Unit 6 welcome-reading 知识点2024-2025学年译林版（2024）英语七年级下册

7B U6 welocme-reading 同步知识梳理 知识点1：Oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface. Mountains are high, and they are usually covered with rocks and earth.（P69） 用法解析： （1）cover v. 意为覆盖，遮盖；占 (一片面积) cover an area of... 占...的面积； cover... with ... 用...覆盖...； be covered with... 被...所覆盖 Many people in the street have to cover their faces with scarves. 街上的许多人不得不用围巾遮住脸。 Everything is covered in deep white snow. 一切都被厚厚的白雪覆盖着。 cover的其他常见含义及用法： 动词 足以支付 $10 should cover the meal.十美元足够支付这顿饭钱。 包含； 涉及 The lectures cover different topics.这些讲座涉及不同的主题。 名词 (书刊的) 封面封皮 I like the cover of the book.我喜欢这本书的封面。 覆盖物； 盖子 This glass bowl has a plastic cover.这个玻璃碗有一个塑料盖子。 （2）ocean n. 海洋；和专有名词构成海洋的名称时，首字母大写，且其前要加定冠词the。 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Atlantic Ocean大西洋 the Indian Ocean印度洋 the Arctic Ocean北冰洋 （3）rock n.岩石 n.摇滚乐 It was standing on a rock. 它被搁在了一块岩石之上。 I think that rock music is terrible. 我认为摇滚乐是糟糕的。 on the rocks 处于困境中 He lost his job and is now on the rocks. 他失去了工作，现在正处于困境中。 （4）surface n. 地面；表面 on the surface在表面 the surface of… ……的表面 He is only honest on the surface. 他只是表面诚实而已。 The surface of the water is as smooth as a mirror. 水平如镜。 【例题】 1. —Why does the earth look blue in space? —Because most of the earth's surface with water. A.covers　　　 B.is covered     C.cover　　　　　 D.are covered 2. Shijiu Lake ______ an area of over 200 square kilometres. It is a nice place to go birdwatching. A. takes   B. runs   C. covers   D. carries 3. ________(一夜之间)our community is ________(覆盖)with white. Children have a good time playing with snow. 4. Hawaii is a group of islands (岛屿) in the centre of the ______ (海洋). 答案：BC Overnight covered，ocean 知识点2：Rivers carry water from high ground down to lakes or the sea.（P69） 用法解析： ground n. 地面，可数名词，其复数形式为grounds He fell and hurt his knee on the ground. 他摔倒了，膝盖磕在地上受伤了。 v. 使着陆、为...提供论据 The plane grounded safely after a long flight.飞机经过长时间的飞行后安全着陆了。 He grounded his argument on scientific research.他以科学研究为基础提出了自己的论点。 【常见搭配】 on the ground在现场、在实际中 from the ground up从基础开始 We need to get more information on the ground. 我们需要获取更多现场的信息。 I live on the ground floor. 我住在一楼。 He built his business from the ground up. 他从零开始建立了自己的事业。 注意：在英国ground floor为第一层，first floor为第二层； 在美国first floor为第一层，second floor为第二层。 【例题】 1. When autumn comes, the ______ (地面) is covered with colorful fallen leaves, making a beautiful scene. 2. The exhibition hall on the ______ ______ (底层) attracts a lot of visitors every day. 答案：ground，ground floor 知识点3：Plains are open and flat. They cover over one-third of the world's land area. （P69） 用法解析： （1）plain n.平原 The wind whipped across the plain.大风扫过平原。 adj. “清晰的、朴素的、平凡的、坦率的” The answer is plain as day. 答案一目了然。 This is a plain white shirt. 这是一件朴素的白衬衫。 Please explain the sentence in plain English. 请用简单的语言解释这个句子。 Make yourself plain.把话说清楚。 【常见搭配】in plain sight显而易见 It is plain that 从句 很明显... Some are apparently hiding in plain sight. 一些报道显然是在自圆其说。 It is plain that he is not going to agree. 很明显他不会同意。 （2）flat adj.平坦的，平的 The table has a flat surface. 这张桌子有一个平坦的表面。 n. 译为“公寓” I live in a flat in London. 我住在伦敦的一套公寓里。 adv. 水平地 He lay flat on the ground. 他平躺在地上。 【常见搭配】flat out全速、尽全力 flat share合租公寓 flat as a pancake非常平坦 I was running flat out to catch the bus. 我全力以赴地跑去赶公交车。 I live in a flat share with three other students. 我和另外三个学生共同租住一套公寓。 The road is flat as a pancake from here to the next town. 从这里到下一个城镇的路非常平坦。 （3）land n. 陆地，土地（不可数）；国家，地区（可数） on land在陆地上 by land走陆路 90% of the land is cultivated.90%的土地已耕种。 v. 着陆，降落；到达；获得。land on 着陆 反义短语：take off 起飞 The plane landed safely.飞机安全着陆。 （4）英语中的分数表达法： 由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。 