专题04 阅读理解之七选五（陕西专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编

专题04 阅读理解之七选五 （一） （23-24高二下陕西榆林期末） Social media platforms are filled with individuals proudly sharing their rapid mastering of a language. 1 The secret lies in our addiction to instant satisfaction promised by some language apps. However, besides these apps, here are some ways to help you learn a new language: ◆Be a child, watch cartoons 2 They can be found on YOUKU. These cartoons are often made up of basic phrases and words that one would learn at beginner’s level. ◆ 3 If watching cartoons is not your cup of tea, fear not, for there is the alternative of listening to podcasts (播客) and songs. Not only can you pick up phrases and idioms, but you can also develop your appreciation for the culture. ◆Let the words flow Talking to wait staff at native restaurants can help with your language skills. 4 Tell them about your day. As you grow more confident, work up to a native speaker. ◆A foreign stamp A commonly overlooked method is to keep a pen pal. Through the exchange of letters, you not only get to practise your writing skills but can also get a friend. 5 No matter which approach you choose, it’s important to revisit the language you are learning every day, even if it’s just for 15 minutes. A．Turn the volume up. B．Where do they often practice oral English? C．Never stress them in pronunciation. D．To avoid the risk of making mistakes in public you can start by speaking to your pets. E．Over all, continuous practice is key to unlocking the door of mastery. F．One of the most common advice for language learners is to watch children’s cartoons. G．Where does the secret lie? （二） （23-24高二下陕西咸阳期末） Use Body Language to Build Trust Body language can help people see you as more trustworthy, resulting in stronger relationships at home, work and school. 6 Keep eye contact when someone is talking. It will help build trust because it shows real interest. 7 Building stronger human ties makes it easier to trust people and know more about them. Uncross your arms and legs. You might only be crossing your arms and legs because you’re cold. However, that will close you off. You’re unknowingly communicating something negative because you’ve positioned your body in a way that blocks any basis for building trust. Make sure your body looks open. 8 Don’t sit behind a desk. 9 According to Professor Carla Chamberlin-Quinlisk, sitting at a table with her students encourages them to be more vocal during class. So try the smart way to get your boss to trust you. 10 Sometimes notes are necessary when you’re talking to a coworker, but make sure all that doesn’t get in the way of your eye contact. If you’re constantly writing down what the other person says, that person could start feeling self-conscious. What’s more, taking notes makes the other person feel uncomfortable. And they may question like “Why are they writing that down?” A．Thus, you’ll look more open to hearing others’ thoughts. B．Sitting behind a desk could make the person you’re talking to put his or her own walls up. C．So put your phone down and listen with your eyes. D．Nod and smile while someone is talking. E．Limit your own note taking. F．Although some gestures vary across cultures, there’re certain basic body language gestures. G．Unfortunately, most people have no training on how to read body language. （三） （23-24高二下陕西汉中期末） How to Improve Your Social Life? Being social can help you build meaningful connections, come out of your shell, and feel less isolated. If you want to know how to be social, see the following steps to be on your way. Be fully engaged. If you want to seem interesting to others, you will have to show interest in them. When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying. 11 Avoid constantly checking your phone or looking around while you are in the middle of a conversation. These types of things come across as rude. Watch your gestures. How you position your body sends a message to other people. If you want to be approached by others, you should avoid standing in the corner, crossing your arms, staring at your phone, and frowning. Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating. 12 Embrace opportunities to meet new people. This means you will have to get out of your comfort zone to interact with others. 13 Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet. You never know when a stranger can turn into your new best friend, business partner, or love interest! 14 If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life. 15 If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them. Keep in touch with friends, even if you don’t live in the same town. Pick up the phone and call them, send them a text, or e-mail them asking how they’ve been. A．Initiate interactions. B．Fit in with the occasion. C．Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings. D．You’ll be more likely to stir up positive interactions. E．Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile. F．Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved. G．Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions. （四） （23-24高二下陕西安康期末） In daily life, when you learn to live joyfully, you may create better outcomes in life. 16 . Instead, it means cultivating (建立) a mindset that prefers an optimistic view of the world. Also it means developing healthy ways to cope with difficult emotions. Here are some reasons why joy is a powerful life choice. 17 . You have probably heard the phrase “misery (痛苦) loves company”. Well, the same goes for joy. When you surround yourself with positive people, you experience more happiness in your own life. A study found that happiness spreads in social groups. Joyful people are more productive. 18 . Research found that people who work with a positive mindset may improve work performance on nearly every level including productivity, creativity, and commitment. When you approach each task and your co-workers with a joyful mindset, you may just increase your chances of success. Joy strengthens relationships. If you want to improve the relationships in your life, become a happier person. When you have a positive outlook, you tend to approach the people from a place of gratitude and love. This helps others feel more valued. 19 . Joy boosts creativity. Some artists feel that misery may inspire art, yet this is not the recipe for creativity. If you really want to spark your creative side, you should spark joy! 20 . And people are most creative when they are in a good mood. This is because they tend to see the bigger picture, which, in turn, inspires greater creativity and imagination. A．Joy creates more joy B．Joy results from misery C．Happy people are open to all sorts of ideas D．You can also appreciate the strengths in those people E．Living a joyful life does not mean denying painful emotions F．Making joy a priority can pay off when it comes to your career G．Developing happiness through daily habits can rebuild relationships （五） （23-24高二下陕西西安期末） Hiking is a great way to maintain a health y lifestyle. But what are good ways to prepare physically in hiking? 21 It requires strength and endurance, particularly when it takes place in the mountains, so it’s important that you put in the correct training beforehand! Here are some top tips on how to prepare for hiking. 22 Make sure you create a training schedule before your hiking challenge. This will help you to stay on track and monitor your progress in the lead up to your big adventure! The sooner you begin preparing for a hiking challenge, the better prepared you will be. Start hiking. What better way to prepare for your hiking adventure than by directly getting out and hiking? Lace up those walking boots and go on a couple of day hikes before taking on your challenge. Start with short easy walks. 