Unit 4 Hands on fun讲义-2024-2025学年译林版八年级上册英语

Unit 4 Hands-on fun 第 1 课时 Welcome to the unit 目标导航 重点 词汇 1 月饼 n. 2 架子 n. 3 玫瑰 n. 4 胶带；用胶带粘贴 n.vt. 5 胶，胶水；黏合 n.vt . 6 折叠 vt. 7 完成，结束，全部的 adj. 重点 词组 1. 做月饼 2. 刷墙 3. 做灯笼 4. 组装一个架子 5. 做一些纸玫瑰 6. 需要一些彩色纸，胶带胶水和一把剪刀 7. 像这样折叠纸 8. 剪出花的形状 知识点睛 1.describe our own experience of making something. 【精讲 1】own 的用法解析 own v.有，拥有， 占有 owner n.物主，所有人，own pron. 某人自己的（东西）。 【短语】 某人自己的 ofone 's own -----常用作后置定语，修饰名词 独自，独立 on one 's own =alone 或 by oneself-----常用作表语或状语 1）experience 此处用作可数名词，意为“经历”。 e.g.I’m looking forward to experiencing many interesting things.我期待着经历很多有趣的事情。 2）experience 还可用作不可数名词，意为“经验”。表示做某事的经验时，其后常接 in/of doing sth.。 e.g.Mr Wu has so much experience in teaching. 王老师在教学方面有如此多的经验。 3）experience 还可作及物动词，意为“体验；经历”。 e.g.The girl has never experienced sadness. 这个女孩从未体验过悲伤。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【拓展】experienced 形容词，意为“有经验的”。 e.g.My father is an experienced teacher. 我父亲是一个有经验的教师。 练一练 ( ) 1. Our English teacher always talks about her travelling in Africa in class. A ．knowledge B ．confidence C ．experience D ．information ( ) 2. He once worked for a travel magazine for one year and the helped him get a job as a reporter. A ．knowledge B ．information C ．experience D ．skills 3. 这次竞赛是多么棒的一次经历，帮助他们重建信心。 the competition is to help them rebuild their ! 【精讲 2】 不定代词 something /nothing /anything /everything something 某事物;一些事物 l want something to eat. anything 1.用于否定句/疑问句 ls there anything in that box? They don't have anything to eat. 2.任何事物 I want something to eat. Anything will be OK. everything 1 ．一切事物;每样事物 This shop sells everything needed for camping. 2 ．最重要的事(用作表语) Money is everything to him. nothing 没什么东西 There's nothing interesting in the newspaper. 注意: 1.something 通常用于肯定句，anything 通常用于否定句或疑问句。 2.如果希望得到对方肯定的回答， 问句中需要用 something 来表示。 3.修饰以上四个不定代词的形容词不能放前面，必须放它们的后面: something, anything, everything, nothing+形容词/else something, anything, everything, nothing+ to do 4.nothing & none 的区别 nothing “什么都没有” 常回答 what 疑问句 none “一个都没有，数量为 0” 常回答 How many/ much 疑问句 解题技巧:表示前文提到的事物，数量为 0 ，则用 none。 e.g. --- Mom, I want to eat some cakes. --- Oh, there is none left in the fridge. They were eaten by your sister just now. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 练一练 ( ) —Would you like to eat? —Yes, please. A ．anything delicious B ．delicious anything C ．something delicious D ．delicious something 2.what are you going to do ,Suzy? 【精讲】be going to (1)表示“意图 ”，即打算在（不久的）将来做某事。 （2）表示“预见 ”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。 be going to & will 的区别(7B 将来时态) will be going to 表示将来发生的事情时 客观的情况, 即客观上将要发生的 事情. 主观判断,及说话人主观 上计划或安排将要去做 的事情 说话人按照他的意图将 要发生或进行的动作时 没有经过事先计划或考虑,而是在 说话的当时临时想到的意图或临 时作出的决定 经过事先考虑好的意图 时间/条件从句中 √ 在正式的通知（如新闻媒 体公布的官方消息,气象 预报等）中用 √ 表示有迹象表明要发生 某事 √ 3.I need some coloured paper ,tape or glue and a pair of scissors. 【精讲】 need (1) need 作实义动词，意为“需要，必然” ，有人称、时态及数的变化。例如： sb./ sth. 需要某人/某物 need + to do sth. 需要做某事 doing 需要（被）做 (2) need 也可作情态动词，意为“需要，必须” ，没有人称、数和时态的变化，后接动词 原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用 must 提问的句子，其否定回答常用 needn’t 。例如： — Must he hand in his homework this morning? 他必须今天上午交作业吗？ — No, he needn’t. 不，不必了。 【拓展】need to do 和 need doing 的辨析： need to do sth.意为“需要干某事” ，是自己主动去干某事；need doing 其主语是物，含有 被动的意义，相当于 need to be done 。例如： The student needs to do his homework as soon as he gets home. 那个学生需要一回家就做家庭作业。 My computer needs repairing. 我的电脑需要修理。 练一练 ( ) 1 ．If you the book, you buy it right now, I think. A ．needn't, needn't B ．don't need, don't need C ．don't need, needn't D ．don't need, needn't to ( ) 2 ．You those things if you them. A ．needn't buy; don't need B ．needn't buy; needn't C ．don't need to buy; needn't D ．don't need buy; don't need ( ) 3 ．---What does Sandy ? ---She some music books. A ．need；need B ．needs；need C ．needs；needs D ．need；needs ( ) 4 ．We can give old things away to people . A ．in the need B ．in a need C ．in needs D ．in need ( ) 5 ．---Must I stay here with you? ---No, you . You may go home, but you go to the net bar (网吧). A ．mustn't ；don't have to B ．needn't ；mustn't C ．must；need D ．need；must 4.and I’ll cut the flower shapes. 【精讲】相关短语： cut in (on sb. / sth.) 打断某人讲话；插嘴 cut down 削减；砍倒 cut out 裁剪，删除 cut off 切断 cut across 抄近路 练一练 ( ) 1. —I’m sorry to on you, but there’s something I can’t understand. 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 —It doesn’t matter. A ．cut down B ．cut inC ．cut out D ．cut off ( )2. I couldn’t stop on their conversation when my friends were talking about the coming FIFA World Cup. A ．cutting out B ．cutting in C ．putting out D ．putting in 5.when our job is complete. 【精讲】complete vt.完成 (complete-completing / completed) Eg. complete the plan ★ complete +n. (complete 只能接名词做宾语) finish +n. / finish + doing complete adj.完全的,彻底的 Eg. He was a complete surprise to me.他让我大出意外。 completely adv. 完全地 练一练 ( ) 1.The children are jumping excitedly because they have the design perfectly in groups. A. completed B. controlled C. contacted D. caused ( ) 2.My mother has completed the clothes. A. to wash B. washes C. wash D. washing 分层练习 【基础练习】 一、单项选择。 ( )1. good advice you gave us! Thank you very much. A.What B.What a C.How D.How a ( )2.If you the windows ,there might be cats coming in. A.forget;opened B.leave;open C.keep;close D.have;closed ( )3.-How will she make the birthday card? -She doesn't want to do it by herself.She plans to ask someone else to do it . A.yet B.instead C.too D.either ( )4.-Mr Wang,would you please tell me the result of the test? -Good job! You made mistakes. A.a little B.little C.a few D.few ( )5.My cousin Jim lives in the same building.He lives three floors me. A.about B.over C.on D.above ( )6.-Mum,when can I go out to play football? -Finish your homework,I let you go out. A.and;don't B.and;didn't C.or;won't D.or;haven't ( )7.-Don't forget to bring your exercise book here,Lily, you?- .I must 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 remember to bring it here every time. A. can't;Yes,I won't B. can;Yes,I don't C.won't;No,I can't D.will;Sorry,I won`t ( )8.-I don't care what my classmates think of me.-Well,you . A.could B.would C.should D.might ( )9.It's so hot here. the window? A. You should open B.You had better open C.Why not open D.Do you open ( )10.The show is , but I don’t have to watch it. A.interested enough; enough time B. interesting enough; time enough C. enough interesting; time enough D ．interesting enough; enough time ( )11.Don't be .You should listen to what he is saying first. A.patient B.impatient C.certain D.uncertain ( )12.-I want to know more about how to use this word. -You can look it up in your dictionary. A.mainly B.exactly C.most D.much ( )13.-Could you tell me how to use the new washing machines？-Sorry.I don't know,either.Let's read the first. A.messages B.notes C.instructions D.advice ( )14.-Could you please tell me on TV? -Sorry ， . A.something special;special nothing B.special something;special nothing C.anything special;something special D.something special;nothing special ( )15.-Can you help me repair the bike?- .Come and get it in half an hour. A.No problem B.I'm sorry I can't C.Not at all D.It's a pleasure 二、词汇。 possible learn you make a big mistake fill with young practice 1. (put) together all these fruits together can make them more delicious. 2.-Can you leave your sister alone at home? -No,she is to look after herself because she is only four years old. 3.Tony will keep on French if he has enough time for it. 4.It seems for the Spring Festival Gala to satisfy all Chinese. 5.As teenagers,you should not keep worries to . 6.Tom spent more than two hours the pool water. 7.You because you didn't attend the class meeting yesterday. 能力提升 一、完形填空。 