one-third三分之一 two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5 【例题】 1. —My hometown is on a _________, with simple houses and open and flat spaces. —Oh, that sounds peaceful! A. valley   B. plain C. mountain   D. desert 2. According to the survey, one-third of the elders to build more parks. A.agree B.agrees C.agreeing D.to agree 3. Come on! ________ of the work is done. We can all have a rest when we finish it. A. Two three   B. Two third C. Two-third   D. Two-thirds 4. One-third of the students (be) good at playing basketball. 5. We sit on the ______ (平坦的) grassland and enjoy the delicious food. 6. The spacecraft (着陆) on the moon in a few days. 答案：BAD are，flat，will land 知识点4：It rises in the mountains of Qinghai Province and runs all the way to the East China Sea. （P69） 用法解析： rise v. 意为“(河流)发源，起源” v. 意为“(数字、 数量、价值)增加；升高，上升” The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。‌ 【辨析】raise & rise 词条 词义 短语 raise（及物动词） 饲养；抚育；提高 ;增加; 举起；募集 raise cows 养牛 raise money for 为...募集资金 rise（不及物动词） 增加；上升；站起 rise into 升入 rise up to 上升到 【例题】 1. Look! The flag is (rise). 2. The temperature (气温) ( rise) in spring. 3. The house price keeps (rise) all the time. 4.Which mountain (rise) the earliest, Mount Tai, Mount Huang or Mount Tianzi? 5. Please tell me how (喂养，养育) these birds. 6. The soldiers (使……升起) the national Chinese flag every day. 答案：rising rises rising rises to raise raise 知识点5：My water is fresh water, so everybody can drink it and use it for farming and washing.（P70） 用法解析： （1）fresh adj.（水）淡的，无盐的；新鲜的；新颖的，独创的；精力充沛的；刚来的； Fresh water is more important than anything else.淡水比其他任何东西都重要。 We should eat more fresh vegetables and fruit. They' re good for our health. 我们应该多吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果。它们对我们的健康有益. Regular exercise will help you feel fresh. 经常锻炼会使你感觉精力充沛。 （2）farming n. 耕种,务农 farm v. 务农; 种田 farmer n.农民 You don't know the first thing about farming. 你对耕种一无所知。 （3）use sth for doing用于... use sth to do用某物做某事= do sth with sth Fishermen use nets for catching fish. 渔民们用渔网捕鱼。 【例题】 1. —Morning, Johnson! Juice or coffee? —Coffee, please. It can get me and ready to start my day. A.busy　　　　 B.lazy　　　　 C.clean　　　　 D.fresh 2. The river is a big part of the farmers’ life here. They use it _______ watering the crops (庄稼). A. for   B. of   C. with   D. about 3. My grandpa loves (farm). He grows lots of vegetables in his garden every summer. 4. -我们可以用海水来耕种吗？-恐怕不行。 -Can we ?-I'm afraid not. 答案：DA farming，use sea water for farming 知识点6：But I am also very powerful.（P70） 用法解析： powerful adj.意为“力量大的；有影响力的”。由“power (n.力量;权力) +-ful (形容词后缀) ”构成。 Humour can be a powerful weapon. 幽默可以成为强大的武器。 She's the most powerful person in the organization. 她是该组织中最有影响力的人。 【拓展】①power n.意为“力量，电力供应” They've switched off the power. 他们关掉了电源。 ②powerless adj.意为“无力的；无权的；无影响力的”，与 powerful 意思相反 I saw what was happening, but I was powerless to help. 我眼看着事情发生，却无力相助。 【词缀】--ful是常见的形容词后缀，表示“充满……的； 有……性质 (或倾向) 的”，可加在某些名词后构成形容词。 colour n.颜色 — colourful adj.颜色鲜艳的 beauty n.美丽 — beautiful adj.美丽的 use n.用途 — useful adj.有用的 meaning n.含义— meaningful adj.有意义的 【例题】 1. After the earthquake, the local people found themselves ______ in the face of the destroyed houses and broken roads. A. hopeful B. helpful C. powerless D. useful 2. The old man was ______ to lift the heavy box. He had to ask for help. A. too strong B. strong enough C. too powerless D. powerless enough 3. I believe knowledge (知识) is more p than money. 4. The ______ wind blows down many trees and people are afraid to go outside. 5. A smile has the p__________ to make people feel warm and happy and we should often smile  to other people. 答案：CC powerful，powerful，power 知识点7：When I flood, it sometimes destroy homes and lives.（P70） 用法解析： （1）flood n. 表示洪水或大量的人或事物。 There was a flood last night. 昨天晚上发生了洪水。 The market is flooded with cheap goods. 市场上有大量廉价的商品。 v. 表示淹没、泛滥或大量涌入。 The river flooded the village. 河流淹没了村庄。 The news flooded into his mind. 这个消息涌入他的脑海。 （2）destroy v. 破坏，摧毁 The earthquake destroyed the bridge.地震摧毁了桥梁。 