Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Grammar v-ing I 不定式 to do 过去分词 动名词：在句中起名词作用，作主语、宾语、表语 和定语 现在分词：作用相当于形容词或动词，不能作主语、 宾语，可作表语、宾补、定语、状语 非谓语动词 -ing分词 可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语和状语 不能作主语和宾语，可以作表语、宾补、定语和状语 动 词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 作谓语，有时态、语态、人称和数的变化 作谓语之外的各种成分，无时态、人称和数的变化 非谓语动词 非谓语动词？ A beautiful girl _________ (stand) by the window. 主语 谓语 stands A beautiful girl _________ (stand) by the window and she looks very sad. 主语 谓语 谓语 stands The beautiful girl _________ (stand) by the window looks very sad. 主语 谓语 非谓语 standing 一个句子中已经有谓语动词，且在没有连词的情况下，另一个动词就作非谓语 对比下面两个句子 My English teacher entered the classroom and she held a book on her hand. My English teacher entered the classroom holding a book on her hand. v-ing形式 动名词 现在分词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 定语 表语 状语 宾补 Playing with fire is dangerous. Jim likes jumping in muddy puddles. Her idea is building up a new company. People living there are quite friendly. He really needs a washing machine. The performance was really amazing. Laughing and talking, they went in. I love to watch her performing on the stage. v-ing的形式 v-ing形式 主语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 Activity 2 动词-ing形式作定语和表语 动词-ing形式的构成（以do为例）： 肯定式 否定式 主动式 doing not doing 被动式 being done not being done 完成式 having done not having done v-ing作定语 a sleeping baby a barking dog v-ing作定语 现在分词作定语表示名词的状态：进行、主动。 1.定义 a washing machine a swimming pool v-ing作定语 动名词作定语表示名词的用途。 an exhausting work v-ing作定语 动名词作定语表示名词的性质。 a disappointing result Summary v-ing作定语的定义： 现在分词作定语，表示正在______的或______的动作动名词表示被修饰词的_____和_____。 进行 主动 性质 用途 1. No one shall take any magazine out of the reading room. 2. He saw a flying bird and raised his bow. 3. He was tapping his walking stick against his leg. 4. I love to swim in the swimming pool. 5. He really needs a washing machine. Observe and Find a girl dancing on the stage a tower being built there a vase dating back to Han Dynasty v-ing作定语 Summary 现在分词作定语的位置： 单个分词作定语一般放在修饰词的_______，现在分词短语作定语通常放在修饰词的_______，并且可以转化为一个________从句。 后面 前面 定语 2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 作后置 定语，表主动或动作正在进行，相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 表动作正在进行 表主动 回忆定语从句并引导转换 5mins Activity 1 1.We’ll have an exam in the coming week. =We’ll have an exam in the week that is coming. 2.He was only able to walk with a walking stick. = He was only able to walk with a stick that is used for walking. 3.The boy studying in the classroom is our monitor. = The boy who is studying in the classroom is our monitor. 4.Your Activity is clearning the windows. = Cleaning the windows is your Activity. Observe and analyze 6.He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the sleeping baby. = He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the baby ___________________. 7.Last week we bought a new washing machine. = Last week, we bought a new machine ______________________. 8.Do you know the boy playing basketball? = Do you know the boy _________________________? who is sleeping that is used for washing who is playing basketball 1）The bridge _______________ten years ago is under repair now. 2）The bridge _______________ now will link the village to that town. 3）The bridge ________________ next year will be of great importance. constructed being constructed to be constructed 【即学活用】用construct 的适当形式填空： 【即时练习】单句语法填空 1. The boy _________(wear) a sad look said “I can’t find my parents.” 2. They set up an __________(operate) table in a small temple to save the injured soldier. 3. Those students _______(hope) to enter that university should work really hard. 4. Today there are more airplanes ________(carry) more people than ever before in the skies. 5. People _______(live) in the city do not know the pleasure of country life. wearing operating hoping carrying living 单句语法填空 （1）［2020·全国Ⅱ 卷］There is a small river 　　　　 （flow）through the farm. （2）The stadium 　　　　 　（build） at present in our city is intended for the coming Asian Games. （3） The flowers 　　　　 　（smell）sweet in the garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature. （4）There is a lot of evidence 　　　　 　 （show）that staring at the computer for a long time does harm to our eyes. （5） A woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood to accept her six-year-old son， who has a 　 　　　 （hear）disability. flowing being built smelling showing hearing v-ing作表语 1、动词-ing形式表示主语的某种性质和特征时，通常可以 看作形容词。常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing， amusing，confusing，disappointing，boring， encouraging，inspiring，moving，surprising， interesting，tiring等。 eg: The problem is quite puzzling. eg: The film we saw last night was very moving. 二、动词-ing形式作表语 阅读并引导总结 2mins The question is rather__________(puzzle). puzzling The student is quite___________(puzzle). puzzled inspired Mr. Smith delivered a speech, which was very _________ (inspire). The audience were ___________(inspire) after listenning to the speech. inspiring 2、动词-ing形式表示主语的内容时，可以转换到句首作主语。 eg: Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.) eg: Her duty is taking care of the babies. (＝Taking care of the babies is her duty.) His job is interesting. His job is serving the people. 现在分词说明主语的________；动名词说明主语的_______。因此，动名词作表语可以和主语___________，而现在分词_________和主语互换位置。 Interesting is his job. Serving the people is his job. 现在分词 动名词 特征 内容 互换位置 不可以 v-ing作表语 现在分词和动名词作表语的区别 【名师点睛】 (1)作表语时，系动词除be外还有appear，sound，look，go， become，come，get，grow，keep，remain，seem等。 (2)动词-ing形式作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态； 而进行时态中的动词-ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具 体的动作，两者不可混淆。 eg: 1. The present situation is encouraging.(表语) 2. The present situation is encouraging us to stride forward in production.(现在进行时) 启发学生对比并区分 3mins 河北省遵化市第一中学 严实勤恒 【即时练习】 1．The present situation is__________(terrify)． 2．This question ________________(discuss) at the meeting now. 3．This question ________________(discuss) at the meeting now is important. 4．He asked an_____________(embarrass) question． 5．Do you know the number of people ________ (come) to the party? terrifying is being discussed being discussed embarrassing coming Complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Buñol every August. I think many food festivals are _______ because people are just eating. However, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! The number of people _______ part in this tomato fight can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very ________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The ________ thing is how clean Buñol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. This is because the juice from tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean! boring interesting taking amazing exciting P6 3 v-ing形式 动名词 现在分词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 定语 表语 状语 宾补 Playing with fire is dangerous. Jim likes jumping in muddy puddles. Her idea is building up a new company. People living there are quite friendly. He really needs a washing machine. The performance was really amazing. Laughing and talking, they went in. I love to watch her performing on the stage. v-ing的形式 v-ing形式 主语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 What do these sentences have in common? What are the functions and meanings of the -ing forms? 1. … her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. 2. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 3. Wanzhou is a well-known tourist destination, attracting thousands of visitors. adverbial adverbial adverbial 用法6 例：The child fell off the tree, hitting his head against the ground. =The child fell off the tree, and he hit his head against the ground. 相当于由so，and等引导的一个并列句 6.v-ing形式作结果状语 $$