专题04 阅读理解七选五（辽宁专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编

专题04 阅读理解七选五 （一） （辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2023-2024高二下期末试卷） How to Improve Your Social Life? Being social can help you build meaningful connections, come out of your shell, and feel less isolated. If you want to know how to be social, see the following steps to be on your way. Be fully engaged. If you want to seem interesting to others, you will have to show interest in them. When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying. 1 Avoid constantly checking your phone or looking around while you are in the middle of a conversation. These types of things come across as rude. Watch your gestures. How you position your body sends a message to other people. If you want to be approached by others, you should avoid standing in the corner, crossing your arms, staring at your phone, and frowning. Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating. 2 Embrace opportunities to meet new people. This means you will have to get out of your comfort zone to interact with others. 3 Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet. You never know when a stranger can turn into your new best friend, business partner, or love interest! 4 If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life. 5 If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them. Keep in touch with friends, even if you don’t live in the same town. Pick up the phone and call them, send them a text, or e-mail them asking how they’ve been. A．Initiate interactions. B．Fit in with the occasion. C．Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings. D．You’ll be more likely to stir up positive interactions. E．Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile. F．Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved. G．Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions. （二） （辽宁省沈阳市联合体2023-2024高二下期末试题） The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages (四轮马车) known as “school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana. 1 In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast. This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages. 2 But the design remained mostly the same as that of the previous ones, with students sitting along the walls of the bus while facing inside. In 1927, a man built the first bus that primarily used steel. 3 Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety. This led to a turning point in the history of the school bus in 1939, when a conference was organised at Manhattan College to develop school bus standards. Many new national standards were created, determining everything from seating designs to the famous yellow colour that school buses still sport today. 4 Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings. The colour is easy to see in the early morning and evening light when school buses usually operate. 5 For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel economy, be easier to drive, etc. The most creative approach among all of these is probably a kind of stop signal arm that warns traffic of a stop in progress, which states began to require in the early 1950s. A．Horses were easy to control. B．Not all chose to paint their buses yellow. C．The reason why the colour was chosen was simple. D．Before then, many children simply walked to school. E．Now, school buses have had many more improvements. F．The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines. G．Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows. （三） （辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟2023-2024高二下期末试题） Global Positioning System (GPS) is now a part of everyday driving in many countries. It is a space-based system that provides position and time information in all weather conditions. GPS can help people get to where they want to go. 4 When this happens, the driver is often to blame. Sometimes a GPS error is responsible. Most often, it is a combination of the two. 2 Barry Brown, a GPS technologist, took an incident as an example. His friend once flew to an airport in the eastern United States. There he borrowed a GPS-equipped car to use. He wrongly plugged in the home address in the west. It wasn't until he was driving for thirty minutes that he realized it. Mr. Brown says this is a common human error. But he says, “One problem is that GPS has a very small screen and it can just tell you the next turn. 3 ” “The Normal and Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS” lists several areas where GPS can cause difficulties. They include maps that are outdated, incorrect or difficult to understand. 4 GPS may fail due to these reasons and then lead to confusion for the drivers. Although GPS sometimes causes difficulties when people are driving, the most attractive point of this system is its 100% coverage on the planet. It is important for you to have to know what you are doing when you use GPS. You need to have the “ability” to be able to use GPS because it sometimes goes wrong. 5 A．There are quite a few situations showing the problems of using GPS. B．That means that it is not really telling you about going to the wrong place. C．This space-based system is an important tool for civil and commercial users. D．But sometimes it sends you to the wrong place or leaves you completely lost. E．They also contain timing problems related to when GPS commands are given. F．Advances in technology play an active role in modernizing GPS in many ways. G．To make GPS well used, you need a good understanding of how drivers and GPS work. （四） （辽宁省锦州市2023-2024高二下期末试卷） Many scientists and marine biologists are quite worried about the state of coral reefs around the globe. They have been experiencing “bleaching” (白化) which is a process that involves the slow starvation and eventual death of coral reefs. 1 This has huge effects on the organisms that rely on the coral reefs in the ocean and us humans. 2 In the Turks and Caicos Islands, it has been reported that the coral reefs have been relatively untouched by the bleaching events. Even more surprising is the news that even the ones affected have recovered very well. The problem is caused by many reasons. Pollution, introduced species, over-fishing, and over-tourism have all contributed to the issue. 3 Since the 1970’s, about 80% of the coral reefs in the Caribbean have died out. An organization has taken steps to help out. They asked divers to observe over 100 reef sites off the South Caicos Island and set up a database. After scanning the data, they found surprising results. 4 But other corals did suffer bleaching. But they quickly rebounded to normal within months of the irregularly high thermal stress (热应力). Two years later, when the same corals were observed, they were even more colored. 5 There were theories that Hurricanes Irma and Maria helped, as they resulted in much less tourism and thus decreased damage to the surrounding ecosystems. Experts are continuing to observe the phenomenon to see if there is anything going on that can help save other reefs. A．It meant their health improved. B．So they are dying out at alarming rates. C．Many coral reefs can survive bleaching. D．Some corals proved no significant bleaching. E．The worst of bleaching events took place in 2017. F．But the coral reefs are doing surprisingly well in one region. G．The warming temperatures of the oceans have also caused great harm. （五） （辽宁省2023-2024高二下期末试题） Almost a decade ago, the education system was rigid (僵化) and not very tolerant of the needs of students. Not every student is able to grasp things at the same level or pace. Yet, they were bound to that system. 1 A personalized learning experience has finally taken over. Educators and institutes are installing personalized learning software into the education system. The goal is to analyze the skill sets of each student and enhance them through digital media. These platforms use visuals, AI, case studies, etc. 2 Personalized learning helps reduce the pressure of keeping up with everyone else and promotes the idea of learning at your own pace. Personalized education makes personal growth the first priority. 3 Learning is individualistic, and if the students are not confident in their own knowledge, competing with other students can feel challenging. 