专题03 阅读理解之说明文（内蒙古专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末真题分类汇编

专题03 阅读理解之说明文 （一） （内蒙古部分名校2023-2024高一下期末联考试题） Elephants’ important role in maintaining biodiversity and healthy ecosystems has earned them various names including ecosystem engineers and forest gardeners. However, African forest elephants — a species living in the rainforests of central Africa — are increasingly recognized by another name: “climate heroes”. African forest elephants help lessen climate change by increasing carbon storage in their forest habitats, meaning they help remove heat-trapping CO2 from the atmosphere. They do this by influencing the forest structure, including by increasing the diversity and abundance of plant species. It’s estimated that one forest elephant can increase the net carbon capture (捕获) capacity of the forest by almost 250 acres. This is equal to removing from the atmosphere a year’s worth of emissions (排放量) from 2,047 cars. “As strange as it seems, all that eating and destruction help the forest pull more carbon out of the air,” says Alison Pearce Stevens in the book Animal Climate Heroes! . Elephants eat more than 400 pounds of food a day, so they spend a lot of time searching for food. As they walk through the forest, they do a lot of damage to the surrounding smaller trees, leading to the survival of trees that have the ability to absorb and store more CO2. In addition, their thirst for fruits also helps to promote forest growth. This is because elephants disperse fruit seeds. In other words, the seeds pass through the elephant bodies until they drop back to the forest floor. But African forest elephants are seriously endangered and continue to face threats. These mainly come from hunting for the illegal international trade in elephant ivory (象牙), but also from habitat loss and fewer food sources. The number of forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a period of 31 years, and their habitats are thought to have reduced by 75%. Protecting forest elephants and the forests they depend on means we are safeguarding their ecological contributions that we all rely on. 1．How do African forest elephants help relieve climate change? A．They increase the diversity of wildlife species. B．They help to maintain the plants of the forest. C．They take in heat-trapping CO2 from the atmosphere. D．They promote the net carbon capture ability of the forest. 2．What does the underlined word “disperse” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Consume. B．Preserve. C．Spread. D．Gather. 3．What are the threats facing African forest elephants? A．Illegal hunting and habitat loss. B．The disturbed balance of the forest ecosystem. C．Natural disasters resulting from climate change. D．Competition for water sources with other animals. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Preserving Forests: Elephants’ Contribution B．New Role of African Forest Elephants: Climate Heroes C．Ivory Trade Threatens African Forest Elephants D．Forest Elephants Are Approaching the Edge of Extinction 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲森林象有助于提升森林的碳捕获能力减缓气候变化被称作“气候英雄”，以及它们面临的威胁。 1．细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“It’s estimated that one forest elephant can increase the net carbon capture (捕获) capacity of the forest by almost 250 acres. (据估计，一头森林大象可以使森林的净碳捕获能力增加近250英亩。)”可知，非洲森林象通过提高森林的碳捕获能力来帮助减缓气候变化。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线词的上文“In addition, their thirst for fruits also helps to promote forest growth. (此外，它们对水果的渴望也有助于促进森林的生长)”以及下文“In other words, the seeds pass through the elephant bodies until they drop back to the forest floor.( 换句话说，种子穿过大象的身体，直到它们掉回森林地面)”可知，大象喜欢吃水果，而水果的种子通过大象的排泄从大象体内回到森林地面，这帮助散播了水果种子，有助于促进森林的生长。故disperse 同spread “传播”意思相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。文章最后一段中“These mainly come from hunting for the illegal international trade in elephant ivory (象牙), but also from habitat loss and fewer food sources. The number of forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a period of 31 years, and their habitats are thought to have reduced by 75%. (这些主要来自对象牙非法国际贸易的狩猎，也来自栖息地的丧失和食物来源的减少。在31年的时间里，森林大象的数量减少了86%以上，它们的栖息地被认为减少了75%)”可知，非洲森林象面临的主要威胁是非法狩猎、栖息地丧失和食物来源减少。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“Elephants’ important role in maintaining biodiversity and healthy ecosystems has earned them various names including ecosystem engineers and forest gardeners. However, African forest elephants — a species living in the rainforests of central Africa — are increasingly recognized by another name: “climate heroes”. (大象在维持生物多样性和健康生态系统方面的重要作用为它们赢得了各种各样的名字，包括生态系统工程师和森林园丁。然而，非洲森林象——一种生活在中非热带雨林中的物种——越来越多地被另一个名字所认可：‘气候英雄’。)”可知，本文主要讲述了非洲森林象如何通过增加森林的碳捕获能力来缓解气候变化，被称作“气候英雄”，以及非洲森林象所面临的威胁；因此，最适合的标题是B选项“非洲森林象的新角色：气候英雄”，故选B。 （二） （内蒙古集宁一中2023-2024高一下期末试题） For eight-year-old Toby, who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them don’t have sign language versions (手语版本). “We have subtitles (字幕) but it goes too fast.” his dad said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app developed by a 17-year-old student, Mariella Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp. She got the idea when she was teaching herself American Sign Language(ASL)--one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Mariella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed to discover there is only few signed versions. It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community. The app is available in the US as a browser extension with an interpreter (翻译) appearing in a box once the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s where Mariella thought she could help the most deaf children. Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers (障碍) when it comes to cinema and TV. “A 27-year-old girl Stacey says she has learned British Sign Language (BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things “more inclusive”. Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users. Stacey says a UK version of an app like SignUp would make films and TV “more accessible” for the deaf community. Mariella is up for the challenge-and hopes to make a British Sign Language version of her app for other streaming platforms such as Netflix and Amazon Prime. “There are more than 300 sign languages used worldwide, so it’ll take a long time to get all of those versions out,” she says. 1．Mariella created SignUp because of ________. A．her interest in inventing things B．lack of signed TV shows for the deaf C．her childhood memories in a cinema D．the encouragement from her teachers 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Mariella invented the app all by herself B．Mariella wants to help the most deaf adults C．The app only works on Disney Plus at the moment D．The app has got few users-now 3．What will be Mariella’s next challenge? A．To update the app for cinemas. B．To make a BSL version of the app. C．To launch. a universal version of the app. D．To promote the use of her app worldwide. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Mariella? A．Creative and caring. B．Talented and humorous. C．Curious and fearless. D．Knowledgeable and brave. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。17岁的学生玛丽拉·萨托(Mariella Satow)开发了一款名为“Signup”的手语应用程序，方便失聪人群看电影。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Mariella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed to discover there is only few signed versions. (Mariella想看电视节目来帮助她学习，但她失望地发现只有很少的手语版本。)”可知，开发这款软件是因为缺少服务失聪人群的电视节目。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s where Mariella thought she could help the most deaf children. (目前它只适用于迪士尼Plus电影，因为玛丽拉认为她可以在那里帮助最失聪的孩子。)”可知，该应用程序目前仅适用于迪斯尼Plus。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Stacey says a UK version of an app like SignUp would make films and TV “more accessible” for the deaf community. Mariella is up for the challenge-and hopes to make a British Sign Language version of her app for other streaming platforms such as Netflix and Amazon Prime. (Stacey表示，像SignUp这样的英国版应用程序将使聋人社区“更容易访问”电影和电视。Mariella准备迎接挑战，她希望为诸如Netflix和亚马逊Prime等其他流媒体平台制作她的应用程序的英国手语版本。)”可知，Mariella的下一个挑战是设计一个英国手语版本的应用程序。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community. (Mariella花了一年时间开发这项技术，得到了ASL教师和聋人社区的大力帮助。)”可知，Mariella开发了这个软件，具有很强的创造力；再根据第三段“It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s where Mariella thought she could help the most deaf children. (目前它只适用于迪士尼Plus电影，因为玛丽拉认为她可以在那里帮助最失聪的孩子。)”可知，她非常乐于帮助关心孩子们。因此，Mariella既有创造力又有爱心。故选A。 （三） （内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第三中学2024-学年高一期末试题） When Amelia Hammersley was in sixth grade, her younger sister went to the hospital with a concussion (脑震荡) from a fall. People with concussion often take pain medicines to ease headaches. But heavy use of NSAIDs, a common type of pain killer, can come with serious side effects (副作用), especially if taken for a long time. Now 16, Amelia has discovered that a plant medicine called celastrol might help reduce (减少) the need for NSAIDs. Celastrol comes from a plant used in China for hundreds of years to treat health problems. Amelia’s research suggests that celastrol might allow patients to take less NSAIDs. “My sister led me to the research,” noted the teen, who is a student at Oak Park and River Forest High School in Oak Park, Ill. She showed her findings at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair. Amelia found that celastrol could help the brain get well again and reduce inflammation (炎症) by blocking a specific brain pathway. She tested this using fruit flies, which have a similar inflammation pathway as humans. Amelia bought over 120 fruit flies and tested their climbing ability in clear tubes. After giving each fly a concussion by dropping them from a spring-loaded tube, she tested their climbing speed again. Most flies took more than two minutes to climb, and some didn’t try at all. She then fed the flies different treatments: one group received food with NSAIDs, another with celastrol, a third with both, and a fourth group got only food. After 24 hours, she tested their climbing ability again. The flies treated with both or just celastrol did better than those with NSAIDs alone or no treatment. Amelia hopes to continue working on this project in the future. She believes celastrol, being low-cost and widely used, could make medicine more accessible in places where health care is costly or hard to get. 1．