Unit 1 Across the globe词汇梳理与练习 2024-2025学年上海高中英语上教版选择性必修第三册

2025年上海上教版选修三Unit 1 Across the globe词汇梳理与练习 （学生版） 【核心词汇梳理】 1. ________ /ˈæksent/ n. 口音; 腔调 put an accent on________ foreign accent________ During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it hadn’t gone down well. <2024金山区一模C篇> ________________________________________________________。 2. ________ /əˈraɪz/ v. (arose, arisen)发生; 产生; 出现 The situation may not arise for hundreds of years to come, but this doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. <2024虹口区一模A篇> ________________________________________________________。 3. ________ /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ n. 冲突; 争执; 争论 ________________ 武装冲突 ________________ 与...冲突 Edy said young people also need to judge whether news organizations identify any possible conflicts of interest. <2024崇明区一模A篇> ________________________________________________________。 4. ________ /dɪˈmɑːnd/ n. 所需之物; (坚决的)要求 ________(adj.) 要求高的 ________________满足需求 ________ 受欢迎 Among these were a thirty per cent increase in demand for water, an increase in harmful insects such as flies and mosquitoes, and a fall in the amount of peas, potatoes, carrots and onions that were harvested. <2024长宁区一模概要写作> ______________________________________________________________。 5.________ /ɡrɑːsp/ n., v. 理解(力); 领会. 抓紧; 抓牢 ________________ 在某人掌握范围内 ________________ 抓住机会 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks of their favorite plant. <2024金山区一模六选四> _______________________________________________________________。 6. ________ /ɪmˈpresɪv/ n. (事物或人)令人赞叹的; 令人敬佩的 ________ (n.) 印象 ________ （vt.) 给（某人）留下印象 ________________ 看起来令人印象深刻 ________________________ 令人印象深刻的表现 The mythical Main Street is made to feel larger and more impressive, which gets visitors excited when they enter the park—we are the hero of Disneyland’s narrative. <2024浦东区一模C篇> ________________________________________________________。 7. ________ /ɪnˈveɪʒn/ n. 武装入侵; 侵略; 侵犯 ________ (adj.): 侵入的 ________ (n.): 侵略者 ________________ 侵犯隐私 ________________ 军事入侵 Until now, technology that readily identifies everyone based on his or her face has been forbidden because of its invasion of privacy. <2024长宁区一模C篇> ________________________________________________________。 8.________ /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/ adj. 偏远的; 孤立的; 孤独的 ________ (n.): 隔离 ________________ 孤立事件 ________ 感到孤立 The new study isolated about 75,000 grams of pure pollen from the same stone layer that contained the footprints. <2024嘉定区一模C篇> ________________________________________。 9. ________ /maɪˈnɒrəti/ n. 少数; 少数人; 少数派 ________ (adj.): 较小的 ________________: 少数民族 Ever since, the Academy has looked to increase its diversity by promising to double female and minority members in 2016. <2024青浦区一模概要写作> ________________________________________________________。 10. ________ /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v. 克服; 解决 ________________: 克服恐惧 When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous. <2024嘉定区一模概要写作> ________________________________________________。 11. ________ /ˈreləvənt/ adj. 紧密相关的; 切题的 ________ (n.): 关联 ________ (n.): 相关性 ________: 保持相关性 ________________: 相关信息 The relevant difference is not age but rather how we describe these events, the stories we tell ourselves about them. <2024黄浦区一模概要写作> ________________________________________________________。 12. ________ /rɪˈzɒlv/ v. 解决(问题或困难) ________ (n.): 决议 ________________________: 决心做某事 ________________: 解决问题 Remembering how angered he’d been by his own loss, he resolved to return the purse to its owner. <2024青浦区一模A篇> ________________________________________________。 13. ________ /rɪˈstɔː(r)/ v. 恢复(某种情况或感受) ________ (n.): 恢复 ________________: 恢复秩序 ________________: 恢复信心 Blood-letting was a common response to illness and was used until only 150 years ago in the mistaken belief that it would restore the body’s internal balance. _______________________________________________________________。 14. ________ /səbˈskraɪb/ v. 申请; 预订; 报名 ________ (n.): 订阅者 ________________: 赞同一个观点 ________________: 订阅杂志 Analysts at Goldman Sachs estimated that Apple may turn 10% of the 85 million monthly users of its free News app into paying subscribers, wining a cut of newspaper and TV subscriptions sold through its services. 高盛集团的分析师估计，苹果公司可能会将其免费新闻应用程序每月 8500 万用户中的 10% 转化为付费用户，从而从通过其服务销售的报纸和电视订阅中分一杯羹。 15.________/ˈvenjuː/ n. 活动场地 ________________: 会议场所 The visuals are extremely impressive, of course, as we have come to expect, this time featuring venues in Catalonia. <2023浦东区一模B篇> ________________________________________________________。 【单词检测】 2020上教版高中英语选择性必修三Unit1单词检测（一） 根据前面的英语，写出汉语意思。（答案在后面） 1. frozen___________________________ 2. restricted___________________________ 3. navigable___________________________ 4. rigid___________________________ 5. angle___________________________ 6. impressive___________________________ 7. photographer___________________________ 8. visible___________________________ 9. grab___________________________ 10. atmosphere___________________________ 11. subscribe___________________________ 12. vocabulary___________________________ 13. grasp___________________________ 14. coffin___________________________ 15. wilderness___________________________ 16. giant___________________________ 17. roof___________________________ 18. awesome___________________________ 19. eagle___________________________ 20. mail___________________________ 21. nephew___________________________ 22. invasion___________________________ 23. geometry___________________________ 24. budget___________________________ 25. rely___________________________ 26. biology___________________________ 27. deadline___________________________ 28. isolated___________________________ 29. horizon___________________________ 30. sew___________________________ 31. demand___________________________ 32. macaroni and cheese___________________________ 33. lyrics___________________________ 34. arise___________________________ 35. scale___________________________ 36. overcome___________________________ 37. airline___________________________ 38. tribe___________________________ 39. walrus-Ivory carving___________________________ 40. cave___________________________ 41. a handful of___________________________ 42. circus___________________________ 43. enormous___________________________ 44. resolve___________________________ 45. bowling___________________________ 46. greet___________________________ 47. niece___________________________ 48. restore___________________________ 49. accent___________________________ 50. venue___________________________ 51. relevant___________________________ 52. hunt___________________________ 53. fluency___________________________ 54. impose…on___________________________ 55. inevitably___________________________ 56. conflict___________________________ 57. curriculum___________________________ 58. trunk___________________________ 59. harsh___________________________ 60. resident___________________________ 61. remote___________________________ 62. shoreline___________________________ 63. minority___________________________ 64. hop___________________________ 65. sacred___________________________ 66. thunder___________________________ 2020上教版高中英语选择性必修三Unit1单词检测（二） 根据前面的汉语，写出对应的英语单词。（答案在后面） 1. adj. 巨大的; 庞大的___________________________ 2. n. 航空公司___________________________ 3. adj. 偏远的; 偏僻的___________________________ 4. n. 音阶___________________________ 5. n. 山洞; 洞穴___________________________ 6. n. 海(或湖)滨线; 海(或湖)岸线___________________________ 7. n. 雕___________________________ 8. n. 屋顶; 顶部___________________________ 9. n. 保龄球运动___________________________ 10. n. 冲突; 争执; 争论___________________________ 11. v. 打猎; 猎取; 猎杀; 搜寻___________________________ 12. phr. 一把___________________________ 13. adj. 看得见的; 可见的___________________________ 14. phr. 使某人接受自己的意见等___________________________ 15. v. 恢复(某种情况或感受)___________________________ 16. n. 