专题03 阅读理解说明文（辽宁专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编

专题03 阅读理解说明文 （一） （辽宁省沈阳市联合体2023-2024高二下期末试题） Someone has put forward a dream home which is so advanced that its kitchen can suggest what to make with certain things. Also, a Microsoft home doesn’t just warn you when you’re out of milk — it can send you a fresh gallon. But are these innovations just magic, or are they really coming soon to a neighborhood near you? To find out, US News asked some experts to get their opinions about the home of the not-so-distant future. Here’s a look at the innovations. The housing boom was marked by mass-produced buildings filled with units which look the same. The coming years, however, will give way to a personalized approach to home construction, with houses as more of an instrument of self-expression. “The successful builders will be the ones that figure out how to change their production model enough to make the buyers feel like they are really getting something that is designed for them, not just a model,” says Kermit Baker, the chief economist at the American Institute of Architects. Future homes will probably become smaller. “We will be building smaller but smarter houses,” says Ed MeMahon, a senior resident fellow at the Urban Land Institute. “Instead of having a room for just one use, consumers will demand homes that make better use of space,” says Susanka, whose best-selling book, The Not So Big House, has become increasingly influential in home design. Seldom-used quarters, such as dining and living rooms, will be replaced with space that can serve both functions. “The goal of his ‘right-size’ home is to fit its owners like a specially cut suit rather than a jacket you buy in a store,” says Susanka. 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To present the main idea the passage. B．To present what the future house is like. C．To lead to the topic of the passage. D．To show the history the housing. 2．What were houses like during the housing boom? A．Almost all the houses had no their own features. B．The houses were designed according to owners’ idea. C．The houses were smaller but smarter than before. D．The houses could change production model easily. 3．What kind of house may be popular in the future? A．Those that are much bigger and brighter. B．Those that are much smaller but smarter. C．Those that are much bigger and smarter. D．Those that are environmental and energy saving. 4．What’s Susanka’s opinion about smart house? A．Smart houses have a room for every use. B．Smart houses can make better use of space. C．Smart houses have very advanced furniture. D．Smart houses can warn you when you’re out of milk. （二） （辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟2023-2024高二下期末试题） Nowadays, the world is slowly becoming a high-tech society and we are now surrounded by technology. Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail. Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them. Social media, texting and e-mail all make it much easier to communicate, gather and pass information. But they also present some dangers. By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism theatrical metaphor (隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and protect a more perfect self to the world. As we become more reliant on these tools, they become more a part of our daily routine and so we become more restricted in this fantasy. So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges. Would a celebrity have been so daring to do something dishonorable if he had had to do it in person? Doubtful. It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations, as if he could continually push the limits of what’s acceptable without facing the consequences of “real life.” 1．The author compares e-mail with snail mail to show ________. A．the influence of high-tech on our life B．the history of different types of mails C．the value of traditional communications D．the rapid development of social media 2．What can we know about new communication tools? A．Destroying our life totally. B．Posing more dangers than good. C．Helping us to hide our faults. D．Replacing traditional letters. 3．What is the potential threat caused by the novel communication tools? A．Sheltering us from virtual life. B．Removing face-to-face interaction. C．Leading to false mental perception. D．Making us rely more on hi-tech media. 4．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．Technologies have changed our relationships. B．The digital world is a recipe for pushing limits. C．Love can be better conveyed by text message. D．The digital self need not take responsibility. （三） （辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2023-2024高二下期末试卷） In present-day Romania, a decreasing number of craftsmen practice what’s thought to be a centuries-old craft. They search the forest for a fungus (真菌), which grows within trees and sends out shelf-like mushrooms a few inches wide. The fungus is shaved lengthwise into thin strips. Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus. However, the craftsmen’s process in the early times was about searching for materials, not cultivating them for mass production. Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder — soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather.     The operation starts with agricultural waste, like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end. It can be easily mistaken for traditional leather. MycoWorks is one of a wave of innovators, all of whom assume that a better understanding of mycelium can redefine the limits of fashion and design. In recent years, MycoWorks’ products have been used in designer bags and pillows. CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added. 1．What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph? A．To stress the history of growing mushrooms. B．To introduce a fashion inspired by mushrooms. C．To show ancient mushroom growing techniques. D．To present the novel use of mushrooms in fashion. 2．What does paragraph 3 focus on about mycelium? A．Its growing process. B．Its high quality. C．Its shortcomings. D．Its working life. 3．What does Matt Scullin think of mycelium as a material in the field? A．It is straightforward to grow. B．It offers a rough feel. C．It promotes sustainability. D．It is oil-and-heat resistant. 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Fungus Crafts: An Endangered Heritage B．Mycelium: The Green Leather Alternative C．Crafting with Nature: Romania’s Fungal Tradition D．Mycelium’s Role: From Ancient Craft to Modern Innovation （四） （辽宁省鞍山市2023-2024高二下期末试卷） Imagine a relay race. During this race, an athlete holds a stick as he runs-a certain distance. Then he passes the stick to the next runner. That person runs faster, and then passes the stick to a third runner. Now imagine that the runners do not pass a stick. Instead they pass shiny silk, as well as gold, fruit, and glass. Imagine that the race does not move forward in just one direction. Instead the runners go back and forth along a road. They trade goods all along this route (路线) and at each end of it. Now imagine that the runners are businessmen. They lead caravans (商队) or lines of camels that carry things to sell. They travel on the ancient SilkRoad to earn their living. The Silk Road was a complex trade network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It stretched from eastern China, across central Asia and the Middle east, to the Mediterranean Sea. Businessmen traveled on the Silk Road from about 200 B．C． to about1300 A．D．. Then sea travel began to offer new routes. Some people called the Silk Road the world's longest highway. However, the Silk Road included many routes-not just one smooth path. The routes ran through mountains and across deserts. They passed through an area that now includes 18 countries. The Silk Road had many dangers. These dangers ranged from hot sun, and deep snow to thieves and wars. Only expert traders could survive. The Silk Road got its name from its most prized goods. People used silk as money. They could pay taxes or buy goods with it. Traders carried more than just silk, though. They had gold, silver, and glass from Europe. People in the Middle East and Asia wanted these things. Businessmen also took horses from flat, grassy areas in central Asia and brought them to China and other areas. The horses changed the way people farmed and ran their armies. Indian businessmen traded salt and rare, beautiful stones. Chinese merchants traded medicine and china. They also traded paper, which quickly replaced animal skins in the west. Businessmen carried apples from central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to combine different trees to create new kinds of fruit. They taught this science to others, such as the Romans. The Romans began to grow apples for food. The Silk Road led to worldwide commerce 2,000 years before the World Wide Web. The people along the Silk Road did not share only goods. They also shared beliefs. Monks, priests,  and other faith leaders taught their religions to others. The Silk Road created pathways for knowledge, diplomacy, and religion. 1．People turned to the sea for new routes after around 1300A．D．because . A．the Silk Road included many routes B．the Silk Road passed through many areas C．people traveled on the Silk Road for too long D．there were more dangers along the Silk Road 2．Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the word “prized”  in paragraph 3? A．