What makes Amelia carry out the research? A．A road accident. B．Her painful illness. C．A Chinese story. D．Her sister’s condition. 2．Why were the fruit flies grouped? A．To shorten the testing time. B．To compare the test results. C．To catch people’s attention. D．To complete the climb early. 3．What does Amelia expect of the plant medicine? A．It’ll improve her health. B．It’ll kill the fruit flies. C．It’ll help people in need. D．It’ll change her dream. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Widely Respected Doctor in America B．Amelia’s Upcoming Plan to Study Medicine C．The Future of Traditional Chinese Medicine D．Celastrol’s Promise in Concussion Treatment 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要讨论了Amelia如何发现并研究celatrol这种植物药物，以及它在治疗脑震荡方面的潜力。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When Amelia Hammersley was in sixth grade, her younger sister went to the hospital with a concussion (脑震荡) from a fall. People with concussion often take pain medicines to ease headaches. But heavy use of NSAIDs, a common type of pain killer, can come with serious side effects (副作用), especially if taken for a long time.(当Amelia Hammersley六年级的时候，她的妹妹因摔倒导致脑震荡而进了医院。患脑震荡的人通常吃止痛药来减轻头痛。但是大量使用NSAIDs，一种常见的止痛药，会带来极其严重的副作用。)”和第二段““My sister led me to the research,” noted the teen(这位青少年说道：“是我的妹妹的情况让我做的这个研究。”)”可知，Amelia的妹妹因为跌倒而住院治疗脑震荡。而大量使用止痛药会带来严重的副作用，因此是她的妹妹的情况促使她进行这项研究。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“She then fed the flies different treatments: one group received food with NSAIDs, another with celastrol, a third with both, and a fourth group got only food. After 24 hours, she tested their climbing ability again. The flies treated with both or just celastrol did better than those with NSAIDs alone or no treatment.(然后，她用不同的治疗方法喂养这些果蝇：一组接受含有NSAIDs的食物，另一组接受含有celatrol的食物，第三组两者都有，第四组只给食物。24小时后，她再次测试了它们的攀爬能力。)”可知，果蝇被分组是为了比较不同治疗方法的效果。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Amelia hopes to continue working on this project in the future. She believes celastrol, being low-cost and widely used, could make medicine more accessible in places where health care is costly or hard to get.(Amelia希望在未来继续研究这个项目。她相信，由于celatrol成本低且使用广泛，它可能使药物在医疗保健成本高昂或难以获得的地方更容易获得。)”可知，她期望这种植物药物能帮助那些需要的人。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Now 16, Amelia has discovered that a plant medicine called celastrol might help reduce (减少) the need for NSAIDs.(现在16岁的Amelia发现一种叫作celastrol的植物药物，可能有助于减少对NSAIDs——一种常见的止痛药——的需求。)”以及全文的介绍可知，文章主要讨论了Amelia如何发现并研究celatrol这种植物药物，以及它在治疗脑震荡方面的潜力，故D项“celastrol在脑震荡治疗中的前景”符合本文标题，故选D。 （四） （内蒙古呼伦贝尔市2024-2025高一期末试题） TO GOOGLE is now in broad usage as a verb for getting information from the Internet. If the tech giant has its way, “I Googled” will become a standard reply to the question — “How did you get here?” On May 28th Google said it would build 100 autonomous (自动驾驶的) cars. It is the next stage in its obvious aim to be as common on the road as on computer screens. People have dreamed about driver-less motoring since at least the 1930s, but only in recent years have carmakers such as Mercedes-Benz and Volvo given the matter more thought, equipping test cars with the sensors and complicated software required to pass through busy roads. Google has made rapid progress by designing a driver-less car from the ground up. But bringing autonomous motoring to the world is proving harder than Google had imagined. It once promised it by 2017. Now it does not see production models coming out before 2020. The technology is far advanced, but it still needs to be made smaller and cheaper. Google’s current test cars are said to be filled with equipment worth $80,000. Google’s latest efforts may have as much to do with convincing the public and lawmakers as improving the technology. The firm stresses that computers are more likely than humans to avoid accidents. The cars will have a top speed of just 25mph and a front end made of soft foam (泡沫) to protect careless pedestrians. The benefits could indeed be huge. Driving time could be given over to working, sleeping or surfing the Internet. However, the issue of liability (问责) in the event of a driver-less car crashing has yet to be resolved. Turning cars into products may not be good news for traditional carmakers. But changing the concept of driving into service fits well with Google’s plans to become as big in hardware as in software. And unlike car firms. which talk vaguely of becoming “mobility providers”. Google has a lot of money to make this a reality and no worries about disturbing its current business. Google admits it still has “lots of work to do”. But I couldn’t agree more that one day Googling to the shops may be a common activity. 1．What’s Google’s next goal? A．To get driver-less cars on the road. B．To cut down the cost of making cars. C．To become a tech giant in computer. D．To beat Mercedes-Benz and Volvo. 2．What benefits do Google’s driver-less cars have? A．There’s no problem with who to blame (责备) for a crash. B．They can protect drivers from severe injury in the car crash. C．Most of the accidents can be avoided due to the autonomous cars. D．Drivers sometimes won’t be necessarily concentrated on the road. 3．What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic. 4．What might be the best title of the passage? A．Google — the tech giant. B．Google’s Cars Trade. C．Autonomous Vehicle Adventure. D．Google’s Driver-less Cars’ Journey. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了谷歌研发无人驾驶汽车的进展、面临的问题以及未来前景等。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“On May 28th Google said it would build 100 autonomous (自动驾驶的) cars. It is the next stage in its obvious aim to be as common on the road as on computer screens.(5月28日，Google 表示将建造100辆自动驾驶汽车。它的下一个明显目标是汽车在路上像在电脑屏幕上一样普遍)”可知，谷歌的下一个目标是让无人驾驶汽车上路，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Driving time could be given over to working, sleeping or surfing the Internet.(开车的时间可以用来工作、睡觉或上网)”可知，谷歌无人驾驶汽车的好处之一是司机有时不必全神贯注于道路，可将驾驶时间用来做其他事，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But I couldn’t agree more that one day Googling to the shops may be a common activity.(但我完全同意，有一天从谷歌搜索到去商店可能是一个普遍的活动)”可知，作者对自动驾驶汽车的未来持积极态度，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“On May 28th Google said it would build 100 autonomous (自动驾驶的) cars. It is the next stage in its obvious aim to be as common on the road as on computer screens.(5月28日，Google表示将建造100辆自动驾驶汽车。它的下一个明显目标是在路上像在电脑屏幕上一样普遍)”结合文章主要讲述了谷歌研发无人驾驶汽车的进展、面临的问题以及未来前景等，故最佳标题是“谷歌的无人驾驶汽车之旅”。故选D。 （五） （内蒙古通辽市第一中学2024-2025高一期末试题） The story of the Forest of Immortal Stories begins in 2019, when Cojocaru lost his wife to cancer. Cojocaru suffered constant depression; as a solution, his doctor told him to walk in the countryside, 6,000 or more steps a day. Cojocaru had grown up in Nucsoara, but only as he walked the hills did he notice the trees: giant beeches (山毛榉), some as old as 500 years. Their beauty and strength revived him, and he felt as if they had adopted him. Indeed, generations of villagers gathered firewood from the trees, trimming (修剪) the branches. Where the trees were trimmed, new shoots appeared, branched, grew and were trimmed again, year after year for centuries. The practice allowed the trees to continue bearing nuts, which the villagers fed to their pigs to fatten them up. “The power of these trees is mindblowing, ” said Cojocaru. 5,000 beeches still grow around Nucsoara, the highest concentration in Europe. But logging and changing uses of the land pose a threat. Bark beetles (蠹虫) are moving in, too. Together with a conservation organization, Cojocaru began the plan to protect the beeches and draw ecotourism to Nucsoara. 2,544 trees were identified and each was given a number plate, photographed through the seasons and marked on a digital map. The trees are offered for adoption on a website — although as Cojocaru insists, the tree adopts the person, not the other way around. So began the project — the Forest of Immortal Stories. For a modest fee, people can attach their own stories to a tree. When visited in person, the tree reads the narrative back through a QR code. For example, No. 44 is Ana Branza, a Romanian fencing champion who won her first national title at age 15. No. 2, 544 is Cojocaru. . “I learn from them. I get a sense that they are old men who are very wise and want me to do good. ” Cojocaru said of the trees. 1．Cojocaru's walk in the beech forest can be described as _________. A．demanding B．healing C．adventurous D．romantic 2．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Beeches are posing a threat to the land. B．Beeches are at risk of extinction in Europe. C．The villagers benefited from the beeches a lot. D．The villagers kept the beeches under protection. 3．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Efforts made to preserve the beeches. B．Introduction to a conservation organization. C．The development of ecotourism in Nucsoara. D．Advanced technologies used to protect the beeches. 4．What can people do in the Forest of Immortal Stories? A．Identify more beeches. B．Donate a modest sum of money. C．Plant beeches and track their growth. D．Adopt a beech and attach their own stories to it. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了“不朽故事森林”项目是如何开始的。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“Cojocaru suffered constant depression; as a solution, his doctor told him to walk in the countryside, 6,000 or more steps a day.(Cojocaru一直患有抑郁症；为了解决这个问题，他的医生建议他去乡下散步，每天至少走6000步)”和第二段的句子“Their beauty and strength revived him, and he felt as if they had adopted him. (它们的美丽和力量使他恢复了活力，他觉得它们好像收养了他)”可知，Cojocaru在山毛榉林中的散步有治愈作用。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Indeed, generations of villagers gathered firewood from the trees, trimming (修剪) the branches. Where the trees were trimmed, new shoots appeared, branched, grew and were trimmed again, year after year for centuries. The practice allowed the trees to continue bearing nuts, which the villagers fed to their pigs to fatten them up.(的确，一代又一代的村民从树上收集柴火，修剪树枝。树木被修剪的地方，新的嫩芽出现，分枝，生长，又被修剪，年复一年，几个世纪。这种做法可以让树继续结出坚果，村民们把坚果喂给他们的猪，让它们长得更肥)”可知，村民们从山毛榉中获益良多。故选C项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段的内容“Together with a conservation organization, Cojocaru began the plan to protect the beeches and draw ecotourism to Nucsoara. 2,544 trees were identified and each was given a number plate, photographed through the seasons and marked on a digital map. The trees are offered for adoption on a website — although as Cojocaru insists, the tree adopts the person, not the other way around.(Cojocaru与一个保护组织一起，开始了保护山毛榉的计划，并吸引生态旅游到Nucsoara。2544棵树被识别出来，每棵树都有一个车牌，按季节拍照，并在数字地图上做了标记。这些树是在一个网站上供人收养的——尽管Cojocaru坚持认为，是树收养人，而不是人收养树)”可知，该段主要是说Cojocaru与一个保护组织一起为保护山毛榉所做的努力。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段的句子“So began the project — the Forest of Immortal Stories. For a modest fee, people can attach their own stories to a tree. When visited in person, the tree reads the narrative back through a QR code.(于是，“不朽故事森林”项目开始了。人们可以花很少的钱把自己的故事挂在树上。当人们亲自访问时，树会通过二维码读取故事)”可知，在不朽故事森林里人们能选择一棵山毛榉，并将自己的故事附着在上面。故选D项。 （六） （内蒙古自治区赤峰市2024-2025高一期末试题） David Katz was unhappy about all the plastic (塑料) going into the ocean. To help solve the problem, he had an unusual idea. Mr Katz calls his idea the “Plastic Bank”. In poor countries, people are already working so hard just to get enough food to eat, to find a place to live, and to keep themselves healthy. Spending time on recycling (回收再利用) doesn’t make sense when you’re simply trying to survive. The purpose of the Plastic Bank is to use plastic to help these people solve the problems that worry them the most—food, shelter, and health. So Plastic Bank adds a value to plastic waste by paying people to recycle it. The program began in 2015 in Haiti, a poor island nation that doesn’t have strong programs for recycling. Plastic is often simply thrown out and ends up in rivers and the ocean. The Plastic Bank has opened 30 “markets” in Haiti. At Plastic Bank markets, people can trade the plastic they’ve collected for money or other things they need. The Plastic Bank markets sell many things that local people need, such as cooking oil and heating oil. The stores also allow plastic collectors to use the money they get to pay for health care or school. For those who have cell phones, Plastic Bank can put the money they get into a special bank account (账户) that they can control using an app. This keeps their money safe. To make sure the plastic gets recycled, the Plastic Bank works with those who agree to use the plastic that is collected. For example, the British company Marks & Spencer and the German company Henkel are both paying more to use recycled plastic from the Plastic Bank in their products. When customers buy these products, which are labeled (标记) “Social Plastic”, they know that they are helping people in other parts of the world and keeping plastic out of the ocean. The Plastic Bank has programs in Haiti, the Philippines, and Brazil. So far, the Plastic Bank has kept about 7 million pounds of plastic out of the ocean. 1．What might most Haitians think of plastic waste before 2015? A．It was harmful. B．It was priceless. C．It was valueless. D．It was recyclable. 2．What makes the Plastic Bank successful in Haiti? A．The high value of the local plastic. B．The local people’s basic needs for life. C．The local people’s care for the environment. D．The great support from the local government. 3．How does the Plastic Bank deal with the plastic waste it collects? A．By storing the waste in its special bank. B．By using the waste to produce oil and gas. C．By sending the waste to poor countries for reuse. D．By selling the waste to others who make products. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Helping the poor. B．Cleaning the ocean. C．Collecting plastic waste. D．Treating plastic like money. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“塑料银行”的项目，它在保护环境的同时，又为贫困人群的基本生活提供了帮助。 1．推理判断题。根据第四段内容“The program began in 2015 in Haiti, a poor island nation that doesn’t have strong programs for recycling. Plastic is often simply thrown out and ends up in rivers and the ocean.(该项目于2015年在海地启动，海地是一个贫穷的岛国，没有强有力的回收项目。塑料通常被简单地扔掉，最终流入河流和海洋)”可知，在2015年回收项目启动之前，海地人直接把塑料扔掉，最终流入河流和海洋。由此推知，2015年之前，大多数海地人认为塑料垃圾没有价值，所以才会扔掉。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段关键句“The Plastic Bank has opened 30 “markets” in Haiti. At Plastic Bank markets, people can trade the plastic they’ve collected for money or other things they need. The Plastic Bank markets sell many things that local people need, such as cooking oil and heating oil.(“塑料银行”在海地开设了30个“市场”。在“塑料银行”市场，人们可以用收集到的塑料换钱或其他他们需要的东西。塑料银行市场出售许多当地人需要的东西，如食用油和燃料油)”可知，“塑料银行”在海地取得成功，开设了30个“市场”，因为“塑料银行”允许当地人用收集到的塑料换钱或其他他们需要的东西，满足当地人民的基本生活需要。由此可知，当地人民的基本生活需要让“塑料银行”在海地取得成功。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“To make sure the plastic gets recycled, the Plastic Bank works with those who agree to use the plastic that is collected. For example, the British company Marks & Spencer and the German company Henkel are both paying more to use recycled plastic from the Plastic Bank in their products.(为了确保塑料得到回收，“塑料银行”与那些同意使用收集的塑料的人合作。例如，英国公司Marks & Spencer和德国公司Henkel都在支付更高的费用，以便在产品中使用塑料银行回收的塑料)”可知，“塑料银行”把收集的塑料卖给那些同意在产品中使用这些塑料的人，以这种方式确保塑料得到回收。由此可知，“塑料银行”把收集的塑料垃圾卖给其他需要用塑料生产产品的人。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第三段关键句“The purpose of the Plastic Bank is to use plastic to help these people solve the problems that worry them the most — food, shelter, and health.(塑料银行的目的是用塑料来帮助这些人解决他们最担心的——食物、住所和健康问题)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个名为“塑料银行”的项目，它鼓励人们收集塑料，并赋予塑料像金钱一样的能力，允许人们用塑料换取生活必需品，以这种方式既保护了环境，又为贫困人群的基本生活提供了帮助。由此可知，Treating plastic like money(像对待金钱一样对待塑料)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。 （七） （内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市2023-2024高一下期末试题） Flamingo (火烈鸟) images are everywhere in Florida, on tourist T-shirts, hotel names, and the Florida Lottery logo. However, real pink flamingos have been mostly gone from the state since the early 1900s, when hunters nearly wiped them out, seeking their stylish and valuable feathers (羽毛). Now, however, flamingos seem to be returning to Florida. Birders recorded 101 wild American flamingo sightings across the state in February, according to recently released figures from Audubon Florida. Environmentalists believe many of these birds were carried into the state on the winds of storm in August 2023. Flamingos have landed in Florida after storms in the past, but they usually don’t stay for too long. This time, birders and wildlife biologists all hope that the creatures can stay there. In recent decades, people have sometimes seen flamingos in Florida, including a well-known flamingo named Conchy, who was rescued from an airport in the Florida Keys in 2015. The data showed Conchy moved all over the southern part of the state, teaching scientists more about flamingos in Florida in two years than was known in the previous 100 years, writes Lori Rozsa. Meanwhile, environmentalists have been working to restore (恢复) the local wetland habitats (栖息地). In the Caribbean and Mexico, protection efforts have also helped increase the number of flamingo populations. Now, those efforts seem to be paying off. This year, forecasters are predicting a particularly bad storms season. It remains to be seen what that will mean for Florida’s burgeoning flamingo population—and other bird species, more broadly. There may be a few silver linings, however. After storms in September 2022, the number of shorebirds found wrapped in dangerous fishing line dropped by 58 percent in southwest Florida, since fishing piers were destroyed in the storm. “We never welcome storms here in Florida, but we did welcome some passengers,” Jerry Lorenz, director of research for Audubon Florida said. 1．What made pink flamingos almost disappear from Florida in the 1900s? A．The loss of habitat. B．Tourism industry. C．The overhunting for their feathers. D．Frequent storms. 2．What do we know about Conchy from paragraph 3? A．It was born in the Florida Keys. B．It was found in a zoo in southern Florida. C．It never left the area where it was rescued. D．It gave scientists insights into flamingos’ behavior. 3．What does the underlined phrase “silver linings” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Something easy. B．Something good. C．Something popular. D．Something interesting. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Impact of Storms on Florida’s Ecosystem B．Climate Change and Its Effects on Flamingos C．The Pink Phenomenon: Flamingos’ Impact on Florida’s Culture D．Flamingos Return to Florida: Hope After Decades of Absence 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了火烈鸟在佛罗里达灭绝之后，在人类的帮助下重回佛罗里达。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, real pink flamingos have been mostly gone from the state since the early 1900s, when hunters nearly wiped them out, seeking their stylish and valuable feathers(然而，自20世纪初以来，真正的粉红色火烈鸟已经从该州消失了，当时猎人为了寻找它们时尚而珍贵的羽毛，几乎将它们消灭了)”可知，猎人过度捕猎火烈鸟的羽毛导致其消失。