侄女; 外甥女___________________________ 17. adj. 可航行的; 适于通航的___________________________ 18. v. 申请; 预订; 报名___________________________ 19. n. 武装入侵; 侵略; 侵犯___________________________ 20. n.(pl.)歌词___________________________ 21. n. 树干___________________________ 22. n. (事物或人)令人赞叹的; 令人敬佩的___________________________ 23. v. 依赖; 依靠___________________________ 24. n. 最后期限; 截止日期___________________________ 25. n. 马戏表演___________________________ 26. adj. (规则、 方法等)死板的, 僵硬的___________________________ 27. n. 几何(学)___________________________ 28. n. 雷; 雷声___________________________ 29. n. 生物学___________________________ 30. n. 侄子; 外甥___________________________ 31. n. 所需之物; (坚决的)要求. v. 强烈要求___________________________ 32. v.(arose,arisen)发生; 产生; 出现___________________________ 33. v. 解决(问题或困难)___________________________ 34. adj. 巨大的; 特大的; 伟大的___________________________ 35. n. 荒无人烟的地区; 荒野___________________________ 36. n. 口音; 腔调; 土音___________________________ 37. n. 熟练自如; 流畅___________________________ 38. adj. 神的; 神圣的___________________________ 39. n. 角度; 斜角___________________________ 40. n. 摄影师; 拍照者___________________________ 41. n. 气氛; 氛围; (围绕地球的)大气, 大气层, 大气圈___________________________ 42. n. (某人掌握或使用的)词汇; 词汇量___________________________ 43. n. 理解(力); 领会. v. 抓紧; 抓牢___________________________ 44. v. 突然快速去某处___________________________ 45. v. 引人注意; 吸引; 抓住; 攫取___________________________ 46. adj. (指能做的事)有限的, 受限制的___________________________ 47. adj. 恶劣的; 艰苦的___________________________ 48. n. 预算___________________________ 49. v. 缝; 做针线活___________________________ 50. n. 棺材; 棺椁; 棺木___________________________ 51. phr. 海象牙雕___________________________ 52. adj. 紧密相关的; 切题的___________________________ 53. adj. 很好的(或极好玩的等); 令人惊叹的; 使人惊惧的___________________________ 54. n. 邮件; 信件; 邮包. v. 邮寄___________________________ 55. adv. 不可避免地; 必然地___________________________ 56. n. (学校等的)全部课程___________________________ 57. n. 活动场地___________________________ 58. n. 部落___________________________ 59. n. 地平线___________________________ 60. n. 居民; 住户___________________________ 61. n. 少数; 少数人; 少数派___________________________ 62. adj. 冰封的; 封冻的; 结冰的___________________________ 63. v. 和(某人)打招呼(或问好); 欢迎; 迎接___________________________ 64. adj. 偏远的; 孤立的; 孤独的___________________________ 65. phr. 奶酪通心粉___________________________ 66. v. 克服; 解决___________________________ 【随堂练习】 选必3 Unit 1 随堂练习（一） (上教版) Vocabulary I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form using the same definition in brackets and the initial letters. 1. Only a small m_________ of students are interested in politics these days. (the smaller part of a group) 2. An e_________ sum of money is invested each year into the convenience store market. (extremely large) 3. R_________ organisation structures will make the project a challenge, thus getting executive support may help a lot. (very strict and difficult to change) 4. It took him some to time to g_________ that he was now a public figure and he should be aware of what to say and what to do. (a person’s understanding of a subject or of difficult facts) II.Fill in each blank with a proper form of a phrase if necessary in the box to make the sentences complete. feel a responsibility, drop out of, a handful of,stretch from, be imposed on 1. For many, life’s longest mile is to _____________________ dependence to independence. 2. The skate-board caught on for a few months, but then _____________________ fashion. 3. When the outside smaller temperature or stress _____________________ fiber, the SOP in fiber (光纤的偏振) will be changed. 4. When you squeeze _____________________ snow, the flakes cohere to make a snowball. 5. Mr. Li said he _____________________ to teach his students to be diligent, brave and devoted in his history class. III. Translate the following sentences according to the Chinese. 1. 我们已经把所有相关信息告知了当地警方。(relevant) ______________________________________________________ 2. 她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。(conflict) ______________________________________________________ Grammar I. Choose the best answer. 1. A kind of newly-made shoes, if put into the market, _________ large orders because the heels can switch from 4 to 9 centimetres. A. meets B. will meet C. has met D. met 2. —Hi, Lily. Don’t forget to watch I’m a Singer at 20:10 this Friday! —What a pity! I _________ in a plane to Hainan for a meeting then. A. will sit B. will be sitting C. am sitting D. sit 3. —Hi, Mr. Smith. Which department do you work in? —I am in the Marketing Department now, but I _________ in the Sales Department before long. A. will work B.worked C. have worked D. will have worked 4. No matter how advanced modern equipment is, letters _________ in expressing people’s feelings. A. will never replace B. will never be replaced C. never replace D. have never been replaced II. Fill in the blank using the word in the parenthesis with the proper tense. 1. The places of interest in Xi’an attract my family often and I hope we _________ (enjoy) ourselves this time next year. 2. The train _________ (go) at present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight. 3. —I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow. —I’m sorry, by then my lecture will _________ (come) to an end and I _________ (meet) my guest in my office. 4. We were discussing plans in the conference room when Tom called to say that he _________ (be) late. 选必3 Unit 1 随堂练习（二） (上教版) Vocabulary I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form using the same definition in brackets and the initial letters. 1. Some patients may become very i_________ and depressed. (without much contact with other people or other countries) 2. He talked about personal responsibility, and used himself as an example of someone who o_________ difficulties to inspire the students. (to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem that has been preventing you from achieving something) 3. The farmhouse is r_________ from any other buildings. (far away from places where other people live) 4. The Antarctic is the world’s last great w_________. (a large area of land that has never been developed or used for growing crops because it is difficult to live there) II．Fill in each blank with a proper form of a phrase if necessary in the box to make the sentences complete. demand for, go beyond, respect for, mountain ranges, expert at 1. It is unclear whether the social public affairs __________________ the national boundaries and become global affairs. 2. The government supported the unions in their __________________ a minimum wage. 3. The listeners were showing their __________________ by chewing on the speaker’s words. 4. Erosion wears mountains down, but active __________________ are also continuously rising. 5. Everyone in the serious crime squad is a(n) __________________ criminal investigation. III. Translate the following sentences according to the Chinese. 1. 这个提议很有可能在小区居民中得到热烈响应。（greet） ____________________________________________________________ 2. 双方会晤以努力解决分歧。(resolve) ____________________________________________________________ Grammar I. Choose the best answer. 1. The radio broadcast said that it _________ tomorrow. A. was not going to snow B. was not snowing C. would not snow D. was not to snow 2. I _________ Mr. Ked the next day, but the appointment has been cancelled. A. had seen B. saw C. was going to see D. will see 3. I thought he _________ that evening party, but to my surprise, he came. A. wouldn’t attend B. hadn’t attended C. didn’t attend D. won’t attend II. Fill in the blank using the word in the parenthesis with the proper tense. 1. —What’s the matter, Lao Li?—I forgot to lock the office door, I _________ (go) and get it locked. 2. —Could you tell what the future _________ (have) in store for us? —Of course not, sir. No one knows for sure what _________ (happen) in the future. 3. She said that she _________ (fly) to London, so I just had a few words with her. 4. We _________ (complete) the task by the time you arrive at the airport tomorrow. 