4 It gives them a sense of responsibility, which drives them to learn on their own. Personalized learning also includes integrated (综合的) learning, which gives students a chance to explore more knowledge independently and raise questions, as well as have discussions in classrooms or with their teachers face-to-face. Personalized learning platforms have tests and exams that students can take at their leisure to judge their performance. They get a detailed analysis of their performances, which gives them an insight into their strengths and weaknesses. They can always learn, relearn, and revise when they want to. 5 It not only makes the students more productive, but it also helps improve their mental and physical health as they have more peace of mind. A．But now, it has changed. B．And their academic performance suffered. C．Personalized learning includes discussion among students. D．They give students the chance to explore different learning sources. E．This helps them keep track of their progress and not to rush into things. F．Students compete with themselves first and then gradually with others. G．Personalized learning includes many study materials and tests students can use independently. （六） （辽宁省鞍山市2023-2024高二下期末试卷） Poor indoor air quality can have health consequences that range from disease of the eyes, nose and throat to headaches and dizziness. It’s also linked to respiratory (呼吸的) and heart disease. 1 . ●Maximize fresh air Katherine Pruitt, National Senior Director for Policy at the American Lung Association, offers three basic steps you can take to make your air better at home. 2 . She says, “Let fresh air from outside in.” This means that opening up your windows is often the simplest way to disperse anything bad that may be accumulating inside. If you have a central air conditioner, running it can be a good way to bring in outside air. It may make sense to use a fan to improve indoor air quality. For instance, you might place one near an open window to help exhaust indoor air to the outdoors. ● 3 The second thing you can do is called source control, which is keeping sources of pollutants out of the indoor environment if you can, says Pruitt. It can be as simple, Pruitt says, as leaving your dry cleaning outside long enough to air the harmful chemicals out. Cleaning your home is helpful. But Pruitt warns that “ 4 .” She advises, “Read the labels and select safer products when you can.” ●Purify (净化) the air Finally, if necessary, the third thing you can try to improve your air is purification. For instance, if you want to remove airborne particles like smoke, dust and germs, 5 . “For homes with air conditioners,” says Pruitt, “you have a purifier that you’re supposed to be changing regularly.” A．Prevent the air pollution B．Control the source of the pollutants C．you should focus on the air quality D．The first has to do with ventilation (通风) E．Here’s how to keep your home’s air clean F．it may make sense to use an indoor air purifier G．Use of harsh cleaning supplies can introduce its own risks （七） （辽宁省部分高中2023-2024高二下期末联合试题） The best way to get a crying baby back to sleep Nearly every newborn parent has dealt with it: a crying baby that just won’t go to sleep, or an infant who wakes up in the middle of the night and won’t let anyone go back to bed. Now, researchers say they have figured out the best way to get a newborn back in their beds — 1 After that, sit down and hold the baby for five to eight minutes before putting them to bed. The team found crying babies calmed down and heart rates slowed within 30 seconds of the mother walking and carrying. 2 Besides, half of them fall asleep. However, when Moms tried to put babies back to bed after walking without sitting, one-third of the infants became alert within 20 seconds. “As a mother of four, I was surprised to see the result. I had thought a baby’s waking up during a lay-down is related to their posture or the gentleness of the movement,” Dr. Kumi Kuroda, researcher at the RIKEN Center, said in a statement. “ 3 ” About 20%-30% of infants cry “excessively and exhibit sleep difficulties for unknown reason,” the researchers said. 4 “More research is needed to assess the long-term impact of this method on sleep,” the team said. “Like science-based fitness training, we can do science-based parenting with these advances. 5 ” Dr. Kumi Kuroda, researcher at the RIKEN Center for Brain Science in Japan and co-author, said, “We need science to understand babies’ behaviors because they’re much more complex than we thought.” A．All babies stopped crying during this exercise. B．to hold a crying baby and sit for five minutes. C．to hold a crying baby and walk for five minutes. D．We need to do additional research to decide its solution. E．Hopefully, it helps babies to sleep and reduce parental stress. F．So their goal was to provide an immediate solution for parents. G．But our experiment did not support these general assumptions. （八） （辽宁省本溪市重点高中协作体2023-2024高二下期末试题） Traveling is becoming more and more popular every year. It can be passion to so many people. One of the reasons behind this is the advanced transportation system that humans have achieved up to now. 1 There are even personalities who have traveled the entire world. Everyone has their own reason for traveling. Some people travel for a break in life. At times, our daily life gets very dull. 2 We get bored of doing the same things in the same way again and again every day. We need a breathing space, longing for new adventures in life. Traveling opens new doors of amusement in life. Traveling helps in improving social and communication skills. 3 Traveling involves getting connected with random strangers. It can be a true exercise to the people dealing with social anxiety. We even end up learning new languages for traveling. 4 Traveling forces us to take a break from our normal life and explore. It makes us appreciate beauties in the world. It fills us with positive energy. People suffering from spiritual illness from stress often choose the path of exploring and traveling to cure themselves. It creates unforgettable and endless fond memories, which comfort them and help ease their stress. Traveling gets us real life education. People say that if you cannot read books, then start traveling for knowledge. What we learn from traveling different places cannot be taught in any school, college or university. We learn about different cultures, different societies, different types of people, different languages. At least, if we are not able to travel abroad, we can travel our country. 5 A．Traveling offers an escape from reality. B．This enables us to know it in a better way. C．We cannot travel without interacting with anyone. D．Traveling contributes to maintaining peace of mind. E．It becomes a cycle of having meals, sleeping and working. F．One can easily travel from one place to another in less time. G．People of different countries have different ideas of traveling. （九） （辽宁省朝阳市建平县建平县实验中学2023-2024高二下期末试题） To get the most out of literary works, one must approach them with intention and skill. Here are five key strategies to enhance your reading experience. Engage with the text. Engagement is crucial when reading literature. 1 . Ask questions as you read: Why did the character do that? What does this scene symbolize? What might the author be trying to say? This active engagement helps you to think critically and to immerse (沉浸在) yourself in the literary world. Understand the historical and cultural context. 2 . It reflects the culture in which it was written. By researching the historical period, the author’s life, and the social norms (规范) of the time, you can gain a deeper understanding of the text. 3 . Literature is an art form that uses language in creative and often complex ways. Pay attention to the author’s use of literary devices such as imagery, symbolism, metaphor, and irony. Knowing these techniques can reveal hidden layers of meaning and give you a greater appreciation of the author’s craft. Reflect on themes and personal relevance. Great literature often deals with themes that are universal and timeless. Reflect on the themes you encounter in the text and consider how they relate to your own experiences and beliefs. 4 . Besides, it can offer insights into both the literature and your own life. Discuss and share insights. Literature is meant to be shared and discussed. Conversations with others can enhance your understanding and enjoyment of a text. Join a book club, participate in online forums, or simply discuss the book with friends or classmates. These discussions can provide you with new perspectives (观点). 5 A．Think of words in the book B．Analyze literary techniques C．Every piece of literature is a product of its time D．They can lessen your appreciation of the literature E．Interacting with others will lead you about the book F．This personal connection can make reading more meaningful G．