23 Include the cardiovascular (心血管的) activities. To build up your endurance, make sure you get some cardio into your training plan! Whether it’s running, swimming or walking, it will help you prepare for a multi-day hike. 24 Sticking to it for some time will improve your overall fitness and make your hiking experience a lot more enjoyable! Do strength training. You can try building up your strength by doing resistance training regularly. 25 Exercises such as squats (深蹲) and push-ups are a fantastic way of preparing your muscles for a mountain hike. A．Take a big adventure. B．Start your training early. C．Hiking isn’t just a walk in your local park. D．Concentrate on your legs and core muscles. E．It’s important to use various indoor exercises as a warm-up. F．Raise your heart rate by doing this kind of exercise regularly. G．And then begin to increase the distance and intensity of walking. （六） （23-24高二下陕西延安志丹期末） Workplace recognition is a powerful way of making employees feel valued and enhancing their performance. 26 Make people feel valued Employees want to know that they are making a difference in what they do—big or small—and workplace recognition can make a considerable difference. 27 One of them focused on the impact of letters of appreciation. The letters roughly read: Your continued dedication and hard work make children and families in the region better off every day. Appreciation can greatly improve morale(士气). Improve employees’ retention (保留) 28 Not only does this boost their confidence, but it also helps improve your company’s retention rate and secure top talent. It is predicted that replacing a salaried worker costs 6-9 months of the position’s annual wages. Boost motivation and productivity A study found that employee engagement, productivity, and performance are 14% higher in organizations with a specific recognition programme in place. 29 It means that your team is more present in their day-to-day roles, they produce optimal work quality and feel personally connected to the company and the work they do for its growth. Ultimately, workplace recognition leads to happy, driven, and productive workers. Improve employees’ well-being It’s common for businesses of all sizes to experience stressful periods. 30 Especially when your team is small and the workload high, people can feel extensive burnout and stress, leading to time off work. Gratitude increases our positive emotions, like happiness, making us more resilient against future stress. A．How does this benefit the organizations? B．What exactly does this mean for businesses? C．Here are some tips on securing workplace recognition. D．When your workers are happy, they’re less likely to leave. E．The Harvard Business Review conducted a series of studies on workplace morale. F．But small companies and start-ups require more work and attention to develop. G．Here are the benefits of workplace recognition for both employers and employees. （七） （23-24高二下陕西渭南期末） Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference. 31 Recycle. Recycling is a simplest lifestyle to lower the amount of environmental waste. 32 Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may no: accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill. Buy locally sourced foods. 33 Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally - sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly. Cut back on driving. Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation. 34 Also, combine multiple trips into one to help minimize the distance traveled and fuel consumed. 35 Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role. A．Cut back your carbon footprint. B．Encourage others to help save the environment. C．By doing this, you help reduce traffic jams and the overall amount of gasoline consumption. D．Every resident can get involved by taking advantage of nearby recycling services. E．The topic of preserving natural resources entertains everyone. F．Eating fresh, local food consumes less fuel and packaging materials. G．Read on for some practical tips on how a single individual can help save the environment. （八） （23-24高二下陕西西安铁一中学期末） Friends are incredibly important people in our lives. Some are with us for decades. 36 Here are some tips to remember if you’re processing the loss of a friend. Sometimes things just don’t work out. 37 In fact, people, on average, lose about half of their friends every seven years. One of the most common reasons those relationships end is that they just fell through the cracks. Things didn’t work out. Nobody really wanted the friendship to end, but people got busy and didn’t intentionally maintain the friendship. Make the unsaid said. Sometimes, in friendship, people don’t make the unsaid said. 38 And because they’re never directly addressed, people get to a point where they want to end the friendship before actually addressing the problem. Actually, if they had intervened sooner, they might have been able to save the friendship. It’s normal to feel grief. When a friendship ends, there is a grieving process. Allow yourself to feel those emotions and be patient. Instead of pushing yourself to cheer up, try thinking like this, “Of course I’m upset. This is a natural part of intimacy (亲密关系) and loss. I lost someone I’m very close to. 39 40 It’s important not to blame yourself and be mean to yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. Just because this happened like this doesn’t mean more friendships will happen like this. Allow yourself to have a fresh perspective when you enter new friendships. You don’t want to go into a new connection fearfully. A．That means I love them deeply. B．Be kind to yourself along the way. C．Find ways to enter a new friendship. D．Small things can kind of accumulate. E．Losing friends is a regular part of life. F．But not all of them can stand the test of time. G．When a close friendship ends, the reasons are complicated. （九） （23-24高二下陕西西安高新第一中学期末） Thinking about adopting a healthy lifestyle? Congratulations! There are so many reasons for adopting a healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips to help you get started with your new habits. Before you begin, ask yourself some questions, what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle? 41 Your why should reflect your values and what’s important to you. Knowing your specific why will help you to not just get started, but will help keep you focused and motivated as it guides your journey. Focus on behaviors, not results. 42 But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial. It’s actually some daily health-promoting behaviors that will create change and can lead to the health outcomes you desire. 43 Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits, cooking skills, athletic abilities, and more won’t change overnight. This is also why you don’t need a long list telling you everything you need to stop doing. You just need to take the first step. Remember it’s not all or nothing. A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing. 44 So focus on eating foods and creating habits that make you feel good. Can you do it forever? One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is, “Can you do it for life?” Sure, you could probably stick to a diet for a short period, but can you see yourself doing that forever? 45 A．Start small and take steady steps. B．Why is doing this important for you? C．Make a list of habits you want to build. D．It’s okay to desire weight loss, or any other outcomes. E．In a word, fasting is harmful and no one would like to do so. F．If not, remember: temporary methods are equal to temporary results. G．