Once there was a girl,named Kate.She was very polite and ready to help everybody.One day she found a pink paper bag on the way to school.She opened it and saw there was a lot of 1 in it.She thought she should hand it in to the teacher,so she 2 it in her schoolbag.When she went to the teacher's office,her teacher wasn't in.As it was time for class,she hurried to the classroom.After class,she told her friend,Mary,about the money that she 3 ,Then, her 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 greedy(贪婪的)friend took away the bag.After school,Kate wanted to go to the teacher's office again,but she found the money was missing.The next day when playing a game,Mary fell down and was hurt badly.The other children stood around her and didn't know 4 to do.Kate kept calm and did something to stop bleeding.She told the others to go to teachers for 5 .Within a week Mary was all right again.Two weeks later Mary came to Kate's house.Her eyes were red.She was crying.She gave Kate the 6 paper bag with the money in it and said,“Kate,I have taken the money away.That day when you helped me,I felt very sad and now I decide to tell you the 7 .You are such a nice friend!I promise(承诺)I won't do it again. 8 please don't tell the school about this.Please!”Then Kate said,"You are now 9 ,but you have done a bad thing.Though I will not tell anyone,I want you not to be greedy and 10 to do anything wrong.”The girl thanked Kate and cheered up.At the end of the term Kate was given a prize for being a very helpful girl in the school.Mary became a good girl and was never greedy again.Once wrong,never be wrong forever. ( )1.A.bread B.money C.paper D.fruit ( )2.A.got B.caught C.kept D.sent ( )3.A.found B.lost C.saved D.made ( )4.A.how B.what C.when D.where ( )5.A.help B.treatment C.action D.leave ( )6.A.red B.pink C.white D.black ( )7.A.lie B.story C.truth D.result ( )8.A.And B.But C.Or D.So ( )9.A.friendly B.polite C.generous D.honest ( )10.A.never B.seldom C.sometimes D.usually 二、根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。 Injun Joe stood by Hoss Williams' grave(坟慕)and looked down at the two men.Then he put the knife into Muff Potter's hand and sat down.Five minutes went by.Potter moved a little and opened his eyes.“What-what happened,Joe?”he asked.“This is bad,Muff,”said Joe."Why did you kill him?”“Me?Did I kill him?”Muff's face 1.t white,and the knife fell from his hand."It's the whiskey(威士忌),Joe!I never fight 2.w knives usually.Oh,why did I drink all that whiskey tonight?I don't 3.r anything!”“It's OK,Muff,”said Joe.“I'm not going to tell 4.a You get away quickly.Go on-go now!”Muff Potter got up and ran 5.a .Joe watched him for a 6.m ,then he7.c put the knife next to the doctor's body.Then he,too.8.l the graveyard(墓地）.That night Muff came to the graveyard to get his 9.k .But the Sheriff's(县治安干部）men were there,and they 10.t Muff to a little jail(监狱).And there Muff sat for four weeks,and waited for his trial.Tom and Huck could not forget that nigh tin the graveyard.They were very unhappy,and very afraid. 三、任务型阅读。 When I was very young,I did not like to do things with my own hands. I did not need to learn to do anything.My parents were always there to do everything for me. They got the meals ready for me. washed the clothes for me,made the bed for me,and even took off the shoes for me.After I was old enough to go to school,I often had to do some homework after I came back home from school.At first,I was very lazy and did not want to do any homework,so I still wanted my parents 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 to do it for me.My dad said that he could do the homework for me,but my mum asked him not to take this crazy idea into his mind.She said to my dad,“If you do not let your son learn to do his own homework,he will never learn to do anything!”So my dad had to ask me to do the homework myself.However,he said that he would help me by checking my homework for me.In this way,I began to learn to do my homework all by myself.To my parents' great surprise,I did most of the homework very well!My parents were so glad that they both held me in their arms and said,“You are really great!”Hearing these words,I was very excited.I was so excited that I decided to learn to do more things by myself.I can even help my parents do some housework.I am really glad that I can do so many things 根据短文内容，回答下列问题，每题答案不超过 6 个词。 1. Who washed the clothes for the writer when he was young? 2. What did the writer have to do after he went to school? 3. How did the writer's father help him with the homework? 4. Why did the writer's parents both hold him in their arms? 5. What did the writer plan to do? Unit 4 Hands-on fun 第 2 课时 Reading 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 目标导航 重点 词汇 1. 自己动手 n. 2.狂热的，迷恋的 adj. 3.热衷于 4.天生的 adj. 5.手巧的人 n. 6.错误 n. 7.断电，停电 n. 8.管道，管子 n. 9.使...充满 10.不幸的，不顺利的 adj. 11.反而 adv. 12.课程 n. 13.杂乱，不整洁 n. 14.乱七八糟 15.灯 n. 16. 引起某人的注意 17.使惊奇，使感到意外 vt. 18.不可能的 adj. 19.几乎，差不多，将近 adv, 20.金属容器塑料容器 n. 21.到处 adv,pron. 重点 词组 1.痴迷于 DIY 2.喜欢自己动手做或修理东西 3.一个天生的巧匠 4.尝试安装一个更亮的灯 5.犯了个错误 6.停电 7.整个房间 8.在他卧室的墙上张贴一幅画 9.击中了水管 10.使房间里充满水 11.参加在线 DIY 课程 12.最好准备一个书架 13.很快拿来一些木板，很快为我组装一个书架 14.一个落地灯 15.一个有趣和省钱的好方法 16.一个对 DIY 有天生的天赋 17.一个 DIY 的忠实粉丝 知识点睛 1.My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. 【精讲】be crazy about (doing) sth. 痴迷于（做）某事 = like/enjoy (doing) sth. very much 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 例如：My son is crazy about playing football. 练一练 ( ) 1.My sister is crazy playing computer games. A. of B. on C. about D. with ( ) 2.Not only his parents but also his sister DIY. A. are crazy about B. is crazy about C. is crazy of D. is crazy of ( ) 3.As a teacher, you should every child, and they will like you. A. be willing to B. be crazy about C. be patient with D. be angry with ( ) 4.Why is Simon crazy playing computer games? A. such; about B. so; about C. so; in D. so; on 2.However,he is not a born handyman! 【精讲 1】however ，副词，意为“然而” ，转折的意味较弱。可位于句首、句中或句末。常 用逗号与句子隔开。 but ，连词，意为“但是” ，转折的意味较强。位于分句的句首。后面一般不用逗号。 【精讲 2】 be born ，短语，意思是“出生，出世”。 I was born on Christmas Day. 我出生在圣诞节。 [拓展]短语，at birth ，意思是“出生时”。 The baby weighed three kilos at birth. 婴儿出生时体重为三公斤。 练一练 (1)The baby panda looked like a little white mouse at (born). 3.Once ，He tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake. 【精讲】① once adv. 曾经,一度 (常用过去时) Eg. There was once a shoe factory here. adv. 一次 Eg. We have a reading week once a term. once 一次 twice 两次 three times /four times/ ten times ② put in 安装 带有 put 的常用短语: put out 扑灭 put on 穿上 put up 搭建, 张贴,举起 put up a shelf / put up a picture / put up your hand ★ Put all your eggs in one basketball. 孤注一掷 ③ mistake n.错误,失误 Eg. make the same mistake 犯相同的错误 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 make fewer mistakes 少犯错误 make a little mistake 犯个小错误 vt.误以为 mistake A for B 把 A 误以为 B 练一练 1. 人们在树林中搭建了很多帐篷。 People in the forest. 2. 尽量仔细一些，下次犯的错误会更少。 - be more careful, and then you’ll next time. ( ) 3.--Mr Green, would you please tell me the result of the test? --Good job! You made mistakes. A. a little B. little C. few D. a few ( ) 4.The social worker helped the old man a light in his bedroom and a picture on the wall. A. put in; put on B. put up; put on C. put in; put up D. put on; put up ( ) 5.The room is not bright enough. I need to a light on the ceiling. A. put in B. put on C. put up D. put with ( ) 6.--I’m sorry I made mistake. But I won’t make same mistake for second time. --Never mind. Nobody is perfect. A. a; the; a B. a; /; the C. the; a; the D. a; a; / ( ) 7.The light in our classroom . So we’re waiting for someone to a new one. A. did wrong; put in B. went wrong; put up C. did wrong; put up D. went wrong; put in 3.Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and ( filled the room with water. ) 【精讲 1】other / the other / others / another 的区别： （1）other 为形容词“别的，其他的” 。作代词用时前面可加the / any/some 等或用作复数。 例如：He is taller than any other brothers in his family. 他比他家的其他几个兄弟都高。 （2）the other 意为“另一个人，另一个东西” ，指两者中另外的一个。例如： I have two books. One is an English book, the other is a Chinese book. 我有两本书，一本是英语书，另一本是中文书。 （3）others 意为“其他的人或物” ，作代词用。例如： 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 You should think of others. 你应该想想别人。 （4）another 作形容词，意为“另外的，别的” ，只可修饰单数名词；作代词，意为“另一个， 再一个” ，指三者或三者以上中的任何一个。 例如：Here comes another bus. 又来了一辆公共汽车。 【精讲 2】① hit vt. 