【阅读提高】 十一选十 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. wonder B. regular C. doubt D. physically E. breathing F. wealth G. functioning H. flexibility I. flow J. generally K. mood Sometimes it’s the simplest daily practice that can have the biggest impact on your health, and yoga is proof of that. Although most forms of yoga aren’t considered to be as intense as other workout regimens, practising yoga on a daily basis has been scientifically demonstrated to help you mentally and ___11___. Through breath work, meditation and holding poses that increase strength and ___12___the body and mind gain benefits from yoga that positively impact your long-term health. It’s no ___13___people have been practising yoga for over 5000 years, and that the number of Australians practising yoga doubled between 2008 and 2017 to over two million, according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Yoga teacher, Jenni Tarmar, shares, “we have a ___14___of research demonstrating that a regular mindfulness practice - the act of paying attention to the sensation in the body, thoughts and emotions without judgment - can reduce stress and help us to feel calmer, more productive, and ____15____more even-keeled in our daily lives.” After evaluating yoga history and research, one 2014 review published in Frontiers in Human Neouroscience concluded that ___16___yoga practice can help facilitate self-regulation. Another study of adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 found that practising yoga positively benefited emotional regulation and self-esteem. “Movement releases beneficial neurotransmitters (神经转发器) in the brain, which helps us feel good as well as assist in ___17___regulation,” says yoga instructor, Evan Lawrence. “One of the things that I like about yoga specifically is that there is, at the same time, a focus on physical movement and ___18___.” According to associate professor of psychiatry, Dr Gail Saltz, “practising yoga improves overall blood ___19___to the body, including the brain, which is helpful for cognition and memory.” One 2019 review published in Brain Plasticity concluded that behavioural interventions like yoga can help “mitigate age-related and neurodegenerative decline” due to the positive effects a daily practice has on different parts of the ___20___brain, like the hippocampus (which plays a major role in learning and memory) and the prefrontal cortex (cognitive control functions). 完形填空 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Critical thinkers start by asking questions about whatever is in front of them. They consider ___21___. If this, then what? If that, then how is the outcome different? They understand that every action has a ___22___, and they think about all possible outcomes of decisions before they make them. Asking questions helps this process. Once you have asked every question you can come up with about a matter, ___23___ information that will help you answer those questions.___24___! Do some research. You can learn almost anything on the Internet, but it’s not the only place to do your research. ___25___ people. I’m a big fan of polling (民意调查).Ask the experts around you. Gather ___26___ and various opinions you can use to make your own determination. The wider the variety, the better. You’ve got ___27___ information, and now it’s time to analyze it all with an open mind. This is the most ___28___ part, in my opinion. It can be pretty difficult to recognize the filters that were instilled (灌输) in us from our first families. We are products of our environments, of the ways in which we were treated as a child, of the role models we've had throughout our lives, of the opportunities we have said yes or no to, of the sum of all of our experiences. Try to be as aware as possible of those ___29___ and biases (偏见), and turn them off. Question everything during this step. Are you being ___30___? Are you speculating? Assuming anything? This is the time to look at every thought as ___31___ as possible. Do you know it to be absolutely true? What are the facts? Have you considered the situation from every different point of view? Critical thinkers are more interested in solutions than in placing ___32___ complaining, or gossiping. Once you’ve reached a conclusion through critical thinking, it’s time to communicate and ___33___ a solution if one is called for. This is the time for compassion (同情), empathy (同理心), diplomacy. Not everyone involved will have thought the situation through as ___34___ as you have. It’s your job to understand that, and to ___35___ solutions in a way that everyone can understand. 21. A. cause and effect B. ups and downs C. gains and losses D. back and forth 22. A. frequency B. consequence C. reason D. border 23. A. analyze B. stress C. prioritize D. seek 24. A. Assume B. Advocate C. Investigate D. Initiate 25. A. Interact B. Interview C. Accuse D. Spare 26. A. proof B. evidence C. argument D. information 27. A. a pile of B. a piece of C. a flock of D. a command of 28. A. demanding B. imposing C. challenging D. appealing 29. A. bubbles B. filters C. prejudice D. hatred 30. A. objective B. respective C. informative D. confident 31. A. perfectly B. curiously C. subconsciously D. purely 32. A. emphasis B. value C. importance D. blame 33. A. pursue B. suspect C. implement D. confirm 34. A. carefully B. critically C. cautiously D. crucially 35. A. present B. represent C. review D. comprehend 阅读理解 There’s something fascinating about discovering a local pub and enjoying a hometown alcoholic drink. Also, you may explore these cities for an entirely new drinking experience. Tokyo for Underground Sake (清酒) There’s no better city in the world for sake than Tokyo, Japan. The Japanese have a strong tradition of making sake, a drink made from rice. The drink has a rich cultural background that makes drinking sake a celebration with every sip. You can even have a drink inside the railway station which opens at 7 a. m. when you wait for the train. Sometimes the amazing flavor is presented unexpectedly. London for Drinks “Shaken and Not Stirred” Though British icon James Bond's fascination with gin martinis seemed to have pushed gin (杜松子酒) into the global view, London has a long history of gin drinking and many gin lovers throughout the country. The old-time menus in many bars make local people emotional, reminding them of the simpler old days only London can claim. St. Petersburg for a Lux Vodka (伏特加) Selection St. Petersburg enjoys a wide variety of bars meant for that original Russian vodka experience including the famous bar ryumochnaya. The bar was originally meant to defy the misbehavior of labeling people. It was a place for everyone to just enjoy a drink. A billionaire could be sitting happily next to a worker. Today in spite of many other bars with higher-end atmosphere than the ryumochnaya, the old bar still remains the best vodka bar of the city with the most varied customers. New Orleans for the First Cocktail (鸡尾酒) New Orleans is home to what many believe is America’s first cocktail the Sazerac. In 1838 Antoine Peychaud used two kinds of alcoholic drinks to create the delicious cocktail and kicked off a drink revolution. Today, bars like Compère Lapin stay true to the New Orleans spirit of cocktail, and also offer other exciting options like beer and red wine. 39. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The best sake bar of Japan is positioned in the underground. B. James Bond started the habit of gin drinking in London. C. Ryumochnaya tops St. Petersburg vodka bars for its most luxurious atmosphere. D. Besides cocktail, Compère Lapin serves other kinds of alcoholic drinks. 40. The underlined word defy is closest in meaning to ______. A. highlight B. imitate C. resist D. reward 41. The city with a number of bars to make people recall the city’s passed time is ______. A. Tokyo B. London C. St. Petersburg D. New Orleans. 