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The data showed Conchy moved all over the southern part of the state, teaching scientists more about flamingos in Florida in two years than was known in the previous 100 years, writes Lori Rozsa.(洛里·罗莎写道，数据显示，Conchy在佛罗里达州的南部地区到处移动，这两年里教给科学家的关于佛罗里达州火烈鸟的知识比过去100年里所知道的还要多)”可知，Conchy给科学家们带来了很多关于火烈鸟的知识。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据所猜词后“After storms in September 2022, the number of shorebirds found wrapped in dangerous fishing line dropped by 58 percent in southwest Florida, since fishing piers were destroyed in the storm(在2022年9月的风暴之后，在佛罗里达州西南部发现的被危险鱼线包裹的滨鸟数量下降了58%，因为捕鱼码头在风暴中被摧毁)”可知，风暴将捕渔码头摧毁，从而让很多被鱼线所困住的鸟被释放。由此推知，风暴也会带来一些好处。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段第一句“Now, however, flamingos seem to be returning to Florida(然而，现在烈鸟似乎回到佛罗里达)”可知，本文主要讲述了火烈鸟在弗罗里达灭绝之后，在人类的帮助下重回佛罗里达。故选D。 （八） （内蒙古鄂尔多斯市西四旗2023-2024高一期末试题） In a 2012 study, Boaz Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago in the US, led an experiment on the relationship between foreign languages and people’s way of thinking. In the experiment, people were asked to make a choice: Just take one pound or take a 50percent chance of winning 2.50 pounds. When given this choice in their native language, most people took the safe option of only getting one pound. But they were more willing to make the riskier choice when asked in a foreign language, leading to more profits overall, according to The Guardian. As Keysar put it, “People just hate the chance of losing, but they hate it less in a foreign language.” In another study published this year, Keysar and his team did an experiment in which participants were given a series of related words like “dream”, “snooze”, “bed” and “rest”. Later, when asked which words they remembered hearing, people were more likely to mistakenly remember “sleep”, which was not on the list, in their native language. But it was much less likely to happen if they did the test in a foreign language. As Keysar explained, people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language, leading to more accurate memories. The foreign language effect may even influence our personality. Silvia Purpuri at the University of Trento, Italy, looked at people’s willingness to face uncertainty and enter unfamiliar situations. Being tolerant (宽容的) of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things. It turns out that people naturally score more highly on this trait (特点) when they can speak or use a foreign language because speaking a foreign language requires taking risks. The evidence is clear: By learning a foreign language, you’re not just learning a language—you’re gaining a new state of mind. 1．What does the first experiment suggest? A．People like expressing in a foreign language. B．People are afraid of losing in face of money. C．People make quick choices in their native language. D．People prefer riskier decisions in a foreign language. 2．Which of the following best explains “accurate” underlined in paragraph 3? A．Colorful. B．Simple. C．Usual. D．Exact. 3．Willingness to face uncertainty makes people . A．Cool-headed. B．Open-minded. C．Light-hearted. D．Easy-going. 4．What is the main idea of this text? A．Learning foreign languages helps a lot. B．People should learn to face uncertainty. C．Foreign languages influence how people think. D．Personality has an effect on language learning. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，实验研究表明外语对于人们思维方式有影响。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As Keysar put it, “People just hate the chance of losing, but they hate it less in a foreign language.” (正如Keysar所说，“人们只是讨厌失败的可能性，但在外语中他们就不那么讨厌了。”)”可知，人们在外语环境下更愿意冒险。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线处前“As Keysar explained, people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language, (正如Keysar解释的那样，人们在使用外语时会更仔细地思考)”可知，人们在使用外语时思考会更加仔细，因此也就会有更加准确的记忆。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Being tolerant (宽容的) of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things. (对不确定性的宽容可以让人们有更多的创意，对新事物更开放。)”可知，乐意接受不确定性会使人们有更多创造性的想法，也更愿意接受新事物，也就是使人思维更加开放。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In a 2012 study, Boaz Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago in the US, led an experiment on the relationship between foreign languages and people’s way of thinking. (在2012年的一项研究中，美国芝加哥大学教授Boaz Keysar领导了一项关于外语与人们思维方式之间关系的实验。)”并结合全文可知，本文研究了外语对人们思维方式的影响。故选C。 （九） （内蒙古部分学校2023-2024高一期末质检试题） In the past generations, our ancestors (祖先) lived with the simplest way. When science and technology materialize, there are various developments in the world that change and improve the way of living of people. As years go by, more and more innovations (创新) were created by applying the ideas of science and technologies. Most of these have positive effects on the society but some of these are harmful in certain ways. However, the importance of science and technology can’t be denied. Science and innovation have mainly affected society, and their effect is developing. It makes life simpler and makes people more gainful. This change has positive and negative effects. The benefit is making life simpler while the other side is that it makes individuals needy and lazier. By making life simpler, science has allowed man to seek for cultural concerns to improve human conditions. Science and technology can shape the general public we live in very well and can make us feel simpler, safer and increasingly gainful. However, it also can be used wrongly, which can harm many blameless lives. We must think for our own progress as well as for the improvement of each person of this planet that we call our own home. In short, science and innovation have made a great contribution to our lives. They may also be related to us greatly. In this way, their effects will depend on how we follow up on them. In addition, if we see the more brilliant side of innovation, it is the foundation of national construction. 1．What does the underlined word “materialize” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Return. B．Appear. C．Stay. D．go. 2．What is the author’s attitude towards science and technologies? A．Unclear. B．Negative. C．Doubtful. D．Objective. 3．Which of the following is the effect of science? A．A better living condition. B．People becoming less adaptive. C．People becoming determined. D．A colorful history. 4．What should we do when using science and technology? A．Improve studying standard. B．Help the disabled. C．Think for other people. D．Treat wildlife equally. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了科学和技术对人类生活带来的影响。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词前“In the past generations, our ancestors (祖先) lived with the simplest way. When science and technology…(在过去的几代人里，我们的祖先以最简单的方式生活。当科技……)”及“there are various developments in the world that change and improve the way of living of people.(世界上有各种各样的发展，改变和改善了人们的生活方式)”可知，此处表示当科技出现，materialize与appear“出现”意思相近。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As years go by, more and more innovations were created by applying the ideas of science and technologies. Most of these have positive effects on the society but some of these are harmful in certain ways. However, the importance of science and technology can’t be denied.(随着时间的流逝，越来越多的创新是通过应用科学和技术的理念创造出来的。其中大多数对社会有积极的影响，但其中一些在某些方面是有害的。然而，科学技术的重要性是不可否认的)”及下两段内容可知，作者既说明了科技对社会的积极影响，也说明了存在的害处，作者对于科技的态度是客观的。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It makes life simpler and makes people more gainful. (它使生活更简单，使人们更有收获)”及“By making life simpler, science has allowed man to seek for cultural concerns to improve human conditions.(科学使生活变得简单，使人们能够寻求文化关怀，以改善人类的状况)”和文章第三段“Science and technology can shape the general public we live in very well and can make us feel simpler, safer and increasingly gainful.(科学技术可以很好地塑造我们生活的大众，让我们感觉更简单、更安全、更有成就感)”可推知，在科学的影响下，人类有了更好的生存条件。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“We must think for our own progress as well as for the improvement of each person of this planet that we call our own home.(我们必须为自己的进步着想，也要为这个我们称之为家园的星球上的每一个人的改善着想)”可知，在运用科技的时候，我们应该为他人着想。故选C项。 （十） （内蒙古科尔沁左翼中旗实验高级中学2023-2024高一下期末试题） Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health. Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health. Gardening involves physical activity that works all the main muscle (肌肉) groups, which is helpful for overall health. “Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.” Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system (免疫系统). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that people get at least 150 minutes of exercise each week, and gardening is listed as a suitable activity. Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease. Additionally, spending time outdoors makes us get close to natural sunlight, which is important for vitamin D synth. Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging. Gardening also offers cognitive (认知的) benefits. It excites the senses, improves focus and encourages problem-solving and creativity. It provides a chance to learn about plants, ecosystems and the environment, developing a deeper understanding and appreciation for nature. 1．What is Clayton’s attitude towards gardening? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear D．Uncaring. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about gardening? A．It improves focus. B．It is a waste of time. C．It can keep a body in shape. D．It helps to reduce the risk of diseases. 3．How does gardening affect social connection according to the text? A．It contributes to creativity. B．It encourages problem-solving. C．It builds relationships between people. D．