Influential B．Private C．Valuable D．Useful 3．It can be inferred from the passage that_______. A．silk Road was built by China. B．there used to be deaths along the path C．trade went along with religion D．many apple trees used to grow along the path 4．In which column of a newspaper can we most probably read the article? A．Science. B．Travel. C．Sports. D．Culture. （五） （辽宁省2023-2024高二下期末试题） （六） Green hydrogen is now part of the global strategy to reduce carbon footprint and switch to renewable energy sources. Together with electric cars, hydrogen engines are intended to become the main alternative to traditional vehicles. Hydrogen emits only water when burned. But creating it can be carbon-intensive. So various ways to lessen this impact have been developed and scientists assign colors to the different types to distinguish between them. And green hydrogen is the only type produced in a climate-neutral manner, meaning it could play a vital role in global efforts to reduce emissions to net zero by 2050. Green hydrogen is produced in an environmentally friendly way without the use of nuclear energy and natural gas. Instead, the most harmless method called electrolysis is used. During the process, electric current is passed through a substance to effect (引起) a chemical change. This will get rid of 830 million tons of harmful carbon dioxide emissions per year. Now, when the cost of solar and wind energy is falling rapidly, there is a chance for the massive introduction of hydrogen energy. In this regard, Europe began to create the necessary facilities and production based on electrolysis. The International Energy Agency marks a record increase in electrolysis for the production of green hydrogen. It predicts that the price of hydrogen fuel will fall by at least 30% by 2030, making it as affordable as other fuels. According to Allied Market Research, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle market will reach $42 billion by 2026. The key factors that impact the growth of the global market also include increase in environmental concerns, technological advancement and future potential. Hydrogen-powered cars are already produced by some giant automakers. California will build 100 hydrogen filling stations, and plan to bring the number of zero-emission vehicles to 1.5 million by 2025. Airbus has announced plans to accelerate development of commercial hydrogen-powered jets and do away with the use of mixed engines altogether. This means the first zero-emission aircraft will be available by 2035. 1．What do different colors of hydrogen stand for? A．The level of potential dangers. B．The popularity ranking in the market. C．The quantity of carbon emission while creating it. D．The amounts of water emission while burning it. 2．How is green hydrogen produced? A．By burning natural gas. B．By causing nuclear reaction. C．By burning carbon dioxide. D．By using electric current. 3．What do the figures in paragraphs 3 and 4 indicate? A．Hydrogen fuel has been widely applied. B．The future of green hydrogen is promising. C．The green hydrogen has a long way to go. D．The cost of solar energy is rising sharply. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Hydrogen-powered cars are coming to the market. B．The first zero-emission aircraft will be available. C．Hydrogen technology helps restore the economy. D．Green hydrogen is replacing traditional energy. （七） （辽宁省锦州市2023-2024高二下期末试卷） Coffee is one of the world’s favorite drinks that regular drinkers in the US consume more than three times a day. But the coffee bean itself is under threat from climate change. Now a Finnish research group has planted beans in the lab to offer the world sustainable coffee. The result is a drink that smells and tastes almost the same as the conventional coffee. “It’s not perfect,” admitted lead researcher Heiko Rischer, “because good coffee making is an art, but this could be the start of something beautiful. I estimate we are only four years away from ramping up production and having regulatory (监管的) approval from the FDA in place. Scientists say the issues with coffee as a commercial crop are widely known. However, environmental decline and climate change are real threats to the practicability of the coffee industry. Deforestation (毁林) alongside water pollution and biodiversity loss are some of the worst outcomes. Rising temperatures, drought and flood, or pests, can destroy harvests. Although growing coffee in bioreactors (生物反应器) takes a lot of energy, chemicals are not needed at all, and any water employed in the process can be reused. Therefore, lab-grow n coffee could actually do a huge favor for the planet. We have now proved that lab-grown coffee can be a reality, said Rischer. “The true impact of this scientific work will happen through companies that are willing to rethink food production. Eventually, all efforts should result in more sustainable and health y food for the benefit of the consumers and the planet.” Coffee is one of the growing list of commercial crops that has problems caused by climate change. The Sustainable Coffee Challenge thinks coffee consumption could be three times as much by 2050, so society will need to produce the drink in much more efficient ways. Solving some of its toughest problems is a priority, but with science on our side, at least we have better alternatives. 1．What does the underlined phrase “ramping up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Increasing. B．Delaying. C．Reducing. D．Relieving. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The popularity of coffee. B．The threats to coffee planting. C．The necessity of planting lab-grown coffee. D．The disadvantages of planting lab-grown coffee. 3．What can we know about the lab-grown coffee from the text? A．It has gained FDA’s approval. B．It tastes better than the conventional coffee. C．It will contribute a lot to the consumers and the planet. D．It appeals to the companies that emphasize food production. 4．Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? A．Lab-grown coffee has become a reality. B．Coffee bean production is under threat. C．Drinking coffee is becoming a global trend. D．Problems of coffee growing will be solved. （八） （辽宁省部分高中2023-2024高二下期末联合试题） Here’s an AI tool you probably haven’t considered. Google’s AI-powered Search Generative Experience (SGE) is getting a mass of updates this December, including a feature that lets you dream up a product out of nothing with artificial intelligence, and then search the web for something similar that exists in the real world. “We’re introducing Al-powered image generation for shopping to put desired items into your cart (购物车),” said Julie Black, Google’s Consumer Shopping Product Director. “Soon, when using SGE to search for clothes, you can generate photo-realistic images based on search terms and shop matching products.” For instance, assume you’re looking for a winter coat. Type it in Google, and it’ll show an image. You can modify it with prompts (提示) like “more colorful” or “metallic fabric.” After that, Google’s image recognition searches through 35 billion products in its shopping tool to find the closest match online. This new update brings AI improvements to Google’s shopping tools, some available immediately. For users who choose to participate, Google suggests AI-generated gift ideas based on search terms. If shopping for an amateur chef, users can search for “great gifts for home cooks” and Google will recommend AI-powered suggestions like traditional ingredients, culinary subscriptions, or cooking classes. There’s a new virtual home try-on feature. Enter a phrase and get results from participating brands with a “try on” button. Google shows AI-generated images of models wearing the clothes. You can choose from models who resemble you based on body type and skin color. Google Search and its competitors organize the web by identifying keywords on a page. Users must phrase their questions in words Google can understand. Essentially, we’re shaping our thoughts for a computer. The long-term vision of AI is computers’ understanding human language, enabling users to ask questions naturally. These new shopping tools from Google seem fun; perhaps they’ll be useful, or they might just be gimmicks (噱头). Either way, they may be a pre view of the future. 1．What is a feature of SGE? A．It identifies the price of goods. B．It evaluates shoppers’ shopping habits. C．It tracks shoppers’ preferences. D．It creates realistic images based on search terms. 2．What would Google show regarding “virtual try-on” feature? A．3D images of model wearing actual products. B．Virtual try-on effects of the shoppers themselves. C．Virtual pictures of models posing with the products. D．Detailed information and review s of the products. 3．What do users usually need to do, when using Google search? A．Use specific keyword phrases. B．Wait for AI to generate suggestions. C．Select the most relevant link in the search results. D．Express inquiries accessible to computing systems. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards Google’s new shopping tool? A．Neutral. B．Skeptical. C．Opposed. D．