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Unit5 Amazing nature单元知识点梳理(讲义)
Unit5
核心话题
“神奇的自然”
学习目标
1.掌握自然景观相关词汇:mountain, forest, river, lake, glacier, wildlife, environment, pollution 等;理解环保类动词:protect, reduce, save, recycle, destroy 等;熟悉形容词及其比较级/最高级形式(如 large→larger→the largest, amazing→more amazing→the most amazing)。
2.语法:熟练运用形容词/副词的比较级与最高级描述自然现象;
3.激发学生对自然的热爱,培养环保意识;
语法
形容词/副词的比较级与最高级
写作
描述自然现象及表达建议与呼吁
知识点梳理
模块一:重点词汇词形拓展
1.cloud n.云→cloudy adj. 多云的
2.express v.表达;表示;表现→expression n.表达:陈述:表情:脸色:措辞
3.proud adj.自豪的;骄傲的→pride n.骄傲;自豪;得意
4.designer n.设计师,设计者→design v.设计;策划
5.describe v.描述·描写→description n、描述:详细说明:叙述
6.exhibition n.展览(会)→exhibit v展览:陈列:表现出
7.tourv.参观游览n巡回演出:旅行:游历→tourist n.旅游者:游客:观光客
8. scientist n.科学家→science n. 科学→scientific adj.科学的→scientifically adv. 科学地
9.salty adj.含盐的;咸的→salt n.盐
10.suggest v.建议;暗示,暗指→suggestion n.建议;意见
11.disappear v.消失,不见→disappearance n.消失;不见;失踪;绝迹;丢失→appear v.出现;露面;形成;出版
12.national adj.国家的;全国性的→nation n.国家
模块二:重点短语梳理
1.amazing nature 神奇的自然
2.natural wonders 自然奇观
3.man-made wonders造奇观
4. the natural world 自然世界
5. three thousand feet 三千尺
6.as if 好像
7.fall from... 从.摔下/掉下
8.climb up to the top 攀上顶峰
9.look down 向下看
10.all the peaks 所有的山顶
11.other famous works 其他著名的作品
12. the most beautiful 最漂亮
13. the most interesting最有趣
14.in nature 在自然中
15. share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
16.feel about..对..有某种感觉(看法)
17.find out 查明,弄清
18. the writer's favourite colour作者最爱的颜色
19.the world's highest mountain 世界上最高的山
20.Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 青藏高原
21.be famous for... 因.而闻名
22. be full of... 充满
23.meet your eves 映入眼帘
24.all around=everywhere 到处
25. shine brightly 闪闪发光
26. under the sun 在阳光下
27. white lotus flowers 白莲
28.a calm feeling 一种平静的感觉
29.express my love for...表达我对…的爱
30.not just... 不只...
31.run through 穿过
32.fewer shops 更少的商店
33.be proud to do sth 很自豪地.
34.one of+形容词最高级且可数名词复数…之一
35.in my heart 在我心中
36.local life 当地的生活
37.a designer's guide 设计师指南
38. something special 特殊的事
24.something common 普通的事
25. Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰
26.natural history museums 自然历史博物馆
27.a new exhibition一个新的展览
28. all over the world =around the world =in the world 全世界
29. museum opening hours 博物馆开放时间
30. free guided tours 免费观光
31.from A to B 从A到B
32. introduction to lungfish 肺鱼简介
33. research on lungfish 对肺鱼的研究
34.grow lungs生长肺部
35.on the land 在陆地上
36.interrupt politely 礼貌地打断
37.another amazing life 另一个神奇的生命
38. sensitive plant 含羞草
39. explain more 解释更多
40.cut sth into... 把某物切成。
41.cry aloud for help 大哭求助
42. the dead sea 死海
43.be dead 已经死亡的
44. in fact=actually 事实上
45. lie on my surface 躺在我的表面上
46. flow into.. 流入..
47. take sth from...从…掌某物
48. water level 水平面
49. sea level 海平面
50.go down 下降
51.year by year一年又一年
52.take less water 取更少的水
53.dry up 干涸
54. within the next 100 years 在未来的一百年内
55.as my name suggests 正如我的名字暗示
56. make sth for sb=make sb sth 给某人做某物
57.such as 比如
58.many kinds of...很多种类的.
59. cut down trees for wood 为了本头砍树
60. the Glacier National Park冰川国家公园
61.the best choice 最佳选择
62. stop climate change 停止气候变化
63.in each paragraph 在每一段
64.this way of writing 这种写作方式
65.stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事
66. cry aloud for help 大声呼救
67. not...but..不是...而是......