撞,击中 (hit-hit-hi/ hitting) ② fill vt. 使充满 fill... with... 用...填充... Eg. fill the hole with earth 用泥土把洞填起来 be filled with... = be full of... 充满,装满 Eg. The world is full of/ is filled with love. 世界充满爱。 练一练 ( ) 1 ．To get the job, in this application form first. A ．filling B ．fill C ．filled D ．to fill 4.but his mum told him, stop trying to fix things all by yourself,dear. 【精讲 1】 ★停止做某事（同一件事）stop doing sth. 停下来去做某事（另一件事）stop to do sth. ★忘记去做某事（未做） forget to do sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） *forget doing sth. 记得去做某事（未做） remember to do sth. 记得做过某事（已做） remember doing sth. 练一练 ( )1 ．When the bell rings, everyone should stop and start reading books. A ．to talk B ．talking C ．to talking D ．Talk ( )2 ．Please stop a rest if you feel tired. A ．to have B ．having C ．have D ．has ( )3 ．It’s already 12 o’clock at night, you’d better stop your homework to bed. A ．doing; going B ．to do; to go C ．doing, to go D ．to do; going ( )4 ．Could you please the hunters wild animals in danger? A ．tell; don’t keep hunting B ．to tell; not to stop hunting C ．tell; to stop hunting D ．tell; to not stop to hunt ( )5 ．—Did you forget off the light when you left the room just now? —No, I remember that, Mum. A ．to turn; to do B ．turning; to do C ．to turn; doing D ．turning; doing ( )6 ．Mr Green told us off the lights when we leave the classroom. A ．to not forget to turn B ．don’t forget to turn C ．not to forget to turn D ．not to forget turning ( )7 ．—I’m sorry,Mr Green, I my homework at home. —That’s all right. Don’t forget it here tomorrow. A ．forgot; to bring B ．left; to bring C ．forgot; bring D ．left; bringing ( )8 ．—- I’m sorry, Ms Green, I forget my homework. 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 —- You can finish it tonight and it here tomorrow. A ．doing; take B ．to do; take C ．to do; bring D ．do; take 【精讲 2】try to do sth.尽力，努力，设法做某事 try to doing 尝试做某事 try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事 练一练 1 ．—Can you give me some advice on how to increase(提高) my reading speed(速度)? —You can try (read) word groups instead of word by word. 2. In order to save money, I try (not eat) out a lot. ( )3 ．—We can go to the station by bus. —Why not there for a change? A. try walking B.trying to walk C.to try to walk D.to try walking 5. He didn’t listen,Instead ,he bought many books about DIY and take an online DIY ( course as well. ) 【精讲 1】① instead of= in place of，意为：“替换掉… ，而不是… ” *注意：of 为介词，后面一般跟名词、代词(宾格)、动词 ing 形式； 例如：I decided to call instead of writing an e-mail.我最后决定打电话，而不是写邮件。 Instead of buying a new car, I bought a used one. 没有买新车，我买了一辆二手车。 They chose her instead of me.他们没有选择我，而是选择了她。 He had juice instead of milk. 他喝的果汁，没有喝牛奶。 【用法总结】通过例句，发现：instead of 后面跟的是被替换掉的、被否定的对象； ★★★★ 区分：instead adv.“转而 … ，改成 … ” 例如：I was going to write you an e-mail, but I decided to call instead. 我本来打算给你写邮件的，最后决定还是改成给你打电话吧。 I couldn't afford a new car. Instead, I bought a used one. 我买不起新车。我最后转而去买了一辆二手车。 They didn't choose me; they chose her instead.他们没有选择我，而是选择了她。 I don't have any milk. Do you mind juice instead? 家里没有牛奶了,你介意改喝果汁吗？ 【用法总结】通过例句，发现：instead 跟的是被最终选择的对象。★★★★ 因此，instead 与 instead of 两个词的用法是完全相反的！！ instead of 后面跟的是被替换掉的、被否定的对象（表示的是否定） instead 跟的是被最终选择的对象（表示的是肯定）。 【精讲 2】① buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物跟双宾语的动词中，可换为 for 结 构的动词有 buy ，make ，cook ，get ，build 等。跟双宾语的动词中，可以换为 to 结构的动词 有 bring ，give ，hand ，lend ，pass ，offer ，post, sell ， send ，show ，tell ，write ，teach 等 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ② take a course in sth. = attend a course in sth. 参加一个... 的课程 pass / fail a course ( ) 1.—Why don’t you keep long hair, Mary? —The short hair looks fresh and cool. I also have time to sleep in the morning doing my long hair. A ．more; instead B ．more; instead of C ．much; instead D ．less; instead of ( ) 2.— Did you go to the cinema last night? — No. seeing a film, I just stayed at home and watched TV. A ．But B ．So C ．Instead D ．Instead of ( ) 3.McDonald has changed its company’s name into Golden Arches Maidanglao, but most people don’t like the new name. A ．instead B ．instead of C．just like D ．because of 6.One day ,he found my room in a mess,with books all over my bed. 【精讲】some day 与 one day 两者都可意为“有一天” ，但用法有别。 some day 表示将来的某天，常用于一般将来时 one day 表示过去的某一天，也可表示将来的某一天。可用于一般过去时或一般将来时，当 表示将来的某一天时可 some day 换用 例：I will go to climb Mount Tai some day/one day inthe future. 将来某一天我要去爬泰山。 One day, he went to a small village. 一天，他去了一个小村庄。 练一练 ( ) 1 ．I hear Lijiang is a very beautiful city. I hope I can visit it . A ．some days B ．some times C ．some day D ．sometimes ( ) 2 ．I strongly believe that my dream will come true even though many people laugh at me · A ．some day B ．some days C ．every day D ．a day ( ) 3 ．Mr. Li works eight hours day and I want to visit his factory day. A ．a, a B ．one, one C ．a, one D ．one, a 7.You’d better have a shelf for them”he said. 【精讲】had better (= 'd better) 最好 had better (not) do sth. 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Had sb. better do sth. ? Eg. You' d better hurry, or you'll miss the train. He has better go home right now. (F) had better 无人称和数的变化 ★It's better to do sth. 练一练 1. You had better (not talk) loudly. The baby is sleeping. ( ) 2.It seems it’s going to rain. You’d better the windows when you leave the house. A. leave; open B. not leave; opened C. not to leave; open D. not leave; open ( ) 3.You have worked for several hours. You’d better a rest. A. to stop to have B. stop to have C. to stop working D. stop having 8.I was surprised to know that he made it himself. 【精讲 1】 ① surprise 惊奇 Eg. to one' s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 令人惊讶的事 Eg. What a big surprise! ② surprise vt. 使惊奇, 使措手不及 Sth. surprise sb. Eg. What surprised me most was that she failed the exam. ③ surprised adj. 吃惊的,惊讶的 Sb. be surprised at sth. be surprised to do sth. ④ surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 Eg. a surprising ending 一个意想不到的结局 (侧重说明事物) 【精讲 2】make 的用法 make v. 做，制造；使成为；使产生 ① make sb./sth. +adj. “使某人/某物怎么样？” 例如：I’ll make it easier. ② make sb./sth. + n. “使某人/某物成为...” We made him our monitor. ③ make sth. for sb. “为某人做某事” She made a birthday cake for me. ④ make sb. do sth. “让/使某人做某事” She made me laugh. 练一练 (1) What (make) good teachers? I think good teachers should be patient. (2) Mr Wu often tells us (fun) stories and makes us (laugh). (3) Millie is good at painting. All her friends think she an artist. A. makes B. will make C. grows D. will grow (4) Mr. Smith made Kitty the classroom alone. This made her . A ．to clean; sad B ．clean; sadly 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C ．clean; unhappy D ．cleaned; unhappy (5) His words made me very just now. A. sadly B. sad C. sadness D. sadder ( 9.My cousin enjoys DIY and now no DIY seem s impossible to him . I decided to paint my bedroom blue because it is my favourite colour. ) 【精讲 1】 seem 可用作连系动词或不及物动词，意为“似乎；好像 ”，常见用法如下： (1)“主语＋seem＋(to be)＋表语 ”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是短语， 以说明主语的 特征或状态。 He seems (to be)a very hard-working boy. 他看上去是一个非常勤奋的男孩。 (2)“主语＋seem＋不定式 ”，此句型中的 seem 与不定式一起构成复合谓语。 Mrs Green doesn't seem/seems not to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。 (3)“ It seems＋that 从句 ”，其中 it 是形式主语，that 引导真正的主语。 It seems that no one knows what happened in the park. 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什 么事。 It seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again.在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。 (4)“There＋seem to be＋名词 ”，其中 to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主 语的名词的单复数形式而定。 There seems to be a bird in the tree.树上好像有一只乌。 There seem to be many people talking about it. 似乎有很多人在谈论这件事。 练一练 1.There lots of bad news on the Internet for children. A ．seems to be B ．seem to be C ．seem to have D ．seem to have 2.He after he chatted with his parents online. A ．seems happily B ．seemed happy C ．seems happy D ．seemed to happy 3.The pair of glasses over there cool. Bring to me and let me have a look. A ．seems; them B ．seems; it C ．seem; it D ．