六选四 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Luwak Coffee Indonesia Luwak coffee is one of the most expensive coffees in the world, because it has extraordinary value and its availability is very rare. Indonesian Luwak coffee, or civet(麝香猫) coffee, sells well and is very popular with coffee lovers because it is considered to have a smooth and friendly taste in the stomach. ___42___ Many are disgusted with the basic ingredients that come from animal feces(粪便). Because of this, these drinks also get bad nicknames in various countries. Even so, the Indonesian Luwak coffee industry seems uninterrupted and still sells well at high prices. ___43___ These three factors are a long production process, the amount of harvest that is not as large as ordinary coffee beans, and the taste of coffee that is not thick. Initially, this drink was discovered by local people who are curious about the taste of coffee. They find seeds that are still complete in the feces of a cat - like animal, so they process seeds from the dirt, bake, then make a drink. The enjoyment of this drink is heard by the Dutch government. They then collect and sell Indonesian civet coffee at very high prices. The process begins when coffee plants enter the harvest period. Fruit that is ready for harvest will begin to turn reddish. ___44___ The fruit eaten will be digested by this animal, strangely the digestion of this animal cannot destroy the layer of coffee. The dirt or feces from the civets will later be collected to be cleaned. After cleaning, the next process is roasting. The roasting process is only up to the medium roast level. The reason is to maintain a unique sense of character. The roasted seeds are then packaged in whole beans or powder for sale. ___45___ A. In fact, coffee beans in each region have different taste character. B. Luwak has the habit and ability to choose the best quality coffee fruit, so this animal will eat fruit with good seeds. C. Not everyone can appreciate this drink. D. Some breeding areas even open a civet coffee cafe so that visitors can enjoy the most expensive coffee immediately after baking. E. There are three main factors that make Indonesian Luwak coffee more expensive than coffee in general. F. What is the actual production process of civet coffee? 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年上海上教版选修三Unit 1 Across the globe词汇梳理与练习 （教师版） 【核心词汇梳理】 1. accent /ˈæksent/ n.口音; 腔调 put an accent on 强调 foreign accent外国口音 During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it hadn’t gone down well. 在第一次试镜时，他们在说唱时使用了苏格兰口音，但效果并不好。 2. arise /əˈraɪz/ v. (arose, arisen)发生; 产生; 出现 The situation may not arise for hundreds of years to come, but this doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. <2024虹口区一模A篇> 这种情况可能在未来几百年内都不会出现，但这并不意味着我们不用担心。 3. conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ n. 冲突; 争执; 争论 armed conflict 武装冲突 in conflict with 与...冲突 Edy said young people also need to judge whether news organizations identify any possible conflicts of interest. <2024崇明区一模A篇> Edy 说，年轻人还需要判断新闻机构是否识别出任何可能的利益冲突。 4. demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ n. 所需之物; (坚决的)要求 demanding (adj.) 要求高的 meet/satisfy demand 满足需求 in demand 受欢迎 Among these were a thirty per cent increase in demand for water, an increase in harmful insects such as flies and mosquitoes, and a fall in the amount of peas, potatoes, carrots and onions that were harvested. 其中包括对水的需求增加了 30%，苍蝇和蚊子等有害昆虫增多，豌豆、土豆、胡萝卜和洋葱的收获量下降。 5. grasp /ɡrɑːsp/ n., v. 理解(力); 领会. 抓紧; 抓牢 within one's grasp 在某人掌握范围内 grasp the opportunity 抓住机会 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks of their favorite plant. <2024金山区一模六选四> 它们的下颌和牙齿进化到可以帮助它们压碎竹子，它们的腕骨变得可以抓住它们最喜欢的植物的茎秆。 6. impressive /ɪmˈpresɪv/ n. (事物或人)令人赞叹的; 令人敬佩的 impression (n.) 印象 impress （vt.) 给（某人）留下印象 look impressive 看起来令人印象深刻 an impressive performance 令人印象深刻的表现 The mythical Main Street is made to feel larger and more impressive, which gets visitors excited when they enter the park—we are the hero of Disneyland’s narrative. <2024浦东区一模C篇> 神话中的主街变得更大、更令人印象深刻，这让游客在进入公园时兴奋不已--我们就是迪斯尼乐园的主人公。 7. invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒn/ n. 武装入侵; 侵略; 侵犯 invasive (adj.): 侵入的 invader (n.): 侵略者 invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私 a military invasion 军事入侵 Until now, technology that readily identifies everyone based on his or her face has been forbidden because of its invasion of privacy. <2024长宁区一模C篇> 迄今为止，根据每个人的脸部特征就能轻易识别其身份的技术因其侵犯隐私而被禁止使用。 8. isolated /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/ adj. 偏远的; 孤立的; 孤独的 isolation (n.): 隔离 isolated incident 孤立事件 feel isolated 感到孤立 The new study isolated about 75,000 grams of pure pollen from the same stone layer that contained the footprints. <2024嘉定区一模C篇> 新研究从包含脚印的同一石层中分离出约 7.5 万克纯花粉。 9. minority /maɪˈnɒrəti/ n. 少数; 少数人; 少数派 minor (adj.): 较小的 ethnic minority: 少数民族 Ever since, the Academy has looked to increase its diversity by promising to double female and minority members in 2016. 从那时起，学院就一直致力于增加其多样性，承诺在 2016 年将女性和少数民族成员的人数增加一倍。 10. overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v. 克服; 解决 overcome fear: 克服恐惧 When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous. <2024嘉定区一模概要写作> 当我们善待他人时，我们就会克服受到攻击的感觉，开始不再紧张。 11. relevant /ˈreləvənt/ adj. 紧密相关的; 切题的 relevancy (n.): 关联 relevance (n.): 相关性 remain relevant: 保持相关性 relevant information: 相关信息 The relevant difference is not age but rather how we describe these events, the stories we tell ourselves about them. <2024黄浦区一模概要写作> 相关的差异不在于年龄，而在于我们如何描述这些事件，我们如何向自己讲述关于这些事件的故事。 12. resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/ v. 解决(问题或困难) resolution (n.): 决议 resolve to do something: 决心做某事 resolve a problem: 解决问题 Remembering how angered he’d been by his own loss, he resolved to return the purse to its owner. <2024青浦区一模A篇> 他想起自己失去钱包时的愤怒，决心把钱包还给失主。 13. restore /rɪˈstɔː(r)/ v. 恢复(某种情况或感受) restoration (n.): 恢复 restore order: 恢复秩序 restore confidence: 恢复信心 Blood-letting was a common response to illness and was used until only 150 years ago in the mistaken belief that it would restore the body’s internal balance. <2021黄浦区一模A篇> 放血是一种常见的应对疾病的方法，直到 150 年前还在使用，因为人们误以为放血可以恢复身体内部的平衡。 14. subscribe /səbˈskraɪb/ v. 申请; 预订; 报名 subscriber (n.): 订阅者 subscribe to an idea: 赞同一个观点 subscribe to a magazine: 订阅杂志 Analysts at Goldman Sachs estimated that Apple may turn 10% of the 85 million monthly users of its free News app into paying subscribers, wining a cut of newspaper and TV subscriptions sold through its services. <2021奉贤区一模A篇> 高盛集团的分析师估计，苹果公司可能会将其免费新闻应用程序每月 8500 万用户中的 10% 转化为付费用户，从而从通过其服务销售的报纸和电视订阅中分一杯羹。 15. venue /ˈvenjuː/ n. 活动场地 venue for meetings: 会议场所 The visuals are extremely impressive, of course, as we have come to expect, this time featuring venues in Catalonia. <2023浦东区一模B篇> 当然，正如我们所期待的那样，这一次的视觉效果也非常令人印象深刻，其特色在于加泰罗尼亚的场馆。 【单词检测】 2020上教版高中英语选择性必修三Unit1单词检测（一） 根据前面的英语，写出汉语意思。