The news destroyed her hope of becoming a doctor.这个消息毁掉了她成为医生的希望。 派生词：destruction为名词，译为“毁灭、破坏”；destructive为形容词，译为“破坏性的” 【拓展】‌damage、destroy、ruin和injury的区别‌： ‌damage‌：指部分性的损坏，意味着损坏后价值降低，功能、吸引力及效率降低。 The car accident caused significant damage to the vehicle.这次车祸对车辆造成了严重的损害。‌ ‌destroy‌：指完全彻底的破坏，通常意味着不能或很难修复。 The storm destroyed the village, leaving nothing but ruins. 这场风暴彻底摧毁了村庄，只剩下废墟。 ‌ruin‌：通常用于描述彻底破坏后的状态或结果。 The war had ruined many lives. 战争摧毁了很多人的人生。 ‌injury‌：指对身体或心理上的伤害，通常指较小的伤害，但可能引起不便或不安。 The fall resulted in a minor injury to his leg. 摔倒导致他腿部轻微受伤。 【例题】 1. Some people say that sandstorms(沙尘暴)_______the ancient city in the desert many years ago, and people can't see it now. A. built   B. repaired C. produced   D. destroyed 2.When it rains heavily, the river can (淹没) many houses. 3. What can we do to stop the flood from (destroy) the village? 答案：D flood，destroying 知识点8：My body is mostly made of sand and I seldom see rain.（P70） 用法解析： （1）mostly adv.主要地，通常，在句中可修饰动词、形容词或副词。 They mostly travel by car.他们出行大多选择开车。 The book is mostly about history.这本书主要是讲历史的。 She usually works mostly at home.她通常大部分时间都在家里工作。 【拓展】 most可作副词，译为“最”，用来修饰形容词/副词最高级；most也是many/much的最高级形式，译为“最多的”。 She is one of the most experienced teachers in our school.她是我们学校最有经验的老师之一。 most of ...大多数... Most of the students passed the exam.大多数学生通过了考试。 （2）sand n.沙，沙子，不可数名词；如：一粒沙子：a grain of sand。表示“沙滩”或“沙洲”时，则是可数名词，其复数形式sands。 【例题】 1.The houses in this village are made of stone and brick(砖). A.most　　　　 B.almost　　　 C.mostly　　 D.nearly 2.There were fifteen people in the office, (most)women. 3. ________ of them think we live on corn, but we live ________ on rice.(most) 4. The strong wind carried a lot of ______ (sand) and made the air dirty. 答案：C most，mostly，sand 知识点9：Nobody wants to live in such difficult conditions, but a few plants and animals can survive.（P70） 用法解析： （1）nobody pron. 没有人，相当于 no one，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 （2）condition n. 环境，条件 ；状态； (尤指健康) 状况； 天气情况 be in (a) bad/ good condition处于糟糕的/良好的状态 mental/ physical condition精神/身体状况 Our government did a lot of things to improve the villagers’ living conditions. 我们的政府做了很多事情来改善村民的生活条件。 For further information on tomorrow's weather conditions, call the hotline below. 欲知关于明天天气状况的更多信息，请拨打下面的热线。 （3）survive v. 生存，存活；既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。 survive sth.在…中幸免于难, 在…中幸存 Did anyone survive the earthquake? 有人在地震中活下来吗? (作及物动词) This animal lives in Australia and needs little water to survive. 这种动物生活在澳大利亚，几乎不需要水就能生存。 (作不及物动词) 【拓展】survivor n. 幸存者 There were no survivors of the plane crash. 这次飞机失事没有幸存者。 （4）a few有些，几个 【辨析】few, a few, little和a little 修饰对象 含义（肯定/否定） 例句（肯定/否定） few 可数名词（复数） 几乎没有（否定） Few people came to the meeting. 几乎没有人来参加会议。 a few 一些，几个（肯定） A few people stayed after class. 有几个人下课后留下来了。 little 不可数名词 几乎没有（否定） Little time remains. 剩下的时间不多了。 a little 少量（肯定） Add a little sugar to the tea. 往茶里加一点糖。 【例题】 1. --Mum, I'm hungry now. Is there anything to eat? --Dinner will be ready soon. You can find sandwiches in the fridge to eat. A. a few B. few C. little D. a little 2. The physics problem is too hard, so______ students can work it out. A.little B.few C.a little D.a few 3. There’s ________ in the book, so ________ is interested in it. A. special nothing; everybody B. something special; anybody C. something special; nobody D. nothing special; nobody 4. The rescue team found a little girl who was still ________ under a building three days after the earthquake. They wondered how she was able to ________ the big earthquake. A. alive; survive in B. living; survive C. living; survive in D. alive; survive 5. I called you this morning, but (没有人) answered. 6. The ________  don’t know if they can ________ the cold weather.(survival) 7. This company pays much attention to its ________. It produces lots of ________ every year.