It improves people’s awareness of safety. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Start a Garden B．Choose a Garden or Not C．What Plants Grow Best in a Garden D．Start Gardening and Get the Health Benefits 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述园艺活动有利于身体健康并分析了原因。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段““Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.”(“像挖土，种植和收割这样的活动需要运动并能帮助我们改善体力” Clayton，一家网上草坪护理公司的CEO说，“经常进行这些活动可以帮助燃烧卡路里，保持一个健康的体重”)”可知，Clayton对园艺活动持支持的态度。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system(除了燃烧卡路里和锻炼肌肉，很多研究表明园艺看改善免疫系统)”以及第三句“Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease.(每周做150分钟的园艺工作能够减少患肥胖，高血压以及心脏病的风险)”可知，本段主要讲园艺活动有助于降低患病的风险。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging.(园艺也为社会联系提供了机会。它可以是家庭成员，朋友或邻居之间的共同活动，从而建立关系和归属感)”可知，园艺活动对社交的影响是它可以建立人们间的关系。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health.Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health.(长期以来，人们一直认为户外活动有利于身体健康。园艺不仅仅是美化室外空间——它还对我们的身心健康产生很深的影响)”可知，文章主要讲述进行园艺活动有利于身心健康，所以文章的标题“开始园艺，并获得健康的好处”。故选D。 （十一） （内蒙古名校联盟2023-2024高一下质检试题） In San Francisco, a large group of sea lions move themselves out of the bay waters and hang out on PIER 39, which is a popular tourist destination. According to dock (码头) officials, this is the most sea lions seen in the region in 15 years. “Over 1,000 sea lions have been counted this week,” PIER 39 harbormaster Sheila Chandor told many different media. “The surge in sea lions is usually a good sign of their strong population and healthy living environment,” said Adam Ratner, Director of Conservation Engagement at the Marine Mammal (海洋哺乳动物) Center in Sausalito, California. “California sea lions are sentinels (哨兵) of the ocean,” Ratner said. Their population to some extent reflects the health of the ocean. Therefore, seeing a large number of California sea lions is clearly a good thing. For nearly 35 years, the slippery (滑的) residents have been a star attraction for tourists. That autumn in 1989, PIER 39 had just been repaired, but the ships had not yet been moved back. At that moment, the sea lions unexpected arrival not only attracted fans but also created enemies. According to a website, some dock residents and workers were scared away by the strong and very unpleasant smell and noise of their new neighbors, while others saw these animals as a bright spot after the destructive Loma Prieta earthquake. The officials sought help from the Marine Mammal Center to find a way to deal with sea lions. Ratner said that the final decision is to let the sea lions stay and coexist with humans. “The fact proves that this is really a good thing,” he said. “This is just a proof of how we can truly work together and think about how we can share our coasts with marine mammals and other wildlife in a way that benefits all the parties involved.” 1．How does the author start the text? A．By describing a situation. B．By answering a question. C．By holding a conversation. D．By comparing different opinions. 2．What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Sharp increase. B．Tight control. C．Slow development. D．Sudden movement. 3．What is Ratner’s attitude to the final decision? A．Doubtful. B．Uninterested. C．Supportive. D．Unclear. 4．What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A．Sea lions are pretty cool animals. B．Animals and humans can live in harmony. C．Watching sea lions might not be a proper action. D．Sea lions should be driven out of PIER 39. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了通过讲述海狮数量的增加，说明人与动物可以和睦相处。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“In San Francisco, a large group of sea lions move themselves out of the bay waters and hang out on PIER 39, which is a popular tourist destination. According to dock (码头)officials, this is the most sea lions seen in the region in 15 years.(在旧金山，一大群海狮从海湾水域出来，在39号码头闲逛，这是一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。据码头官员称，这是15年来在该地区看到的最多的海狮。)”可推断，作者通过描述一种情况开始介绍文章。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据前文““Over 1,000 sea lions have been counted this week,” PIER 39 harbormaster Sheila Chandor told many different media.( 39号码头港务长希拉·钱德尔告诉许多不同的媒体:“本周已经统计了1000多只海狮。”)”并结合下文“is usually a good sign of their strong population and healthy living environment(通常是它们数量众多和健康生活环境的好兆头)”可知，海狮在数量激增，画线词与A项意思相近，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ratner said that the final decision is to let the sea lions stay and coexist with humans. “The fact proves that this is really a good thing,” he said. “This is just a proof of how we can truly work together and think about how we can share our coasts with marine mammals and other wildlife in a way that benefits all the parties involved.”(拉特纳说，最终的决定是让海狮留下来与人类共存。“事实证明，这确实是一件好事，”他说。“这只是我们如何真正合作的一个证明，并思考我们如何与海洋哺乳动物和其他野生动物共享我们的海岸，以一种有利于所有相关方的方式。”)”可推断，Ratner对于最终决定是支持的。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ “The fact proves that this is really a good thing,” he said. “This is just a proof of how we can truly work together and think about how we can share our coasts with marine mammals and other wildlife in a way that benefits all the parties involved.”( “事实证明，这确实是一件好事，”他说。“这只是我们如何真正合作的一个证明，并思考我们如何与海洋哺乳动物和其他野生动物共享我们的海岸，以一种有利于所有相关方的方式。”)”并通读全文可推断，通过这篇文章，作者想要传递的信息是人类和动物可以和睦相处。故选B。 （十二） （内蒙古自治区乌兰浩特第一中学2023-2024高一期末试题） Every year the start of the Atlantic hurricane season is another reminder for Margarite August that she still doesn’t have a roof. The 70-year-old retired teacher’s home on the small Caribbean island nation of Dominica was mostly wiped out by hurricane Maria six years ago. Six years after hurricane Maria, Dominicans like Margarite August still haven’t been able to rehabilitate their homes. August is not alone. Since Maria, the government of Dominica has built 7,000 new homes—about a quarter of its housing stock-with materials to fight another Category 5 hurricane. They’ve also relocated two communities. But an untold number of the island’s 70,000 or so residents are like August, rebuilding their homes in any way they can afford. Hurricane Maria is often referred to as a once-in-a-lifetime disaster. Scientists put much of the blame on warming ocean temperatures that could make frequent (频繁的) storms like it. Maria damaged a terrible 95% of Dominica’s housing stock and 226% of the nation’s GDP. Before the storm, the country’s economy had long struggled since its independence from Great Britain in 1978. Unlike its more famous touristy neighbors along the chain of eastern Caribbean islands it lies on, Dominica is more known for its rugged mountains and jungles (丛林) than white sandy beaches. The jungle mountains that crash down to the coast are beautiful but disasters visit easily. “I don’t think anybody ever got over Maria,” says Christine John of the Dominica Red Cross. “There are a lot of persons today—if it just starts to rain outside, they get anxious.” 1．What does the underlined word “rehabilitate” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Rebuild. B．Leave. C．Decorate. D．Buy. 2．What is the main cause of frequent extreme storms according to scientists? A．Over-farming. B．Loss of the land. C．The disappearance of the forests. D．Climate change. 3．What is Dominica known for according to the text? A．Its good economy. B．Its architecture. C．Its mountains and jungles. D．Its sandy beaches. 4．Why are Dominicans nervous when it rains? A．They have to stay bored at home. B．Their houses are easy to take in water. C．They don’t know how to make umbrellas. D．They are afraid of another disaster like Maria. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了飓风玛丽亚对加勒比海小国多米尼加造成了严重破坏，但岛上的很多居民仍然无法重建家园。 1．词义猜测题。根据第一段“Every year the start of the Atlantic hurricane season is another reminder for Margarite August that she still doesn’t have a roof. (每年大西洋飓风季节的开始都会再次提醒玛格丽特·奥古斯特，她仍然没有一个屋顶。)”以及第四段“But an untold number of the island’s 70,000 or so residents are like August, rebuilding their homes in any way they can afford. (但岛上大约7万居民中，有无数人像奥古斯特一样，以他们负担得起的任何方式重建家园。)”可知，奥古斯特的家被飓风毁了，但是她无法重建家园。故划线词意思是“重建”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“Scientists put much of the blame on warming ocean temperatures that could make frequent (频繁的) storms like it. (科学家们把大部分责任归咎于海洋温度升高，这可能会导致类似的风暴频繁发生。)”可知，科学家认为气候变暖是引起极端风暴频发的主要原因。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段“Unlike its more famous touristy neighbors along the chain of eastern Caribbean islands it lies on, Dominica is more known for its rugged mountains and jungles (丛林) than white sandy beaches. (与其位于东加勒比群岛上的著名旅游邻国不同，多米尼加以其崎岖的山脉和丛林而闻名，而不是白色的沙滩。)”可知，Dominica以高山和丛林闻名。故选C。 4．推理判断题，根据最后一段““I don’t think anybody ever got over Maria,” says Christine John of the Dominica Red Cross. “There are a lot of persons today—if it just starts to rain outside, they get anxious.” (多米尼克红十字会的克里斯汀·约翰说：“我认为没有人能忘记玛丽亚。今天有很多人——如果外面开始下雨，他们就会焦虑。”)”