（答案在后面） 1. frozen___________________________ 2. restricted___________________________ 3. navigable___________________________ 4. rigid___________________________ 5. angle___________________________ 6. impressive___________________________ 7. photographer___________________________ 8. visible___________________________ 9. grab___________________________ 10. atmosphere___________________________ 11. subscribe___________________________ 12. vocabulary___________________________ 13. grasp___________________________ 14. coffin___________________________ 15. wilderness___________________________ 16. giant___________________________ 17. roof___________________________ 18. awesome___________________________ 19. eagle___________________________ 20. mail___________________________ 21. nephew___________________________ 22. invasion___________________________ 23. geometry___________________________ 24. budget___________________________ 25. rely___________________________ 26. biology___________________________ 27. deadline___________________________ 28. isolated___________________________ 29. horizon___________________________ 30. sew___________________________ 31. demand___________________________ 32. macaroni and cheese___________________________ 33. lyrics___________________________ 34. arise___________________________ 35. scale___________________________ 36. overcome___________________________ 37. airline___________________________ 38. tribe___________________________ 39. walrus-Ivory carving___________________________ 40. cave___________________________ 41. a handful of___________________________ 42. circus___________________________ 43. enormous___________________________ 44. resolve___________________________ 45. bowling___________________________ 46. greet___________________________ 47. niece___________________________ 48. restore___________________________ 49. accent___________________________ 50. venue___________________________ 51. relevant___________________________ 52. hunt___________________________ 53. fluency___________________________ 54. impose…on___________________________ 55. inevitably___________________________ 56. conflict___________________________ 57. curriculum___________________________ 58. trunk___________________________ 59. harsh___________________________ 60. resident___________________________ 61. remote___________________________ 62. shoreline___________________________ 63. minority___________________________ 64. hop___________________________ 65. sacred___________________________ 66. thunder___________________________ 答案部分： 1. adj. 冰封的; 封冻的; 结冰的 2. adj. (指能做的事)有限的, 受限制的 3. adj. 可航行的; 适于通航的 4. adj. (规则、 方法等)死板的, 僵硬的 5. n. 角度; 斜角 6. n. (事物或人)令人赞叹的; 令人敬佩的 7. n. 摄影师; 拍照者 8. adj. 看得见的; 可见的 9. v. 引人注意; 吸引; 抓住; 攫取 10. n. 气氛; 氛围; (围绕地球的)大气, 大气层, 大气圈 11. v. 申请; 预订; 报名 12. n. (某人掌握或使用的)词汇; 词汇量 13. n. 理解(力); 领会. v. 抓紧; 抓牢 14. n. 棺材; 棺椁; 棺木 15. n. 荒无人烟的地区; 荒野 16. adj. 巨大的; 特大的; 伟大的 17. n. 屋顶; 顶部 18. adj. 很好的(或极好玩的等); 令人惊叹的; 使人惊惧的 19. n. 雕 20. n. 邮件; 信件; 邮包. v. 邮寄 21. n. 侄子; 外甥 22. n. 武装入侵; 侵略; 侵犯 23. n. 几何(学) 24. n. 预算 25. v. 依赖; 依靠 26. n. 生物学 27. n. 最后期限; 截止日期 28. adj. 偏远的; 孤立的; 孤独的 29. n. 地平线 30. v. 缝; 做针线活 31. n. 所需之物; (坚决的)要求. v. 强烈要求 32. phr. 奶酪通心粉 33. n.(pl.)歌词 34. v.(arose,arisen)发生; 产生; 出现 35. n. 音阶 36. v. 克服; 解决 37. n. 航空公司 38. n. 部落 39. phr. 海象牙雕 40. n. 山洞; 洞穴 41. phr. 一把 42. n. 马戏表演 43. adj. 巨大的; 庞大的 44. v. 解决(问题或困难) 45. n. 保龄球运动 46. v. 和(某人)打招呼(或问好); 欢迎; 迎接 47. n. 侄女; 外甥女 48. v. 恢复(某种情况或感受) 49. n. 口音; 腔调; 土音 50. n. 活动场地 51. adj. 紧密相关的; 切题的 52. v. 打猎; 猎取; 猎杀; 搜寻 53. n. 熟练自如; 流畅 54. phr. 使某人接受自己的意见等 55. adv. 不可避免地; 必然地 56. n. 冲突; 争执; 争论 57. n. (学校等的)全部课程 58. n. 树干 59. adj. 恶劣的; 艰苦的 60. n. 居民; 住户 61. adj. 偏远的; 偏僻的 62. n. 海(或湖)滨线; 海(或湖)岸线 63. n. 少数; 少数人; 少数派 64. v. 突然快速去某处 65. adj. 神的; 神圣的 66. n. 雷; 雷声 2020上教版高中英语选择性必修三Unit1单词检测（二） 根据前面的汉语，写出对应的英语单词。（答案在后面） 1. adj. 巨大的; 庞大的___________________________ 2. n. 航空公司___________________________ 3. adj. 偏远的; 偏僻的___________________________ 4. n. 音阶___________________________ 5. n. 山洞; 洞穴___________________________ 6. n. 海(或湖)滨线; 海(或湖)岸线___________________________ 7. n. 雕___________________________ 8. n. 屋顶; 顶部___________________________ 9. n. 保龄球运动___________________________ 10. n. 冲突; 争执; 争论___________________________ 11. v. 打猎; 猎取; 猎杀; 搜寻___________________________ 12. phr. 一把___________________________ 13. adj. 看得见的; 可见的___________________________ 14. phr. 使某人接受自己的意见等___________________________ 15. v. 恢复(某种情况或感受)___________________________ 16. n. 侄女; 外甥女___________________________ 17. adj. 可航行的; 适于通航的___________________________ 18. v. 申请; 预订; 报名___________________________ 19. n. 武装入侵; 侵略; 侵犯___________________________ 20. n.(pl.)歌词___________________________ 21. n. 树干___________________________ 22. n. (事物或人)令人赞叹的; 令人敬佩的___________________________ 23. v. 依赖; 依靠___________________________ 24. n. 最后期限; 截止日期___________________________ 25. n. 马戏表演___________________________ 26. adj. (规则、 方法等)死板的, 僵硬的___________________________ 27. n. 几何(学)___________________________ 28. n. 雷; 雷声___________________________ 29. n. 生物学___________________________ 30. n. 侄子; 外甥___________________________ 31. n. 所需之物; (坚决的)要求. v. 强烈要求___________________________ 32. v.(arose,arisen)发生; 产生; 出现___________________________ 33. v. 解决(问题或困难)___________________________ 34. adj. 巨大的; 特大的; 伟大的___________________________ 35. n. 荒无人烟的地区; 荒野___________________________ 36. n. 口音; 腔调; 土音___________________________ 37. n. 熟练自如; 流畅___________________________ 38. adj. 神的; 神圣的___________________________ 39. n. 角度; 斜角___________________________ 40. n. 摄影师; 拍照者___________________________ 41. n. 气氛; 氛围; (围绕地球的)大气, 大气层, 大气圈___________________________ 42. n. (某人掌握或使用的)词汇; 词汇量___________________________ 43. n. 理解(力); 领会. v. 抓紧; 抓牢___________________________ 44. v. 突然快速去某处___________________________ 45. v. 引人注意; 吸引; 抓住; 攫取___________________________ 46. adj. (指能做的事)有限的, 受限制的___________________________ 47. adj. 恶劣的; 艰苦的___________________________ 48. n. 预算___________________________ 49. v. 缝; 做针线活___________________________ 50. n. 棺材; 棺椁; 棺木___________________________ 51. phr. 海象牙雕___________________________ 52. adj. 紧密相关的; 切题的___________________________ 53. adj. 很好的(或极好玩的等); 令人惊叹的; 使人惊惧的___________________________ 54. n. 邮件; 信件; 邮包. v. 邮寄___________________________ 55. adv. 不可避免地; 必然地___________________________ 56. n. (学校等的)全部课程___________________________ 57. n. 活动场地___________________________ 58. n. 部落___________________________ 59. n. 地平线___________________________ 60. n. 居民; 住户___________________________ 61. n. 少数; 少数人; 少数派___________________________ 62. adj. 冰封的; 封冻的; 结冰的___________________________ 63. v. 和(某人)打招呼(或问好); 欢迎; 迎接___________________________ 64. adj. 偏远的; 孤立的; 孤独的___________________________ 65. phr. 奶酪通心粉___________________________ 66. v. 克服; 解决___________________________ 答案部分： 1. enormous 2. airline 3. remote 4. scale 5. cave 6. shoreline 7. eagle 8. roof 9. bowling 10. conflict 11. hunt 12. a handful of 13. visible 14. impose…on 15. restore 16. niece 17. navigable 18. subscribe 19. invasion 20. lyrics 21. trunk 22. impressive 23. rely 24. deadline 25. circus 26. rigid 27. geometry 28. thunder 29. biology 30. nephew 31. demand 32. arise 33. resolve 34. giant 35. wilderness 36. accent 37. fluency 38. sacred 39. angle 40. photographer 41. atmosphere 42. vocabulary 43. grasp 44. hop 45. grab 46. restricted 47. harsh 48. budget 49. sew 50. coffin 51. walrus-Ivory carving 52. relevant 53. awesome 54. mail 55. inevitably 56. curriculum 57. venue 58. tribe 59. horizon 60. resident 61. minority 62. frozen 63. greet 64. isolated 65. macaroni and cheese 66. overcome 【随堂练习】 选必3 Unit 1 随堂练习（一） (上教版) Vocabulary I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form using the same definition in brackets and the initial letters. 1. Only a small m_________ of students are interested in politics these days. (the smaller part of a group) 2. An e_________ sum of money is invested each year into the convenience store market. (extremely large) 3. R_________ organisation structures will make the project a challenge, thus getting executive support may help a lot. (very strict and difficult to change) 4. It took him some to time to g_________ that he was now a public figure and he should be aware of what to say and what to do. (a person’s understanding of a subject or of difficult facts) 【答案】1. minority 2. enormous 3. Rigid 4. grasp II.Fill in each blank with a proper form of a phrase if necessary in the box to make the sentences complete. feel a responsibility, drop out of, a handful of,stretch from, be imposed on 1. For many, life’s longest mile is to _____________________ dependence to independence. 2. The skate-board caught on for a few months, but then _____________________ fashion. 3. When the outside smaller temperature or stress _____________________ fiber, the SOP in fiber (光纤的偏振) will be changed. 4. When you squeeze _____________________ snow, the flakes cohere to make a snowball. 