Supportive. （九） （辽宁省本溪市县级重点高中协作体2023-2024高二下期末试题） When it comes to the capital city of Japan, people often picture a crowded modern city of concrete jungle (水泥丛林). Tokyo has little space for parks covered with trees and grass. However, the condition is taking a turn for the better. In an attempt to add a little greenery to the concrete, Tokyo has a rooftop project started, in which man y city roofs are being turned into gardens. Rooftop planting has been on the rise since the city government made it mandatory (强制的) for new buildings to cover at least 20 percent of available space with greenery. “You see buildings and buildings all around Tokyo. Tokyo obviously notes more greenery as a city, and rooftop greening may be one way to do it.” said Atsuro Tarutoko, manager of the Hearton Hotel, which was built with a $100,000 rooftop garden. Green roofs house a wide range of pleats, which include flowers and grasses. They are appealing to the eyes. Apart from that, green roofs are environmentally friendly. Experts say the green rolls also provide environmental benefits as the gardens cut is door temperatures , reducing air-conditioning costs. “I believe part of our jobs is to try to add some quality space into the city’s surroundings and allow local people to feel that quality,” said Aya Mugita, a construction project developer at a recent green technology display in Tokyo. Some information technology companies are already cashing in on the rooftop greenery business. “We provide software that figures out the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) that can be absorbed by a garden based on the types and numbers of trees to be planted there,” said Yutaka Tanaka of Tokyo-based software designer Ecol System. But experts say changing the city jungle into a green garden will take tens of years. 1．What is the purpose of the rooftop project in Tokyo? A．To increase living space. B．To make the city greener. C．To improve construction quality. D．To save concrete used in building. 2．What can be known about the roof plants? A．They are easy to plant. B．They have limited variety. C．They take up too much space. D．They beautify the surroundings. 3．What do the experts mean in the last paragraph? A．The project is not well received by the citizens. B．Long-term efforts are needed to achieve the change. C．The IT companies will help build all the green roofs. D．Tokyo citizens are expected to live in green houses soon. 4．What is the suitable title for the text? A．Enlarged City Size in Japan B．Benefits of Rooftop Greenery C．Rooftop Garden Out of Concrete Jungle D．Environmentally Friendly Building Materials （十） （辽宁省沈阳市省重点中学五校联考2023-2024高二下期末试题） The impacts of climate change on people’s health around the world, including deaths due to heatwaves and the consequences of food insecurity, are at their “most worrying” since an international initiative began tracking them five years ago. All 16 indicators of the health impacts of a warming world are worsening, The Lancet Countdown report published recently shows. “Climate change-induced shocks are claiming lives, damaging health and disrupting (扰乱) livelihoods in all parts of the world right now. That means no continent or community remains untouched,” says Ian Hamilton at University College London. The report found that between 2000 and 2018, the number of heat-related deaths each year in people aged over 65 jumped by almost 54 percent to 296,000 globally. Most were in Japan, China, India, and Europe. More than half of 196 countries saw an increase in the risk of people exposed to wildfires between 2016-2019, compared to 2001-2004. Based on area rather than population, Australia saw one of the biggest increases in wildfire risk between the same periods. Hamilton, the director of The Lancet Countdown initiative, urged governments to make sure the carbon-cutting plans they submit to the United Nations ahead of the COP26 climate summit (峰会) next year — known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) — are not just ambitious, but factor in health. “At the moment, health is not featuring among the NDCs in the way that it needs to,” he says, highlighting the urgent need for immediate action to reduce the destructive health impacts of climate change. Failure to take action now will lead to even more severe consequences for people’s health and well-being in the future. 1．What can be inferred from Hamilton’s words in paragraph 2? A．People’s livelihoods need improvement. B．It’s time to take personal health seriously. C．People on Earth are all victims of climate change. D．Climate change is the leading cause of food insecurity. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The destruction of natural disasters. B．The reasons for worsening global warming. C．The urgency of reducing heat-related deaths. D．The effects of climate change on human health. 3．What does Hamilton expect governments to do? A．Include health problems in NDCs. B．Play their parts in reducing carbon. C．Educate the public about health issues. D．Raise citizens’ environmental awareness. 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A research plan. C．A travel brochure. D．A biology textbook. （十一） （辽宁省大连市2023~2024高二下期末试卷） Cyber-attacks may sound like something that happens only in Hollywood movies. You picture a team of talented hackers gathered around computer monitors trying to break into a secure bank or some important severs. In reality, cyber-attacks are much less exciting but no less dangerous. Cyber-attacks can happen to anybody. It doesn’t matter who you are; cyber criminals can target you. While many often think hacking victims were clueless abut digital security best practices, this isn’t always the case. True, there are plenty of apparent scams (骗局) that can be easily identified, but there are many attacks that can fool even the skillful computer-users. Criminals create fake websites and email addresses. You may think you are clicking a link to Dropbox, only to download malware (恶意软件) onto your computer, and may never know when you have visited the wrong site and downloaded an infected file. So, it’s up to you to be vigilant and protect yourself. So you need to learn to recognize the signs of cyber-attacks. First, recognize suspicious activity on your accounts or devices. While some things may be obvious, such as account password changes, others aren’t so easy to spot. And then, you might receive a file from a trusted sender whose mail has been leaked. Sometimes, the data are even real, but the hacker may have inserted a few lines of code that can also infect your computer. You should take the time to check your “Task Manager” to get a sense of what programs are running. Check anything suspicious that’s running in the background. That’s often the sign of malware. Other things to watch out for include: random device or internet slowdown; the software you don’t recognize; inability to access your account or unscheduled shutdowns and restarts. As with everything, prevention is the best medicine. So, instead of waiting for cyber-attacks to hit you, recognize the signs to protect yourself. 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．Cyber-attacks are not really dangerous. B．Anyone can be subject to cyber-attacks. C．People don’t realize the risk of cyber-attacks. D．Cyber-attacks in Hollywood movies are exciting. 2．What does the underlined word “vigilant” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Dismissive. B．Upset. C．Cautious. D．Concerned. 3．How do you find you might be attacked by cyber criminals? A．A trusted friend sent you a file. B．Your internet slows down strangely. C．You can access your account with ease. D．Your account password functions normally. 4．What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To clarify the definition of cyber-attacks. B．To analyze different types of cyber-attacks. C．To introduce how to identify cyber-attacks. D．To entertain readers with cyber-attacks in movies. （十二） （辽宁省朝阳市建平县高级中学2023-2024高二下期末试题） If you’re thinking about growing apples, now is the time to test different kinds and talk with local growers. This advice comes from gardening writer Lee Reich. His books include The Pruning (修剪) Book and Weedless Gardening. Reich grows an apple called Hudson’s Golden Gem, and he does so for one reason — the taste. He says the fruit’s wonderful taste makes it truly special. When you buy apples at the store, your choice is limited to the 12 or more kinds available for sale. Gardeners, however, have more choices. They can plant any of more than 5,000 different kinds of apples. Gardeners can also harvest their apples just as each kind reaches its moment of perfection. Reich says his Macoun apples taste much better than any Macoun apples found in stores. One reason is that his can be left to ripen until they nearly fall off the tree. Here are some other flavorful apples to plant. The Ashmead’s Kernel apple was first grown more than 200 years ago in a garden belonging to Dr. Ashmead in Gloucester, England. The apple has a reddish, golden brown color. Inside, it has tasty, sharp flesh. Cox’s Orange Pippin is another old apple from England. It was first grown by Richard Cox in 1825. This apple’s orange and red color makes it unpopular in the American market. But it is loved for its strong taste. Ellison’s Orange is another British apple that came from Lincolnshire in 1911. It is a late summer or early autumn apple, golden yellow with stripes, with juicy flesh. Before you run out to buy trees to grow the kinds you love to eat, Reich does have a warning: Apples are not easy to grow in many parts of the country. The plants require yearly pruning and insect control. But if you’re willing to learn how to keep the unwanted insects away, a few kinds of trees chosen for their taste will give you years of good eating. 