可推知，Dominican谈雨色变主要是因为他们还没从风暴Maia带来的阴影中走出来，故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解之说明文 （一） （内蒙古部分名校2023-2024高一下期末联考试题） Elephants’ important role in maintaining biodiversity and healthy ecosystems has earned them various names including ecosystem engineers and forest gardeners. However, African forest elephants — a species living in the rainforests of central Africa — are increasingly recognized by another name: “climate heroes”. African forest elephants help lessen climate change by increasing carbon storage in their forest habitats, meaning they help remove heat-trapping CO2 from the atmosphere. They do this by influencing the forest structure, including by increasing the diversity and abundance of plant species. It’s estimated that one forest elephant can increase the net carbon capture (捕获) capacity of the forest by almost 250 acres. This is equal to removing from the atmosphere a year’s worth of emissions (排放量) from 2,047 cars. “As strange as it seems, all that eating and destruction help the forest pull more carbon out of the air,” says Alison Pearce Stevens in the book Animal Climate Heroes! . Elephants eat more than 400 pounds of food a day, so they spend a lot of time searching for food. As they walk through the forest, they do a lot of damage to the surrounding smaller trees, leading to the survival of trees that have the ability to absorb and store more CO2. In addition, their thirst for fruits also helps to promote forest growth. This is because elephants disperse fruit seeds. In other words, the seeds pass through the elephant bodies until they drop back to the forest floor. But African forest elephants are seriously endangered and continue to face threats. These mainly come from hunting for the illegal international trade in elephant ivory (象牙), but also from habitat loss and fewer food sources. The number of forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a period of 31 years, and their habitats are thought to have reduced by 75%. Protecting forest elephants and the forests they depend on means we are safeguarding their ecological contributions that we all rely on. 1．How do African forest elephants help relieve climate change? A．They increase the diversity of wildlife species. B．They help to maintain the plants of the forest. C．They take in heat-trapping CO2 from the atmosphere. D．They promote the net carbon capture ability of the forest. 2．What does the underlined word “disperse” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Consume. B．Preserve. C．Spread. D．Gather. 3．What are the threats facing African forest elephants? A．Illegal hunting and habitat loss. B．The disturbed balance of the forest ecosystem. C．Natural disasters resulting from climate change. D．Competition for water sources with other animals. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Preserving Forests: Elephants’ Contribution B．New Role of African Forest Elephants: Climate Heroes C．Ivory Trade Threatens African Forest Elephants D．Forest Elephants Are Approaching the Edge of Extinction （二） （内蒙古集宁一中2023-2024高一下期末试题） For eight-year-old Toby, who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them don’t have sign language versions (手语版本). “We have subtitles (字幕) but it goes too fast.” his dad said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app developed by a 17-year-old student, Mariella Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp. She got the idea when she was teaching herself American Sign Language(ASL)--one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Mariella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed to discover there is only few signed versions. It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community. The app is available in the US as a browser extension with an interpreter (翻译) appearing in a box once the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s where Mariella thought she could help the most deaf children. Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers (障碍) when it comes to cinema and TV. “A 27-year-old girl Stacey says she has learned British Sign Language (BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things “more inclusive”. Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users. Stacey says a UK version of an app like SignUp would make films and TV “more accessible” for the deaf community. Mariella is up for the challenge-and hopes to make a British Sign Language version of her app for other streaming platforms such as Netflix and Amazon Prime. “There are more than 300 sign languages used worldwide, so it’ll take a long time to get all of those versions out,” she says. 1．Mariella created SignUp because of ________. A．her interest in inventing things B．lack of signed TV shows for the deaf C．her childhood memories in a cinema D．the encouragement from her teachers 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Mariella invented the app all by herself B．Mariella wants to help the most deaf adults C．The app only works on Disney Plus at the moment D．The app has got few users-now 3．What will be Mariella’s next challenge? A．To update the app for cinemas. B．To make a BSL version of the app. C．To launch. a universal version of the app. D．To promote the use of her app worldwide. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Mariella? A．Creative and caring. B．Talented and humorous. C．Curious and fearless. D．Knowledgeable and brave. （三） （内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第三中学2024-学年高一期末试题） When Amelia Hammersley was in sixth grade, her younger sister went to the hospital with a concussion (脑震荡) from a fall. People with concussion often take pain medicines to ease headaches. But heavy use of NSAIDs, a common type of pain killer, can come with serious side effects (副作用), especially if taken for a long time. Now 16, Amelia has discovered that a plant medicine called celastrol might help reduce (减少) the need for NSAIDs. Celastrol comes from a plant used in China for hundreds of years to treat health problems. Amelia’s research suggests that celastrol might allow patients to take less NSAIDs. “My sister led me to the research,” noted the teen, who is a student at Oak Park and River Forest High School in Oak Park, Ill. She showed her findings at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair. Amelia found that celastrol could help the brain get well again and reduce inflammation (炎症) by blocking a specific brain pathway. She tested this using fruit flies, which have a similar inflammation pathway as humans. Amelia bought over 120 fruit flies and tested their climbing ability in clear tubes. After giving each fly a concussion by dropping them from a spring-loaded tube, she tested their climbing speed again. Most flies took more than two minutes to climb, and some didn’t try at all. She then fed the flies different treatments: one group received food with NSAIDs, another with celastrol, a third with both, and a fourth group got only food. After 24 hours, she tested their climbing ability again. The flies treated with both or just celastrol did better than those with NSAIDs alone or no treatment. Amelia hopes to continue working on this project in the future. She believes celastrol, being low-cost and widely used, could make medicine more accessible in places where health care is costly or hard to get. 1．What makes Amelia carry out the research? A．A road accident. B．Her painful illness. C．A Chinese story. D．Her sister’s condition. 2．Why were the fruit flies grouped? A．To shorten the testing time. B．To compare the test results. C．To catch people’s attention. D．To complete the climb early. 3．What does Amelia expect of the plant medicine? A．It’ll improve her health. B．It’ll kill the fruit flies. C．It’ll help people in need. D．It’ll change her dream. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Widely Respected Doctor in America B．Amelia’s Upcoming Plan to Study Medicine C．The Future of Traditional Chinese Medicine D．Celastrol’s Promise in Concussion Treatment （四） （内蒙古呼伦贝尔市2024-2025高一期末试题） TO GOOGLE is now in broad usage as a verb for getting information from the Internet. If the tech giant has its way, “I Googled” will become a standard reply to the question — “How did you get here?” On May 28th Google said it would build 100 autonomous (自动驾驶的) cars. It is the next stage in its obvious aim to be as common on the road as on computer screens. People have dreamed about driver-less motoring since at least the 1930s, but only in recent years have carmakers such as Mercedes-Benz and Volvo given the matter more thought, equipping test cars with the sensors and complicated software required to pass through busy roads. Google has made rapid progress by designing a driver-less car from the ground up. But bringing autonomous motoring to the world is proving harder than Google had imagined. It once promised it by 2017. Now it does not see production models coming out before 2020. The technology is far advanced, but it still needs to be made smaller and cheaper. Google’s current test cars are said to be filled with equipment worth $80,000. Google’s latest efforts may have as much to do with convincing the public and lawmakers as improving the technology. The firm stresses that computers are more likely than humans to avoid accidents. The cars will have a top speed of just 25mph and a front end made of soft foam (泡沫) to protect careless pedestrians. The benefits could indeed be huge. Driving time could be given over to working, sleeping or surfing the Internet. However, the issue of liability (问责) in the event of a driver-less car crashing has yet to be resolved. Turning cars into products may not be good news for traditional carmakers. But changing the concept of driving into service fits well with Google’s plans to become as big in hardware as in software. And unlike car firms. which talk vaguely of becoming “mobility providers”. Google has a lot of money to make this a reality and no worries about disturbing its current business. Google admits it still has “lots of work to do”. But I couldn’t agree more that one day Googling to the shops may be a common activity. 1．What’s Google’s next goal? A．To get driver-less cars on the road. B．To cut down the cost of making cars. C．To become a tech giant in computer. D．To beat Mercedes-Benz and Volvo. 2．What benefits do Google’s driver-less cars have? A．There’s no problem with who to blame (责备) for a crash. B．They can protect drivers from severe injury in the car crash. C．Most of the accidents can be avoided due to the autonomous cars. D．Drivers sometimes won’t be necessarily concentrated on the road. 3．What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic. 4．What might be the best title of the passage? A．