5. Mr. Li said he _____________________ to teach his students to be diligent, brave and devoted in his history class. 【答案】1. stretch from 2. dropped out of 3. is imposed on 4. a handful of 5. felt a responsibility III. Translate the following sentences according to the Chinese. 1. 我们已经把所有相关信息告知了当地警方。(relevant) ______________________________________________________ 2. 她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。(conflict) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】1. We have passed all relevant information on to the local police. 2. She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. Grammar I. Choose the best answer. 1. A kind of newly-made shoes, if put into the market, _________ large orders because the heels can switch from 4 to 9 centimetres. A. meets B. will meet C. has met D. met 2. —Hi, Lily. Don’t forget to watch I’m a Singer at 20:10 this Friday! —What a pity! I _________ in a plane to Hainan for a meeting then. A. will sit B. will be sitting C. am sitting D. sit 3. —Hi, Mr. Smith. Which department do you work in? —I am in the Marketing Department now, but I _________ in the Sales Department before long. A. will work B.worked C. have worked D. will have worked 4. No matter how advanced modern equipment is, letters _________ in expressing people’s feelings. A. will never replace B. will never be replaced C. never replace D. have never been replaced 【答案】1-4 BBAB II. Fill in the blank using the word in the parenthesis with the proper tense. 1. The places of interest in Xi’an attract my family often and I hope we _________ (enjoy) ourselves this time next year. 2. The train _________ (go) at present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight. 3. —I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow. —I’m sorry, by then my lecture will _________ (come) to an end and I _________ (meet) my guest in my office. 4. We were discussing plans in the conference room when Tom called to say that he _________ (be) late. 【答案】1. will be enjoying 2. will be going 3. will have come; will be meeting 4. would be 选必3 Unit 1 随堂练习（二） (上教版) Vocabulary I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form using the same definition in brackets and the initial letters. 1. Some patients may become very i_________ and depressed. (without much contact with other people or other countries) 2. He talked about personal responsibility, and used himself as an example of someone who o_________ difficulties to inspire the students. (to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem that has been preventing you from achieving something) 3. The farmhouse is r_________ from any other buildings. (far away from places where other people live) 4. The Antarctic is the world’s last great w_________. (a large area of land that has never been developed or used for growing crops because it is difficult to live there) 【答案】1. isolated 2. overcame 3. remote 4. wilderness II．Fill in each blank with a proper form of a phrase if necessary in the box to make the sentences complete. demand for, go beyond, respect for, mountain ranges, expert at 1. It is unclear whether the social public affairs __________________ the national boundaries and become global affairs. 2. The government supported the unions in their __________________ a minimum wage. 3. The listeners were showing their __________________ by chewing on the speaker’s words. 4. Erosion wears mountains down, but active __________________ are also continuously rising. 5. Everyone in the serious crime squad is a(n) __________________ criminal investigation. 【答案】1. have gone beyond 2. demand for 3. respect for 4. mountain ranges 5. expert at III. Translate the following sentences according to the Chinese. 1. 这个提议很有可能在小区居民中得到热烈响应。（greet） ____________________________________________________________ 2. 双方会晤以努力解决分歧。(resolve) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. It is very likely that the suggestion will be greeted enthusiastically among the residents in the neighbourhood. 2. Both sides met in order to try to resolve their differences. Grammar I. Choose the best answer. 1. The radio broadcast said that it _________ tomorrow. A. was not going to snow B. was not snowing C. would not snow D. was not to snow 2. I _________ Mr. Ked the next day, but the appointment has been cancelled. A. had seen B. saw C. was going to see D. will see 3. I thought he _________ that evening party, but to my surprise, he came. A. wouldn’t attend B. hadn’t attended C. didn’t attend D. won’t attend 【答案】1—3 ACA II. Fill in the blank using the word in the parenthesis with the proper tense. 1. —What’s the matter, Lao Li?—I forgot to lock the office door, I _________ (go) and get it locked. 2. —Could you tell what the future _________ (have) in store for us? —Of course not, sir. No one knows for sure what _________ (happen) in the future. 3. She said that she _________ (fly) to London, so I just had a few words with her. 4. We _________ (complete) the task by the time you arrive at the airport tomorrow. 【答案】1. will go 2. will have; will happen 3. was flying / would fly 4. will have completed 【阅读提高】 十一选十 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. wonder B. regular C. doubt D. physically E. breathing F. wealth G. functioning H. flexibility I. flow J. generally K. mood Sometimes it’s the simplest daily practice that can have the biggest impact on your health, and yoga is proof of that. Although most forms of yoga aren’t considered to be as intense as other workout regimens, practising yoga on a daily basis has been scientifically demonstrated to help you mentally and ___11___. Through breath work, meditation and holding poses that increase strength and ___12___the body and mind gain benefits from yoga that positively impact your long-term health. It’s no ___13___people have been practising yoga for over 5000 years, and that the number of Australians practising yoga doubled between 2008 and 2017 to over two million, according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Yoga teacher, Jenni Tarmar, shares, “we have a ___14___of research demonstrating that a regular mindfulness practice - the act of paying attention to the sensation in the body, thoughts and emotions without judgment - can reduce stress and help us to feel calmer, more productive, and ____15____more even-keeled in our daily lives.” After evaluating yoga history and research, one 2014 review published in Frontiers in Human Neouroscience concluded that ___16___yoga practice can help facilitate self-regulation. Another study of adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 found that practising yoga positively benefited emotional regulation and self-esteem. “Movement releases beneficial neurotransmitters (神经转发器) in the brain, which helps us feel good as well as assist in ___17___regulation,” says yoga instructor, Evan Lawrence. “One of the things that I like about yoga specifically is that there is, at the same time, a focus on physical movement and ___18___.” According to associate professor of psychiatry, Dr Gail Saltz, “practising yoga improves overall blood ___19___to the body, including the brain, which is helpful for cognition and memory.” One 2019 review published in Brain Plasticity concluded that behavioural interventions like yoga can help “mitigate age-related and neurodegenerative decline” due to the positive effects a daily practice has on different parts of the ___20___brain, like the hippocampus (which plays a major role in learning and memory) and the prefrontal cortex (cognitive control functions). 【答案】11. D 12. H 13. A 14. F 15. J 16. B 17. K 18. E 19. I 20. G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过引用科学研究、专家观点和统计数据来说明瑜伽对身心健康的积极影响，解释瑜伽如何帮助人们进行自我调节、改善情绪和认知功能，并强调了瑜伽作为一种日常实践的重要性。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：虽然大多数形式的瑜伽不像其他锻炼方案那样剧烈，但科学证明，每天练习瑜伽对你的身心都有帮助。根据前文的“mentally and”可知，空处应和前文的mentally并列，应是D项physically“身体上”符合语境，构成固定搭配：mentally and physically意为“精神上和身体上”。