This means actively interacting with the text, not just reading the words （十） （辽宁省沈阳市省重点中学五校联考2023-2024高二下期末试题） Money habits are the small daily decisions we make that influence how we spend and save our money. 1 , but with a little awareness and effort, we can make improvements that will help us achieve our financial objectives. 2 . This involves tracking all your spending for a month and then analyzing the data. It can make you realize the potential issues on your spending habits, which help you identify areas where you can adjust your spending patterns. Next, set up clear financial objectives for yourself. Having a specific objective in mind will help you keep motivated and focused, whether it’s saving for a down payment on a home, removing credit card debt, or creating an emergency fund. Setting and sticking to a budget is also crucial. A budget ensures that your spending is focused on your priorities and that you set aside enough cash to achieve your objectives. 3 . 4 . It’s critical to take action to stop the habit of impulse (冲动) shopping because it can significantly reduce your bank account. Making a list of the items you require before you go shopping and sticking to it is one approach to achieve this. Additionally, waiting a day or two before making a purchase can help you determine if you still want the item. Finally, it’s critical to pay attention to your financial habits and adjust them as needed. Track your spending and goals, and be prepared to adjust as required. 5 , and its effects might not be seen right away. With a little knowledge and effort, you can make positive changes, helping you achieve your financial objectives and strengthen your overall financial health. A．It might be challenging to change these habits B．Impulsive purchasing is a crucial habit to break C．Create a checklist of the items you aim to purchase D．Take a careful look at your existing spending habits E．Good money habits should be developed from now on F．Keep in mind that adjusting your spending patterns is a process G．Make sure to include a category for savings and use it consistently （十一） （辽宁省大连市2023~2024高二下期末试卷） The power of positive thinking Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? 1 Do they focus on the positives (a half-full glass) or the negatives (a half-empty one)? Thinking positively, with a belief that most things will turn out well, is called optimism — and it’s known to boost your well-being. The good news is that everybody can learn to think more positively. 2 Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass. Worrying is like a fire alarm. Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe — if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks. “ 3 It’s like a fire alarm,” says child psychotherapist Rachel Melville-Thomas. “The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn’t a huge danger to face.” When this happens, you can feel anxious and hopeless about what lies ahead. Learn to think positively. Optimism is shaped by your genes which carry characteristics inherited from your parents and by what happens to you. 4 Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive-for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. 5 A．Your genes will in turn help obtain it. B．This question makes you lost in thought. C．Why is thinking positively good for you? D．Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it. E．Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening. F．However, whatever your starting point is, everyone can learn it. G．This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation. （十二） （辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2023-2024高二下期末试题） How to overcome travel anxiety Stress and anxiety around documents and procedures of travel is common. Here are some tips from experts on how to overcome travel anxiety and enjoy your holiday or trip. 1 To be able to best cope with your travel anxiety, you need to have a good understanding of the things that actually cause it. Once you understand what triggers your anxiety, you can plan ahead for the best ways to handle it. Plan out your trip details. One of the reasons for your travel anxiety is that you’re being taken out of your comfort zone and won’t have full control over everything. 2 That will give you a sense of control. However, it’s equally important to think of alternative plans for anything that could potentially not go as planned. Make use of different relaxation techniques. 3 Another useful way to calm your mind is by meditating. To make sure you find the mindfulness technique that works best for you, try out a few different ones beforehand and use the most efficient one during your trip to set your mind at ease. Have things with you that bring you joy. These can include physical item s like a book to read, or a game to play. It can be extremely useful in distracting you from your negative feelings. Alternatively, you can create a playlist of songs you love or have your favourite TV show with you. 4 Don’t forget your physical health. Being physically active is a great way to reduce feelings of anxiety and stress. 5 Going outside and connecting with nature can have a positive effect on your physical and mental wellbeing, which in turn will help reduce your anxious thoughts. A．Brainstorm various kinds of anxiety. B．Understand where your anxiety originates. C．Frankly speaking, negative feelings can’t be avoided. D．Make sure to incorporate physical activity in your days. E．Deep breathing is a technique proven to help reduce stress. F．They will keep your mind occupied, decreasing your feelings of anxiety. G．To help ease that anxious feeling, try to plan out your trip in as much detail as possible. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解七选五 （一） （辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2023-2024高二下期末试卷） How to Improve Your Social Life? Being social can help you build meaningful connections, come out of your shell, and feel less isolated. If you want to know how to be social, see the following steps to be on your way. Be fully engaged. If you want to seem interesting to others, you will have to show interest in them. When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying. 1 Avoid constantly checking your phone or looking around while you are in the middle of a conversation. These types of things come across as rude. Watch your gestures. How you position your body sends a message to other people. If you want to be approached by others, you should avoid standing in the corner, crossing your arms, staring at your phone, and frowning. Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating. 2 Embrace opportunities to meet new people. This means you will have to get out of your comfort zone to interact with others. 3 Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet. You never know when a stranger can turn into your new best friend, business partner, or love interest! 4 If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life. 5 If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them. Keep in touch with friends, even if you don’t live in the same town. Pick up the phone and call them, send them a text, or e-mail them asking how they’ve been. A．Initiate interactions. B．Fit in with the occasion. C．Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings. D．You’ll be more likely to stir up positive interactions. E．Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile. F．Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved. G．Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是四个提高社交能力的方法。 1．根据本段的主题句“Be fully engaged.(全身心投入。)”可知，本段建议社交是要全身心投入，根据空前的“When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying.(当你和别人说话时，倾听他们在说什么，而不是担心你应该说什么。)”可知，在别人说话时应该倾听别人在说什么，由此可推测，此空讲述的应与倾听的时候怎么做相关，G选项“Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions.(眼神交流，点头，并问他们后续问题。)”讲述的是在别人说话时如何做，承接了空前的内容，且与本段的主题“全身心投入”的要求吻合。故选G项。 2．根据空前的“Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating.(与他人进行眼神交流会让他们觉得你友好、开放、不吓人。)”可知，此处介绍了社交活动时恰当使用眼神交流，E选项“Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile.(另外，每个人微笑的时候看起来都更有吸引力。)”讲述的是微笑时人们看起来更有吸引力，与空前的“Making eye contact”呼应，且对上文内容的补充，符合语境。故选E项。 3．根据本段的主题句“Embrace opportunities to meet new people.(欣然接受结识新朋友的机会。)”可知，本段建议抓住结识新朋友的机会，C选项“Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings.(接受派对和社交聚会的邀请。)”中的“parties and social gatherings”都是结识新朋友的场合，符合本段主题，且与空后的“Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet.(去新的地方旅行，和你遇到的人随便聊聊。)”内容呼应，均有助于认识新朋友。故选C项。 4．分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据空后的“If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life.(如果你总是等着别人给你打电话或邀请你，那你就是在浪费你的生命。)”