Google — the tech giant. B．Google’s Cars Trade. C．Autonomous Vehicle Adventure. D．Google’s Driver-less Cars’ Journey. （五） （内蒙古通辽市第一中学2024-2025高一期末试题） The story of the Forest of Immortal Stories begins in 2019, when Cojocaru lost his wife to cancer. Cojocaru suffered constant depression; as a solution, his doctor told him to walk in the countryside, 6,000 or more steps a day. Cojocaru had grown up in Nucsoara, but only as he walked the hills did he notice the trees: giant beeches (山毛榉), some as old as 500 years. Their beauty and strength revived him, and he felt as if they had adopted him. Indeed, generations of villagers gathered firewood from the trees, trimming (修剪) the branches. Where the trees were trimmed, new shoots appeared, branched, grew and were trimmed again, year after year for centuries. The practice allowed the trees to continue bearing nuts, which the villagers fed to their pigs to fatten them up. “The power of these trees is mindblowing, ” said Cojocaru. 5,000 beeches still grow around Nucsoara, the highest concentration in Europe. But logging and changing uses of the land pose a threat. Bark beetles (蠹虫) are moving in, too. Together with a conservation organization, Cojocaru began the plan to protect the beeches and draw ecotourism to Nucsoara. 2,544 trees were identified and each was given a number plate, photographed through the seasons and marked on a digital map. The trees are offered for adoption on a website — although as Cojocaru insists, the tree adopts the person, not the other way around. So began the project — the Forest of Immortal Stories. For a modest fee, people can attach their own stories to a tree. When visited in person, the tree reads the narrative back through a QR code. For example, No. 44 is Ana Branza, a Romanian fencing champion who won her first national title at age 15. No. 2, 544 is Cojocaru. . “I learn from them. I get a sense that they are old men who are very wise and want me to do good. ” Cojocaru said of the trees. 1．Cojocaru's walk in the beech forest can be described as _________. A．demanding B．healing C．adventurous D．romantic 2．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Beeches are posing a threat to the land. B．Beeches are at risk of extinction in Europe. C．The villagers benefited from the beeches a lot. D．The villagers kept the beeches under protection. 3．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Efforts made to preserve the beeches. B．Introduction to a conservation organization. C．The development of ecotourism in Nucsoara. D．Advanced technologies used to protect the beeches. 4．What can people do in the Forest of Immortal Stories? A．Identify more beeches. B．Donate a modest sum of money. C．Plant beeches and track their growth. D．Adopt a beech and attach their own stories to it. （六） （内蒙古自治区赤峰市2024-2025高一期末试题） David Katz was unhappy about all the plastic (塑料) going into the ocean. To help solve the problem, he had an unusual idea. Mr Katz calls his idea the “Plastic Bank”. In poor countries, people are already working so hard just to get enough food to eat, to find a place to live, and to keep themselves healthy. Spending time on recycling (回收再利用) doesn’t make sense when you’re simply trying to survive. The purpose of the Plastic Bank is to use plastic to help these people solve the problems that worry them the most—food, shelter, and health. So Plastic Bank adds a value to plastic waste by paying people to recycle it. The program began in 2015 in Haiti, a poor island nation that doesn’t have strong programs for recycling. Plastic is often simply thrown out and ends up in rivers and the ocean. The Plastic Bank has opened 30 “markets” in Haiti. At Plastic Bank markets, people can trade the plastic they’ve collected for money or other things they need. The Plastic Bank markets sell many things that local people need, such as cooking oil and heating oil. The stores also allow plastic collectors to use the money they get to pay for health care or school. For those who have cell phones, Plastic Bank can put the money they get into a special bank account (账户) that they can control using an app. This keeps their money safe. To make sure the plastic gets recycled, the Plastic Bank works with those who agree to use the plastic that is collected. For example, the British company Marks & Spencer and the German company Henkel are both paying more to use recycled plastic from the Plastic Bank in their products. When customers buy these products, which are labeled (标记) “Social Plastic”, they know that they are helping people in other parts of the world and keeping plastic out of the ocean. The Plastic Bank has programs in Haiti, the Philippines, and Brazil. So far, the Plastic Bank has kept about 7 million pounds of plastic out of the ocean. 1．What might most Haitians think of plastic waste before 2015? A．It was harmful. B．It was priceless. C．It was valueless. D．It was recyclable. 2．What makes the Plastic Bank successful in Haiti? A．The high value of the local plastic. B．The local people’s basic needs for life. C．The local people’s care for the environment. D．The great support from the local government. 3．How does the Plastic Bank deal with the plastic waste it collects? A．By storing the waste in its special bank. B．By using the waste to produce oil and gas. C．By sending the waste to poor countries for reuse. D．By selling the waste to others who make products. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Helping the poor. B．Cleaning the ocean. C．Collecting plastic waste. D．Treating plastic like money. （七） （内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市2023-2024高一下期末试题） Flamingo (火烈鸟) images are everywhere in Florida, on tourist T-shirts, hotel names, and the Florida Lottery logo. However, real pink flamingos have been mostly gone from the state since the early 1900s, when hunters nearly wiped them out, seeking their stylish and valuable feathers (羽毛). Now, however, flamingos seem to be returning to Florida. Birders recorded 101 wild American flamingo sightings across the state in February, according to recently released figures from Audubon Florida. Environmentalists believe many of these birds were carried into the state on the winds of storm in August 2023. Flamingos have landed in Florida after storms in the past, but they usually don’t stay for too long. This time, birders and wildlife biologists all hope that the creatures can stay there. In recent decades, people have sometimes seen flamingos in Florida, including a well-known flamingo named Conchy, who was rescued from an airport in the Florida Keys in 2015. The data showed Conchy moved all over the southern part of the state, teaching scientists more about flamingos in Florida in two years than was known in the previous 100 years, writes Lori Rozsa. Meanwhile, environmentalists have been working to restore (恢复) the local wetland habitats (栖息地). In the Caribbean and Mexico, protection efforts have also helped increase the number of flamingo populations. Now, those efforts seem to be paying off. This year, forecasters are predicting a particularly bad storms season. It remains to be seen what that will mean for Florida’s burgeoning flamingo population—and other bird species, more broadly. There may be a few silver linings, however. After storms in September 2022, the number of shorebirds found wrapped in dangerous fishing line dropped by 58 percent in southwest Florida, since fishing piers were destroyed in the storm. “We never welcome storms here in Florida, but we did welcome some passengers,” Jerry Lorenz, director of research for Audubon Florida said. 1．What made pink flamingos almost disappear from Florida in the 1900s? A．The loss of habitat. B．Tourism industry. C．The overhunting for their feathers. D．Frequent storms. 2．What do we know about Conchy from paragraph 3? A．It was born in the Florida Keys. B．It was found in a zoo in southern Florida. C．It never left the area where it was rescued. D．It gave scientists insights into flamingos’ behavior. 3．What does the underlined phrase “silver linings” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Something easy. B．Something good. C．Something popular. D．Something interesting. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Impact of Storms on Florida’s Ecosystem B．Climate Change and Its Effects on Flamingos C．The Pink Phenomenon: Flamingos’ Impact on Florida’s Culture D．Flamingos Return to Florida: Hope After Decades of Absence （八） （内蒙古鄂尔多斯市西四旗2023-2024高一期末试题） In a 2012 study, Boaz Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago in the US, led an experiment on the relationship between foreign languages and people’s way of thinking. In the experiment, people were asked to make a choice: Just take one pound or take a 50percent chance of winning 2.50 pounds. When given this choice in their native language, most people took the safe option of only getting one pound. But they were more willing to make the riskier choice when asked in a foreign language, leading to more profits overall, according to The Guardian. As Keysar put it, “People just hate the chance of losing, but they hate it less in a foreign language.” In another study published this year, Keysar and his team did an experiment in which participants were given a series of related words like “dream”, “snooze”, “bed” and “rest”. Later, when asked which words they remembered hearing, people were more likely to mistakenly remember “sleep”, which was not on the list, in their native language. But it was much less likely to happen if they did the test in a foreign language. As Keysar explained, people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language, leading to more accurate memories. The foreign language effect may even influence our personality. Silvia Purpuri at the University of Trento, Italy, looked at people’s willingness to face uncertainty and enter unfamiliar situations. Being tolerant (宽容的) of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things. It turns out that people naturally score more highly on this trait (特点) when they can speak or use a foreign language because speaking a foreign language requires taking risks. The evidence is clear: By learning a foreign language, you’re not just learning a language—you’re gaining a new state of mind. 1．