第一编 素养综合训练十四 八年级下册Units 7—8-（配套课件）【中考2号】2025年中考英语练测（湖南专用）

素养综合训练十四　 八年级下册Units 7—8 2025中考 湖南 英语  1 一、阅读选择 (2024·河南改编) 　　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 难度系数:★★★ 人与自然——身边的自然现象与生态环境 　　An old saying used for forecasting(预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, sailors’ delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors(水手) take warning.” Is the saying true? A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming. 2 　　Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance(提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming. 3 　　If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure(压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way. Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing? Are they moving to higher ground? This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high? Falling air pressure may influence birds’ ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day! 4 1. What is the old saying about? A. The signs of the weather. B. The night sky. C. The beauty of sunrise. 2. What does the underlined word “meteorologists” mean? A. The persons who give daily weather reports on TV. B. The persons who carry out research on natural history. C. The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions. √ √ 5 3. How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2? A. By listing the reasons for terrible weather. B. By telling a true story about weather forecasting. C. By introducing different ways of forecasting the weather. 4. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. It’ll be sunny if ants move to higher places. B. The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air. C. Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure. √ √ 6 5. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To encourage people to get close to nature. B. To express the need for weather forecasting. C. To explain nature can tell us about the weather. √ 7 二、语篇补全 (2024·河北改编)　　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　难度系数:★★★★ 人与自然——热爱与敬畏自然 　　Nature has many ways to solve problems. We humans learn a lot from animals and plants in nature. There is a science about how we copy great ideas from animals and plants to create helpful products. 　1　  8 　　Some animals such as this sugar glider have wing-like structures(结构) to help them fly from tree to tree. When they jump, they spread out their arms and legs to help them fly down easily. 　2　 The idea of these clothes comes from the sugar glider.   9 　　　3　 An armadillo has a hard cover that can protect it from other dangerous animals. When an armadillo feels that it is in danger, it will change into a ball. Once the dangerous animal goes away, it comes out of the ball. The armadillo has taught people to create a backpack with a hard surface. The surface of the backpack protects things inside from being broken.   10 　　Plants have helped people come up with amazing inventions, too. Perhaps the best-known example is Velcro(尼龙搭扣). It includes two pieces of cloth. They stick to each other when they are pressed together. Velcro is used on everything from handbags to clothes. The idea of Velcro is from burrs(带芒刺的小果实) of a plant. 　4　 They are taken to other places in this way.   　　From these examples, we can see biomimetics(仿生学) is widely used in our daily life. What other problems will nature help us solve in the future? Let’s wait and see! 11 A. They are very sticky. B. It is called biomimetics. C. Some animals have structures used for self-protection. D. Wing-suits, a kind of clothes, can let people experience flying. E. They have special structures to allow themselves to stick to people’s clothing or hair. 1. ________　2. ________　3. ________　4. ________   B D C E 12 三、完形填空 (2024·潍坊改编)　 　 　 　 　　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　难度系数:★★ 人与自然——绿色生活的理念和行为 　　There are over fifty different types of plastics. Many of them are used 　1　 packaging(包装). Most plastics do not break down and a lot of them are not recyclable. When they are 　2　, they can pollute the air and make it very dangerous.   1. A. at B. on C. for 2. A. burnt B. heated C. bought √ √ 13 　　One of the most popular plastics used in making bottles is called PET. This can be recycled. Plastics 　3　 PET need to be labeled so they can be collected easily for recycling. In America, PET is recycled and used to make 　4　 things, such as flowerpots and milk crates. In Germany some bottles are made from a type of plastic which breaks down in strong 　5　 or when buried. 　6　 this is expensive and the bottles might break while they are being need.   3. A. as B. by C. like 4. A. dry B. new C. heavy 5. A. wind B. storm C. sunlight 6. A. Or B. So C. But √ √ √ √ 14 　　Nearly all the things you buy from the supermarket are wrapped in something. 　7　 fruit and vegetables are wrapped in plastic or in plastic bags. When we use these things, we usually 　8　 the packaging. Packaging keeps food 　9　. It protects the food and also gives us information about the product. But is it all necessary? If you add up all the packaging, it comes to a lot.   　　Try not to buy things that use a lot of plastic. You’d better 　10　 your old plastic containers for keeping things.  7. A. Yet B. Even C. Still 8. A. put up B. pick up C. throw away 9. A. warm B. clear C. fresh 10. A. reuse B. return C. repair √ √ √ √ 15 四、语法填空 (2024· 河北改编)　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　难度系数:★★★ 人与自然——环保意识和行为 　　The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei. About 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the 　1　(government) work, it has become much 　2　(clean).   1. _____________　2. ________ government’s cleaner 16 　　Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and 　3　(catch) fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river 　4　 boat at that time. But as time passed by, it got dirty and started to dry up.   　　To remediate(修复) the river, the government do a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees(防洪堤). They plant trees, grass and 3. ________ 4. ________ caught by 17 flowers to green the riverside. They set up fences(防护栏) and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop 　5　(factory) from 　6　(put) waste water into the river. They keep 　7　 eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long-term plan to keep the river in good condition.   5. ________　6. ________　7. ________ factories putting an 18 　　Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the 　8　(beautiful) of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy 　9　(see) the river looking good again.   　　The Hutuo River’s story shows 　10　 people work together to take care of nature, good things can happen.  8. ________　9. ________　10. ________ beauty to see when/if 19 本讲内容结束 $$