68. in fact 事实上
69. many plants and animals 很多植物和动物
70. flow into 流入
71. water level 水位
72. go down 下降
73. become smaller 变得更小
74. year by year 一年一年地,逐年
75.less water 更少的水
76.dry up 干涸
77.within the next 100 years 在接下来的10年内
78.as my name suggests 正如我的名字所暗示的
79.make..for. 为制造
80.such as 比如
81.many kinds of 许多种类的
82.cut down 砍伐
83.make space for farming 为农业腾出空间
84.be disappearing 正在消失
85.a land full of ice and snow一片充满冰和雪的地带
86.the best choice 最好的选择
87.two hundred years ago 两百年前
88.climate change 气候变化
89.turn into 变成
模块三:重点句型梳理
重点句型
1.Where are some of the most beautiful places?最漂亮的一些地方在哪里?
2.What is amazing about nature?自然神奇之处是什么?
3.What should we do to protect it?我们应该做什么去保护它?
4.What facts about nature do you know?你知道哪些自然事实?
5.It is famous for the world's highest mountain.它是因世界上最高的山而闻名。
6. But this area is also full of the most amazing colours in nature.
但是这片区域也充满了自然中最神奇的颜色。
7. The colour white meets your eyes all around.白色随处可见。
8. The mountains shine brightly under the sun, like white lotus flowers.
阳光下,群山闪耀着光芒,就像白色的莲花一样。
9. And words can't express my love for the rivers and lakes.
语言无法表达我对河流和湖泊的爱。
10.Our grasslands, forests and fields are all green.
我们的草原,森林和田野都是绿色的。
11.The plateau is quieter than the big cities.高原比大城市更安静。
12. I'm proud to say that I'm from one of the most beautiful places in the world.
我自豪地说我来自世界上最美丽的地方之一。
13. The exhibition will last from April to June.展览将会从四月持续到六月。
14. Scientists study lungfish's body and behaviour.科学家们研究肺鱼的身体和行为。
15.I'm not a sea but a lake.我不是海,而是湖。
16.I'm saltier than any sea, so people can lie on my surface.
我比任何海都更咸,所以人们可以躺在我的表面。
17.My water level is going down.我的水平面正在下降。
18. As my name suggests, I make rain for my plants and animals.
人如其名,我为我的植物和动物造雨。
19. However, people are cutting down my trees for wood and to make space for farming.
然而,人们正在为了木头和农耕砍树。
20. I'm a glacier at the Glacier National Park in America.
我是美国冰川国家公园的一座冰川。
模块四:重点知识点精讲
词义辨析
(一)too much vs. too many
区别
too much
too many
含义
太多(修饰不可数名词)
太多(修饰可数名词复数)
例句
There is too much water in the river.(河里水太多。)
There are too many people in the park.(公园里人太多。)
(二)across vs. through
1. across:从表面穿过(如过河、过马路)。
例:We walked across the bridge.(我们走过桥。)
1. through:从内部穿过(如穿过森林、隧道)。
例:The river flows through the forest.(河流穿过森林。)
(三)job vs. work
1. job(可数名词):具体的工作(如教师、医生等职业)。
例:She has a good job in the city.(她在城市有份好工作。)
1. work(不可数名词):泛指工作或劳动。
例:He works hard every day.(他每天努力工作。)
(四)on, over与above
on
表示一物在另一物的表面上,强调两者接触。
There is a cup on the table.桌上有个杯子。
over
表示一物在另一物的正上方,两者不接触,对应词是under。
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
above
表示一物在另一物的上方,不一定是正上方,两者不接触,对应词是below。
The moon was above the tall tree in the east.月亮挂在东方的高树上。
重点知识精讲
考点1. as if
考点1 As if the Silver River fell from azure sky.(教材P67)
as if 似乎,好像 连词,用于引导从句,表达一种假设、想象或比喻的情境。
The willow branches are swaying in the breeze as if dancers were dancing.柳枝在微风中摇曳,仿佛舞者在起舞。
拓展 当as if引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语含有be动词时,通常可省略从句的主语和be动词。
Tom raised his hand as if (he was) to say something.汤姆举起手,好像要说些什么。
考点2.look down
考点2 To look down viewing all the peaks small.(教材P67)
look down 低头看,向下看
I looked down and found a purse lying on the ground.我低头一看,发现地上有一个钱包。
拓展look构成的常用短语
look up 向上看;查阅 look around 环顾
look out 小心,当心 look down on 轻视;瞧不起
look back 回顾;回忆 look after 照看,照顾
look through 浏览 look into 向……里面看;调查
look for 寻找 look forward to 盼望;期待
考点3.be famous for...
