人教版2025年中考英语专题十二 动词的语态 课件

动词的语态 专题十二 为梦想加油 • 向中考冲锋 动词语态的分类 被动语态的构成 主动语态变被动语态的方法 被动语态的使用情况 主动语态表被动语态的情况 CONTENTS 英语中有两种语态： 和 。 动词语态的分类 1．主动语态表示主语是动作的 。 Many people speak English there. 那里有很多人说英语。 2．被动语态表示主语是动作的 ，即行为动词的对象。 Chinese is spoken by many people. 很多人说汉语。 (Chinese是动词speak的承受者) 执行者 承受者 主动语态 被动语态 被动语态的构成 被动语态由“ ”构成。 be＋及物动词的过去分词(用done表示) 常考类型 被动语态结构 举例 一般现在时 am/is/are＋done The classroom is cleaned by us. 教室被我们打扫。 一般过去时 was/were＋done The kite was made by him yesterday.这个风筝是他昨天做的。 常考类型 被动语态结构 举例 一般将来时 ①will be＋done ②am/is/are going to be＋done Trees will be planted by them next year.明年，树将由他们种植。 现在完成时 have/has been＋done The car has been mended by Jim. 车已经被吉姆修好了。 含情态动词 情态动词＋be done The stars can be seen by us at night. 星星在晚上能被我们看见。 现在进行时 am/is/are being＋done My father’s car is being washed by me. 我爸爸的车正在被我洗。 1. 将主动语态的主语变为被动语态的宾语，放在by之后。 主动语态变被动语态的方法 2. 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 3. 将主动语态的谓语改为被动语态结构。 4. 句中的时间状语、地点状语等保持不变。 宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 主动语态变被动语态的方法 主动语态 被动语态 Farmers grow rice in spring. Rice is grown by farmers in spring. 主语 by+原主语 谓语 be+过去分词 宾语 原宾语 状语 状语 主动语态变被动语态的特殊结构 1．含有双宾语(即直接宾语和间接宾语)的句子，多把间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。 Jack told us the truth. 杰克告诉了我们真相。 →We were told the truth by Jack. 2．主动语态中有些感官动词(如hear、see、watch、notice等)后用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把动词不定式符号to还原。 hear (see) sb.do sth. →sb.be heard (seen) to do sth. The teacher makes his students do much homework every day. →His students are made to do much homework by the teacher every day. 那位老师让他的学生每天做很多家庭作业。 We heard the girl play the piano in the music classroom. →The girl was heard to play the piano by us in the music classroom. 我们听见那个女孩在音乐教室弹钢琴。 3．主动语态中有些使役动词(如make、let等)后用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把动词不定式符号to还原。 make sb.do sth.→sb.be made to do sth. 把下列句子改成被动语态 1．We can finish the work in two days. The work by us in two days. 2．They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk by them in Suzhou. can be finished is produced 3．The children will sing an English song. An English song by the children. 4．We should plant some trees in our school. Some trees by us in our school. 5．Lucy sent me a New Year card last week. A New Year card to me by Lucy last week. will be sung should be planted was sent 被动语态的使用情况 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。 This bicycle was made in China. 这辆自行车是在中国制造的。 2.需要强调动作的承受者。 Many trees should be planted every year.每年都应该种很多树。 被动语态的使用情况 3.当动作的执行者是物时,多用被动语态。 The window was broken by the wind. 窗户被风吹坏了。 4.有些动词习惯上只用被动语态。 He was born in 1990.他出生于1990年。 主动语态表被动语态的情况 1.某些感官动词 The idea sounds great. 这主意听起来不错。 2.某些表示主语特征或状态的动词 That book sells well. 那本书卖的很好。 look, see, watch, hear, sound, feel, taste, smell... wash, write, sell, read, open, cut, shut, keep... 3.某些表示”开始，结束“的动词 The meeting ended at 7:30. 会议在7：30结束了。 start, begin, end, finish... 4.某些表示”发生，爆发“的不及物动词或短语 Suddenly, the fire broke out. 突然，火灾发生了。 5.某些表示”需要“的动词 The house needs repairing. 这房子需要修一修。 happen, take place, occur, break out, spread... need, want, require...+doing 6.be worth+doing表被动含义”值得“ The novel is worth reading. 那本小说值得读一读。 =The house needs to be repaired. ★中考高频被动语态句型/短语 1 It is reported that … 据报道…… 2 It is believed that … 人们相信…… 3 be used to do sth. 被用来做…… 4 be made by sb. 由……（某人）制造 5 be made of 由……制作（看得出原材料） 6 be covered with/by 被……覆盖 7 It is said that … 据说…… 8 It is well-known that … 众所周知…… 9 be used for doing sth. 被用来做…… 10 be made in 在……（哪里）制造 11 be made from 由……制作（看不出原材料） 单项选择 1.(2023天津)Some photos of the moon 　　　 in the Space Club next week.  A.shows　　B.is showing C.were shown　　D.will be shown 2.（2023·江苏扬州）Sand turns to glass when it  　　　　⁠by lightning. A.hits B.is hit C.is hitting D.will be hit 3.(2023江西)Hou Yi 　　　 magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried to steal it.  A.gives　　　B.has given　　　　C.gave　　　　D.was given D B D 4.