1．What can we infer about Lee Reich? A．He is a teacher. B．He loves planting. C．He grows a very rare kind of flower. D．His books are about how to sell trees. 2．Why are Reich’s Macoun apples tastier than those in the store? A．They are naturally ripe. B．They are planted in the garden. C．They have been picked out carefully. D．They are genetically modified products. 3．How many types of apples are mentioned in the text? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 4．What do you need to do in planting apple trees according to the last paragraph? A．Water enough. B．Read many relative books. C．Pay attention to light and nutrition. D．Prune the trees and remove insects. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解说明文 （一） （辽宁省沈阳市联合体2023-2024高二下期末试题） Someone has put forward a dream home which is so advanced that its kitchen can suggest what to make with certain things. Also, a Microsoft home doesn’t just warn you when you’re out of milk — it can send you a fresh gallon. But are these innovations just magic, or are they really coming soon to a neighborhood near you? To find out, US News asked some experts to get their opinions about the home of the not-so-distant future. Here’s a look at the innovations. The housing boom was marked by mass-produced buildings filled with units which look the same. The coming years, however, will give way to a personalized approach to home construction, with houses as more of an instrument of self-expression. “The successful builders will be the ones that figure out how to change their production model enough to make the buyers feel like they are really getting something that is designed for them, not just a model,” says Kermit Baker, the chief economist at the American Institute of Architects. Future homes will probably become smaller. “We will be building smaller but smarter houses,” says Ed MeMahon, a senior resident fellow at the Urban Land Institute. “Instead of having a room for just one use, consumers will demand homes that make better use of space,” says Susanka, whose best-selling book, The Not So Big House, has become increasingly influential in home design. Seldom-used quarters, such as dining and living rooms, will be replaced with space that can serve both functions. “The goal of his ‘right-size’ home is to fit its owners like a specially cut suit rather than a jacket you buy in a store,” says Susanka. 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To present the main idea the passage. B．To present what the future house is like. C．To lead to the topic of the passage. D．To show the history the housing. 2．What were houses like during the housing boom? A．Almost all the houses had no their own features. B．The houses were designed according to owners’ idea. C．The houses were smaller but smarter than before. D．The houses could change production model easily. 3．What kind of house may be popular in the future? A．Those that are much bigger and brighter. B．Those that are much smaller but smarter. C．Those that are much bigger and smarter. D．Those that are environmental and energy saving. 4．What’s Susanka’s opinion about smart house? A．Smart houses have a room for every use. B．Smart houses can make better use of space. C．Smart houses have very advanced furniture. D．Smart houses can warn you when you’re out of milk. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了未来的房子更小但更智能。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Someone has put forward a dream home which is so advanced that its kitchen can suggest what to make with certain things. Also, a Microsoft home doesn’t just warn you when you’re out of milk—it can send you a fresh gallon.(有人提出了一个梦想之家，它是如此先进，以至于它的厨房可以建议用某些东西做什么。此外，微软家居不仅会在你的牛奶用完时提醒你，还会给你送来一加仑新鲜的牛奶)”以及第二段“But are these innovations just magic, or are they really coming soon to a neighborhood near you? To find out, US News asked some experts to get their opinions about the home of the not-so-distant future. Here’s a look at the innovations.(但是，这些创新仅仅是魔术，还是它们真的很快就会出现在你身边?为了找到答案，《美国新闻与世界报道》采访了一些专家，征求他们对不久的将来的家园的看法。让我们来看看这些创新)”可知，作者在第一段提到a dream home and a Microsoft home是为了引出本文话题。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The housing boom was marked by mass-produced buildings filled with units which look the same.(房地产繁荣的标志是大量生产的建筑，里面充斥着看起来一模一样的单元)”可知，在房产繁荣时期，几乎所有的房子没有自己的特点。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Future homes will probably become smaller. “We will be building smaller but smarter houses,” says Ed MeMahon, a senior resident fellow at the Urban Land Institute.(未来的房子可能会变得更小。“我们将建造更小但更智能的房子，”城市土地研究所高级研究员埃德•梅洪表示)”可知，未来的房子可能更小更智能。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段““Instead of having a room for just one use, consumers will demand homes that make better use of space(消费者将要求更好地利用空间，而不是只有一个用途的房间)”可知，更智能的房子指的是能够更好地利用空间的房子。故选B。 （二） （辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟2023-2024高二下期末试题） Nowadays, the world is slowly becoming a high-tech society and we are now surrounded by technology. Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail. Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them. Social media, texting and e-mail all make it much easier to communicate, gather and pass information. But they also present some dangers. By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism theatrical metaphor (隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and protect a more perfect self to the world. As we become more reliant on these tools, they become more a part of our daily routine and so we become more restricted in this fantasy. So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges. Would a celebrity have been so daring to do something dishonorable if he had had to do it in person? Doubtful. It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations, as if he could continually push the limits of what’s acceptable without facing the consequences of “real life.” 1．The author compares e-mail with snail mail to show ________. A．the influence of high-tech on our life B．the history of different types of mails C．the value of traditional communications D．the rapid development of social media 2．What can we know about new communication tools? A．Destroying our life totally. B．Posing more dangers than good. C．Helping us to hide our faults. D．Replacing traditional letters. 3．What is the potential threat caused by the novel communication tools? A．Sheltering us from virtual life. B．Removing face-to-face interaction. C．Leading to false mental perception. D．Making us rely more on hi-tech media. 4．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．Technologies have changed our relationships. B．The digital world is a recipe for pushing limits. C．Love can be better conveyed by text message. D．The digital self need not take responsibility. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了新型通讯工具如何影响人们的行为和认知，电子邮件等高科技通讯方式便利了沟通，但也可能让人隐藏缺点、产生错误心理认知，甚至挑战现实世界的规则与极限。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail.(Facebook和Twitter是创新工具；短信仍然是一种存在的现象，与我们悠久的蜗牛邮件历史相比，即使是电子邮件也只是屏幕上的一个亮点)”和第二段“Social media, texting and e-mail all make it much easier to communicate, gather and pass information.(社交媒体、短信和电子邮件都让交流、收集和传递信息变得更加容易)”可知，随着科技的进步，人们传递信息和沟通更加方便，这种比较突出了高科技如何改变我们的生活方式和沟通方式。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism theatrical metaphor (隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. (通过消除任何真正的人类参与，它们使我们能够发展出异常的自爱，而不会有遭到反对或批评的风险。这些新的交流形式提供了一个舞台，我们可以在这个舞台上创造自己的角色，隐藏在推特、状态更新和文本这些看不到的墙后面)”可知，新的通讯工具让我们更容易隐藏真实的自己并且维持一个更完美的自己，由此可推出它们在一定程度上帮助我们隐藏了自己的不足。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations, as if he could continually push the limits of what’s acceptable without facing the consequences of ‘real life.’(他似乎迷失在一个幻想世界中，最终说服自己相信数字自我可以遵守不同的规则和条例，就好像他可以在不面临‘现实生活’后果的情况下不断突破可接受的极限) ”可知，新型通讯工具会让人们可能陷入一种虚拟世界而逐渐忘记自己的现实生活，这种错误的认知可能会导致人们对自己的行为和决策产生误导，做出一些不合理的事情。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。由文章第三段“So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges.(因此，我们生活在一个寒冷的时代，名字和面孔代表着两种不同程度的亲密关系，工作关系只能通过电子邮件的魔力发生，爱情可以通过短信开始或结束。这样的环境将人际关系简化为纯粹的数字交流)”以及下段可知，这里主要讲述了新的通讯工具使得人们的沟通跨越了时间和距离，这使得人际关系简化为纯粹的数字交流，此外，人们还有可能因为迷失在虚拟世界而产生错误的认知影响现实世界，故由此可推出，科技推动通讯工具的进步也逐渐改变了人们的沟通交流方式，从而科技改变了人们之间的关系。故选A项。 （三） （辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2023-2024高二下期末试卷） In present-day Romania, a decreasing number of craftsmen practice what’s thought to be a centuries-old craft. They search the forest for a fungus (真菌), which grows within trees and sends out shelf-like mushrooms a few inches wide. The fungus is shaved lengthwise into thin strips. Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus. However, the craftsmen’s process in the early times was about searching for materials, not cultivating them for mass production. Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder — soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather.     The operation starts with agricultural waste, like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end. It can be easily mistaken for traditional leather. MycoWorks is one of a wave of innovators, all of whom assume that a better understanding of mycelium can redefine the limits of fashion and design. In recent years, MycoWorks’ products have been used in designer bags and pillows. CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added. 1．