以及下文中的“If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them.(如果你想向人们表明你重视他们的友谊，你就必须主动接触他们。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是主动去联系别人，而不是等着别人来接触你，A选项“Initiate interactions.(主动发起互动)”为祈使句，讲述的内容与本段内容一致，且概括了本段的主题。故选A项。 5．根据空前的“If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life.(如果你总是等着别人给你打电话或邀请你，那你就是在浪费你的生命。)”可知，等着别人主动联系你，那是在浪费生命，F选项“Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved.(关系建立在双方共同努力的基础上。)”讲述的内容是对空前内容做出的解释，而且空后“If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them.(如果你想向人们表明你重视他们的友谊，你就必须主动接触他们。)”讲述的内容是对F选项讲述的内容提出了具体的做法，符合语境。故选F项。 （二） （辽宁省沈阳市联合体2023-2024高二下期末试题） The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages (四轮马车) known as “school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana. 1 In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast. This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages. 2 But the design remained mostly the same as that of the previous ones, with students sitting along the walls of the bus while facing inside. In 1927, a man built the first bus that primarily used steel. 3 Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety. This led to a turning point in the history of the school bus in 1939, when a conference was organised at Manhattan College to develop school bus standards. Many new national standards were created, determining everything from seating designs to the famous yellow colour that school buses still sport today. 4 Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings. The colour is easy to see in the early morning and evening light when school buses usually operate. 5 For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel economy, be easier to drive, etc. The most creative approach among all of these is probably a kind of stop signal arm that warns traffic of a stop in progress, which states began to require in the early 1950s. A．Horses were easy to control. B．Not all chose to paint their buses yellow. C．The reason why the colour was chosen was simple. D．Before then, many children simply walked to school. E．Now, school buses have had many more improvements. F．The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines. G．Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了校车的起源以及其发展的过程。 1．根据上一句“The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages (四轮马车) known as “school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana.”（校车的历史可以追溯到1886年，当时Wayne Works公司在印第安纳州制造了四轮马车，被称为“学校马车”或“儿童马车”。）可知，该句讲述了校车的发明时间；选项D“Before then, many children simply walked to school.（在此之前，许多孩子只是步行上学。）”说明了在校车出现之前孩子们是如何上学的，承接上文。故选D。 2．根据上一句“In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast. This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages.”（20世纪初，汽车工业开始迅速发展，这给了Wayne Works一个改进校车的好机会。），选项F“The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines.（这家公司设法使马车由发动机提供动力。）”具体描述了Wayne Works公司是如何改进校车的，承接上文；下一句“But the design remained mostly the same as that of the previous ones, with students sitting along the walls of the bus while facing inside.”（但设计基本上与之前的设计相同，学生们坐在巴士的墙壁上，面向内部。）在选项F的基础上，又指出了改进后的校车在设计上与之前相同，两句为转折关系，语意合理。故选F。 3．根据上一句“In 1927, a man built the first bus that primarily used steel.”（1927年，一个人制造了第一辆主要使用钢的公共汽车。），选项G“Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows.（不久，Wayne Works公司推出了第一辆全钢车身和安全玻璃窗的校车。）”进一步提出在1927年使用钢的公共汽车问世之后，Wayne Works公司就推出了第一辆全钢车身的校车，承接上文；下一句“Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety.”（尽管如此，家长们还是越来越担心孩子的安全。）表明校车在使用安全玻璃窗后，家长们仍然越来越担心孩子们的安全。故选G。 4．根据上一句“Many new national standards were created, determining everything from seating designs to the famous yellow colour that school buses still sport today.”（制定了许多新的国家标准，从座椅设计到校车沿用至今的著名黄色，这些标准决定了一切。），选项C“The reason why the colour was chosen was simple.（选择这种颜色的原因很简单。）”提到了校车使用黄色是有原因的；下一句“Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings. The colour is easy to see in the early morning and evening light when school buses usually operate.”（黄色对人类来说是非常引人注目的。这种颜色在校车通常运行的清晨和傍晚的光线下很容易看到。）具体说明了校车使用黄色的原因，故选项C承上启下，符合语意。故选C。 5．空处为最后一段段落主题句。根据下一句“For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel economy, be easier to drive, etc.”（例如，已经做出了各种改变，使校车不仅更安全，而且有更好的燃油经济性，更容易驾驶，等等。）可知，下文举例说明了如今校车已经做出的改进，故选项E“Now, school buses have had many more improvements.（现在，校车有了更多的改进。）”概括说明了校车已有了更多改进，符合段落主题。故选E。 （三） （辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟2023-2024高二下期末试题） Global Positioning System (GPS) is now a part of everyday driving in many countries. It is a space-based system that provides position and time information in all weather conditions. GPS can help people get to where they want to go. 4 When this happens, the driver is often to blame. Sometimes a GPS error is responsible. Most often, it is a combination of the two. 2 Barry Brown, a GPS technologist, took an incident as an example. His friend once flew to an airport in the eastern United States. There he borrowed a GPS-equipped car to use. He wrongly plugged in the home address in the west. It wasn't until he was driving for thirty minutes that he realized it. Mr. Brown says this is a common human error. But he says, “One problem is that GPS has a very small screen and it can just tell you the next turn. 3 ” “The Normal and Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS” lists several areas where GPS can cause difficulties. They include maps that are outdated, incorrect or difficult to understand. 4 GPS may fail due to these reasons and then lead to confusion for the drivers. Although GPS sometimes causes difficulties when people are driving, the most attractive point of this system is its 100% coverage on the planet. It is important for you to have to know what you are doing when you use GPS. You need to have the “ability” to be able to use GPS because it sometimes goes wrong. 5 A．There are quite a few situations showing the problems of using GPS. B．That means that it is not really telling you about going to the wrong place. C．This space-based system is an important tool for civil and commercial users. D．But sometimes it sends you to the wrong place or leaves you completely lost. E．They also contain timing problems related to when GPS commands are given. F．Advances in technology play an active role in modernizing GPS in many ways. G．To make GPS well used, you need a good understanding of how drivers and GPS work. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是说明文。GPS能给驾驶者提供全天候覆盖全球的时间和位置信息，但也带来一些问题。 1．根据前文“GPS can help people get to where they want to go.”（GPS可以帮助人们到达他们想去的地方。）说到GPS的便利，下文“When this happens, the driver is often to blame. Sometimes a GPS error is responsible. Most often, it is a combination of the two.”（当这种情况发生时，司机往往是罪魁祸首。有时是GPS的错误造成的。大多数情况下，它是两者的结合。）可知，后面说到GPS出现的问题，可推断，文意反转，D项But表示转折。故选D。 2．本空位于句首，起到统领下文的作用。根据后文“Barry Brown, a GPS technologist, took an incident as an example. His friend once flew to an airport in the eastern United States. There he borrowed a GPS-equipped car to use. He wrongly plugged in the home address in the west. It wasn't until he was driving for thirty minutes that he realized it. Mr. Brown says this is a common human error.”（全球定位系统技术专家巴里·布朗举了一个例子。他的朋友曾经飞到美国东部的一个机场。在那里，他借了一辆装有GPS的车。他把家庭地址错插在西边了。直到开了三十分钟他才意识到这一点。布朗先生说，这是一个常见的人为错误。）举例具体说存在的问题。此句是段落主题阐述有相当多的情况显示了使用GPS的问题。故选A。 3．根据前文“ But he says, “One problem is that GPS has a very small screen and it can just tell you the next turn.”（但他表示:“一个问题是，GPS的屏幕非常小，它只能告诉你下一个转弯。）GPS告诉你下一个拐弯，但是不等于告诉你去错误的地点，与B项吻合。故选B。 4．根据上文“‘The Normal and Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS’ lists several areas where GPS can cause difficulties. They include maps that are outdated, incorrect or difficult to understand. ”（《使用GPS驾驶的正常和自然的问题》列出了几个可能导致GPS困难的领域。它们包括过时、不正确或难以理解的地图。）。前文说GPS出现的若干问题，选项E列举了另一个问题，文意连贯。故选E。 5．此句在段尾，是对本段的总结。根据空前“Although GPS sometimes causes difficulties when people are driving, the most attractive point of this system is its 100% coverage on the planet. It is important for you to have to know what you are doing when you use GPS. You need to have the “ability” to be able to use GPS because it sometimes goes wrong.”（虽然GPS有时会在人们开车时造成困难，但这个系统最吸引人的一点是它在地球上的100%覆盖。重要的是，当你使用GPS时，你必须知道你在做什么。你需要有“能力”能够使用GPS，因为它有时会出错。）可知，前面强调使用GPS要明白的地方，前面的you need to 和G项的you need 一致，故选G。 （四） （辽宁省锦州市2023-2024高二下期末试卷） Many scientists and marine biologists are quite worried about the state of coral reefs around the globe. They have been experiencing “bleaching” (白化) which is a process that involves the slow starvation and eventual death of coral reefs. 1 This has huge effects on the organisms that rely on the coral reefs in the ocean and us humans. 