(produce) 8. Some people in Africa are still living in very bad （条件）and China has helped them a lot. 9. I can’t imagine（想象）how hard it is (survive) in the desert without food for days. 答案：ABDD nobody，survivors survive，production products，conditions，to survive 知识点10：I am huge.（P70） 用法解析： huge adj.巨大的 The road was blocked by a huge rock. 道路被一块巨石堵住了。 The party was a huge success. 聚会办得非常成功。 【辨析】huge//big//large huge强调尺寸、体积“庞大”，容量和数量“巨大”。指体积时，比large所指的体积大，但不强调重量。 I have a huge number of ties because I never throw them away. 我有超多条领带，因为我从来不肯扔掉它们。 large强调远远超过标准的“大”，可指“数量、容量、体积和面积的大”，比big正式，反义词是small。 We have a large farm. 我们有一个大农场。 big最通俗、常用，强调比正常程度、范围及规模的标准大，常用于修饰人、物或数量。反义词是little和small。 Australia's a big country. 澳大利亚是个幅员辽阔的国家。 【例题】 1. A h______ (巨大的) crowd gathered in the square to watch the concert. 2. The ______ (huge) building in the city center is a new shopping mall. It’s much ______ (big) than the old one and has a ______ (large) parking lot. 答案：huge，huge bigger large 知识点11：I am full of trees, and I produce oxygen for humans and animals to breathe. （P70） 用法解析： （1）produce v.生产 According to a report, Jiangxi produced more than 1.4 million tons of rice noodles in 2020. 一份报告显示, 江西在2020年生产了超过140万吨的米粉。 [不可数名词] 产品，制品；(尤指) 农产品 There is enough farm produce at the market. 市场上有足够的农产品。 product [可数名词] 产品; 生成物 He used to be interested in electronic products. 他过去对电子产品感兴趣。 Methane is a product of this process. 甲烷是该过程的生成物。 （2）breathe vi. 意为“呼吸”。breathe deeply 深呼吸；breathe heavily 气喘吁吁 Most people don't realize that they are breathing polluted air. 大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着污染了的空气。 【拓展】breath n.意为“呼吸，气息；呼吸的空气”。 out of breath上气不接下气 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸 We were out of breath after only five minutes. 我们五分钟后便气喘吁吁了。 【例题】 1.  The factory ______ many toys, and children all over the world love to play with them. A. protects   B. practises C. produces   D. prepares 2. The doctor told him to ______ in and then ______ out slowly. A. breath; breath B. breathe; breathe C. breathing; breathing D. breathed; breathed 3. We should ________ the same ________ and share the same future as Chinese people.(breath) 4. Farmers work hard ______ (produce) enough rice and vegetables for us. 答案：CB breathe breath，to produce 知识点12：I would like to go to the Tree River in northern Canada.（P72） 用法解析： northern adj. 北方的，北部的。由“north (n.北; 北方) 表示方位的名词在词尾加-ern构成 south n.南 southern adj.南方的 southerner n.南方人 north n.北 northern adj.北方的 northerner n.北方人 east n.东 eastern adj.东方的 easterner n.东方人 west n.西 western adj.西方的 westerner n.西方人 South Africa南非 South America 南美洲 the South Pole南极 Pandas usually live in the southwest of China. 熊猫通常生活在中国的西南部。 【例题】 1. The river flows from the ____ to the south. A. north B. northern C. northerner D. northwards 2. Suqian, a city with rich cultures, is in the (北方的) part of Jiangsu Province. 3. There is a huge forest in the ______ (north) part of the island. It is a tropical rainforest. 答案： A northern，northern 课堂练习 一、单项选择 ( )1.— fine weather! It's a good match for going on a picnic. — Exactly. I simply can't wait! A. How B. What C. How a D. What a ( )2. Which of the following tones is WRONG? A. How often do you visit your grandpa? B. I always go to school by car. C. How wonderful the concert was last night! D. Did you enjoy yourself in Beijing? ( )3.— It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying. — Me too. here is so nice. I love the city. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything ( )4. Daming is happy today because he helped look for a set of keys on his way home. A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody ( )5. John has studied Chinese for months, but he can write . Because Chinese is too hard for him. A. a few; little B. few; a little C. a little; few D. little; a few ( )6. While I was speaking, the boy in black his hand and asked me if the price of these books a lot. A. raised; rose B. rose; rose C. rose; raised D. raised; raised ( )7.