故选D项。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：通过呼吸练习，冥想和保持姿势，增加身体和心灵的力量和灵活性，从瑜伽中获益，对你的长期健康有积极的影响。空处和前文的strength并列，所以空处应填名词，此处应是flexibility意为“灵活性”符合语境。故选H项。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：难怪人们练习瑜伽已经超过5000年了，根据澳大利亚统计局的数据，澳大利亚练习瑜伽的人数在2008年至2017年间翻了一番，超过200万人。根据前文“the body and mind gain benefits from yoga that positively impact your long-term health.”可知，空处应是wonder意为“惊奇”，构成固定搭配：it is no wonder意为“难怪”符合语境。故选A项。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：瑜伽老师Jenni Tarmar分享说：“我们有大量的研究表明，定期的正念练习——不加评判地关注身体的感觉、思想和情绪——可以减轻压力，帮助我们在日常生活中感到更平静、更有效率、更平稳。”空前是不定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，此处应是wealth意为“大量”，构成固定搭配：a wealth of意为“大量的”符合语境。故选F项。 【15题详解】 考查副词。句意：瑜伽老师珍妮·塔尔玛 (Jenni Tarmar) 分享道：“我们有大量的研究表明，经常进行正念练习——即不加评判地关注身体的感觉、思想和情感——可以减轻压力，帮助我们在日常生活中感觉更加平静、更有效率，而且通常更加稳定。”空处修饰空后的形容词，应该用副词修饰，根据句意，应是generally意为“通常”符合语境。故选J项。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在评估了瑜伽的历史和研究之后，2014年发表在《人类神经科学前沿》(Frontiers in Human neuroscience)上的一篇综述得出结论，定期练习瑜伽有助于促进自我调节。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是regular意为“定期的”符合语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：瑜伽教练埃文·劳伦斯说：“运动在大脑中释放有益的神经递质，这有助于我们感觉良好，并有助于调节情绪。”空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是mood，和regulation构成固定搭配：mood regulation意为“情绪调节”符合语境。故选K项。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：我特别喜欢瑜伽的一个原因是，它同时注重身体运动和呼吸。根据空前的and可知，空处和前文的movement并列，所以空处应填名词作宾语，此处应是breathing，表达“同时注重身体运动和呼吸”之意。故选E项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：精神病学副教授盖尔·萨尔茨博士表示，“练习瑜伽可以改善身体的整体血液流动，包括大脑，这对认知和记忆有帮助。”空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，此处应是flow，构成固定词组搭配：blood flow意为“血流”。故选I项。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：2019年发表在《大脑可塑性》杂志上的一篇综述得出结论，瑜伽等行为干预措施可以帮助“缓解与年龄相关的神经退行性衰退”，因为每天的练习对大脑功能的不同部位有积极影响，比如海马体(在学习和记忆中起主要作用)和前额皮质(认知控制功能)。此处修饰名词brain，应用名词functioning“功能”，作定语。故选G项。 完形填空 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Critical thinkers start by asking questions about whatever is in front of them. They consider ___21___. If this, then what? If that, then how is the outcome different? They understand that every action has a ___22___, and they think about all possible outcomes of decisions before they make them. Asking questions helps this process. Once you have asked every question you can come up with about a matter, ___23___ information that will help you answer those questions.___24___! Do some research. You can learn almost anything on the Internet, but it’s not the only place to do your research. ___25___ people. I’m a big fan of polling (民意调查).Ask the experts around you. Gather ___26___ and various opinions you can use to make your own determination. The wider the variety, the better. You’ve got ___27___ information, and now it’s time to analyze it all with an open mind. This is the most ___28___ part, in my opinion. It can be pretty difficult to recognize the filters that were instilled (灌输) in us from our first families. We are products of our environments, of the ways in which we were treated as a child, of the role models we've had throughout our lives, of the opportunities we have said yes or no to, of the sum of all of our experiences. Try to be as aware as possible of those ___29___ and biases (偏见), and turn them off. Question everything during this step. Are you being ___30___? Are you speculating? Assuming anything? This is the time to look at every thought as ___31___ as possible. Do you know it to be absolutely true? What are the facts? Have you considered the situation from every different point of view? Critical thinkers are more interested in solutions than in placing ___32___ complaining, or gossiping. Once you’ve reached a conclusion through critical thinking, it’s time to communicate and ___33___ a solution if one is called for. This is the time for compassion (同情), empathy (同理心), diplomacy. Not everyone involved will have thought the situation through as ___34___ as you have. It’s your job to understand that, and to ___35___ solutions in a way that everyone can understand. 21. A. cause and effect B. ups and downs C. gains and losses D. back and forth 22. A. frequency B. consequence C. reason D. border 23. A. analyze B. stress C. prioritize D. seek 24. A. Assume B. Advocate C. Investigate D. Initiate 25. A. Interact B. Interview C. Accuse D. Spare 26. A. proof B. evidence C. argument D. information 27. A. a pile of B. a piece of C. a flock of D. a command of 28. A. demanding B. imposing C. challenging D. appealing 29. A. bubbles B. filters C. prejudice D. hatred 30. A. objective B. respective C. informative D. confident 31. A. perfectly B. curiously C. subconsciously D. purely 32. A. emphasis B. value C. importance D. blame 33. A. pursue B. suspect C. implement D. confirm 34. A. carefully B. critically C. cautiously D. crucially 35. A. present B. represent C. review D. comprehend 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是批判性思维的重要性与实践方法。 【21题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：他们考虑因果关系。A. cause and effect 因果关系；B. ups and downs 起起伏伏；C. gains and losses 得与失；D. back and forth 来回。根据后文“If this, then what? If that, then how is the outcome different?”可知，此处指的是他们考虑一件事导致的可能结果，即因果关系。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们明白每个行动都有一个后果，他们在做出决定之前会考虑所有可能的结果。A. frequency 频率；B. consequence 后果；C. reason 原因；D. border 边界。根据上文“If this, then what? lf that, then how is the outcome different?”可知，批判性思考者在做决定前会考虑所有可能的结果，因此这里是说每个行动都有其“后果”。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦你对某件事提出了所有你能想到的问题，就去寻找能帮助你回答这些问题的信息。A. analyze 分析；B. stress 强调；C. prioritize 优先排序；D. seek 寻找。根据下文“Do some research”可知，做一些研究，为的是寻找信息，来解答问题。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：进行调查！A. Assume 假设；B. Advocate 提倡；C. Investigate 调查；D. Initiate 开始，发起。根据上文 “Once you have asked every question you can come up with about a matter, 3 information that will help you answer those questions.”和下文“Do some research”可知，为了寻找能帮助你回答这些问题的信息，要主动去调查了解。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：采访人们。A. Interact 互动；B. Interview 采访，面试；C. Accuse 控告；D. Spare 抽出，饶恕。根据下文“I’m a big fan of polling (民意调查). Ask the experts around you.”可知，此处指的是通过采访获取信息，采访人们。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：收集信息和各种意见，以便你自己做出判断。A. proof 证据，证明；B. evidence 证据；C. argument 论点，争论；D. information 信息。根据下文“and various opinions”可知，此处指收集可以帮助做决策的信息。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：你已经收集了一堆信息，现在是时候以开放的心态分析所有这些信息了。A. a pile of 一堆；B. a piece of 一片，一块；C. a flock of 一群；D. a command of 掌握。根据上文“Gather 6 and various opinions you can use to make your own determination. The wider the variety, the better.”可知，收集各种各样的意见，越多越好，所以这里表示收集到了大量的信息。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这是最具挑战性的部分。A. demanding 要求高的；B. imposing 壮观的，给人深刻印象的；C. challenging 挑战性的；D. appealing 吸引人的。根据下文“It can be pretty difficult to recognize the filters that were instilled (灌输) in us from our first families.”可知，很难识别从我们的第一个家庭灌输给我们的过滤器，识别并关闭个人固有的过滤器和偏见，这显然是一个挑战性的过程。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽量意识到这些过滤器和偏见，并关闭它们。A. bubbles 泡泡；B. filters 过滤器，过滤；C. prejudice 偏见；D. hatred 憎恨。根据上文的“the filters that were instilled (灌输) in us”可知，这里继续讨论这些内在的过滤器。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是否客观？A. objective 客观的；B. respective 各自的；C. informative 信息丰富的；D. confident 自信的。根据上文的“Try to be as aware as possible of those 9 and biases (偏见), and turn them off. Question everything during this step.”可知，尽量意识到这些过滤器和偏见，并关闭它们，在这一步中质疑一切，做完这些之后，询问自己是否保持了客观态度。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在是时候把每一个想法都视为尽可能纯粹的了。A. perfectly 完美地；B. curiously 好奇地；C. subconsciously 潜意识地；D. purely 纯粹地。根据上文“Are you speculating? Assuming anything?”可知，这里强调以最纯净、纯粹、无偏见的方式审视每一个想法。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：批判性思考者对解决方案比追究责任、抱怨或八卦更感兴趣。A. emphasis 强调；B. value 价值；C. importance 重要性；D. blame 责备。根据上文“Critical thinkers are more interested in solutions than in placing”和下文“complaining, or gossiping”可知，批判性思考者更关注解决问题而非责备。