It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body. （十） （23-24高二下陕西渭南大荔期末） Poems create vivid pictures and tell stories by using language creatively. Readers enjoy the challenge of trying to understand the poet’s intention in writing a poem. A poem is a window into the poet’s ideas and feelings about issues happening during the time when it was written. Readers can look at the poem’s form and literary devices to see what the poet saw. 46 First, follow your ears. If the true meaning is beyond your grasp, pay attention to the sound of it. 47 Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem. Who is talking? Who is being talked to? 48 This combination is often complex or even contradictory. As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem. Third, if you find it hard to interpret the meaning of a poem at the moment, just have some patience. 49 Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. 50 You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty. Reading poetry will surely be enjoyable and let you perceive another level of meaning. A．Sometimes, several images are combined. B．There are four tips on how to read a poem. C．You can set it aside and come back to it later. D．At last, you have to write a poem for your friends. E．It is unnecessary to give an example of a poem to support this tip. F．For example, read the poem aloud to detect the rhythm or rhymes. G．Finally, you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. （十一） （23-24高二下陕西汉中期末） How to Improve Vocabulary Fast Your vocabulary refers to the words in a language you are familiar with. We should learn some ways to expand it. Read every day. 51 Choose reading material that is slightly above your level and keep a dictionary with you to look up words you do not know. 52 If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one. Learn the correct definition and pronunciation for each new word. Pronunciation is as important as definition because in order to add a word to your active vocabulary, you must be able to use it in speech. Elaborate (阐释) on the meaning of the word. Use imagery and personal relevance. If you have just learned the word “stubborn”, think about the neighbor who will not lend you his car. 53 Use your new word in speech and in writing. E-mail your sister about how your cat is stubborn about sleeping on your pillow. 54 But the more you use it, the more fluent you will become in its use. Soon it will be a regular part of your active vocabulary. Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is. 55 The more you explain the meaning of a word to someone, the more likely you are to remember it. A．Find a new word every day. B．The vocabulary can be increased. C．Your vocabulary contains the words you understand. D．The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow. E．Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used. F．The first time you use a new word in speech, it may seem clumsy and forced. G．Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as “stubborn in his refusal”. （十二） （23-24高二下陕西宝鸡渭滨区期末） How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways. 56 . If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can’t always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion. Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer? Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. 57 but often they are not something you’re really passionate about. It’s kind of like just doing something because it’s there-- not very inspired. However, there’s another way that is perhaps better: 58 . For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. 59 and if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day. There are endless ways to do that. The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. 60 . A．These are all great choices B．Think about what you like to do C．You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there D．Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose E．Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better F．The sooner you complete the training requirements, the sooner you will make a living G．If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people （十三） （23-24高二下陕西西安中学期末） Sharks have lived in the world’s oceans for millions of years. A shark has a very good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. These powerful senses help sharks find their food. 61 Sharks grow slowly. About forty percent of all sharks lay eggs. 62 Some sharks carry their young inside their bodies as humans do. Some sharks are not able to reproduce until they are twenty years old. Most reproduce only every two years. And they give birth to fewer than ten young sharks. For this reason, over-fishing of sharks is of special danger to the future of the animal. 63 They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too great. This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans. People hunt sharks for sport, food, medicine and their skin. Experts say the international market for some kinds of sharks has increased because many parts of a shark are valuable. 64 Shark liver oil is a popular source of vitamin(维他命).The skin of a shark can be used like leather. In Asia, people enjoy a kind of soup made from shark fins. Experts say a fisherman can earn a lot of money for even one kilogram of shark fins. Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth. 65 If too many sharks in one area are killed, the group of sharks may never return to normal population levels. A．The others give birth to their young. B．Sharks are important for the world’s oceans. C．This is a threat to other forms of life in the ocean. D．Collectors pay thousands of dollars for the Jaws of a shark. E．Sharks are valuable to us and we can make full use of them. F．But some sharks are in danger of disappearing from Earth. G．Sharks cat fish, other sharks, and plants that live in the ocean. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解之七选五 （一） （23-24高二下陕西榆林期末） Social media platforms are filled with individuals proudly sharing their rapid mastering of a language. 1 The secret lies in our addiction to instant satisfaction promised by some language apps. However, besides these apps, here are some ways to help you learn a new language: ◆Be a child, watch cartoons 2 They can be found on YOUKU. These cartoons are often made up of basic phrases and words that one would learn at beginner’s level. ◆ 3 If watching cartoons is not your cup of tea, fear not, for there is the alternative of listening to podcasts (播客) and songs. Not only can you pick up phrases and idioms, but you can also develop your appreciation for the culture. ◆Let the words flow Talking to wait staff at native restaurants can help with your language skills. 4 Tell them about your day. As you grow more confident, work up to a native speaker. ◆A foreign stamp A commonly overlooked method is to keep a pen pal. Through the exchange of letters, you not only get to practise your writing skills but can also get a friend. 5 No matter which approach you choose, it’s important to revisit the language you are learning every day, even if it’s just for 15 minutes. A．Turn the volume up. B．Where do they often practice oral English? C．Never stress them in pronunciation. D．To avoid the risk of making mistakes in public you can start by speaking to your pets. E．Over all, continuous practice is key to unlocking the door of mastery. F．One of the most common advice for language learners is to watch children’s cartoons. G．Where does the secret lie? 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一些方法可以帮助你学习一门新语言。 1．根据下文“The secret lies in our addiction to instant satisfaction promised by some language apps.”（秘密在于我们沉迷于一些语言应用程序所承诺的即时满足感。）可知，选项回答了上文“秘密是什么”。