter the competition. 2.1 in和at表示地点时的区别 in＋大地方，如：in Guangzhou, China；at＋小地方，如：at home; at the airport Tips：at还可以表示“在……旁边”，如：sit at the table。 2.2 in, on和to表示相对位置时的区别 3.by, beside和near的区别 by “在……旁边” a house by the river beside “在旁边(或附近)”，相当于next to He sat beside her. near “在……附近；靠近” Do you live near here？ 4.其他表示方位的介词 in front of in the front of behind between among along against opposite/across from around/round 指在物体外部的前面 指在物体内的前部 在……后面 “在……中间”，一般指两者之间，常与and连用 “在……之间”，一般用于三者或三者以上 沿着 倚；紧靠；碰；撞 在……对面 围绕；环绕 (　B)1.(2023内江改编)The library is   ⁠ our school.To get there, we just need to cross the street. A．in front of B．opposite C．between D．past ( B )2.Vincent sometimes sits   ⁠ the river and listens to music. A．on B．by C．over D．under ( C )3.(2023日照改编)Another bridge is going to be built   ⁠ the river this year. A．past B．through C．across D．under ( A )4. I grow up ____ Shanghai, China. A．in B．at C．on D．to B B C A 二 时间介词 表示时间的介词 第2章 1．at, on和in的区别 at 多用于具体时间点 at 9 o'clock; at noon on (1)表示具体某天； (2)用于具体某天的上午、下午、晚上以及其前有形容词修饰的上午、下午、晚上 on May 1st; on a cold night in (1)后接上午、下午、晚上 (2)用于月、年、季节等较长的一段时间 (3)指年龄 in the morning; in 1989, in spring; in his twenties 2.before, after和in的区别 before 表示“在……以前” before five o'clock; before Friday after 表示“在……以后” She will come after Sunday. in 表示“在……以后”，其后接时间段 She will be back in two weeks/months/years. 3.since, for和from的区别 since & for since表示“自从……以来”，后接时间点；for表示“持续一段时间”，后接时间段。两者常与完成时连用 I have been in China since last year.＝I have been in China for one year. from 常用结构from... to...，表示“从……到……” I go to school from Monday to Friday. 4．其他表示时间的介词 during “在……期间” during the winter holiday by “不迟于”，后常接时间点，表示动作的完成 I will finish the work by Friday. until/till “直到……为止”； not...until/till“直到……才” ①I'll stay here till 11 o'clock. ②We didn't leave until 9 p.m. since　on　for　during　in 1． 　On 　 ⁠ a cold morning, I opened the window and was glad to find that it was snowing outside. 2．(2023绍兴)Tom made lots of friends  　during 　 ⁠ his life as a student. On 　 during 　 3．We've lived here  　since 　 ⁠ 2004. 4．We will say goodbye to our junior high  　in 　 ⁠ about 70 days.How time flies! 5．He has learned French  　for 　 ⁠ only one year, but he can speak it well. since 　 in 　 for 　 ►►单句训练 三 方式介词 表示方式、手段或工具的介词 第3章 1．in, with, by, on和through表示“用”的区别 in “用”后接表示语言、颜色、材料等的名词 in English; in ink(用墨水); color the cloth in red(把布染红) with “用”后接表示具体的手段与工具等的名词 He hit my window with a stone.(with和stone中间有冠词a) by “通过”表示用某种方式或手段 注：一般情况下用“by＋表示交通工具的单数名词”来表示“乘坐/骑……”。 by hand; make a living by fishing(打鱼谋生) through 表示“通过；凭借” He became rich through hard work. (　B　)1.More and more people in our city choose to go to work   ⁠ underground. A．in B．by C．with D．through ( D )2.—How do you relax in your free time? —  ⁠ doing sports and listening to music. A．At B．On C．In D．By ( A )3.(2023新疆改编)It is good table manners to pick up food   ⁠ serving chopsticks. A．with B．in C．by D．on ( B )4.This story is   ⁠ simple English.My little sister can read it. A．on B．in C．with D．by B D A B 四 其它介词 其它常见介词 第4章 It's＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth. 当形容词用来修饰人时用of It's very nice of you to help me. It's＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth. 当形容词用来修饰不定式时用for It's very hard for him to study two languages. against Are you for or against the plan? 你赞成还是反对这个计划？ for with China is a country with a long history. without Fish will die without water. 表示“反对；与……相反；违反” 表示“赞成” 表示“和……一起；具有……” 表示“没有”，与with 相反 like He ran like the wind. as work as an engineer about The film is about friendship. including Six people were killed, including a kid. toward(s) She had her back towards me. from I'm from Italy. 像，与……相似；……怎么样；例如 作为；以……身份 关于；大约 包括……在内 朝；向；对着；关于 来自；出自(表示来源) against include except of like 1．(2023眉山改编)I'm crazy about folk stories  　like 　 ⁠ Yu Gong Moves the Mountains and Hou Yi Shoots the Suns. 2．(2023广安改编)Deng Yaping has won many competitions,  　including 　 ⁠ four gold medals in the Olympics. 3．(2023浙江)It is our duty to protect the forest  　against 　 ⁠ fires. 4．All the students have gone to the science museum  　except 　 ⁠ Tom, because he is ill. 5．It's very kind  　of 　 ⁠ you to lend me your reusable shopping bags. like 　 including 　 against 　 except 　 of 　 总结与归纳 总结本节课程的重点知识与内容 介词(preposition)是一种虚词，用于连接_____，_____或________与其它句子成分，表达它们之间的关系，如_____，_____，_____等。 介词常位于名词之前，在句中可做状语，表语，补语，定语或介词宾语。 方位介词 on over above below under in at in on to by beside near 方式介词 in with by through 时间介词 at on in before after in since for from 其它介词 of for against with without like as about including towards from 总结与归纳 总结本节课程的重点知识与内容 是重点哦 名词 代词 动名词 方位 时间 方式 课后作业 通过课后作业复习本节课的知识 复 练 背 预 背诵 背诵《晨读》98页的介词短语 练习 完成《词汇》145页的介词专项练习 复习 复习介词的含义及分类 预习 预习语法专题七 冠词 课后作业 通过课后作业复习本节课的知识 下次再见 好好学习 · 天天向上 Daisy Nie 永城四中 九11班 Lovely school Lavf58.20.100 $$