2 In the Turks and Caicos Islands, it has been reported that the coral reefs have been relatively untouched by the bleaching events. Even more surprising is the news that even the ones affected have recovered very well. The problem is caused by many reasons. Pollution, introduced species, over-fishing, and over-tourism have all contributed to the issue. 3 Since the 1970’s, about 80% of the coral reefs in the Caribbean have died out. An organization has taken steps to help out. They asked divers to observe over 100 reef sites off the South Caicos Island and set up a database. After scanning the data, they found surprising results. 4 But other corals did suffer bleaching. But they quickly rebounded to normal within months of the irregularly high thermal stress (热应力). Two years later, when the same corals were observed, they were even more colored. 5 There were theories that Hurricanes Irma and Maria helped, as they resulted in much less tourism and thus decreased damage to the surrounding ecosystems. Experts are continuing to observe the phenomenon to see if there is anything going on that can help save other reefs. A．It meant their health improved. B．So they are dying out at alarming rates. C．Many coral reefs can survive bleaching. D．Some corals proved no significant bleaching. E．The worst of bleaching events took place in 2017. F．But the coral reefs are doing surprisingly well in one region. G．The warming temperatures of the oceans have also caused great harm. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．G 4．D 5．A 【来源】辽宁省锦州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了全球珊瑚礁白化现象的严峻问题及其成因。 1．根据上文“They have been experiencing “bleaching”(白化)which is a process that involves the slow starvation and eventual death of coral reefs. (他们一直在经历“白化”，这是一个涉及珊瑚礁缓慢饥饿和最终死亡的过程。)”可知，珊瑚正在死亡，与B项“So they are dying out at alarming rates. (因此，它们正在以惊人的速度消亡。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 2．根据下文“In the Turks and Caicos Islands, it has been reported that the coral reefs have been relatively untouched by the bleaching events. (据报道，在特克斯和凯科斯群岛，珊瑚礁相对没有受到白化事件的影响。)”可知，在特克斯和凯科斯群岛珊瑚礁与其他地方的不同，空处与上文为转折关系，与F项“But the coral reefs are doing surprisingly well in one region. (但是，在一个地区，珊瑚礁的表现令人惊讶。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。 3．根据上文“The problem is caused by many reasons. Pollution, introduced species, over-fishing, and over-tourism have all contributed to the issue. (该问题是由许多原因引起的。污染、引进物种、过度捕捞和过度旅游都加剧了这个问题。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是珊瑚礁死亡的因素，与G项“The warming temperatures of the oceans have also caused great harm. (海洋温度上升也造成了巨大的伤害。)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选G项。 4．根据下文“But other corals did suffer bleaching. (但其他珊瑚确实遭受了白化。)”可知，一些珊瑚礁没有白化现象，与D项“Some corals proved no significant bleaching. (一些珊瑚被证明没有明显的白化。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。 5．根据上文“Two years later, when the same corals were observed, they were even more colored. (两年后，当观察到相同的珊瑚时，它们的颜色更加丰富。)”可知，珊瑚礁的健康状况有所好转，与A项“It meant their health improved. (这意味着他们的健康状况有所改善。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选A项。 （五） （辽宁省2023-2024高二下期末试题） Almost a decade ago, the education system was rigid (僵化) and not very tolerant of the needs of students. Not every student is able to grasp things at the same level or pace. Yet, they were bound to that system. 1 A personalized learning experience has finally taken over. Educators and institutes are installing personalized learning software into the education system. The goal is to analyze the skill sets of each student and enhance them through digital media. These platforms use visuals, AI, case studies, etc. 2 Personalized learning helps reduce the pressure of keeping up with everyone else and promotes the idea of learning at your own pace. Personalized education makes personal growth the first priority. 3 Learning is individualistic, and if the students are not confident in their own knowledge, competing with other students can feel challenging. 4 It gives them a sense of responsibility, which drives them to learn on their own. Personalized learning also includes integrated (综合的) learning, which gives students a chance to explore more knowledge independently and raise questions, as well as have discussions in classrooms or with their teachers face-to-face. Personalized learning platforms have tests and exams that students can take at their leisure to judge their performance. They get a detailed analysis of their performances, which gives them an insight into their strengths and weaknesses. They can always learn, relearn, and revise when they want to. 5 It not only makes the students more productive, but it also helps improve their mental and physical health as they have more peace of mind. A．But now, it has changed. B．And their academic performance suffered. C．Personalized learning includes discussion among students. D．They give students the chance to explore different learning sources. E．This helps them keep track of their progress and not to rush into things. F．Students compete with themselves first and then gradually with others. G．Personalized learning includes many study materials and tests students can use independently. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．E 【来源】辽宁省2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了个性化学习的概念以及好处。 1．根据上文“Not every student is able to grasp things at the same level or pace. Yet, they were bound to that system.(不是每个学生都能以同样的水平或速度掌握知识。然而，他们受制于这个体系)”以及后文“A personalized learning experience has finally taken over.(个性化的学习体验终于占据了上风)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出如今学习强调个性化，发生了改变。故A选项“但是现在，情况变了”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据上文“These platforms use visuals, AI, case studies, etc.(这些平台使用视觉效果、人工智能、案例研究等)”可知，上文提到了平台提供的功能，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明其作用。故D选项“它们给学生探索不同学习资源的机会”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据后文“Learning is individualistic, and if the students are not confident in their own knowledge, competing with other students can feel challenging.(学习是个人主义的，如果学生对自己的知识没有信心，与其他学生竞争会感到具有挑战性)”可知，后文提到学生要先对自己的知识有信心，即强调了学生与自己竞争。故F选项“学生首先与自己竞争，然后逐渐与他人竞争”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据后文“It gives them a sense of responsibility, which drives them to learn on their own. Personalized learning also includes integrated (综合的) learning, which gives students a chance to explore more knowledge independently and raise questions, as well as have discussions in classrooms or with their teachers face-to-face.(这给了他们一种责任感，促使他们自己学习。个性化学习还包括综合学习，让学生有机会独立探索更多的知识，提出问题，以及在课堂上或与老师面对面讨论)”可知，本段主要说明了个性化学习可以让学生更加独立，G选项中independently对应后文independently。故G选项“个性化学习包括许多学生可以独立使用的学习材料和测试”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据上文“Personalized learning platforms have tests and exams that students can take at their leisure to judge their performance. They get a detailed analysis of their performances, which gives them an insight into their strengths and weaknesses. They can always learn, relearn, and revise when they want to.(个性化学习平台有测试和考试，学生可以在闲暇时参加，以判断自己的表现。他们会得到对自己表现的详细分析，从而了解自己的长处和短处。只要他们愿意，他们总是可以学习、再学习和修改)”可知，本句承接上文，说明个性化学习平台测试和考试的好处。故E选项“这有助于他们跟踪自己的进展，而不是急于求成”符合语境，故选E。 （六） （辽宁省鞍山市2023-2024高二下期末试卷） Poor indoor air quality can have health consequences that range from disease of the eyes, nose and throat to headaches and dizziness. It’s also linked to respiratory (呼吸的) and heart disease. 1 . ●Maximize fresh air Katherine Pruitt, National Senior Director for Policy at the American Lung Association, offers three basic steps you can take to make your air better at home. 2 . She says, “Let fresh air from outside in.” This means that opening up your windows is often the simplest way to disperse anything bad that may be accumulating inside. If you have a central air conditioner, running it can be a good way to bring in outside air. It may make sense to use a fan to improve indoor air quality. For instance, you might place one near an open window to help exhaust indoor air to the outdoors. ● 3 The second thing you can do is called source control, which is keeping sources of pollutants out of the indoor environment if you can, says Pruitt. It can be as simple, Pruitt says, as leaving your dry cleaning outside long enough to air the harmful chemicals out. Cleaning your home is helpful. But Pruitt warns that “ 4 .” She advises, “Read the labels and select safer products when you can.” ●Purify (净化) the air Finally, if necessary, the third thing you can try to improve your air is purification. For instance, if you want to remove airborne particles like smoke, dust and germs, 5 . “For homes with air conditioners,” says Pruitt, “you have a purifier that you’re supposed to be changing regularly.” A．