所以G选项“秘密是什么？”切题。故选G项。 2．根据下文“They can be found on YOUKU. These cartoons are often made up of basic phrases and words that one would learn at beginner’s level.”（可以在优酷上找到。这些漫画通常是由基本的短语和单词组成的，一个人会在初学者的水平上学习。）可知，选项承接下文说明看动画片有益于语言的学习。故F项“对于语言学习者来说，最常见的建议之一就是看儿童动画片。”切题。故选F项。 3．根据下文“If watching cartoons is not your cup of tea, fear not, for there is the alternative of listening to podcasts （播客）and songs.”（如果你不喜欢看动画片，别担心，你还可以选择听播客和歌曲。）可知，本段主要告诉学习者可以用“听”的方法来学习语言。故A选项“把音量调大一点”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。 4．根据上文“Talking to wait staff at native restaurants can help with your language skills.”（在当地餐馆和服务员交谈有助于提高你的语言技能。）以及下文“Tell them about your day.”（告诉他们你的一天）可知，选项承上启下说明可以采取的措施来提高说的能力。pets呼应them。故D选项“为了避免在公共场合犯错，你可以从和你的宠物说话开始。”切题。故选D项。 5．根据下文“No matter which approach you choose, it’s important to revisit the language you are learning every day, even if it’s just for 15 minutes.”（无论你选择哪种方法，每天重新学习你正在学习的语言是很重要的，即使只有15分钟。）可知，选项总结上文承接下文说明的重要的要练习。故E选项“总而言之，持续的练习是打开精通之门的关键。”切题。故选E项。 （二） （23-24高二下陕西咸阳期末） Use Body Language to Build Trust Body language can help people see you as more trustworthy, resulting in stronger relationships at home, work and school. 6 Keep eye contact when someone is talking. It will help build trust because it shows real interest. 7 Building stronger human ties makes it easier to trust people and know more about them. Uncross your arms and legs. You might only be crossing your arms and legs because you’re cold. However, that will close you off. You’re unknowingly communicating something negative because you’ve positioned your body in a way that blocks any basis for building trust. Make sure your body looks open. 8 Don’t sit behind a desk. 9 According to Professor Carla Chamberlin-Quinlisk, sitting at a table with her students encourages them to be more vocal during class. So try the smart way to get your boss to trust you. 10 Sometimes notes are necessary when you’re talking to a coworker, but make sure all that doesn’t get in the way of your eye contact. If you’re constantly writing down what the other person says, that person could start feeling self-conscious. What’s more, taking notes makes the other person feel uncomfortable. And they may question like “Why are they writing that down?” A．Thus, you’ll look more open to hearing others’ thoughts. B．Sitting behind a desk could make the person you’re talking to put his or her own walls up. C．So put your phone down and listen with your eyes. D．Nod and smile while someone is talking. E．Limit your own note taking. F．Although some gestures vary across cultures, there’re certain basic body language gestures. G．Unfortunately, most people have no training on how to read body language. 【答案】6．F 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了用肢体语言建立信任的一些方法。 6．上文“Body language can help people see you as more trustworthy, resulting in stronger relationships at home, work and school.(肢体语言可以帮助人们认为你更值得信赖，从而在家庭、工作和学校建立更牢固的关系)”说明肢体语言很有益处，F项中basic body language gestures 是关键词，F项“尽管有些手势因文化而异，但也有一些基本的肢体语言手势。”承接上文，进一步说明尽管手势会因文化有差异，但仍有基本的肢体语言。故选F。 7．上文“Keep eye contact when someone is talking. It will help build trust because it shows real interest.(当有人说话时，保持眼神交流。这将有助于建立信任，因为它显示了真正的兴趣)”说明眼神交流很重要，要与说话人保持眼神交流，C项中eyes是关键词，C项“所以放下手机，用眼睛倾听”与上文构成因果关系，符合题意。故选C。 8．上文“Make sure your body looks open.(确保你的身体看起来是敞开的)”说明要保持良好的身体状态，确保身体看起来是敞开的，A项中open是关键词，A项“因此，你会更愿意倾听别人的想法” 承接上文，符合题意。故选A。 9．上文“Don’t sit behind a desk.(不要坐在桌子后面)”说明本段介绍的方法是不坐在桌子后面，B项“坐在桌子后面可能会让你说话的人竖起自己的墙。”说明坐在桌子后面的消极影响，解释上文提出方法的原因，符合题意。故选B。 10．下文“Sometimes notes are necessary when you’re talking to a coworker, but make sure all that doesn’t get in the way of your eye contact.(有时候，当你和同事交谈时，笔记是必要的，但要确保所有这些都不会妨碍你的眼神交流)”说明笔记有时是必要的，但是需要确保做笔记不会妨碍眼神交流，所以要限制自己做笔记，E项“限制自己做笔记”引出下文内容，适合作为段落主题句。故选E。 （三） （23-24高二下陕西汉中期末） How to Improve Your Social Life? Being social can help you build meaningful connections, come out of your shell, and feel less isolated. If you want to know how to be social, see the following steps to be on your way. Be fully engaged. If you want to seem interesting to others, you will have to show interest in them. When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying. 11 Avoid constantly checking your phone or looking around while you are in the middle of a conversation. These types of things come across as rude. Watch your gestures. How you position your body sends a message to other people. If you want to be approached by others, you should avoid standing in the corner, crossing your arms, staring at your phone, and frowning. Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating. 12 Embrace opportunities to meet new people. This means you will have to get out of your comfort zone to interact with others. 13 Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet. You never know when a stranger can turn into your new best friend, business partner, or love interest! 14 If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life. 15 If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them. Keep in touch with friends, even if you don’t live in the same town. Pick up the phone and call them, send them a text, or e-mail them asking how they’ve been. A．Initiate interactions. B．Fit in with the occasion. C．Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings. D．You’ll be more likely to stir up positive interactions. E．Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile. F．Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved. G．Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions. 【答案】11．G 12．E 13．C 14．A 15．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是四个提高社交能力的方法。 11．根据本段的主题句“Be fully engaged.(全身心投入。)”可知，本段建议社交是要全身心投入，根据空前的“When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying.(当你和别人说话时，倾听他们在说什么，而不是担心你应该说什么。)”可知，在别人说话时应该倾听别人在说什么，由此可推测，此空讲述的应与倾听的时候怎么做相关，G选项“Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions.(眼神交流，点头，并问他们后续问题。)”讲述的是在别人说话时如何做，承接了空前的内容，且与本段的主题“全身心投入”的要求吻合。故选G项。 12．根据空前的“Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating.(与他人进行眼神交流会让他们觉得你友好、开放、不吓人。)”可知，此处介绍了社交活动时恰当使用眼神交流，E选项“Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile.(另外，每个人微笑的时候看起来都更有吸引力。)”讲述的是微笑时人们看起来更有吸引力，与空前的“Making eye contact”呼应，且对上文内容的补充，符合语境。故选E项。 13．根据本段的主题句“Embrace opportunities to meet new people.(欣然接受结识新朋友的机会。)”可知，本段建议抓住结识新朋友的机会，C选项“Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings.(接受派对和社交聚会的邀请。)”中的“parties and social gatherings”都是结识新朋友的场合，符合本段主题，且与空后的“Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet.(去新的地方旅行，和你遇到的人随便聊聊。)”内容呼应，均有助于认识新朋友。故选C项。 14．分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据空后的“If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life.(如果你总是等着别人给你打电话或邀请你，那你就是在浪费你的生命。)”以及下文中的“If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them.(如果你想向人们表明你重视他们的友谊，你就必须主动接触他们。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是主动去联系别人，而不是等着别人来接触你，A选项“Initiate interactions.(主动发起互动)”为祈使句，讲述的内容与本段内容一致，且概括了本段的主题。故选A项。 15．根据空前的“If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life.(如果你总是等着别人给你打电话或邀请你，那你就是在浪费你的生命。)”可知，等着别人主动联系你，那是在浪费生命，F选项“Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved.(关系建立在双方共同努力的基础上。)”讲述的内容是对空前内容做出的解释，而且空后“If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them.(如果你想向人们表明你重视他们的友谊，你就必须主动接触他们。)”讲述的内容是对F选项讲述的内容提出了具体的做法，符合语境。故选F项。 （四） （23-24高二下陕西安康期末） In daily life, when you learn to live joyfully, you may create better outcomes in life. 16 . Instead, it means cultivating (建立) a mindset that prefers an optimistic view of the world. Also it means developing healthy ways to cope with difficult emotions. Here are some reasons why joy is a powerful life choice. 