What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph? A．To stress the history of growing mushrooms. B．To introduce a fashion inspired by mushrooms. C．To show ancient mushroom growing techniques. D．To present the novel use of mushrooms in fashion. 2．What does paragraph 3 focus on about mycelium? A．Its growing process. B．Its high quality. C．Its shortcomings. D．Its working life. 3．What does Matt Scullin think of mycelium as a material in the field? A．It is straightforward to grow. B．It offers a rough feel. C．It promotes sustainability. D．It is oil-and-heat resistant. 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Fungus Crafts: An Endangered Heritage B．Mycelium: The Green Leather Alternative C．Crafting with Nature: Romania’s Fungal Tradition D．Mycelium’s Role: From Ancient Craft to Modern Innovation 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一种用菌类制作的皮革材料用于时尚业的新技术。 1．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus.(然后这些条被拉伸成宽片，可以制作成帽子、包、珠宝和装饰品。早在1903年，在现在的阿拉斯加州，有记载称特林吉特工匠用一种来自蘑菇的材料制作钱包。)”可知，罗马尼亚人和特林吉特工匠用菌类作为皮革材料制作包，由此可知，第一段的目的是展示蘑菇在时尚中的新用途。故选D项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The operation starts with agricultural waste, like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end.(该操作从农业废物开始，如锯末，加热以去除现有的微生物生命。一旦完成，它就会被放入不同大小的深盘子中。然后真菌加入进来，消化和生长。在某些情况下，可以添加织物使菌丝体在周围编织。菌丝体最终从木块上脱落，生长结束。)”可知，此处介绍的是菌丝培养是从加热农业废物开始，完成后放入深盘子中，真菌消化生长，也可以添加织物使菌丝在其周围编织，最后从木块脱落，生长结束，由此可知，第二段主要关注的是从开始加热锯末到最终长成的过程。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added.(首席执行官马特·斯卡林称赞菌丝体是一种时尚材料，“它有一点柔软的触感，它有弹性。当你触摸它时，它可以吸收手指上的油和热量。“早期的努力似乎更符合道德，并改善了生态足迹。”由这种材料制成的产品是完全可生物降解的，未来处理一双旧鞋可能意味着简单的堆肥”他补充道。)”可知，首席执行官马特·斯卡林称赞菌丝体是一种时尚材料，他认为这种材料制成的产品是完全可以生物降解的，由此可知，马特·斯卡林认为菌丝体作为该领域的一种材料促进可持续性。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据首段介绍的罗马尼亚人和特林吉特工匠用菌类作为皮革材料制作包引出本文的话题——菌类在时尚中的新用途，结合第二段中的“Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder—soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather.(今天，美国的生物技术公司MycoWorks是培养菌丝体的先驱。菌丝体是一种结构奇迹——柔软、致密、坚固，使其成为皮革的潜在替代品。)”以及下文中介绍的菌丝的培养过程和马特·斯卡林对菌丝体作为时尚界的一种材料的看法可知，本文主要介绍的是菌丝体可以成为皮革的替代品，所以标题“菌丝体：绿色皮革的替代品”与本文的主题吻合，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 （四） （辽宁省鞍山市2023-2024高二下期末试卷） Imagine a relay race. During this race, an athlete holds a stick as he runs-a certain distance. Then he passes the stick to the next runner. That person runs faster, and then passes the stick to a third runner. Now imagine that the runners do not pass a stick. Instead they pass shiny silk, as well as gold, fruit, and glass. Imagine that the race does not move forward in just one direction. Instead the runners go back and forth along a road. They trade goods all along this route (路线) and at each end of it. Now imagine that the runners are businessmen. They lead caravans (商队) or lines of camels that carry things to sell. They travel on the ancient SilkRoad to earn their living. The Silk Road was a complex trade network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It stretched from eastern China, across central Asia and the Middle east, to the Mediterranean Sea. Businessmen traveled on the Silk Road from about 200 B．C． to about1300 A．D．. Then sea travel began to offer new routes. Some people called the Silk Road the world's longest highway. However, the Silk Road included many routes-not just one smooth path. The routes ran through mountains and across deserts. They passed through an area that now includes 18 countries. The Silk Road had many dangers. These dangers ranged from hot sun, and deep snow to thieves and wars. Only expert traders could survive. The Silk Road got its name from its most prized goods. People used silk as money. They could pay taxes or buy goods with it. Traders carried more than just silk, though. They had gold, silver, and glass from Europe. People in the Middle East and Asia wanted these things. Businessmen also took horses from flat, grassy areas in central Asia and brought them to China and other areas. The horses changed the way people farmed and ran their armies. Indian businessmen traded salt and rare, beautiful stones. Chinese merchants traded medicine and china. They also traded paper, which quickly replaced animal skins in the west. Businessmen carried apples from central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to combine different trees to create new kinds of fruit. They taught this science to others, such as the Romans. The Romans began to grow apples for food. The Silk Road led to worldwide commerce 2,000 years before the World Wide Web. The people along the Silk Road did not share only goods. They also shared beliefs. Monks, priests,  and other faith leaders taught their religions to others. The Silk Road created pathways for knowledge, diplomacy, and religion. 1．People turned to the sea for new routes after around 1300A．D．because . A．the Silk Road included many routes B．the Silk Road passed through many areas C．people traveled on the Silk Road for too long D．there were more dangers along the Silk Road 2．Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the word “prized”  in paragraph 3? A．Influential B．Private C．Valuable D．Useful 3．It can be inferred from the passage that_______. A．silk Road was built by China. B．there used to be deaths along the path C．trade went along with religion D．many apple trees used to grow along the path 4．In which column of a newspaper can we most probably read the article? A．Science. B．Travel. C．Sports. D．Culture. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍丝绸之路上的人们不仅分享商品，他们也有共同的信仰，僧侣、牧师和其他宗教领袖把他们的宗教教给别人，丝绸之路为知识、外交和宗教开辟了道路。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Silk Road had many dangers. These dangers ranged from hot sun and deep snow to thieves and wars. Only expert traders could survive. (丝绸之路有很多危险。这些危险包括从炎热的太阳和厚厚的积雪到小偷和战争。只有专业商人才能生存。)”可知，大约在公元1300年后，人们转向大海寻找新的航线，因为在丝绸之路上有更多的危险。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。由第三段中“The Silk Road got its name from its most prized goods. People used silk as money. They could pay taxes or buy goods with it. Traders carried more than just silk, though. They had gold, silver, and glass from Europe. (丝绸之路因其最prized商品而得名。人们用丝绸当货币。他们可以用它纳税或购买商品。不过，贸易商携带的不仅仅是丝绸。它们有来自欧洲的黄金、白银和玻璃。)”可知，贸易商携带的丝绸（用作货币）、黄金、白银和玻璃等物都是很具有价值的，划线词意为“有价值的（valuable）”。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Only expert traders could survive. (只有专业商人才能生存。)”可知，这条路上曾经有过死亡。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍丝绸之路上的人们不仅分享商品，他们也有共同的信仰，僧侣、牧师和其他宗教领袖把他们的宗教教给别人，丝绸之路为知识、外交和宗教开辟了道路。这应该是关于中国古代文化的专栏。故选D。 （五） （辽宁省2023-2024高二下期末试题） （六） Green hydrogen is now part of the global strategy to reduce carbon footprint and switch to renewable energy sources. Together with electric cars, hydrogen engines are intended to become the main alternative to traditional vehicles. Hydrogen emits only water when burned. But creating it can be carbon-intensive. So various ways to lessen this impact have been developed and scientists assign colors to the different types to distinguish between them. And green hydrogen is the only type produced in a climate-neutral manner, meaning it could play a vital role in global efforts to reduce emissions to net zero by 2050. Green hydrogen is produced in an environmentally friendly way without the use of nuclear energy and natural gas. Instead, the most harmless method called electrolysis is used. During the process, electric current is passed through a substance to effect (引起) a chemical change. This will get rid of 830 million tons of harmful carbon dioxide emissions per year. Now, when the cost of solar and wind energy is falling rapidly, there is a chance for the massive introduction of hydrogen energy. In this regard, Europe began to create the necessary facilities and production based on electrolysis. The International Energy Agency marks a record increase in electrolysis for the production of green hydrogen. It predicts that the price of hydrogen fuel will fall by at least 30% by 2030, making it as affordable as other fuels. According to Allied Market Research, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle market will reach $42 billion by 2026. The key factors that impact the growth of the global market also include increase in environmental concerns, technological advancement and future potential. Hydrogen-powered cars are already produced by some giant automakers. California will build 100 hydrogen filling stations, and plan to bring the number of zero-emission vehicles to 1.5 million by 2025. Airbus has announced plans to accelerate development of commercial hydrogen-powered jets and do away with the use of mixed engines altogether. This means the first zero-emission aircraft will be available by 2035. 1．What do different colors of hydrogen stand for? A．The level of potential dangers. B．The popularity ranking in the market. C．The quantity of carbon emission while creating it. D．The amounts of water emission while burning it. 2．How is green hydrogen produced? A．By burning natural gas. B．By causing nuclear reaction. C．By burning carbon dioxide. D．By using electric current. 3．What do the figures in paragraphs 3 and 4 indicate? A．Hydrogen fuel has been widely applied. B．The future of green hydrogen is promising. C．The green hydrogen has a long way to go. D．The cost of solar energy is rising sharply. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Hydrogen-powered cars are coming to the market. B．The first zero-emission aircraft will be available. C．