Prevent the air pollution B．Control the source of the pollutants C．you should focus on the air quality D．The first has to do with ventilation (通风) E．Here’s how to keep your home’s air clean F．it may make sense to use an indoor air purifier G．Use of harsh cleaning supplies can introduce its own risks 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．G 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。室内空气质量差会对健康造成影响。本文介绍了三个基本步骤让室内的空气更好。 1．根据上文“Poor indoor air quality can have health consequences that range from disease of the eyes, nose and throat to headaches and dizziness. It’s also linked to respiratory (呼吸的) and heart disease.(室内空气质量差会对健康造成影响，从眼睛、鼻子和喉咙疾病到头痛和头晕。它还与呼吸系统疾病和心脏病有关)”可知，空前提到室内空气质量差会对人体健康造成影响，比如与呼吸道相关的疾病和心脏病，而空后提到保持室内空气清洁的方法。故此空应承上启下，引出下文的建议。E项“以下是如何保持你室内空气清洁的方法”符合语境。故选E项。 2．空前“Katherine Pruitt, National Senior Director for Policy at the American Lung Association, offers three basic steps you can take to make your air better at home.(美国肺脏协会国家高级政策主任Katherine Pruitt提供了三个基本步骤，让你在家里的空气更好)”提到有三个基本步骤可让室内空气更好；再结合第三空下文中的“The second thing you can do is called source control(你可以做的第二件事叫做源头控制)”可知，此空应介绍三个基本步骤中的第一个步骤。D项“第一个步骤与通风有关”符合语境。故选D项。 3．设空处为小标题，应概括本段主要内容。根据下文“The second thing you can do is called source control, which is keeping sources of pollutants out of the indoor environment if you can, says Pruitt.(普鲁伊特说，你可以做的第二件事是源头控制，即尽可能将污染源排除在室内环境之外)”可知，本段主要介绍控制污染源。B项“控制污染的来源”可作为本段的小标题，符合语境。故选B项。 4．根据空前的warns和空后的“Read the labels and select safer products when you can.(阅读标签，尽可能选择更安全的产品)”可知，普鲁伊特建议购买更安全的产品。由此可推知，此空应介绍其原因。G项“使用劣质的清洁用品可能会带来风险”与下文构成因果关系，且G项中的harsh cleaning supplies与下文中的safer products相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。 5．根据小标题以及上文“Finally, if necessary, the third thing you can try to improve your air is purification.(最后，如果有必要，你可以尝试的第三件事就是净化空气)”可知，本段介绍的第三个步骤是净化空气，且空前“For instance, if you want to remove airborne particles like smoke, dust and germs(例如，如果你想去除空气中的颗粒物，如烟雾、灰尘和细菌)”提到remove airborne particles，即去除空气中的微小颗粒。故F项“使用室内空气净化器可能是有意义的”符合语境。故选F项。 （七） （辽宁省部分高中2023-2024高二下期末联合试题） The best way to get a crying baby back to sleep Nearly every newborn parent has dealt with it: a crying baby that just won’t go to sleep, or an infant who wakes up in the middle of the night and won’t let anyone go back to bed. Now, researchers say they have figured out the best way to get a newborn back in their beds — 1 After that, sit down and hold the baby for five to eight minutes before putting them to bed. The team found crying babies calmed down and heart rates slowed within 30 seconds of the mother walking and carrying. 2 Besides, half of them fall asleep. However, when Moms tried to put babies back to bed after walking without sitting, one-third of the infants became alert within 20 seconds. “As a mother of four, I was surprised to see the result. I had thought a baby’s waking up during a lay-down is related to their posture or the gentleness of the movement,” Dr. Kumi Kuroda, researcher at the RIKEN Center, said in a statement. “ 3 ” About 20%-30% of infants cry “excessively and exhibit sleep difficulties for unknown reason,” the researchers said. 4 “More research is needed to assess the long-term impact of this method on sleep,” the team said. “Like science-based fitness training, we can do science-based parenting with these advances. 5 ” Dr. Kumi Kuroda, researcher at the RIKEN Center for Brain Science in Japan and co-author, said, “We need science to understand babies’ behaviors because they’re much more complex than we thought.” A．All babies stopped crying during this exercise. B．to hold a crying baby and sit for five minutes. C．to hold a crying baby and walk for five minutes. D．We need to do additional research to decide its solution. E．Hopefully, it helps babies to sleep and reduce parental stress. F．So their goal was to provide an immediate solution for parents. G．But our experiment did not support these general assumptions. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．G 4．F 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。几乎每个新手爸妈都会面对孩子半夜哭闹不肯入睡的问题，现在，研究人员表示，他们已经找到了让新生儿入睡的最佳方法。文章对此进行了介绍。 1．根据前文“Now, researchers say they have figured out the best way to get a newborn back in their beds(现在，研究人员表示，他们已经找到了让新生儿回到床上的最佳方法)”可知，此处是讲让新生儿回到床上的最佳方法，所以选项C“抱着哭闹的婴儿走五分钟。”切合文意。故选C。 2．根据前文“The team found crying babies calmed down and heart rates slowed within 30 seconds of the mother walking and carrying.(研究小组发现，哭泣的婴儿在母亲走路和抱孩子的30秒内就会平静下来，心率也会减慢。)”和后文“Besides, half of them fall asleep.(此外，一半的人睡着了。)”可知，此处是讲这样的方法很奏效，所以选项A“在这个练习中，所有的婴儿都停止了哭泣。”切合文意。故选A。 3．根据前文“As a mother of four, I was surprised to see the result. I had thought a baby’s waking up during a lay-down is related to their posture or the gentleness of the movement(作为四个孩子的母亲，我对结果感到惊讶。我曾以为婴儿在躺下时醒来与他们的姿势或动作的轻柔度有关)”可知，此处是讲实验结果与原本的设想不符，所以选项G“但我们的实验并不支持这些一般假设。”切合文意。故选G。 4．根据前文“About 20%-30% of infants cry “excessively and exhibit sleep difficulties for unknown reason,” the researchers said.(研究人员说，大约20%-30%的婴儿“因不明原因过度哭泣并表现出睡眠困难”。)”可知，此处是指为父母提供让孩子入睡的即时措施非常必要，所以选项F“所以他们的目标是为家长们提供一个即时的解决方案。”切合文意。故选F。 5．根据前文“Like science-based fitness training, we can do science-based parenting with these advances.(就像基于科学的健身训练一样，我们可以通过这些进步来进行基于科学的育儿。)”可知，此处是指希望基于科学的育儿能够有用，所以选项E“希望它能帮助婴儿入睡，减轻父母的压力。”切合文意。故选E。 （八） （辽宁省本溪市重点高中协作体2023-2024高二下期末试题） Traveling is becoming more and more popular every year. It can be passion to so many people. One of the reasons behind this is the advanced transportation system that humans have achieved up to now. 1 There are even personalities who have traveled the entire world. Everyone has their own reason for traveling. Some people travel for a break in life. At times, our daily life gets very dull. 2 We get bored of doing the same things in the same way again and again every day. We need a breathing space, longing for new adventures in life. Traveling opens new doors of amusement in life. Traveling helps in improving social and communication skills. 3 Traveling involves getting connected with random strangers. It can be a true exercise to the people dealing with social anxiety. We even end up learning new languages for traveling. 4 Traveling forces us to take a break from our normal life and explore. It makes us appreciate beauties in the world. It fills us with positive energy. People suffering from spiritual illness from stress often choose the path of exploring and traveling to cure themselves. It creates unforgettable and endless fond memories, which comfort them and help ease their stress. Traveling gets us real life education. People say that if you cannot read books, then start traveling for knowledge. What we learn from traveling different places cannot be taught in any school, college or university. We learn about different cultures, different societies, different types of people, different languages. At least, if we are not able to travel abroad, we can travel our country. 5 A．Traveling offers an escape from reality. B．This enables us to know it in a better way. C．We cannot travel without interacting with anyone. D．Traveling contributes to maintaining peace of mind. E．It becomes a cycle of having meals, sleeping and working. F．One can easily travel from one place to another in less time. G．People of different countries have different ideas of traveling. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了旅行的好处。 1．根据上文的“Traveling is becoming more and more popular every year. It can be passion to so many people. One of the reasons behind this is the advanced transportation system that humans have achieved up to now. (旅游每年都变得越来越受欢迎。对很多人来说，这是一种激情。这背后的原因之一是人类迄今为止已经实现的先进交通系统。)”和下文的“There are even personalities who have traveled the entire world.(有些人甚至环游了整个世界。)”可知，F项(一个人可以很容易地在更短的时间内从一个地方旅行到另一个地方。)承接上文，说明了先进的交通系统使人们可以很容易地在更短的时间内从一个地方旅行到另一个地方，下文指出了先进的交通带来的影响是很大的，即有些人甚至环游了整个世界。故选F项。 2．根据上文的“Everyone has their own reason for traveling. Some people travel for a break in life. At times, our daily life gets very dull. (每个人都有自己旅行的理由。有些人旅行是为了休息一下。有时，我们的日常生活变得非常枯燥。)”和下文的“We get bored of doing the same things in the same way again and again every day. We need a breathing space, longing for new adventures in life. Traveling opens new doors of amusement in life.(我们厌倦了每天以同样的方式做同样的事情。我们需要一个喘息的空间，渴望生活中的新冒险。旅行为生活打开了新的娱乐之门。)”可知，E项(它变成了一个吃饭、睡觉和工作的循环。)承接上文，说明了日常生活变得非常枯燥的原因所在，下文指出人们对于这个一成不变的循环感到了厌倦，因此想去旅行。故选E项。 3．根据上文的“Traveling helps in improving social and communication skills. (旅行有助于提高社交和沟通技巧。)”和下文的“Traveling involves getting connected with random strangers. It can be a true exercise to the people dealing with social anxiety. We even end up learning new languages for traveling.(旅行涉及到与随机的陌生人建立联系。