17 . You have probably heard the phrase “misery (痛苦) loves company”. Well, the same goes for joy. When you surround yourself with positive people, you experience more happiness in your own life. A study found that happiness spreads in social groups. Joyful people are more productive. 18 . Research found that people who work with a positive mindset may improve work performance on nearly every level including productivity, creativity, and commitment. When you approach each task and your co-workers with a joyful mindset, you may just increase your chances of success. Joy strengthens relationships. If you want to improve the relationships in your life, become a happier person. When you have a positive outlook, you tend to approach the people from a place of gratitude and love. This helps others feel more valued. 19 . Joy boosts creativity. Some artists feel that misery may inspire art, yet this is not the recipe for creativity. If you really want to spark your creative side, you should spark joy! 20 . And people are most creative when they are in a good mood. This is because they tend to see the bigger picture, which, in turn, inspires greater creativity and imagination. A．Joy creates more joy B．Joy results from misery C．Happy people are open to all sorts of ideas D．You can also appreciate the strengths in those people E．Living a joyful life does not mean denying painful emotions F．Making joy a priority can pay off when it comes to your career G．Developing happiness through daily habits can rebuild relationships 【答案】16．E 17．A 18．F 19．D 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么快乐是一个有力量的生活选择的原因。 16．根据前文“In daily life, when you learn to live joyfully, you may create better outcomes in life.(在日常生活中，当你学会快乐地生活时，你可能会创造更好的生活结果。)”和后文“Instead, it means cultivating (建立) a mindset that prefers an optimistic view of the world. Also it means developing healthy ways to cope with difficult emotions.(相反，它意味着培养一种倾向于乐观看待世界的心态。这也意味着发展健康的方式来应对困难的情绪。)”可知，此处是指快乐生活并不意味着不能有消极情绪，而是用积极健康的心态来应对困难情绪，所以选项E“过快乐的生活并不意味着否认痛苦的情绪”切合文意。故选E。 17．根据后文“When you surround yourself with positive people, you experience more happiness in your own life. A study found that happiness spreads in social groups.(当你和积极的人在一起时，你会在自己的生活中体验到更多的幸福。一项研究发现，幸福在社会群体中传播。)”可知，此处是指快乐会传播，所以选项A“快乐创造更多快乐”切合文意。故选A。 18．根据后文“Research found that people who work with a positive mindset may improve work performance on nearly every level including productivity, creativity, and commitment.(研究发现，以积极心态工作的人几乎可以在各个层面上提高工作表现，包括生产力、创造力和承诺。)”可知，此处是指保持积极心态有助于工作，所以选项F“当涉及到你的职业生涯时，把快乐放在首位会得到回报”切合文意。故选F。 19．根据前文“If you want to improve the relationships in your life, become a happier person. When you have a positive outlook, you tend to approach the people from a place of gratitude and love. This helps others feel more valued.(如果你想改善生活中的人际关系，那就做一个更快乐的人。当你有一个积极的态度，你倾向于从感激和爱的角度接近人们。这会让别人觉得自己更有价值。)”可知，此处是指积极的态度对人际关系的影响，会让你倾向于从感激和爱的角度接近人们，所以选项D“你也可以欣赏这些人的优点”进一步讲述其影响。故选D。 20．根据前文“If you really want to spark your creative side, you should spark joy!(如果你真的想激发你的创造力，你应该激发快乐！)”和后文“And people are most creative when they are in a good mood. This is because they tend to see the bigger picture, which, in turn, inspires greater creativity and imagination.(人们在心情好的时候最有创造力。这是因为他们倾向于看到更大的图景，这反过来又激发了更大的创造力和想象力。)”可知，此处是讲快乐对激发创造力的好处，所以选项C“快乐的人能接受各种各样的想法”切合文意。故选C。 （五） （23-24高二下陕西西安期末） Hiking is a great way to maintain a health y lifestyle. But what are good ways to prepare physically in hiking? 21 It requires strength and endurance, particularly when it takes place in the mountains, so it’s important that you put in the correct training beforehand! Here are some top tips on how to prepare for hiking. 22 Make sure you create a training schedule before your hiking challenge. This will help you to stay on track and monitor your progress in the lead up to your big adventure! The sooner you begin preparing for a hiking challenge, the better prepared you will be. Start hiking. What better way to prepare for your hiking adventure than by directly getting out and hiking? Lace up those walking boots and go on a couple of day hikes before taking on your challenge. Start with short easy walks. 23 Include the cardiovascular (心血管的) activities. To build up your endurance, make sure you get some cardio into your training plan! Whether it’s running, swimming or walking, it will help you prepare for a multi-day hike. 24 Sticking to it for some time will improve your overall fitness and make your hiking experience a lot more enjoyable! Do strength training. You can try building up your strength by doing resistance training regularly. 25 Exercises such as squats (深蹲) and push-ups are a fantastic way of preparing your muscles for a mountain hike. A．Take a big adventure. B．Start your training early. C．Hiking isn’t just a walk in your local park. D．Concentrate on your legs and core muscles. E．It’s important to use various indoor exercises as a warm-up. F．Raise your heart rate by doing this kind of exercise regularly. G．And then begin to increase the distance and intensity of walking. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．G 24．F 25．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了远足前的物理准备方法，包括提前制定训练计划、从短途逐渐增加徒步难度、进行有氧运动以提升耐力及力量训练强化腿部和核心肌肉，助于更好地享受远足。 21．根据上文“Hiking is a great way to maintain a healthy lifestyle. But what are good ways to prepare physically in hiking? (徒步旅行是保持健康生活方式的好方法。但是，在徒步旅行中，有哪些好的身体准备方法呢？)”和下文“It requires strength and endurance, particularly when it takes place in the mountains, so it’s important that you put in the correct training beforehand!(这需要力量和耐力，尤其是在山区，所以事先进行正确的训练很重要)”可知，接下来应该介绍徒步旅行的特点和准备的重要性。选项C“Hiking isn’t just a walk in your local park. (徒步旅行不仅仅是在你家附近的公园里散步。)”能承接上文，强调了徒步旅行的特点，即它不仅仅是一种简单的散步，而是需要更多的准备和体力。故选C。 22．根据下文“Make sure you create a training schedule before your hiking challenge. (确保在徒步挑战之前制定一个训练计划。)”可知，在徒步之前应该开始训练，并且要有计划地进行。选项B“Start your training early.(早点开始你的训练。)”能引起下文，强调了开始训练的重要性。故选B。 23．根据上文“Start hiking. What better way to prepare for your hiking adventure than by directly getting out and hiking? Lace up those walking boots and go on a couple of day hikes before taking on your challenge. Start with short easy walks. (开始徒步旅行。有什么比直接出门徒步旅行更好的方式来准备你的徒步旅行呢？在接受挑战之前，系好步行靴，进行几天的徒步旅行。从短暂轻松的散步开始。)”可知，这里提到了从短而简单的步行开始，接下来应该描述如何逐渐增加步行的距离和强度。选项G“And then begin to increase the distance and intensity of walking. (然后开始增加步行的距离和强度。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 24．根据上文“Include the cardiovascular (心血管的) activities. To build up your endurance, make sure you get some cardio into your training plan! Whether it’s running, swimming or walking, it will help you prepare for a multi-day hike. (包括心血管活动。为了增强你的耐力，确保你的训练计划中有一些有氧运动！无论是跑步、游泳还是步行，都会帮助你为多天徒步做好准备。)”可知，这里强调了有助于心血管活动的有氧运动对于增强耐力和准备徒步的重要性。选项F“Raise your heart rate by doing this kind of exercise regularly. (通过定期做这种运动来提高你的心率。)”能承接上文，并且进一步解释了有氧运动的作用。故选F。 25．根据上文“Do strength training. You can try building up your strength by doing resistance training regularly. (进行力量训练。你可以通过定期进行阻力训练来增强你的力量。)”和下文“Exercises such as squats (深蹲) and push-ups are a fantastic way of preparing your muscles for a mountain hike.(深蹲和俯卧撑等运动是为登山准备肌肉的绝佳方式。)”可知，这里提到了通过阻力训练来增强力量，锻炼肌肉。选项D“Concentrate on your legs and core muscles. (专注于你的腿部和核心肌肉。)”能承接上文，并且进一步解释了应该集中锻炼哪些部位的肌肉，以更好地为徒步做准备。故选D。 （六） （23-24高二下陕西延安志丹期末） Workplace recognition is a powerful way of making employees feel valued and enhancing their performance. 26 Make people feel valued Employees want to know that they are making a difference in what they do—big or small—and workplace recognition can make a considerable difference. 