— How can I learn to play the guitar in a month? — Take your time. A long journey can be covered only by taking one at a time. A. class B. step C. break D. action ( )8. Our new neighbourhood is wonderful. of the land covered with trees and grass. A. Two-fifths; are B. Two-fifth; are C. Two-fifths; is D. Two-fifth; is ( )9. The more free plastic bags we use when shopping, the more white pollution(污染) we will . A. clean B. collect C. cut D. produce ( )10.— This cartoon is very funny. — Yes. I can't help when I watch it, and I can't wait it again. A. laughing; waiting B. laugh; watching C. to laugh; to watch D. laughing; to watch 2、 词汇检测 A)根据所给汉语提示或首字母写出单词。 1. On National Day, we see the (海洋) of red flags on Tian' anmen Square. 2. What will you cook for your guests when you give them a (款待)? 3.Suqian, a city with rich cultures, is in the (北方的) part of JiangsuProvince. 4. The water is clean. We can see the clouds in the sky from the s of the river. 5.—I can't find a leather bag in the small shop. — You can go to the h supermarket to buy one. B)用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 6. Alex and his friends are (most) out during holidays. 7. Parents should tell children not to believe (strange) words easily. 8. The plane flew for about three hours and then (land) on the airport. 9. Many (rock) fell down the mountain and hurt lots of people. 10. It's nice to live in the countryside and (breath) fresh air every day. 三、翻译 1. 这个湖非常美丽，许多人来这里拍照。 ______________________________________________________________________ 2. 那座山是这个地区最高的山。 ______________________________________________________________________ 3. 我们应该保护这些美丽的风景。 ______________________________________________________________________ 4. 它由巨大的石头构成。 ______________________________________________________________________ 答案： BADCA ABCDD A)1. ocean 2. treat 3. northern 4. surface 5. huge B)6. mostly 7. strangers’ 8. landed 9. rocks 10. breathe 1.The lake is very beautiful and many people come here to take photos. 2. That mountain is the highest mountain in this area. 3. We should protect these beautiful landscapes. 4 It is made of huge stones. 阅读练习 一、完形填空 The 144-hour visa-free policy (过境免签政策) helps foreign visitors see the real China. Because of the policy, it becomes 1 for foreigners to travel to China. So many 2 come to China. Jeffrey was one of them. Last month, he started his first 3 to China. He heard a lot about China, but he 4 came to this country. Before this trip, he was quite 5 . But when he arrived in Chongqing, all his worries went away. 6 here was excellent for him. Chongqing was much larger and better than he thought. The tall 7 made him feel like he was in a movie. The local (当地的) people were so friendly and warm. 8 they could not speak English well, they greeted him with smiles. During his stay, one of his favorite activities was 9 the local dishes, such as hot pot. It was so 10 that he could never forget its taste. Also, he bought a lot of 11 for his family and friends. He wanted to 12 the happiness and excitement with them. He felt 13 and lucky to see how wonderful China is through 14 own eyes. The trip was short, but he knew a lot about this 15 . Now he decides to visit China again. ( )1．A．easy B．busy C．hard D．early ( )2．A．visitor B．teachers C．doctors D．officers ( )3．A．idea B．meal C．hotel D．trip ( )4．A．always B．never C．hardly D．often ( )5．A．interested B．worried C．surprised D．bored ( )6．A．Everything B．Something C．Nothing D．Anything ( )7．A．walls B．buildings C．trees D．towers ( )8．A．But B．And C．So D．Although ( )9．A．eating B．making C．finding D．cooking ( )10．A．cheap B．delicious C．large D．healthy ( )11．A．hearts B．plans C．gifts D．notices ( )12．A．agree B．deal C．share D．take ( )13．A．afraid B．angry C．relaxed D．