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦通过批判性思维得出结论，就是时候进行沟通并（如果需要）实施解决方案了。A. pursue 追求；B. suspect 怀疑；C. implement 实施；D. confirm 确认。根据上文“Once you’ve reached a conclusion through critical thinking, it’s time to communicate”和下文“a solution”可知，得出结论后应是执行或实施解决方案。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：并非每个参与的人都能像你那样批判性地思考问题。A. carefully 仔细地；B. critically 批判性地；C. cautiously 谨慎地；D. crucially 关键地。根据上文“Not everyone involved will have thought the situation through as”可知，这里强调的是批判性思考的重要性，并非每个参与的人都能像你那样批判性地思考问题。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的工作是理解这一点，并以每个人都能理解的方式提出解决方案。A. present 提出，呈现；B. represent 代表；C. review 复习，回顾；D. comprehend 理解。根据下文“solutions in a way that everyone can understand”可知，最后一步是将解决方案呈现给所有人理解。故选A。 阅读理解 There’s something fascinating about discovering a local pub and enjoying a hometown alcoholic drink. Also, you may explore these cities for an entirely new drinking experience. Tokyo for Underground Sake (清酒) There’s no better city in the world for sake than Tokyo, Japan. The Japanese have a strong tradition of making sake, a drink made from rice. The drink has a rich cultural background that makes drinking sake a celebration with every sip. You can even have a drink inside the railway station which opens at 7 a. m. when you wait for the train. Sometimes the amazing flavor is presented unexpectedly. London for Drinks “Shaken and Not Stirred” Though British icon James Bond's fascination with gin martinis seemed to have pushed gin (杜松子酒) into the global view, London has a long history of gin drinking and many gin lovers throughout the country. The old-time menus in many bars make local people emotional, reminding them of the simpler old days only London can claim. St. Petersburg for a Lux Vodka (伏特加) Selection St. Petersburg enjoys a wide variety of bars meant for that original Russian vodka experience including the famous bar ryumochnaya. The bar was originally meant to defy the misbehavior of labeling people. It was a place for everyone to just enjoy a drink. A billionaire could be sitting happily next to a worker. Today in spite of many other bars with higher-end atmosphere than the ryumochnaya, the old bar still remains the best vodka bar of the city with the most varied customers. New Orleans for the First Cocktail (鸡尾酒) New Orleans is home to what many believe is America’s first cocktail the Sazerac. In 1838 Antoine Peychaud used two kinds of alcoholic drinks to create the delicious cocktail and kicked off a drink revolution. Today, bars like Compère Lapin stay true to the New Orleans spirit of cocktail, and also offer other exciting options like beer and red wine. 39. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The best sake bar of Japan is positioned in the underground. B. James Bond started the habit of gin drinking in London. C. Ryumochnaya tops St. Petersburg vodka bars for its most luxurious atmosphere. D. Besides cocktail, Compère Lapin serves other kinds of alcoholic drinks. 40. The underlined word defy is closest in meaning to ______. A. highlight B. imitate C. resist D. reward 41. The city with a number of bars to make people recall the city’s passed time is ______. A. Tokyo B. London C. St. Petersburg D. New Orleans. 【答案】39. D 40. C 41. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们可以探索一些城市，以获得全新的饮酒体验。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据New Orleans for the First Cocktail (鸡尾酒)中“Today, bars like Compère Lapin stay true to the New Orleans spirit of cocktail, and also offer other exciting options like beer and red wine.(如今，像Compère Lapin这样的酒吧忠于新奥尔良鸡尾酒的精神，也提供其他令人兴奋的选择，如啤酒和红酒。)”可知，除了鸡尾酒，Compère Lapin提供其他种类的酒精饮料。故选D。 【40题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“It was a place for everyone to just enjoy a drink. A billionaire could be sitting happily next to a worker. (这是一个让每个人都能享受一杯酒的地方。一个亿万富翁可以快乐地坐在一个工人旁边。)”可知，每个人，不分等级都能在这里享受一杯酒，由此可知，这家酒吧抵制给人贴标签的不当行为。所以划线单词defy为“抵制”之意。故选C。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据London for Drinks “Shaken and Not Stirred中的“The old-time menus in many bars make local people emotional, reminding them of the simpler old days only London can claim. (许多酒吧的旧菜单让当地人情绪激动，让他们想起只有伦敦才能拥有的更简单的旧时光。)”可知，伦敦这座城市拥有众多让人回忆起城市逝去的时光的酒吧。故选B。 六选四 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Luwak Coffee Indonesia Luwak coffee is one of the most expensive coffees in the world, because it has extraordinary value and its availability is very rare. Indonesian Luwak coffee, or civet(麝香猫) coffee, sells well and is very popular with coffee lovers because it is considered to have a smooth and friendly taste in the stomach. ___42___ Many are disgusted with the basic ingredients that come from animal feces(粪便). Because of this, these drinks also get bad nicknames in various countries. Even so, the Indonesian Luwak coffee industry seems uninterrupted and still sells well at high prices. ___43___ These three factors are a long production process, the amount of harvest that is not as large as ordinary coffee beans, and the taste of coffee that is not thick. Initially, this drink was discovered by local people who are curious about the taste of coffee. They find seeds that are still complete in the feces of a cat - like animal, so they process seeds from the dirt, bake, then make a drink. The enjoyment of this drink is heard by the Dutch government. They then collect and sell Indonesian civet coffee at very high prices. The process begins when coffee plants enter the harvest period. Fruit that is ready for harvest will begin to turn reddish. ___44___ The fruit eaten will be digested by this animal, strangely the digestion of this animal cannot destroy the layer of coffee. The dirt or feces from the civets will later be collected to be cleaned. After cleaning, the next process is roasting. The roasting process is only up to the medium roast level. The reason is to maintain a unique sense of character. The roasted seeds are then packaged in whole beans or powder for sale. ___45___ A. In fact, coffee beans in each region have different taste character. B. Luwak has the habit and ability to choose the best quality coffee fruit, so this animal will eat fruit with good seeds. C. Not everyone can appreciate this drink. D. Some breeding areas even open a civet coffee cafe so that visitors can enjoy the most expensive coffee immediately after baking. E. There are three main factors that make Indonesian Luwak coffee more expensive than coffee in general. F. What is the actual production process of civet coffee? 【答案】42. C 43. E 44. B 45. D 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印尼麝香猫咖啡是世界上最昂贵的咖啡之一，因为它有非凡的价值和它的供应非常稀少。文章说明了导致印尼麝香猫咖啡昂贵的三个因素，以及这种咖啡的发现和制作过程。 【42题详解】 根据后文Many are disgusted with the basic ingredients that come from animal feces.可知许多人对来自动物粪便的基本成分感到厌恶。由此可知，并不是每个人都喜欢喝这种麝香猫咖啡。故C选项“不是每个人都喜欢这种饮料”符合上下文语境，故选C。 【43题详解】 根据后文These three factors are a long production process, the amount of harvest that is not as large as ordinary coffee beans, and the taste of coffee that is not thick.可知这三个因素是一个漫长的生产过程，收获量不像普通咖啡豆那么大，咖啡的味道不浓。由此可知，本段是在说明印尼麝香猫咖啡比一般咖啡贵的三个主要因素。后文中These three factors可对应到E选项中three main factors。故E选项“印尼麝香猫咖啡比一般咖啡贵，主要有三个因素”符合上下文语境，故选E。 【44题详解】 根据后文The fruit eaten will be digested by this animal, strangely the digestion of this animal cannot destroy the layer of coffee.可知吃下的水果会被这种动物消化，奇怪的是，这种动物的消化不能破坏咖啡层。由此可知，本句是在说明麝香猫有吃下咖啡水果的习惯，故B选项“麝香猫有习惯和能力选择品质最好的咖啡水果，所以这种动物会吃有好种子的水果”符合上下文语境，故选B。 【45题详解】 结合上文After cleaning, the next process is roasting. The roasting process is only up to the medium roast level. The reason is to maintain a unique sense of character. The roasted seeds are then packaged in whole beans or powder for sale.可知清洗后，下一个步骤是焙烧。烘焙过程只达到中等烘焙水平。原因是要保持一种独特的个性。烤过的种子然后包装成整粒豆子或粉末出售。由此可知，本段是在说明人们享用这种咖啡的一些方式，本句承接上文说明一些养殖区域甚至还开设了麝香猫咖啡馆，让游客在烘焙后立即享用最昂贵的咖啡。故D选项“一些养殖区域甚至还开设了麝香猫咖啡馆，让游客在烘焙后立即享用最昂贵的咖啡”符合上下文语境，故选D。 第 1 页 共 31 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$