seem; them 【精讲 2】① possible adj.可能的 possible-impossible 我们可以通过在一些形容词前面加上 un-, im-, in-这样的前缀来表示它们的反义词。 unable, unfair, unfriendly, unhappy, unhealthy, unkind, unlucky, unpleasant, untidy, unusual, uncertain, uncomfortable, unimportant, uninteresting 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 inactive, incorrect, incomplete, indirect impatient, impossible, impolite, improper 【精讲 3】 decide 决定，decide to do sth 决定做某事 decide not to do sth 决定不做某事 decision 决定，可数名词；make a decision (to do sth)下定决心（做某事） 练一练 1. 我建议爸爸把卧室涂成黄色。 I my father my bedroom . 10.fill my house with water. 【精讲】fill...with 的用法 fill (vt.) → full (adj.) ★ ①fill .... with..... 用......把.......装满 【主动语态】 ★ ② ... be filled with... 【被动语态】 = be full of 例如：The bottle is/was filled with water. = The bottle is/was full of water. They filled the box with books. 练一练 (1) --The basket is too heavy to carry. What’s in it? --Oh, it is oranges. A. filled with B. covered with C. used for D. asked for (2) The cakes with chocolate. Have one, please. A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. was filled (3) --The bag is so heavy. What’s in it? --Oh, I it apples. A. am filled; with B. are full; of C. filled; with D. filled; of (4) Life is love everywhere. Let’s enjoy it. A. full of B. made of C. proud of D. afraid of (5) My mother often the fridge all kinds of meat and vegetable. A. fills; with B. fills; in C. fill; in D. fill; with 11.When I was nearly finished. 【精讲】nearly 的意思是“几乎”。 almost 也表示“几乎” ，但 almost 可用于 any ，no ，none ，nobody 等否定词之前，nearly 一 般不这样用。 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 例 1. He nearly hit the car.他几乎撞到了汽车。 例 2. Almost any man can do it.几乎任何人都会做。 例 3. Almost no one came to the party.几乎没有人来参加聚会。 练一练 他远不像你想象的那么好。 He is . 分层练习 【基础练习】 一、词汇运用 1. The engineers decided to stay there and (修理) the ship. 2. I’m not sure if I will go to Mary’s party. Maybe I’ll go to the cinema (反而). 3. The advice is much (crazy) than mine. We wouldn’t take it. 4. To make beautiful paper roses, I need some paper and (胶水). 5. After John (完成) his song, everyone stood op and cheered for him. 6. Simon works hard ,so he often gets good (结果) in the exams. 7. What were you thinking about during the exam? Most of your answers were (correct). 8. The book was (one) very popular all over the world, but now nobody reads it. 9. Do you think copying(抄) words and (sentence) is helpful to English study? 10. It’s (certain) if(是否) they can finish the difficult work in such a short time. B ：动词填空 1. You’d better (not read)books on the bed 2. ---Who do you think (hit) the pipe? ---I think Tom did. 3. Not only you but also my brother (have) to go now. 4. His father advised me (try) it again after I failed many times. 5. You can stop to have a rest instead of (complete) the endless exercises. 6. ---How soon will your sister (paint) the walls blue? ---In an hour. 7. (fix) the bicycle for me as soon as possible. 8. In fact, 12-month-old babies are old enough to dress (they). 9. We have a long way to go until the job is (finish). 10. The worker spent a few days (decorate) the bedroom last week. 二、单项填空 ( ) 1. ---Sorry for being late again. --- here on time next time, or(否则) you don’t need to come here any more. A. Being B. To being C. Be D. To be ( ) 2. There are some toyshops on one side of the street and some bookshops on . A. other B. others C. another D. the other ( ) 3. Life can change to be harder sometimes, but we change ourselves to be stronger. Never say we can’t. A. may B. should C. may not D. shouldn’t 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( ) 4. You’d better your work before reading the instructions. A. not to begin B. not begin C. don’t begin D. to not begin ( ) 5. Mr Li asks us to remember that careful we are, mistakes we will make. A. the more; the fewer B. the fewer; the more C. the more; the more D. the less; the fewer ( ) 6. The government(政府) is elevators(电梯) for some old buildings to help the elderly go up and down easily. A. putting away B. putting on C. putting in D. putting up ( ) 7. You look quite tired. You’d better a good rest. A. stop having B. to stop to have C. to stop having D. stop to have ( ) 8. ---Max seemed unhappy yesterday, ? ---Yes, he was angry at what I said. A. did he B. didn’t he C. was he D. wasn’t he ( ) 9. The girl students are discussing the wall in the classroom. A. what to paint colour B. to paint what colour C. which colour to paint D. to paint which colour ( ) 10. ---How are you doing, buddy? --- . The hot weather here is killing me. A. Not too bad B. Can’t be worse C. Pretty nice D. Can’t be better 能力提升 一、完成句子 1. 你应该多锻炼，而不是躺在床上。 You should exercise more in bed. 2. 你最好先快速地浏览一下下面的问题。 You’d better the following questions . 3. 如果你能为我们提供任何帮助的话，我们将不胜感激。 We would be thankful if you could . 4. 在这次英语考试中，我们应该尽量不拼错任何一个单词。 We should in the English exam. 5. 这个孩子放学后不仅要收拾房间，还要煮饭。 The child needs to cook after school. 二、综合填空 Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school---a school where people learn how to do many of the jobs that are needed in modern society. “After (1) (finish) secondary school, I found that I was (2) (good) at doing things than schoolwork. I had to decide how (3) (make) a living in the future. I’m good at making things (4) w my hands. So I chose to go to a vocational school.” Now, he learns how to repair machines. “It’s necessary(必要的) for people to learn a (5) (use) skill if they want a good life. And I like learning about how things work.” he says. Mark says he is very happy about (6) (he) choice(选择). “Now I can study the things that I like. (7) N wants to study what they aren’t good at right?” He believes that he (8) (be) a great engineer in the future. “It’s not (9) p for 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 everyone to work in offices. We also need (10) (work) who can make and repair things.” 三、阅读理解 Hold your hands together and you feel the heat(热量) from them. Did you know that this heat could be a kind of energy? Ann Makosinski, a girl from Canada made a flashlight(手电筒) that only uses the heat from your hands as power. The invention(发明) won the top prize in last year’s Google Science Fair’s 15-16 age group. Makosinski was just 15 then. Makosinski has been interested in human energy since Grade 6. She said as humans, we produce(产生) heat every minute. She wanted to make use of that to light up the flashlight. She found a kind of tiles(瓷片). These tiles produce electricity(电) when one side is heated and the other side is cooled. She put the tiles both inside and outside of the flashlight. Holding it with your hands would make the tiles heat up on one side. At the same time, the air cools the tiles inside the flashlight. The electricity that was made by the tiles was enough for an LED light. but it did not make so much voltage(电压). Without voltage, flashlights will not light up. To work out the problem, Makosinski spent months finding information on the Internet and doing experiments (实验) at home. She said sometimes she thought it would never work, but she knew “You just have to keep going. In the end, she made it and now she is working on getting a patent(专利) for her flashlight. ( ) 1. How old is Ann Makosinski now? A. 13. B. 14. C. 15. D. 16. ( ) 2. Which of the following is TRUE about the flashlight? A. It was invented by a girl from Britain. B. It uses the heat from people’s heads. C. It came second in Google Science Fair. D. It had tiles both inside and outside of it. ( ) 3. What does the underlined word “that” refer to? A. A special type of tiles. B. Electricity produced by tiles. C. Heat produced by humans. D. Google Science Fair. ( ) 4. How did Ann Makosinski work out the problem of voltage? A. She put tiles inside and outside of the flashlight. B. She held the flashlight with her both hands. C. She worked hard and did experiments. D. She worked on getting a patent for her flashlight. ( ) 5. Which of the following can best describe Makosinski? A. Being clever and pretty. B. Helping others warmly. C. Working at school carefully. D. Never giving up. 