What does the first experiment suggest? A．People like expressing in a foreign language. B．People are afraid of losing in face of money. C．People make quick choices in their native language. D．People prefer riskier decisions in a foreign language. 2．Which of the following best explains “accurate” underlined in paragraph 3? A．Colorful. B．Simple. C．Usual. D．Exact. 3．Willingness to face uncertainty makes people . A．Cool-headed. B．Open-minded. C．Light-hearted. D．Easy-going. 4．What is the main idea of this text? A．Learning foreign languages helps a lot. B．People should learn to face uncertainty. C．Foreign languages influence how people think. D．Personality has an effect on language learning. （九） （内蒙古部分学校2023-2024高一期末质检试题） In the past generations, our ancestors (祖先) lived with the simplest way. When science and technology materialize, there are various developments in the world that change and improve the way of living of people. As years go by, more and more innovations (创新) were created by applying the ideas of science and technologies. Most of these have positive effects on the society but some of these are harmful in certain ways. However, the importance of science and technology can’t be denied. Science and innovation have mainly affected society, and their effect is developing. It makes life simpler and makes people more gainful. This change has positive and negative effects. The benefit is making life simpler while the other side is that it makes individuals needy and lazier. By making life simpler, science has allowed man to seek for cultural concerns to improve human conditions. Science and technology can shape the general public we live in very well and can make us feel simpler, safer and increasingly gainful. However, it also can be used wrongly, which can harm many blameless lives. We must think for our own progress as well as for the improvement of each person of this planet that we call our own home. In short, science and innovation have made a great contribution to our lives. They may also be related to us greatly. In this way, their effects will depend on how we follow up on them. In addition, if we see the more brilliant side of innovation, it is the foundation of national construction. 1．What does the underlined word “materialize” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Return. B．Appear. C．Stay. D．go. 2．What is the author’s attitude towards science and technologies? A．Unclear. B．Negative. C．Doubtful. D．Objective. 3．Which of the following is the effect of science? A．A better living condition. B．People becoming less adaptive. C．People becoming determined. D．A colorful history. 4．What should we do when using science and technology? A．Improve studying standard. B．Help the disabled. C．Think for other people. D．Treat wildlife equally. （十） （内蒙古科尔沁左翼中旗实验高级中学2023-2024高一下期末试题） Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health. Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health. Gardening involves physical activity that works all the main muscle (肌肉) groups, which is helpful for overall health. “Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.” Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system (免疫系统). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that people get at least 150 minutes of exercise each week, and gardening is listed as a suitable activity. Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease. Additionally, spending time outdoors makes us get close to natural sunlight, which is important for vitamin D synth. Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging. Gardening also offers cognitive (认知的) benefits. It excites the senses, improves focus and encourages problem-solving and creativity. It provides a chance to learn about plants, ecosystems and the environment, developing a deeper understanding and appreciation for nature. 1．What is Clayton’s attitude towards gardening? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear D．Uncaring. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about gardening? A．It improves focus. B．It is a waste of time. C．It can keep a body in shape. D．It helps to reduce the risk of diseases. 3．How does gardening affect social connection according to the text? A．It contributes to creativity. B．It encourages problem-solving. C．It builds relationships between people. D．It improves people’s awareness of safety. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Start a Garden B．Choose a Garden or Not C．What Plants Grow Best in a Garden D．Start Gardening and Get the Health Benefits （十一） （内蒙古名校联盟2023-2024高一下质检试题） In San Francisco, a large group of sea lions move themselves out of the bay waters and hang out on PIER 39, which is a popular tourist destination. According to dock (码头) officials, this is the most sea lions seen in the region in 15 years. “Over 1,000 sea lions have been counted this week,” PIER 39 harbormaster Sheila Chandor told many different media. “The surge in sea lions is usually a good sign of their strong population and healthy living environment,” said Adam Ratner, Director of Conservation Engagement at the Marine Mammal (海洋哺乳动物) Center in Sausalito, California. “California sea lions are sentinels (哨兵) of the ocean,” Ratner said. Their population to some extent reflects the health of the ocean. Therefore, seeing a large number of California sea lions is clearly a good thing. For nearly 35 years, the slippery (滑的) residents have been a star attraction for tourists. That autumn in 1989, PIER 39 had just been repaired, but the ships had not yet been moved back. At that moment, the sea lions unexpected arrival not only attracted fans but also created enemies. According to a website, some dock residents and workers were scared away by the strong and very unpleasant smell and noise of their new neighbors, while others saw these animals as a bright spot after the destructive Loma Prieta earthquake. The officials sought help from the Marine Mammal Center to find a way to deal with sea lions. Ratner said that the final decision is to let the sea lions stay and coexist with humans. “The fact proves that this is really a good thing,” he said. “This is just a proof of how we can truly work together and think about how we can share our coasts with marine mammals and other wildlife in a way that benefits all the parties involved.” 1．How does the author start the text? A．By describing a situation. B．By answering a question. C．By holding a conversation. D．By comparing different opinions. 2．What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Sharp increase. B．Tight control. C．Slow development. D．Sudden movement. 3．What is Ratner’s attitude to the final decision? A．Doubtful. B．Uninterested. C．Supportive. D．Unclear. 4．What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A．Sea lions are pretty cool animals. B．Animals and humans can live in harmony. C．Watching sea lions might not be a proper action. D．Sea lions should be driven out of PIER 39. （十二） （内蒙古自治区乌兰浩特第一中学2023-2024高一期末试题） Every year the start of the Atlantic hurricane season is another reminder for Margarite August that she still doesn’t have a roof. The 70-year-old retired teacher’s home on the small Caribbean island nation of Dominica was mostly wiped out by hurricane Maria six years ago. Six years after hurricane Maria, Dominicans like Margarite August still haven’t been able to rehabilitate their homes. August is not alone. Since Maria, the government of Dominica has built 7,000 new homes—about a quarter of its housing stock-with materials to fight another Category 5 hurricane. They’ve also relocated two communities. But an untold number of the island’s 70,000 or so residents are like August, rebuilding their homes in any way they can afford. Hurricane Maria is often referred to as a once-in-a-lifetime disaster. Scientists put much of the blame on warming ocean temperatures that could make frequent (频繁的) storms like it. Maria damaged a terrible 95% of Dominica’s housing stock and 226% of the nation’s GDP. Before the storm, the country’s economy had long struggled since its independence from Great Britain in 1978. Unlike its more famous touristy neighbors along the chain of eastern Caribbean islands it lies on, Dominica is more known for its rugged mountains and jungles (丛林) than white sandy beaches. The jungle mountains that crash down to the coast are beautiful but disasters visit easily. “I don’t think anybody ever got over Maria,” says Christine John of the Dominica Red Cross. “There are a lot of persons today—if it just starts to rain outside, they get anxious.” 1．What does the underlined word “rehabilitate” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Rebuild. B．Leave. C．Decorate. D．Buy. 2．What is the main cause of frequent extreme storms according to scientists? A．Over-farming. B．Loss of the land. C．The disappearance of the forests. D．Climate change. 3．What is Dominica known for according to the text? A．Its good economy. B．Its architecture. C．Its mountains and jungles. D．Its sandy beaches. 4．Why are Dominicans nervous when it rains? A．They have to stay bored at home. B．Their houses are easy to take in water. C．They don’t know how to make umbrellas. D．They are afraid of another disaster like Maria. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$