27 One of them focused on the impact of letters of appreciation. The letters roughly read: Your continued dedication and hard work make children and families in the region better off every day. Appreciation can greatly improve morale(士气). Improve employees’ retention (保留) 28 Not only does this boost their confidence, but it also helps improve your company’s retention rate and secure top talent. It is predicted that replacing a salaried worker costs 6-9 months of the position’s annual wages. Boost motivation and productivity A study found that employee engagement, productivity, and performance are 14% higher in organizations with a specific recognition programme in place. 29 It means that your team is more present in their day-to-day roles, they produce optimal work quality and feel personally connected to the company and the work they do for its growth. Ultimately, workplace recognition leads to happy, driven, and productive workers. Improve employees’ well-being It’s common for businesses of all sizes to experience stressful periods. 30 Especially when your team is small and the workload high, people can feel extensive burnout and stress, leading to time off work. Gratitude increases our positive emotions, like happiness, making us more resilient against future stress. A．How does this benefit the organizations? B．What exactly does this mean for businesses? C．Here are some tips on securing workplace recognition. D．When your workers are happy, they’re less likely to leave. E．The Harvard Business Review conducted a series of studies on workplace morale. F．But small companies and start-ups require more work and attention to develop. G．Here are the benefits of workplace recognition for both employers and employees. 【答案】26．G 27．E 28．D 29．B 30．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了职场认可的对雇主和员工的一些好处。 26．下文小标题“Make people feel valued (让人们感到被重视)”、“Improve employees’ retention (保留) (提高员工的忠诚度)”、“Boost motivation and productivity (提高动力和生产力)”以及“Improve employees’ well-being (提高员工的幸福感)”说明本文阐述了职场认可对于雇主和员工的好处，因此G项“以下是工作场所认可对雇主和雇员的好处。”概括本文主旨，故选G。 27．下文“Appreciation can greatly improve morale (士气). (感谢能极大地提高士气。)”说明的是对感谢信的影响的研究，因此E项“《哈佛商业评论》对职场士气进行了一系列研究。”符合语境，故选E。 28．小标题“Improve employees’ retention (保留) (提高员工的忠诚度)”说明本段主要内容是职场认可会提高员工保留率，因此D项“当你的员工感到高兴时，他们就不太可能离开。”符合语境，故选D。 29．下文“It means that your team is more present in their day-to-day roles, they produce optimal work quality and feel personally connected to the company and the work they do for its growth. (这意味着你的团队更多地参与到他们的日常角色中，他们产生了最佳的工作质量，并感觉到与公司以及他们为公司发展所做的工作有着个人联系。)”说明这句话是回答上文提出的问题：这意味着什么？因此B项“这对企业究竟意味着什么？”符合语境，故选B。 30．上文“It’s common for businesses of all sizes to experience stressful periods. (各种规模的企业都会经历压力时期，这是很常见的。)”以及下文“Especially when your team is small and the workload high, people can feel extensive burnout and stress. (特别是当你的团队规模小、工作量大时，人们可能会感到广泛的倦怠和压力。)”说明压力很常见，但是小公司更让人产生疲倦和压力，小公司员工更需要幸福感。因此F项“但小公司和初创企业的发展需要更多的工作和关注。”连接前后两句，故选F。 （七） （23-24高二下陕西渭南期末） Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference. 31 Recycle. Recycling is a simplest lifestyle to lower the amount of environmental waste. 32 Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may no: accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill. Buy locally sourced foods. 33 Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally - sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly. Cut back on driving. Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation. 34 Also, combine multiple trips into one to help minimize the distance traveled and fuel consumed. 35 Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role. A．Cut back your carbon footprint. B．Encourage others to help save the environment. C．By doing this, you help reduce traffic jams and the overall amount of gasoline consumption. D．Every resident can get involved by taking advantage of nearby recycling services. E．The topic of preserving natural resources entertains everyone. F．Eating fresh, local food consumes less fuel and packaging materials. G．Read on for some practical tips on how a single individual can help save the environment. 【答案】31．G 32．D 33．F 34．C 35．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就个人如何帮助拯救环境提出了一些建议。 31．根据上文“Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference.(拯救环境似乎是一项艰巨的任务，但过一种环保的生活其实很容易。只要改变一些小的生活方式，你就能有所作为)”结合后文主要提出了一些环境保护的建议。故G选项“继续读下去，你会得到一些关于个人如何帮助拯救环境的实用建议。”符合语境，故选G。 32．根据后文“Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may no: accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill.(检查规则，确保你正确使用它们。例如，有些地方可能不接受玻璃，而另一些地方可能要求你把不同的材料分开。如果你处理不当的东西，整个负载可能会被拒绝，并最终在垃圾填埋场)”可知，后文主要介绍了如何利用附近的回收服务。故D选项“每个居民都可以利用附近的回收服务”符合语境，故选D。 33．根据标题“Buy locally sourced foods.(购买当地的食物)”以及后文“Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally - sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly. (通过卡车、铁路、飞机或船只运输产品会造成污染，违背环保的生活方式。相反，在当地的农贸市场和杂货店购买当地采购的产品。或者，使用社区支持的服务定期获取新鲜农产品)”可知，本段的主旨是吃当地的食物，F选项中local对应标题locally。故F选项“吃新鲜的当地食物消耗更少的燃料和包装材料”符合语境，故选F。 34．根据上文“Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation.(采用替代的交通方式消耗较少的汽油。尽可能步行或骑自行车。如果没有办法，可以考虑拼车或使用公共交通工具)”可知，本句承接上文，说明选择拼车或公共交通的作用。故C选项“通过这样做，你可以帮助减少交通堵塞和汽油消耗总量”符合语境，故选C。 35．根据本段内容“Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role.(倡导让更多的人产生积极的影响。通过在社交媒体和与周围人的对话中分享你所做的一些生活方式的改变来传播环境保护的信息，呼吁每个人都发挥作用)”可知，本段的主旨是鼓励他人加入到保护环境活动中。故B选项“鼓励他人帮助拯救环境”符合语境，故选B。 （八） （23-24高二下陕西西安铁一中学期末） Friends are incredibly important people in our lives. Some are with us for decades. 36 Here are some tips to remember if you’re processing the loss of a friend. Sometimes things just don’t work out. 37 In fact, people, on average, lose about half of their friends every seven years. One of the most common reasons those relationships end is that they just fell through the cracks. Things didn’t work out. Nobody really wanted the friendship to end, but people got busy and didn’t intentionally maintain the friendship. Make the unsaid said. Sometimes, in friendship, people don’t make the unsaid said. 38 And because they’re never directly addressed, people get to a point where they want to end the friendship before actually addressing the problem. Actually, if they had intervened sooner, they might have been able to save the friendship. It’s normal to feel grief. When a friendship ends, there is a grieving process. Allow yourself to feel those emotions and be patient. Instead of pushing yourself to cheer up, try thinking like this, “Of course I’m upset. This is a natural part of intimacy (亲密关系) and loss. I lost someone I’m very close to. 39 40 It’s important not to blame yourself and be mean to yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. Just because this happened like this doesn’t mean more friendships will happen like this. Allow yourself to have a fresh perspective when you enter new friendships. You don’t want to go into a new connection fearfully. A．That means I love them deeply. B．Be kind to yourself along the way. C．Find ways to enter a new friendship. D．Small things can kind of accumulate. E．Losing friends is a regular part of life. F．But not all of them can stand the test of time. G．When a close friendship ends, the reasons are complicated. 【答案】36．F 37．E 38．D 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们走出失去朋友的痛苦。 36．根据空前“Some are with us for decades. (有些已经存在了几十年。)”可知，空前讲述的是有的朋友已经在我们身边多年。选项F“But not all of them can stand the test of time.(但并不是所有的都能经受住时间的考验。)”延续上文内容，指的是有的朋友会陪伴我们很久，有些朋友却不能经受时间的考验。故选F。 37．根据空后内容“In fact, people, on average, lose about half of their friends every seven years.(事实上，人们平均每七年就会失去一半的朋友。)”可知，人们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。选项E“Losing friends is a regular part of life.(失去朋友是生活中很正常的一部分。)”与下文内容保持一致，指的是失去朋友很正常，人们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。故选E。 38．根据空后内容“And because they’re never directly addressed, people get to a point where they want to end the friendship before actually addressing the problem.(因为这些问题从来没有被直接解决过，所以人们会在真正解决问题之前就想结束友谊。)”可知，下文讲述的是因为这些问题没有解决，所以人们想要结束友谊。选项D“Small things can kind of accumulate.(小事情会累积起来。)”