happy ( )14．A．my B．your C．her D．his ( )15．A．cottage B．countryside C．country D．courtyard 二、首字母填空 Do you know what a landform is? We use landforms to describe the earth’s s 1 , such as a mountain, or an island. The forces of nature shape the land year by year and finally f 2 different landforms. Human activities, such as f 3 , mining (采矿), and building, also have an influence on landforms. Sometimes the influence is positive (积极的). For example, people can b 4 dams (水坝) to create lakes for water and power using. People can also plant trees to protect the l 5 and create homes for animals. However, some human activities can hurt the l 6 and cause problems to the environment development of cities, people always cut down f 7 . It not only makes animals l 8 their homes but also makes floods happen more often. Landforms are i 9 for many reasons. For our future, e 10 should do something to protect them. 三、阅读与回答问题 (每题答案不超过6个词)。 One of the greatest experiences I' ve ever had was in Morocco. It was a trip to the desert. We set off from Marrakesh at 7 a. m. in a minibus and headed southeast. The countryside on the way was very unusual, with dry grey cliffs(悬崖). Below them in the canyons were lots of green palm trees.When we got to the Atlas Mountains, we ran into a snowstorm, and it got very cold in the bus. It was incredible to think that the hot desert was so near. After travelling for two days, we finally got to Merzouga, a tiny town on the edge of the Sahara Desert. We left our stuff in a hostel and drove to the place from which the caravans(宿营拖车)departed. Before sunset, we boarded our camels and rode into the desert over the dunes(沙丘). The dunes were amazing— they changed colour depending on the angle of the sun. The ride lasted about two hours. When we reached the camp, it was dark and cold, and I was starving. We sat in the camp and waited for dinner. Several hours later, they brought a lamb dish, which five of us shared from a plate, eating with our hands. After dinner, everyone went to sleep in tents, except me. I' ve always wanted to have the experience of sleeping in the desert, under the stars. But I didn't realize it could get so cold at night.So I took the same blanket that I used to ride the camel and covered myself in it to keep warm.During the day, the temperatures can reach 50℃, but at night, they fall to 4℃. The dunes looked like snow, and the clear sky covered with stars was an amazing sight. No wonder the Moors(摩尔人) were such great astronomers. They had a planetarium(天文馆) above them to see every night. Suddenly, I saw a shooting star, and I made a wish: I wish I could come back sometime in the future to enjoy the wonderful starry night once again ... 1. How long did the writer spend getting to the edge of the Sahara Desert? 2. How did the group of people go into the desert? 3. What was the weather like when the writer reached the camp? 4. How did the writer keep warm when he was looking at the stars? 5. What should we be careful about when travelling in deserts? 答案： AADBB ABDAB CCDDC surface/form/farming/build/land/landforms/forests/lose/important/everyone 1. Two days. 2. By riding camels. 3. It was cold. 4. By covering himself in a blanket. 5. We should bring enough water/ keep warm at night.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 四、阅读理解 （A） Forests are made of trees. Do you know the following types of forests on earth? Temperate (温带的) forests There are many temperate forests all over the world. These forests have four seasons. They change at different times of the year. Many kinds of trees grow in temperate forests. Their leaves change colour with the seasons. Leaves fall off the trees when the weather gets cool. As the weather warms up, the trees sprout. Boreal (北方的) forests Boreal forests are found in northern parts of the world, like North America, Asia and