考点3 It is famous for the world’s highest mountain.(教材P68)
be famous for... (与be known for同义)以……闻名,因……出名
拓展be famous for, be famous as 与 be famous to
be famous for “以……闻名,因……出名”,后接出名的原因
be famous as “作为……而出名”,后常接表示职位、身份等的词
be famous to “为……所熟知”,后常接表示人的名词
考点4.lovely
考点4 The lovely blue of the sky always gives me a calm feeling.(教材P68)
lovely 令人愉快的;可爱的
常见的以-ly结尾的形容词还有:friendly 友好的 lively 活泼的;生气勃勃的 lonely 孤独的;寂寞的
calm /kɑːm/ adj. 镇静的, 沉着的;心平气和的在句中常作表语。
stay/keep calm 保持镇静,保持冷静
calm down(使)平静,安静,镇静
考点5.express
考点5 And words can’t express my love for the rivers and lakes.(教材P68)
express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达; 表示; 后常接名词或从句等作宾语。
常用搭配:
express one’s love for...表达对…...的爱。
I can’t express my love for these flowers.
Many people from around the world express their love for Chinese culture in different forms.来自世界各地的许多人以不同的形式表达他们对中国文化的热爱。
Words can’t express how pleased I am.言语无法表达我是多么开心。
拓展
(1)express[名词]特快列车;快递服务
(2)expression [名词]表示;表达;表情
Paper cuttings are popular because of their expressions of good luck and wishes. 剪纸作品很受欢迎,因为它们表达了好运和祝福。
考点6.few
考点6 We have fewer shops and restaurants.(教材P69)
few / fju:/ adj. 很少, 不多(比较级:fewer 最高级:fewest)
辨析few,a few,little与a little
few
很少;几乎没有(表示否定)
修饰可数名
词复数
a few
有些;几个(表示肯定)
little
不多;几乎没有(表示否定)
修饰不可数名词
a little
一点,少量(表示肯定)
考点7.one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数
考点7.I’m proud to say that I'm from one of the most beautiful places in the world.(教材P69)
该结构意为“最……的……之一”,当其作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
拓展 “one of + 限定词 + 可数名词复数”意为“……之一”,
当其作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
be proud to do sth.对做某事而感到骄傲。
She was proud to win the first prize in swimming./She is proud to be part of such a great team.
be proud of...以......为骄傲;以......为自豪。We are still proud of Liu Xiang.
考点8. likely
考点8.Where are you most likely to find the passage?(教材P70)
be likely to do sth.可能做某事 此处likely是形容词,意为“可能的”。
It is likely to rain.可能要下雨了。
拓展It is likely that...可能……
I’m likely to be very busy tomorrow.
考点9.describe
考点9 What three colours will you use to describe your hometown?(教材P70)
describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述, 描写
(1)接名词、代词、动名词或疑问词从句作宾语。
It’s difficult to describe my feelings.
He wants to describe them in English now.
He described finding a cat lying on the floor.
I can’t describe how I feel now.
(2)describe…as…把……描述是……;把……说成是……
He describes himself as an artist.
(3)describe sth. to/for sb.向某人描述某物。
Can you describe it to /for me? /Can you describe your son to me?
拓展description[名词]描写,形容,说明
This book gives a full description of life on a farm. 这本书详细地描写了农场上的生活。
考点10.common
考点10 They can be something special or something common.(教材P70)
common /ˈkɒmən/ adj.常见的, 普遍的
(1)It’s common to see people walking their dogs in the park./They share a common interest in swimming.
(2)in common共同地。
(3)have...in common 在......方面有共同点。
考点11.develop
考点11. People developed from fish.(教材P75)
develop /dɪˈveləp/ v.(使)成长,(使)发展
(1)[动词]使形成,培育
It is helpful to develop a good habit of reading in language learning.在语言学习中,养成良好的阅读习惯是有帮助的。
(2)
考点12.aloud
考点12.Natural wonders crying aloud for help(教材P76)
aloud /əˈlaʊd/ adv. 出声地
辨析aloud, loud与loudly
aloud
adv. 大声地;出声地
强调出声,让人听见。常与shout、cry、read等连用
loud
adj. 喧闹的;响亮的;大声的
作表语或定语
adv. 喧闹地;大声地;响亮地
常与talk、speak、laugh等连用
loudly
adv. 喧闹地;大声地
含有“吵闹”或“嘈杂”之意。常与knock、ring等连用
考点13. lie
考点13.I’m saltier than any sea, so people can lie on my surface.(教材P76)
lie /laɪ/ v. 躺, 平卧
辨析lie与lay
单词
词义
过去式
现在分词
lie
平躺;位于
lay
lying
说谎
lied
lying
lay
产(卵);放置
laid
laying
考点14.suggest
考点14.As my name suggests, I make rain for my plants and animals, such as monkeys, snakes and many kinds of flowers.(教材P77)
suggest /səˈdʒest/ v. 暗示, 暗指
(1)as my name suggests正如我的名字所暗示的。
As the name suggests, he is a quiet boy.