中的“small things”正是下文提到的“they”，内容上也与下文保持一致。指的是小事慢慢堆积成为问题，问题不被解决使人们想要结束友谊。故选D。 39．根据空前内容“I lost someone I’m very close to.(我失去了一个很亲近的人。)”可知，失去朋友就是失去了一个很亲近的人。选项A“That means I love them deeply.(那意味着我深深地爱着他们。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的所谓的亲近的人也是我们所深爱的人，失去他们，我们自然感到悲伤。故选A。 40．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“It’s important not to blame yourself and be mean to yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. Just because this happened like this doesn’t mean more friendships will happen like this. Allow yourself to have a fresh perspective when you enter new friendships. You don’t want to go into a new connection fearfully.(重要的是不要因为没有从失去友谊中走出来而责怪自己，也不要对自己刻薄。仅仅因为这样的事情发生了并不意味着会有更多这样的友谊发生。当你开始一段新的友谊时，让自己有一个新的视角。你不想害怕地进入一段新的关系。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是不要苛责自己。选项B“Be kind to yourself along the way.(一路走来，要善待自己。)”与本段内容相符，指的是善待自己。故选B。 （九） （23-24高二下陕西西安高新第一中学期末） Thinking about adopting a healthy lifestyle? Congratulations! There are so many reasons for adopting a healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips to help you get started with your new habits. Before you begin, ask yourself some questions, what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle? 41 Your why should reflect your values and what’s important to you. Knowing your specific why will help you to not just get started, but will help keep you focused and motivated as it guides your journey. Focus on behaviors, not results. 42 But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial. It’s actually some daily health-promoting behaviors that will create change and can lead to the health outcomes you desire. 43 Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits, cooking skills, athletic abilities, and more won’t change overnight. This is also why you don’t need a long list telling you everything you need to stop doing. You just need to take the first step. Remember it’s not all or nothing. A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing. 44 So focus on eating foods and creating habits that make you feel good. Can you do it forever? One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is, “Can you do it for life?” Sure, you could probably stick to a diet for a short period, but can you see yourself doing that forever? 45 A．Start small and take steady steps. B．Why is doing this important for you? C．Make a list of habits you want to build. D．It’s okay to desire weight loss, or any other outcomes. E．In a word, fasting is harmful and no one would like to do so. F．If not, remember: temporary methods are equal to temporary results. G．It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body. 【答案】41．B 42．D 43．A 44．G 45．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了养成健康的生活方式需要注意的一些事项。 41．根据前文“Before you begin, ask yourself some questions, what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle?(在你开始之前，问你自己一些问题，你考虑更健康的生活方式的原因是什么？)”可知，本段首句建议人们要问自己一些问题。因此B选项“Why is doing this important for you?(为什么做这件事对你很重要？)”可以和前句并列，都是相关方面的问题，符合语境。故选B。 42．根据本段段旨“Focus on behaviors, not results. (关注行为，而不是结果)”以及后文“But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial.(但是把你的注意力从结果转移到你正在养成的新习惯和你正在采取的行动上是更有益的)”可知，本段主题句建议人们要关注行为而不是结果，同时后文以but开头，故设空处与后文构成转折关系。D选项“It’s okay to desire weight loss, or any other outcomes.(渴望减肥或其他结果是可以的)”可知，此处强调渴望减肥或者其他结果是可以的，后文与本句构成转折关系，强调要把结果转移到正在养成的新习惯或者正在采取的行动上，则更有益，同时此处outcomes与段旨中results为同义词，该选项符合语境。故选D。 43．本句位于句首，是段落的主题句。根据后文的内容“ Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits, cooking skills, athletic abilities, and more won’t change overnight.(记住罗马不是一天建成的!你的饮食习惯、烹饪技巧、运动能力等等都不会在一夜之间改变)”可知，此处强调罗马不是一夜建成的，习惯是要慢慢改变。A选项“Start small and take steady steps.(从小处开始，循序渐进)”概括本段主要内容，符合段旨。故选A。 44．根据前文“A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing.(健康的生活方式从来都不是要么全做要么根本不做)”推知，空处应陈述真正的健康生活应该是怎样的。G选项“It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body.(这是关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系)”承接前文，指出健康的生活方式是什么——关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系。故选G。 45．根据前文“Can you do it forever? One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is, “Can you do it for life?” Sure, you could probably stick to a diet for a short period, but can you see yourself doing that forever?( 你能永远这样做吗？当你养成健康的习惯时，你要问自己的一个最重要的问题是：“你能坚持一辈子吗？”当然，你可能会在短时间内坚持节食，但你能看到自己永远这样做吗？)”可知，此处强调人们在养成健康的生活方式时要问问自己这样做是否能够坚持一辈子。F选项“If not, remember: temporary methods are equal to temporary results.(如果没有，请记住：临时方法产生临时结果。)”承接前文，指出如果不能坚持一辈子，那么临时的方法只能产生临时的结果，符合语境。故选F。 （十） （23-24高二下陕西渭南大荔期末） Poems create vivid pictures and tell stories by using language creatively. Readers enjoy the challenge of trying to understand the poet’s intention in writing a poem. A poem is a window into the poet’s ideas and feelings about issues happening during the time when it was written. Readers can look at the poem’s form and literary devices to see what the poet saw. 46 First, follow your ears. If the true meaning is beyond your grasp, pay attention to the sound of it. 47 Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem. Who is talking? Who is being talked to? 48 This combination is often complex or even contradictory. As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem. Third, if you find it hard to interpret the meaning of a poem at the moment, just have some patience. 49 Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. 50 You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty. Reading poetry will surely be enjoyable and let you perceive another level of meaning. A．Sometimes, several images are combined. B．There are four tips on how to read a poem. C．You can set it aside and come back to it later. D．At last, you have to write a poem for your friends. E．It is unnecessary to give an example of a poem to support this tip. F．For example, read the poem aloud to detect the rhythm or rhymes. G．Finally, you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. 【答案】46．B 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于阅读诗歌的四个小建议。 46．下文“First, follow your ears.(跟随你的耳朵)”及“Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.(第二，接近诗歌就好像你是对未知风景的一名开拓者)”和“Third, if you find it hard to interpret the meaning of a poem at the moment, just have some patience.(第三，如果你发现很难在此刻翻译一首诗的意思，要有耐心)”，说明以上三项是对于阅读诗歌的具体建议，选项B“有四个关于阅读诗歌的小建议”是对下文四条建议的概括，起到引起下文的作用。故选B项。 47．上文“If the true meaning is beyond your grasp, pay attention to the sound of it.(如果真实的含义超出了你的掌握范围，注意它的发音)”说明读诗歌的时候要关注发音，选项F“例如，大声朗读诗歌来找到韵律或押韵”是对关注发音内容的顺承。故选F项。 48．上文“Who is talking? Who is being talked to? (谁在说话？谁在被谈论？)”是对诗歌人物形象的想象，A项“有时候，几种形象要结合在一起”中的images指的是谈话人和被谈论人形象，是对上文内容的顺承。故选A项。 49．上文“Third, if you find it hard to interpret the meaning of a poem at the moment, just have some patience.(第三，如果你发现此刻很难翻译出这首诗的意思，要有耐心)”说明在遇到困难时不要急于翻译，C项“你可以把它放到一边稍后再回看它”中的it指的是上文中的a poem，是上文内容的承接。故选C项。 50．此处是第四条建议，下文“You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty. (为了发现它的内在之美你或许需要放弃逻辑思考)”，逻辑思考指的是对句意的理解，是对G项“最后，你并不需要为了欣赏诗歌而必须完全了解它的意思”的进一步解释说明，且“Finally”和上面的“First”，“Second”，“Third”是顺承关系。 故选G项。 （十一） （23-24高二下陕西汉中期末） How to Improve Vocabulary Fast Your vocabulary refers to the words in a language you are familiar with. We should learn some ways to expand it. Read every day. 51 Choose reading material that is slightly above your level and keep a dictionary with you to look up words you do not know. 52 If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one. Learn the correct definition and pronunciation for each new word. Pronunciation is as important as definition because in order to add a word to your active vocabulary, you must be able to use it in speech. Elaborate (阐释) on the meaning of the word. Use imagery and personal relevance. If you have just learned the word “stubborn”, think about the neighbor who will not lend you his car. 53 Use your new word in speech and in writing. E-mail your sister about how your cat is stubborn about sleeping on your pillow. 