Hydrogen technology helps restore the economy. D．Green hydrogen is replacing traditional energy. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了绿色氢作为能源的好处以及未来的前景。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“So various ways to lessen this impact have been developed and scientists assign colors to the different types to distinguish between them.(因此，科学家们开发了各种方法来减轻这种影响，并为不同的类型分配颜色来区分它们)”可知，不同颜色的氢代表产生碳排放的数量。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead, the most harmless method called electrolysis is used.(取而代之的是使用最无害的电解方法)”可知，绿色氢通过使用电流产生。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“It predicts that the price of hydrogen fuel will fall by at least 30% by 2030, making it as affordable as other fuels. According to Allied Market Research, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle market will reach $42 billion by 2026.(该公司预测，到2030年，氢燃料的价格将至少下降30%，使其与其他燃料一样便宜。据联合市场研究公司称，到2026年，氢燃料电池汽车市场将达到420亿美元)”以及第四段“California will build 100 hydrogen filling stations, and plan to bring the number of zero-emission vehicles to 1.5 million by 2025.(加州将建设100个加氢站，并计划到2025年将零排放汽车的数量增加到150万辆)”可知，第3段和第4段中的数字说明了绿色氢的未来是有希望的。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Green hydrogen is now part of the global strategy to reduce carbon footprint and switch to renewable energy sources. Together with electric cars, hydrogen engines are intended to become the main alternative to traditional vehicles.(绿色氢现在是减少碳足迹和转向可再生能源的全球战略的一部分。与电动汽车一起，氢发动机将成为传统汽车的主要替代品)”结合文章主要说明了绿色氢作为能源的好处以及未来的前景。可知，这篇文章的主旨是绿色氢正在取代传统能源。故选D。 （七） （辽宁省锦州市2023-2024高二下期末试卷） Coffee is one of the world’s favorite drinks that regular drinkers in the US consume more than three times a day. But the coffee bean itself is under threat from climate change. Now a Finnish research group has planted beans in the lab to offer the world sustainable coffee. The result is a drink that smells and tastes almost the same as the conventional coffee. “It’s not perfect,” admitted lead researcher Heiko Rischer, “because good coffee making is an art, but this could be the start of something beautiful. I estimate we are only four years away from ramping up production and having regulatory (监管的) approval from the FDA in place. Scientists say the issues with coffee as a commercial crop are widely known. However, environmental decline and climate change are real threats to the practicability of the coffee industry. Deforestation (毁林) alongside water pollution and biodiversity loss are some of the worst outcomes. Rising temperatures, drought and flood, or pests, can destroy harvests. Although growing coffee in bioreactors (生物反应器) takes a lot of energy, chemicals are not needed at all, and any water employed in the process can be reused. Therefore, lab-grow n coffee could actually do a huge favor for the planet. We have now proved that lab-grown coffee can be a reality, said Rischer. “The true impact of this scientific work will happen through companies that are willing to rethink food production. Eventually, all efforts should result in more sustainable and health y food for the benefit of the consumers and the planet.” Coffee is one of the growing list of commercial crops that has problems caused by climate change. The Sustainable Coffee Challenge thinks coffee consumption could be three times as much by 2050, so society will need to produce the drink in much more efficient ways. Solving some of its toughest problems is a priority, but with science on our side, at least we have better alternatives. 1．What does the underlined phrase “ramping up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Increasing. B．Delaying. C．Reducing. D．Relieving. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The popularity of coffee. B．The threats to coffee planting. C．The necessity of planting lab-grown coffee. D．The disadvantages of planting lab-grown coffee. 3．What can we know about the lab-grown coffee from the text? A．It has gained FDA’s approval. B．It tastes better than the conventional coffee. C．It will contribute a lot to the consumers and the planet. D．It appeals to the companies that emphasize food production. 4．Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? A．Lab-grown coffee has become a reality. B．Coffee bean production is under threat. C．Drinking coffee is becoming a global trend. D．Problems of coffee growing will be solved. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了由于气候变化对咖啡种植带来的威胁，芬兰研究小组在实验室种植咖啡豆，以提供可持续的咖啡。这种实验室种植的咖啡对环境和消费者都有益处，有望成为一种更可持续和健康的食品选择。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“It’s not perfect,” admitted lead researcher Heiko Rischer, “because good coffee making is an art, but this could be the start of something beautiful. I estimate we are only four years away from ramping up production and having regulatory (监管的) approval from the FDA in place.(这并不完美，因为好的咖啡制作是一门艺术，但这可能是美好事物的开始。我估计我们距离ramping up生产和获得FDA的监管批准只有四年的时间)”可知，这种实验室种植的咖啡并不完美，还需继续研究，所以增加它的生产还需四年时间，可推理出“ramping up”在这里意思为“增加”。故选A项。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Scientists say the issues with coffee as a commercial crop are widely known. However, environmental decline and climate change are real threats to the practicability of the coffee industry. Deforestation (毁林) alongside water pollution and biodiversity loss are some of the worst outcomes. Rising temperatures, drought and flood, or pests, can destroy harvests.(科学家说，咖啡作为商业作物的问题广为人知。然而，环境恶化和气候变化对咖啡产业的实用性构成了真正的威胁。毁林、水污染和生物多样性丧失是最糟糕的结果之一。气温上升、干旱、洪水或害虫都可能毁掉收成)”可知，第三段主要讲述了咖啡种植面临的威胁。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Therefore, lab-grow n coffee could actually do a huge favor for the planet. We have now proved that lab-grown coffee can be a reality, said Rischer. “The true impact of this scientific work will happen through companies that are willing to rethink food production. Eventually, all efforts should result in more sustainable and health y food for the benefit of the consumers and the planet.”(因此，实验室种植的咖啡实际上可能对地球有很大的帮助。我们现在证明了实验室种植的咖啡可以成为现实，Rischer说。“这项科学工作的真正影响将通过愿意重新思考食品生产的公司来实现。最终，所有努力都应该为消费者和地球带来更可持续和健康的食物。”)”可知，实验室种植的咖啡将对消费者和地球有很大贡献。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Now a Finnish research group has planted beans in the lab to offer the world sustainable coffee(现在，一个芬兰研究小组在实验室种植咖啡豆，为世界提供可持续的咖啡)”、第四段“Therefore, lab-grow n coffee could actually do a huge favor for the planet. We have now proved that lab-grown coffee can be a reality, said Rischer. “The true impact of this scientific work will happen through companies that are willing to rethink food production. Eventually, all efforts should result in more sustainable and health y food for the benefit of the consumers and the planet.”(因此，实验室种植的咖啡实际上可能对地球有很大的帮助。我们现在证明了实验室种植的咖啡可以成为现实，Rischer说。“这项科学工作的真正影响将通过愿意重新思考食品生产的公司来实现。最终，所有努力都应该为消费者和地球带来更可持续和健康的食物。”)”以及最后一段“Coffee is one of the growing list of commercial crops that has problems caused by climate change. The Sustainable Coffee Challenge thinks coffee consumption could be three times as much by 2050, so society will need to produce the drink in much more efficient ways. Solving some of its toughest problems is a priority, but with science on our side, at least we have better alternatives.(咖啡是越来越多受气候变化影响的商业作物之一。The Sustainable Coffee Challenge认为，到2050年，咖啡消费量可能会增加三倍，因此社会将需要以更高效的方式生产这种饮料。解决其中一些最棘手的问题是当务之急，但有了科学的支持，至少我们有了一些更好的选择)”可知，文章讲述了由于气候变化对咖啡种植带来的威胁，芬兰研究小组在实验室种植咖啡豆，以提供可持续的咖啡。这种实验室种植的咖啡对环境和消费者都有益处，有望成为一种更可持续和健康的食品选择，这篇文章的主要内容是实验室种植的咖啡已经成为现实。故选A项。 （八） （辽宁省部分高中2023-2024高二下期末联合试题） Here’s an AI tool you probably haven’t considered. Google’s AI-powered Search Generative Experience (SGE) is getting a mass of updates this December, including a feature that lets you dream up a product out of nothing with artificial intelligence, and then search the web for something similar that exists in the real world. “We’re introducing Al-powered image generation for shopping to put desired items into your cart (购物车),” said Julie Black, Google’s Consumer Shopping Product Director. “Soon, when using SGE to search for clothes, you can generate photo-realistic images based on search terms and shop matching products.” For instance, assume you’re looking for a winter coat. Type it in Google, and it’ll show an image. You can modify it with prompts (提示) like “more colorful” or “metallic fabric.” After that, Google’s image recognition searches through 35 billion products in its shopping tool to find the closest match online. This new update brings AI improvements to Google’s shopping tools, some available immediately. For users who choose to participate, Google suggests AI-generated gift ideas based on search terms. If shopping for an amateur chef, users can search for “great gifts for home cooks” and Google will recommend AI-powered suggestions like traditional ingredients, culinary subscriptions, or cooking classes. There’s a new virtual home try-on feature. Enter a phrase and get results from participating brands with a “try on” button. Google shows AI-generated images of models wearing the clothes. You can choose from models who resemble you based on body type and skin color. Google Search and its competitors organize the web by identifying keywords on a page. Users must phrase their questions in words Google can understand. Essentially, we’re shaping our thoughts for a computer. The long-term vision of AI is computers’ understanding human language, enabling users to ask questions naturally. These new shopping tools from Google seem fun; perhaps they’ll be useful, or they might just be gimmicks (噱头). Either way, they may be a pre view of the future. 