对于那些处理社交焦虑的人来说，这是一种真正的锻炼。我们甚至为了旅行而学习新的语言。)”可知，C项(我们不可能不与任何人交流就去旅行。)承接上文，说明了旅行使得人们进行沟通和交流，下文指出了旅行会给社交带来的好处。故选C项。 4．根据下文的“Traveling forces us to take a break from our normal life and explore. It makes us appreciate beauties in the world. It fills us with positive energy. People suffering from spiritual illness from stress often choose the path of exploring and traveling to cure themselves. It creates unforgettable and endless fond memories, which comfort them and help ease their stress.(旅行迫使我们从正常的生活中休息一下，去探索。它让我们欣赏世界上的美丽。它让我们充满正能量。患有精神疾病的人往往会选择探索和旅行的道路来治愈自己。它创造了难忘和无尽的美好回忆，这让他们感到安慰，帮助他们缓解压力。)”可知，旅行带来众多好处，关键在于它对人内心世界的积极影响，因此D项(旅行有助于保持心灵的平静。)适合作为本段的话题句。故选D项。 5．根据上文的“Traveling gets us real life education. People say that if you cannot read books, then start traveling for knowledge. What we learn from traveling different places cannot be taught in any school, college or university. We learn about different cultures, different societies, different types of people, different languages. At least, if we are not able to travel abroad, we can travel our country. (旅行给了我们真实的生活教育。人们说，如果你不会读书，那就开始旅行吧。我们从不同的地方旅行中学到的东西是任何学校、学院或大学都无法教给我们的。我们了解不同的文化，不同的社会，不同类型的人，不同的语言。至少，如果我们不能出国旅行，我们可以在我们的国家旅行。)”可知，B项(这使我们能够更好地了解它。)承接上文，说明了在国内旅行可以更好了解自己国家，是在现实中获取知识得到教育的一种方式。故选B项。 （九） （辽宁省朝阳市建平县建平县实验中学2023-2024高二下期末试题） To get the most out of literary works, one must approach them with intention and skill. Here are five key strategies to enhance your reading experience. Engage with the text. Engagement is crucial when reading literature. 1 . Ask questions as you read: Why did the character do that? What does this scene symbolize? What might the author be trying to say? This active engagement helps you to think critically and to immerse (沉浸在) yourself in the literary world. Understand the historical and cultural context. 2 . It reflects the culture in which it was written. By researching the historical period, the author’s life, and the social norms (规范) of the time, you can gain a deeper understanding of the text. 3 . Literature is an art form that uses language in creative and often complex ways. Pay attention to the author’s use of literary devices such as imagery, symbolism, metaphor, and irony. Knowing these techniques can reveal hidden layers of meaning and give you a greater appreciation of the author’s craft. Reflect on themes and personal relevance. Great literature often deals with themes that are universal and timeless. Reflect on the themes you encounter in the text and consider how they relate to your own experiences and beliefs. 4 . Besides, it can offer insights into both the literature and your own life. Discuss and share insights. Literature is meant to be shared and discussed. Conversations with others can enhance your understanding and enjoyment of a text. Join a book club, participate in online forums, or simply discuss the book with friends or classmates. These discussions can provide you with new perspectives (观点). 5 A．Think of words in the book B．Analyze literary techniques C．Every piece of literature is a product of its time D．They can lessen your appreciation of the literature E．Interacting with others will lead you about the book F．This personal connection can make reading more meaningful G．This means actively interacting with the text, not just reading the words 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五个提高阅读体验的关键策略。 1．根据前文“Engage with the text. Engagement is crucial when reading literature. (与文本互动。在阅读文学作品时，投入是至关重要的)”可知，本段的主题是讲述与文本互动，所以G项“This means actively interacting with the text, not just reading the words (这意味着积极地与文本互动，而不仅仅是阅读单词)”是对前句的进一步解释，而后文“Ask questions as you read: Why did the character do that? What does this scene symbolize? What might the author be trying to say? This active engagement helps you to think critically and to immerse (沉浸在) yourself in the literary world. (当你阅读的时候问一些问题：为什么这个角色要那样做？这个场景象征着什么？作者可能想说什么？这种积极的参与可以帮助你批判性地思考，让自己沉浸在文学世界中)”是讲述互动的具体方法。故选G项。 2．根据前文“Understand the historical and cultural context. (了解历史和文化背景)”以及后文“It reflects the culture in which it was written. By researching the historical period, the author’s life, and the social norms (规范) of the time, you can gain a deeper understanding of the text. (它反映了它被创作时的文化。通过对历史时期、作者生平、当时社会规范的研究，可以对文本有更深的了解)”可知，本段讲述通过了解文章背后的历史和文化背景，来增加对文章的了解，所以C项“Every piece of literature is a product of its time (每一部文学作品都是它所处时代的产物)”是对前文的进一步解释，并引出下文，符合文意。故选C项。 3．设空处位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Literature is an art form that uses language in creative and often complex ways. Pay attention to the author’s use of literary devices such as imagery, symbolism, metaphor, and irony. Knowing these techniques can reveal hidden layers of meaning and give you a greater appreciation of the author’s craft. (文学是一种艺术形式，它以创造性和复杂的方式使用语言。注意作者对意象、象征、隐喻和反讽等文学手法的运用。了解这些技巧可以揭示隐藏的含义层次，让你更好地欣赏作者的技巧)”可知，本段主要讲述了解文学技巧来分析文章，所以B项“Analyze literary techniques (分析文学技巧)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选B项。 4．根据前文“Reflect on themes and personal relevance. Great literature often deals with themes that are universal and timeless. Reflect on the themes you encounter in the text and consider how they relate to your own experiences and beliefs. (反思主题和个人相关性。伟大的文学作品往往涉及普遍和永恒的主题。反思你在文章中遇到的主题，并考虑它们与你自己的经历和信仰的关系)”可知，本段主要讲述，通过联系文章主题和个人经历来理解文章，所以F项“This personal connection can make reading more meaningful (这种个人联系可以使阅读更有意义)”介绍前文提到的方法的好处，符合文意。故选F项。 5．设空处位于段尾，应承接前文，根据前文“Discuss and share insights. Literature is meant to be shared and discussed. Conversations with others can enhance your understanding and enjoyment of a text. Join a book club, participate in online forums, or simply discuss the book with friends or classmates. These discussions can provide you with new perspectives (观点). (讨论和分享见解。文学是用来分享和讨论的。与他人交谈可以提高你对文章的理解和享受。加入一个读书俱乐部，参加在线论坛，或者只是和朋友或同学讨论这本书。这些讨论可以为你提供新的视角)”可知，本段主要讲述了和他人互动来了解文章，所以E项“Interacting with others will lead you about the book (与他人的互动将引导你了解这本书)”符合本段主题，是对前文的总结。故选E项。 （十） （辽宁省沈阳市省重点中学五校联考2023-2024高二下期末试题） Money habits are the small daily decisions we make that influence how we spend and save our money. 1 , but with a little awareness and effort, we can make improvements that will help us achieve our financial objectives. 2 . This involves tracking all your spending for a month and then analyzing the data. It can make you realize the potential issues on your spending habits, which help you identify areas where you can adjust your spending patterns. Next, set up clear financial objectives for yourself. Having a specific objective in mind will help you keep motivated and focused, whether it’s saving for a down payment on a home, removing credit card debt, or creating an emergency fund. Setting and sticking to a budget is also crucial. A budget ensures that your spending is focused on your priorities and that you set aside enough cash to achieve your objectives. 3 . 4 . It’s critical to take action to stop the habit of impulse (冲动) shopping because it can significantly reduce your bank account. Making a list of the items you require before you go shopping and sticking to it is one approach to achieve this. Additionally, waiting a day or two before making a purchase can help you determine if you still want the item. Finally, it’s critical to pay attention to your financial habits and adjust them as needed. Track your spending and goals, and be prepared to adjust as required. 5 , and its effects might not be seen right away. With a little knowledge and effort, you can make positive changes, helping you achieve your financial objectives and strengthen your overall financial health. A．It might be challenging to change these habits B．Impulsive purchasing is a crucial habit to break C．Create a checklist of the items you aim to purchase D．Take a careful look at your existing spending habits E．Good money habits should be developed from now on F．Keep in mind that adjusting your spending patterns is a process G．Make sure to include a category for savings and use it consistently 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何通过改变日常的金钱习惯来影响我们的消费和储蓄方式，以及如何通过一些具体的方法来改善我们的财务状况。 1．由上文“Money habits are the small daily decisions we make that influence how we spend and save our money.(金钱习惯是我们每天做出的影响我们如何花钱和存钱的小决定。) ”可知，这里主要讲金钱习惯的定义，而A项It might be challenging to change these habits(改变这些习惯可能很有挑战性)符合语境，其中these habits代指上文Money habits，有承上作用。故选A项。 2．由下文“This involves tracking all your spending for a month and then analyzing the data. It can make you realize the potential issues on your spending habits, which help you identify areas where you can adjust your spending patterns.(这涉及跟踪你一个月的所有支出，然后分析数据。它可以让你意识到你的消费习惯中的潜在问题，这有助于你确定可以调整消费模式的领域。)”