四、信息还原 One winter night, Mrs Lord and her two little girls sat by a bright fire in their pleasant home. The girls were sewing, and their mother was busy with her knitting（编织）. 1. She looked up and said, "Mother, I think the fire is brighter than usual. How I love to hear it crackle（发出噼啪声）!" "And I was about to say," cried Mary, "this is a better light than we had last night." "2. Perhaps that is the reason why you think the fire is better, and the light is brighter," 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 said their mother. "But, Mother, 3. I do not see why we are happier now than we were then, for last night cousin Jane was here, and we played ‘Puss in the corner ’ and ‘Blind man ’ until we all were tired," said Mary. "I know! I know why!" said Katie. "It is because we have all been doing something useful tonight. 4. " "5. I am glad you have both learned that there may be something more pleasant than play, and at the same time, more educational," said their mother. A. I don't think so. B. My dears, it must be because you feel happier than usual tonight. C. You can do the things quickly. D. You are right, my dear. E. We feel happy because we have been busy. F. At last Katie finished her work. G. You are good at cooking things in the poor light. Unit 4 Hands-on fun 第 3 课时 Grammar 目标导航 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点 词汇 1.粉笔 n. 2.标记，分数 n. 3.刷子，画笔 n. 4.用法说明 n. 5.危险的 adj. 6.通常的，寻常的 adj. 重点 词组 1. 把工具递给我 2. 再顶部 3. 把他们混合一起 4. 先清理鸟舍 5.上下移动刷子 6. 说明很重要 知识点睛 1.祈使句 【精讲】当我们向他人发出命令，提出要求或建议时，常使用祈使句。祈使句的祝愿时 you （听话人），通常不明确表示出来。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 Do 型：动词原形（+宾语）+其他成分。 Have a seat here.这边坐。 Be 型：Be+n/adj+其他成分。 Be a good child!要做一个好孩子！ Let 型：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。 Let me help you.让我来帮你。 否定句 Do 型和 Be 型均在句首加 Don’t 构成。 Don’t be late for school!上学不要迟 到！ Let 型的否定形式有两种： Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。 Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。 Don’t let him go. =Let him not go. 反义疑问句 祈使句+will you/won’t you? Open the window,will you? Let us 不包括听话者在内，指示对听话 者说，反义疑问句的主语仍然为 you Let us play with snow,will you? 让我们玩雪，好吗？ Let us play with snow,shall we? 咱们玩雪吧，好吗？ Let’s 是表示第一人称的祈使句，包含 说话者，所以反义疑问句的主语为 we. 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （1）有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。 This way,please.=Go this way, please. (2) 有些祈使句可用 No 开头，用来表示禁止。 No smoking!禁止吸烟！ （3）为了使祈使句听来比较客气，委婉，除了用 please 外，句末还可用 will you。 Read the text,will you?读一下这篇文章，好吗？ （4）在祈使句的前面加上 do 可以加强语气，有 make sure(一定，务必)的意思。 Do remember to call me. (5) 祈使句的答句常用一般将来时。 --Don’t smoke here. --Sorry,I won’t. 练一练 ( ) 1 ．Obey the traffic rules, you’ll be punished. A ．but B ．while C ．till D ．or ( ) 2 ．—Don’t forget to wear school uniforms on Monday morning. — A ．OK, I will. B ．No, I will. C ．OK, I won’t. D ．Yes, I won’t. ( ) 3 ．It’s time for supper. Let’s it. A ．stop having B ．stop to have C ．to stop to have D ．to stop having ( ) 4 ． away from the lake, boys. It is deep. A ．Stays B ．Stay C ．Staying D ．To stay ( ) 5 ． play with fire. with fire is dangerous. A ．Don’t; Playing B ．Not; Playing C ．Don’t; Play D ．Not to; To play ( ) 6 ． wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep. A ．Don’t B ．Doesn’t C ．Aren’t D ．Can’t ( ) 7 ．—His friend wants to go swimming it’s very hot. —It’s OK. But allow him to do that alone! A ．so; not B ．so; don’t C ．because; not D ．because; don’t ( ) 8 ．—To prepare for the school trip tomorrow, what should I do, mum? 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 — an umbrella with you and it will be useful when it rains. A ．Taking B ．To take C ．Take D ．Took ( ) 9 ． late again, Bill! Or you will miss the wonderful fan meeting. A ．Don't to be B ．Don't be C ．Not be D ．Be not ( ) 10 ．Why not fill our life with ? Be happy and every day! A ．happy; smile B ．cheer; smiling C ．cheerful; smiling D．joy; smile ( ) 11． on the icon, and you visit Asia and Africa in only two hours! A ．Click; will B ．To click; can C ．Clicking; / D ．To click; / ( ) 12 ．Smile at the world, the world will smile back at you. A ．but B ．and C ．as D ．or ( ) 13 ．—Please don’t forget to close the door when you leave the room. — . A ．No, I won’t B ．No, I will C ．Yes, I won’t D ．Yes, I will ( ) 14 ．“Put on your coat, you will catch a cold!” This is what my mother often says to me. A ．and B ．but C ．or D ．so ( ) 15 ．—Mike, off the lights when you leave the classroom. —OK, Mr. White. A ．turn B ．turns C ．to turn D ．turning ( ) 16 ．—Remember the classroom after school. —OK. I . A ．cleaning; do B ．to clean; do C ．cleaning; will D ．to clean; will ( ) 17 ．—I'm leaving now.— you turn off the lights and the computer. A ．Make sure B ．To make sure C ．Find out D ．To find out 2. Cut out of pieces of paper with a pair of scissors. 【精讲】① 向他人发出命令、提出要求或建议时可用祈使句。 祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头,否定形式在前面加上 do not /don't / never Eg. Be quiet, please. 请安静。 Don't make any noise. 不要发出噪音。 祈使句的反义疑问句用 will you Eg. Please be quiet, will you? Don' t make any noise, will you? 祈使句的回答 Yes / OK, I will.或 No / OK, I won't. Eg. —Please be quiet, will you? —Yes, I will (be quiet). —Don't make any noise, will you? —No, I won't (make any noise). 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 No + doing / n. ! Eg. No smoking! / No photos! ② cut vt. 剪下,切下,割下 (cut-cut-cut / cutting) cut out 剪出 带有 cut 的常见短语: cut down 砍倒 cut in (on sb/sth) 打断(谈话) cut... short 缩短 3.Please don' t give up. Keep trying and you will find you can remember things ( better. ) 【精讲】① give up 放弃 give up sth/ doing sth 放弃某物，放弃做某事 (give it up) Eg. give up smoking 戒烟 ② keep doing sth. 一直不断做某事 ③ 句式结构:祈使句+and / or+陈述句 (多用将来时). 和 if 条件状语从句可以同义转换。 Eg. Hurry up, or you will miss the train. = If you don't hurry up, you will miss the train. Hurry up, and you will catch the train. = If you hurry up, you will catch the train. 4.You had better not / shouldn’t begin your work without reading them. 【精讲】 ① begin vt. & vi. 开始, 着手 (begin-began-begun) begin to do/doing sth = start to do/ doing beginning n. 开始,起初 Eg. in the beginning 一开始 ② without prep. 没有 without sb. / sth./ doing Eg. a house without a garden 没有花 园的房子 without trouble 轻松地、轻易地 without getting fat 没有发胖 without stopping 不停 歇 without sb.不带某人 / 没有某人 Eg. Let's go without him. 不带他, 我们走吧。 ③ patient adj. 耐心的 Eg. be patient with children 对孩子们有耐心 n. 病人 Eg. cancer patients 癌症病人 分层练习 【基础练习】 词汇运用 A 根据句意和汉语注释，在空格内写出单词的正确形式。 1. Daniel was careless, he made many (错误) in his homework. 2. Before you do any DIY work, you should read (指示) carefully. 3. It’s (可怕的) to drive on such a foggy day. 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 4. Can you please make (句子) with the new words on the blackboard. 5. Many women are (狂热的) about shopping at Taobao shops. 6. My mother always (劝告) my father not to smoke. 7. If you can’t sign your name, draw a picture (代替). 8. You’d better take a (课程) to learn more about DIY. B 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. He (stick) a stamp on the envelope and put it into the postbox. 2. The shoes are a little tight(紧的) and they make me (comfortable). 3. Daniel is so (patient) that he can’t wait for a long time. 4. You can play computer games if the work is (finish). 5. It’s (possible) for anyone to play the piano well without enough practice. 6. I don’t think they know (exact) what they’re doing. 7. Lily is a quiet and ______ (active) girl. She seldom answers the teacher’s questions in class. 8. I was ____(certain) about the meaning of the word. So I asked my sister for help. 9. It’s (correct) to add Chinese pinyin to English words. Don’t do that. 10. My grandfather (one) lived in that small house. 短语翻译 1. This morning, I walked to work (没有开车) . 2. My cousin (着迷制作) model planes. 3. You had better (参加一门课程) DIY. 4. (确保) the drinking water is clean. 5. The fruit salads in this shop (不同) in that shop. 6. He (错了那么多) in yesterday’s homework. 7. Li Ming is (不仅聪明而且勤奋). 8. I went to Sandy’s home to make the card because I wanted to (保密). 