(2023江苏连云港)To make the environment much better, more trees 　　　 next year.  A.plant　　B.will plant C.are planted　 D.will be planted 5.(2023湖北黄冈)—Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. Chinese 　　　 by more and more people around the world nowadays.  A.spoke　　B.is spoken 　 C.speaks　　　　D.was spoken 6.(2023河北)Breakfast　　　every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.  A.provides　　B.provided C.is provided 　D.was provided D B C 7.(2023安徽)Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they 　　　 into schools.  A.introduce　B.introduced C.are introduced　D.were introduced 8.(2022河北)—Mmm...Delicious. What is it? —It 　　　　 zongzi, Tony. It's a traditional food in China.  A.calls 　 B.is called C.called　　D.was called 9.(2022福建) Last month, the little girl 　　　 well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering.  A.is cared for B.was cared for C.will be cared for D B B 10.(2022湖北武汉)During the Tang dynasty(唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world 　　　 on the streets of Chang'an.   A.is found　　　　 B.has been found C.will be found　　　　D.could be found 11. (2023河北石家庄一模)Before paper 　　　, people wrote or drew on bamboo, silk or wood.  A.invented　 B.was invented C.was inventing　 D.is invented 12. (2023辽宁大连二模)At first, the robot　　　 to help children with walking problems.   A.created　　B.creates C.was created　 　D.was creating D B C 13. (2023天津南开一模)This project started five years ago and it 　　　 next year.  A.was completed　　　　B.completed C.will complete　　　　D.will be completed 14. (2023江苏徐州一模)—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday. —Yes, it 　　　 by our school green club to protect forests.  A.organizes 　　　　B.organized C.was organized 　　　　D.will be organized D C 动词填空 1. Gina went to the doctor's yesterday and she ________(tell) about the importance of good living habits once more. 2. Sometimes the song ________(sing) at the graduation ceremony. It can remind us of the happy time. 3. To our surprise, these machines in the factory _______________ (make) by the workers last year. 4. The food _______ (smell) delicious. was told is sung were made smells 5. In Miss Lin's class, many chances __________(offer) to students to learn from each other. 6. My advice on how to save paper ______________(accept) by my class three days ago. 7. If he ____________(give) another chance tomorrow, he will do it better. 8. Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. They ___________ (plant) by us last spring. was accepted is given were planted are offered 9. As one of the most exciting sports, volleyball ________________ (invent) in the Olympic Games in 1964. 10. The passenger refused to move after taking another one's seat! He __________________(punish) according to the newly credit system(征信体系)． 11. If I ____________(invite) to go to Lisa's housewarming party, I will go on time. will be punished am invited was invented 完成句子 根据汉语意思完成句子，注意语法正确，意思完整，词数不限。 1. 这辆玩具车是由木头制作成的。 The toy car ___________ wood. 2. 这个标志是用来警告游客远离动物园里的狮子的。 This sign warn tourists to stay away from the lion in the zoo. 3. 在中国，人们相信好运是从你家前门进来的。 In China, ___________________ good luck enters your life through your front door. is made of is used to it's believed（that） 4. 当我们到达时，我们发现山顶被一层厚厚的雪覆盖了。 When we arrived, we found that the top of the mountain ___________________ a thick snow. 5. 为了学好英语，应该鼓励学生尽可能多地说英语。 To learn English well, students to speak as much as possible. 6. 在过去的几年里，全世界有成千上万部电影被制作出来。 In the past few years, thousands of films all over the world. was covered with/by should be educated have been produced 7. 我校正在举行运动会。 The sports meeting in our school. 8. 上周在这条路上发生了一起事故。 An accident on this road last week. 9. 那场戏剧将在下个月的某个时候重新上演。 That play again sometime next month. 10. 不要担心，这种布料很容易洗。 Don't worry. This kind of cloth . is being held happened washes well will be put on 1. 制作动词语态考点思维导图 2.完成对应练习 中考必胜 为梦想加油 • 向中考冲锋 $$