可知，这里主要讲跟踪你的支出明细。而D项Take a careful look at your existing spending habits(仔细看看你现有的消费习惯)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中spending habits与下文对应。故选D项。 3．由上文“Setting and sticking to a budget is also crucial. A budget ensures that your spending is focused on your priorities and that you set aside enough cash to achieve your objectives.(制定并坚持预算也很重要。预算确保你的支出集中在你的优先事项上，并确保你留出足够的现金来实现你的目标。)”可知，这里主要建议制定预算，而G项Make sure to include a category for savings and use it consistently(确保包括一个储蓄类别，并始终如一地使用它)符合语境，其中savings与上文set aside enough cash对应，有承上作用。故选G项。 4．由下文“It’s critical to take action to stop the habit of impulse(冲动) shopping because it can significantly reduce your bank account. Making a list of the items you require before you go shopping and sticking to it is one approach to achieve this. Additionally, waiting a day or two before making a purchase can help you determine if you still want the item.(采取行动阻止冲动购物的习惯至关重要，因为这会大大减少你的银行账户。在购物前列出你需要的物品并坚持下去是实现这一目标的一种方法。此外，在购买前等待一两天可以帮助您确定是否仍然想要该商品。)”可知，这里主要讲减少冲动购物。而B项Impulsive purchasing is a crucial habit to break(冲动购物是一个需要改掉的重要习惯)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中Impulsive purchasing与下文impulse(冲动) shopping 对应。故选B项。 5．由下文“and its effects might not be seen right away.(其效果可能不会立即显现。)”可知，这里主要讲效果并不是立竿见影，而F项Keep in mind that adjusting your spending patterns is a process(请记住，调整你的消费模式是一个过程)符合语境。其中adjusting your spending patterns与下文it对应，a process与下文might not be seen right away对应，所以有启下作用。故选F项。 （十一） （辽宁省大连市2023~2024高二下期末试卷） The power of positive thinking Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? 1 Do they focus on the positives (a half-full glass) or the negatives (a half-empty one)? Thinking positively, with a belief that most things will turn out well, is called optimism — and it’s known to boost your well-being. The good news is that everybody can learn to think more positively. 2 Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass. Worrying is like a fire alarm. Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe — if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks. “ 3 It’s like a fire alarm,” says child psychotherapist Rachel Melville-Thomas. “The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn’t a huge danger to face.” When this happens, you can feel anxious and hopeless about what lies ahead. Learn to think positively. Optimism is shaped by your genes which carry characteristics inherited from your parents and by what happens to you. 4 Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive-for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. 5 A．Your genes will in turn help obtain it. B．This question makes you lost in thought. C．Why is thinking positively good for you? D．Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it. E．Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening. F．However, whatever your starting point is, everyone can learn it. G．This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了积极的思考带来的好处，以及怎么样学会积极的思考。 1．根据前文“Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty?(你的牛奶是半满的还是半空的?)”以及后文“Do they focus on the positives (a half-full glass) or the negatives (a half-empty one)?(他们关注的是积极的一面(半满的杯子)还是消极的一面(半空的杯子)?)”可知，空处应是对前一句的解释，前句是做什么用的，所以G项“This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation.(这句话经常被用来测试人们在某种情况下的看法)”符合文意，其中This saying指代前文那句话。故选G项。 2．分析设空，可知是本段的小标题，是对本段的概括，根据下文“Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass.(研究表明，乐观和积极思考的人在面对生活挑战时往往会经历更少的压力，并能很好地应对。更悲观的人(认为最坏的事情会发生)可能很难相信这些挑战会过去)”可知，本段主要讲述了，乐观和积极思考的好处，所以C项“Why is thinking positively good for you?(为什么积极思考对你有好处?)”符合文意。故选C项。 3．根据前文“Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe—if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks.(每个人都会时不时地担心。担心可以帮助你保持安全——如果你从不担心，对事情的结果过于乐观，你就不会意识到风险)”可知，本段主要讲述了担心的好处，在根据本段小标题“Worrying is like a fire alarm.(忧虑就像火警)”，可知E项“Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening.(担心是我们的大脑警告我们有危险。)”符合本段主题，其中Worrying为同词复现。故选E项。 4．根据前文“Optimism is shaped by your genes, which carry characteristics inherited from your parents, and by what happens to you.(乐观是由你的基因塑造的，它带有从你父母那里遗传来的特征，也由你身上发生的事情决定)”以及后文“Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive —for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. (研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一个等级)”可知，F项“However, whatever your starting point is, everyone can learn it.(然而，无论你的出发点是什么，每个人都可以学习它)”和前文构成转折关系，且和后文构成顺承关系。故选F项。 5．分析设空，谓语段尾，应是对前文的总结，所以根据前文“Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive-for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade.(研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果是有帮助的——比如，你弹吉他的画面，通过了下一个等级)”可知，前文讲述想象积极的结果是有帮助的，所以D项“Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it.(想象这个可以激励你致力于去实现它)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选D项。 （十二） （辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2023-2024高二下期末试题） How to overcome travel anxiety Stress and anxiety around documents and procedures of travel is common. Here are some tips from experts on how to overcome travel anxiety and enjoy your holiday or trip. 1 To be able to best cope with your travel anxiety, you need to have a good understanding of the things that actually cause it. Once you understand what triggers your anxiety, you can plan ahead for the best ways to handle it. Plan out your trip details. One of the reasons for your travel anxiety is that you’re being taken out of your comfort zone and won’t have full control over everything. 2 That will give you a sense of control. However, it’s equally important to think of alternative plans for anything that could potentially not go as planned. Make use of different relaxation techniques. 3 Another useful way to calm your mind is by meditating. To make sure you find the mindfulness technique that works best for you, try out a few different ones beforehand and use the most efficient one during your trip to set your mind at ease. Have things with you that bring you joy. These can include physical item s like a book to read, or a game to play. It can be extremely useful in distracting you from your negative feelings. Alternatively, you can create a playlist of songs you love or have your favourite TV show with you. 4 Don’t forget your physical health. Being physically active is a great way to reduce feelings of anxiety and stress. 5 Going outside and connecting with nature can have a positive effect on your physical and mental wellbeing, which in turn will help reduce your anxious thoughts. A．Brainstorm various kinds of anxiety. B．Understand where your anxiety originates. C．Frankly speaking, negative feelings can’t be avoided. D．Make sure to incorporate physical activity in your days. E．Deep breathing is a technique proven to help reduce stress. F．They will keep your mind occupied, decreasing your feelings of anxiety. G．To help ease that anxious feeling, try to plan out your trip in as much detail as possible. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．E 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一些缓解旅游焦虑的有效方法。 1．空处为段落小标题，根据后文“To be able to best cope with your travel anxiety, you need to have a good understanding of the things that actually cause it. Once you understand what triggers your anxiety, you can plan ahead for the best ways to handle it.(为了能够最好地应对你的旅行焦虑，你需要对真正导致它的事情有一个很好的理解。一旦你明白是什么触发了你的焦虑，你就可以提前计划最好的方法来处理它。)”可推断，本段讲述要理解你的焦虑的来源，因此推断B项“了解你的焦虑来自哪里。”为最佳标题，故选B。 2．前文“Plan out your trip details. One of the reasons for your travel anxiety is that you’re being taken out of your comfort zone and won’t have full control over everything.( 计划好你的旅行细节。旅行焦虑的原因之一是你被带出了自己的舒适区，不能完全控制一切。)”建议要计划好旅行细节，缓解走出舒适区的不舒适带来的焦虑，因此推断G项“为了帮助缓解这种焦虑的感觉，试着尽可能详细地计划你的旅行。”符合语境，与标题一致，承接上文内容。故选G。 3．根据标题“Make use of different relaxation techniques.( 利用不同的放松技巧。)”可知，本段建议利用不同的放松技巧放松，因此推断E项“深呼吸是一种被证明有助于减轻压力的技巧。”符合语境，承接上文举例说明一种放松技巧——深呼吸。故选E。 4．前文“Have things with you that bring you joy. These can include physical item s like a book to read, or a game to play. It can be extremely useful in distracting you from your negative feelings. Alternatively, you can create a playlist of songs you love or have your favourite TV show with you.( 随身携带能带给你快乐的东西。这些可以包括实体物品，比如要读的书，或者要玩的游戏。这对分散你的消极情绪非常有用。或者，你可以创建一个你喜欢的歌曲播放列表，或者把你最喜欢的电视节目带在身边。)”讲述可以随时携带一些让你快乐的东西缓解焦虑，例如书，游戏，也可以闯进歌曲播放列表或者携带最喜欢的电视节目，因此推断F项“它们会占用你的注意力，减少你的焦虑感。”符合语境，they指代前文提到的缓解焦虑的东西。故选F。 5．前文“Don’t forget your physical health. Being physically active is a great way to reduce feelings of anxiety and stress.( 不要忘记你的身体健康。积极锻炼身体是减少焦虑和压力的好方法。)”讲述积极锻炼身体是缓解焦虑的好方法，后文“讲述”，因此推断D项“确保每天都有体育锻炼。”符合语境，呼应前文提到的“积极锻炼身体”。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$