9. Draw a picture about the words (在卡片的另一边). 10. Then his whole house (断电). 11. We (不必要付钱请人做)it. 12. Finally, I (把这些玫瑰涂成红色). 完成句子 1. 吃药前，你最好看一下说明书。 You before taking the medicine. 2. 我的电脑不断出故障。你能帮我修一下吗？ My computer . Can you . ________ 3. 医生建议我爸爸戒烟。 The doctor my father . 4. 你考试越仔细，你犯的错误就越少。 26 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 you do your exam, you’ll make. 5. 请用一把剪刀把这个塑料袋剪开。 Please the plastic bag ________ 6. 不但我表弟喜欢画画，我也喜欢。 my cousin I like drawning. 7. 不要在书包里塞太多的书，那样太重了背不起来。 Don’t the school bag books. It will be . 8. 莎莉痴迷于跳舞。 Sally dancing. 9. 你应该对你的孩子耐心一些。 You your children. 能力提升 短文还原 从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项多余。 DIY, which means “ Do It Yourself ” , is quite popular all over the world. Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things. 1 . People can learn it by watching them.Lots of people around the world spend their holidays making their homes more beautiful. If there is anything that needs fixing,such as painting the walls or putting in a new shower, they will do the jobs themselves. 2. That brings the joys of DIY. Sometimes people also do DIY for saving money.Some people cannot afford fancy homes. They are thinking about how to make their houses nicer with less money. It is not surprising that DIY is so popular. 3 . People may find it is hard to build a piece of furniture because they can't fully understand the instructions. Though some DIY projects are started with the best ideas, many of them may not get finished. 4 For example, some work should be done by a professional (专业 的 ) worker. If someone doesn't care about this warning( 警 告 ), he may put himself in danger.Therefore, DIY can bring us fun and help us save money, but it is not always as easy as we think. Maybe factories should make easier and safer products. 5 .All in all, it is a very good and suitable thing for many people A. DIY can also be dangerous B. DIY sometimes can be difficult C. With these products, we can build things easily D. Some TV programmes show people how to do DIY E. DIY can give you a sense of achievement(成就感) F. DIY things are usually not very expensive G. More and more people share DIY experience with their friends 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 完形填空 Six-year-old Brandon decided one morning to make his parents pancakes(薄煎饼).He found a big bowl and a spoon, pulled a chair to the table, 1 the cupboard and pulled out the heavy flour(面 粉)bag. He put some flour 2 the bowl with his hands, mixed in a cup of milk and added some 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 sugar.Soon Brandon was covered with flour and getting frustrated(懊恼的).He wanted this to be something good for Mum and Dad, but it was getting very 3 .He didn't know what to do 4 .Suddenly he saw his cat near the bowl of mixture and went to push it away, but he 5 the egg box onto the floor. He tried to clean up but slipped(滑倒)on the eggs, getting his clothes 6 .Just then,he saw his dad standing at the door.Brandon's eyes were full of tears.All he wanted to do was something good, but now...He was sure his dad would beat (打) him, but his father didn't. 7 , he picked up his crying son and kissed him.That's what we sometimes face in 8 .We try to do something good, but it turns into a mess. Sometimes we just 9 there in tears(眼泪) because we can't think of anything else to do. Hopefully, that's when someone close to us picks us up, loves us and forgives us. But we can't 10 trying to "make pancakes”for"Dad ” or for others. Sooner or later we'll get it right, and then they'll be glad that we tried. ( )1. A. turned on B. turned off C. closed D.opened ( )2. A.. above B. at C.into D.under ( )3. A. good B. better C.well D. bad ( )4.A.certainly B. already C.once D. next ( )5. A. touched B. broke C.knocked D. sent ( )6. A. clean B. big C.cheap D.dirty ( )7. A. So B. However C. Instead D. But ( )8. A. life B. time C.use D.space ( )9. A. lie B. land C. study D. walk ( )10. A. stop B. keep C. finish D. mind 任务型阅读： The koala is an important symbol of Australia. The koala lives in open eucalyptus（棱树） forests in south-east Queensland. It is called koala bear, but this animal has nothing to do with the bear. Koalas have thick fur and large ears. Their flat nose makes them look cute. In fact, koalas aren't cute. They have sharp teeth and very sharp claws(爪)! The koala mother caries her baby in a pocket while it grows up in the same way as a kangaroo(袋鼠） does. The baby kola grows in its mother's pocket for the first six months of its life. The name "koala" comes from an Australian word that means "no drink". The koala gets almost all their water and food from the eucalyptus leaves. They eat only eucalyptus leaves. Koalas sleep about nineteen hours a day! Why do they sleep so much? Some people think it's because they're lazy. But koalas aren't lazy. They sleep so much because there isn't much energy in eucalyptus leaves. Koalas don't have much fat, so they must save their energy. One way to do this is to move slowly and sleep a lot .After a day of sleeping, they like to move around and eat just after sunset. They live alone most of the time. Koalas protects their trees. If a koala sees another koala eating in its favourite tree, it might tell the other koala to leave by" barking(叫)"at it. Koalas do “talk” to each other. As well as barks, the males(雄性）make a deep grunting(呼噜的)sound. The mothers and babies talk in soft clicking sounds. If they are afraid, they may cry like a baby. The koala is also an excellent swimmer. They are able to cross wide and deep rivers. The Koala (1) areas Eucalyptus forests in south-east Queensland in Australia. Looks They have thick fur, large ears, a flat nose, sharp teeth and claws. 28 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Growth Just(2) a kangaroo, the koala mother carries her baby in a pocket. Food Eucalyptus leaves. The(3) for sleeping a lot ※Their food does not give them much energy. ※They have little fat. Others ※Male koalas, mother koalas and babies "talk" in different(4) . ※The koala can(5) well. Unit 4 Hands-on fun 第 4 课时 word power -Integration 目标导航 重点 词汇 1.扎染 vt. 2.方法 n. 3.不仅...而且 4.使扭曲，使弯曲 vt . 5.布料，织物 n. 6.系，栓，绑，捆 vt. 7.线 n. 8.给..染色，染料 vt 9.解开 vt. 10.产品 n. 11.作坊 n. 12. 图案，模式 n. 13.衣服，服装 n. 14.卷，管 n. 15.减少 vt.vi. 16.浪费 n. 17.乐趣，高兴 n. 18.理由，原因 n. 19.结果，后果 n. 20.手套 n. 21.纽扣，按钮 n. 22.到..上，向..上prep. 23.指部，手指 n. 24.缝制 vt. 29 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点 词组 1. 使用传统的方法 2. 制作不同的产品 3. 帮助我们培养动手技能 4. 减少浪费 5. 选择颜色鲜艳图案有趣的干净手套 6. 伤到自己 7. 感到自豪和高兴 1.Do you spend much time doing DIY ,Nora? 【精讲】spend/cost/pay/take 辨析 练一练 ( ) 1.--Dad, I’ve run out of my pocket money. I spent 100 yuan some favourite books. --OK. Here you are. But make sure you save money as well. A. for B. on C. with D. at ( ) 2.How long will it you to fly to Beijing from you hometown . A ．spend B ．take C ．pay D ．Use ( )3.Smart phones are more and more popular now. --so they are .But they still too much now. A ．pay B ．cost C ．take D ．spend ( ) 4.The bag was very good,and she 30 per cent down for it. A ．paid B ．cost C ．bought D ．spent ( ) 5. --I like the TV programme Readers best. I think we should spend as much time as we can in our spare time. A. read B.to read C.reading D. reads 2.Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art ,but also a lifestyle. 【精讲 1】not only...but also 的用法 ①not only... but also .... 不但....而且..... 【常与 both... and.... 同义转化】 例如：Mr Yang is not only my teacher but also my friend. =Mr Yang is both my teacher and my friend. 主语 花费 宾语（花费内容） 句型 sb. spend money/time sb. spend(s) money/time on /doing sth. sb. pay money sb. pay(s) money for sth. it/sth. cost money sth./it. cost sb. money it/sth. take time sth./it takes sb. time to do sth. 30 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ★ ②特别注意：当连接两个并列主语时, not only...but also...符合谓语就近原则。 例如：Not only you but also he crazy about decorating houses. =Both you and he crazy about decorating houses. 