(2)suggest表示暗示时,常用于suggest+that从句,从句用陈述语气。
They suggest that we can go hiking next weekend. suggest表示“建议”时,所跟的从句常用虚拟语气,即从句中的动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。
They suggest that we should write four or five words a day on a piece of paper. suggest doing sth.建议做某事。
She suggests playing basketball this afternoon.
拓展(1)suggest[动词]建议,提议
May I suggest a white wine with this dish, sir?先生,吃这道菜,我给您推荐一种白葡萄酒,好吗?
Joey suggested taking a seat under the tree.乔伊建议在树下坐下。
I suggested (that) he have dinner first, and then watch the film. 我建议他先吃晚饭,然后看电影。
(2)suggestion[可数名词]建议
其同义词advice为不可数名词。
Here are some of my suggestions.以下是我的一些建议。
考点15.disappear
考点15 I’m disappearing.(教材P77)
disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə/ v. 消失, 不见
为不及物动词,强调“看不见了”或“不复存在了”的结果。
dis-为否定前缀,表示“不;非;相反;相对”,
可加在某些词前构成其反义词。常见的有:
agree(v.同意)—disagree(v.不同意)
like(v.喜欢)—dislike(v.不喜欢)
honest(adj.诚实的)—dishonest(adj.不诚实的)
order(n.顺序)—disorder(n.混乱)
advantage(n.优势;优点)—disadvantage(n.劣势;缺点)
模块五:重点语法精讲
形容词和副词的比较等级变化规则
(1)规则变化
构成方法
原级→比较级→最高级
直接在词尾加-er, -est
fast→faster→fastest long→longer→longest
以不发音的字母e结尾的加-r, -st
large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest
brave→braver→bravest ate→later→latest
wide→wider→widest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,先变y为i,再加
-er, -est
happy→happier→happiest easy→easier→easiest
angry→angrier→angriest ugly→uglier→ugliest
early→earlier→earliest busy→busier→busiest
heavy→heavier→heaviest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,先双写这一辅音字母,再加-er, -est
big→bigger→biggest fat→fatter→fattest
thin→thinner→thinnest wet→wetter→wettest
hot→hotter→hottest red→redder→reddest
fit→fitter→fittest glad→gladder→gladdest
sad→sadder→saddest
部分双音节和多音节词,在其前加more, most
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
careful→more careful→most careful
(2)不规则变化
good/well→better→best many/much→more→most
bad/badly→worse→worst far→farther/further→farthest/furthest
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest little→less→least
巧学妙记 比较级要变化,一般词尾加-er;词尾若有字母e,直接加-r就可以;一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写;辅音字母若加y,要把y变成i;最高级加-est,前面加the莫忘记;形、副若是多音节,只把more和most前面写。
形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法
肯定
as+形容词/副词原级+as
Art is as interesting as music. 美术和音乐一样有趣。
否定
not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as
Tom doesn’t run as/so fast as Jack. 汤姆跑得没有杰克快。
不同
程度
(用于
两者
比较)
①表示两者(人或事物)的比较:A…+比较级+than+B
②哪一个/谁更……?:Which/Who is+比较级,A or B?
③两者中较……的:A…+the+比较级+of the two…
④比其他都……(表最高级):比较级+than any other+单数名词
①Tina thinks she works harder than me.
蒂娜认为她比我更努力。
②Tom is less careful than John. 汤姆不如约翰细心。
③Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth?
月亮和地球哪个离太阳更近一些?
④He is the thinner of the two students.
在两个学生当中,他更瘦一些。
⑤Sam is taller than any other student in his class.
= Sam is the tallest student in his class. 萨姆是他班里最高的学生。
比较级
程度
加深
①越来越……:比较级+and+比较级或more and more+多音节形容词或副词
②越……,就越……:the+比较级,the+比较级
①Chinese is becoming more and more international. 汉语正变得越来越国际化。
②The more you read, the faster you’ll be. 你读得越多,你就(读得)越快。
最高级
用于
三者
或三
者以
上(人
或事
物)的
比较
①the+最高级+of/in/ among…
②one of the+最高级+复数名词(+in/of…)
③Which/Who is+the+最高级,A, B or C?
④the+序数词+最高级
①This picture is the best of all the pictures. 这幅画是所有画里最好的。
②It tells one of the most popular stories in China. 它讲的是中国最受欢迎的故事之一。
③Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特和比尔谁最高?
④The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。
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