1．What is a feature of SGE? A．It identifies the price of goods. B．It evaluates shoppers’ shopping habits. C．It tracks shoppers’ preferences. D．It creates realistic images based on search terms. 2．What would Google show regarding “virtual try-on” feature? A．3D images of model wearing actual products. B．Virtual try-on effects of the shoppers themselves. C．Virtual pictures of models posing with the products. D．Detailed information and review s of the products. 3．What do users usually need to do, when using Google search? A．Use specific keyword phrases. B．Wait for AI to generate suggestions. C．Select the most relevant link in the search results. D．Express inquiries accessible to computing systems. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards Google’s new shopping tool? A．Neutral. B．Skeptical. C．Opposed. D．Supportive. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文的体裁属于说明文。文章介绍了Google即将推出的AI技术更新，特别强调了Search Generative Experience（SGE）在购物领域的应用，包括AI生成图像、虚拟试穿等功能，并讨论了这些技术对用户搜索和购物体验的潜在影响。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Soon, when using SGE to search for clothes, you can generate photo-realistic images based on search terms and shop matching products.”（很快，当使用SGE搜索衣服时，你可以根据搜索条件生成逼真的图像，并购买匹配的产品。）可知，SGE的特点是根据搜索词生成逼真的图像。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“There’s a new virtual home try-on feature. Enter a phrase and get results from participating brands with a “try on” button. Google shows AI-generated images of models wearing the clothes. You can choose from models who resemble you based on body type and skin color.”（有一个新的虚拟家庭试戴功能。输入一个短语，就可以通过“试穿”按钮从参与的品牌中获得结果。谷歌展示了人工智能生成的模特穿着这些衣服的图像。你可以根据体型和肤色选择与你相似的模特。）可知，谷歌展示的是AI生成的模特穿着衣物的虚拟图像。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“Users must phrase their questions in words Google can understand”（用户必须用谷歌能理解的词语来表达他们的问题。）可知，用户需要用谷歌能理解的词汇来表达他们的查询，这意味着用户需要以计算机系统可访问的方式表达询问。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“These new shopping tools from Google seem fun; perhaps they’ll be useful, or they might just be gimmicks (噱头).”（谷歌的这些新的购物工具看起来很有趣；也许它们会有用，或者它们可能只是噱头。）可知，作者对于谷歌新购物工具的态度是比较中立的，既提到了可能的趣味性和实用性，也暗示了它们有可能只是噱头。故选A。 （九） （辽宁省本溪市县级重点高中协作体2023-2024高二下期末试题） When it comes to the capital city of Japan, people often picture a crowded modern city of concrete jungle (水泥丛林). Tokyo has little space for parks covered with trees and grass. However, the condition is taking a turn for the better. In an attempt to add a little greenery to the concrete, Tokyo has a rooftop project started, in which man y city roofs are being turned into gardens. Rooftop planting has been on the rise since the city government made it mandatory (强制的) for new buildings to cover at least 20 percent of available space with greenery. “You see buildings and buildings all around Tokyo. Tokyo obviously notes more greenery as a city, and rooftop greening may be one way to do it.” said Atsuro Tarutoko, manager of the Hearton Hotel, which was built with a $100,000 rooftop garden. Green roofs house a wide range of pleats, which include flowers and grasses. They are appealing to the eyes. Apart from that, green roofs are environmentally friendly. Experts say the green rolls also provide environmental benefits as the gardens cut is door temperatures , reducing air-conditioning costs. “I believe part of our jobs is to try to add some quality space into the city’s surroundings and allow local people to feel that quality,” said Aya Mugita, a construction project developer at a recent green technology display in Tokyo. Some information technology companies are already cashing in on the rooftop greenery business. “We provide software that figures out the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) that can be absorbed by a garden based on the types and numbers of trees to be planted there,” said Yutaka Tanaka of Tokyo-based software designer Ecol System. But experts say changing the city jungle into a green garden will take tens of years. 1．What is the purpose of the rooftop project in Tokyo? A．To increase living space. B．To make the city greener. C．To improve construction quality. D．To save concrete used in building. 2．What can be known about the roof plants? A．They are easy to plant. B．They have limited variety. C．They take up too much space. D．They beautify the surroundings. 3．What do the experts mean in the last paragraph? A．The project is not well received by the citizens. B．Long-term efforts are needed to achieve the change. C．The IT companies will help build all the green roofs. D．Tokyo citizens are expected to live in green houses soon. 4．What is the suitable title for the text? A．Enlarged City Size in Japan B．Benefits of Rooftop Greenery C．Rooftop Garden Out of Concrete Jungle D．Environmentally Friendly Building Materials 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述日本东京高楼林立，被称为水泥森林，为增加城市绿化面积，东京在楼顶进行种植和绿化。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In an attempt to add a little greenery to the concrete, Tokyo has a rooftop project started, in which man y city roofs are being turned into gardens. (为了给混凝土增添一点绿色，东京开始了一项屋顶项目，许多城市的屋顶正在被改造成花园。)”可知，屋顶项目的目的是让城市更加绿化。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Green roofs house a wide range of pleats, which include flowers and grasses. They are appealing to the eyes. (绿色屋顶容纳了各种各样的褶皱，包括花和草。它们很吸引人的眼睛。)”可知，植物美化周围环境。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But experts say changing the city jungle into a green garden will take tens of years. (但专家表示，将城市丛林改造成绿色花园需要几十年的时间。)”可推知，实现这一转变需要长期努力。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In an attempt to add a little greenery to the concrete, Tokyo has a rooftop project started, in which man y city roofs are being turned into gardens. (为了给混凝土增添一点绿色，东京开始了一项屋顶项目，许多城市的屋顶正在被改造成花园。)”结合文章讲述日本东京高楼林立，被称为水泥森林，为增加城市绿化面积，东京在楼顶进行种植和绿化。所以C项“水泥森林中的屋顶花园”符合文章标题。故选C。 （十） （辽宁省沈阳市省重点中学五校联考2023-2024高二下期末试题） The impacts of climate change on people’s health around the world, including deaths due to heatwaves and the consequences of food insecurity, are at their “most worrying” since an international initiative began tracking them five years ago. All 16 indicators of the health impacts of a warming world are worsening, The Lancet Countdown report published recently shows. “Climate change-induced shocks are claiming lives, damaging health and disrupting (扰乱) livelihoods in all parts of the world right now. That means no continent or community remains untouched,” says Ian Hamilton at University College London. The report found that between 2000 and 2018, the number of heat-related deaths each year in people aged over 65 jumped by almost 54 percent to 296,000 globally. Most were in Japan, China, India, and Europe. More than half of 196 countries saw an increase in the risk of people exposed to wildfires between 2016-2019, compared to 2001-2004. Based on area rather than population, Australia saw one of the biggest increases in wildfire risk between the same periods. Hamilton, the director of The Lancet Countdown initiative, urged governments to make sure the carbon-cutting plans they submit to the United Nations ahead of the COP26 climate summit (峰会) next year — known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) — are not just ambitious, but factor in health. “At the moment, health is not featuring among the NDCs in the way that it needs to,” he says, highlighting the urgent need for immediate action to reduce the destructive health impacts of climate change. Failure to take action now will lead to even more severe consequences for people’s health and well-being in the future. 1．What can be inferred from Hamilton’s words in paragraph 2? A．People’s livelihoods need improvement. B．It’s time to take personal health seriously. C．People on Earth are all victims of climate change. D．Climate change is the leading cause of food insecurity. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The destruction of natural disasters. B．The reasons for worsening global warming. C．The urgency of reducing heat-related deaths. D．The effects of climate change on human health. 3．What does Hamilton expect governments to do? A．Include health problems in NDCs. B．Play their parts in reducing carbon. C．Educate the public about health issues. D．Raise citizens’ environmental awareness. 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A research plan. C．A travel brochure. D．A biology textbook. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究报告，即气候变化对世界各地人民的健康的影响越来越大。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Climate change-induced shocks are claiming lives, damaging health and disrupting (扰乱) livelihoods in all parts of the world right now. That means no continent or community remains untouched,’ says Ian Hamilton at University College London.(‘气候变化引发的冲击正在夺走生命，破坏健康，扰乱世界各地的生计，这意味着没有一个大陆或社区能够幸免。’伦敦大学学院的伊恩·汉密尔顿（IanHamilton）说)”可知，地球上的所有人都会受到气候变化的影响，成为其受害者。故选C项。 2． 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The report found that between 2000 and 2018, the number of heat-related deaths each year in people aged over 65 jumped by almost 54 percent to 296,000 globally. Most were in Japan, China, India, and Europe. More than half of 196 countries saw an increase in the risk of people exposed to wildfires between 2016-2019, compared to 2001-2004. Based on area rather than population, Australia saw one of the biggest increases in wildfire risk between the same periods.