54 But the more you use it, the more fluent you will become in its use. Soon it will be a regular part of your active vocabulary. Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is. 55 The more you explain the meaning of a word to someone, the more likely you are to remember it. A．Find a new word every day. B．The vocabulary can be increased. C．Your vocabulary contains the words you understand. D．The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow. E．Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used. F．The first time you use a new word in speech, it may seem clumsy and forced. G．Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as “stubborn in his refusal”. 【答案】51．D 52．A 53．G 54．F 55．E 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了一些学习语言并且扩充词汇的有效方法。 【详解】1. 根据本段标题“Read every day”（每天都要阅读），可知本段主要说明每天阅读对于词汇增加的重要性。故D选项“你读得越多，你的词汇量增长得就越快。”，Read every day呼应The more often you read。故选D。 2. 根据文章结构来看，本段首句应该是本段的主旨句，且句子应该为动词原形开头。同时，根据后文“If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one.”（如果你在日常阅读中没有遇到不熟悉的单词，可以用字典来查找一个不熟悉的词），可知本段主要说明每天寻找一个新词。故选A。 3. 上文“If you have just learned the word ‘stubborn’, think about the neighbor who will not lend you his car. ”（如果你刚学了单词“stubborn”，那就想一想不会借给你车子的邻居吧。）可知，选项承接上文，说明应该如何想象。故G选项“想象一下他摇头，并想象他“拒绝时很固执的样子”。故选G。 4. 后文“But the more you use it, the more fluent you will become in its use. ”（但是你用的越多，你就会在使用时更流利。）说明经常使用的好处。所以本句与所选项为转折关系，故F项“The first time you use a new word in speech, it may seem clumsy and forced.”（第一次使用一个新词，看起来可能有些笨拙和牵强）。故选F。 5. 根据段落主旨句“Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. ”（告诉大家你正在试图扩大你的词汇量）及段落第一句“Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is.”（鼓励他们询问一下你最新学的词汇），可知此处作者建议别人来检查或者测验你的词汇量。故E选项“或者让他们问你用过的新词是什么意思。”切题。故选E。 （十二） （23-24高二下陕西宝鸡渭滨区期末） How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways. 56 . If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can’t always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion. Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer? Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. 57 but often they are not something you’re really passionate about. It’s kind of like just doing something because it’s there-- not very inspired. However, there’s another way that is perhaps better: 58 . For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. 59 and if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day. There are endless ways to do that. The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. 60 . A．These are all great choices B．Think about what you like to do C．You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there D．Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose E．Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better F．The sooner you complete the training requirements, the sooner you will make a living G．If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people 【答案】56．B 57．A 58．E 59．D 60．G 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何选择对你富有意义的职业。 56．上文“When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.（当你考虑择业时，你通常会用以下两种方式来选择。）”说明接下来将会分别介绍两种选择职业的方法。下文“If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things（如果你喜欢写作或做工艺品，你可以考虑这些事情）”说明可以把自己喜欢做的事当成职业。B项“Think about what you like to do（想想你喜欢做什么）”能够概括本段的内容。故选B项。 57．上文“Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer? Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker.（也许是医生、工程师或律师？又或许这超出了你的教育能力范围，所以你选择了办公室职员或零售员。）”介绍了一些可能的职业选择。下文“but often they are not something you’re really passionate about.（但它们往往不是你真正感兴趣的事情。）”表示转折，说明空处讲的是对这样这些职业的总结和概括。A项“These are all great choices（这些都是很好的选择）” 承接上文且与下文为转折关系，符合语境。故选A项。 58．上文“However, there’s another way that is perhaps better（然而，还有另一种可能更好的方法）”说明接下来要讲另一种选择职业的办法。下文“For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease.（例如照顾孩子，因为你真的想帮助孩子获得一个良好的开端或者变成他们想成为的人；或者做政府或社会工作来改善你居住的社区的条件；或者成为一名科学家，帮助缓解环境危机，或者找到治愈一种可怕疾病的方法。）”列举了一些更有意义的职业选择。E项“Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better（试着做些事情来服务社区或者让世界变得更好）”承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。 59．下文“and if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.（如果你为了这个目的而选择其中一个，你就会在工作中每天都有使命感。）”说明有目标地选择职业的好处。D项“Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose（这其中的每一种都只是众多充满目的的可能性中的一种）”中的purpose和下文中that purpose相呼应，说明选择这些职业就会充满目的性，引出下文。故选D项。 60．上文“The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose.（重要的不是你如何为这个世界服务，而是只是以某种方式为这个世界服务会让你感到充满目标。）”。说明选择一些有意义的工作带给你目标感。G项“If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people（如果你选择了一份有目的且有趣的工作，你总是比大多数人走得更远）”进一步说明选择一份有目标的工作带给你的意义，承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。 （十三） （23-24高二下陕西西安中学期末） Sharks have lived in the world’s oceans for millions of years. A shark has a very good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. These powerful senses help sharks find their food. 61 Sharks grow slowly. About forty percent of all sharks lay eggs. 62 Some sharks carry their young inside their bodies as humans do. Some sharks are not able to reproduce until they are twenty years old. Most reproduce only every two years. And they give birth to fewer than ten young sharks. For this reason, over-fishing of sharks is of special danger to the future of the animal. 63 They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too great. This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans. People hunt sharks for sport, food, medicine and their skin. Experts say the international market for some kinds of sharks has increased because many parts of a shark are valuable. 64 Shark liver oil is a popular source of vitamin(维他命).The skin of a shark can be used like leather. In Asia, people enjoy a kind of soup made from shark fins. Experts say a fisherman can earn a lot of money for even one kilogram of shark fins. Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth. 65 If too many sharks in one area are killed, the group of sharks may never return to normal population levels. A．The others give birth to their young. B．Sharks are important for the world’s oceans. C．This is a threat to other forms of life in the ocean. D．Collectors pay thousands of dollars for the Jaws of a shark. E．Sharks are valuable to us and we can make full use of them. F．But some sharks are in danger of disappearing from Earth. G．Sharks cat fish, other sharks, and plants that live in the ocean. 【答案】61．G 62．A 63．B 64．D 65．F 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了鲨鱼的有关信息，如鲨鱼的饮食，繁衍以及鲨鱼所处的现状。警告人们要注意保护鲨鱼，因为很多鲨鱼都处于灭绝的危险之中。 61．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据前一句“These powerful senses help them find their food.“讲述的是鲨鱼敏锐的感觉可以帮助他们寻找到食物。接下来的这句就应该介绍鲨鱼的食物具体是什么，G选项“鲨鱼以鱼、其他鲨鱼和海洋中的植物为食”，切题。故选G。 62．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据前句“About forty percent of the different kinds of sharks lay eggs.”说明讲述的是鲨鱼不同的繁衍方式。有的是产卵，有的是直接分娩出小鲨鱼，A选项“其他的则产下幼崽”切题，故选A。 63．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段最后一句“his protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.”可知鲨鱼可以保护海洋里其他的一项生物，说明本段讲述的是鲨鱼的重要性，B选项“鲨鱼对世界海洋很重要”，切题。故选B。 64．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下句“Shark liver oil is a popular source of Vitamin. The skin of a shark can be used like leather. ”可知,鲨鱼鱼肝油是一种常见的维生素来源。鲨鱼的皮可以像皮革一样使用。所以本段内容讲述的是鲨鱼的器官在市场上收到追捧，D选项“收藏者为鲨鱼嘴支付数千美元”，切题，故选D。 65．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下句“ too many sharks in one area are killed, the group of shark may never return to normal population levels.”可知,如果一个地区有太多的鲨鱼被杀死，鲨鱼的数量可能永远无法恢复到正常水平。所以现在很多鲨鱼都处于灭绝的危险之中，如果我们再不保护鲨鱼，也许有一天它们就会消失，F选项“但有些鲨鱼正面临从地球上消失的危险”切题，故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$