练一练 ( ) 1. the young the old are getting interested in WeChat. A. From; to B. Between; and C. Not only; but also D. Between; to ( ) 2.Not only he but also his parents DIY. A. are crazy about B. is crazy about C. is crazy of D. is crazy of ( ) 3.--I guess that you Joan enjoys skiing. --Exactly. We are crazy about skiing and we often go skiing together. A. neither; nor B. either; or B. both; and D. not only; but also 【精讲 2】①form 表格; 形式 fill in an application form 填一张申请表 an art form 一种艺术形式 ★ in the form of 以 … … 的形式 ②form vi.& vt. 形成 form a circle 围成一个圈 form a habit of doing sth Eg. Ice forms when it is cold enough. 如果冷到一定的程度, 冰就会形成 3.If you want to have fun making new thing at home ,why not try tie-dyeing? 【精讲】表示建议句型： 日常交际中，向别人提出建议的句型有以下几种： (1)“Let's＋动词原形．”意为“ 。” 咱们 … … 吧； (2)“Shall we＋动词原形？”意为“ ？”我们 … …好吗； (3)“What/How about＋.-ing/名词/代词宾格？”意为“ ？” … … 怎么样； (4)“Why don't we/you＋动词原形？ ”或“Why not＋动词原形？ ”意为“ ？ℽ 为什么不 … … 呢； (5)“Would you like (to do) … ？”意为“ ？” 你愿意/想要(做) … … 吗； (6)“Would/Will you please＋动词原形？”意为“ ？”请你 … …好吗 练一练 ( ) —It's nearly lunchtime. How about having some noodles and dumplings?— . 31 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A ．You're welcome C ．That's nice of you B ．That's right D ．That sounds good 4.I like making new things out of old ones.It can reduce waste. 【精讲】 reduce to ”减少到” reduce by”减少了” . e.g. As a result, costs will be reduced by as much as 90℅ . 5.I love DIY because I find I’m good at it. 【精讲】be good at“擅长 ”；be good for“对……有益 ”。 对某人好 be good to sb =be friendly to sb; 【词组】be weak in 在某方面薄弱/不擅长 do well in = be good at 擅长 v do harm to = be harmful to 多某某有害 6.Doing DIY brings me great joy. 【精讲】bring 和 take 的区别如下： ①bring 带 来 （ 表 示 从 远 处 拿 到 说 话 的 地 点 来 ）， 常 与 here ， me 搭 配 ； Please bring my hat to me tomorrow. 明天请把我的帽子带给我。 ②take 带走（表示从说话地点拿到远处去），常与 there ，away 搭配。 Take your raincoat with you. It's going to rain.把你的雨衣带着。天要下雨。 练一练 1.你能把那本书带给我吗？ Can you that book? 2.那些照片能唤起许多美好的回忆。 The photos can many good . ( ) 3.—Mum, I want to keep a dog as a pet. —You’d better think twice about it. Keeping pets can you some trouble. A.take B.bring C.carry D.put 7.We felt very proud and happy! 【精讲】 proud adj. 自豪的, 骄傲的 be proud of = take pride in 以 … 为荣，为 …感到自豪 pride 名词，“骄傲 ”，短语：be the pride of… ：是 … 的骄傲 对….感到自豪 eg: He is the pride of his family. His parents are proud of him. His teacher is also proud to have such a top student. 练一练 ( ) 1 —Dad, I was the first to reach the top of the hill. —Good job, Tom. I’m of you. A ．confident B ．successful C ．serious D ．proud ( ) 2 —I heard that you volunteered for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. —Yeah. I felt really to help so many people and it was enjoyable. A ．suitable B ．proud C ．stressed D ．tired ( ) 3 —Ren Ziwei and Li Wenlong won gold and silver in Men’s 1000m Short Track Speed Skating Final at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games. —We all take in them. A ．proud B ．pride C ．praise D ．prize 4 This is the (骄傲的) thing I have ever done. 5 Lily was (自豪的，骄傲的) to be a volunteer in her community. 8.形容词否定前缀： ①大多数形容词加前缀 un-构成反义词。 necessary—unnecessary（不必要的） friendly—unfriendly（不友好的） ②以c 或 e 开头的形容词通常加前缀 in-构成反义词。 correct—incorrect （不正确的） expensive—inexpensive（不昂贵的） ③以 p 开头的形容词通常加前缀 im-构成反义词。 proper—improper（不合适的） polite—impolite （不礼貌的） ④以 r 开头的形容词通常加前缀 ir- 构成反义词。 regular—irregular（不规则的） ⑤有些形容词加前缀 dis- 构成反义词。 honest—dishonest（不诚实的） 练一练 ( ) 1. When John lost his job, he found to get a new one. A. that’s impossible B. impossible C. that impossible D. it impossible ( ) 2. There is homework for us to do .It’s to finish it in such a short time. A. much too, unable B. too much, possible C. too many, impossible D. too much, impossible ( ) 3. It is not that everyone will be able to be famous persons. 33 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A. right B. good C. realistic D. impossible 分层练习 【基础练习】 一、用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空 1. I am hungry. Please (bring) me something to eat. 2.Welcome to my home. (make) yourselves feel at home! 3.The teacher told you (not touch) the wet paint. 4.Jim, (not play) football after school.You should finish your homework first. 5. "Kate, never (say) anything had about your friends,” Mum said. 6. Could you please (not make)any noise? I'm studying. 7. (cross) the bridge and you (see)a museum in front of you. 8. Although shopping online is fast and easy,you'd better (not be )crazy about it. 9. It's better (not take) off your coat after doing sports. 10. (not give) up English because it is very important. 11. Please (cheer) for our football team when the match begins. 12. (remember) to help Lucy if she can’t work out her problem in class. 13. Please (not support) the young girl.She is impolite. 14.Never (say) anything bad about your friends. That's impolite. 二、单项选择 ( )1. There's a coffee shop on one side of the river and a restaurant on . A. another B. any other C. the others D. the other ( )2. Jim, would you please the seat?It's for Granny Li. A. not take B. don't take C. not to take D. to not take ( )3. -Must we leave now? -No, you .We still have two more hours. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't ( )4. Tony, the bottle with water and keep it in the cool corner ! A. filling B. fills C.fill D. to fill ( )5. your umbrella, or you'll catch a cold on such a rainy day. A. Take B. To take C. Taking D. Takes ( )6. Tom, late for school next time,will you? A. doesn't be B. don't be C. won't be D. never ( )7.-Excuse me, but can you tell me where the nearest bank is? -Just going for two more blocks and you'll see it. A. keeр B. to keeр C. keeping D. keeps ( )8. Tony looks quite tired. He'd better a good rest at once. A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having ( )9. -I don't think their going swimming telling adults is a good idea. -But things are now better worse.They'll let their parents know before going next time. A. instead of; without B. without; than C. without; instead of D. instead of; than ( )10.-Don't forget to wear the school uniform on Monday morning. - . A. OK, I will B. No, I will C. OK, I won't D. Yes, I won’t 34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( )11. everyone with politeness even those who are very rude to you, not because they are nice, but because you are. A. Treat B. Treating C. Treated D. To treat ( )12.You always be careful with electricity for safety. A. must B. can C. mustn't D. can't ( )13. To keep children away from danger during the coming summer holiday, parents give them some safety tips. A. should B. may C. could D. might ( )14. -You don't like British breakfast,do you?-Not .I just need some time to get used to it. A. more B. only C. truly D. exactly ( )15. me a chance and I'Il bring you a surprise. A. Give B. Giving C. Gives D. To give 能力提升 一、阅读理解 Making a Scarecrow(稻草人) How would you like your very own scarecrow? You can make one out of some old boards. You can use it to drive away birds in your garden. You can also put a scarecrow near your front door to give visitors a big surprise! Here are what you will need: ·an adult(成年人) helper · seven boards (each 10 cm wide): one 160 cm long; three 50 cm long; one 30 cm long; two 60 cm long ·a hammer and nails; safety pins; a pen ·a shirt with long sleeves(袖子) ·a long skirt ·gloves and boots ·a hat and a pillow Step 1: Lay(放置) the boards on the ground. Make the shape(形状) according to(根据) the picture. You will have two arm pieces left over. You will add them later. Step 2: Ask an adult to nail the pieces together. Step 3: Put the shirt on. Ask an adult to nail one arm piece to the shoulder(肩 膀). Let the sleeve fall down so that it covers the board. Pin the glove to the sleeve. Do the same with the other arm. Step 4: Put on the skirt. Step 5: Stick( 插入) the pillow on top as the head. Draw eyes, a nose and a mouth. Step 6: Stand the body up and put it where you want. Step 7: Put the hat on and then put on the boots so it looks like it has feet. ( ) 1. This passage is most probably written for . A. young kids B. parents C. adult helpers D. teachers ( ) 2. A scarecrow can be used to . 