(该报告发现，在2000年至2018年期间，全球65岁以上人群每年与热有关的死亡人数激增近54%，达到296000人。大多数在日本、中国、印度和欧洲。与2001-2004年相比，196个国家中有一半以上的国家在2016-2019年期间暴露于野火的风险增加。根据面积而非人口，澳大利亚是同期野火风险增加最多的国家之一。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了气候变化对人类健康造成的影响。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hamilton, the director of The Lancet Countdown initiative, urged governments to make sure the carbon-cutting plans they submit to the United Nations ahead of the COP26 climate summit (峰会) next year — known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) — are not just ambitious, but factor in health. ‘At the moment, health is not featuring among the NDCs in the way that it needs to,’ he says, highlighting the urgent need for immediate action to reduce the destructive health impacts of climate change. Failure to take action now will lead to even more severe consequences for people’s health and well-being in the future.(Lancet Countdown倡议的负责人Hamilton敦促各国政府确保在明年COP26气候峰会之前向联合国提交的碳减排计划——即国家自主贡献（NDCs）——不仅雄心勃勃，而且考虑到健康因素。他说：‘目前，健康并没有以它需要的方式出现在国家数据中心中。’他强调，迫切需要立即采取行动，减少气候变化对健康的破坏性影响。现在不采取行动将对人们未来的健康和福祉造成更严重的后果。)”可知，Hamilton期望政府能将健康问题纳入NDCs的考量范围之内。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。由文章第一段“The impacts of climate change on people’s health around the world, including deaths due to heatwaves and the consequences of food insecurity, are at their ‘most worrying’since an international initiative began tracking them five years ago.(气候变化对世界各地人民健康的影响，包括热浪造成的死亡和粮食不安全的后果，是自五年前一项国际倡议开始跟踪以来‘最令人担忧’的。)”以及下文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究报告，即气候变化对世界各地人民的健康的影响越来越大。由此可推知，本文最有可能来自一篇新闻报道。故选A项。 （十一） （辽宁省大连市2023~2024高二下期末试卷） Cyber-attacks may sound like something that happens only in Hollywood movies. You picture a team of talented hackers gathered around computer monitors trying to break into a secure bank or some important severs. In reality, cyber-attacks are much less exciting but no less dangerous. Cyber-attacks can happen to anybody. It doesn’t matter who you are; cyber criminals can target you. While many often think hacking victims were clueless abut digital security best practices, this isn’t always the case. True, there are plenty of apparent scams (骗局) that can be easily identified, but there are many attacks that can fool even the skillful computer-users. Criminals create fake websites and email addresses. You may think you are clicking a link to Dropbox, only to download malware (恶意软件) onto your computer, and may never know when you have visited the wrong site and downloaded an infected file. So, it’s up to you to be vigilant and protect yourself. So you need to learn to recognize the signs of cyber-attacks. First, recognize suspicious activity on your accounts or devices. While some things may be obvious, such as account password changes, others aren’t so easy to spot. And then, you might receive a file from a trusted sender whose mail has been leaked. Sometimes, the data are even real, but the hacker may have inserted a few lines of code that can also infect your computer. You should take the time to check your “Task Manager” to get a sense of what programs are running. Check anything suspicious that’s running in the background. That’s often the sign of malware. Other things to watch out for include: random device or internet slowdown; the software you don’t recognize; inability to access your account or unscheduled shutdowns and restarts. As with everything, prevention is the best medicine. So, instead of waiting for cyber-attacks to hit you, recognize the signs to protect yourself. 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．Cyber-attacks are not really dangerous. B．Anyone can be subject to cyber-attacks. C．People don’t realize the risk of cyber-attacks. D．Cyber-attacks in Hollywood movies are exciting. 2．What does the underlined word “vigilant” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Dismissive. B．Upset. C．Cautious. D．Concerned. 3．How do you find you might be attacked by cyber criminals? A．A trusted friend sent you a file. B．Your internet slows down strangely. C．You can access your account with ease. D．Your account password functions normally. 4．What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To clarify the definition of cyber-attacks. B．To analyze different types of cyber-attacks. C．To introduce how to identify cyber-attacks. D．To entertain readers with cyber-attacks in movies. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是说明文，主要讲述了网络攻击的现实情况、可能遭遇的风险，并提供了一些识别和预防网络攻击的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Cyber-attacks can happen to anybody.(网络攻击可能发生在任何人身上)”可知，任何人都可能受到网络攻击。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据前文“You may think you are clicking a link to Dropbox, only to download malware (恶意软件) onto your computer, and may never know when you have visited the wrong site and downloaded an infected file.(你可能以为你点击了Dropbox的链接，把恶意软件下载到了你的电脑上，而且可能永远不会知道你什么时候访问了错误的网站，下载了一个受感染的文件)”以及后文“protect yourself(保护好自己)”可知，你可能在不经意间就会上当，所以应该保持谨慎，保护自己，推知vigilant是“谨慎”之意，和C项“Cautiouss谨慎的”意思相近。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Other things to watch out for include: random device or internet slowdown; the software you don’t recognize; inability to access your account or unscheduled shutdowns and restarts.(其他需要注意的事情包括：随机设备或网络减速；你不认识的软件；无法访问您的帐户或计划外关机和重新启动)”可知，你的网络速度变慢了可能是因为受到网络罪犯的攻击。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As with everything, prevention is the best medicine. So, instead of waiting for cyber-attacks to hit you, recognize the signs to protect yourself.(正如任何事情一样，预防是最好的药物。所以，与其坐等网络攻击来袭，不如识别这些迹象来保护自己)”以及通读前文可知，本文主要介绍如何识别网络攻击，所以作者写作本文的目的是介绍如何识别网络攻击。故选C项。 （十二） （辽宁省朝阳市建平县高级中学2023-2024高二下期末试题） If you’re thinking about growing apples, now is the time to test different kinds and talk with local growers. This advice comes from gardening writer Lee Reich. His books include The Pruning (修剪) Book and Weedless Gardening. Reich grows an apple called Hudson’s Golden Gem, and he does so for one reason — the taste. He says the fruit’s wonderful taste makes it truly special. When you buy apples at the store, your choice is limited to the 12 or more kinds available for sale. Gardeners, however, have more choices. They can plant any of more than 5,000 different kinds of apples. Gardeners can also harvest their apples just as each kind reaches its moment of perfection. Reich says his Macoun apples taste much better than any Macoun apples found in stores. One reason is that his can be left to ripen until they nearly fall off the tree. Here are some other flavorful apples to plant. The Ashmead’s Kernel apple was first grown more than 200 years ago in a garden belonging to Dr. Ashmead in Gloucester, England. The apple has a reddish, golden brown color. Inside, it has tasty, sharp flesh. Cox’s Orange Pippin is another old apple from England. It was first grown by Richard Cox in 1825. This apple’s orange and red color makes it unpopular in the American market. But it is loved for its strong taste. Ellison’s Orange is another British apple that came from Lincolnshire in 1911. It is a late summer or early autumn apple, golden yellow with stripes, with juicy flesh. Before you run out to buy trees to grow the kinds you love to eat, Reich does have a warning: Apples are not easy to grow in many parts of the country. The plants require yearly pruning and insect control. But if you’re willing to learn how to keep the unwanted insects away, a few kinds of trees chosen for their taste will give you years of good eating. 1．What can we infer about Lee Reich? A．He is a teacher. B．He loves planting. C．He grows a very rare kind of flower. D．His books are about how to sell trees. 2．Why are Reich’s Macoun apples tastier than those in the store? A．They are naturally ripe. B．They are planted in the garden. C．They have been picked out carefully. D．They are genetically modified products. 3．How many types of apples are mentioned in the text? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 4．What do you need to do in planting apple trees according to the last paragraph? A．Water enough. B．Read many relative books. C．Pay attention to light and nutrition. D．Prune the trees and remove insects. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了园艺作家Lee Reich对于种植苹果的一些建议。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you’re thinking about growing apples, now is the time to test different kinds and talk with local growers. This advice comes from gardening writer Lee Reich. His books include The Pruning (修剪) Book and Weedless Gardening. Reich grows an apple called Hudson’s Golden Gem, and he does so for one reason — the taste. He says the fruit’s wonderful taste makes it truly special.(如果你正在考虑种植苹果，现在是时候测试不同种类的苹果，并与当地种植者交谈。这个建议来自园艺作家Lee Reich。他的著作包括《修剪书》和《无草园艺》。赖希种了一种名叫哈德森黄金宝石的苹果，他这么做的原因只有一个——味道。他说，这种水果的美妙味道让它真的很特别)”及下文对Reich种植苹果的一些介绍可推断，Reich喜欢种植。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“One reason is that his can be left to ripen until they nearly fall off the tree.(其中一个原因是，它们可以被放着成熟，直到它们几乎从树上掉下来)”可知，Reich的苹果比商店里的好吃是因为苹果都是自然成熟的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第一、三、四段的内容可知，文中提到的苹果种类有：Hudson’s Golden Gem、Macoun、The Ashmead’s Kernel、Cox’s Orange Pippin和Ellison’s Orange五种。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The plants require yearly pruning and insect control.(这些植物需要每年修剪一次并防治虫害)”可知，在种植苹果树时要注意修剪和除虫。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$