Europe. Of the three types of forests, boreal forests have the shortest growing season, about 130 days. These days are cold, making it difficult for life. The largest boreal forest is in Russia, Europe. Animals there get used to (适应) the cold weather by growing thick fur (厚厚的皮毛). Tropical (热带的) rainforest You may guess that it rains a lot in a tropical rainforest. You are right! Tropical rain forests are hot and wet. These forests cover only a tenth of the earth, but they are home to more kinds of plants and animals than any other places. The biggest tropical rainforest is the Amazon. It is in South America and it’s home to 20% of the world’s plants and animals. ( )1．How many kinds of forests are mentioned in the passage? A．4. B．3. C．2. D．1. ( )2．What does the underlined word “sprout” mean? A．Growing new roots. B．Growing new leaves. C．Growing fruits. D．Growing new flowers. ( )3．Where is the biggest boreal forest? A．In Africa. B．In South America. C．In Europe. D．In North America. ( )4．Which of the following is the best kind of forest for plants and animals to live in? A．The rainforest. B．The temperate forest. C．The boreal forest. D．The tropical rainforest. ( )5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Three kinds of forests. B．Animals in the forests. C．Weather of the forests. D．Plants in the forests. （B） Though oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. We only know about 20 percent of the seafloor and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that humans haven’t yet discovered (发现) 91 percent of sea animals. So why do we know so little about the deep sea? Well, getting to those depths (深处) is very difficult. It requires quite high technology. People built the first navigable submarine (可航行的潜水艇) in 1620, but it couldn’t go more than five meters below the surface. In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters. They also didn’t see much need to explore (探索) the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862. With the help of a digging machine, scientists discovered life as far down as 945 meters below sea level. Ten years later, they discovered around 4,700 species (物种) unknown before from the ocean floor. Since then, people began to develop high technology to help explore the deep sea, including satellites (卫星). But why is it so difficult to explore the deep sea? Well, at greater depths it is freezing (极冷的), everything is completely dark, and the pressure (压力) can be very great. Though we have the difficulties, it’s important to understand the seas. They help control (控制) the earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen in the air. They can also provide us with information about climate change. For our future, we have to really understand what is ongoing below the surface. ( )6．Why are some numbers listed in paragraph 1? A．To introduce how important oceans are. B．To discuss why people didn’t find out sea animals. C．To explain that oceans cover a large area of the earth. D．To show that we have only a little understanding of oceans. ( )7．What caused the change of exploration into the deep sea? A．High technology. B．Unknown species. C．The environment. D．Enough information. ( )8．What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Sea animals. B．The seas. C．The satellites. D．Many scientists. ( )9．What can we learn from the passage? A．It is difficult to build a navigable submarine. B．The seas have no lives at a depth of 945 meters. C．It is easier to go into the deep sea than we think. D．The seas plays a key part in the natural environment. ( )10．What could be the best title for the passage? A． The Secrets of the Deep Sea B．Unknown sea animals in the Deep Sea C．Deep-Sea Exploration: Into the Freezing Depths D．Deep-Sea Exploration: The Past and the Future 答案：BBCDA DABDC 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$