35 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A. show visitors the way B. drive little dogs away C. surprise your visitors D. catch birds in the garden ( ) 3.From the passage, we can learn that . A. the pillow is used as the arms B. the adult helper nails the pieces together C. we need a long shirt D. all the boards are the same in length(长度) ( ) 4. In which steps do you need the help from the adults? A. Step 2 and 5. B. Step I and 3. C. Step 2 and 3. D. Step 4 and 6. ( ) 5. Which shows the correct steps to make a scarecrow? a. Prepare all that you need. b. Let the body stand where you want. c. Dress up the body and make a head. d. Put the hat and the boots on. e. Nail the body parts together according to the picture. A. a-e-c-b-d B. a-e-b-c-d C. e-c-d-b-a D. e-a-c-d-b B The weather has always been much talked about in our daily life. But bad weather is sometimes hard to stop, no matter who he is -rich or poor, young or old in every part of the world. Maybe that is why there are so many expressions about the weather, especially about rain. Sometimes, when you need rain, you do not get any. Other times, you get rain when you don’t want it. Take a football game for example. A sudden heavy rain can stop a wonderful game, making the players and the 20,000 persons watching the game run for cover. If the game cannot go on, people who have bought the tickets are given “rain checks” . These are special tickets that will let them watch a later game for free. “Rain Check” now means a second chance at something. Often, a rain check has nothing to do with rain. Shops may give you a “rain check” when they sell something all out a TV set, for example at a special low price. After all the TV sets are gone, the shop gives rain checks to those who wanted to buy one. The rain check lets a person have another chance to buy the TV set later, at the same low price, after the shop receives some more from the factory. “Rain Check” is also used in our daily life. It’s a way of accepting invitation, but for a later time. You may ask for a “rain check” if you are asked to a friend’s house for dinner, but can’t be there. You say, “I would love to join you for dinner, but I’m busy. Could I have a rain check?” You are asking, in other words, if you could join your friend for dinner at another time. ( ) 1. If a game is stopped by a sudden rain, the game-watchers . A. might get TV sets at a very low price B. have to wait until the game starts again C. will get special free tickets for a later game D. can get their money for the tickets back ( ) 2. If you find the new low-priced computer that you want to buy are sold out, you’d better A. go to a much bigger shop nearby B. wait at home for a better chance C. discuss the problem with the shop owner D. ask for a rain check ( ) 3. According to the passage, which “rain check” has something to do with rain? A. A special free ticket for a later football match. B. Another chance for a later TV set at the same low price. C. A way of accepting an invitation for a later time. D. A way to know if it is going to rain soon. ( ) 4. “Rain check” usually means . 36 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A. a way of stopping raining B. a chance of doing or getting something of the same kind later C. accepting an invitation D. any chance of buying something at a low price ( ) 5. Which of the following is the right order of this passage? a. There were many expressions about the weather. b Sometimes no one could stop bad weather c. There was rain check that had something to do with rain d People talked much about weather. e. There was rain check that had nothing to do with rain. A. a-d-c-b-e B. d-b-a-c-e C. a-b-d-e-c D. d-b-a-e-c 二、六选四 Simple ways to improve your written English Lots of people think it is really difficult to improve their written English. Don't worry, here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English. Increase your vocabulary To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. That's not just being able to know lots of words---it means actually being able to use them correctly. (1) . Tip: When you learn a new word, try to learn all the forms of that word. (2) . People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly. Tip: Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text. Improve your grammar Grammar is very important because it improves the quality of your writing. Tip: (3) . The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the particular grammar point you are studying at the moment. Just do it! The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions (版本) of each text. (4) . A. Read widely and often. B. Always check your writing twice. C. Remember, practice makes perfect! D. Choose books or articles that interest you. E. Use simple languages and shorter sentences to show your ideas F. Do this by learning new words with example sentences, not just word lists 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 三、任务型阅读（每空一词） It is difficult to find true friends these days. Some people would hurt behind someone’s back, some make friends just to use them and others promise(承诺) to be your friends but they are never there when you need them the most. They appear only when they need something from you. Once you find a true friend, make sure to take care of what you have with that person. How? Here are some tips on how to make friendship last forever. 1. Call for no reason. Call just to say “Hi” or just to ask “What’s up?” You don’t need an important reason to call a friend. If you can’t call, just send an e-mail. This would send a message that you remember your friends at any time of the day. 2. Know when to say I’m sorry and thank you. The word “sorry” already has saved a lot of friendships. Show thanks for the things, big or little, which your friend does for you. Did she listen to you when you were having any problems with exam? Did he offer his shoulders for you to cry on when somebody broke your heart? Say thank you. It’s not that hard. 3. Avoid hurtful words. If you have nothing good to say, don’t talk at all. Don’t hurt your friend’s feelings by saying hurtful words that, most of the time, you don’t really mean. If you’re a true friend, you will be careful with your words. 4. Don’t tell lies to your friend. Trust is the first thing for building up true friendship. Write them a note from time to time. 5. Know how to keep a secret. Show your friends that they can believe in you to be there whatever happens. If you promise to keep the secrets for your friends, just do it. 6. Be generous with your time. Spare some time to see your friends however busy you are. You can always spare an hour or two after school or work to visit them. If you are the type of person who knows how to take care of friendship, you are certainly a winner! How to treat your friendship in a right way Reasons for being difficult to find true friends l Some will hurt friends or treat friends as (1) . l Some never give you a helping hand when you are in (2) but only take something from you. Ways of making friendship last forever l Call for no reason or just e-mail your friend to show that you remember him at any time. l Say sorry when you are wrong and express thanks for his help at the right time. l Be (3) with your words so that you won’t hurt your friend’s feelings. l Be an (4) person to your friends. l Don’t break your promises by letting (5) your friends ’ secrets, which may show that you are a believable person. l Be generous with your time and visit your friends although you are very busy. 四、书面表达 DIY在年轻人中很受欢迎,它不仅有助于提高人们的动手能力,也能表达人们的感恩之心 和祝福之情。假如你是 Kitty,也很喜欢DIY 。请你根据下面表格中的内容要点, 以"My DIY Works"为题,写一篇英语短文。 38 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 要求: 1.短文须包括所有内容要点,不要逐句翻译,可以适当发挥; 2.文中不能出现真实校名、人名、地名等信息; 3.90词左右。 参考词汇: music box, put up a bookshelf, wish, enjoy life My DIY Works 39 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$